8 NguyenPhiAnh CB901

N TT NGHIP Thit k nh my bia nng sut 15 triu lt/nm
MC LC
LI M U .............................................................................................. 7
PHN I: LP LUN KINH T K THUT .......................................... 8
1.1. Hin trng sn xut, tiu th bia trn th gii v Vit Nam ............. 8
1.2. La chn a im xy dng nh my .............................................. 8
1.3. Vng nguyn liu .............................................................................. 9
1.4. Th trng tiu th sn phm ............................................................ 9
1.5. Ngun cung cp in, nc, lnh ..................................................... 9
1.6. Ngun cung cp nhin liu ............................................................. 10
1.7. Ngun nhn lc ............................................................................... 10
1.8. Giao thng vn ti ........................................................................... 10
1.9. V sinh mi trng, x l nc thi ............................................... 10
PHN II: NGUYN LIU V YU CU V NGUYN LIU ........ 11
2.1. Nguyn liu dng trong sn xut bia .............................................. 11
2.1.1. Malt i mch.................................................................................. 11
2.1.2. Go .................................................................................................. 12
2.1.3. Hoa houblon .................................................................................... 13
2.1.3.1. Cc ch tiu k thut ca hoa:.......................................................... 13
2.1.3.2. Thnh phn ha hc ca hoa ........................................................... 14
2.1.4. Nm men ......................................................................................... 14
2.1.5. Nc ................................................................................................ 16
2.1.6. Cc nguyn liu ph........................................................................ 16
2.1.6.1. Ch phm enzyme Maturez L ........................................................... 16
2.1.6.2. Nguyn liu ph tr .......................................................................... 17
2.2. Chn dy chuyn sn xut...................................................................... 17
2.3. Thuyt minh dy chuyn sn xut. ................................................. 17
2.3.1. S khi dy chuyn sn xut...................................................... 17
2.3.2. Thuyt minh dy chuyn sn xut ................................................... 18
2.3.2.1. Nghin nguyn liu ........................................................................... 18
2.3.2.2. Qu trnh h ho .............................................................................. 19
2.3.2.3. Qu trnh ng ha ........................................................................ 20
2.3.2.4. Lc dch ng ................................................................................. 21
Nguyn Phi Anh 1 Lp CB901

2.3.2.5. Nu hoa ............................................................................................ 22

2.3.2.6. Lng xoy ......................................................................................... 22
2.3.2.7. Lm lnh nhanh................................................................................ 22
2.3.2.8. Bo ho O2 vo dch ln men .......................................................... 23
2.3.2.9. Cp nm men v tin hnh ln men ................................................. 23
2.3.2.10. Lc bia ............................................................................................ 25
2.3.2.11. Tng tr v n nh tnh cht ca bia thnh phm........................ 26
2.3.2.12. Hon thin sn phm ..................................................................... 26
2.3.3. H thng CIP ca nh my ............................................................. 28
2.3.3.1.H thng CIP ca phn xng nu................................................... 28
2.3.3.2. H thng CIP ca phn xng ln men ........................................... 28
PHN III: TNH CN BNG SN PHM........................................... 30
V LP K HOCH SN XUT .......................................................... 30
Lp k hoch sn xut ................................................................................... 30
3.1. Tnh cn bng sn phm cho bia hi. ............................................. 31
3.1.1. Lng bia v dch ng qua cc cng on: ............................... 31
3.1.2. Tnh nguyn liu cho 100l bia hi 10.50Bx. ................................... 32
3.1.3. Tnh lng b. ................................................................................. 33
3.1.4. Tnh lng nc dng trong qu trnh nu v ra b. .................. 34
3.1.5. Tnh cc nguyn liu khc: ............................................................. 35
3.1.6. Tnh cc sn phm ph ................................................................... 36
3.2. Tnh cn bng sn phm cho bia chai ............................................ 39
3.2.1. Tnh lng bia v lng dch ng qua cc cng on. .............. 39
3.2.2. Tnh lng go, malt cho 100l bia chai 11,5o Bx .......................... 39
3.2.3. Tnh lng b .................................................................................. 40
3.2.4. Tnh lng nc dng trong qu trnh nu v ra b ................... 41
3.2.4.1. Lng nc dng trong qu trnh h ha........................................ 41
3.2.4.2. Lng nc trong qu trnh ng ha .......................................... 41
3.2.4.3. Tnh cc nguyn liu khc ................................................................ 42
3.2.4.4. Tnh cc sn phm ph .................................................................... 43
PHN IV: TNH TON V CHN THIT B .................................... 46
4.1. Thit b trong khu nghin. ............................................................... 46
4.1.1. Cn .................................................................................................. 46
4.1.2. Gu ti............................................................................................. 46
4.1.3. My nghin malt.............................................................................. 47
4.1.4. My nghin go. .............................................................................. 47

4.1.5. My nghin malt lt. ....................................................................... 47

4.1.6. Thit b khc. ................................................................................... 47
4.2. Thit b trong nh nu ..................................................................... 48
4.2.1. Ni h ho ....................................................................................... 48
4.2.2. Ni ng ho................................................................................. 49
4.2.3. Thng lc y bng:............................................................................ 51
4.2.4. Ni nu hoa ......................................................................................... 52
4.2.5. Thng lng xoy: ............................................................................ 53
4.2.6. Thit b lnh nhanh v sc kh. ....................................................... 54
4.2.7. Bm ................................................................................................. 55
4.2.8. Thng nc nng, thng nc lnh. ............................................... 57
4.2.9. H thng CIP....................................................................................... 58
4.3. Thit b trong phn xng ln men ................................................. 59
4.3.1. Tank ln men. .................................................................................. 59
4.3.2. Thit b nhn men ging cp I, cp II. ............................................ 61
4.3.3. Thit b ra men sa kt lng ......................................................... 63
4.3.4. Thit b bo qun men sa. ............................................................. 64
4.3.5. H thng CIP lnh. ......................................................................... 65
4.4. Thit b trong phn xng hon thin ............................................. 65
4.4.1. Thit b lc trong bia ........................................................................... 65
4.4.2. Thng tng tr v bo ho CO2. ..................................................... 66
4.4.3. H thng chit bock......................................................................... 66
4.4.4. H thng chit chai. ........................................................................ 67
4.4.5. My thanh trng: ............................................................................ 68
4.4.6. My dn nhn: ................................................................................ 69
4.4.7. My xp kt: .................................................................................... 69
4.4.8. My ra kt: ........................................................................................ 69
PHN V: TNH NHIT NNG, HI LNH, LNG NC .......... 70
V IN NNG ...................................................................................... 70
5.1. ......................................................................................... TNH HI. 70
5.1.1. Lng hi cp cho ni h ho ........................................................ 71
5.1.2. Lng hi cp cho ni ng ho .................................................. 74
5.1.3. Lng hi cp cho qu trnh un hoa ............................................ 76
5.1.4. Lng hi cp cho thit b un nc nng ..................................... 77
5.1.5. Lng hi cp cho phn xng hon thin .................................... 78
5.1.6. Chn ni hi .................................................................................... 78

5.1.7. Tnh nhin liu cho ni hi. ................................................................ 79

5.2. Tnh lnh cho nh my. ................................................................... 80
5.2.1. Tnh lng nc 2oC dng cho my lnh nhanh ............................ 80
5.2.2. Tnh lnh cho thit b ln men......................................................... 81
5.2.3. Tnh lnh cho thit b nhn men. .................................................... 83
5.2.4. Tnh lnh cp cho thng cha bia....................................................... 85
5.2.5. Chn my lnh. ............................................................................... 86
5.3. Tnh in tiu th cho nh my....................................................... 86
5.3.1. Tnh ph ti chiu sng ................................................................... 86
5.3.1.1.Cch b tr n .................................................................................. 86
5.3.1.2. Tnh ton n chiu sng ................................................................. 87
5.3.2. Tnh ph ti sn xut....................................................................... 94
5.3.3. Xc nh ph ti tiu th thc t ..................................................... 95
5.3.3.1. Ph ti chiu sng. ........................................................................... 95
5.3.3.2. Ph ti ng lc. .............................................................................. 95
5.3.4. Tnh in tiu th hng nm ........................................................... 95
5.3.4.1. in chiu sng: .............................................................................. 95
5.3.4.2. Tng in nng tiu th cho ton nh my hng nm l: ............... 95
5.3.4.3. in nng tiu th thc t ca nh my: ......................................... 95
5.3.5. Chn my bin p................................................................................ 96
5.3.6. Chn my pht in d phng. ....................................................... 96
5.4. Tnh nc cho ton nh my........................................................... 96
5.4.1. Lng nc dng trong phn xng nu. .......................................... 96
5.4.2. Nc dng lm lnh nhanh dch ng..................................... 96
5.4.3. Lng nc dng cho phn xng ln men. .................................. 97
5.4.4. Lng nc dng cho phn xng hon thin sn phm. ............. 97
5.4.5. Lng nc dng cho ni hi. ........................................................ 98
5.4.6. Lng nc cp cho my lnh........................................................ 98
5.4.7. Lng nc dng cho sinh hot v cc cng vic khc. ................ 98
PHN VI: TNH TON XY DNG CHO NH MY ..................... 99
6.1. a im xy dng nh my ........................................................... 99
6.1.1. c im khu t xy dng: ........................................................... 99
6.1.2. c im kh hu ca H Tnh: ...................................................... 99
6.1.3. V sinh cng nghip: ....................................................................... 99
6.2. Thit k tng mt bng nh my ..................................................... 99
6.2.1. Khu vc sn xut chnh ................................................................... 99
6.2.1.1. Phn xng nu ............................................................................... 99

6.2.1.2. Phn xng ln men ....................................................................... 100

6.2.1.3. Phn xng hon thin .................................................................. 100
6.2.2. Khu vc kho bi ............................................................................ 100
6.2.2.1. Kho nguyn liu .............................................................................. 100
6.2.2.2. Kho thnh phm ............................................................................. 100
6.2.2.3. Bi cha chai. ................................................................................ 101
6.2.3. Cc phn xng ph tr sn xut ................................................. 102
6.2.3.1. Trm bin p. ................................................................................. 102
6.2.3.2. Xng c in. ............................................................................... 102
6.2.3.3. Nh t h thng lnh, h thng thu hi CO2 v cp kh nn. ...... 102
6.2.3.4. Phn xng hi. ............................................................................. 102
6.2.3.5. Khu x l nc cp. ....................................................................... 102
6.2.3.6. Khu x l nc thi. ....................................................................... 103
6.2.3.7. Bi chai v, cc ph thi khc. ...................................................... 103
6.2.4. Cc cng trnh khc. ..................................................................... 103
6.2.4.1. Nh hnh chnh. ............................................................................. 103
6.2.4.2. Nh gii thiu sn phm kim qun dch v bia hi ..................... 103
6.2.4.3. Hi trng, nh n v cng tin. ..................................................... 104
6.2.4.4. Gara t. ....................................................................................... 104
6.2.4.7. Nh xe ca nhn vin. ............................................................... 104
6.2.4.8. Nh v sinh. .................................................................................... 105
6.2.4.9. Phng bo v. ................................................................................. 105
6.2.4.10. Sn cu lng gii tr ..................................................................... 105
6.3. B tr cc hng mc cng trnh. .................................................... 106
6.4. Tnh ton v nh gi cc thng s xy dng............................... 107
6.5. Thit k phn xng sn xut chnh ............................................. 107
PHN VII: TNH TON KINH T CHO NH MY....................... 109
7.1. Tng vn u t ban u............................................................... 110
7.1.1. Vn u t xy dng ..................................................................... 110
7.1.2. Vn u t dy chuyn thit b ..................................................... 112
7.1.3. Tin u t mua phng tin vn ti ............................................ 113
7.1.4. Tin u t ban u mua chai, kt, bock ................................. 113
7.1.5. Vn u t cho thu t kinh doanh, sn xut ......................... 114
7.1.6. Tng vn c nh u t cho nh my: ........................................ 114
7.2. Cc chi ph trong nh my ............................................................ 114
7.2.1. Chi ph khu hao ti sn c nh .................................................. 114
7.2.2. Chi ph nguyn liu ....................................................................... 114

7.2.3. Chi ph cho nhin liu ng lc .................................................... 115

7.2.4. Chi ph bo dng ,sa cha ln ................................................. 115
7.2.5. Chi ph nhn cng ......................................................................... 115
7.2.6. Bo him tnh theo lng. ............................................................. 116
7.2.7. Tng chi ph cho c doanh nghip l: .......................................... 117
7.3. Tng doanh thu nh my trong mt nm. ..................................... 117
PHN VIII: AN TON LAO NG V V SINH ........................... 119
8.1. An ton v thit b ......................................................................... 119
8.2. An ton v in ............................................................................. 119
8.3. An ton v hi ............................................................................... 120
8.4. Phng chy v cha chy .............................................................. 120
8.5. Vn v sinh trong nh my....................................................... 120
KT LUN .............................................................................................. 122
TI LIU THAM KHO ...................................................................... 123

LI M U
Bia l mt loi ung gii kht rt c a chung trn th gii cng
nh ti Vit Nam. c sn xut t nguyn liu chnh l Malt i mch, hoa
Houblon, Nc, Nm men, nguyn liu thay th khc. N c hng v ngt nh
c trng cho malt, hng thm v v ng d chu ca hoa houblon, v vy m
ngi ta rt d dng phn bit n vi cac loai ung khc. Vi lp bt mn bia
c tc dng gii kht rt nhanh. Trong bia c cha nhiu cht dinh dng nh
protein, vitamin, cht khong....v rt tt cho h tiu ha, gip cho c th khe
mnh nu liu dng thch hp.
Vi nhng c tnh ca mnh, bia tr thnh mt loi ung hp dn

v c a chung. Trn th gii sn lng bia ngy cng tng phc v nhu
cu ca khch hng. Vit Nam l nc nhit i nng m, bia l loi ung rt
ph hp. Vi dn s ng v nhu cu ngy cng tng, nc ta tr thnh mt th
trng y ha hn cho sn phm bia. Trong nhng nm gn y ngnh cng
nghip sn xut bia Vit Nam c nhng bc chuyn mnh m. Nhiu nh
my bia c thnh lp vi cng sut hng chc triu lt/nm, vi vic p dng
khoa hc k thut tin tin vo sn xut lm cho nng sut cng nh cht lng
ca bia ngy cng c nng cao, nhng vn cha p ng ht nhu cu ca th
trng c v cht lng cng nh s lng. Xut pht t nhu cu thc t, mc
tiu v li ch nn vic xy dng thm cc nh my bia vi thit b hin i cung
cp cho ngi tiu dng mt loai bia c cht lng cao, gi ph hp l cn thit.
Trong bn n ny em thit k nh my bia c nng sut 15 triu

lt/nm. Sn phm bao gm bia hi (6 triu lt/nm) v bia chai (9 triu lt/nm).

PHN I: LP LUN KINH T K THUT
1.1. Hin trng sn xut, tiu th bia trn th gii v Vit Nam
Hin nay bia l mt loi ung rt c a chung trn th gii v sn
lng tiu th ngy cng tng. cc nc pht trin nh c, M...lng bia
sn xut v tiu th hng nm rt ln, sn lng bia ca c t khong 9,5 t
lt, M t khong 24 t lt/nm... Cng ngh sn xut bia cng nh sn phm
bia ca cc nc ny thm nhp vo thm nhp vo th trng ca rt nhiu
nc trn th gii trong c c Vit Nam. Mc tiu th bia bnh qun cc
nc ny kh cao, v d nh M khong 81,6 lt/ngi/nm, c 115,8
lt/ngi/nm.
cc nc Chu tuy hin ti c mc tiu th bia cha cao, trung bnh
khong 20lt/ngi/nm, tr mt s nc nh c t 110 lt/ngi/nm, Nht
Bn t 50 lt/ngi/nm, Hn Quc, Thi Lan t khong 40 lt/ngi/nm....
Nhng y l mt th trng ng dn c ha hn sn phm bia s tng nhanh
vo cc nm sau y. V d nh Trung Quc, n tuy mc tiu th trung bnh
cn thp nhng s dn li ng, sn lng cng gn bng sn lng bia ca
c, M...
Ti Vit Nam bia mi ch xut hin t u th k 20, nhng l mt nc
nm trong vng nhit i cn xch o to iu kin thun li ngnh cng
nghip bia tn ti v ngy cng pht trin. T ban u ch c cc nh my bia
nh l nh my bia H Ni v nh my bia Si Gn, hin nay cc nh my bia
xut hin hu khp cc tnh trong c nc, sn lng ca cc nh my cng
ngy cng tng. Hin ti, mc tiu th bia bnh qun u ngi ca Vit Nam l
cha cao, mc tiu th bia bnh qun u ngi ny ch bng 1/2 so vi Hn
Quc v bng 1/6-1/7 so vi Ireland, c, Sc. Tuy nhin vi mc thu nhp ca
ngi dn tng ln, cng vi s thay i tp qun ung (chuyn t ung ru t
nu sang ung bia) ca ngi dn nhiu vng nng thn th vo nm nay
mc tiu th bia bnh qun u ngi ca Vit Nam c s tng ti 28 lt/nm
v ha hn nhiu tim nng ngnh bia pht trin.
1.2. La chn a im xy dng nh my
a im c la chn cn p ng c yu cu sau:
- Ph hp vi quy hoch chung ca tnh, thnh ph.
- Gn ngun cung cp nguyn liu v th trng tiu th sn phm.
- m bo cc ngun in, nc, nhin liu.

- Ngun nhn lc khng qu khan him.

- Thun tin v mt giao thng.
-V sinh mi trng v x l nc thi.
Da vo nhng yu cu trn em chn a im xy dng nm trn ng
trnh 1B nm cch thnh ph H Tnh 5km v pha Ty thnh ph. a im
c chn rt thun tin cho vic vn chuyn v tiu th sau ny. Cch ngun
nc chnh cung cp cho nh my l p nc K G 3km. Cc khu dn c v
th ang c xy dng v m rng gn nh my. Vic xy dng nh my
bia va gii quyt nhu cu ung ti ch, va em li cng n vic lm cho
ngi lao ng gp phn nng cao i sng x hi. Mt khc. Mng li in
quc gia y cung cp cho c khu vc rt n nh v thun li. Nhin liu
dng cho l hi c th dng than .
1.3. Vng nguyn liu
- Nguyn liu chnh u tin sn xut bia l malt i mch c th nhp
ngoi t c, an Mch, c... Hoa houblon nhp t M, c, Trung Quc...
di dng cao hoa v hoa vin v cc kho, cng Hi Phng ri t vn
chuyn v nh my rt thun tin.
- Nguyn liu thay th l go c th mua ngay trong tnh hoc t cc tnh
ln cn nh Ngh An, Thanh Ha vi gi thnh hp l, cht lng m bo vn
chuyn v nh my ch yu bng t.
- Nh my s dng ngun nc t h cha nc K G theo ng ng
dn nc ca nh my nc ca thnh ph. Nc y khng b nhim, cht
lng nc rt tt tuy nhin tt c u phi qua x l lc, lng v lm mm
nc ri mi dng cho sn xut v cc hot ng khc ca nh my.
1.4. Th trng tiu th sn phm
Bia nh my sn xut ra ch yu cung cp cho tnh H Tnh. Sn phm
c chit chai, bock v vn chuyn bng t n cc i l tiu th chnh ca
nh my.
1.5. Ngun cung cp in, nc, lnh
- Ngun in: S dng in li ca mng li in quc gia chy qua
khu vc. Mng li in ny cung cp 24/24 gi trong ngy, nhng phng
s c mng li, nh my b tr mt trm bin th v s dng thm my pht
in d phng.

- Ngun nc: Trong nh my nc c dng vo cc mc ch khc

nhau: x l nguyn liu, nc nu nguyn liu, nc ra chai, nc v sinh thit
b, v sinh nh my... Nc nu bia cn p ng y cc ch tiu cho cng
ngh sn xut bia. Do nc phi i qua mt h thng x l ng k thut
trc khi cp cho sn xut.
- Nh my cng cn t h thng lnh, h thng thu hi CO 2 v cp kh
nn ph hp vi cng sut ca nh my cp lnh cho hot ng sn xut
ca nh my. H thng lnh c th s dng tc nhn lnh l NH3 hay Freon, cht
ti lnh s dng glycol hay nc mui.
1.6. Ngun cung cp nhin liu
Nhin liu s dng trong nh my l do ni hi cung cp phc v cho cc
mc ch khc nhau nh nu nguyn liu, thanh trng... Nh my s dng nhin
liu l than.
1.7. Ngun nhn lc
a im xy dng nh my cch khng xa cc khu dn c, gn cc tuyn
giao thng i ti cc vng th trung tm nh thnh ph H Tnh, thnh ph
Vinh nn c ngun nhn lc di do. Cc cn b, k s c trnh t chc
chuyn mn phi c o to trnh qun l, iu hnh. Cc cng nhn c
th tuyn chn lao ng ph thng, hc ngh cc vng dn c xung quanh
m bo c yu cu v ni , sinh hot.
1.8. Giao thng vn ti
Nh my gn trc giao thng nn thun tin cho vn chuyn nguyn nhin
vt liu n nh my, v vn chuyn sn phm phn phi cho cc i l, ca
hng tiu th bng ng b.
1.9. V sinh mi trng, x l nc thi
Bn cnh cn phi xy dng khu x l nc thi x l nc thi
ca nh my trnh gy nhim n mi trng xung quanh.

PHN II: NGUYN LIU V YU CU V NGUYN LIU

2.1. Nguyn liu dng trong sn xut bia
Nguyn liu chnh u tin dng cho sn xut bia trong nh my l malt
i mch, hoa houblon, nguyn liu thay th, nm men, nc v mt s ho cht
khc.
2.1.1. Malt i mch
Malt i mch l nguyn liu chnh dng sn xut bia. Khong 1/3 i
mch trn th gii c trng sn xut bia. i mch thng c gieo trng
vo ma ng hay ma xun, c trng nhiu c, an Mch, Php
Ht i mch tri qua qu trnh ngm, m mm s tr thnh ht malt
ti, ht malt ti li tip tc qua qu trnh sy, tch r v nh bng s tr
thnh ht malt kh tiu chun c th bo qun di ngy trong iu kin kh, mt
v c s dng sn xut bia. Trong qu trnh x l ht i mch tr thnh
ht malt hon thin h enzyme trong ht c hot ha v tng cng hot
lc, c bit l h enzyme thy phn thc hin qu trnh chuyn ha cc cht
cao phn t to ra cht chit ca dch ng.
Hin nay, cc c s sn xut bia nc ta thng s dng loi malt c
ngun gc ch yu t c hoc mt s nc chu u nh: c, an Mch...
Malt dng trong sn xut bia cn m bo mt s yu cu:
* Ch tiu cm quan:
- Mu sc: ht malt vng c mu vng rm, sng ng nh.
- Mi v: mi v c trng cho malt vng l v ngt nh hay ngt du, c hng
thm c trng, khng c c mi v l.
- sch ca malt cho php l 0,5% ht gy v, 1% cc tp cht khc.
* Ch s c hc:
- Trng lng kh tuyt i: 37-40g/1000ht
- Dung trng: 680-750g/l
- m: 4-5%
- Hm lng cht chit: 80-85% cht kh
* Thnh phn chnh:

Bng 2.1: Bng cc thnh phn chnh c trong malt
STT Thnh phn ho hc ca malt % cht kh

1 Tinh bt 58-65
2 ng kh 4
3 Cht khong 2,5
4 Cellulose 6
5 Cc cht cha nit 10
6 Cht bo 2,5
2.1.2. Go
Cc ch tiu k thut ca go:
- ng nht v kch thc
- Mu sc trng ng nht, khng c ht b mc, mi, mt, mi hi
- Tp cht khng qu 2%.
- m t 12-14%
- ho tan 75-85%
Thnh phn chnh ca go:
Bng 2.1: Bng cc thnh phn chnh trong go:
STT Thnh phn % cht kh

1 Tinh bt 75
2 Protein 6-8
3 Cht bo 1-1,5
4 Cellulose 0,5-0,8
5 Cht khong 1-1,2

2.1.3. Hoa houblon

Hoa houblon l nguyn liu c bn c tm quan trng th hai sau malt, n
khng th thiu trong sn xut bia, hin cha c nguyn liu no c th thay th
c. Hoa houblon gp phn quan trng to ra mi v c trng v tng bn
sinh hc ca bia. N to cho bia v ng du, hng thm rt c trng, lm tng
kh nng to v gi bt, lm tng bn keo v n nh thnh phn sinh hc ca
bia. Cc hp cht c gi tr trong hoa phi k n cht ng, polyphenol v tinh
du thm ngoi ra cn mt s hp phn khc nhng khng mang nhiu ngha
trong cng ngh sn xut bia.
Trong cng ngh sn xut bia, ngi ta ch s dng hoa ci cha th
phn. Trong cnh hoa v nh hoa c cha cc ht lupulin l ngun gc chnh to
ra cht ng v tinh du thm ca hoa houblon.
Hoa houblon c nh my s dng di 2 dng: hoa vin v cao hoa.
- Hoa vin: hoa houblon sau khi x l s b, c nghin v p thnh cc vin
nh, xp vo cc ti polyetylen hn kn ming tin cho vic bo qun cng
nh vn chuyn.
- Cao hoa: trch ly cc tinh cht trong hoa bng cc dung mi hu c (toluen,
benzen... ), sau c c thu ly ch phm dng cao.
2.1.3.1. Cc ch tiu k thut ca hoa:
a. Tiu chun i vi cao hoa
- Ch tiu cm quan:
Cao hoa c dng keo, mu vng h phch.
mi thm c bit, d bay hi, d nhn mi.
V ng r rt.
- Ch tiu ha hc:
Hm lng - axit ng: 30%.
Tan ht v c th to kt ta lng nhanh khi un si vi nc. Hoa thm
r rt, v ng du.
Hoa cao ng trong cc hp kn, chc chn d m, bao b khng lm nh
hng n cht lng sn phm. Bo qun hoa cao trong kho lnh nhit 5-
10 oC.
b. Tiu chun i vi hoa vin

- Ch tiu cm quan:
Hoa vin c mu xanh l m.
Mi thm c bit, d bay hi, d nhn mi, v ng du.
Hnh dng: vin n, khng v vn.
- Ch tiu ha hc:
Loi vin c hm lng - axit ng 8%.
C kh nng to kt ta lng nhanh khi un si vi nc nha, lm trong
nc nha, to mi hoa thm r rt, v ng du.
Hoa vin c ng bao b bn chc, d m, bao b khng lm nh hng
n cht lng hoa.
2.1.3.2. Thnh phn ha hc ca hoa
Bng 2.1: Thnh phn ha hc ca hoa:
STT Thnh phn % cht kh

1 m 10-11
2 Cht ng 15-21
3 Polyphenol 2-5
4 Tinh du thm 0,5-1,5
5 Cellulose 12-14
6 Cht khong 5-8
7 Protein 15-17
8 Cc hp cht khc 26-28
2.1.4. Nm men
- c im: Nm men thng dng ln men hin nay l loi nm men
chm Saccharomyces carlbergensis, t bo nm men hnh cu hay bu dc, kch
thc trung bnh l 3-15m, sinh sn ch yu bng phng thc ny chi, ln
men iu kin nhit thp( nhit ti u l 8-100C), n c kh nng ln
men cc loi ng glucose, fructose, maltose, rafinose... vo cui qu trnh ln
men n kt lng xung di y do tnh cht to chm ca t bo, thun li cho
vic tch men sau qu trnh ln men quay vng ti s dng nm men v qu
trnh ln men tip theo.

