Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Curso de Ingles
Curso de Ingles
Use Examples
Long-term situations I live in Madrid.
Where does she work?
Habits and routines I travel to work by car.
How often do you play golf?
Feelings and opinions She doesnt like her work.
I agree with you.
Facts The journey takes 30 minutes.
It costs $ 15.
Question words
1
Present Continuous
Verb
Positive Verb example Negative
example
I m (am) I m not (am
not)
He s (is) He isnt (is not)
She She
It working. working.
It
You re (are) You arent (are not)
We We
They They
Use Examples
Actions happening now Hes talking on the phone at the moment.
Theyre having lunch with a customer.
Temporary situations or actions Jeans are selling well this season.
Im not travelling on business this month.
Which hotel are you staying at?
- A dictionary tells you when the final consonant doubles (travel, travelling), and
when we leave out the final e (make, making).
Past Simple
Positive Negative
I I
You You
He He
started didnt (did Start
She yesterday She yesterday.
rang* not) ring*
It It
We We
They They
2
He He
She She
It No, It didnt.
We We
They They
* See the list of irregular verbs on page 16.
Use Examples
Finished situations and actions in the past I lived in Rome for two years.
He flew to America last week.
They didnt come to the party.
Where did you spend your last holiday?
- We often use the Past Simple with finished time phrases like yesterday, last week, an
hour ago.
- Regular verbs in the Past Simple end in ed. A dictionary tells you when the
consonant doubles (Group 3), and when the y changes to I (Group 4).
3
Use Examples
We use than after a comparative adjective. London is bigger than Paris.
Much can come before the comparative to He is much younger than his brother.
add emphasis. Tokyo is much more expensive than Rome.
We use the before a superlative adjective. Camary Wharf is the tallest building in
London.
As as shows something is the same or Greece is as sunny as Spain.
equal. I am as happy as you are.
Not as as shows something isnt the Italy isnt as big as France.
same or equal.
- One syllable adjectives ending with one vowel and a consonant double the
consonant:
Mass nouns
Use Examples
Mass nouns have no plural form. They want some information.
We do not use a or an with them. I dont like music
We use them with a singular verb form. This machinery is expensive.
Count nouns
Use Examples
Count nouns have a singular and plural form. This machine is expensive.
We use them with a and an. Did you have a good trip?
We use them with singular and plural verb forms. These machines are expensive.
Some nouns are both mass and count.
4
Use Examples
Mass (general meaning) James writes about wine.
She has a lot of experience of the travel industry.
Count (specific meaning) Hes writing a book about the wines of Italy.
I had some amusing experiences on my last holiday.
some
Use Examples
With mass and count nouns in positive I bought some tea.
sentences She made some appointments.
In offers and requests Would you like some coffee?
Could I have some information?
any
Use Examples
With mass and count nouns in negative I didnt buy any apples.
sentences in questions He didnt spend any money.
Did they give you any help?
Do you have any questions?
a lot of / lots of
Use Examples
With mass and count nouns in positive Theres a lot of traffic today.
sentences There are a lot of cars in the city centre.
Lots of people go jogging in the park.
much
Use Examples
With mass nouns in negative sentences, We havent got much luggage.
and in questions I dont have much time.
How much paper do you need?
many
Use Examples
With count nouns in negative sentences, We havent got many suitcases.
and in questions She didnt have many meetings.
How many people did you invite?
In positive sentences Many people are on holiday this week.
5
- In positive sentences, a lot of / lots of is more common than many.
Verb Verb
Positive Negative
examples examples
I I
You You havent
ve (have)
We arrived. We (have not) arrived.
They begun. They begun.
He He
hasnt (has
She s (has) She
not)
It It
Use Examples
Finished experiences in your life up to Shes lived in China and Japan.
now Hes had experience of marketing
Have you ever been to Brazil?
Recent situations and actions in a time up Weve reduced prices.
to now Corporate business has increased
significantly.
Have you had a holiday this year?
Situations that started in the past and still Hes been an architect since 1992.
continue Shes had a translation agency for ten
years.
How long have you known her?
6
Past actions in a time up to now where we Shes designed a lot of fashion items for
give the quantity Burberrys.
