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11




 ) 2(
2016-2015

Problem 1 (15 Marks):

Store house located at coastal area exposed to open sea. Store width
= 50 m, length = 50 m, Bay Spacing = 10 m, eave height = 10 m, roof
slope angle = 30 degree, basic wind velocity, Vb. 28 m/ sec.

1 - Calculate the wind load for

the side wall and the roof (use
internal area only) [suppose
= ], calculate the total wind
for this case only.
2 - Answer with [A] for yes, [B] for No:

(Orography factor () : Is the factor takes account for large local
variation in the ground surface). [A]
Answer:

Coastal area exposed to open sea
Terrain category
0 = 0.003 = 1 = 200 0,11 = 0.05
= 50 = 50 = 10 = 30
50

= 10 + 30 = 24.43
2
= 28 /
0.07
0 0.003 0.07
= 0.19 ( ) = 0.19 ( )
0, 0.05

= 0.156

() = ln ( ) < = 24.43 <
0
24.43
= 0.156 ln = 1.405
0.003
() = () 0() = 1.405 1 28 = 39.33/
1
= [1 + 7 () ] 2 = 1718 2 = 1.72/2
2

12
 = 1 1
() = = = 0.111
24.43
0 () ln ( ) 1 ln (
0 0.003)
For = 0
24.43
= = 0.49
50 =0
D E

1 0.8 -0.5
Page 41
0.5 0.733 -0.367

0.25 0.7 -0.3

= 300
G H I J
-0.5 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5
0.7 0.4 0 0

= 50
= min {
2 = 2 24.43 = 48.86
= 48.86

= 12.215 = 4.89
4 1

13


= ()

= 1, =

() = 1.72 /2

For middle frame: L=10m

= ( ). ().

: 1,2 = (0.733 + 0) 1.72 10 = 12.61 /

: 1,2 = (0.367 + 0) 1.72 10 = 6.31/
: ,1 = (0.5 + 0) 1.72 10 = 8.6/

: ,2 = (+0.7 + 0) 1.72 10 = 12.4/

: ,1 = (0.2 + 0) 1.72 10 = 3.44/

: ,2 = (0.4 + 0) 1.72 10 = 6.88/

: ,1 = (0.5 + 0) 1.72 10 = 8.6/
: ,2 =
: ,1 = (0.4 + 0) 1.72 10 = 6.88/
: ,2 =

14



4.89
1 = 12.61 10 + 6.31 10 8.6 sin 30 3.44

cos 30
20.11 4.89
sin 30 + 8.6 sin 30 + 6.88
cos 30 cos 30
20.11

sin 30 = 229,14
cos 30
4.89
2 = 12.61 10 + 6.31 10 + 12.04 sin 30 + 6.88
cos 30
20.11
sin 30 = 303,1
cos 30

Problem 2 (20 Marks):

Beam with 15 m span and single concentrated force Fd = 150 KN (q

= 0), to be design as plate girder, Steel grade S275.

A.) Design:

15
1- Calculate and draw the bending and shear diagram.
2- Using any methods of proportion, get out and draw the section
dimension.
3- Check the strength of the section in the middle to resist the
bending moment only, any method is accepted.
4- Check the field at support to resist the shear as rigid end-post.
B.) Detailing:
Detail with scale the field at the support.
C.)Answer with [A] for yes, [B] for No:

(Post Buckling: Is an additional resistance appear in stiffener)

Answer: A):
1-

2- Section dimension:
15000

12 20 = = = 750
20 20
< 40
Assuming: } = 275 /2
275

= , = , 0 =
0 .
562.5106
= = 2727.28 2
750275

Flange breadth:
0.3 0.5

16
 0.3 750 0.5 750
225 375
= 225
2727.28
= = = 12.12 15
225

= 15

() = 225 15 () = 3375 2

Considered web from class 3:
assume
40
} = 275/2
275

235
= = 0.92
275
750
124 124 0.92

750
= 6.57 = 8
124 0.92
: : 225 15

: 750 8
:

Check Proposed:
Flange:
= 10

= 275
2
225 8
; = = = 108.5
2 2

17
 108.5
= 7.23
15

9 = 9 0.92 = 8.28 = 7.23 < 9 = 8.28

Flange is class 1 OK
Web:

a: the distance between following stiffeners

= 1750 > = 750


250
= 8

750 } = 8 > = 3
= =3 250

250 250
Considered k=0.55 for web from class 3
= 8

. . ; = 210000

750 275 225 15

= 1.34
0.55 210000 750 8

= 8 > . . = 1.34

-3

0 5

18
 750 8
= 1.78
225 15

0< < 0.2

15
= 0.02 < 0.2
750

< 680
.