- Ngun men ging: Nm men cp cho qu trnh ln men c th ly t

chng gc tri qua hai giai on nhn men trong phng th nghim v nhn men
sn xut. Trong giai on nhn men trong phng th nghim chng nm men gc
c bo qun dng ng kh hay bo qun trong cc ng thch nghing c
cy chuyn ra bnh tam gic 100ml, ri sang bnh 1000ml, bnh 5l, bnh 20l
trong mi trng nc chit malt c b sung thm cc cht dinh dng ch yu
l dng mui khong. Mi cp cy chuyn nui trong thi gian 24h. Sang giai
on nhn ging sn xut nm men c nui trong cc canh trng c dung
tch tng dn 100l, 300l... cho n khi lng cp cho ln men. Trong giai
on mi trng dinh dng nui nm men thng dng trc tip dch
ng sau lnh nhanh t phn xng nu c b sung thm cc cht dinh dng,
nhit nhn ging l 8-10C, trong qu trnh nui c sc kh thi gian u
nm men pht trin sinh khi mnh. Mt dch men ging sau nhn ging phi
t khong 100-120triu t bo/ml. Ngoi ra cn ti s dng sa men kt lng
sau ln men. Sau khi ln men chnh, ngi ta tin hnh tho sa men. Thng
thng c 1000 lt dch cho khong 20 lt dch sinh khi nm men st, m 85-
88%. Dch chia lm 3 lp: lp di cng l lp cn bn, lp trn cng l lp t
bo cht thng dng lm thc n cho gia sc, ch c lp gia c mu trng
ng l nm men sch, c th ti s dng. Men sa ny mun s dng phi tri
qua qu trnh ra sa men gt b cc t bo cht v cn lng khc bng nc
lnh v trng 40C. Sau phi kim tra xc nh hot tnh v cht lng ri
bo qun trong nc lnh 0-2C. S ln ti s dng men sa khong 6-8 ln, ty
thuc vo cht lng nm men.
D s dng i vi bt k chng nm men no dng trong sn xut bia th
cng cn p ng cc yu cu sau:
- Tc ln men nhanh.
- S dng ng c hiu qu, to cn cao.
- C kh nng chu cn, chu p sut thm thu, oxy, nhit , v nng
CO2 ph hp vi tng nh my.
- C kh nng kt bong v kt lng tt.
- C kh nng sng st cao cho mc ch ti s dng.
- Sn phm to ra bao gm cc hp cht hng v v c trng cho bia.
- c tnh di truyn n nh cao.

2.1.5. Nc
Nh ta bit trong qu trnh sn xut bia, nc c s dng rng ri
trong mi khu, t cc cng on chnh nh nu, lc, cung cp cho l hi ... n
cc khu v sinh. Trong thnh phn bia, nc cng chim mt lng ln (85-
90%). Thnh phn v tnh cht ca nc nh hng trc tip n ton b qu
trnh cng ngh v cht lng thnh phm. Bi vy, nc dng trong sn xut
bia phi c cht lng tt, p ng c cc ch tiu quan trng:
cng ca nc t mn n trung bnh.
Khng mu, khng mi, khng v.
pH : 6.9- 7.5.
Hm lng mui cacbonat khng qu 50mg/l.
Hm lng mui Mg+2 khng qu 100mg/l.
Hm lng mui clorua 75-150 mg/l.
Hm lng CaSO4 150-200 mg/l.
NH3 v mui NO2 khng c.
Hm lng ion st 2 khng qu 0,3 mg/l.
Vi sinh vt khng qu 100tb/ml.
Nc ra b cn phi iu chnh kim < 50 mg/l v pH = 6,5
khng chit cc cht khng mong mun t b. pH ca dch ng trc khi nu
l 5,4 thu c dch ng sau khi nu l 5,2.
Nc ra nm men phi c tit trng v loi b mi l.
2.1.6. Cc nguyn liu ph
2.1.6.1. Ch phm enzyme Maturez L
Bn cht l alpha acetolactat decacboxylaza b sung vo trong qu trnh
ln men ph c tc dng xc tc qu trnh decacboxyl ha alpha acetolactat ti
acetoin. Ch phm ny c sn xut t vi khun Bacillus subtilise v
Enterobacter aerogenese. N c s dng trong qu trnh ln men ngn
chn s to thnh diacetyl, do gim lng diacetyl to thnh, rt ngn thi
gian bia.

2.1.6.2. Nguyn liu ph tr

Cc ha cht c s dng m bo tiu chun dng cho thc phm, phi
c ngun gc xut x r rng. Bo qun ni kh ro thong mt, trnh nh
nng mt tri.
a. Nhm ha cht ra: NaOH 2%, P3 trimeta 2%, Oxonia 0,5%. Dng
trung ha, v sinh v ty ra (CIP).
b. Axit: S dng Axit lactic iu chnh pH ca dch trong qu trnh
ng ha
c.Mui: S dng mui tinh khit CaCl2 b sung vo dch ng ha bo v
Enzym khi tc ng nhit v iu chnh cng ca nc.
d. Cht tr lc: Trong bia, cc cht tr lc c dng kh ph bin, nhng
hin nay hay dng nht l Diatomit v Pectit.
2.2. Chn dy chuyn sn xut
Qu trnh nu bia c th chia lm cc giai on chnh:
- Nghin nguyn liu.
- H ha.
- ng ho.
- Lc dch ng.
- Nu hoa.
- Lng xoy.
- Lm lnh dch ng v b sung O2.
- Ln men.
- Lc bia.
- Bo CO2 v tng tr bia.
- Hon thin sn phm.
2.3. Thuyt minh dy chuyn sn xut.
2.3.1. S khi dy chuyn sn xut.

2.3.2. Thuyt minh dy chuyn sn xut

2.3.2.1. Nghin nguyn liu

- Nghin malt
Malt c vo phu hng chn gu ti th nht, c gu ti ny a
ln thit b cn malt, sau xung phu hng ca gu ti th hai v c a
ln vo thng cha. Khi malt t thng cha i xung ng hnh tr t ngay
trn my nghin th c phun nc 63C t di ln trong khong 40s. Ti
khoang nghin vn tip tc phun nc 32C nhm mc ch cun sch malt khi
trc nghin, v ha tan cc hp cht trong matl vo nc. Nc 32C kt hp
vi nc 63C trn to hn hp dch c nhit khong 40-42C trc khi
vo ni ng ha.
- Nghin go
Go c vo phu hng v c gu ti a ln xung my nghin
ba, bt go sau nghin c a vo phu hng ca gu ti tip theo v c
a ln cao, c vt ti a qua thit b phi trn vi nc m ri vo ni
h ho. Bt go trong qu trnh c qut gi thi v gu ti vn chuyn sinh ra
nhiu bi nn nhng v tr ny c b tr ng ng thng vi ti lc v xyclon
tch bi.
- Nghin malt lt
Malt lt c nghin ring trong my nghin trc theo phng php nghin
kh ri c ng bao. Khi nu malt lt c trc tip vo ni h ho bng
ca trn np ni.
2.3.2.2. Qu trnh h ho
Trc khi nu, tin hnh v sinh thit b bng nc nng, dng khong 4hl
nc lt ni. Bt go c phi trn vi nc m t nhit dch khong
40-42C trc khi cho vo ni vi t l: bt/nc = 1/5. Bt cnh khuy, b sung
axt lactic h pH ca hn dch xung khong 5,5 5,6. Cho malt lt vo ni
vi lng bng 10% lng go v b sung thm nc t l: bt/nc = 1/5.
Bt c trn u v gi nhit 40-42C trong khong 15 pht tinh bt
ht nc trng n. Cp hi nng t t nhit ca khi dch ln 72C v
gi trong khong 25 pht. Tip tc nng nhit ca khi dch ln 83C v gi
trong 5 pht thc hin qu trnh h ho tinh bt go. Sau b sung nc
cng vi 10% lng malt cn li vo ni h nhit xung 72 0 C v gi
nhit trong khong 25 pht. Cui cng cp hi un si khi dch v gi trong
khong 15 pht trc khi bm sang ni malt. Vic nng nhit m bo 10/1pht.

S h ha:
Bt go + nc 420 C, malt lt (b sung ), axit

lactic, gi trong 15 pht
Nng nhit ln 720C, gi trong 25 pht
Nng nhit ln 830C,gi trong 5 pht
H nhit xung 720C, cho matl lt, gi trong 25

pht
Bm sang ni ng ha
2.3.2.3. Qu trnh ng ha
Trc khi nghin 10 pht th v sinh ni malt, b sung 4hl nc lt ni
sau y bt u nghin malt v cho vo ni ng ho. Bt cnh khuy o
trn u dch malt. B sung axit lactic v CaCl2 axit lactic h pH ca dch
xung 5,45,5 thun li cho hot ng ca h enzyme thu phn. Nng nhit
khi dch ln 50-52C v gi trong khong 10 pht. Bm dch cho t nhit
si v gi trong 15 pht sang ni malt ho trn vi dch bt malt, khi nhit
ca hn dch s vo khong 63-65C, thi gian bm cho khong 10 pht,
gi nhit ny 15 pht. Tip tc nng nhit khi dch ln 75C v gi
trong khong 20 pht. Kim tra tinh bt st ni malt bng Iot,khi ni malt
khng cn tinh bt st, tip tc nng nhit khi dch ln 76C ri bm sang
thng lc.

S ng ha:
Dch nghin malt, axit lactic, CaCl2
Hi cho, nhit tng 650C, gi trong 15p
Nng ln 760C
Bm sang ni lc
2.3.2.4. Lc dch ng
Lc dch ng c 2 giai on: giai on th nht l lc tch dch ng
ra khi b, giai on 2 l ra b rt nt phn cht ho tan cn st li trong b.
Tin hnh lc:
Trc khi tin hnh lc, thng lc cn c v sinh k bng nc. Ca
tho b v cc van x dch phi ng cht. Bm nc nng 78C vo cc ng
dn dch ui khng kh ng thi bm ti y khong khng gia hai y
ca thng lc. Dch ng t ni ng ho sau khi c trn u, c bm
mt ln sang thng lc, ng thi h thng co b hot ng dn u lp b
trn mt y gi. Sau khi ht dch ng h thng cnh o b c nng ln
cao. Dch ng c yn 20 pht b kt lng to thnh lp lc. Sau
m van thu dch ng, ban u dch ng cn c nn ta cho hi lu tr li
thng lc trong khong 15 pht u. Khi dch ng bt u trong th kho van
hi lu, dch ng c a ngay sang ni nu hoa. Nu ni hoa cha sn sng
th dch ng c a sang ni trung gian c v bo n cha tm. Lc u tc
lc nhanh, v sau tc lc chm dn do mng lc b bt lm tng tr lc khi
cn ngng qu trnh lc dng h thng co b to li lp mng lc. Dng p

k kim tra tc lc. Thi gian lc khong 90 pht. Sau tin hnh ra
b.
Tin hnh ra b gin on lm 2 ln, nc ra b c nhit 78C. Sau
khi thu ht dch ng, kho van x dch:
+ Ln th nht: cp 60% lng nc ra b
+ Ln th hai: cp 40% lng nc ra b
Cho cnh khuy quay lm ti lp b gii phng cht tan cn lu trong b
vo dch. yn 10 pht th tho dch, dch ny cng c bm sang ni hoa
vi dch lc trc . Kt thc qu trnh ra b hm lng ng trong b cn
0,5-1Bx. Thi gian ra b khong 90-100 pht.
2.3.2.5. Nu hoa
Thit b un hoa c v sinh sch s trc mi m nu. Dch t thng lc
hoc thng trung gian c bm qua thit b trao i nhit nng nhit ca
dch lc ln khong 950C, nhm tit kim hi, sau c bm sang ni nu
hoa houblon. Sau nng dn nhit lm dch si mnh. Khi dch si khong
5 pht th cho ton b lng hoa cao vo ni. Sau khi dch si c khong 30
pht th cho 1/2 lng hoa vin vo ni. Trc khi kt thc un hoa 10 pht th
b sung nt 1/2 lng hoa vin vo ni. Vic b sung hoa lm hai ln nhm mc
ch to hng tt hn cho bia, bi v trong qu trng un hoa lng tinh du
thm s tn hao 80-90%. V vy vic b sung lm hai ln s gim tn tht.
Kt thc qu trnh nu hoa: ha tan: 12 0 P, pH = 5,2-5,4
Thi gian un hoa si khong 70 pht.
2.3.2.6. Lng xoy
Dch ng c bm cao 1/3 so vi chiu cao dch trong thng v
c bm theo phng tip tuyn vi thn thng vi vn tc 12-14m/s, di tc
dng ca lc ly tm v trng lc cc cn lng v b hoa tch ra tp trung gia
thng v lng xung y. Dch ra khi thng c nhit khong 90C c bm
sang thit b lm lnh nhanh. Ban u dch c ly ra thn thng theo
phng tip tuyn cn v sau c ly y. Cn tp trung y thng khi
bm ht dch c xi nc x b ra ngoi. Thi gian lng xoy khong 50
pht. Kt thc lng xoy th v sinh thit b bng nc nng.
2.3.2.7. Lm lnh nhanh
Sau khi ra khi thng lng xoy, dch ng c nhit 90C, c dn
vo my lnh nhanh kiu tm bn. Nc lnh 2C c i theo chiu ngc li

t mng dn vo pha trni qua cc khong trng m dch ng khng i

qua ri ra mng dn pha trn i din. Nc lnh qua trao i nhit vi dch
ng tr thnh nc nng 70-80C c thu hi v thng nc nng a i
phc v cho qu trnh nu. Dch ng sau khi lm lnh c nhit khong 9
o
C.
2.3.2.8. Bo ho O2 vo dch ln men
Sau khi ra khi my lnh nhanh, dch ng c nhit 9C dch ng
c b sung oxy di dng khng kh nn sc vo ng ng cp dch ng
i ln men. Khng khi c ht qua mng lc, i qua thp ra, qua hp ph
bng than hot tnh, lc xp, kh trng trc khi np vo dch. Khng kh nn
sau khi c lm sch v kh trng c b sung xui theo chiu ng ng
dn dch ng vo thng ln men. Lng oxy cung cp phi va khong
6mg/l.
+ Nu lng oxy qu nhiu s dn ti trng hp nm men s s dng
nhiu ng to lng sinh khi khng cn thit v vy s lm gim hiu sut
ln men.
+ Nu thiu oxy cng khng tt v nh vy s khng mt t bo cho
qu trnh ln men, nm men s chng gi xy ra hin tng .
2.3.2.9. Cp nm men v tin hnh ln men
a. Chn b nm men.
Men ging m nh my s dng c nui cy t chng
Saccharomyces carlsbergensis. Sau men ging c bo qun nhit 50C
trong tank bo qun men ging. Thi gian tr men khng qu 1 ngy, sau s
c chuyn vo tank ln men. Bn cnh cng ty cn thu hi v ti s dng
men sa: Khi kt thc ln men chnh, tin hnh h nhit xung 5oC thu hi
men sa. Lng men sa thu c c mu trng sa c bo qun trong tank
bo qun men ging v c ti s dng n i th 8 th loi b.
b. Ln men chnh.
-Tin hnh np dch ng.
Nh my s dng phng php ln men gia tc trong cc thng hnh tr-
y cn kn, c kh nng to bt v gi bt tt, thu hi CO2 t thng ln men.
Thit b ln men c v sinh sch s trc khi ln men. Trc khi bm
dch ng vo tank, tin hnh m van trn nh tank, bm kh CO 2 t di y
tank ln ui ht khng kh trong tank n khi thy mi CO2 bay ra l c.
Tin hnh bm dch ng vo tank. Khi m u tin c bm vo tank ln

men, tin hnh np ng thi ton b lng nm men ging v b sung enzym
Maturex vo tank. Khi m dch u tin c bm xong th lng men cng
c bm ht. Mc ch ca vic tip men ngay t u l gip cho nm men
thch nghi dn vi dch ln men ng thi vi mt nm men ban u ln s
hn ch c s nhim tp. Sau tin hnh bm dch cho n khi y tank ln
men v n khi tip lng dch th lng sinh khi cng cho qu trnh ln
men.
Khong cch gia cc m np dch cho 1 tank ln men l 3 3,5 gi/ m
dch v nhit ca cc m l:
- M 1 v 2: 6.0 6.50C
- M 3 v 4: 6.5 7.00C
Mt t bo nm men cp vo khong 30 triu t bo/ml dch.
- Qu trnh ln men:
Sau khi kt thc qu trnh nhn dch, ta duy tr p sut cho tank p sut
kh quyn, cho chy lnh 1 hoc 2 khoang trn cng duy tr nhit 9 0C. Tc
nhn lnh l glycol -20C. Nhn vin k thut s tin hnh iu chnh ng m
van cp glycol iu khin nhit ca tank theo yu cu trong sut qu trnh
ln men.
Thng thng ch cn m 1 khoang lnh trn cng ca tank ln men vi
mc ch to ra s chnh lch nhit gia cc khoang, nh to ra s i
lu, nm men s chuyn ng t di ln trn, tng b mt tip xc gia nm
men v c cht. ng thi trong qu trnh ln men CO2 to ra bm vo b mt
ca nm men di dng bt kh. Khi lng CO2 to ra nhiu ln n s ko
theo t bo nm men ni ln trn b mt, bt kh v ra nm men li ri xung.
C nh vy m nm men c o trn, gip qu trnh ln men din ra nhanh
hn v u hn. Trng hp qu trnh ln men xy ra mnh, nhit tng nhanh
cn m c 2 khoang trn cng khng ch nhit khng tng qu cao. Trong
qu trnh ln men chnh lng CO2 to ra nhiu, khi phng KCS kim tra thy
CO2 t tinh khit > 99 % th bo cho t ph tr bit tin hnh thu hi
CO2 (thng th ta tin hnh thu CO2 sau khong 15 16h k t khi bt u np
y dch). Qu trnh thu hi CO2 kt thc khi ng dch ln men cn 3,0-
3,50Plato, khi ng van thu CO2 v tip tc ln men. Lc ny duy tr p sut
trong tank l 0.7-0,8 bar. Khi hm lng ng trong dch cn 2.8-3,00P th
chuyn sang ch ln men ph. Lc ny p sut t cho tank vn l 0,7-0,8bar
v h nhit ca tank xung 50C v tin hnh thu men sa. Thi gian ln men
chnh khong 5 ngy i vi ma h v 7 ngy i vi ma ng.

Trong qu trnh ln men chnh c 1 ngy th cng nhn x cn mt ln,

cn y ch yu l xc nm men, cc prtin, keo ca hoa... lng xung y
tank. Cc cn ny thng c mu vng xm v qu trnh x cn kt thc khi c
men sa xut hin. Qu trnh x cn c thc hin vo u ca sng mi ngy.
- Qu trnh thu men sa.
Sau khi h nhit trong tank ln men xung 50C v p sut t 0,7 bar,
lc ny nm men kt lng xung y tank ln men ta tin hnh m van x y
v thu hi men sa vo tank bo qun men ging ti s dng cho ln sau.
c. Ln men ph.
Khi kt thc qu trnh ln men chnh ta chuyn sang ln men ph. Nhit
ca qu trnh ln men ph l 50C v gi p sut 0,7-0,8 bar. Trong sut thi
gian ln men ph, c 2 ngy tin hnh x cn men 1 ln, sau 12 15 ngy v khi
kim tra thy ng 2,50 Plato th h nhit xung 20C v gi nhit
ny trong khong 3 ngy, v cui cng h nhit xung 0 0C v gi nhit
ny tng tr n khi thu bia i lc. giai on ny tc ln men chm hn,
nm men tip tc s dng phn ng cn li trong dch ln men to thnh CO 2
v cc sn phm bc 2 lm hng v ca bia c hon thin hn (lm trong bia,
kh diaxetyl, lm chn v n nh bia). Lng CO2 to ra di tc dng ca
nhit thp s ho tan vo dch ln men. Nu lng CO2 ny khng ta c
th b sung thm.
Mt chu k ln men 22 ngy. Trong qu trnh ln men, theo nguyn tc
mi ngy phi ly mu mt ln kim tra cc yu t sau: pH, ng,
chua, ng, hm lng diaxetyl v soi t bo nm men xem qu trnh ln men
c din ra bnh thng hay khng. Nu pH ca dch ln men tng ngha l dch
ln men c th b nhim vi khun lactic hoc axetic. Cn soi t bo nm men
bit mt t bo nm men, t l ny chi v c im hnh thi ca t bo.
2.3.2.10. Lc bia
Trc khi lc bia th bia c h nhit xung 00C gim tn tht
CO2 khi lc. Qu trnh lc bia c thc hin nh thit b lc nn inox.
Qu trnh lc bia gm cc giai on sau:
- Bm nc bi kh vo y thit b ui kh.
- Ha bt tr lc vi nc v bm tun hon vo thit b trong khong 10
pht cho ti khi lp lc th nht c hnh thnh. Lp lc th 2 cng s c
ph tip theo bng cch tng t.
- Lc bia t thng ln men.

- Trong qu trnh lc thng xuyn b xung bt tr lc, phi ch n lu

lng vo, ra ca my v n s lm cho p sut tng ln v lp lc s b bung ra.
- Kt thc qu trnh lc, dng nc bi kh y bia ra khi my lc.
- Sc kh t pha bn trong nn lc tch lp bt lc v cn bn ra khi
nn lc
- S dng nc c kt hp sc kh nn ra nh k.
- Cui cng ra li ton b h thng ng ng v my lc bng nc
nng chun b cho ln lc tip theo.
Bia sau lc c bm sang cc tank cha bia trong n nh v bo ha
CO2.
2.3.2.11. Tng tr v n nh tnh cht ca bia thnh phm
- Mc ch: Tng cht lng cm quan ca bia, chng oxy ha, chng kt
lng, tng thi gian bo qun bia, n nh cc thnh phn trong bia...
Qu trnh tng tr, n nh bia v bo ha CO2 din ra nh sau:
Bm mt lng CO2 vo trc y ht khng kh c trong tank ra
ngoi, trnh khng bia b oxy ha do tip xc vi O 2 ng thi to p sut
ln hn ch s gii phng CO2 ra khi bia. Sau bm bia lc vo tank t
di ln. Trong qu trnh bm CO2 c b sung vo bia nh cc ng ng
dn di kt hp vi cc on ni. Lng CO2 bo ha cho ti khi hm lng
CO2 trong bia t 3,5 4 g/l i vi bia hi v 4,5 5 g/l i vi bia chai.
Trong qu trnh tng tr bia, duy tr p sut trong tank 1,8 kg/cm2 CO2
ha tan ht vo bia. Cc thng c b tr h thng lm lnh sao cho h nhit
ca bia xung 0 20 C.
2.3.2.12. Hon thin sn phm
* Hon thin sn phm bia hi
Bia hi c chit bock phc v cho nhu cu trong ngy ca cc ca
hng, i l cc vng ln cn. Nh vy v nguyn tc m ni th bia chit bock
trc khng cn b sung thm CO2. Qu trnh chit bock tun theo nguyn
tc chit ng p m bo yu cu: rt y th tch thng bock, khng si bt
v hao ph bia t nht.
* Hon thin sn phm bia chai
Bia sau mt thi gian tng tr c bm sang phn xng chit chai
np vo cc chai. Chai ng bia c lm t cc loi thy tinh cht lng cao
c mu nu hay xanh nht ngn cn cc tia bc x mt tri chiu vo gy cho
bia c mi l, ng thi lm mt mu bia.