How many letters have you written?
- contracted forms
In spoken English, we usually say Ive, youre, hes, etc.
In formal, written English we normally use I have, you have, he has, etc.
Positive Negative
I I
You You havent
ve (have)
We We (have not)
been been
They They
working. working.
He He
hasnt (has
She s (has) She
not)
It It
Use Examples
Actions that began in the past and Weve been producing pens since the 1980s.
continue to the present Hes been living here for five years.
How long have you been learning English?
Actions that began in the past and have You look very tired. Have you been working?
just stopped Im hot because Ive been running.
- The Present Perfect Continuous and Simple are similar in meaning. The form we use
often depends on whether we are more interested in the action or its result.
Ive been fixing the car. (My hands are dirty.)
Ive fixed the car. (Now I can drive to work.)
7
- We use the Present Perfect Continuous to say how long.
Theyve been interviewing people since 10 a.m.
Shes been writing letters all morning.
We use the Present Perfect Simple to say how many.
Theyve interviewed nine people. Shes written five letters.
Future: going to
Positive Negative
I I m not (am
m (am)
not)
He He
She s (is)
going to She isnt (is not) going to
It
You begin. It begin.
We You
re (are) arent (are
They We
not)
They
Use Examples
Future plans, intentions, and decisions Were going to buy a new car soon.
When are you going to have a holiday?
Im not going to have lunch today.
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Future actions we feel certain about The skys very dark. Im sure its going to
because of what we can see now. rain.
Look out! That cars going to hit you!
Use Examples
Fixed future arrangements Im flying to Tokyo at 10 a.m. tomorrow.
When is the President arriving?
Im not playing golf this weekend.
Future: will
Use Examples
Future facts and predictions The new hotel will cost $ 10 million.
The construction work wont start until next
year.
How many jobs will there be?
9
Decisions made at the time of speaking Ill give you the report today.
Hold on a minute. Ill write down your phone
number.
Zero Conditional
Positive Negative
If I read too much, I get a headache If I didnt read too much, I didnt get a
headache.
Question Negative
You get a headache if you read too much? Yes, I get.
No, I dont get.
1st Conditional
Positive Negative
If they offer me the job, Ill accept it. If you dont study more, youll fail your
exam.
Well have a lot of work if we get the They wont visit us if theyre very busy.
contract. If they dont leave now, they wont arrive
on time.
Question Negative
Will you buy a new car if you have the money? Yes, I will.
If you ask him, will he tell you? No, he wont.
What will he do if his plane arrives late? -
Use Examples
Future possibilities and their results If the proposal becomes a reality, it will
revolutionize train travel in Europe.
If the weather is bad, the train will arrive before
the plane.
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- The if clause can come before or after the main clause. When the if clause comes
first, we usually put a comma between it and the main clause.
If the meeting is successful, well sign the contract.
Well sign the contract if the meeting is successful.
- For things we are certain will happen, we use when nor if.
When he returns from the USA, hell contact you. (We know he will return.)
Well leave when we finish the work. (We know we will finish the work.)
2nd Conditional
Positive Negative
If I had more time, I'd travel more. If he didnt earn so much, he wouldn't
spend so much.
He'd understand the reason if you I wouldn't invest in that company if I were
explained it. you.
Question Negative
Would you stop work if you won $ 1 million? Yes, I would.
Would he work abroad if he got the chance? No, he wouldn't.
If you had six months off work, how would you -
spend the time?
Use Examples
Unlikely or unreal situations and If public transport were free, there would be
their probable results fewer cars in the city centres.
If I were the Transport Minister, I would increase
petrol prices.
- The if clause can come before or after the main clause. When the if clause comes
first, we usually put a comma between it and the main clause.
If I won a lot of money, I'd buy a Ferrari.
I'd buy a Ferrari if I won a lot of money.
- With I, he, and she, we can use was instead of were in the if clause, especially in a
more informal style.
If it was less expensive, he would buy it.
- The Past tense does not refer to past time in a conditional sentence. If refers to an
unreal situation.
If I were the Transport Minister... (but I'm not).
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3rd Conditional
Positive Negative
If I had studied, I would have passed the If I had known that day we had a test, I
exam. wouldnt have spent the night drinking.
