B GIAO THNG VN TI

TRNG H GIAO THNG VN TI TP.HCM

KHOA IN IN T VIN THNG

BO CO CHUYN :

BIN TN
GVHD: PHAN TH THY HOA

Design by: Vit Trn

Danh sch thnh vin nhm 8

1. Phm B Hu
2. Nguyn Tun Nh
3. Nguyn Minh Quyt
4. Nguyn Hong T
5. Trn Trung Vit

Design by: Vit Trn

 NI DUNG
I. Nhu cu iu chnh tc

II. Cu to bin tn

III. Cc chc nng c bn ca bin tn

IV. c tnh c, lut iu khin

V. Bin tn trong h thng in

Design by: Vit Trn

 Cc hng sn xut bin tn ni ting:
ABB Omron
Siemens LS
Keb Toshiba
Schneider Hitachi
Emerson Mitsubishi
Panasonic Yaskawa

Design by: Vit Trn

I. Nhu cu iu chnh tc

II. Cu to bin tn

III. Cc chc nng c bn ca bin tn

IV. c tnh c, lut iu khin

V. Cc chc nng bin tn (tip)

VI. Bin tn trong h thng in

Design by: Vit Trn

 Nhu cu iu chnh tc

iu khin thang my, c cu nng h

Tc thang
0.25m/s

Dng nhanh v chnh xc

3s 3s
t Gim sc v chn ng c kh
ACC DEC

Design by: Vit Trn

 Nhu cu iu chnh tc

iu khin qu trnh sn xut

Phi hp qu trnh sn xut

Dng nhanh v chnh xc
Gim sc v chn ng c kh

Design by: Vit Trn

Nhu cu iu chnh tc

Design by: Vit Trn

 Nhu cu iu chnh tc

Tit kim nng lng vi h thng HVAC /bm qut

Tit kim nng lng gim chi ph vn hnh

Nng cao cht lng iu khin ton h thng
Gim sc v chn ng c kh cho cc h truyn ng

Design by: Vit Trn

Nhu cu iu chnh tc

Tit kim nng lng vi h thng HVAC /bm qut

Th d:
My nn (vi p sut t 80 psi)

Tit kim ti 35% in nng

Gim hao mn c kh do khi ng nhiu ln

50Hz 50Hz

25Hz 25Hz

0Hz 0Hz

Design by: Vit Trn

 Bin tn ALTIVAR

ALTISTART v ALTIVAR gii php cho mi ng dng

Cho cc ng dng n gin

ATV11: 0.18 ti 2.2 kW
ATV31: 0.37 ti 15 kW
Drive Drive Starter ATS01: 0.75 ti 75 kW
Altivar 11 Altivar 31 Altistart 01

Cho cc ng dng phc tp, cng sut ln

ATV58: 0.37 ti 55 kW
ATV68: 75 ti 630 kW
ATV71: 0.37 ti 500 kW
Drive Drive Drive
Altivar 58/58F Altivar 68/68F Altivar 71
Cho cc ng dng bm/qut
ATV38: 0.75 ti 315 kW
ATS48: 4 ti 1200 kW
Drive Starter ATV21: 0.37 ti 30 kW
Altivar 38 Altistart 48 Drive ATV61: 0.37 ti 630 kW
Altivar 21/61

Design by: Vit Trn

Bin tn SIEMENS

Design by: Vit Trn

Cu to bin tn

I. Nhu cu iu chnh tc

II. Cu to bin tn

III. Cc chc nng c bn ca bin tn

IV. c tnh c, lut iu khin

V. Bin tn trong h thng in

Design by: Vit Trn

Cu to bin tn

Q1 Altivar

L
I> I> I>
EMC
Filter

Vi x l/iu khin

Mch chnh lu

M
Mch mt chiu trung gian (DC
~ link)
Mch nghch lu
Phn iu khin
Design by: Vit Trn
Cu to bin tn

Chnh Mch mt chiu Nghch

lu Trung gian lu

Design by: Vit Trn

Cu to bin tn

Design by: Vit Trn

 ALTIVAR 31 and ALTIVAR 71. Speed drive working principle
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)
R
S S