750
= 81.52 < 680
10 0.92
, = ( + ).
= (225 15)(750 + 15) 275 106

, = 710.02 . > = 562.5 .
4- There is a transverly stiffeners: field AB

31 (133)

1250 2
= = 1.67 > 1 = 5.34 + 4 ( )
750

750 2
= 5.34 + 4 ( ) = 6.78
1250
750 0.92
= 93.75 31 6.78

8 1
90 < 74.26
Page 134

, = , + ,
3 1

19

, =
3 1
135


=
37.4
:B

750

= = 1.05

37.4 8 0.926.78
0.83
<
< 1.08
=1
From table 5-1 Page 134 with Rigid end post
0.83

= = 0.79


0.79 275 750 8
, = = 752576.08 = 752.6

3

,
3 1
1 275 750 8

= 952.6
3 1
, > ,

, = 952.6 > 750

20


Problem 3 (20 Marks):
For the industrial building shown, S275, (building length 1= 52.5 m)
1. For the simply supported Purlins on AB roof, check the factored
moments , , , for the load combination = . +

. only (low shear & checking LTB is not required).
The details are as follows: Purlin section is a channel 125x65x15
with a mass of 14.8 kg/m, Cladding weight=0.1 KN/m2, frame

spacing L=5.25 m, purlin spacing S=2m.

2.Check the side rail section L 150x150x18 for lateral torsional
buckling only for a suction wind load only -3 KN/m2 , frame spacing
5.25m , side rail spacing 2m.

Answer:

125 65 15 = 0.148

21
 ) ( 217

-1

= 25

( S )
.

= 0.1 ( = 2) = 0.2 /} 0.348 /

( = 0.6) cos 25 ( = 2) = 1.09 /

-2 cos Z
sin :y

22
 -3 :

0.87 5.252 1.89 5.252

, = = 3 . , = = 6.51 .
8 8

0.87 5.25 1.89 5.25

= , = 2.28 . = , = 4.96 .
2 2
:
= 5.5 , = 89.9 3
=5

23
 = 9.5 , = 33.2 3
= 14.9

:
( - ) ))Page 46

42

< 40
} = 275 = 0.92

275
14.9 42 0.92 = 38.64 class 1
) :)Page 47 -

9


5 9 0.92 = 8.28 1

Page 54 :
,, = , = 89.9 103 275 106 = 24.72 .
, = 6.51
<1

, = 24.72
0.26 < 1
,, = , = 33.2 103 275 106 = 9.13 .

, 3
= = 0.33 < 1
, 9.13
Page 59
=2 1
, ,
( ) (+ ) 1
, ,
(0.26)2 + 0.33 1

24
 0.4 < 1
:
L 150 150 18

2 6 42


= = 12 . 1.5 = 18 .
8 8
:


15

150
15
18

235
=

40

} = 275 Page 30
275
= 0.92 ( 64 )
8.33 13.8 Ok Not Slender

1350
( = ,
) 0.8
1625

= 99.8 3

25
 = 2.93
400
1350 0.92
= 275 99.83 103 ( 2.93 ) 106
1625 0.92
0.8 275 99.8 103 106
20.29 21.956

, =20.29 KN.m
= 18

= 0.887
, = 20.29

Problem 4 (15 Marks):

Find the unfactored force applied on the wall bracing system

only. The details are as follows: = , , =
, , =

Answer:
, ,

= + +
2 2 2 2
= 2

= + + + + =4
2 2

26

= 0.7
2
, = 12 , , = 17

1 2.5
= 6 2.5 + = 16.25 2
2
1+3
= 5 6 + 5 = 40 2

2
3+4
= 2 [6 2.5 + 2.5] = 47.52
2

0.7 16.25 12 17
= + + = 5.72
22 242 222
,
= +
2

0.7 40 12
= + = 8.5
22 24
, 0.7 47.5 12
= + = + = 9.8125

2 22 24

27

=
2
5.72 2 + 8.5 2 + 9.8125
= = 19.13
2

6 19.13
= 2 , =


6
=
5
6
= 2 = 9.37

50.19
19.13
= = 29.88
50.19

Solved & Written By:

Khaled sadek

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 )2(
2015-2016

Problem 1 (10 Marks):

A simple rectangular store building with duopitch roof is situated in flat

terrain of terrain category II in an area where the basic wind velocity vb

is equal to 26 m/s. The dimensions of the building are: Ridge height 6 m,
eave height 2 m, length 30 m (with 6 bays of 5m each) and width 15 m.