S dy chuyn chit chai:
D kt Gp chai ra Ra chai
Ra kt Kim tra chai
rng
Xp kt Gp chai vo Chit chai
ket
Xp palet Kim tra y
In nhn Dn nhn Thanh trng
Thuyt minh s : H thng chit chai gm mt s cng on chnh sau:

- Ra chai: chai c ngm trong nc nng trc, k tip c ra bng
xt nng, sau qua gin phun nc, h thng thi kh lm kh ri i qua b
phn soi chai trc khi a sang my chit chai.
- Chit chai: qu trnh chit chai cng tun theo nguyn tc chit ng p,
sau chai c dp nt, ra khi my chit chai chai qua b phn soi chai trc
khi vo thanh trng.
- Thanh trng: mc ch ca qu trnh ny l nhm dit nm men cn st
nng cao bn sinh hc ca bia.
Thit b thanh trng thng c nhiu khoang, mi khoang phun nc
nng mt nhit khc nhau. Nhit ti a thanh trng khong 63 oC.
Qu trnh thanh trng cn m bo nhit ca chai i vo v i ra khi thit b
l bng nhau, ng thi khng qu chnh lch so vi nhit mi trng.
- Bia sau thanh trng s theo bng ti vo b phn dn nhn, bn ch, sau
qua my xp kt v lu kho hoc a ngay n cc ni tiu th.

2.3.3. H thng CIP ca nh my
2.3.3.1.H thng CIP ca phn xng nu
Thng 1: NaOH 2%
Thng 2: Trimeta HC 2% (thng dng cho ln CIP u tin)
Thng 3: CIP hi
Thng 4: nc nng
Cch tin hnh:
Trng s b H2O nng, 5-10
Ty ra chnh NaOH 2% T=
0
H80 C, 60
2O nng, 5-10
Trng sch
2.3.3.2. H thng CIP ca phn xng ln men

Thng 1: NaOH 2%
Thng 2: Trimeta HC 2%
Thng 3: Cha cht st trng Oxonia 0,5%
Thng 4: CIP hi

a. V sinh ng ng, my lc, my chit.

Trng s b H2O nng, 5-10
Ty ra chnh NaOH 2% T0
Trng sch thng 60

H2O lnh, 15-20
Kh trng Oxonia0,5%, T
Trng sch Hthng 20

2O lnh, 15-20
b. V sinh thit b ln men, tank bo qun men ging.
X p, m van nh ui CO2
Trng s b H2O thng, 10-15
Ty ra chnh NaOH 2% T0 thng 60
Trng sch H2O thng, 15-20
Ty, trung ha Trimeta HC 2%, 60
Trng sch H2O thng, 15-20
Kh trng Oxonia0,5%, 45
Trng sch H2O lnh, 15-20

PHN III: TNH CN BNG SN PHM

V LP K HOCH SN XUT
Nh my c nng sut 15 triu lt/nm vi 6 triu lt bia hi v 9 triu lt
bia chai.
Bia hi c nng dch ng trc khi ln men l 10,5Bx.
Bia chai c nng dch ng trc khi ln men l 11,5Bx.
S dng nguyn liu thay th l go vi t l thay th l 20%
Lp k hoch sn xut
Do nc ta nm trong khu vc nhit i gi ma, min Bc kh hu c
4 ma rt khc nhau v vy m nhu cu tiu th bia cc ma cng khc nhau.
Ma h do thi tit nng nc nn nhu cu s dng bia cao, trong khi ma ng
do thi tit lnh nhu cu v bia gim. Do nh my phi c k hoch sn xut
mt cch hp l lng bia sn xut ra tiu th ht trnh lng ph.
Bng k hoch sn xut ca nh my:
Qu I II III IV
Tng nng sut d kin (triu lt) 3 6 3 3
Tnh ton thit b s c tnh theo qu c nng sut ln nht:
Nng sut ln nht mt thng:
6 triu lt /3(thng) = 2 triu lt/ thng.
Nng sut ln nht mt ngy:
2.000.000/25 = 80.000(lt)
Mi ngy nu 4 m, nng sut ln nht mt m khong:
80.000/4 = 20.000(lt)
T l bia hi : bia chai = 2 : 3
Do vy c 2 ngy sn xut bia hi th 3 ngy sn sut bia chai.
Trong qu trnh sn sut, tn tht cc cng on l khng th trnh khi
nn trong qu trnh tnh ton ta u phi tnh n lng tn tht tng cng
on. Lng tn tht ny ph thuc vo nhiu yu t nh cht lng nguyn
liu, ch cng ngh, thit b....
n gin ta tnh cho 100l bia vi cc gi thit ban u nh sau:

- Ch s yu cu i vi nguyn liu:
Ch s Malt Go
m % 7% 13%
ho tan 75% 85%
T l nguyn liu 80% 20%
- Tn tht tnh theo % ca tng cng on sn xut l:
Qu trnh Tn tht
Nghin 0,5% so vi trng lng nguyn liu
Nu, ng ho, lc 2.5% so vi cht kh
Nu hoa 10% lng dch do nc bay hi
Lng xoy v lm lnh nhanh 2% so vi cht kh
Ln men chnh ph 4% so vi th tch bia
Lc bia 1%
Bo ho CO2 0,5%
Chit chai 4%
Chit box 1%
3.1. Tnh cn bng sn phm cho bia hi.
n gin ta tnh cn bng cho 100 l bia hi c nng dch ng ln
men l 10,50Bx
3.1.1. Lng bia v dch ng qua cc cng on:
* Cng on chit bock: tn tht l 1%
Lng bia trc khi chit bock l:
100: ( 1 - 0,01) = 101,01 (l)
* Cng on sc CO2: tn tht 0.5%
Lng bia trc khi np CO2 l:
101,01: (1 - 0,005) = 101,52 (l)
*Cng on lc bia : tn tht 1%
Lng bia trc khi lc l :
101,52: ( 1- 0,01) = 102,54 (l)

*Cng on ln men chnh v ln men ph: tn tht 4%

Lng dch ng trc khi ln men :
102,54: (1 - 0,04) = 106,82 (l)
*Cng on lng xoy: tn tht 2%
Lng dch ng trc khi lng xoy l:
106.82: ( 1 - 0,02) = 109,00 (l)
Do lm lnh nn nhit ca dch ng h xung thp gy nn s co th
tch. H s co th tch l 4%. V vy lng dch ng 100oC l:
109,00 : (1 - 0,04) = 113,54 (l)
Dch ng 20oC v 10,5oBx c d = 1.040 kg/l .Khi lng dch ng
sau khi un hoa l:
109,00 x 1,040 =113,36 (kg)
Lng cht chit bng 10.5%. Khi lng cht chit l:
113,36 x 0,105 = 11,90 (kg)
* Cng on nu, ng ho, lc b: tn tht cht chit 2.5%
Lng cht chit ban u l:
11,90 : (1 - 0,025) = 12,21 (kg).
3.1.2. Tnh nguyn liu cho 100l bia hi 10.50Bx.
Gi s lng malt cn dng l M (kg)
Malt c cc thng s k thut sau:
+ m: w = 7%.
+H s ho tan: 75%
+T l s dng: 80% malt.
+Tn tht trong khi nghin: 0,5%
Lng cht chit thu c t M (kg) malt l:
M*(1 - 0,07)*(1 - 0,005)*0,75 = 0,694M (kg)
Go c cc thng s k thut sau:
+ m: W=13%.
+ H s ho tan: 85%

+ T l s dng: 20% malt

+ Tn tht trong khi nghin: 0,5%
Vy lng go cn s dng l:
M x 0,2/(1 - 0,2) = 0,25M
Lng cht chit thu c t go l:
M x 0,2/(1 - 0,2) x (1 - 0,13) x (1 - 0,005) x 0,850 = 0,184M (kg)
Tng lng cht chit l:
0,694M + 0.184M = 0,878M (kg)
Lng cht chit ny tng ng vi 12,21kg
M=12,21 : 0,878 = 13,9 (kg)
Vy lng malt dng cho 100 l bia hi l M = 13,9 ( kg).
Lng go tng ng l:
13,9 x (20/80) = 3,475 (kg).
3.1.3. Tnh lng b.
Lng cht kh t malt:
13,9 x (1 - 0,005) x (1 - 0,07) = 12,86 (kg)
Lng cht kh t go:
3,475 x (1 - 0,005) x (1 - 0,13) = 3,01 (kg)
Tng lng cht kh ca malt v go:
12,86 + 3,01 = 15,87 (kg)
Lng cht chit t malt:
13,9 x (1 - 0,005) x (1 - 0,07) x 0,75 = 9,645 (kg)
Lng cht chit t go:
3,475 x (1 - 0,005) x (1 - 0,13) x 0,85 = 2,5585 (kg)
Tng lng cht chit :
9,645 + 2,5585 = 12,2035 (kg)
Tng lng b kh:
15,87 - 12,2035 = 3,6665 (kg)
Gi s b c m 80%. Vy lng b m :

3,6665 : 0,2 = 18,3325 (kg)

Trong lng nc
18,3325 - 3,6665 = 14,666 (kg)
3.1.4. Tnh lng nc dng trong qu trnh nu v ra b.
* Lng nc trong qu trnh h ho
+Lng malt lt 20% .Vy lng malt cn b sung vo ni h ho:
3,475 x 0,2 = 0,695 (kg)
Lng nguyn liu cho vo ni h ho (qu tnh nghin tn tht 0.5%):
(3,475 + 3,475 x 0,2) x (1 - 0,005) = 4,15 (kg)
T l nc: bt = 5:1
Lng nc cho vo ni h ho:
4,15 x 5 = 20,75 (l)
Nc c sn trong nguyn liu go v malt:
(3,475 x 0.13 + 3,475 x 0,2 x 0,07) x (1 - 0,005) = 0,5 (kg) = 0,5 (l).
Lng nc c trong ni h ho:
20,75 + 0,5 = 21,25 (l)
Tng lng nc v dch trong ni h ho :
4,15 + 21,25 = 25,4 (kg)
Kt thc qu trnh h ho, lng nc bay hi 5%
Lng dch cn li trong ni h ho sau khi un:
25,4 x (1 - 0,05) = 24,13 (kg).
* Lng nc trong qu trnh ng ho:
T l nc: malt = 4:1.
m malt 7%.
Tn tht nghin 0.5%
Lng malt cho vo ni ng ho:
(13,9 - 0,2 x 3,475 ) x (1- 0,005) = 13,14 (kg).
Lng nc c sn trong nguyn liu:
13,14 x 0,07 = 0,92 (kg) = 0,92 (l)
Lng nc cho vo ni ng ho:
13,14 x 4 = 52,56(l)
Lng nc c trong ni ng ho:

52,56 + 0,92 = 53,48 (l)

Tng lng nc v dch trong ni ng ho :
13,14 + 53,48 = 66,62 (kg)
Khi ng ho chuyn ton b lng dch trong ni h ho sang ni
ng ho lng dch c trong ni ng ho l:
24,13 + 66,62 = 90,75 (kg)
Sau khi ng ho, lng nc bay hi 4% nn lng dch cn li:
90,75 x (1 - 0,04) = 87,12 (kg)
Vy lng nc trong dch ng khi lc l :
87,12 - (12,86 + 3,01) = 71,25 (kg)
Lng nc trong dch sau khi un hoa (dch c nng 10,5oBx)
109,00 x (1 - 0,105) = 97,56 (kg)
Lng nc trong dch trc khi un hoa (lng nc bay hi 10% so
vi Tng s lng dch trc khi un hoa):
97,56 + (109,00 : 0,9) * 0,1 = 109,67 (kg) = 109.67 (l)
Lng nc ra b:
Vnc trc khi lc + Vnc ra b = Vnc trong b + Vnc trong dch un hoa
Vnc ra b = 14,666 + 109,67 71,25 = 53,086 (l)
Tng lng nc cho vo hai ni nu v ng ho l:
20,75 + 52,56 = 73,31 (l)
Tng lng nc dng trong qu trnh nu v ra b l:
73,31 + 53,086 = 126,396 (l)
3.1.5. Tnh cc nguyn liu khc:
* Lng hoa houblon s dng:
Lng hoa houblon dao ng trong khong rng tu thuc vo loi hoa,
cht lng hoa, ng ca hoa. Trong qu trnh nu, hiu sut trch ly ch t
30-35%
Nu gi lc ng trong hoa l 100% th trong bia thnh phm ch cn
30%.
Bia hi c ng l 18 = 18mg/lt = 1,8g/100lt
S dng 70% hoa vin 8% ( -axit ng) v 30% cao hoa (30% -axit ng).
Hiu sut trch ly l 30%. Lng cht ng ban u l 1,8/0,3=6 (g/100 lt)
Gi lng hoa vin s dng l: M (g)

Lng cao hoa l: (30/70) x M (g)

Lng cht ng c trong hoa vin: M x 0,08 (g)
Lng cht ng c trong cao hoa: M x (30/70) x 0,3 (g)
Tng lng cht ng ban u l:
M x 0,08 + M x (30/70) x 0,3 = 0,2086M (g)
Lng hoa vin s dng l:
M = 6 / 0,2086 = 28,76 (g)
Lng cao hoa s dng l:
M = 28,76 x (30 / 70) = 12,33 (g)
Bt tr lc: thng thng 100 l bia cn 0.073 kg bt tr lc
3.1.6. Tnh cc sn phm ph
*B malt v go:
Theo trn tnh, ta c:
Lng b malt v b go 80% m = 18,3325 (kg)
*B hoa:
Coi lng cao hoa ho tan hon ton. Ch tnh b cho lng hoa vin:
Lng cht kh khng ho tan trong hoa: 70%
m b hoa: 85%
Lng b hoa l:
28,76 x 0,7 / (1 - 0,85) = 134,21 (g)
Lng nc c trong b hoa:
134,21 x 0.85 = 114,01 (g)
*Cn lng:
100kg nguyn liu c khong 1,75kg cn lng m 80%
100 l bia c lng nguyn liu: 13,9 + 3,475 = 17,375 (kg)
Lng cn lng c m: 17,375 x 1,75 / 100 = 0,304 (kg)
Lng cn lng kh: 0,304 x 0,2 = 0,0608 (kg)
*B sa men

C 100l bia cho 2 lt sa men d m 85%

Ti s dng 50% tng ng: 1(l)/100 (l) bia
Cn thi b: 2 - 1 = 1(l)/100 (l) bia
*Lng CO2
Phng trnh ln men:
C12H22O11 + H2O 4.C2H5OH + 4.CO2
342g 176g
Lng dch trc khi ln men: 106.84(l) c d = 1.040 (kg/l)
Khi lng dch ln men : 106.84 x 1.040 = 111.11 (kg)
Dch ng c nng 10,5oS. Khi lng cht chit:
111.11 x 0.105 = 11.66 (kg)
Coi ton b lng ng l maltoza
Hiu sut ln men 60%
Lng CO2 to thnh:
11.66 x 176 x 0.60/342 = 3.60 (kg)
Lng CO2 ho tan trong bia (2g/lbia non)
2 x 102.54 = 205.08 (g) = 0.20508 (kg)
Lng CO2 thot ra l:
3.60 - 0.205 = 3.395 (kg)
20oC, 1atm, 1m3 CO2 nng 1.832kg. Th tch CO2 bay ra l:
3.395 : 1.832 = 1.853 (m3)
Thng ch thu hi c 70%. Th tch CO2 thu hi l:
1.853 x 0.7 = 1.29 (m3)
Lng CO2 cn bo ho thm t 4.5 (g/l)
4.5 x 101.52- 2 x 101.01 = 254.82 (g) = 0.255 (kg)
Th tch CO2 cn bo ho thm l:
0.255 : 1.832 = 0.139 (m3)

Bng 3.1: Bng cn bng sn phm cho bia hi.
n 20000lt 80000lt 6000000lt

STT Sn phm 100lt
v (m) (ngy) (1 nm)
1 Malt kg 13,9 2780 11120 834000
2 Go kg 3,475 695 2780 208500
3 Hoa vin g 28,76 5752 23008 1725600
4 Cao hoa g 12,33 2466 9864 739800
5 Nc vo ni h ho l 20,75 4150 16600 1245000
6 Nc vo ng ho l 52,56 10512 42048 3153600
7 Nc ra b l 53,086 10617,2 42468,8 3185160
8 Bt tr lc kg 0.073 14.6 58.4 4380
9 B m kg 18,333 3666,6 14666 1099980
10 B hoa g 134,21 26842 107368 8052600
11 Cn lng kg 0,304 60,8 243,2 18240
12 Sa men thu hi l 2 400 1600 120000
13 Sa men thi b l 1 200 800 60000
14 CO2 thot ra m3 1,853 370.6 1582,4 111180
15 CO2 thu hi m3 1,290 258 1032 77400
16 Men ging l 10,684 2136.8 8547,2 641040
17 Men sa ti s dng l 1 200 800 60000
18 Dch ng vo lng l 113,53 22706 90824 6811800
19 Dch ng ln men l 106,82 21364 85456 6409200
20 Bia non l 102,54 20508 82032 615240
21 Bia sau lc l 101,52 20304 81216 6091200
22 Bia bo ho CO2 l 101,01 20202 80808 6060600

3.2. Tnh cn bng sn phm cho bia chai

3.2.1. Tnh lng bia v lng dch ng qua cc cng on.
-Cng on chit chai: Tn tht 4%
Lng bia trc khi chit chai l :
100 : (1 0,04) = 104,17 (l)
-Cng on sc CO2 : Tn tht 0,5%
Lng bia trc khi np CO2 l:
104,17 : (1 0,005) = 104,69 (l)
-Cng on lc bia: Tn tht 1%
Lng bia trc khi lc l:
104,69 : (1 0,01) = 105,75 (l)
-Cng on ln men chnh v ln men ph: Tn tht 4%
Lng dch ng trc khi ln men l:
105,75 : (1 0,04) = 110,16 (l)
-Cng on lng xoy: Tn tht 2%
Lng dch ng trc khi trc khi lng xoy l:
110,16 : (1 0,02) = 112,41 (l)
Do lm lnh nn nhit ca dch ng h xung thp nn c s co th
tch. H s co th tch 4%. V vy dch ng 100 0C l:
112,41 : (1 0,04) = 117,09 (l)
Dch ng 200C v nng 11,5% c d=1,046 kg/l
Khi lng dch ng sau khi un hoa l:
112,41 x 1,046 = 117,58 (kg)
Lng cht chit bng 11,5%. Khi lng cht chit l:
117,58 x 0,115 = 13,52 (kg)
Cng on nu, ng ha, lc b: Tn tht cht chit 2,5%
Lng cht chit ban u l:
13,52 : (1 0,025) = 13,87 (kg).
3.2.2. Tnh lng go, malt cho 100l bia chai 11,5o Bx
Gi lng malt cn sn xut 100l bia chai l M(kg) th:
Lng go cn: M x 0,2/ (1-0,8) = 0,25M (kg).
Lng cht chit thu c t M(kg) malt l:

M.(1-0,005).(1-0,07).0,75 = 0,694M(kg)
Lng cht chit thu c t go l:
0,25M.(1-0,005).(1-0,13).0,85 = 0,184M(kg)
Tng lng cht chit thu c l:
0,694M + 0,184M = 0,878M (kg)
Lng cht chit ny tng ng vi 13,87 kg
Ta c: 0,878M = 13,87(kg)
M = 15,80
Suy ra: Lng malt cn l M = 15,80(kg)
Lng go cn l 15,80 x (20/80) = 3,95(kg)
3.2.3. Tnh lng b
Lng cht kh t malt :
15,80 x (1-0,005) x (1-0,07) = 14,62 (kg)
Lng cht kh t go :
3,95 x (1-0,005) x (1-0,13) = 3,42 (kg)
Tng lng cht kh l :
14,62 + 3,42 = 18,04 (kg)
Lng cht chit t malt :
14,62 x 0,75 = 10,965 (kg)
Lng cht chit t go :
3,42 x 0,85 = 2,907 (kg)
Tng lng cht chit l :
10,965 + 2,907 = 13,872 (kg)
Tng lng b kh l :
18,04 13,872 = 4,168 (kg)
Nu gi s b c m 80%. Suy ra lng b m l :
4,168 : ( 1- 0,8 ) = 20,84 (kg)
Trong lng nc s l : 20,84 4,168 = 16,672 (kg).

3.2.4. Tnh lng nc dng trong qu trnh nu v ra b

3.2.4.1. Lng nc dng trong qu trnh h ha
Lng mat lt 20%. Vy lng malt cn b xung vo l:
3,95 x 0,2 = 0,79 (kg)
Lng nguyn liu cho vo ni h ha ( nghin tn tht 0,5%)
( 3,95+0,79) x (1-0,005) = 4,72 (kg)
T l nc : bt = 5 : 1
Lng nc cho vo ni l :
4,72 x 5 = 23,6 (l)
Nc c sn trong nguyn liu go v malt
(3,95 x 0,13 + 3,95 x 0,2 x 0,07) x (1-0,005) = 0,57 (kg) = 0,57 l
Lng nc c trong ni h ha
23,6 + 0,57 = 24,17 (l)
Tng lng nc v dch trong ni h ha
4,72 + 24,17= 28,89 (kg)
Kt thc qu trnh h ha, lng nc bay hi 5%
Lng dch cn li trong ni h ha sau khi un l :
28,89 x (1-0,05) = 27,45 (kg)
3.2.4.2. Lng nc trong qu trnh ng ha
T l malt : nc = 4 : 1
m malt 7%, tn tht nghin 0,5%
Lng malt cho vo ni ng ha l :
(15,80-0,2 x 3,95) x (1-0,005) = 14,94 (kg)
Lng nc c sn trong nguyn liu :
14,94 x 0,07 = 1,05 (kg) = 1,05 (l)
Lng nc cho vo ni ng ha :
14,94 x 4 = 59,76 (l)
Lng nc c trong ni ng ha:
59,76 + 1,05 = 60,81 (l)

Tng lng nc v dch c trong ni ng ha:

14,94 + 60,81= 75,75 (l)
Khi chuyn ton b lng dch trong ni h ha sang ni ng ha th
lng dch trong ni ng ha s l:
27,45 + 75,75 = 103,2 (kg)
Sau khi ng ha lng nc bay hi 4% nn lng dch cn li la :
103,2 x (1-0,04) = 99,072 (kg)
Lng nc trong dch ng khi lc l :
99,072 (14,62+3,42) = 81,032 (kg)
Lng nc trong dch ng sau khi un hoa c nng 11,5 Bx l :
117,09 x (1-0,115) = 103,63 (kg)
Lng nc trong dch trc khi un hoa ( lng bay hi 10%)
103,63+(117,09 : 0,9) x 0,1 = 116,64 (kg) = 116,64 (l)
Lng nc ra b :
Vnc trc khi lc + Vnc ra b = Vnc trong b + Vnc trong dch un hoa
Suy ra : Vnc ra b = 16,672 + 116,64 81,032 = 52,28 (l)
Tng lng nc cho vo c ni nu v ng ha l :
23,6 + 59,76 = 83,36 (l)
Tng lng nc dng cho qu trnh nu v ra b l :
83,36 + 52,28 = 135,64 (l)
3.2.4.3. Tnh cc nguyn liu khc
a. Tnh lng hoa houblon s dng
Lng hoa houblon dao ng trong khong rng tu thuc vo loi hoa,
cht lng hoa, ng ca hoa. Trong qu trnh nu, hiu sut trch ly ch t
30-35%
Nu gi lc ng trong hoa l 100% th trong bia thnh phm ch cng ch
cn khong 30%.
Bia chai c ng l 22 = 22 mg/l = 2,2 g / 100 (l)
S dng 70% hoa vin (8% -axit ng) v 30% cao hoa (30% -axit
ng). Hiu sut trch ly l 30%. Lng cht ng ban u l 2.2 / 0.3 = 7.3
(g/100l)
Gi lng hoa vin s dng l M (g).
Lng cao hoa l (30/70) x M (g)
Lng cht ng c trong hoa vin: M x 0.08(g)

Lng cht ng c trong cao hoa: M x (30/70) x 0.3 (g)