I
UL
U D
Control L UL
circuit
I

t
Any coil offers a resistance to electric current
passage which is function of the time.
It is the time necessary to establish a magnetic field.
In the magnetic field is stored an energy.
If the coil is disconnected a counterelectromotive (of S
reverse polarity) of value V = I x R, which
unloads the energy stored with a current of same
direction by the coil.
If the connection and disconnection time is
controlled, I.e. the pulse width, an average current of
controlled intensity and frequency values is obtained.
I

Design by: Vit Trn

Cu to bin tn

Dng sng in p v dng in u ra bin tn

+ VDC bus in p ra (PWM)

540 V

0V

Dng in ng c

- VDC bus

Design by: Vit Trn

Cu to bin tn

Mch hm

40:1
PO (+) PA PB

980 RPM
ATV71
L1 U

L2 V
M
L3 W

PC (-)
ATV71 lun c sn transitor cho
mch hm ti cng sut 160kW
ATV71C16N4

Design by: Vit Trn

ALTIVAR 31 and ALTIVAR 71. Speed drive working principle
Braking resistance.
When the motor works in quadrants 2 or 4 it works as a generator transforming the mechanical energy into electric
one.
The generated current flows by the transistor diodes towards the direct current bus.
This current increases the tension level of the direct current BUS. When the level exceeds a specific threshold, a
transistor unloads the energy through an external resistance.
Unloading this energy produces the motor braking.

U
Braking R
I < I max 4 C (Par) 1
C N C N

GENERATOR E R E R MOTOR
I I I
>U
C N C N N (Speed)

I I I MOTOR E R E R GENERATOR

3 2
The minimum ohm value of the resistance cannot be exceeded
The average dissipated power is equal to:

2
Prm = (Pm x nMa Pv) x 0.5
Prm = Resistance average power
Pm = Motor power
nMa = Machine output (n motor x n reducer)
Pv = power dissipated in speed drive

Design by: Vit Trn

Cu to bin tn

Mch hm

Design by: Vit Trn

Cu to bin tn

Cc u vo/ra

L1
Ngun cp L2 U/T1
(L3) V/T2 Ti ng
W/T3 c
SA
SC +/PA Ti in
Cc u ra r-le -/PB
SB tr hm

COM
Cc u vo 0 20mA
0-10V AIV
tng t 4-20mA ALTIVAR
+10
AIC
+24
LI1 chy thun
LI2 Chy nghch
Cc u vo s
LI3 PS2
LI4 PS3

Design by: Vit Trn

Cu to bin tn

Design by: Vit Trn

Cc chc nng c bn

I. Nhu cu iu chnh tc

II. Cu to bin tn

III. Cc chc nng c bn ca bin tn

IV. c tnh c, lut iu khin

V. Bin tn trong h thng in

Design by: Vit Trn

Cc chc nng c bn

iu khin tc ng c: Simply Start

1. Ni ATV31 vi ngun 3. Ni dy mch iu khin

L1, L2, L3, N

Tc
t

Lnh
Chy thun
2. Ni ATV31 vi qut
U, V, W, N
Design by: Vit Trn
 Cc chc nng c bn

iu khin tc ng c: Simply Start

4. Nhp thng s ng c
Vo Menu DrC-
in p: UnS
Tn s: FrS
Dng ng c: nCr
Tc nh mc: NsP
H s cng sut: Cos
Thc hin auto tuning :
autotuning: Tun = Yes

5. Chn lut iu khin

Vo menu DrC-
Chn thng s: UfT = P cho ti
bm/qut

Design by: Vit Trn

 Cc chc nng c bn

iu khin tc ng c: Simply Start

6. t cc thng s cho bin tn

Vo menu Settings: SEt-

c tnh bo v nhit ca
ALTIVAR
t bo v nhit (qu ti) cho ng c:
t thng s Ith bng dng ng c

t thng s khi ng/dng:

t thi gian khi ng: ACC
t thi gian dng: DEC

t hn ch tc trn/di: n
t hn ch tc di: LSP (Hz)
t hn ch tc trn: HSP (Hz)
t
3s 3s
ACC DEC
Design by: Vit Trn
 Cc chc nng c bn

iu khin tc ng c: Simply Start

7. t cc thng s cho bin tn

Vo menu qun l I/O: I-O-

Kim tra kiu u dy 2-wire, 3-wire hay LOC:
Vo sub-menu tCC, chn kiu u 2C

Chuyn knh tham chiu v AI1:

Kiu u dy 2C
Vo menu Motor control: DrC-
Vo sub-menu Fr1, chn AI1

8. Kt thc Ch : vi ATV21, nu chn ng loi ng c

tiu chun, sau khi i dy nh cc bc 1, 2 v 3
Bt cng tc cho c th khi ng bm/qut ngay m khng cn
ng c lm vic thm bt c bc ci t thng s no.