All pressure coefficients for the wind direction = are given in the
drawings.
1) Calculate the wind load for internal faces only using the external
[ ] and internal [ ] pressure coefficients.
2) Answer with [A] for yes, with [B] for no.

Vortex shedding: is an oscillating wind flow when building
crowded together. [B]
Answer:

Terrain Category II =
Length = 30 m Spacing : S= 5m Ridge height = 6m
Width = 15 m = +28 Eave height = 2m

Page 125 = 2 = 200 0, = 0.05

0 = 0.05

= 26 /
1 1
= . 2 = 1.25 (26)2 = 422.5 /2 (Page 28)
2 2
() = ().

71
() = [1 + ] 2 (). 2 () (Page 28)
0 (). () 0
0 () = 1, 1 = 1
0.07
0
= 0.19 [ ] = 0.19 (Page 24)
0,
()
= 2 < = 6 < = 200

31
 6
( () = . ln( ) = 0.19. ln ) () = 0.91
0 0.05
7 1 0.19
() = [1 + ] 12 (0.91)2
1 0.91
() = 2.04
() = 2.04 422.5 = 861.9 /2
() = 0.862 /2

30 > = 28 > 15

= +0.2
= 0.3

32
 = . . ().

= 1

= ( )
() = 0.862 /2
For middle frame = Spacing between fame
= ( ). ().

: = (0.72 + 0) 0.862 5 = 3.103
: = (0.34 0.2) 0.862 5 = 2.33

: = (0.54 0.2) 0.862 5 = 3.19
: = (0.21 0.2) 0.862 5 = 1.77
: = (0.57 0.2) 0.862 5 = 3.32
: = (0.4 0.2) 0.862 5 = 2.586

: = (0.72 + 0.4) 0.862 5 = 4.4 /

: = (0.34 ) 0.862 5 = 1.46/
: = (10.63 + 0.3) 0.862 5 = 4/

33
 : = (0.37 + 0.3) 0.862 5 = 2.89/

Problem 2 (15 Marks):

45m plate girder support two heavy UB beams at 12 m from the
ends. Steel is S355. The Upper flange is fully restrained.
A) Use any method of proportion to calculate the required sections.
B) Determine the maximum design moment and check the
adequacy of selected section.

C) Calculate the maximum design shear, determine the field
dimension, check only one field to resist the shear (All missed
data should be proposed).

D) Detail the location of beam support at upper flange of the plate
girder, location I, (with no scale).
Answer:
: = (1.35 0.925) + 1.5

= (1.35 0.925) 40 + 1.5 55 = 132.45 /

: = (1.35 0.925) + 1.5
= (1.35 0.925) 350 + 1.5 600 = 1337.1

34
 45 33 12
= 132.45 + 1337.1 + 1337.1
2 45 45
= 4317.23

Section dimension:
45000
12 20 = = = 2250
20 20

40 < < 80
Assuming: } = 335 /2
355

= , = , 0 =
0 .

63611,27 106
= = 84393.1 2
2250 335

Flange breadth:
0.3 0.5
0.3 2250 0.5 2250
675 1125
= 1100
84393.1
= = = 76.7
1100

35
 = 77
() = 1100 77 () = 84700 2

Considered web from class 3:

assume
40
} = 355/2
355

235

= = 0.81
355
225
124 124 0.81

2250
= 22.4 = 25

124 0.81
: : 1100 77
: 2250 25

Check Proposed:
= 77

235
= 335 = = 0.84
2 335
1100 25
; = = = 537,5

2 2
537.5
= 6.98
77

9 = 9 0.84 = 7.56 = 6.98 < 9 = 7.56

Flange is class 1

36
 Web:
a: the distance between following stiffeners
= 3500 > = 2250


250
= 25

2250

} = 25 > = 9
= = 9 250
250 250

Considered k=0.55 for web from class 3
= 25

. . ; = 210000


2250 335 1100 77
= 8.01
0.55 210000 2250 25

= 25 > . . = 8.01

, = ( + ).
= (1100 77)(2250 + 77) 335 106

, = 66027.5 . > = 63611.27 .