Question Negative
Would you have passed the exam if you Yes, I would have.
had studied? No, I wouldnt have.
Use Examples
Criticizing people, pointing out their If I had known, I would have gone to visit
mistakes or expressing regret about the you.
past.
Modal verbs
Can Could May Might Shall Should Will would Must Mustn't Needn't
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Use Examples
- The form of a modal verb is the same for all persons. We don't add -s to the 3 rd
person singular of a modal verb.
I/You/He/She/It/We/They may arrive late.
He can speak German.
- To make the negative of a modal verb, we add not or n't. We don't use don't and
doesn't.
He can't/cannot speak Japanese.
You mustn't/must not drive on the right in the UK.
She may not arrive before you leave.
- With I and we, we use shall for offers, and when asking for and making suggestions.
Shall I close the door?
What shall we do?
Shall we go to the park?
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The Passive
Positive Negative
Coffee is grown in Brazil. Cigarette advertising isn't allowed in
The company was founded in 1970. cinemas.
Vines have been grown in this area for Prices weren't increased last year.
over 2000 years. A decision hasnt been made yet.
Use Examples
Prepositions of time
Month/season/year/century
June
Winter
In
1996
The 21st century
14
The morning
In The afternoon
The evening
Day/date
Tuesday
6 December
Easter Monday
On
Christmas Day
Friday morning
Wednesday evenings.
Time/meal time
Six o'clock
At Lunch time
Midnight
The weekend
At Christmas
Easter
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against directed towards sth. The bird flew against the window.
in a line; from one point
along They're walking along the beach.
to another
among in a group I like being among people.
around in a circular way We're sitting around the campfire.
behind at the back of Our house is behind the supermarket.
below lower than sth. Death Valley is 86 metres below sea level.
beside next to Our house is beside the supermarket.
Our house is between the supermarket and the
between sth./sb. is on each side
school.
by near He lives in the house by the river.
close to near Our house is close to the supermarket.
down from high to low He came down the hill.
from the place where it starts Do you come from Tokyo?
the part that is in the
in front of Our house is in front of the supermarket.
direction it faces
inside opposite of outside You shouldn't stay inside the castle.
into entering sth. You shouldn't go into the castle.
near close to Our house is near the supermarket.
next to beside Our house is next to the supermarket.
off away from sth. The cat jumped off the roof.
onto moving to a place The cat jumped onto the roof.
opposite on the other side Our house is opposite the supermarket.
out of leaving sth. The cat jumped out of the window.
outside opposite of inside Can you wait outside?
over above sth./sb. The cat jumped over the wall.
past going near sth./sb. Go past the post office.
round in a circle We're sitting round the campfire.
going from one point to
through You shouldn't walk through the forest.
the other point
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towards in the direction of sth. They walk towards the castle.
under below sth. The cat is under the table.
up from low to high He went up the hill.
Irregular verbs
17
drive drove driven
drink drank drunk
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
feed fed fed
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
fit fit fit
flee fled fled
fling flung flung
fly flew flown
forbid forbade forbidden
forget forgot forgotten
forego
(forgo) forewent foregone
forgive forgave forgiven
forsake forsook forsaken
freeze froze frozen
get got gotten
give gave given
go went gone
grind ground ground
grow grew grown
hang hung hung
hear heard heard
hide hid hidden
hit hit hit
hold held held
hurt hurt hurt
keep kept kept
kneel knelt knelt
knit knit knit
know knew know
lay laid laid
lead led led
leap leaped/lept leaped/lept
learn learned/learnt learned/learnt
leave left left
lend lent lent
let let let
lie lay lain
light lighted/lit lighted
lose lost lost
make made made
mean meant meant
meet met met
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misspell misspelled/misspelt misspelled/misspelt
mistake mistook mistaken
mow mowed mowed/mown