Design by: Vit Trn

c tnh c, lut iu khin

I. Nhu cu iu chnh tc

II. Cu to bin tn

III. Phng thc iu khin bin tn

IV. Cc chc nng c bn ca bin tn

V. c tnh c, lut iu khin

VI. Bin tn trong h thng in

Design by: Vit Trn

Lut iu khin

Tc ng c theo tn s: n 60f (1 - s) Lm th no duy tr t thng

p
khng i khi tn s thay
i?
Mmen sinh ra t l vi t thng v dng in:
T = K..I.cos = L.I
iu khin mmen:
- Duy tr t thng khng i = constant U = Z.I = (wL).I + R.I

- Mmen t l vi dng in T = f(I) U ~= 2pfLI (b qua RI)

380V
U ~= 2pf.
U
=
190V 2pf

Duy tr t s U/f khng i

25Hz 50Hz 87Hz

Design by: Vit Trn

 Lut iu khin

Lut iu khin V/F duy tr t thng khng i

UnS v FrS nh ngha cc im lm vic ca ng c.

UFr l in p a ti ng c ti 0 hz (boost)

in p ng c Lu :
vng tc thp, khng th b qua
UnS thnh phn IR. Do c tnh V/F
thng bt u ti UFr > 0 b li st
p do IR gy ra.

UFr Tn s ra

FrS

Design by: Vit Trn

Lut iu khin

Lut iu khin V/F 5 im

in p ng c

UnS
c tnh V/F 5 im
(U1:F1 ti U5:F5):
U5
cho php dng c tnh
U4 V/F thch hp vi c
U3 tnh c ca ti.
U1 Th d: trnh hin tng
cng hng c bit vi
U2
cc ng c tc cao.

UFr

F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 FrS

Design by: Vit Trn

Lut iu khin

iu khin vc t t thng

Nguyn l: chuyn i h phng trnh my in, chuyn cc i lng

v hng (in p, dng in, t thng) thnh cc vc t tng ng.
Trn h quy chiu vi vc t t thng, thnh lp c h phng trnh:
T thng r = K1.Id
ng c khng ng
b
Mmen T = K2.s.Iq
Id, Iq l cc thnh phn dc trc v
ngang trc ca vc t dng in.
s
Id
T thng
Bng cch iu khin ring bit cc
thnh phn Id, Iq s gin tip iu Mmen
khin c t thng v mmen.
Iq

Design by: Vit Trn

Lut iu khin

So snh iu khin vct t thng v V/F

K vct t thng Lut V/F
T ng b B thng
(Rs v s) (t U0 ban u)
T/Tn T/Tn
200 %

100%

1 3 FrS 5 10 FrS

iu khin vct c chnh xc cao hn, c bit tc thp, v p ng ng

tt hn so vi iu khin v hng V/F.

Design by: Vit Trn

 Lut iu khin

Cc lut iu khin cho bin tn ATV31

UnS L: Ti CT, ng c c bit

n: iu khin vc t t thng
mch vng h (CT)

P: Ti VT
L

nLd: Tit kim nng lng

n P (Lm vic nh loi P khi
khng ti v loi n khi c ti)
UFr f (Hz)

FrS
Lp trnh: Chn lnh UFt (trong menu DrC-)
Chn: L hoc
P hoc
n hoc
nLD
Design by: Vit Trn
Ti c

Ti mmen khng i
(Constant Torque - CT) Mmen
Tc c bn

TL
- Thng gp trong nhiu ng dng
nh bng chuyn, cu trc, thang my...
Tc
- Chc nng Motor tuning gip bin tn
b st p, duy tr mmen trong gii tc
thp
0 1500 rpm
- Mmen ca ti khng ph thuc vo
380V tc quay
TL = constant