Tng lng cht ng ban u l:
M x 0.08 + M x (30/70) x 0.3 = 0.2086M(g)
Lng hoa vin s dng l:
M = 7.3 / 0.2086 = 35.14 (g)
Lng cao hoa s dng l:
M = 35.14 x (30/70) = 15.06 (g)
b. Tnh lng nm men
Lng dch trc khi ln men: 110.16 (l)
Lng men a vo: 110,16 x 10% = 11,02 (l)
c. Bt tr lc
Thng thng 100 l bia cn 0.073 kg bt tr lc
3.2.4.4. Tnh cc sn phm ph
a. B malt v go:
Theo trn tnh, ta c:
Lng b malt v b go 80% m = 20,84 (kg)
b. B hoa:
Coi lng cao hoa ho tan hon ton. Ch tnh b cho lng hoa vin:
Lng cht kh khng ho tan trong hoa: 70%
m b hoa: 85%
Lng b hoa l:
35,14 x 0,7 / ( 1- 0,85) = 163,99 (g)
Lng nc c trong b hoa:
163,99 x 0,85 = 139,39 (g)
c. Cn lng
100kg nguyn liu c khong 1.75kg cn lng m 80%
100 lt bia c lng nguyn liu:
15,80 + 3,95 = 19,75 (kg)
Lng cn lng c m:
19,75 x 1,75/100 = 0,35 (kg)
Lng cn lng kh:
0,35 x 0,2 = 0,07 (kg)

d. B sa men
C 100l bia cho 2 lt sa men m 85%
Ti s dng 50% tng ng 1lt/100 lt bia
Cn thi b: 2 - 1 = 1 (l) / 100l bia
e. Lng CO2
Phng trnh ln men:
C12H22O11 + H2O 4C2H5OH + 4CO2
342g 176g
Lng dch trc khi ln men: 110.16 (l) c d = 1.046 g
Lng men a vo: 110,16 x 10% = 11,02 (l)
Khi lng dch ln men:
110,16 x 1,046 = 115,23 (kg)
Dch ng c nng 12 0Bx. Khi lng cht chit:
115,23 x 0,115 = 13,251 (kg)
Coi ton b lng ng l maltoza
Hiu sut ln men 60%
Lng CO2 to thnh:
13,251 x 176 x 0.6 / 342 = 4,092 (kg)
Lng CO2 ho tan trong bia (2g/l bia non)
2 x 105.75 = 211.5 (g) = 0.211 (kg)
Lng CO2 thot ra l:
4,092 - 0,211 = 3,881 (kg)
20oC, 1atm, 1m3 CO2 nng 1.832 kg. Th tch CO2 bay ra l:
3,881 : 1.832 = 2,12 (m3)
Thng ch thu hi c 70%. Th tch CO2 thu hi l:
2,12 x 0.7 = 1,484(m3)
Lng CO2 cn bo ha thm t 4.5g/l
4.5 x 105.75 - 2 x 104.69 = 266.495 (g) = 0.266kg
Th tch CO2 cn bo ha thm l:
0.266 / 1.832 = 0.145 (m3)

Bng 3.2: Bng cn bng sn phm cho bia chai

STT Sn phm n 100l 20000l 80000l 9000000
v (m) (ngy) (1 nm)
1 Malt kg 15,8 3160 12640 1422000
2 Go kg 3,95 790 3160 355500
3 Hoa vin g 35,14 7028 28112 3162600
4 Cao hoa g 15,06 3012 12048 1355400
5 Nc vo ni h ho l 23,6 4720 18880 2124000
6 Nc vo ng ho l 59,76 11952 47808 5378400
7 Nc ra b l 52,28 10456 41824 4705200
8 Bt tr lc kg 0,073 14,6 58,4 6570
9 B m kg 20,84 4168 16672 1875600
10 B hoa g 163,99 32798 131192 14759100
11 Cn lng kg 0,36 72 288 32400
12 Sa men thu hi l 2 400 1600 180000
13 Sa men thi b l 1 200 800 90000
14 CO2 thot ra m3 2,22 444 1776 199800
15 CO2 thu hi m3 1,554 310,8 12432 139860
16 Men ging l 11,02 2204 8816 991800
17 Men sa ti s dng l 1 200 800 90000
18 Dch ng vo lng l 117,09 23418 93672 10538100
19 Dch ng ln men l 110,16 22032 88128 9914400
20 Bia non l 105,75 21150 84600 9517500
21 Bia sau lc l 104,69 20938 83752 9422100
22 Bia bo ho CO2 l 104,17 20834 83336 9375300

PHN IV : TNH TON V CHN THIT B

Vic tnh ton v chn thit b trong qu trnh sn xut phi m bo
nguyn tc p ng yu cu v nng sut ca nh my v ch tiu k thut cng
nh ch tiu v kinh t. Theo k hoch sn xut ca nh my v cn bng sn
phm cho thng bia cao nht ca nm chn kch thc thit b. Da theo tnh
ton trn, ta s tnh ton kch thc thit b cho sn xut bia chai
Lng nguyn liu dng cho 1 m nu nhiu nht (20000 lt):
- Malt: 3160 kg
- Go: 790 kg
- Hoa vin: 7,028 kg
- Cao hoa: 3,012 kg
- Nc cho vo ni h ha: 4720 lt
- Nc cho vo ni ng ha: 11952 lt
- Nc ra b: 10456 lt
4.1. Thit b trong khu nghin.
4.1.1. Cn
Nguyn liu c cn theo tng m.
- Chn cn go v malt lt c kh nng cn cao nht 1000 kg, chnh
xc 0,5 kg
- Cn malt dng cn in t c gn vi xylo, xylo c kch thc: ng
knh 1,6m, cao 2m, y cn 60o cha c khong 1500kg malt.
4.1.2. Gu ti
Gu ti go cha nghin c nng sut 2000 kg/h
Chn 01 gu ti ti go cha nghin c nng sut vn chuyn 2000 kg/h
c thng s k thut:
- Kch thc: rng 200mm, cao 4000mm
- Vn tc ko 1,2-1,4m/s
- Cng sut ng c 1 KW
Gu ti go nghin c nng sut 2000 kg/h
Chn 01 gu ti ti go nghin c nng sut vn chuyn 2000 kg/h c
thng s k thut:


- Vn tc ko 1,2-1,4m/s
- Cng sut ng c 1,5 KW
Vt ti go nghin 2500 kg/h
Chn 01 vt ti go nghin c nng sut vn chuyn 2500 kg/h c
thng s k thut sau:
- Kch thc: Rng 200mm, Di 2500mm.
- Cng sut ng c 1 KW.
Gu ti malt cha nghin c nng sut 5000 kg/h.
Chn 01 gu ti malt cha nghin c nng sut vn chuyn 5000 kg/h c
thng s k thut:
- Vn tc ko 1,2-1,4m/s
- Cng sut ng c 2.5 KW
4.1.3. My nghin malt.
Chn my nghin malt t c cc thng s k thut sau:
- Nng sut 5000kg/h
- Cng sut ng c: 8 KW/h
- Vt liu ch to: thp khng g chu mi mn
- Kch thc thit b: di 1000mm, rng 800mm, cao 3500mm
- Kch thc trc nghin: ng knh 300mm, di 600mm
- S i trc: 2
4.1.4. My nghin go.
Chn my nghin go l my nghin ba c cc thng s k thut sau:
- Nng sut : 2000 kg/h
- Cng sut my: 6 KW/h
- Kch thc bung nghin: ng knh 500mm, chiu rng 250mm
- Kch thc my: di 1850mm, rng 1600mm, cao 1650mm
4.1.5. My nghin malt lt.
Chn my nghin malt lt l my nghin kh, nghin trc, nng sut 500
kg/h.
4.1.6. Thit b khc.

- Xylo cha go cha nghin: 1,5 m3

- Xylo cha go nghin: 1,5 m3
- xylo cha malt cha nghin: 4 m3
4.2. Thit b trong nh nu
4.2.1. Ni h ho
- Lng go s dng cc i cho 1 m l : 790 kg/ m
- Nghin tn tht 0,5 %
- Lng go trong ni h ho l :
790 x 0,995 = 786,05 (kg)
- Lng malt lt 20% so vi go
790 x 0,2 x 0,995 = 157,21 (kg)
- Lng nc cho vo ni h ho theo t l 5 : 1 so vi nguyn liu
( 786,05 + 157,21) x 5 = 4716,3 (l)
- Khi lng trong ni h ho
786,05 + 157,21 + 4716,3 = 5659,56 (kg)
- Khi lng ring ca hn hp bt nc l: d = 1,08 kg/l
- Th tch hn hp trong ni h ho l:
5659,56 / 1,08 = 5240,33 (l)
- Th tch s dng ca thng l 75% Th tch thc ca thng l
5240,33 / 0,75 = 6987,11 (l)
- Chn ni h ho l thit b hai v thn hnh tr, y chm cu, np hnh
nn lm bng thp khng g, c cc thng s sau:
H = 0.6 D; h1 = 0.2D; h 2 = 0.15 D; r = 0,5D
h2
D
H
h1

Th tch ni V = V( Tr) + V( np) + V( dy) = 0.614D3

V = H* D2/4 + (h12 + 3r2)* h1/6 + h2* D2/4*3
V = 0,593*D3
D = ( V/ 0,593)1/3
D = (6987,11/0,593)1/3 = 2,275 m; Ly D = 2,3m
Vy kch thc ni h ho:
D = 2300mm; H = 1380mm; h1 = 460mm; h2 = 345mm
Phn v dy 100 mm, do ng knh ngoi ca thit b l :
D ng = 2300 + 2*100 = 2500 mm;
Chiu cao phn hai v: H = 1380mm.
Th tch thc ca thng:
V = 0,593*D3 = 0,593*2,33 = 7,22 (m3)
c tnh ca cnh khuy:
- Chn cnh khuy cong c ng knh = 0.8D = 2080 mm;
- S vng quay ca cnh khuy: 30 vng / pht
- ng c cnh khuy 10 Kw;
- Din tch b mt truyn nhit 0,5 m2/ m 3 dch
F= 0,5 * 7,5 = 3,75 ( m2);
4.2.2. Ni ng ho
Lng dch cho bm sang ni ng ho l: 5490 (kg)
Lng malt s dng cc i cho 1 m l : 3160 kg/ m
Lng malt lt : 158 kg
Nghin tn tht 0.5 %
Lng malt trong ni ng ho l :
(3160 158)*0,995 = 2987 (kg)
Lng nc cho vo ni ng ho theo t l 4: 1 so vi nguyn liu
2987*4 = 11948 (l)
Khi lng trong ni ng ho
5659,56 + 11948 + 2987 = 20594,56 (kg)

Khi lng ring ca hn hp bt nc l d = 1,08 kg/l

Th tch hn hp trong ni ng ho l :
20594,56/ 1,08 = 19069 (l)
Th tch s dng ca thng l 75% Th tch ca thng l
19069 / 0,75 = 25,435 (m3 )
h2
D
H
h1
Chn ni ng ho l thit b hai v thn hnh tr, y chm cu, np

hnh nn lm bng thp khng g, c cc thng s sau:
H = 0.6 D; h1 = 0.2D; h 2 = 0.15 D;r = 0.5D
Th tch ni V = V( Tr) + V( np) + V( dy)
V = H* D2/4 + (h12 + 3r2)* h1/6 + h2* D2/4*3
V = 0,593*D3
D = ( V/ 0,593)1/3 = 3,501 m; Ly D = 3,60m
Vy kch thc ni ng ho:
D = 3600mm; H = 2160mm; h1 = 720mm; h2 = 540mm.
3600 + 2x100 = 3800 mm;
Chiu cao phn hai v:H = 2160 mm;
c tnh cnh khuy;
- Chn cnh khuy cong c ng knh = 0,8D = 2880 mm;

- S vng quay ca cnh khuy 30 vng / pht

- ng c cnh khuy 15 Kw;
- Din tch b mt truyn nhit 0,5 m2/ m 3 dch
F= 0,5x19,8 = 9,9 ( m2)
4.2.3. Thng lc y bng:
h2
D
H
Thng y bng, thn tr, np nn h2 = 0,15D.

Khi lng b malt v go tng ng vi mt m nu l: 4168 (kg)
Khi lng ring ca b l: 0,75kg/l
Th tch b l: 4168 / 0,75 = 5558 (l).
Mun qu trnh lc xy ra bnh thng th chiu cao lp b vo khong
0,30,5m
Chn chiu cao lp b l: 0,5m
Din tch y lc: S = 5,558 / 0,5 = 11,116 (m2)
ng knh thng lc l: S = D2/4 suy ra D = (4*S/ )1/2
D = (4*11,116/3,14)1/2 = 3,77 (m)
Quy chun: D = 3,8m. Lp v bo n dy 100mm, ng knh ngoi ca
thng l: Dng = 3,8 + 2*0,1 = 4,0 (m).
Np nn: h2 = 0,15D = 0,15*3,8 = 0,57 (m)
Din tch y lc thc t: S = D2/4 = *3,82/4 = 11,34 (m2)
Khi lng dch cn li sau ng ha: 20594,56*0,96 = 19771 (kg)
Th tch dch cn li sau ng ha: 19771 / 1,08 = 18306,3 (l)
Chiu cao ca lp dch lc trong ni:18,306/11,34 = 1,62 (m)

Th tch s dng ca thng l 70%. Th tch ca thng:

V = 18,306 / 0,7 = 26,16 (m3)
V = H* D2/4 + h2* D2/4*3
H = 2,12 (m)
Chiu cao thn tr: H = 2,12m
y gi cch y tht 2cm, chiu cao thng phn thn tr ca thng l:
H = 2,12 + 0,02 = 2,14 (m).
Ca x b c thit k c ng knh 45cm c ng m bng ng c
in. B x ra c vt ti y sang xylo cha.
Ni hai v, thn tr, y phng:
- S = 11,34m2, D = 3,8m, H = 2,14m, h2 = 0,57m, Dng = 4,0m.
- ng knh d = 0,8D = 3,04m
- Cnh khuy c tc gt b 6 vng/ph.
- ng c c cng sut: 7,5Kw
4.2.4. Ni nu hoa
- Th tch dch sau khi nu hoa l : 117,09/ 100 lt bia
- Th tch dch sau 1 m nu l: 23418 lt
- Trong qu trnh nu tn tht do bay hi l 10% , vy th tch dch trc
khi nu hoa l:
23418/ 0.9 = 26020 (l) = 26,02(m3);
- H s y thng l 70% v khi si nhit cao th dch s b bng
ln. Vy th tch ni l:
V = 26,02 / 0,7 = 37,17 (m3).
Chn thit b un hoa hnh tr, y chm cu, np hnh nn, c
H = 1,2D; h1 = 0.2D; h 2 = 0.15 D; r =0,5D
h2
D
H
h1

Th tch ni V = V( Tr) + V( np) + V( dy)

V = H* D2/4 + (h12 + 3r2)* h1/6 + h2* D2/4*3
V = 1,064*D3
D = ( V/ 1,064)1/3 = 3,27 m; Ly D = 3,30m
Phn v dy 100 mm, do ng knh ngoi ca thit b l:Dng = 3,5m
Vy kch thc ni nu hoa:
D = 3300mm; H = 3960mm; h1 = 660mm; h2 = 495mm; Dng = 3500mm.
Th tch thc ca ni:
V = 1,064*3,33 = 38,24 (m3)
Ni nu hoa s dng ng truyn nhit trung tm, cht ti nhit xung
quanh ng, dch i qua ng. Chn ng truyn nhit c ng knh d = 50 mm,
s hng lc gic l 4,S ng b tr trn ng xuyn tm ca hnh lc gic l: b
= 9.
Tng s ng l: 3 * 42 +3 * 4 +1 = 61 ng
ng knh chm ng l
D = t* (b - 1) +4*d
Trong t l khong cch gia hai tm ng, t = (1.2-1.5)d
D = ( 1.5 * 0.0 5) * (9 - 1) + 4 *0.05 = 0.8( m);
Din tch b mt truyn nhit 1m2/ m 3 dch
F= 1*26,02 = 26,02 ( m2)
Chiu di ca ton b ng truyn nhit l:
L = F/ .d = 26,02/ .0.05 = 165,65 (m)
Chiu di ca mt ng l:
L = L/n = 165,65/61 = 2,72 (m).
4.2.5. Thng lng xoy:
Thng lng xoy l mt ni hnh tr, dch ng c bm theo phng
tip tuyn. y bng hi nghing 2.
Lng dch a vo lng xoy l: 23418 (l)
H s s dng ca thng l 75%. Vy th tch ca thng l:
V = 23418/0,75 = 31,22 (m3)

Chn thng c cc thng s: H = 1D; h2 = 0.15D.
h2
D
H
Th tch thng: V = H* D2/4 +h2* D2/12

V = 0,825D3
D = (V/0,825)1/3 = 3,36 (m)
Chn D = 3400mm
Lp v bo n dy 100mm
ng knh ngoi thng lng xoy: D = 3400 + 2x100 = 3600
Vy kch thc ca thng lng xoy:
D = 3600mm; H = 3400mm; h2 = 510mm
Th tch thc ca thng: V = 0,825*D3 = 0,825*3,43 = 32,43 (m3)
ng hi, ca quan st
Cc ni nu, lc, lng xoy u c ng thng hi ng knh bng
khong 0,1D v bng 400mm.
Cc ni u c ca quan st c kch thc: 500mm ,c lp h thng n
quan st.
4.2.6. Thit b lnh nhanh v sc kh.
Chn thit b lnh nhanh l thit b trao i nhit dng tm bn, mt
cp.
Lng dch ng a vo ln men l 22950 lt
Thi gian lm lnh nhanh: 1,5 gi.
H s s dng thit b l 0,9. Vy nng sut thc ca my cn:
N = 22,95 / (1,5 * 0,9) = 17 m3

Chn thit b lm lnh nhn hiu APV c cc thng s k thut sau:

- Nng sut 20 m3/h.
- Nhit dch vo 900C, nhit dch ra 80C - 90C
- Nhit nc vo 2 0C, nhit nc ra 70 - 800C
- Kch thc : 1500 x 800 x 1500 mm
- B mt lm vic ca bn: 61,9 m2
- Vn tc sn phm : 0,9 m/s
- Lu lng cht ti lnh: 17 m3 /h
- S lng bn: 215 bn
- Khi lng my: 560 kg.
Thit b sc kh vo dch ng. Bao gm :
- B lc sch v v trng khng kh
- B phn sc kh vo dch ng
- Cc ph kin km theo( van, ng lu lng, van gim p)
Chn thit b sc kh c b phn kh trng bng tia cc tm.
4.2.7. Bm
Trong phn xng nu cn thit phi dng cc loi bm vn chuyn
dch ng v nc. Thng thng ngi ta dng bm li tm do bm li tm c
cc u im: Bm lm vic n nh , c nng sut ln, bn, d ch to
a. Bm t ni h ha sang ni ng ha.
Th tch ni h ha : 7,72 m3
Thi gian bm khong 15 pht
Nng sut ca bm cn t: N = (7,72 / 15 ) x 60 = 30,88 (m3 /h)
Chn bm c nng sut : 40 (m3 /h)
Cng sut ng c : 5,5 Kw
Chiu cao bm ln : 8m
ng knh ng ht y : 75/48
Kch thc : 900 x 570 x 907mm
Khi lng : 85kg

b. Bm t ni ng ha sang thng lc.

Th tch ni ng ha : 19,83 m3
Chiu cao bm ln : 8m
Kch thc : 900 x 570 x 907mm
Khi lng : 128kg
c. Bm dch t thng lc sang ni nu hoa.
Th tch thng lc bm sang ni hoa bng th tch dc c trong ni hoa
trc khi nu l : 26,02 m3
Thi gian bm bng thi gian lc : khong 180 pht
Chiu cao bm ln : 7m
Kch thc : 825 x 375 x 450mm
Khi lng : 85kg
d.Bm dch t ni nu hoa sang thng lng xoy.
Th tch ni nu sau khi un hoa : 23,42 m3
Cng sut ng c : 6 Kw
Chiu cao bm ln : 7m

Kch thc : 1358 x 570 x 907mm

Khi lng : 210kg
e. Bm t nu hoa sang thng trung gian
Chn bm ging nh bm dch t nu hoa sang ln xoy:
Cng sut ng c : 6 Kw
Chiu cao bm ln : 7m
Kch thc : 1358 x 570 x 907mm
Khi lng : 210kg
h. Bm dch t thng lng xoy sang thit b lm lnh nhanh.
Th tch ni lng xoy : 23,42 m3
Chiu cao bm ln : 7m
Kch thc : 825 x 375 x 450mm
Khi lng : 85kg.
4.2.8. Thng nc nng, thng nc lnh.
Lng nc nng c dng ra b v v sinh thit b. Mi ni cn:
500 lt nc nng v sinh. Vy lng nc nng dng cho 4 ni l :
500 x 4 = 2000 (lt)
Lng nc a vo nu, ng ho, ra b cho 1 m l:
4720 + 11952 + 10456 = 27128 (lt)
Vy lng nc nng cn cho mt m l:
2000 + 27128= 29128 (l) hay 29,2 (m3).

2 thng cha c lng nc dng cho 2 m nu, mi thng cha 29,2

3
m.
H s s dng thng nc nng 80%.Vy th tch thng l:
V = 29,2 / 0,8 = 36,5 (m3 )
Chn thng hnh tr, nh v chp chm cu.
Cc thng s: H = 2D; h1 = 0,2D; h 2 = 0,15 D.
Th tch ni = V( Tr)+ V( np) +V( dy) = 2.107D3
D = ( V/ 1,613 )1/3 = ( 36,5/ 1,613 )1/3
= 2,83 (m); Ly D = 2,9 (m)
Phn v dy 100 mm, do ng knh ngoi ca thng nc nng l:
Dng = 3100 mm
Vy kch thc thit b un nc nng: D = 2900mm; H = 5800mm;
h1 = 580mm; h2 = 435mm; Dng = 3100mm.
Th tch thc ca thng:
V = 1,613 x 2,93 = 39,34 (m3)
Din tch b mt truyn nhit 1m2/ m 3 nc:
F= 1 x 39,34 = 39,34 ( m2)
Thng cha nc lnh c kch thc nh thng nc nng
4.2.9. H thng CIP
Chn thng hnh tr lm bng thp khng g, gm:
- Thng NaOH 2 %: 01 thng
- Thng cha nc nng: 01 thng
- Thng axit Trimeta HC 2%: 01 thng
- Thng hi CIP: 01 thng
Mi m nu lng nc ra CIP thng = 5 - 8% th tch thng, chn
thit b nu hoa lm chun v n c th tch ln nht
V = 38,24*0.08 = 3.059 (m3).
H s s dng ca cc thng CIP l 80 % nn th thch mi thng cn t
l:
V = 3,058 / 0,8 = 3,824 (m3).

Thng CIP hnh tr, y hnh chp nn, nh hnh cu c

H = 1,2 D; h1 = 0,2D; h2 = 0,15D
V thng = 1,055 D3 = 3,824
D = 1,54 m
Chn ng knh thng: D = 1600mm H = 1920mm; h1 = 280mm;
h2 = 240mm
Th tch thng CIP:
V = 1,055*1,63 = 4,32 (m3).
4.3. Thit b trong phn xng ln men
4.3.1. Tank ln men.
Chn thng ln men c th cha cho mt ngy sn xut. Th tch dch
ng ca mt ngy l:
h4
h3
D
h2
h1
V = 88128(lt) = 88,2(m3)
Gi:
- Vh l th tch hu ch ca thng ln men (m3)
- D l ng knh trong ca thit b (m)
- h1 : chiu cao phn nn (m); h1 = 0,866D
- h2 : chiu cao phn tr cha dch (m)
- h3 : chiu cao phn tr khng cha dch (m)
- h4 : chiu cao phn np (m); chn h4 = 0,1D
- : gc y cn, chn = 60o

- Vtr : L th tch phn tr khng cha dch ng.

Ngi ta chn h2 : D = 1 - 2:1 (tu theo th tch dch ln men Vd ):
Vd < 20 m3 : h2/D = 1-1,2
Vd < 50 m3 : h2/D = 1,2 -1,5
Vd > 50 m3 : h2/D = 1,5 -1,7
Vd > 100 m3 : h2/D = 1,7 -2,0
Vtrng = 20 - 30% Vd
Chn h2 / D = 1,8 do th tch dch ng ln men Vd > 100m3.
Ta c :
Vd = Vh = Vtr + Vcn
Th tch hu ch ca thit b l:
D 2 h1 D 2 0,866D 3
Vh = (h2 ) = (1,8D ) = 1,640D
4 3 4 3
Chn Vtr = 25% V h
D 2
ta c: Vtr = h3 = 25% . Vh = 0,25 . 1,640D3 = 0,41D3
4
Suy ra: h3 = 0,522D
Tng th tch ca thit b l:
V = Vh + Vtr = 1,25 Vh = 1,25 . 1,64 D3 = 2,05D3
Ta s dng thng ln men c th cha c lng dch ng vi 6 m nu,
tc l c th tch hu ch t:
V = 88,2(m3)
Ta c: 1,640D3 = 88,2(m3). Suy ra: D = 3,78(m)
Quy chun: D = 3800mm; h1 = 3300mm; h2 = 6840mm; h3 = 1990mm;
h4 = 380mm
Th tch thc ca thit b l:
V = 2,05D3 = 2,05*3,83 = 112,5(m3)
Vy chiu cao ca thng ln men:
H = h1 + h2 + h3 + h4 = 3300 + 6840+ 1990 + 380 = 12510 (mm).
Chn khong cch t y tank n sn l 1200mm.
Vy chiu cao ca ton b thit b l:
Htt = H + 1200 = 12510 + 1200 = 13710 (mm).
Chn tank ln men l thit b thn tr, y cn, bn ngoi c khoang lnh
iu chnh nhit , thit b lm bng thp khng r, c trang b h thng sc
kh, van nhit k, knh quan st.