overcome overcame overcome
overdo overdid overdone
overtake overtook overtaken
overthrow overthrew overthrown
pay paid paid
plead pled pled
prove proved proved/proven
put put put
quit quit quit
read read read
rid rid rid
ride rode ridden
ring rang rung
rise rose risen
run ran run
saw sawed sawed/sawn
say said said
see saw seen
seek sought sought
sell sold sold
send sent sent
set set set
sew sewed sewed/sewn
shake shook shaken
shave shaved shaved/shaven
shear shore shorn
shed shed shed
shine shone shone
shoe shoed shoed/shod
shoot shot shot
show showed showed/shown
shrink shrank shrunk
shut shut shut
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk
sit sat sat
sleep slept slept
slay slew slain
slide slid slid
sling slung slung
slit slit slit
smite smote smitten
sow sowed sowed/sown
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speak spoke spoken
speed sped sped
spend spent spent
spill spilled/spilt spilled/spilt
spin spun spun
spit spit/spat spit
split split split
spread spread spread
spring sprang/sprung sprung
stand stood stood
steal stole stolen
stick stuck stuck
sting stung stung
stink stank stunk
stride strod stridden
strike struck struck
string strung strung
strive strove striven
swear swore sworn
sweep swept swept
swell swelled swelled/swollen
swim swam swum
swing swung swung
take took taken
teach taught taught
tear tore torn
tell told told
think thought thought
thrive thrived/throve thrived
throw threw thrown
thrust thrust thrust
tread trod trodden
understand understood understood
uphold upheld upheld
upset upset upset
wake woke woken
wear wore worn
weave weaved/wove weaved/woven
wed wed wed
weep wept wept
wind wound wound
win won won
withhold withheld withheld
withstand withstood withstood
wring wrung wrung
write wrote written
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SOCIAL ENGLISH
Meeting people
Introductions
Greetings
Hello,... (Roberto).
Good/Nice to see you again.
Good morning/afternoon/evening.
- We only say Good night when we are leaving. We don't use it as a greeting.
Goodbyes
I must go now.
We really must leave now.
I must be off.
21
It was very nice meeting you. I really enjoyed meeting you, too.
Have a good trip/journey/flight. Thank you... (and the same to you).
I hope to see you again. I hope so, too.
Telephoning
Making contact
Leaving a message
Welcoming a visitor
22
Did you have a good journey?
How was your flight?
The journey here Did you have any problems finding us?
How did you get here?
Are you here on business?
Staying at a hotel
Booking a hotel
Arriving at a hotel
23
I have a reservation.
Making requests
At a restaurant
Recommending
What do you recommend?
The... (seafood) is usually excellent here.
I recommend the... (chicken).
Ordering
I'll/We'll have... (smoked Scottish salmon).
Offering
Do have some more... (prawns).
What about... (dessert)?
How about... (some strawberries)?
Would you like... (a coffee)?
Accepting
Yes, I'd like that.
Yes, that would be very nice.
Declining
Thank you, but I couldn't eat any more.
No, thank you.
Making arrangements
Making an appointment
24
would be convenient for you?
When could we meet?
What time are you free?
would suit you?
Changing an appointment
I'm very sorry I have to cancel the appointment on... (Friday).
I'm afraid I can't manage our meeting... (tomorrow).
Could we arrange another time?
I agree.
Agreeing I certainly agree with that.
I agree completely.
25
In my opinion... (it's excellent).
Giving opinions
I think... (it's rather expensive).
Invitations
Offers
26
Yes, please.
Thank you.
Accepting
That's very kind of you.
Thank you. I'd appreciate that.
Requests
Yes, of course.
Yes, certainly.
Agreeing
Not at all.
No, of course not.
27
I see.
Showing understanding Right, I've got that.
So,... (the next train's in half an hour)
Let me check.
Checking
I'll look that up.
Social responses
Thanking
Apologizing
Sorry?
Pardon?
Could you repeat that, please?
I'm sorry, I didn't catch... (your name).
28
May I sit here? Yes, of course.
Could I use your phone? Please do.
Yes, certainly.
Do you mind if I open the window? No, not at all.
Refusing permission
Expressing surprise
Saying goodbye
29
Thank you for inviting us. We've had a wonderful time.
for everything. It was really enjoyable.
very much for your hospitality. I really appreciate it.
Everything was great.
Thanks a lot.