190V tng ng PL = TLw = kw

- Mmen c duy tr theo c tnh V/F

tuyn tnh (c b vi Motor tuning).
25Hz 50Hz 87Hz - Trn tc c bn (50Hz), in p c
duy tr khng i (t max)
c tnh V/F

Design by: Vit Trn

Ti c

Ti cng sut khng i (Constant Power - CP)

- Mmen ca ti t l nghch
vi tc quay

TL wk

Tc c bn
tng ng
PL = TLw = constant

Mmen
- Cc ng dng vi tc ln
hn tc c bn (trn 50Hz)

- Cc ng dng hay gp: My ca, Tc

my ti/qun dy, my ko... 1500 2000 2500 3000
rpm rpm rpm rpm

Design by: Vit Trn

Ti c

Ti mmen bin thin (Variable Torque VT)

- Cc ti lin quan ti qut/bm ly tm

- Mmen ca ti t l vi bnh phng

tc quay ca my.

TL = kw2, tng ng PL = TLw = kw3

- Ch cn mt mmen nh khi ng

Bin tn cho ng dng VT

Mmen
tit kim nng lng

Th d: 1/2 tc (25Hz), bm tiu th

mt lng cng sut bng 1/8 cng
sut nh mc (50Hz)!
TL

Tc

Design by: Vit Trn

Ti c

Ti mmen bin thin (Variable Torque VT)

Ti bm trc vt
Mmen ti t l vi tc quay

TL = k w

tng ng PL = TLw = kw2

Mmen

TL

0 Tc

Design by: Vit Trn

Ti c

Ti yu cu mmen qu ti ln

- Ti mmen khng i CT cn mmen

khi ng ln lc ban u.

- Dng khi ng t ti hn 150% nh mc

trong 1 pht.

- Nu ng c khng khi ng c, hoc Mmen

dng khi ng > 150% qu 1 pht, bin tn
220%
s trip.

Bin tn bo li:
OLF (Over current 100%
(Torque limit...

- ATV31, ATV58, ATV68, ATV71 c thit k

chuyn dng cho cc ng dng CT 1 pht t

Design by: Vit Trn

Ti c

Ti yu cu mmen qu ti nh

Ti bm/qut ch cn mmen qu ti nh

Bin tn ATV38, ATV21, ATV61 c thit k

chuyn dng cho cc loi ti bm/qut.

Mmen
Dng bin tn ATV71 cho ti bm/qut
c th nng cng sut bin tn.
110%
100%
Th d: ATV71 200HP (CT) c th vn hnh
mt ng c 250HP cho ti bm/qut (VT)

1 pht t
Design by: Vit Trn
Bin tn trong h thng in

I. Nhu cu iu chnh tc

II. Cu to bin tn

III. Phng thc iu khin bin tn

IV. Cc chc nng c bn ca bin tn

V. c tnh c, lun iu khin

VI. Bin tn trong h thng in

Design by: Vit Trn

Bin tn trong h thng in

Sng hi, nhiu in t v nh hng ca chng

Sng hi v nhiu in t
Bin tn sinh ra sng hi bc cao, nhiu
dng truyn dn, v nhiu pht x vo
khng gian.
Harmonics
Electro-magnetic Interference EMI
Cc sng hi bc cao v nhiu cao tn
xut hin c pha ngun ca bin tn
v pha ng c.

U Nguyn nhn l do tc dng ca b chnh

lu v b nghch lu vi phng php
iu bin rng xung iu p DC thnh
AC vi dv/dt ln (PWM).