There is a transverly stiffeners: field AB

31

1550 2
= = 0.68 < 1 = 4 + 5.34 ( )
2250

37
 2250 2
= 4 + 5.34 ( ) = 16.015
1500
2250 0.81
31 16.015
25 1
90 < 100.49
We should be checked for resistance to shear

.
, =
0 3

For welded I section loaded parallel to the web
= = 2250 25 = 56250 2
56250 355
, = 103
1 3

, = 11528.96 > 4317.23

Problem 3 (10 Marks):

Design a simple rectangular baseplate which is carrying a

Column. The column is carrying a factored axial
load , = . Concrete class is 45, Steel is S275.

Answer:
305 305 97

38
 , = = 1850
Concrete class is 45 = 30 /2
Steel is S275
= 307.9
= 305.3
From section properties: = 9.9

= 15.4

2
1 1850 103

[ ] = 40454.32
0 = max 307.9 305.3 30
1850 103
= 61666.67 2
{ 30
0 = 61666.67 2

0.95 = 0.95 307.9 305.3 = 89301.78 2
0 = 61666.67 2 < 0.95 = 89301.78 2

0 = [2( + 2 )(2 + ) + ( 2 2 )(2 + )]

61666.67 = [2(305.3 + 2 15.4)(2 15.4 + )
+ (307.9 2 2 15.4)(2 + 9.9)]
= 35.96 = 40

39
 = 40
307.9 2 15.4 } <
= = = 138.55 2
2 2 2
Non over lapping

( + 2 ) = (305.3 + 2 15.4) = 336.1

= 340

( + 2 ) = (307.9 + 2 15.4) = 338.7

= 340

0.5

[ ]
3 . 0

40 = 275 /2
{
275
40

0.5 = 22.9 = 25 < 40
275
[ ]
3 30 1

40
 Problem 4 (30 Marks):

1- For the crane bridge, find the dynamic maximum force C, and
the horizontal forces , , for one wheel.
2- For the simply supported gantry girder (detailed below) and
using only (1.25 Dead load + 1.35 Vertical crane loads+ 1.35
Horizontal crane loads) as a load combination, check only
lateral torsional Buckling.

The girder section is UKB without any

additional top plate (plastic section), = . , steel grade
S275.
Grider span 5m Span of crane bridge =
Crane capacity (hook load) = Number of wheels on each side One
Weight of crab (trolley) = Minimum hook approach =
Weight of crane bridge = Crane class Q1
Answer:

( + )( )
= +
2

50 (10 + 50)(10 1)
= + = 79
2( 1) (1)(10)
= 1.3 = 1.3 79 = 102.7
+ 10 + 50

1 = 10% = 10% [ ] 1 = 3
2 2 ( 1)
2 = 5% = 5% 79 2 = 3.95

1 =
From the girder section UKB 406 178 74 = 0.742 /

41
 :
0.742 52 102.7 5
= 1.25 + 1.35
8 4
= 176.2 .
35
= 1.35 = 5.06 .
4

1

= . . . .
) . (Page 245
1

1
= 1, = = 0.86, = 1
1
1.2 1 1.2 500 1

= =
93.9 4.04 93.9

1
= 148.5
= 1.719
93.9 0.92
1
=

4 2
1
( 1+ )
20 /

= 412.8 , = 16
1 1
= = = 0.783

2 2
4
) 1 + 1 ( 148.5
4
) ( 1 + 1 20 412.8
20
16

() = 0.882

= 0.86 0.882 0.783 1 1.719 1

> = 1.021
,0 = 0.4

< (Page 105) 2 = 2.3 3.1 ( ) = 0.49

42

( = 0.5[1 +
2
] ,0 ) +

] = 0.5 [1 + 0.49 (1.021 0.4) + 0.75 1.0212

= 1.043
1 1
= =
2 1.043 + (1.043)2 0.75(1.021)2
+ 2

1 1
= 0.626 = = 0.959

2 (1.021)2


2

( = 1 0.5(1 ) [1 2 ] ) 0.8

] = 1 0.5(1 0.86)[1 2(1.021 0.8)2

= 0.937 < 1 OK


= = 0.668 < 1

, = . .
0
275
= 0.668 1500 103 , = 275.55 .
1

, = 275.55 > = 176.2 .

Solved & Written By:

Khaled sadek

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