Responding to thanks
30
OTHER USEFUL INFORMATION
Business correspondence
CUNNINGHAM ASSOCIATES
26, Trent Rd, Bicester, Oxon OX6 8RN
Tel: 0861 204950 Fax: 0861 204900
22 February 1996
Dear Mr Lederc
Thank you for your letter of 15 January. I apologize for not replying sooner.
I would be delighted to meet you to discuss the fashion show, as you suggested.
31
Unfortunately, as I am flying to Rome in the afternoon, I will not be able to visit your
factory, and cannot attend your company dinner in the evening.
I would be grateful if you could send me your catalogue and price list as soon as
possible, as I would like to show your Summer Collection to the fashion buyers at our
monthly meeting next week.
I look forward to meeting you next month. Please let me know if you would like any
further information.
Yours sincerely
David Cunningham
President
Opening
Dear Sir
Madam
Mr... Murphy
Mrs... Hobbs
Miss... Young
Ms... White
.... George
Dr... Green
- When you don't know the receiver's name, use Sir or Madam.
For a man, use the receiver's family name with Mr.
For a married woman, use the receiver's family name with Mrs. or Ms.
For an unmarried woman, use the receiver's family name with Miss or Ms.
For a close business contact or friend, use the receiver's first name.
For a doctor, us Dr. and the family name.
32
- Ms can replace Mrs and Miss. It doesn't indicate whether a woman is married.
Making reference
Apologizing
Agreeing to requests
I am afraid that...
Unfortunately...
Requesting
Enclosing documents
33
I have pleasure in enclosing...
I am enclosing...
I enclose...
Finishing
Closing
Yours faithfully
sincerely
Best wishes
- When you open the letter with Dear Sir or Dear Madam, use Yours faithfully.
When you open the letter with the receiver's family name, use Yours sincerely.
For a close business contact or friend, use Best wishes.
American English
This section describes some differences between American and British English. The
differences are not very great, and they may vary between regions across the USA.
have/have got
To express possession, British people often say have got.
British British/American
I've got a German car. Yes, I have. I have an Italian car. Yes, I do.
Have you got a fax machine? No, I haven't. Do you have any children? No, I don't.
The difference is only in the Present Simple. There is no difference in other tenses.
When we use the verb have for an action, there is no difference between American
and British English.
34
British/American
Where British English uses the Present Perfect, American English often uses the Past
Simple.
British American
Dates (written)
British American
Dates (spoken)
British American
She started work on the second of She started work on November second,
November, nineteen ninety-four. nineteen ninety-four.
Prepositions
British American
35
Vocabulary
British American
Flat Apartment
car automobile
taxi cab
chemist's drug store
lift elevator
autumn fall
tap faucet
ground floor first floor
motorway freeway
petrol gas
post mail
cinema movie theater
trousers pants
wallet pocketbook
railway railroad
toilet rest room
return ticket round trip ticket
pavement sidewalk
tube / underground subway
holiday vacation
Mathematical terms
1/4 A quarter
36
+ 3+5=8 Three plus five is eight
1/3 A third
1/2 A half
Grammar timelines
37
38
Phrasal Verbs
add up (meaning:
Separable Correct: She added up the total on her calculator.
to add)
Correct: She added it up on her calculator.
Inseparable get around Correct: She always gets around the rules.
39
(meaning: to
evade)
Incorrect: She always gets the rules around (This
construction makes no sense in English.)
catch on (meaning: Correct: After I explained the math problem, she began
Intransitive
to understand) to catch on.
Incorrect: She began to catch on the math problem.
(catch on cannot take a direct object in this meaning.)
Correct: She began to catch on to the math problem.
(the word to makes the math problem an indirect
object, which is acceptable in this meaning.)