Harmonics: tn s t 150 Hz ti 1KHz

Nhiu cao tn EMI: t 10 KHz ti 1 GHz

Design by: Vit Trn

 Bin tn trong h thng in

Sng hi v nh hng ca sng hi

nh hng ca sng hi
Lm tng dng in (ti 50%), gy qu ti cho
ngun, cp, my bin p.
Dng in b mo dng, lm gim h s cng
sut ca ngun.
Tng kh nng gy ra cng hng trong mch
c ni t in.
Gy nhiu cho cc thit b in khc trong mng.
Design by: Vit Trn
 Bin tn trong h thng in

Gii php gim sng hi Dng in thc t ti bin tn:

Irms I1rms 1 THDI 2
Cun khng
H s cng sut thc t u vo:
Line choke D
Cos
DC choke 1 THDI 2
B lc LC
Lc tch cc
Cun khng
line choke

B lc LC

Design by: Vit Trn

 Bin tn trong h thng in

Gii php gim sng hi

Cun khng lm dng in gn hnh sin hn v lm

gim sng hi bc cao.

Khng dng khng lc

Line choke
Line current spectrum

30
THDI = 150%
25
25.16
22.88 Irms = 45A
20.77
20
15.32

I (A)
15
12.36

10
6.77
4.51
5
DC choke 0
1.54 1.21

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25
Harmonic order

Dng khng lc 3% Line current spectrum

30

25
25.94
THDI = 40%
20
Irms = 28A

I (A)
15

10 9.38

- 60%
5 3.20
1.80
0.87 0.74 0.49 0.35 0.30
0
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25
Harmonic order
Bin tn trong h thng in

Gii php gim sng hi

ATV11

ATV31

ATV71
ATV71

Built-in inductance 1% Built-in inductance 3%

Irms reduction 30% Irms reduction 60%
ATV71 THD <=48%
In accordance with
standards

15kW 75kW 500kW

Design by: Vit Trn

Bin tn trong h thng in

Gii php gim sng hi

THDI vi
choke 3% ti
gim THDI, khng th tng mi gi tr
Mc ti %
u vo
cun khng (St p -> gim cng sut v
% mmen)
10 4.4
20 9 Mt s tiu chun (vd. IEEE519 US) i hi
30 13 thit b to ra mc sng hi rt nh
40 18
50 22
60 27 C th lm gim mc sng hi mc
70 31 tng th, hoc lp t cho tng thit b c
80 35 sinh ra sng hi
90 40
100 44
B lc LC cho php a mc THDI t 16%
ti 10%, v c th ti 5% khi dng kt hp
vi cun khng

Schneider c gii php ny t cng sut

0.75kW ti 500kW

B lc LC
Bin tn trong h thng in

Gii php gim nhiu in t

Tun th vic u ni, i dy trong ti liu hng

dn lp t bin tn
RFI
Filter
Dng b lc RFI (cn gi l b lc EMC) lm gim
nhiu truyn dn v nhiu pht x

C nhiu mc lc khc nhau. Vic s dng b lc

mc no ty thuc vo yu cu ca tiu chun
phi tun theo v vo di cp, kiu cp u

Nhiu in t pha cp ng c c th gim thiu

bng cch s dng cp bc kim, ni t v tun
th vic u ni hng dn trong ti liu
Bin tn trong h thng in

Thit b Lc nhiu lm vic nh th no

Lcfilter
RFI RFI

Dng
High in tn
frequency s cao
leakage (khp
current mch
(generated qua cc
principally t stray
by the incapacitance)
r)

Dng cp bc kim l bt buc tun th vi tiu chun EMC

Design by: Vit Trn

Bin tn trong h thng in

Schneider Offer

Mi trng 1 Ta nh dn dng Mi trng 2 Cng nghip

C1 ATV11 up to 2.2kW C3
ATV31 5.5kW to 15kW

Built-in class B Built-in class A gr2

ATV31 up to 15kW ATV71 5.5kW to 500kW

ATV71 up to 500kW
Optional class B filter
C2
ATV31 and ATV71 up to 4kW
Built-in class A gr1
Our drives are minimum C3 even if the
drive is more than 400A to comply with
industrial practices.
Built-in class A
Most of the ranges are also available
without filters.

