Hng dan thc hanh cac bai ve bang AutoCAD

HNG DN THC HNH

Tun 2: CC LNH V C BN
1. M bn v mi :
Phi m bn v h mt:
- Khi ng phn mm v
AutoCAD
- Trong hp thoi khi
ng chn Start From Scratch
Chn Metric (bn v c gii
hn A3, h mt)
Hoc
- Menu: File New (hoc
bm phm CTRL+N - ^N)
chn Start From Scratch
Metric
Nu my tnh bn ang
s dng khng hin th hp
thoi khi ng, hy chnh li:
- Cch 1: Trong vng lnh, nhp lnh STARTUP:
Command: startup (enter)
Enter new value for STARTUP <0>: 1 (enter)
- Hoc: Cch 2: Tools Options System Startup Show Startup Dialog box

- Thot ACAD v v li ACAD. Lc ny mn hnh khi ng ACAD s hin th hp

thoi khi ng. Sau , Thc hin li cc thao tc m bn v mi nh hng dn trn, bn s
m c bn v ng h mt.
2. Ghi bn v ln a:
- Menu: File Save (hoc bm CTRL+S) chn th mc cn lu vo nhp hay
chn tn file Bai tap01-1[.DWG]
- Trong qu trnh v cp nht bn v hin hnh chn: Menu: File Save (hoc bm
CTRL+S)

Trang 1
 Hng dan thc hanh cac bai ve bang AutoCAD
Lu : Trong qu trnh thao tc
trn ACAD trnh trng hp b
thot ACAD bt ng do mt in,
cc bn nn Save bn v thng xuyn
theo cch trn. Hoc c th nh dng
trong ACAD t ng Save bn v
sau nhng khong thi gian nht nh.
- Menu: Tools Options
xut hin hp thoi Options
- Click vo mc Open And Save
Click chn Automatic save v chn
thi gian ph hp theo click Apply
sau click OK
3. Lnh Zoom (xem ton b
vng v)
- Command: ZOOM (Z) nhp a

4. Bt GRID on
- Click chut vo nt Grid

Sau cc thao tc trn, cc bn s c mn hnh ACAD tng t nh hnh di y:

Cc bn sn sng tin hnh thc hin cc hnh v theo bi yu cu:

Trang 2
 Hng dan thc hanh cac bai ve bang AutoCAD
5. Hnh 1 S dng ta
-cc
- Command: LINE (L) click
(1) xc nh (2) nhp: @50,20 xc
nh (3) nhp: @-10,30 nhp c (Close)
ng a gic v kt thc lnh LINE
6. Hnh 2 S dng ta
cc
- Command: LINE click (1)
xc nh (2): @7.5<0 xc nh (3):
@30<60 xc nh (4): @30<120 . . .
7. Hnh 3 Bt im c bit trn cc i tng:
- t truy bt t ng c
ENDpoint (im u ca mt ng),
MIDpoint (im gia ca mt ng),
INTersection (giao im hai ng)
- ci truy bt t ng
(autosnap): click phi nt OSNAP trn
thanh trng thi chn Setting nh
du cc phng thc bt im trong hp
thoi.
- bt/tt ch truy bt im t
ng: click nt OSNAP trn thanh trng
thi hoc bm F3 (Nt chm xung l
ang chn, nt li ln l khng c chn)

- V hnh vung cnh 80

Command: RECTANG (REC) click (1) xc
nh (2): @80,80
- V cc ng L1 dng phng thc truy bt END
v MID
- V cc ng L2 dng phng thc truy bt INT
8. Hnh 4 Bt im c bit trn cc i
tng:
- S dng thm cc truy bt : PERpendicular
(vung gc), EXTension (bt im nm trn phng ko
di ca mt ng thng hay ng cong).
- PER thc hin tng t nh END, MID, INT.
- s dng EXT, a con tr gn u ca ng
cn bt dc theo cho n khi xut hin ch thp nh trn
u ri di chuyn con tr nh nhng dc theo ng
hin th ng ch phng (ng chm chm) ri click
hoc nhp khong cch tnh t du ch thp.

Trang 3
 Hng dan thc hanh cac bai ve bang AutoCAD
9. Hnh 5 Bt im v s dng tracking (b r im):
- S dng thm bt im PARallel (song song)
- S dng thm tracking: lm xut hin
ng ch phng thng ng, nm ngang
hoc phng xc nh bi POLAR
- Nu mun v hnh 5 c cnh nm
ngang cng trn 1 ng thng vi hnh 4
th c th s dng Tracking
- bt/tt ch Tracking: click nt
OTRACK trn thanh trng thi. Ch rng
tracking ch hot ng khi OSNAP c bt