3800 + 2 * 100 = 4000 (mm).
* Tnh s thng ln men:
Thi gian ln men chnh : Tc = 7 ngy
Thi gian ln men ph : Tp = 15 ngy
Mt ngy ngh sa cha v v sinh
Tng thi gian ln men v v sinh:
T = Tc + Tp + 1 = 15 + 7 + 1 = 23 ngy
V chn mt ngy y mt tank ln men ng thi cn mt tank d tr
nn s tank cn c l:
M = 23 + 1 = 24 tank.
* Yu cu chung:
- Tank ln men c lm bng thp khng r, ring phn vnh tank lm
bng thp CT3.
- Np c ca = 500mm, c cm CIP.
- Tank c 3 khoang lnh : 1 khoang y v 2 khoang thn tr. Trong
mi khoang c ng vo v ng ra ca glycol.
- Lp bo n: ton tank c lp bo n tr phn nh tank. Vt liu bo n
bng thy tinh. Chiu dy cch nhit 100mm.
- Bn ngoi lp cch nhit l lp tn Inox dy 2mm.
- B phn gi : Cc tank ln men c t ngoi tri trn cc gin
bng b tng ct thp.
4.3.2. Thit b nhn men ging cp I, cp II.
Cu to cc thit b gy ging cng tng t nh thit b ln men chnh.
Vic tnh ton cho thit b gy men ging cp 1 v cp 2 da theo nguyn tc
tnh cho thit b ln men chnh tnh ton v chn trn.
Nguyn tc chn: Th tch hu ch ca thng gy men ging cp 2 bng 1/10
th tch dch ln men ca 1 tank ln men chnh. Th tch hu ch ca thng gy men
ging cp 1 bng 1/3 th tch hu ch ca mt thng gy men ging cp 2.
* Thit b nhn men ging cp II.
Chn thit b nhn ging cp II l thit b thn tr ng knh D, y cn
gc cn y l 60, np cu nh ln h 4 = 0,1D. Phn tr trng khng cha dch
c chiu cao h3, phn tr cha dch c chiu cao h2 = D do th tch phn dch
ng ln men Vd < 20 m3 , phn y cn c chiu cao h1 = 0,866D

D 2 h1 D 2 0,866D 3
Vh = (h2 ) = (D ) = 1,012D
4 3 4 3
Chn Vtr = 25% Vh
D 2
Ta c: Vtr = h3 = 0,25Vh = 0,25 . 1,012D3 = 0,253D3
4
Suy ra: h3 = 0,322D
Tng th tch ca thit b l: V = 1,25.Vh = 1,265D3
Th tch hu ch ca thit b bng 1/10 th tch dch ln men trong 1 tank
ln men:
Vh = 0,1 x 88,2 = 8,82(m3)
Ta c: Vh = 1,012D3 = 8,82(m3). Suy ra: D = 2,06(m)
Quy chun: D = 2100mm; h1 =1870mm; h2 = 2100mm; h3 = 680mm;
h4 = 210mm
Th tch thc ca thit b l:
V = 1,265D3 = 1,265*2,13 = 11,72(m3).
Chiu cao ca thit b:
H = h1 + h2 + h3 + h4 = 1870 + 2100 + 680 + 210 = 4860(mm).
Khong cch t y thit b n sn nh chn bng 0,8m.
Thng nhn ging c v o lnh v cch nhit dy 100mm, ng knh
ngoi ca thit b l: Dng = 2300mm.
Thit b nhn ging cp 2 c mt thng.
* Thit b nhn men ging cp I.
Chn thit b nhn ging cp I l thit b thn tr ng knh D, y
cn gc cn y l 60, np cu nh ln h 4 = 0,1D. Phn tr trng khng cha
dch c chiu cao h3, phn tr cha dch c chiu cao h2 = D, phn y cn c
chiu cao h1 = 0,866D
D 2 h1 D 2 0,866D 3
Vh = (h2 ) = (D ) = 1,012D
4 3 4 3
Chn Vtr = 25% Vh
D 2
Ta c: Vtr = h = 0,25Vh
4 3
Suy ra: h3 = 0,322D

Tng th tch ca thit b l: V = 1,265D3

Th tch hu ch ca thit b bng 1/3 th tch dch nhn men cp II:
Vh = 8,82/3 = 2,94(m3)
Ta c: Vh = 1,012D3 = 2,94(m3). Suy ra: D = 1,43(m)
Quy chun: D = 1500mm; h1 = 1300mm; h2 = 1500mm; h3 = 490mm;
h4 = 150mm.
Th tch thc ca thit b:
V = 1,265D3 = 1,265*1,53 =4,27(m3)
Chiu cao ca thit b:
H = h1 + h2 + h3 + h4 = 1300 + 1500 + 490 + 150 = 3440 (mm).
Khong cch t y thit b n sn nh chn bng 0,8m.
Thit b c v o lnh v cch nhit dy 100mm, ng kinh ngoi ca
thit b l: Dng = 1900mm.
Thit b nhn ging cp 1 c mt thng.
4.3.3. Thit b ra men sa kt lng
Lng sa men kt lng ng vi 1000 lt bia l 20 lt, vi 1 tank ln men
c th tch dch l 88,2m3 th th tch sa men kt lng l:
188128
20 = 1762,56(l) 1,77 (m3).
1000
Do lng nc ra men thng gp 2 ln lng men sa. Nn th tch
ca thng ra men phi gp 3 ln th tch men thu hi.
Vy th tch ca thng:
Vt = 1762,56 x 3 = 5287,68 (l) = 5,29 (m3).
H s s dng ca thng l 0,8 nn th tch ca thng l:
Vt = 5,29 / 0,8 = 6,62 (m3).
Chn thit b ra men l thit b thn tr ng knh D, y chm cu
Cc thng s ca thng:
H: Chiu cao phn hnh tr.
D: ng knh ca thng.
H: chiu cao y.
Chn H = 1,2D, h = 0,1D

Th tch ca thng ra men c tnh theo cng thc:

Vt = Vtr+ Vy
2
D2 h 2 D
Vt = H h 3
4 6 2
Vt = 0,98D3 = 6,62 (m3)
D = 1,89 (m). Chn D = 1,9 m
H = 1,2D = 2280 (m)
h = 0,1D = 190 (mm)
Chiu cao tng th ca thng: Ht = 2280 + 190 = 2470 (mm)
Vy th tch thc ca thit b ra sa men theo thit k l:
Vt = 0,98D3 = 0,98 x (1,9)3 6,73 (m3)
4.3.4. Thit b bo qun men sa.
Chn thit b bo qun men l thit b thn tr ng knh D, y cn
gc cn y l 60, np cu nh ln h 4 = 0,1D. Phn tr trng khng cha dch
c chiu cao h3, phn tr cha dch c chiu cao h2 = 1,2D, phn y cn c
chiu cao h1 = 0,866D
D 2 h1 D 2 0,866D 3
Vh = (h2 ) = (1,2D ) = 1,169D
4 3 4 3
Ly th tch phn trng ca thit b bng 1/4 th tch hu ch ca thit b,
D 2
ta c: Vtr = h3 = 0,25Vh
4
Suy ra: h3 = 0,372D
Tng th tch ca thit b l: V = 1,461D3
Ta chn mt thit b bo qun men sa s d tr c cho 3 tank.
Vh = 3 x 1,77 = 5,31 (m3).
Vh = 1,461D3 = 5,31 (m3). Suy ra D = 1,54 (m).
Quy chun:
D = 1600mm; h1 = 1390mm; h2 = 1920mm; h3 = 600mm; h4 = 160mm.
Th tch thc ca thit b:
V = 1,461D3 = 1,461*1,63 = 5,99(m3).
Chiu cao ca thit b:
H = h1 + h2 + h3 + h4 = 1390 + 1920 + 600 + 160 = 4070 (mm).

Thit b c v o lnh v cch nhit dy 100mm, ng knh ngoi ca

thit b l: Dng = 1800mm.
4.3.5. H thng CIP lnh.
H thng CIP lnh gm:
- 1 thng NaOH 2% .
- 1 thng Trimeta HC 2%.
- 1 thng P3 oxonia 0,5%.
- 1 thng hi CIP.
Mi m ln men lng CIP ra thng bng 5-8% th tch thng. Ta
tnh cho 1 tank ln men c th tch 112,5(m3), h s s dng ca cc thng CIP
l 80% th th tch mi thng cn t:
0,08*112,5/0,8 = 11,25(m3)
Chn thng CIP lm bng thp khng g, thn tr, y chp nn, nh
hnh cu:
Chn H = 1,2D; h1 = 0,2D; h2 = 0,15D.
Th tch mi thng: V = 1,055D3
Ta c: V = 1,055D3 = 11,25(m3). Suy ra: D = 2,202(m)
Quy chun: D = 2300mm; H = 2760mm; h1 = 460mm; h2 = 345mm.
Th tch thc ca mi thng: V = 1,055D3 = 1,055.2,33 = 12,84(m3)
4.4. Thit b trong phn xng hon thin
4.4.1. Thit b lc trong bia
lc trong bia y ta chn thit b lc ng inox hot ng lun
phin, ngoi ra lc tinh sn phm bia chai ta s dng thm 1 thit b lc ng
xp c cng nng sut.
Lng bia phi lc mt ngy: 84600 lt.
My lm vic khong 8 gi mt ngy. H s s dng khong 0,8 .
Vy cng sut ca my lc l:
846900
N= = 13219 (lt/h) = 13,22 (m3/h).
0,8 * 8
Chn my lc c nng sut: 12 (m3/h).
* Thit b lc ng inox: Chn my Filtrox ca c sn xut c cc thng
s k thut:

Nng sut: 120 hl/h

p sut lm vic ti a 7at
Thng lc: ng knh 0,7m, cao 1,8m, c 44 ng lc ng knh 3cm,
trn ng lc c khoan l ng knh 0,04m, tng b mt lc l 6,6m2
Thng bt c dung tch 200l, tc khuy 90v/ph, tc bm nh lng
300l/h.
* Thit b lc ng xp: Chn my lc ca c sn xut c cc thng s
k thut:
Nng sut: 120 hl/h
p sut lm vic ti a 7at
Kch thc: ng knh 60cm, cao 1,0m.
4.4.2. Thng tng tr v bo ho CO2.
tng tr, bo ho CO2 v n nh bia sau lc ta s dng 4 thng
cha thn tr ng knh D, y cu: h1 = 0,2D, np cu: h2 = 0,2D, chiu cao
thn tr:
H = 2D. Th tch ca thit b:
D 2 h h
V= H ++ 1 (h12 3r 2 ) + 2 (h22 3r 2 ) = 1,735D3
4 6 6
Th tch hu ch ca thit b chim 85% tng th tch ca thit b:
Vh = 0,85V = 1,475D3
Lng bia sau lc ng vi mt tank ln men cng chnh l ng vi mt
ngy nu l: 125,628(m3), hai tank tng tr c s dng cha cho mt tank ln
men, do mi tank tng tr phi cha c lng bia:
V = 83,752/2 = 41,876 (m3)
Ta c: Vh = 1,475D3 = 41,876(m3). Suy ra: D = 3,05(m)
Quy chun: D = 3100mm; h1 = 620mm; h2 = 620mm; H = 6200mm.
Th tch thc ca thit b: V = 1,735D3 = 1,735*3,13 = 51,69 (m3)
Thit b c v o lnh v cch nhit dy 100mm, ng knh ngoi ca
thit b: Dng = 3300mm.
4.4.3. H thng chit bock.
Lng bia hi ln nht mt ngy sn xut l: 80000(l).
* My ra bock
Chn bock c dung tch 20(l) th s bock s dng trong ngy l:
80000/20 = 4000(bock)

My ra bock lm vic 12 gi mt ngy. H s s dng my l: 80%.

Vy nng sut ca my ra bock l:
4000
NS = = 417 (bock/h)
12.0,8
Chn my ra bock c thng s k thut:
Nng sut: 500 bock/h
Kch thc: 1,5m 2,2m 2,1m
Nhit nc nng: 50 55C
Tn hao nc nng: 6 m3/h 0,4 at
Tn hao nc ngui: 2 m3/h 0,4 at
Cng sut ng c: 5 kW.
* My chit bock:
Ngy lm vic 12h, chn bock c dung tch 20l, h s s dng my l 0,8
th nng sut my chit bock cn t:
80000
NS = = 417 (bock/h) tng ng vi 8340 (l/h)
20.12.0,8
Chn my chit bock thng s k thut:
Chn my chit bock thng s k thut:
Nng sut 10000 l/h
Kch thc my: 4,15m 1,6m 3,85m
S vi chit: 3
Khong cch gia 2 vi: 1,4m
Cng sut: 0,8 kW
p sut d: 0,7 at
4.4.4. H thng chit chai.
Lng bia chai ln nht mt ngy sn xut l 80000(l).
* My ra chai:
Chn chai c dung tch 330ml th s chai cn dng mt ngy l:
80000
= 242425 (chai)
0,33
Ngy lm vic 12h, h s s dng my l 0,8 th nng sut my cn t:
242425
NS = = 25252 (chai/h)
12 0,8
Chn my ra chai c thng s k thut sau:
Nng sut: 30000 chai/h

Kch thc: 6,5m 3,44m 2,8m

Th tch b cha kim: 12m3
ng knh van xi kim: 35mm
Chu k mt vng: 12,9 pht
Thi gian ngh: 1,9 pht
S bm: 4 chic
Nng sut bm: 20 m3/h
Cng sut ng c: 7 kW
* My chit chai:
Chn my chit chai c thng s k thut:
S vi chit 45 vi
Kch thc: 3,5m 2m 3,2m
p sut chit: 0,5 1,5 kg/cm2
p sut nc cp ca bm cao p: 1 2 bar
p sut CO2 vo: 2,5 3 bar
chn khng: 0,85 0,97 bar
Cng sut ng c: 5,7 KW
4.4.5. My thanh trng:
Chn thit b thanh trng l hm thanh trng (tunel) c thng s k thut:
Kch thc 18m 2,7m 2,2m
Cng sut lp t 4,1 kW, s dng in p 3 pha: 400V, 50Hz
p sut kh nn: 6 7 bar, 150 l/ph
Hi 3 4 bar, 6 8 m3/h
Thng s hot ng:
Tc bng ti chnh: 0,339 m/ph
Nhit u vo: 4C
Nhit nc cp: 18C
Nhit nc u ra: 25 36C
Chu k chai vo ra khi my l: 62 pht
Chu k hot ng: 60 pht.Trong thi gian gia nhit 27 pht, gi nhit
10 pht, h nhit 23 pht.
Hm thanh trng c 8 khoang, mi khoang phun nc nng mt nhit
khc nhau.

Gia nhit 419C bng nc 28C

Gi nhit 64C bng nc 68C
H nhit 6459C bng nc 62C
H nhit 5949C bng nc 40C
H nhit 4932C bng nc 25C.
4.4.6. My dn nhn:
Chn my dn nhn c thng s k thut sau:
Kch thc my: 3,56m 1,2m 1,5m
Tc quay: 15 v/ph
Cng sut ng c: 0,8 kW
Trng lng my: 300 kg
S dng keo Krones hay Eticol 6300.
Chn my bn ch c thit b cm bin, iu khin t ng.
4.4.7. My xp kt:
Mt kt cha c 20 chai, my xp kt cn t nng sut:
30000
= 1500(kt/h)
20
Chn my xp kt c thng s k thut sau:
Nng sut: 1500 kt/h
Kch thc my: 1,5m 1m 2,5m.
4.4.8. My ra kt:
Chn my ra kt c thng s k thut:
Nng sut: 1500 kt/h
Kch thc my: 4m 0,7m 1,5m.

PHN V: TNH NHIT NNG, HI LNH, LNG NC

V IN NNG
5.1. Tnh hi.
Mt s cng thc c p dng tnh:
* Nhit lng cn cung cp nng nhit khi dch t t 1 ln t2 (hoc t1
xung t2):
Q1=G C (t1-t2) (kcal)
Trong :
- G: khi lng dch (Kg)
- C: nhit dung ring ca khi dch (Kcal/Kg.0C)
- t1: nhit u ca dch ( 0C)
- t2: nhit cui ca dch ( 0C)
- Nhit lng cn cung cp duy tr cc nhit :
Q2=i w (kcal)
Trong :
- i: hm nhit ca hi nc (kcal/kg)
- w: lng nc bay hi (kg)
* Lng hi cn cung cp:
Q
D (kg / h)
0,96 (ih i)
Trong
- Q: nhit lng cn cung cp (kcal)
- 0,96: bo ho ca hi nc
- : thi gian cp nhit (h)
- ih: hm nhit ca hi nc bo ho (kcal/kg)
- i: hm nhit ca nc ngng t (kcal/kg)

5.1.1. Lng hi cp cho ni h ho

Chu trnh nhit ca qu trnh h ho:
Theo phn tnh thit b nh nu: khi lng dch trong ni h ho trong
mt m nu l: G = 5778(kg).
Tng lng nc ban u trong ni h ho l: 4834 (kg). Trong : 395
lt nc c b sung cng malt lt h nhit .
Vy khi lng dch ban u l:
5778 395 = 5383 (kg)
Vy % khi lng nc ( hm m ) ca dch cho l:
W= = 0,84 hay 84%
Nhit dung ring ca khi dch c tnh theo cng thc:
100-W W C2
C= C1
100 100
Trong :
C1: Nhit dung ring ca cht ho tan, C1= 0,34 (Kcal/Kg.0C)
C2: Nhit dung ring ca nc, C2= 1 (Kcal/kg. 0C)
100 83 83 0
C 0,34 1 0,888 (Kcal/Kg C)
100 100
Qu trnh gia nhit ni h ha:
- Giai on 1: Nhit khi cho tng t 420C n 720C v gi nhit
72oC.
Lng nhit cn cung cp un dch t 420C - 720C l Q1:
Q1 G C t1 =5383*0,888*(72 - 42) = 143403,12 (kcal).
Lng nhit cn cung cp duy tr dch cho 720C trong 25 pht l
Q1, i1 W1 (Kcal)
i1: Hm nhit ca hi nc 720C (tra s tay ho cng I) ta c:
i1=627,68 (Kcal/kg)

Coi qu trnh ny lng nc bay hi l 1%. Lng nc bay hi l:

W1= 5383*1% = 53,83(Kg).
Q1' =627,68*53,83 = 33788 (Kcal).
- Giai on 2: Nhit khi cho tng t 720C 830C v gi nhit
nhit 83oC.
Khi lng ca dch cho lc ny l:
G2 = G1-W1 = 5383 53,83 = 5329,17 (Kg)
Nhit lng cn cung cp un dch t 720C 830C l :
Q2 G2 C t2 = 5329,17*0,888*(83 72) = 52055,33 (Kcal).
Lng nhit cn cung cp duy tr dch cho 830C trong 5 pht l:
Q2' i2 W2 (Kcal)
Ta c: i2=632,36 (Kcal/Kg) (Tra s tay ho cng)
Coi giai on ny lng nc bay hi l 0,5%. Vy lng nc bay hi
trong giai on ny l:
W2 = 5329,17*0,5% = 26,65 (Kg)
Q2' = 632,36*26,65 = 16852,4 (Kcal)
- Giai on 3: Nhit khi cho gim t 830C - 72oC v gi nhit
72oC
Trong giai on gim nhit t 830C - 72C ta khng cp nhit ng thi b
sung 800 kg nc v malt lt vo h nhit khi dch.
Khi lng dch cho lc ny l:
G3= (5329,17 26,65) + 395 = 5697,52 (kg).
Trong giai on gi nhit 72oC lng nc bay hi 1%. Vy lng
nc bay hi l:
W3= 5697,52*1% = 57 (kg).
Lng nhit cn cung cp gi nhit khi dch 720C l:
Q3, i3 W3 = 627,68*57 = 35762,19 (Kcal).
- Giai on 4: Nhit khi cho tng t 720C 1000C v gi nhit
100oC.

G4 = G3 - W3 = 5697,52 57 = 5640,52 (kg).

Lng nhit cn thit nng nhit t 720C 1000C l:
Q4 G4 C 4 t4 = 5640,52*0,888*(100 72) = 140245,89 (kcal).
Lng nhit duy tr dch cho 100 0C trong 15 pht l:
Q4, i4 W4 (Kcal)
Tra s tay ho cng 1 ta c: i4 = 639,4 (Kcal/Kg).
giai on ny nc bay hi l 2,5%. Vy lng nc bay hi bng:
W4 = 5640,52*2,5% = 141 (kg).
Vy: Q4
'
= 639,4*141 = 90136,7 (kcal).
Vy tng lng nhit cn cung cp cho qu trnh h ho l:
4 4
Qhh Qi Qi' = 512270,63(kcal).
i 1 i 1
Trong thc t, khi cp nhit th mt lng nhit b tn tht do:
- Truyn nhit qua thnh thit b: 2%
- Tn tht ng dn: 1%
- Lng hi tiu hao trong khong trng ca thit b: 1%
Nh vy, tng tn tht l 4%.
Lng nhit tn tht l:
512270,63 * 4% = 20490,83 (kcal).
Tng lng nhit cn cung cp l:
Q = 512270,63 + 20490,83 = 532761,46 (kcal).
Khi lng hi cn cung cp l:
Qtt
Dhh (Kg hi/h)
0,96 (ih i )
Trong :
: thi gian cp nhit trong ni h ho, = 150 (pht).
Tra bng hi nc bo ho ti iu kin p = 2 (kg/cm2), t = 119,60C ta
c: ih = 646,9 (Kcal/kg)
i = 100 (Kcal/kg)
D = = 406(Kg hi/h)

5.1.2. Lng hi cp cho ni ng ho

Chu trnh nhit ca qu trnh ng ho:
Theo phn tnh thit b nh nu lng dch c trong ni ng ha trong 1

m nu l 20640 (kg). Trong c 5490 (kg) dch cho c bm sang.
Lng dch malt: 20640 5490 = 15150 (kg).
Tng lng nc c trong ni ng ho sau khi hi cho l:
(4834 53,83 26,64 57 141) + 12161 = 16717,52 (kg).
Vy m ca dch cho l:
W= = 81%
100-W W C2
C= C1
100 100
Trong :
C1: nhit dung ring ca cht ho tan, C1=0,34 (Kcal/Kg.0C)
C2:nhit dung ring ca nc, C2=1 (Kcal/Kg.0C)
C = (100 81) : 100 0,34 + 81 : 100 = 0,875
Qu trnh gia nhit trong ni ng ha:
- Giai on 1: Nng nhit khi dch t 40oC n 50oC v gi nhit 5'
50oC.
Lng nhit cn cung cp nng nhit khi dch t 400C - 500C l Q1:
Q1 G1 C t1 = 15150*0,875*(50 40) = 132562,5 (kcal).
Lng nhit cn cung cp duy tr khi dch 500C trong 5 pht l:
Q1, i1 W1 (Kcal)
i1: Hm nhit ca hi nc 500C, tra s tay ho cng I ta c:
i1=618 (Kcal/kg)
Coi qu trnh ny lng nc bay hi l 0,1%. Lng nc bay hi l:

W1 = 15150*0,1% = 15,15 (kg).

Q1' = 618*15,15 = 9362,7 (kcal).
- Giai on 2: Nng nhit khi dch t 500C 650C v gi nhit 65oC
trong 15'.
Khi lng ca dch malt lc ny l:
G2 = G1 - W1 = 15150 15,15 = 15134,85 (kg).
Sau khi hi cho nhit khi dch tng ln 65oC.
Lng nhit cn cung cp duy tr dch cho 650C trong 15 pht l:
Q2' i2 W2 (Kcal)
Tra s tay ho cng I ta c: i2 = 624,7 (Kcal/Kg)
Coi giai on ny lng nc bay hi l 1%. Vy lng nc bay hi
trong giai on ny l:
W2 = (20640 15,15)*1% = 206,25 (Kg)
Q2' = 624,7*206,25 = 128843,44 (Kcal)
- Giai on 3: Nng nhit khi dch t 650C - 750C v gi nhit khi dch
75oC trong 20'.
G3 = G2 W2 = 20640 206,25 = 20433,75 (kg).
Lng nhit cn cung cp nng nhit khi dch t 650C 750C l:
Q3 G3 C t3 20433,75*0,875*(75 65) = 178795,3 (kcal).
Lng nhit duy tr khi dch 750C trong 20 pht l:
Q3, i3 W3 (Kcal)
Tra s tay ta c: i3 = 629 (Kcal/Kg).
giai on ny nc bay hi l 1,5%
W3 = 20433,75*1,5% = 306,5 (kg).
Q '3 629*306,5 = 192792,5 (kcal).
- Giai on 4: Nng nhit khi dch t 750C 760C
G4 G3 W3 20433,75 306,5 = 20127,25 (kg).
Lng nhit cn cung cp nng nhit khi dch t 750C 760C l:

Q4 G4 C t4 20127,25*0,875*(76 75) = 17611,34 (kcal).

Vy tng lng nhit cn cung cp cho qu trnh h ho l:
4 4
Qdh Qi Qi' = 659967,8(kcal).
i 1 i 1
Trong thc t, khi cp nhit th mt lng nhit b tn tht do:
- Truyn nhit qua thnh thit b: 2%
- Tn tht ng dn: 1%
- Lng hi tiu hao trong khong trng ca thit b: 1%
Nh vy, tng tn tht l 4%.
Lng nhit tn tht l:
659967,8* 4% = 26399 (kcal).
Vy lng nhit thc t cn cung cp l:
659967,8 + 26399 = 686366,8 (kcal).
Khi lng hi cn cung cp l:
Qtt
Qdh (Kg hi/h).
0,96 (ih i)
Trong :
: thi gian cp nhit trong ni ng ha, =75 (pht).
Tra bng hi nc bo ho ti iu kin p = 2 (kg/cm2), t = 119,60C ta
c: ih = 646,9 (Kcal/kg)
i = 100 (Kcal/kg)
Ddh = = 1120,5
5.1.3. Lng hi cp cho qu trnh un hoa

Chu trnh nhit qu trnh un hoa:
Th tch dch ng cho vo ni un hoa l: 26,02 m3.

Khi lng ring ca dch ng l d = 1,046(kg/l). Vy khi lng dch
ng l:

G = 26,02*1,046*1000 = 27060,8 (kg).