Design by: Vit Trn

 Bin tn trong h thng in

Qu p trn cc ng c: nguyn nhn v gii php

Bt/tt cc IGBTs to ra bin thin in p rt ln (dV/dt)

+ VDC bus in p ra (PWM)

512V dV/dt 2 ti 10kV/S

0V

Dng in ng c
gn hnh sin

- VDC bus

Design by: Vit Trn

Bin tn trong h thng in

Qu p trn cc ng c: nguyn nhn

Qu p gy ra do phn x sng dv/dt v do s phi hp tr khng gia ng c
v cp ni bin tn ng c
ln ca qu p v dv/dt ph thuc vo di cp cng nh k thut PWM
Qu p
dV/dt

l cable

PWM Voltage at Motor Terminals

1500
Qu p trn cc ng c
1000
Thng ti 2 x V bus DC
+ Vdc
500 Vd: U li =400Vac
- Ch ng c
0
= 400xSQR2x2 = 1132V
Voltage

- Ch my pht (hm)
-500
- Vdc = 785x2 = 1570V
-1000

i khi in p c th tng ln ln hn 2
-1500 Vdc ...

-2000
Tim e

Design by: Vit Trn

Bin tn trong h thng in

Qu p trn cc ng c: gii php

Gii php gim qu p

Gii hn nh xung ca qu p

Gim dv/dt

Bin php thc hin

Dng bin tn c chc nng gii hn nh

xung qu p (< 2VDC)

S dng b lc dv/dt (Motor choke)

Motor choke
Dng cc b lc LR hoc LC

Dng b lc hnh SIN

Design by: Vit Trn

Bin tn trong h thng in

Qu p trn cc ng c: gii php

S dng bin tn c chc nng hn ch qu in p trn cc ng c

Bin tn ATV71:

+ 2Vdc

Chc nng khng c bt

Qu p ln hn 2Vdc

Time [s]

+ 2Vdc

SUL chc nng c bt

Time [s]

Design by: Vit Trn

Bin tn trong h thng in

Qu p trn cc ng c: gii php

Design by: Vit Trn

Bin tn trong h thng in

Qu p trn cc ng c: gii php

Bng: Chiu di cp tng ng vi cc gi tr SOP

Design by: Vit Trn

Bin tn trong h thng in

Qu p trn cc ng c: gii php

S dng b lc dv/dt

Motor choke

B lc LC

B lc hnh SIN

Design by: Vit Trn

 Bin tn trong h thng in

Chiu di cp cho php

10 m 50 m 100 m 150 m 300 m 600m

Cp

Chc nng hn ch mm Inductance

Ti 15kW
480v Sinus
Chc nng hn ch mm Inductance

T 18kW Chc nng hn ch mm Inductance

480v
Chc nng hn ch mm Inductance Sinus

Bc kim

Khng bc kim

Design by: Vit Trn

Bin tn trong h thng in

Dng in r (Earth Leakage Current)

Bin tn sinh ra dng in r vi

2 ngun chnh:

dV/dt ca in p ng c to dng r
khp mch qua cc t k sinh xung
t.

U
Cc b lc RFI cng to ngun dng
r qua cc t ni t ca chng.

Design by: Vit Trn

Bin tn trong h thng in

ng i ca dng in r

Differential
breaker
RFI filter

bearings

Dng r tn s thp (to bi cc b lc EMC)

Dng r tn s cao (i qua cc t k sinh)

Design by: Vit Trn

Bin tn trong h thng in

Tc hi ca dng in r

Tc hi

nh hng ti cc thit b
chng dng r (RCD)
Dng r c th gy h hng
bi ca ng c

Mt s gii php

Khng s dng cc b lc EMC nu khng bt buc c bit vi ngun mt pha

gim dng r pha ng c:

Dng khng lc gim dv/dt
Khng dng cp bc kim nu khng bt buc
Gim tn s lm vic ca bin tn
Gim chiu di cp ni bin tn ng c ti mc c th
Design by: Vit Trn
Tng kt thit b

Design by: Vit Trn

Tng kt thit b

Motor Chock:
CB:
Gim dv/dt trn in p ra
bo v ngn mch

Line chock: RMC, RIF filter:

gim sng hi gim tng thch in t

DC chock:
Contactor pha trn v
Gim sng hi
pha di:
Cch ly

Design by: Vit Trn

 Ti liu tham kho
Gio trnh: K thut iu khin ng c Ts.L
Quang c
Training Siemens 2011
My in, kh c in, thit b in GS.Nguyn
Xun Ph
http://trangtintngha.vn

Design by: Vit Trn

Design by: Vit Trn