Separable
add up - add
back up - cause to move backwards; support; blow up; cause to explode; destroy by
explosives
break down - analyze; list the parts of separately
break into - go into a house or room forcibly; suddenly; begin; bring about - cause to
happen
bring off - accomplish
bring on - cause
bring out - publish; emphasize
bring over - bring
bring to - revive
bring up - raise; care for from childhood
brush out - brush the inside of
burn down - destroy by burning
burn up - consume by fire
buy out - by the other person's share of a business
buy up - buy the whole supply of
call off - cancel; order away
call up - telephone; summon for military service
calm down - become calm
carry on - continue
carry out - fulfill; complete; accomplish; perform
carry over - carry; continue at another time or place
cheer up - cause to become cheerful
chew up - chew thoroughly
chop up - chop into small pieces
clean off - clean the surface of
clean out - clean the inside of
clean up - clarify; tidy
40
clear out - clear the surface of
clear up - clear the inside of
close down - close permanently
close up - close temporarily
count in - include
count out - exclude
count up - calculate; count; add to a total
cross out - eliminate
cut off - interrupt; sever; amputate
cut out - eliminate; delete
cut down - reduce in quantity
draw up - write; compose (a document)
dress up - put clothes on; adorn
dust out - dust the inside of
eat up - eat completely
figure out - interpret; understand
figure up - compute
fill in - complete (a printed form)
fill out - complete (a printed form)
fill up - fill completely (a container)
find out - discover
fix up - repair; arrange in a suitable manner
get across - cause to be understood
give back - return
give out - distribute; announce
give up - surrender something
hand down - deliver; pronounce formally; leave as an inheritance
hand over - yield control of
hang up - suspend
have on - be dressed in
have over - entertain someone informally at one's home
hold off - delay; restrain
hold up - delay; rob; threaten with a weapon
keep up - continue; keep the same pace
leave out - omit
let down - disappoint
let out - release from confinement; make larger (in sewing)
light up - light; illuminate thoroughly
live down - live in such a way as to cause something to be forgotten
make over - remake
move over - move to the side
pass out - distribute
pass up - not take advantage of (as an opportunity)
pass on - transmit
pay back - repay
pay off - discharge a debt completely; give someone his final pay
pick up - come to meet an escort; lift with hands or fingers; learn casually;
initiate an association publicly
play down - minimize
41
play up - emphasize
point out - indicate
pull down - pull in a downward direction; raze
push across - cause to be understood or accepted
put off - postpone
put on - dress in; deceive or fool
put up - preserve (food); receive as an overnight guest
quiet down - be quiet
ring up - the telephone
rinse off - rinse the surface of
rinse out - rinse the inside of
rule out - eliminate
run down - trace; disparage; hit with a vehicle
run off - cause to depart; reproduce mechanically
save up - accumulate
see through - complete; in spite of difficulties
see off - accompany someone to the beginning of a trip
send back - send to a place where formerly located
send over - send to where someone is
set up - arrange
show off - exhibit ostentatiously
shut off - cause to cease functioning
slow up - cause to move more slowly
spell out - enumerate; state in detail
stand up - fail to keep an appointment with
sweep out - sweep the inside of
take back - return; retract a statement
take down - remove from a high position; write from dictation
take in - understood; fool; deceive; make smaller (in sewing)
take over - take; assume command of
tear down - destroy
tear up - tear into small pieces
tell off - scold; reprimand
think over - consider
think through - consider from beginning to end
think up - create; invent
throw away - discard
throw over - reject
tie up - tie securely or tight
tire out - cause to be exhausted
touch up - repair
try on - put on a garment to verify the fit
try out - test
turn down - refuse; lower the volume
turn out - produce; force into exile, extinguish (a light)
wash off - wash the surface of
wash out - wash the inside of
wear out - use until no longer usable; tire greatly
wind up - finish, tighten the spring of a watch or machine
42
wipe off - wipe the surface of
wipe out - wipe the inside of; decimate
work out - solve
write down - record
write out - write down every detail; spell out
write up - compose; prepare (a document)
Inseparable
43
go for - like a great deal
go in for - be interested in; participate in
go on with - continue
go over - review
go with - harmonize with; look pleasing together
go without - abstain from
hang around - remain idly in the vicinity of
hear from - receive a communication from
hear of - learn about (sometimes accidentally)
hit on - discover accidentally
hold on to - grasp tightly
hold out against - resist
keep at - persevere at
keep to - persist in; continue
keep up with - maintain the pace of
lie down on - evade; fail to do
live on - support or sustain oneself by means of