Dch ng c nng 11,5oBx, tc l lng nc chim khong 88,5%.
100-W W C2
C= C1
100 100
Trong :
C1: nhit dung ring ca cht ho tan, C1=0,34 (Kcal/Kg.0C)
C2:nhit dung ring ca nc, C2=1 (Kcal/Kg.0C)
C= (kcal/kgoC).
Sau khi lc nhit khi dch khong 950C.Nhit lng cn cung cp
nng nhit ca khi dich t 950C ln 1000C l:
Q= G C t = 27060,8*0,92*(105 95) = 248952,37 (kcal).
Nhit lng duy tr khi dch to = 105oC trong 70 l:
Q' i.w'
Tra bng s tay ha cng I 105oC i = 641,3 (kcal/kg)
Qua trnh un hoa, nc bay hi 10%. Vy lng nc bay hi bng:
W = 27060,8*10% = 2706,00 (kg).
Q = 641,3*2706,00 = 1735360,37 (kcal).
Vy lng nhit cp cho ni nu hoa l:
Qh = Q + Q = 248952,37 + 1735360,37 = 1984312,74(kcal).
Tn tht nhit trong qu trnh cp l 4%.
Lng nhit tn tht l:
Qt = 1984312,74*4% = 79372,5 (kcal).
Vy lng nhit thc t cp cho ni un hoa l:
Qtt = 1984312,74 + 79372,5 = 2262116,99 (kcal).
Vy lng hi cn cp cho ni un hoa l:
2262116,99
Dh 3693,08 (kg hi/gi).
70
0,96 (646,9 100)
5.1.4. Lng
60 hi cp cho thit b un nc nng
Theo phn tnh thit b th thit b un nc nng c th tch l 19,63m3,

Cha lng nc nng khong: 14,6 m3. Ta tnh cho 20 m3.

Gi s nhit nc em vo un nng l 25oC, v nhit nc nng

cn t ti l 90oC.
Vy lng nhit cn cung cp un nc nng l:
Q = G.C.t = 20000*1*(90 25) = 1300000 (kcal).
Lng nhit tn tht l:
Qt = 1300000*4% = 52000 (kcal).
Lng nhit thc t cn cp l:
Qtt = 1300000 + 52000 = 1352000 (kcal).
Gi s thi gian un nc cn 3h th lng hi cn cp l:
Dnn= (kghi/h).
5.1.5. Lng hi cp cho phn xng hon thin
Trong mt ngy lng bia c chit chai l 80000 lt. Theo nh tnh
ton trn th nng sut ca my l 25252 (chai/h)
Nc ban u c nhit 25C c un nng ti nhit 65C,
Khi lng ca mi chai bia l 0,65 kg/chai, C = 1 kcal/kg0C.
Lng nhit thanh trng cho bia chai trong mt gi l:
Q = 25252 x 0,65 x (65 25) = 656552 (kcal/h)
Lng nhit tn tht l:
Qt = 656552*4% = 26262,08 (kcal).
Lng nhit thc t cn cp l:
Qtt = 656552 + 26262,08 = 682814,08 (kcal).
Vy lng hi cn thit thanh trng bia trong 1 gi l:
Qht
Dht = = = 1300,54 (kghi/h)
0,96 (i h in )
5.1.6. Chn ni hi
Vy lng hi cn cung cp cho cc thit b ni trn l:
D = 406 + 1120,5 + 3693,08 + 858,37 + 1300,54 = 7378,5(kghi/h).

Ngoi ra cn cn lng hi cho cc b phn khc nh thanh trng ca cc

ni, ng ng ...lng ny chim 2%.
Vy lng hi cn cung cp l:
Gh = 7378,5 + 7378,5 *2% = 7526,07 (kghi/h) = 7,53 Tn hi/gi.
Tn tht nhit v hi t trn h thng ng ng cp hi cho ton nh
my khong 10% tng lng hi tiu th cho ton nh my.
Vy lng hi thc t cn cung cp l:
Ghtt = 7,53 + 7,53*10% = 8,283 Tn hi/h.
H s s dng ca ni hi l: 0,8
Vy nng sut ca ni hi:
G= = 10,36 Tn hi/h.
Da vo hi cn cung cp ta chn ni hi c cc c im sau:
- Ni hi dng nguyn liu l than
- Chn 1 ni hi: Ni c nng sut 6 tn hi/gi
Bng 5.1: Bng cc thng s ca ni hi
M hiu LT6/10KE
Nng sut lm vic 6 tn/h
p sut lm vic 10 bar
Nhit hi bo ha 183 0 C
Din tch tip nhit 184,4 m2
Sut tiu hao nhit 740 kg/h
Th tch cha hi 2,05 m3
Th tch cha nc 6,6 m3
Kch thc thit b 6,21 x 3,0 x 4,2
5.1.7. Tnh nhin liu cho ni hi.
L hi s dng nhin liu dng rn l than . Lng nhin liu cn dng
c tnh theo cng thc:
M = D (ih in ) (kg/h).
Q 1 2

D: Lng hi tiu th (kg/h)

Q: Nhit lng ca than Q = 6500 (kcal/kg).
ih: Hm nhit ca hi nc bo ho p sut 8at; ih = 662,3 (kcal/kg).
in: Hm nhit ca nc ban u ( 25C); in = 25 (kcal/kg).
1: H s t chy ca than 1 = 0,9
2: H s s dng ca l hi 2 = 0,8
M= = 1410,78 (kg/h).
Lng than cn cung cp trong mt ngy:
Mthan = 24M = 24*1410,78 = 33859 (kg) = 33,86 (tn/ngy).
Lng than cn cung cp trong mt thng (thng lm vic nhiu nht 25
ngy):
25*33,86 = 846,5 (tn/thng).
Lng than cn cung cp trong mt nm (lm vic 250 ngy):
250*33,86 = 8465 (tn/nm).
5.2. Tnh lnh cho nh my.
5.2.1. Tnh lng nc 2oC dng cho my lnh nhanh
Lng nhit ta ra t dch ng l:
Q = m.C.t (kcal).
+ m: khi lng dch ng sau lng xoy
m = 88128*1,046 = 92181,89 (kg).
+ m ca khi dch l: 88%.
100 w w
+ Nhit dung ring ca khi dch: C .C 1
100 C 2
.
100
0,34( Kcal / kg oC )
Vi: C 1
C 2
1( Kcal / kg oC )
100 88 88 o
C= 0,34 1 0,92 (kcal/kg C).
100 100
Ql = 92181,89*0,92*(96 9) = 7378238,32 (kcal/ngy)
y cng l lng nhit nc lnh nhn c, nn ta c:
Q = m.C.t

m = = 94592,8 (kg)
Vy lng nc lnh cn dng cho mt m l:
= 23648 (kg) = 24m3.
5.2.2. Tnh lnh cho thit b ln men.

a. Giai on ln men chnh:
Lng lnh cung cp b vo lng nhit sinh ra do qu trnh ln men
C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + CO2 + 37,3 kcal
- C 180 g ng ln men th ta ra mt lng nhit l 37,3 kcal. Vy
lng nhit ta ra khi ln men 1kg ng l:
37,3.1000
q 180
207, 22 (kcal)
- Lng dch ng i ln men ng vi mt tank ln men bia chai l:

132192 lt.
- Dch ng i ln men c nng cht kh l 11,5Bx, c khi lng
ring 1,046 kg/l.
- Khi lng dch ng a i ln men:
Gc = 88128*1,046 = 92181,89 (kg)
- Trung bnh mi ngy ln men nng cht kh ca dch gim 1,5Bx,
tc l mt ngy ng vi 1tank ln men lng cht kh chuyn ho l:
G= = 1382,73 (kg).
- Vy lng nhit lnh cn cung cp cn bng vi lng nhit sinh ra
trong qu trnh ln men chnh cho mt tng ln men l:
Qc = G.q = 1282*207,22 = 286528,97 (kcal/ngy)
- Thi gian ln men chnh l 7 ngy, nn c ngy c 7 thng ln men
giai on ln men chnh. Vy lng lnh ti a cp trong mt ngy l:
Q1c = Qc*7 = 286528,97 *7 = 2005702,78 (kcal/ngy).
Tn tht lnh qua lp cch nhit:
Qn = f.k.(tn - tt) (kcal/h)
Trong :
f: Din tch truyn nhit (m2)

k: H s cch nhit qua lp cch nhit, k = 0,3 (kcal/m2 oC.h)

tn: Nhit bn ngoi thng ln men, tn = 30oC
tt: Nhit ben trong thng ln men, tt = 9oC
Nu coi tn tht ch yu phn tr v y ca thng ln men ta c:
f = .Dng.H + . .Dng.h1 = 3,14*4*8,83 + 0,5*3,14*4*3,3 = 131,63 (m2)
Qn =131,63*0,3*(30 - 9) = 829,26 (kcal/h) hay 19902,28 (kcal/ngy)
Lng lnh tn tht ti a trong mt ngy:
Q2C = Qn.7 = 19902,28*7 = 139316 (kcal/ngy)
+ Lng nhit lnh cn cung cp cho cc tank ln men trong giai on ln
men chnh mt ngy:
QLMchnh = Q1c + Q2c = 2005702,78+ 139316 = 2145018,7 (kcal/ngy)
b. Giai on h nhit dch.
Khi kt thc ln men chnh bia non c nng cht kh 3Bx c h
nhit t 9C xung 5C thc hin qu trnh x nm men kt lng, sau tip
tc h nhit khi dch xung 2C v thc hin qu trnh ln men ph.
100 w w
Nhit dung ring ca khi dch: C .C 1
100 C 2
.
100
100 97 97 o
C= 0,34 1 0,98 (kcal/kg C).
100 100
Th tch dch ng ng vi 1 tank ln men: 88128 lt. Gi s kt thc
qu trnh ln men chnh tn tht 3%. Lng dch cn li l:
88128 * (1 0,03 ) = 85484,16(kg)
Bia c nng cht kh 3Bx, c khi lng ring 1,012(kg/l). Khi
lng dch cn lm lnh:
G = 85484,16*1,012 = 86510 (kg).
Gi s trong giai on ny tn tht lnh ra mi trng khong 5%.
Tng lng lnh cn cung cp:
G.C. t
QH nhit = = = 624694 (kcal).
0,95
c. Giai on ln men ph.
Thc t c trong mt lt bia non tiu th 0,25 kcal/ngy, lng bia non
trong mt thng ln men l: 85484,16
Lng lnh cp cho mt thng ln men giai on ln men ph mi
ngy l:

QP = 85484,16*0,25 = 21371,04 (kcal/ngy)

Mt ngy c th c 15 tank ln men giai on ln men ph
Q1P = 21371,04*15 = 320565,6 (kcal/ngy).
Tn hao lnh qua lp cch nhit
Tng t phn trn ta c:
Qn = 131,63*0,3*(30 - 2) = 1105,7 (kcal/h) = 26536,61 (kcal/ngy).
Lng nhit tn hao lnh ti a trong mt ngy cc thng ln men l:
Q2P = 26536,61*15 = 398049,12 (kcal/ngy)
Vy lng lnh cp cho qu trnh ln men ph l:
QLMph = Q1P + Q2P = 320565,6 + 398049,12 = 718614,72 (kcal/ngy).
* Lng nhit lnh ln nht cn cp cho cc tank ln men trong mt
ngy l:
QLn men = QLM chnh + QH nhit + QLM ph
= 2145018,7 + 624694 + 718614,72 = 3488327,42 (kcal/ngy).
5.2.3. Tnh lnh cho thit b nhn men.
a.Thit b nhn ging cp II.
Lng ng nhn men cp II bng 10% dch ln men tc l 8822 lt,
dch ng c nng 11,5oBx, d = 1,046 (kg/l).
Vy khi lng dch ng:
M = 8822*1,046 = 9227,812 (kg).
Hm lng cht ha tan c trong dch ng l:
Mt = 9227,812*0,12 = 1061,2 (kg)
Trong c 75% hm lng c ln men, do lng ng ln men l:
75
1061,2* = 795,9 (kg).
100
C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + CO2 + 37,3 kcal
Lng nhit sinh ra khi ln men 795,9 kg ng ln men l:
Q1 = 795,9*207,22 = 164926,15 (kcal).
Tn hao nhit qua lp cch nhit:
Q 2
f .k . t t
n t
(kcal/h)
f = .Dng.H + . .Dng.h1 = 3,14*2,3*2,780 + 0,5*3,14*2,3*1,870

= 26,83 (m2).

k = 0,3 kcal/m2 oC.h

tn = 30oC
tt = 12oC
Q2= 26,83*0,3*(30 12) = 144,88 (kcal/h) hay 3477(kcal/ngy)
Vy tng lng nhit lnh cp cho thng nhn men ging cp II trong mt
ngy l:
QCII = Q1 + Q2 = 164926,15 + 3477 = 168403,28 (kcal/ngy).
b. Thit b nhn men ging cp I.
Lng dch ng dng nhn ging cp I bng 1/3 lng dch ng
dng nhn ging cp II l: 2941 lt, s dng dch ng c nng 11,5 0Bx c
d = 1,046 (kg/l).
Vy khi lng dch ng:
M = 2941*1,046 = 3076,29 (kg).
Khi lng cht ha tan trong dch ng l:
Mt = 3076,29*0,12 = 353,78 (kg).
- Trong c 75% hm lng ng ln men c. Vy lng ng c
kh nng ln men trong thng nhn men ging cp I l:
75
353,78* = 265,33 (kg).
100
- Theo tnh ton trn ta c: Lng nhit ta ra thit b trong mt ngy
l:
Q1 = 265,33*207,22 = 54981,62 (kcal/ngy).
Tn tht lnh qua lp cch nhit :
Q 2
f .k .(t n t ) (kcal/h).
t
f = .Dng.H + . .Dng.h1 = 3,14*1,7*1,99 + 0,5*3,14*1,7*1,3

= 14,09 (m2).
tn = 30oC
tt = 16oC
Q2= 14,09*0,3*(30 16) = 59,19 (kcal/h) hay 1420,5(kcal/ngy)
Vy tng lng nhit lnh cp cho thng nhn men ging cp II
trong mt ngy l:
QCI = Q1 + Q2 = 54981,62 + 1420,5 = 56402,13 (kcal/ngy).

c. Ra men.
- Lng nc ra men bng 2 ln lng men c thu c trong mt
thng
- Theo phn tnh cn bng: Lng men thu c trong mt tank ln men
l: 1762,56 lt.
Lng nc ra men:
Vn = 1762,56*2 = 3525,12 (lt).
Lng lnh lm nc ra men h t 25oC xung 4oC trong thi gian
mt ngy l:
Qrm = 1762,56*1*(25 - 4) = 37013,76 (kcal/ngy).
d. Bo qun men sa.
Men sa sau ra, kim tra hot lc cn c bo qun lnh nhit 0
2C. Tn tht lnh trong qu trnh bo qun:
Q = f.k.(tn - tt) (kcal/h)
Trong :
f = .Dng.H + ..Dng.h1 = 3,14*1,8*2,52 + 0,5*3,14*1,8*1,36
= 18,17 (m2).
tn = 30oC
tt = 0oC
Qbo qun = 18,17*0,3*(30 0) = 163,54 (kcal/h)
hay 3924,98 (kcal/ngy)
5.2.4. Tnh lnh cp cho thng cha bia.
Sau khi lc, nhit ca bia tng ln khong 5oC, ta h xung nhit
2oC
- Lng bia non a vo tank tng tr l: 88200 lt, c khi lng ring d
= 1,01 kg/l.
Khi lng bia non l:
G = 88200*1,010 = 89082 (kg).
- Theo phn tnh lnh cho thit b ln men,nhit dung ring ca bia non l:
C = 0,98 (kcal/kg oC)
Lng nhit lnh cn cung cp h nhit bia non t 5 oC xung
2oC l:
Q1 = G.C.t = 89082*0,98*(5 - 2) = 291901,08 (kcal).

Tn tht lnh qua lp cch nhit (coi tn tht ch yu phn tr).

Q2 = f.k.(tn tt) (kcal/h)
f = .Dng.H = 3,14*2,5*5,0 = 39,25 (m2).
k = 0,3 kcal/m2 oC
tn = 30oC
tt = 1oC
Q2 = 39,25*0,3*(30 - 2) = 329,7 (kcal/h)
hay 7912,8 (kcal/ngy).
Vy tng lng lnh cp cho thng cha bia l:
Qcha = Q1 + Q2 = 261901,08 + 7912,8 = 269813,88 (kcal/ngy).
Vy tng lng lnh cn cung cp cho ton b nh my trong mt ngy l:
Qtng = Ql + Qln men + QCII + QCI + Qrm +Qbo qun + Qcha
= 11402123,77 (kcal/ngy).
5.2.5. Chn my lnh.
Lng lnh cp cho nh my trong mt gi l:
Q1 = = 475088,49(kcal/h).
Tn hao lnh trn h thng ng ng vn chuyn lu th v cc thng
cha nc, glycol khong 10% tng lng nhit lnh tiu th cho h thng
sn xut chnh ca nh my. Tng lng nhit lnh tiu th cho h thng sn
xut chnh ca nh my mt gi:
Q = 475088,49 + 475088,49 * 10% = 522597,34 (kcal/h).
Chn h thng lnh s dng mi cht l NH3, cht ti lnh trung gian l
nc glycol 26%. Nc glycol c lm lnh xung nhit khong 4C n
2C c cha trong thng glycol. T y nc glycol c a i lm
lnh cc b phn, nc glycol sau cp lnh nhit tng ln khong 5 7C
c cha trong bnh glycol hi li c a qua h thng lm lnh tr thnh
nc glycol lnh.
Chn 3 my lnh c nng sut 400000 kcal/h lm vic lun phin nhau.
5.3. Tnh in tiu th cho nh my
5.3.1. Tnh ph ti chiu sng
Nh my c s dng n si t thng thng v b tr n neon vo cc
ni cn thit.
5.3.1.1.Cch b tr n
Trong phn xng sn xut vic b tr n ph thuc v cc thng s sau:

- Chiu cao n ph thuc vo chiu cao thit b, v tr lm vic, thng

ly H = 2,5 4,5m.
- Khong cch gia cc n: L = 2 3m.
- Khong cch n ngoi cng n tng: = (0,25 0,35)L
2
- S n b tr theo chiu dc nh: n1 = 1
L
2
- S n b tr theo chiu ngang nh: n2 = 1
L
Trong :
A: chiu di nh (m)
B: l chiu rng nh (m)
Phng php tnh ph ti theo cng sut ring, theo phng php ny nu
trn 1 m2 sn nh c cng sut chiu sng l p th ton b sn nh S c cng sut
chiu sng l:
P = p x S (cng sut tnh)
S n tng cng l n th cng sut mi n l:
P
P =
n
y ta dng loi n c cng sut P = 60W = 0,06kW
5.3.1.2. Tnh ton n chiu sng
Kho cha nguyn liu
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 42m
B = 18m
n1 = + 1 = 15 (bng)
n2 = +1 = 7 (bng)
Tng s bng trong kho cha nguyn liu l: 15 x 7 = 105 bng
Vy cng sut chiu sng l: P = P x n = 0,06 x 105 = 6,3 (kW)
n chiu sng phn xng nu
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 42m
B = 18m

n1 = +1 = 15 (bng)
n2 = +1= 7 (bng)
Tng s bng ca phn xng nu l: 15 x 7 = 105 (bng)
Vy cng sut chiu sng l:
P = P x n = 0,06 x 105 = 6,3 (kW)
n chiu sng phn xng ln men
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 36m
B = 30m
n1 = +1 = 13 (bng)
n2 = +1= 11 (bng)
Tng s bng ca phn xng nu l: 13 x 1 = 143 (bng)
P = P x n = 0,06 x 143 = 8,58 (kW)
n chiu sng phn xng hon thin
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 42m
B = 18m
n1 = +1 = 15 (bng)
n2 = +1= 7 (bng)
Tng s bng ca phn xng hon thin l: 15 x 7 = 105 (bng)
P = P x n = 0,06 x 105 = 6,3 (kW)
Kho sn phm
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 60m
B = 18m
n1 = +1 = 21 (bng)

n2 = +1 = 7 (bng)
Tng s bng trong kho cha sn phm l: 21 x 7 = 147 bng
Xng c in
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 12m
B = 6m
n1 = +1 = 5 (bng)
n2 = +1 = 3 (bng)
Tng s bng trong phn xng c in l: 5 x 3 = 15 bng
n chiu sng phn xng ni hi
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 12m
B = 9m
n1 = +1 = 5 (bng)
n2 = +1 = 4 (bng)
Tng s bng trong phn xng ni hi l: 5 x 4 = 20 bng
Bi cha than
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 18m
B = 12m
n1 = +1 = 7 (bng)
n2 = +1 = 5 (bng)
Tng s bng trong bi cha than l: 7 x 5 = 35 bng
Bi cha x
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 12m
B = 6m

n1 = +1 = 5 (bng)
n2 = +1 = 3 (bng)
Tng s bng trong bi cha than l: 5 x 3 = 15 bng
Trm bin th
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 6m
B = 6m
n1 = +1 = 3 (bng)
n2 = +1 = 3 (bng)
Tng s bng trong trm bin th l: 3 x 3 = 9 bng
Gara t
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 40m
B = 12m
n1 = +1 = 14 (bng)
n2 = +1 = 5 (bng)
Tng s bng trong gara t l: 14 x 5 = 70 bng
Vy cng sut chiu sng l: P = P x n = 0,06 x 70 = 4,2(kW)
Nh x l nc cp
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 24m
B = 12m
n1 = +1 = 9 (bng)
n2 = +1 = 5 (bng)
Tng s bng trong nh x l nc l : 9 x 5 = 45 bng
Nh x l nc thi
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m

A = 24m
B = 12m
n1 = + 1 = 9 (bng)
n2 = + 1 = 5 (bng)
Tng s bng trong nh x l nc l : 9 x 5 = 45 bng
Nh hnh chnh
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 24m
B = 9m
n1 = +1 = 9 (bng)
n2 = +1 = 4 (bng)
Tng s bng trong nh hnh chnh l: 9 x 4 x 2 = 72 bng
Hi trng, nh n
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 25m
B = 18m
n1 = + 1 = 9 (bng)
n2 = + 1 = 7 (bng)
Tng s bng trong hi trng, cu lc b l: 9 x 7 x 2 = 126 bng
Nh hng bia
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 41m
B = 25m
n1 = +1 = 15 (bng)
n2 = +1 = 9 (bng)
Tng s bng trong nh hng l: 15 x 9 = 135 bng

Nh xe p, xe my
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 30m
B = 9m
n1 = +1 = 11 (bng)
n2 = +1 = 4 (bng)
Tng s bng trong nh xe l: 11 x 4 = 44 bng
Nh v sinh, tm git, thay qun o
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 12m
B = 9m
n1 = + 1 = 5 (bng)
n2 = + 1 = 4 (bng)
Tng s bng l: 5 x 4 = 20 bng
Phng bo v
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 6m
B = 6m
n1 = + 1 = 3 (bng)
n2 = + 1 = 3 (bng)
Tng s bng trong phng bo v l: 3 x 3 x 2= 18 bng
Vy cng sut chiu sng l: P = P x n = 0,06 x 18= 1,08 (kW)
Nh lnh, thu CO2
Chn L = 3m l = 0,25 x 3 = 0,75m
A = 24m
B = 12m
n1 = + 1 = 9 (bng)
n2 = + 1 = 5 (bng)

Tng s bng trong phn xng ln men l: 9 x 5 = 45 bng

n chiu sng ng i trong nh my
C 20m b tr 1 bng, khong 40 bng n cng sut ca bng l 0,1kW
P2 = 40 x 0,1 = 4 kW.
Bng 5.2: Bng cc khu vc, nh dng n chiu sng
S lng Cng sut Tng cng

STT B phn chiu sng
(chic) (kw/chic) sut (kw)
1 Phn xng nu 105 0,06 6,3
2 Nh phn xng ln men 143 0,06 8,58
3 Phn xng hon thin 105 0,06 6,3
4 Kho cha nguyn liu 105 0,06 6,3
5 Kho sn phm 147 0,06 8,82
6 Xng c in 15 0,06 0,9
7 Phn xng ni hi 20 0,06 1,2
8 Bi cha than 35 0,06 2,1
9 Bi cha x 15 0,06 0,9
10 Trm bin th 9 0,06 0,54
11 Gara t 70 0,06 4,2
12 Nh x l nc cp 45 0,06 2,7
13 Nh x l nc thi 45 0,06 2,7
14 Nh hnh chnh 72 0,06 4,32
15 Hi trng, nh n 126 0,06 7,56
16 Nh hng bia 135 0,06 8,1
17 Nh xe CBCNV 44 0,06 2,64
18 Nh v sinh 20 0,06 1,2
19 Phng bo v 18 0,06 1,08
20 Nh lnh, thu CO2 45 0,06 2,7
21 n chiu sng ng i trong 40 0,1 4
nh my
Tng (PCS) 83,14

5.3.2. Tnh ph ti sn xut

Gm cc my mc hot ng di tc dng ca ng lc
Bng 5.3: Cng sut cc thit b trong nh my
Cng sut nh Tng cng

STT Tn thit b S lng
mc (kw/chic) sut (kw)
1 Gu ti, vt ti 2,25 4 9
2 My nghin malt 8 1 8
3 My nghin i mch 6 1 6
4 Ni h ha 10 1 10
5 Ni ng ha 15 1 15
6 Thit b lc y bng 7,5 1 7,5
9 My ra bock 5 1 5
10 My chit bock 0,8 1 0,8
11 My ra chai 20 1 20
12 My chit chai 5,7 1 5,7
14 My thanh trng 8 1 8
15 My dn nhn 0,8 1 0,8
16 My ra kt 0,5 1 0,5
16 Bm ly tm 5 15 75
17 My lnh 80 2 160
18 My nn 40 1 40
19 ng c khc 75 1 75
Tng cng (PDL) 431
Ngoi nhng thit b my mc k trn, trong nh my cn c cc loi ph

ti ng lc khc nh qut ht, qut y, trm x l nc, xng c in... Ta
ly bng 15% ph ti ng lc k trn. Vy ph ti ng lc ca ton nh my
l:
PDL = 431 x 1,15 = 495,65 (kW/h)
Ph ti ca ton nh my l:
PT = PCS + PDL = 83,14 + 495,65 = 578,79 (kW/h)

5.3.3. Xc nh ph ti tiu th thc t

5.3.3.1. Ph ti chiu sng.
Ph ti chiu sng c tnh theo cng thc
PCS = k1 x P
Trong : k1 : H s s dng ca ph ti chiu sng: k1 = 0.9
P : Tng cng sut chiu sng P = 83,14 (Kw)
Vy: PCS = k1 x P = 0,9 x 83,14 = 74,826 (Kw)
5.3.3.2. Ph ti ng lc.
Ph ti ng lc c tnh theo cng thc
Pl = k2 x P
Trong : k2 : H s s dng ca ph ti chiu sng: k2 = 0.5
P : Tng cng sut ng lc P = 495,65 (Kw)
Vy: PDL = k2 x P = 0,5 x 495,65 = 297,33 (Kw)
5.3.4. Tnh in tiu th hng nm
5.3.4.1. in chiu sng:
ACS = PCS x TCS (Kwh)
Trong : PCS : Cng sut chiu sng thc t
TCS : Thi gian chiu sng thc t TCS = k1 x k2
Trong : k1 : Thi gian thp sng trong ngy tnh trung bnh 10h/ngy
k2 : S ngy lm vic trong mt nm 300 ngy.
Vy in nng tiu th cho mt nm chiu sng trong c nm:
ACS = 74,826 x 10 x 300 = 224478 (Kwh).
in ng lc:
Thi gian lm vic trong ngy trung bnh cho ton b my mc l 22h, s
ngy lm vic trong mt nm l 300 ( ngy).
Vy: ADL = 297,33 x 22 x 300 = 1962378 (Kwh).
5.3.4.2. Tng in nng tiu th cho ton nh my hng nm l:
A = ACS + ADL = 224478 + 1962378 = 2186856(Kwh).
5.3.4.3. in nng tiu th thc t ca nh my:
ATT = A x kha
Trong : kha : H s hao ph ca my bin p kha = 1,02
Vy: ATT = 2186856 x 1,02 = 2230593,12 (Kwh).

5.3.5. Chn my bin p.

Cng sut bin p theo d kin: : S = P /Cos
Vi: P = PCS + PDL = 74,826 + 297,33 = 372,156 (Kwh)
Chn Cos = 0,8
Vy: S = 372,156 / 0,8 = 465,195 (Kwh).
Chn my bin p nhn hiu TC3 630/10 c cc c tnh sau:
- Cng sut nh mc 632 (KVA)
- in p cun dy:
Cao p: 6 Kv
H p: 0,69 Kv
- Kch thc: 1580 x 1110 x 1920 mm
- Khi lng: 820 kg
5.3.6. Chn my pht in d phng.
phng in li b mt t ngt, nh my c trang b thm mt my
pht in d phng vi cng sut 500 KVA chy bng du DO.
5.4. Tnh nc cho ton nh my
Nh my s dng nc ging khoan, c a qua h thng x l m bo
yu cu cht lng nc theo tiu chun.
5.4.1. Lng nc dng trong phn xng nu.
Lng nc cn cp cho phn xng nu nhiu nht mt ngy (ng vi
nu bia chai).
Lng nc cp cho qu trnh nu:
V1 = (4716,3 + 11948 + 10456)*4 = 108481,2 (lt) = 108,48 (m3).
Lng nc v sinh bng 10% so vi th tch cc ni trong phn xng
nu:
V2 = (7,22 + 27,67 + 26,18 + 38,24 + 32,43)*10% = 13,174 (m3)
Lng nc v sinh phn xng nu: khong 2 m3 mt ngy.
Vy lng nc cp cho phn xng nu trong mt ngy l:
Vnu = 108,48 + 13,174 + 2 = 123,654 (m3/ngy).
5.4.2. Nc dng lm lnh nhanh dch ng
Lng nc dng lm lnh nhanh dch ng nh tnh trn l:
3
17(m /ngy).

Qu trnh lm lnh nhanh tn tht khong 10%. Vy lng nc cn

lm lnh c ngy l:
Vll = 17 + 17* 10% = 18,7 (m3/ngy).
5.4.3. Lng nc dng cho phn xng ln men.
Lng nc dng v sinh thit b ln men ly bng 10% th tch thit
b. Mi ngy ta v sinh mt thng ln men. Vy lng nc cn cung cp l:
V1 = 112,5*10% = 11,25 (m3).
Lng nc v sinh cho phn xng: khong 2 m3/ngy.
Lng nc dng v sinh cho cc thit b gy men cp I, II ly bng 10%
th tch thit b. Mi ngy ta v sinh mt ln, vy lng nc cn cung cp l:
V2 = = 1,701 (m3).
Theo phn tnh lnh th lng nc lnh ra men (c mt ngy ra
men mt ln) l:
V3 = 3,53 (m3).
Vy tn lng nc dng trong phn xng ln men l:
Vlnmen = 11,25 + 1,701 + 3,53 + 2 = 18,481 (m3/ngy).
5.4.4. Lng nc dng cho phn xng hon thin sn phm.
Lng nc ra thit b lc: chn 500 (l/ngy) hay 0,5 m3.
Lng nc v sinh tank cha bia, ly 10% so vi th tch thit b:
= 10,844 (m3).
* Vi bia hi:
Lng nc ra bock.
S lng bock s dng trong mt ngy l 4000 bock, ra mi bock mt
khong 6 lt.
Vy lng nc ra bock l:
4000*6 = 24000 (lt) hay 24 (m3).
Lng nc v sinh phn xng: khong: 2 m3/ngy.
Lng nc v sinh my chit bock l: 1 m3/ngy.
Vy tng lng nc dng cho phn xng hon thin cho bia hi l:
Vhi = 0,5 + 10,844 + 24 + 2 + 1 = 38,344 (m3/ngy).
* Vi bia chai:

Trong mt ngy lng bia c chit chai l 80000 lt. Coi lng nc
dng thanh trng chai v ra chai, ra kt ng vi mt lt bia l 0,6 lt.
Vy lng nc cn l:
V = 80000*0,6 = 48000 (lt) hay 48 (m3).
Vy tng lng nc dng cho phn xng hon thin cho bia chai l:
Vchai = 0,5 + 10,844 + 48 + 2 = 61,344 (m3/ngy).
Nh vy lng nc ln nht cn cung cp cho phn xng hon thin
trong mt ngy thc hin qu trnh sn xut khong: Vhon thin = 99,688
(m3).
5.4.5. Lng nc dng cho ni hi.
Lng nc dng cho ni hi chnh bng lng hi cn dng cho nh
my, nhng ta c tun hon li khong 80% lng nc ngng. Nn lng nc
dng cho ni hi bng 20% so vi lng hi cn dng:
Vni hi = 10,56*24*20% = 50,7 (m3/ngy).
5.4.6. Lng nc cp cho my lnh.
Trung bnh c 1 ngy tn tht do truyn lnh khong: Vm.lnh = 10 m3.
5.4.7. Lng nc dng cho sinh hot v cc cng vic khc.
Nc dng trong sinh hot: nh my c khong 200 cn b cng nhn
vin, lng nc tiu th bnh qun 40 l/ngi/ngy.
Lng nc sinh hot:
Vsinh hot = 200*40 = 8000 (l/ngy) hay 8 m3.
Lng nc dng cho cc cng vic khc: v sinh ngoi phn xng, ti
cy
Vkhc = 5 m3.
Vy tng lng nc tiu th trong mt ngy ca ton b nh my l:
Vn = Vnu + Vll + Vln men + Vhon thin + Vni hi + Vm.lnh + Vsinh hot + Vkhc
= 334,223(m3/ngy).
Vy tng lng nc tiu th trong 1 nm l:
334,223 x 300 = 100226,9 (m3/nm)

PHN VI: TNH TON XY DNG CHO NH MY

6.1. a im xy dng nh my
Chn a im xy dng nh my nm trn ng trnh 1B on qua
thnh ph H Tnh v y c nhiu thun li v giao thng ng b, v
ngun cung cp nguyn liu v th trng tiu th sn phm.
6.1.1. c im khu t xy dng:
Khu t xy dng nm cnh ng quc l, l khu vc c a cht n
nh, mt bng bng phng, m bo khng b ngp lt trong ma ma l. Nn
t c kh nng chu lc cao
Cc khu dn c v th ang c xy dng v m rng gn nh my
chnh l th trng tiu th sn phm chnh ca nh my.
6.1.2. c im kh hu ca H Tnh:
- Nhit khng kh trung bnh 23,30C.
- m khng kh trung bnh nm l 85 - 86%.
- Lng ma hng nm 1600 - 1800 mm.
- Hng gi ch o: ng Nam.
6.1.3. V sinh cng nghip:
Cc cht thi ca nh my bia ch yu l nc bn v khi l. hn ch
ti a nh hng ti mi trng xung quanh, nh my tun th cc yu cu :
- m bo khong cch bo v, v sinh thch hp
- Hng xy dng thch hp, l hi c t cui hng gi ch o
- Nc thi ca phn xng sn xut c a vo h thng cng ngm
trong phn xng ri a ra h thng x l nc thi c t cui nh my.
Nc thi c x l qua h thng x l nc thi ca nh my, m bo yu
cu v v sinh mi trng sau a ra h thng thot nc ca khu cng
nghip. Cc cng trnh u c h thng thot nc v b cng ngm
6.2. Thit k tng mt bng nh my
6.2.1. Khu vc sn xut chnh
6.2.1.1. Phn xng nu
Kch thc: 30 x 18 = 540 (m2)
Phn xng nu chia lm phng vi cc kch thc:
- Phng nghin: 12 x 6 = 72 (m2)
- Phng nu: 24 x 12 = 288 (m2)
- Thay , v sinh: 6 x 3 = 18 (m2)
- iu khin: 6 x 6 = 18 (m2)

- Qun c: 6 x 6 = 18 (m2)
- Nguyn liu ph: 6 x 6 = 18 (m2)
Khu vc phng nu c b tr dn thao tc cao 3,5m kim tra cc qu
trnh c d dng.
6.2.1.2. Phn xng ln men
Kch thc: 48 x 18 = 864 (m2)
Phn xng ln men bao gm h thng 24 tank ln men, xp thnh 3
hng. Mt pha ca phn xng ln men l khu vc ph tr ln men bao gm
cc thit b nhn ra men, CIP.
6.2.1.3. Phn xng hon thin
Kch thc: 24 x 18 = 432 (m2)
Phn xng hon thin bao gm 3 khu vc: Khu vc cha v lc bia sau
ln men, khu vc bia chai, khu vc bia hi.
6.2.2. Khu vc kho bi
6.2.2.1. Kho nguyn liu
Nguyn liu chnh cho sn xut bia l 80% malt, 20% i mch. Cc
nguyn liu ny c ng vo cc bao 50kg, c mi 1m2 xp c 2 bao, xp
cc bao 10 chng. Vy mi chng cha c lng nguyn liu l:
2 x 10 x 50 = 1000 (kg)
Lng nguyn liu cn dng ti a cho mt ngy l: 15800 (kg) (theo
bng cn bng sn phm)
Nh my cn d tr nguyn liu cho 1 thng sn xut tc l 25 ngy.
Nguyn liu c t trn cc k v c vn chuyn bng xe y.
Vy lng nguyn liu cn d tr trong 25 ngy l:
15800 x 25 = 395000 (kg)
H s s dng kho l 70%. Vy din tch kho cn cha l:
395000 : (1000 x 0,7) = 564,3 (m2)
Chn thng s kho nguyn liu:
- Din tch: 576 (m2)
- Kch thc: 24 x 24 (m)
6.2.2.2. Kho thnh phm
a. Kho cha bia hi.
Do bia hi c xut kho a ra th trng ngay nn trong kho ch cn
cha s lng bock ca 1 ngy sn xut.
S bock s dng l: 4000 bock dung tch 20l m.3.1. Trm bin p.
Trm bin th t gc nh my ni t ngi qua li m bo an ton.

- Din tch: 36 (m2t ngy.

Tng s bock cha trong kho l 4000 bock. Trong kho bock xp cao 4
lp, nh vy cn 1000 v tr t bock. Mi bock loi 20 lt c ng knh
400mm. Nn din tch khu vc xp bock vo khong:
1000 x 0,4 x 0,4 = 160 (m2)
b. Kho cha bia chai.
S chai s dng l: 242425 chai 330ml/ngy.
Chai c xp vo kt, mi kt 20 chai.
Kch thc kt: 0,4m 0,3m 0,25m.
Tng s kt s dng l: 12122 kt/ngy.
Kho cha lng kt trong 6 ngy, tng s kt cha trong kho l:
72728kt.
Kt c xp chng khong 15 lp. Cn 4849 v tr kt.
Kch thc khu vc cha kt:
4849 x 0,4 x 0,3 = 582 (m2).
Tng din tch ca kho cha l: 160 + 582 = 742 (m2).
H s s dng 70 % nn din tch ca kho cha sn phm cn:
742 : 0,7 = 1060 (m2).
Bn cnh y cn din tch d tr .
Chn thng s kho thnh phm:
Din tch: 1080 (m2)
Kch thc: 60 x 18 (m)
6.2.2.3. Bi cha chai.
Cha chai bia thu hi phc v qu trnh sn xut. C kh nng cha
trong 7 ngy sn xut.
Bi cha lng kt trong 7 ngy, tng s kt cha trong kho l: 84854
kt.
Kt c xp chng khong 15 lp. Cn 5657 v tr kt.
Kch thc khu vc cha kt:
5657 x 0,4 x 0,3 = 678,9 (m2).
H s s dng 75 % nn din tch ca bi cha chai cn:
678,9 : 0,75 = 905,2 (m2).
Chn thng s bi cha chai:

- Din tch: 1008 (m2)

- Kch thc: 42 x 24 (m)
6.2.3. Cc phn xng ph tr sn xut
6.2)
- Kch thc: 6 x 6 (m)
6.2.3.2. Xng c in.
Phn xng bao gm t my sa cha, t in, t gia cng ph tng thay
th...Trong kho t mt s my c kh, mt my pht in sn sng phc v khi
cn thit.
- Din tch: 72 (m2)
- Kch thc: 12 x 6 (m)
6.2.3.3. Nh t h thng lnh, h thng thu hi CO2 v cp kh nn.
Xy dng cnh phn xng ln men.
- Din tch: 288 (m2)
- Kch thc: 24 x 12 (m)
6.2.3.4. Phn xng hi.
Phn xng hi bao gm nh t l hi v bi than.
L hi:
c xy dng pha sau nh my gn bi cha than x.
- Din tch: 108 (m2)
- Kch thc: 12 x 9 (m)
Bi than: c mi che.
- Din tch: 216 (m2)
- Kch thc: 18 x 12 (m)
Bi cha x:
- Din tch: 84 (m2)
- Kch thc: 14 x 6 (m)
6.2.3.5. Khu x l nc cp.
Bao gm trm bm vi cc b lc, ct lc b cha nc sch v thp lc
nc phc v cho ton nh my.
- Din tch: 288 (m2)
- Kch thc: 24 x 12 (m)

6.2.3.6. Khu x l nc thi.

- Din tch: 288 (m2)
- Kch thc: 24 x 12 (m)
6.2.3.7. Bi chai v, cc ph thi khc.
- Din tch: 112 (m2)
- Kch thc: 14 x 8 (m)
6.2.4. Cc cng trnh khc.
6.2.4.1. Nh hnh chnh.
Nh hnh chnh c xy dng gm cc phng sau:
- Phng gim c : 18(m2).
- Phng ph gim c ph trch k thut: 18(m2).
- Phng ph gim c ph trch kinh doanh: 18(m2).
- Phng k ton ti v (3 ngi): 24(m2).
- Phng k hoch (3 ngi): 24(m2).
- Phng cng on (3 ngi): 24(m2).
- Phng vt t (2 ngi): 18(m2).
- Phng k thut v KCS (6 ngi): 6 8 = 48(m2).
- Phng hp: 36(m2).
- Phng khch: 36(m2).
- Nh v sinh(2 phng): 2 3 = 6(m2).
Tng din tch cc phng ban: 276(m2).
Thit k nh hnh chnh 2 tng, din tch phng mi tng 138 (m2). Ta
thit k rng 6m, di 25m.
Ngoi ra cn c hnh lang rng 3m chy dc nh v cu thang rng 2m
b tr gia nh.
Nh hnh chnh l nh 2 tng b tng ct thp, kt cu bao che l gch,
nn nh lt hoa.
Kch thc nh:
- Din tch: 225 (m2).
- Kch thc: 25 x 9 (m)
6.2.4.2. Nh gii thiu sn phm kim qun dch v bia hi
- Din tch: 950 (m2).

- Kch thc: 38 x 25 (m)

6.2.4.3. Hi trng, nh n v cng tin.
a. Hi trng.
Tnh cho 100% cn b, cng nhn ca nh my (khong 200 ngi), h s
hi trng l 1,7m2/ngi
Din tch hi trng: 200 x 1,7 = 340 (m2).
b. Nh n, cng tin.
Tnh cho 70% cng nhn, h s nh n l 3m2/ngi
Din tch nh n: 70% x 200 x 3 = 420 (m2)
Hi trng, nh n v cng tin c thit k lm nh 2 tng, tng 1 l nh
n cng tin, tng 2 l hi trng.
- Din tch: 450 (m2).
- Kch thc: 25 x 18 (m)
6.2.4.4. Gara t.
Nh my c cc t sau:
- t phc v vic giao dch v i li ca ban gim c 2 chic.
- t ch sn phm, ch nguyn liu vn chuyn nguyn liu 8 chic.
Chiu rng gara c tnh bng chiu di ca xe ti di nht + 3m an
ton.
Do chiu rng ca gara t l 12m
- Kch thc gara: di 40m, rng 12m
- Din tch: 480 (m2).
6.2.4.7. Nh xe ca nhn vin.
Tnh cho 60% lng cng nhn trong nh my = 60% x 200 = 120
(ngi)
Trong s ngi i xe p = 20% = 20% x 120 = 24 (ngi)
Mi xe p chim din tch 0,95m2 din tch xe p = 24 x 0,95 =
22,8 (m2)
Trong s ngi i xe my = 80% = 80% x 120 = 96 (ngi)
Mi xe my chim din tch 2,2 m2 din tch xe my = 96 x 2,2 =
211,2 (m2)
Din tch nh xe = 22,8 + 211,2 = 234 (m2)
- Din tch: 270 (m2)

- Kch thc: 30 x 9 (m)

6.2.4.8. Nh v sinh.
- Din tch: 108 (m2)
- Kch thc: 12 x 9 (m).
6.2.4.9. Phng bo v.
Nh my c 2 cng v vy cn 2 phng bo v.
- Din tch: 24 (m2)
- Kch thc: 6 x 4 (m)
6.2.4.10. Sn cu lng gii tr
Nh my c 4 sn cu lng gii tr cho cng nhn, cng l khu sinh hot
ngoi tri ca nh my.
- Din tch: 81,74 (m2)
- Kch thc: 13,4 x 6,1 (m)
Bng 6.1: Bng thng k cc hng mc cng trnh
Di Rng Cao Din tch Ghi

STT Tn cng trnh
(m) (m) (m) (m2) ch
Cng trnh sn xut 1836
1 Phn xng nu 30 18 540
2 Phn xng ln men 48 18 864
3 Phn xng hon thin 24 18 432
Kho tng 2844
4 Kho cha nguyn liu 42 18 756
5 Kho thnh phm 60 18 1080
6 Bi cha chai 42 24 1008
Cc phn xng ph tr 1492
7 Trm bin p 6 6 36
8 Xng c in 12 6 72
9 Nh lnh, thu CO2 24 12 288
10 Nh cp hi 12 9 108
11 Bi than 18 12 216
12 Bi cha x 14 6 84

13 Bi chai v, ph thi 14 8 112

14 Khu x l nc cp 24 12 288
15 Khu x l nc thi 24 12 288
Cng trnh sinh hot 2531
16 Nh hnh chnh 25 9 225 2 tng
17 Hi trng, nh n 25 18 450 2 tng
18 Nh hng bia 38 25 950
19 Gara t 40 12 480
Nh xe ca nhn
20 30 9 270
vin
21 Nh v sinh 12 9 109
22 Phng bo v 6 4 24 2p
23 Sn cu lng 13,4 6,1 81,74 4 sn
Tng din tch 8703
6.3. B tr cc hng mc cng trnh.

y em la chn b tr mt bng nh my theo phng php phn vng.
Khu vc sn xut chnh b tr trung tm nh my bao gm nh sn xut chnh,
khu tank ln men ngoi tri v nh hon thin. Kho nguyn liu cng c t
trong khu vc ny m bo thun tin cho vic vn chuyn nguyn liu sang
khu vc sn xut.
Cc phn xng ph tr b tr khu vc bn cnh khu vc sn xut chnh
pha trong nh my. Cc phn xng ph tr sn xut nh l hi, trm x l
nc thi b tr gc trong cng cui hng gi ch o m bo an ton
trong sn xut.
Khu vc hnh chnh b tr mt tin nh my, trng nhiu cy xanh
to khng kh lm vic d chu v cnh quan p. Trong nh gii thiu sn
phm t v tr tip gip vi trc giao bn ngoi nh my thun tin cho
vic gii thiu sn phm.
Cc nh thuc khu vc hnh chnh v khu vc sn xut chnh c thit
k quay chiu di nh theo hng nam n gi mt ch o. Xung quanh nh
my trng nhiu cy xanh cch ly vi bn ngoi c bit l pha tip gip vi
ng giao thng bn ngoi nh my.
Trong nh my xy dng h thng ng giao thng cch ly gia cc khu
vc sn xut v ng giao thng gia cc phn xng trong khu vc sn xut
chnh. ng giao thng chnh c thit k chy thnh vng trong nh my v

thng vi ba cng ra cc trc giao thng pha ngoi nh my m bo yu cu

vn chuyn nguyn liu, cu ho khi xy ra s c trong qu trnh vn hnh
nh my.
6.4. Tnh ton v nh gi cc thng s xy dng.
Tng din tch chim t ca cc cng trnh xy dng v sn bi l thin:
A + B = 8613 (m2).
Din tch chim t ca cc cng trnh k thut gm c din tch h rnh,
din tch va h, din tch lng ng: C = 12242 (m2).
Tng din tch xy dng:
Sxd = A + B= 8703 (m2).
Tng din tch s dng:
Ssd = A + B + C= 8703 + 12242 = 20945(m2).
Tng din tch nh my:
S = 216 145 = 31320(m2).
H s xy dng:
A B
Kxd = 100% = 8703 : 31320 = 27,79%
S
H s s dng:
A B C
Ksd = 100% = 20945: 31320 = 66,87%
S
6.5. Thit k phn xng sn xut chnh
Phn xng nu c xy dng ni lin vi phn xng ln men to c
s lin tc trong sn xut. Phn xng nu bao gm hai phn c ngn cch
vi nhau bi tng, mt phn t cn, my nghin, gu ti, phn kia t ni
h ha, ng ha, thit b lc khung bn, ni trung gian, ni nu hoa, thng
lng xoy, ni un nc nng, thit b lm lnh nhanh, h thng v sinh. xc
nh c kch thc ca phn xng ta ly kch thc thit b + khong cch
gia thit b vi tng + khong khng gian m rng.
Da vo tnh ton chiu di ca ng knh ngoi ca cc thit b l:
- Ni h ha: D = 2,5 m
- Ni ng ha: D = 3,8 m
- Thng lc y bng: 4,0 m
- Ni nu hoa: D = 3,5 m
- Thng lng xoy: D = 3,6 m

- 2 thng nc nng: D = 3,1 m

- 2 thng nc lnh: D = 3,1m
- 4 thng CIP nu: D = 1,6m
- 4 thng CIP ln men: D = 2,3m
Phn xng nu chia lm cc khu vc: Khu vc nghin, khu vc
nu, khu vc ph tr khc.
Khu vc nu ta sp xp cc thit b trn 2 ng thng:
Ni ng ha, thng lc, ni nu hoa, thng lng xoy trn 1 ng
thng
Ni h ha, 2 thng nc nng, 2 thng nc lnh trn 1 ng thng.
Cc thit b c t cch tng 1m, cch nhau t nht 1m. C li i
chnh gia 2 hng thit b, cng l v tr cho cng nhn thao tc c khong cch
t nht l 3,5m.
Tng ng knh ca cc thit b nm trn hng 1 l:
3,8 + 4,0 + 3,5 + 3,6 = 14,9 (m)
Vy tng chiu di ca khu vc nu trong phn xng l:
14,9 + (1 x 2) + (1 x 3) = 19,9 (m) (ly 24m)
Chiu rng gm ng i 3m, thit b c ng knh ln nht ca 2 hng
l thng lc v thng nc. Vy chiu rng khu vc nu l:
(1 x 2) + 4 + 3,1 + 3 = 12,1 (m) (ly 12m)
Din tch khu vc nu:
24 x 12 = 288 (m2)
Khu vc nu c b tr sn thao tc chiu cao kim tra cc qu trnh
c d dng.
Khu vc nghin l ni tm cha nguyn liu a vo nghin, ni t my
nghin, gu ti a thng ln cc ni nu. Do , khu vc nghin c chiu rng
ly bng vi chiu rng khu vc nu, chiu di ly 2 nhp nh.
Din tch khu vc nghin:
12 x 12 = 144 (m2)
Khu vc ph tr khc c b tr sao cho hp l m bo s lu thng
thng sut ca ng i nguyn liu v ng i ca cng nhn.