live up to - maintain the standard demanded of
look after - take care of
look back on - remember nostalgically
look down on - feel superior to
look forward to - anticipate
look up to - respect; admire
make up for - compensate for
pass on - transmit
pick on - tease; bully
play up to - flatter for personal advantage
put up with - tolerate
read up on - search out information on
run against - compete against in an election
run away with - leave; escape from
run for - campaign for
see about - consider; arrange
see to - arrange; supervise
settle on - decide on; choose
stand for - represent; permit
stand up for - support; demand
stand up to - resist
stick to - persist
stick up for - support; defend
take after - resemble
talk back to - answer impolitely
talk over - discuss
tell on - report misbehavior to authority
touch on - mention briefly
turn into - become
wait on - serve
wait up for - not go to bed while waiting for
watch out for - be careful for
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Intransitive
back down - retreat from a position in an argument
back out - desert; fail to keep a promise
back up - move backwards
bear up - endure
blow in - drop in to visit unexpectedly
blow over - pass without doing harm
blow up - explode; lose one's temper
call up - telephone
calm down - become calm
carry on - continue as before; misbehave
catch on - understand
catch up - cover the distance between oneself and a moving goal
check up - investigate
check out - leave; pay one's bill
cheer up - become cheerful
clear out - leave
clear up - become clear
close down - close permanently
close up - close temporarily
came about - happen
come along - accompany; make progress
come back - return
come by - visit someone in his home
come out - appear; make a social debut
come over - come to someone's house, to where someone is
come through - succeed
come to - regain consciousness
cut in - interrupt
die away - fade; diminish
die down - fade; diminish
die off/out - disappear; become extinct
dress up - don fancy or unusual clothes
drive back - return by car
drop in - visit someone casually without planning
drop out - abandon some organized activity; leave; quit
drop over - visit someone casually
fall behind - not progress at required pace
fall off - decrease; lose weight
fall through - fail; not be accomplished
fill in - substitute
find out - learn
fly back - return by air
fly over - fly to where someone is
get ahead - make progress
get along - have a friendly relationship
get around - circulate; move about
get away - escape
get by - manage; either just barely or with a minimum of effort
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get in - enter
get off - descend from leave
get on - enter (a vehicle); mount (a horse, etc.)
get on/along - progress; be compatible
get up - rise
get through - finish
give out - become exhausted
give up - surrender; fail to finish
go back - return
go off - explode
go on - happen; continue
go out - stop burning; leave one's residence
go over - go; succeed
grow up - mature
hang around - remain idly; dawdle
hang up - replace a telephone receive on its hook
hold on - grasp tightly; persevere; wait while telephoning
hold out - continue to resist; persevere; persist
keep on - continue
keep up - maintain the required pace or standard; continue
let up - diminish in intensity
lie down - recline
look on - be a spectator
make out - progress; succeed
make up - become reconciled
move over - move to the side
pan out - turn out well; be successful
pass out - become unconscious
pass on - die
pick up - grow; increase
pull in - arrive
pull out - deport
pull through - survive (barely)
ride over - ride to where someone is
run away - escape; leave; leave quickly without permission
run down - slowly lose power so as to stop functioning
run off - depart running; drain
sell out - sell the ownership or responsibility
settle up - pay one's bills or debts
show off - boast by words or actions
show up - arrive; appear unexpectedly
shut up - stop talking
slow up - reduce speed
stand by - wait; be prepared to assist
stand up - stand; rise from sitting; last; endure
stay over - remain at someone's house overnight or longer
step aside - move to one side
take off - leave the ground
take over - assume command
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talk back - answer impolitely
throw up - vomit
turn around - turn so that one is facing another direction
turn in - go to bed
turn out - succeed; come; appear, as at a public meeting
turn up - arrive; be found unexpectedly
wait up - remain awake in anticipation
wake up - awaken
walk back - return on foot to where one was
walk over - walk to where someone is
wash out - fade or disappear from washing
watch out - be careful
wear off - fade; disappear through use or time
wear out - become unusable through use; become used up
work out - be successful
Our father who art in heaven, hollowed be thy name thy kingdom come.
Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven give us, this day, our daily bread and
forgive our trespasses as we forgive them that trespass against us and lead us not into
temptation but deliver us from evil. Amen
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