Cc phng ph tr c b tr dc theo chiu di phn xng.

- Phng v sinh nam/n: 3 x 5 = 15 m2
- Kho cc thit b, dng c: 3 x 6 = 18 m2
- Phng iu khin: 3 x 6 = 18 m2
- Phng qun c: 3 x 6 = 18 m2
- Phng nguyn liu ph: 3 x 5 = 15 m2
- Phng ra men v nhn men: 6 x 7 = 42 m2
ph hp vi kch thc xy dng ta chn kch thc ca phn xng
nh sau:
- Din tch phn xng l 846 m2
- Kch thc phn xng l 48 x 18 (m)
Thit k kt cu bao che, kt cu chu lc, kt cu nn, sn, thng gi,
thng hi, thot nhit, chiu sang:
Chn nh kt cu khung thp Zamil, h thng mi tn, dc 1/10 m
bo thot nc tt, mi x l chng nng bng cc lp xp cch nhit dy 50.
Mng nh t trn khu t c nn vng, m bo kh nng chu lc.
Ct chu lc tit din ch I, kch thc 400 x 600mm. Ct chng gi kch
thc 400 x 400mm.
Tng bao che bn ngoi phn xng l tng gch 220mm, tng ngn
220, x l chng thm, chng m mc, sn c chng chng thm, chu chi
ra.
Tng cng thot m, thot nhit bng h thng ca s trn cao.
Nn nh c kh nng chu lc, acid, kim ha, x l to nhm chng trn
trt v nghing dc 3-5% v pha h ga m bo thot nc.
PHN VII: TNH TON KINH T CHO NH MY

i vi mt doanh nghip sn xut v kinh doanh th y l khu c bit

quan trng, c vai tr lm c s chng minh cho tnh kh thi ca d n kinh t,
n cho bit ngun vn u t mc no, hiu qu cng vic l bao nhiu...
Tnh kinh t cng st vi thc t th hot ng sn xut ca doanh nghip cng
hiu qu.
Chnh v ng mt vai tr quan trng nh vy nn khi tnh ton cn phi
tho mn mt s yu cu sau :
m bo chnh xc trong tng cng on.
m bo tnh hp l trong tng thi im kinh t.
7.1. Tng vn u t ban u
7.1.1. Vn u t xy dng
Vn u t xy dng l vn xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh trong
nh my, c tnh theo gi chung trn th trng xy dng.
+ Gi xy dng nh khung thp zamil l 5.500.000 ng/m2.
+ Gi xy dng nh b tng ct thp l 6.000.000 ng/m2.
+ Gi xy dng sn bi l 1.000.000 ng/m2.
Tng din tch xy dng cc khu nh ca nh my l 9864 (m2)
Trong :
Din tch Ghi
STT Tn cng trnh Di (m) Rng (m) Cao (m)
(m2) ch
Cng trnh sn xut 1836
1 Phn xng nu 30 18 540
Phn xng ln
2 48 18 864
men
Phn xng
3 24 18 432
hon thin
Kho tng 2844
Kho cha
4 42 18 756
nguyn liu
5 Kho thnh phm 60 18 1080
6 Kho cha chai 42 24 1008
Cc phn xng ph tr 1480
7 Trm bin p 6 6 36
8 Xng c in 12 6 72

Nh lnh, thu
9 24 12 288
CO2
10 Nh cp hi 12 9 108
11 Bi than 18 12 216
12 Bi cha x 12 6 72
Bi chai v, ph
13 14 8 112
thi
Khu x l nc
14 24 12 288
cp
Khu x l nc
15 24 12 288
thi
Cng trnh sinh hot 2948
Nh hnh
16 24 9 216 2 tng
chnh
Hi trng,
17 25 18 450 2 tng
nh n
18 Nh hng bia 41 25 1025
19 Gara t 40 12 480
Nh xe ca
20 30 9 270
nhn vin
21 Nh v sinh 12 9 108
22 Phng bo v 6 6 36 2 phng
23 Sn cu lng 13,4 6,1 82 4 sn
Tng din tch 8703
+ Nh b tng ct thp l 3185m2

6.000.000 3185 = 19110 triu ng
+ Nh zamel l 6582 m2
5.500.000 6582 = 36201 triu ng
+ Sn bi l 482 m2
1.000.000 482 = 482 triu ng
Vy vn u t xy dng nh l :
19110 + 36201 + 482 = 55793 triu ng

Vn xy dng cc hng mc giao thng, cng rnh, tng bao, vn hoa

ly 10% so vi cng trnh chnh :
10% 55793 = 5579,3 triu ng
Tng vn u t cho xy dng l
55793 + 5579,3 = 61372,3 triu ng
7.1.2. Vn u t dy chuyn thit b
Bng 7.1: Bng gi cc thit b trong nh my
Gi
TT Tn h thng thit b
(triu ng)
1 H thng x l vn chuyn nguyn liu 800
2 H thng thit b trong nh nu 4800
3 Tank ln men 62900
4 H thng thit b trong nh hon thin 6200
5 H thng lc bia 1000
6 H thng my ra, rt bock 1000
7 H thng chit chai 23000
8 H thng lnh 2000
9 H thng thu hi CO2 1750
1
H thng kh nn 250
0
1
H thng l hi 1500
1
1
H thng x l nc cp 700
2
1
H thng x l nc thi 1600
3
1
H thng thit b phng th nghim 500
4
1
H thng trm bin p v my pht in 1000
5
1
H thng chng st v phng chy cha chy 50
6
1
Thit b vn ti 300
7

1
Ph thit k chuyn giao h s cng ngh 1350
8
1
Ph lp t thit b 1200
9
Tng chi ph mua sm dy chuyn thit b 111900
Thu gi tr gia tng (VAT): 5% 111900 = 5595 (triu ng)
Tng vn u t mua dy chuyn thit b:
Vthit b = 111900 + 5595 = 117495 (triu ng)
7.1.3. Tin u t mua phng tin vn ti
Xe con 2 chic hiu Honda Civic 2.0i-VTEC, n gi 600 triu
ng/chic
Xe nng chuyn 1,5 tn 2 chic, Nh sn xut TCM-Nht Bn, n gi
300 triu ng/chic
Xe ti 5 tn 6 chic nhn hiu HOWO, n gi 900 triu ng/chic
Tng vn u t cho phng tin vn ti:
Vphng tin vn ti = 2 600 + 2 300 + 6 900 = 7200 (triu ng)
7.1.4. Tin u t ban u mua chai, kt, bock
Tin mua chai, kt:
Coi thi gian quay vng ca chai l 6 thng, trong qu II v qu III lng
bia chai sn xut nhiu nht tng sn lng hai qu l 5,4 triu lt bia chai thnh
phm.
S dng loi chai thu tinh mu sm dung tch 330ml. Khi s lng
chai cn s dng l: 5,4.106/0,33 = 17.000.000 (chai). n gi 1000 ng/v
chai, th tin mua chai l: 17.000.000 1000 = 17.000.000.000 (ng)
S dng kt loi cha c 20 chai, th s lng kt cn s dng l:
17.000.000/20 = 850.000 (kt). n gi 20.000 ng/kt, th tin mua kt l:
850.000 20.000 = 17.000.000.000 (ng)
Tin mua bock:
Coi thi gian quay vng ca bock l 3 thng, trong mt qu lng bia hi
sn xut nhiu nht l: 2 triu lt bia hi thnh phm.
S dng loi bock dung tch 20 lt/bock. Khi s lng bock cn s
dng l: 2.106/20 = 100.000 (bock). n gi 100000 ng/bock, th tin mua
bock l: 100.000 100.000 = 10.000.000.000 (ng)
Tng vn u t ban u mua chai, kt, bock l:
17.000.000.000 + 17.000.000.000 + 10.000.000.000

= 44.000.000.000 (ng) = 44.000 (triu ng)

7.1.5. Vn u t cho thu t kinh doanh, sn xut
Tng din tch t nh my i thu kinh doanh, sn xut l: 31.320 m2.
Mi 1m2 t nh my cn thu mt 50 USD/1m2 /40 nm = 26.250 VN/
nm. Do , tng s tin thu t trong 10 nm l:
31320 x 26250 x 10 = 8.221.500.000 (VN) = 8221,5 (triu ng)
7.1.6. Tng vn c nh u t cho nh my:
Vc nh = Vxy dng + Vthit b + Vphng tin vn ti + Vmua chai, kt, bock + V t
= 238288,8 triu ng
7.2. Cc chi ph trong nh my
7.2.1. Chi ph khu hao ti sn c nh
Chi ph khu hao nh xng, thit b v phng tin vn ti v vn u t
cho thit b trong vng 10 nm. Mi nm b khu hao l
Ptb = (61372,3 + 117495 + 7200)/10 = 18606,73 (triu ng).
Thi gian s dng chai, kt, bock l 5 nm, gi tr khu hao trong mt
nm l:
Pv chai, kt, bock = 44.000/5 = 8800 (triu ng).
Vy tng chi ph khu hao ti sn c nh trong 1 nm l:
P = 18606,73 + 8800 = 27406,73 (triu ng).
Khi hot ng nh my cn thm 6% chi ph cho qun l nh xng, 2%
chi ph dch v bn hng, 2% chi ph pht sinh trong qu trnh sn xut.
Vy tng chi ph cho sn xut v hot ng ca nh my l:
27406,73 1,1 = 30147,4 (triu).
7.2.2. Chi ph nguyn liu
Bng 7.2: Bng chi ph nguyn liu chnh trong sn xut bia
n gi S lng Thnh tin

Stt Nguyn liu
(ng/kg) (kg) (triu/nm)
1 Malt 17.500 2256000 39480
2 Go 7.500 564000 4230
3 Hoa vin 450.000 4888,2 2199,69
4 Cao hoa 720.000 2095,2 1508,54

Tng 47418,23
Theo kinh nghim chi ph cho nguyn liu ph ly bng 4% chi ph tnh
cho nguyn liu chnh:
Tng chi ph cho nguyn liu l:
47418,23 / 0.96 = 49393,99 (triu).
7.2.3. Chi ph cho nhin liu ng lc

Bng 7.3: Bng chi ph nhin liu ng lc.
n gi Thnh tin
STT Khon mc n v S lng
(ng/.v) (triu/nm)
1 Than kg 600 8465000 5079
2 in kWh 1580 2230593,12 3524,34
3 Nc M3 12000 100226,9 1202,72
Tng chi ph cho nhin liu v ng lc l 9806,06 (triu).

7.2.4. Chi ph bo dng ,sa cha ln
Ly bng 11,3% vn u t thit b v vn ti l
0,113 (117495 + 7200) = 14.102 (triu).
7.2.5. Chi ph nhn cng
Bng 7.4: Bng phn cng nhn lc ca nh my
nh mc lao S S cng
TT B phn
ng ca/ngy nhn
1 T nghin 2 3 6
2 T nu 3 3 9
3 Ln men 3 3 9
4 Lc bia + bo ho CO2 2 3 6
5 Ra bock 2 2 4
6 Chit bock 2 2 4
7 Ra chai 2 2 4
8 Kim tra soi chai 1 2 2
9 Chit chai, ng np 2 2 4
10 Kim tra 1 2 2

11 Thanh trng 1 2 2
12 Dn nhn 1 2 2
13 Kim tra 1 2 2
14 Vn chuyn bock, kt 4 2 8
15 Phng th nghim 2 2 4
16 KCS 4 3 12
17 X l nc 2 3 6
18 L hi 4 3 12
19 Nh cp lnh, kh nn, thu CO2 3 3 9
20 Sa cha in, c kh 2 3 6
21 Trm bin p 1 3 3
22 X l nc thi 2 3 6
23 Li xe 1ng/1xe/1ca 2 16(8 xe)
24 Bo v 4 3 12
25 Th kho 2 2 4
26 Gii thiu sn phm 3 2 6
27 V sinh 2 3 6
28 Nu n 3 3 9
29 Y t 1 3 3
30 Ban gim c 3 1 3
31 Th k 1 1 1
32 ng u cng on 4 1 4
33 K ton 4 1 4
34 T chc hnh chnh 5 1 5
35 Phng k hoch, vt t 4 1 4
36 Phng maketting 5 1 5
37 Qun c 4 1 4
38 Tng s lao ng 208
Tng cn b v cng nhn trong nh my l: 208 ngi
Lng bnh qun theo u ngi l: 3.000.000 (ng/thng)
Tin lng tr cho cn b v cng nhn trong mt nm:
208 x 3.000.000 x 12 = 7.448.000.000 (ng)
7.2.6. Bo him tnh theo lng.

Bo him ly bng 19% qu lng.

0,19 x 7.448.000.000 = 1.422.720.000 (ng)
7.2.7. Tng chi ph cho c doanh nghip l:
Vy tng chi ph l :
30147,4 + 49393,99 + 9806,06 + 14102 + 7448 + 1422,72 = 112320,17
(triu)
7.3. Tng doanh thu nh my trong mt nm.

Gi bn sn phm :
+ Bia hi : 9000 (ng/lt).
+ Bia chai : 12000 (ng/lt).
Doanh thu: 162000 triu/nm
Li nhun trc thu l :
LNTT = Tng doanh thu - Tng chi ph
= 162000 112320,17 = 49679,83 (triu)
Li nhun sau thu l :
LNST = LNTT 25% x LNTT = 37259,87 ( triu)
Dng tin ca d n (t nm th 1 n nm th 10 ) l :
DTDA = LNST + Khu hao
= 37259,87 + 30147,4 = 67407,27 (triu)
Ta c dng tin d n t nm 0 n nm th 10 nh sau :
Nm Dng tin d n
0 -238288,8
1 67407,27
2 67407,27
3 67407,27
4 67407,27
5 67407,27
6 67407,27
7 67407,27
8 67407,27

9 67407,27
10 67407,27
Thi gian hon vn l 5 nm 2 thng 19 ngy
IRR = 25,33 %
Kt lun : D n c hiu qu

PHN VIII: AN TON LAO NG V V SINH

Trong mi nh my, vn an ton lao ng lun l ht sc cn thit.
m bo tt c vn an ton lao ng khng nhng ch m bo sc khe
cho ngi lao ng m n cn l yu t nh hng n tui th ca my mc,
thit b, p ng c vn tng nng sut lao ng ca nh my.
8.1. An ton v thit b
Vi cc my mc thit b khc nhau v hnh dng, kch thc cu to,
cch vn hnh nn mc an ton cng khc nhau.
Vi c im ring ca nh my sa, thit b my mc khng gy n,
chy m, khng gy bi, mi trng thong mt sch s.
Khong cch gia cc thit b trong dy truyn phi ng quy nh, khi
vn hnh cn kim tra thng s ca tng loi my tun th ng nguyn tc, ch
vn hnh my. Cng nhn vn hnh my ng quy nh, khng i li nhiu
ln xn, gy n o.
Cc ng ng m bo khng r r.
Khi c s c xy ra cn thng bo cho th sa cha kp thi m bo
an ton lao ng cho ngi lao ng.
8.2. An ton v in
Nhn chung trong nh my, in c s dng rt nhiu. m bo an
ton lao ng cho ngi cng nhn, cn phi c bin php phng nga ti a.
i vi my mc thit b dng in cn ni thm mt dy dn t thit b xung
t (dy mt) trnh hin tng r in ra thit b, v khi thit b b r in,
dy ny c tc dng truyn xung t lm trung ha in. Thng th in b r
do dy dn, v th dy phn phi in trong nh my phi l loi dy c bc
cch in. i vi tng thit b, tng mc ch s dng phi chn loi dy ph
hp vi cng dng in, nu nh qu dy qu ti s nng v chy, cn nu
to qu s lng ph.
i vi tng phn xng phi c s b tr ng in cho hp l, trnh
s lng ph dy m li gy tai nn. Trong tng phn xng nu b tr cu dao
chnh, cng tc phi tp trung ti ni d nhn thy, chiu cao b tr cng tc
khong 1.5m nhn t mt t. Nh my phi c t in thng xuyn kim tra
v khc phc nhng s c v in.

Cng nhn trong nh my phi c hng dn ni quy an ton lao ng

v in, nm bt c ni b tr cu dao, cng tc, c hng dn cch h hp,
cu cha ngi b tai nn in.
phng st vo ma h, nh cao tng trong nh my phi c ct thu li.
8.3. An ton v hi
Hi c s dng trong nh my thc phm rt nhiu, nht l i vi nh
my ch bin sa. Do nhit ca hi kh cao, nu xy ra s c nh r hi
d gy ra bng i vi cng nhn. V vy i vi cc thit b dng hi phi c
y cc dng c kim tra nhit , p sut ca thit b. Tt c cc thit b
dng hi phi c van an ton v van an ton phi c t cao 1-1.5m so vi
mt t. ng ng dn hi phi c bc k trnh hin tng r r v trnh tn
tht nhit.
Van ng m hi thit b ng ng phi c kim tra thng xuyn,
ng h o p sut, nhit ca hi phi c kim tra nh k.
Cng nhn trong phn xng sn xut v c bit cng nhn trong phn
xng ni hi phi c trang b y kin thc, khi s dng hi v cch cp
cu, x l khi c ngi b bng hi.
8.4. Phng chy v cha chy
Cng nh in v hi, thit hi do ha hon l rt ln, n khng nhng
lm thit hi v kinh t m cn gy nguy him cho cng nhn. V th tt c cc
ng dy in trong nh my phi c bc cch in trnh chp, n. Kho
xng du phi b tr xa khu sn xut, xng cung cp bao b c b tr cui
hng gi. Trong mi phn xng phi c b tr cc bnh CO 2. H thng cp
thot nc cu ha c b tr hp l, h thng ca thot him phi thun tin..
8.5. Vn v sinh trong nh my
Vic v sinh trong nh my l mt vn khng th thiu, nht l i vi
nh my thc phm ni chung v cc nh my sa ni ring. Nh ta bit
nc thi v rc thi ca nh my thc phm cha rt nhiu vi sinh vt, c bit
l cc vi sinh vt gy bnh.
i vi cc kho cha nguyn liu, kho thnh phm phi thng xuyn v
sinh, m bo sch s, kh ro nguyn liu v thnh phm bo qun c lu
di. i vi phn xng sn xut v sinh phi c m bo mc cao nht, v

nu khng rt d c s nhim tp vo sn phm, do thit b phi c ra v

st trng sau mi cng on sn xut.
hn ch s xm nhp v pht trin ca vi sinh vt trong nh my th
vn thng gi v chiu sng cn c quan tm ngay t khi xy dng.
* Thng gi
Trong qu trnh sn xut, cc thit b sinh ra nhiu nhit tha lm tng
nhit trong phn xng. Nc ta li c kh hu nng m nn d gy s kh
chu cho ngi cng nhn khi lm vic. V vy phi c b tr thit b thng
gi hp l, phn xng phi c ca mi, ca s, ca chp to s lu thng kh
tt, i vi phn xng nhiu thit b dng nhit lm thm ca gi tng s
i lu khng kh lm nhit thot ra ngoi nhanh, cng nhn lm vic d chu,
khng b nng bc. Cc thit b to khng t ca ra vo, ca s hn ch gi
t nhin.
* Chiu sng
nh sng trong phn xng phi c phn b u nhng cn ch trnh
nh sng chiu trc tip vo nh v tn dng nh sng t nhin.

KT LUN
Qua ba thng lm n tt nghip vi nhim v thit k nh my bia
nng sut 15 triu lt/nm, c s gip nhit tnh ca thy gio ThS L
Trng Sn cng vi s n lc ca bn thn, n nay e hon thnh bn n
thit k ny.
Trong thi gian lm n gip e c nhng hiu bit su sc hn v
cng ngh sn xut bia, bit c trnh t tin hnh thit k mt nh my sn
xut thc phm. Trong qu trnh tm hiu ti liu v thc t sn xut hon
thnh nhim v gip em c c ci nhn ton din hn v cng ngh v thit
b sn xut.
Tuy nhin, do kin thc cn nhiu hn ch, ti liu tra cu v tm hiu
c cha nhiu nn bn thit k cn nhiu thiu st. Mong thy c v cc bn
ng gp kin cho bn thit k hon thin hn.
Hi Phng, ngy..thng..nm 2011
SINH VIN THIT K
Nguyn Phi Anh

TI LIU THAM KHO
1. GS.TS Nguyn Th Hin (ch bin), PGS.TS L Thanh Mai, Th.S

L Th Lan Chi, Th.s Nguyn Tin Thnh, Th.s L Vit Thng (2007)
Khoa hc - Cng ngh Malt v bia
Nh xut bn khoa hc v k thut.
2. PGS.TS Hong nh Ha
Cng ngh sn xut malt & bia
NXB Khoa hc v K thut.
3. Nguyn Trng Cn (ch bin), Nguyn Th Hin, Th Giang,
Trn Th Luyn (1998)
Cng ngh Enzym
NXB Nng nghip.
4. Tn Tht Minh.
My v thit b vn chuyn v nh lng
NXB Khoa hc K thut 2000
5. Nguyn Bin
Tnh ton qu trnh, thit b trong cng ngh ha cht v thc phm
NXB Khoa hc K thut
6. Bi Hi
Bi tp k thut nhit
NXB Khoa hc K thut


8 NguyenPhiAnh CB901

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8 NguyenPhiAnh CB901

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N TT NGHIP Thit k nh my bia nng sut 15 triu lt/nm

Nguyn Phi Anh 1 Lp CB901

2.3.2.5. Nu hoa ............................................................................................ 22

Nguyn Phi Anh 2 Lp CB901

4.1.5. My nghin malt lt. ....................................................................... 47

Nguyn Phi Anh 3 Lp CB901

5.1.7. Tnh nhin liu cho ni hi. ................................................................ 79

Nguyn Phi Anh 4 Lp CB901

6.2.1.2. Phn xng ln men ....................................................................... 100

Nguyn Phi Anh 5 Lp CB901

7.2.3. Chi ph cho nhin liu ng lc .................................................... 115

Nguyn Phi Anh 6 Lp CB901

Vi nhng c tnh ca mnh, bia tr thnh mt loi ung hp dn

Trong bn n ny em thit k nh my bia c nng sut 15 triu

Nguyn Phi Anh 7 Lp CB901

PHN I: LP LUN KINH T K THUT

Nguyn Phi Anh 8 Lp CB901

- Ngun nhn lc khng qu khan him.

Nguyn Phi Anh 9 Lp CB901

- Ngun nc: Trong nh my nc c dng vo cc mc ch khc

Nguyn Phi Anh 10 Lp CB901

PHN II: NGUYN LIU V YU CU V NGUYN LIU

Nguyn Phi Anh 11 Lp CB901

Bng 2.1: Bng cc thnh phn chnh c trong malt

STT Thnh phn ho hc ca malt % cht kh

Bng 2.1: Bng cc thnh phn chnh trong go:

STT Thnh phn % cht kh

Nguyn Phi Anh 12 Lp CB901

2.1.3. Hoa houblon

Nguyn Phi Anh 13 Lp CB901

Bng 2.1: Thnh phn ha hc ca hoa:

STT Thnh phn % cht kh

Nguyn Phi Anh 14 Lp CB901

- Ngun men ging: Nm men cp cho qu trnh ln men c th ly t

Nguyn Phi Anh 15 Lp CB901

Nguyn Phi Anh 16 Lp CB901

2.1.6.2. Nguyn liu ph tr

Nguyn Phi Anh 17 Lp CB901

2.3.2. Thuyt minh dy chuyn sn xut

Nguyn Phi Anh 18 Lp CB901

Nguyn Phi Anh 19 Lp CB901

Bt go + nc 420 C, malt lt (b sung ), axit

Nng nhit ln 720C, gi trong 25 pht

Nng nhit ln 830C,gi trong 5 pht

H nhit xung 720C, cho matl lt, gi trong 25

Nng nhit ln 1000C, gi trong 15 pht

Nguyn Phi Anh 20 Lp CB901

Dch nghin malt, axit lactic, CaCl2

Nng nhit ln 520C, gi trong 10 pht

Hi cho, nhit tng 650C, gi trong 15p

Nng nhit ln 750C, gi trong 20 pht

Nguyn Phi Anh 21 Lp CB901

Nguyn Phi Anh 22 Lp CB901

t mng dn vo pha trni qua cc khong trng m dch ng khng i

Nguyn Phi Anh 23 Lp CB901

Nguyn Phi Anh 24 Lp CB901

Trong qu trnh ln men chnh c 1 ngy th cng nhn x cn mt ln,

Nguyn Phi Anh 25 Lp CB901

- Trong qu trnh lc thng xuyn b xung bt tr lc, phi ch n lu

Nguyn Phi Anh 26 Lp CB901

S dy chuyn chit chai:

Ra kt Kim tra chai

Xp kt Gp chai vo Chit chai