- Command: REC xc nh im (1) ca hnh 5: r chut n im (1) ca hnh 4

cho n khi xut hin mt ch thp nh trn u ri di chuyn con tr nh nhng dc theo
ng hin th ng ch phng (ng chm chm) ri click hoc nhp khong cch
tnh t du ch thp xc nh im (2): @80,80
- v ng song song vi ng (1)(3) v i qua im (4): dng bt im EXT t
im (1) dc theo ng thng thng ng xc nh im (4); dng bt im PAR, con
tr gn ng (1)(3) cho n khi xut hin du // ri di chuyn con tr li gn im (5) cho n
khi xut hin ng ch phng, nhp khong cch 60
- xc nh im (6), c th dng MID, hoc dng tracking thng ng qua im c
bit (4)
10. Hnh 6 Bt im, s dng lnh CIRCLE (v vng trn) v ARC (cung
trn):
- V hnh vung cnh 80
- S dng thm truy bt CENter (bt tm ca
vng trn)
- V vng trn C1 qua 3 im (4), (5), (6):
Command: CIRCLE (C) 3p (3Point) ln
lt xc nh cc im (4), (5), (6)
- V cung trn A1 qua cc im (4), (3), (5):
Command: ARC (A) ln lt xc nh cc
im (4), (3), (5)
- V vng trn C2 tip xc vi 3 ng:
Menu: DrawCircleTan,tan,tan ln lt
click 3 ng tip xc

Trang 4
 Hng dan thc hanh cac bai ve bang AutoCAD
11. Hnh 7 Bt im, tracking qua 2 im, s dng lnh CIRCLE:
- S dng thm truy bt TANgent (v tip xc) v QUAdrant (im thuc vng trn ti
cc v tr 0, 90, 180 v 270)
- V hnh vung cnh 80
- V vng trn C1
Command: CIRCLE (C) xc nh tm (3): dng
tracking bt giao im ca ng r nm ngang qua (4)
v ng r thng ng qua (5): r chut n gn (4) cho
n khi xut hin mt ch thp nh im ri di
chuyn con tr nh nhng theo phng ngang s thy
hin th ng ch phng (ng chm chm) ri li r
chut n gn (5) cho n khi xut hin 1 ch thp nh
im ri r chut xung theo phng ng cho n
khi xut hin 2 ng ch phng giao nhau th click
chut nhp gi tr ca bn knh (R=15)
- V cc vng trn C2- vng trn xc nh bng
hai u mt ng knh:
Command: C 2p (2Point) ln lt xc nh cc im (4), (6)
- V cc ng L1- ng thng tip xc hai ng cong
Command: L chn bt im TAN ri click ng cong tip xc th nht chn bt
im TAN ri click ng cong tip xc th hai
- V vng trn C3 vng trn tip xc vi hai ng khc v c bn knh xc nh
Command: C t (Ttr) ln lt click hai ng thng tip xc nhp bn knh 10
Bn hon tt bi tp 01-1. Hy save bn v (CTRL+S) ri thc hin tip:

12. M bn v mi:
- M bn v mi Bai tap01-2 v thc hin tip cc ni dung sau
13. Hnh 8 S dng SNAP:
- V hnh vung cnh 80: bt SNAP
ON, ko r chut s thy con tr di chuyn
khng trn m lun bt vo cc chm trn mn hnh.
Click chut chn im di bn tay tri ca hnh
vung (im (1)) ng ngay 1 im chm tu . Nhp
to (@80,80) cho im trn bn tay phi.
- V ng thng L1
Command: LINE xc nh im (2): do cc chm
trn mn hnh cch nhau 10 n v nn xc nh im
(2) bng cch click vo chm trn mn hnh cch im
(1) theo phng ngang qua phi l 2 , phng ng ln
trn l 1 di chuyn con tr xc nh hng v
ngang qua phi ri nhp khong cch nh hng l 40.

Trang 5
 Hng dan thc hanh cac bai ve bang AutoCAD
14. Hnh 9 s dng v ci t POLAR:
- ci t POLAR: click phi nt POLAR trn
thanh trng thi chn Setting chn hay nhp s gia
gc (Increment angle) thch hp
- t s gia gc cho POLAR l 15 v bt ch
POLAR v cc ng c phng nghing mt gc l
bi s ca 15 so vi phng chun (phng ngang)
- s dng
POLAR, di chuyn
con tr dn khi xut
hin ng ch
phng thch hp ri
click hoc nhp
khong cch nh
hng
- bt / tt
POLAR: click nt POLAR trn thanh trng thi hay bm
F10. mt thi im ch c th chn hoc POLAR hoc
ORTHO

15. Hnh 10 s dng ORTHO, lnh OFFSET, TRIM

- Ch ORTHO xc nh phng ng hoc ngang cho im k tip trong chui lnh
- bt / tt ORTHO: click nt
ORTHO (bn tri nt POLAR) trn thanh
trng thi hay bm F8
- Dng h tr ORTHO v L1 v L2
- Dng lnh OFFSET v cc ng
L3 song song vi L2
Command: OFFSET (O) nhp khong
cch 20 chn ng L2 (ng cn v song song vi) click xc nh bn t ng
song song
- Dng lnh TRIM ta cc on tha trn L3
Command: TRIM (TR) Chn cc ng gii hn L4 (Enter khi kt thc chn) click
cc an tha trn L3 ct bt.

16. Hnh 11 s dng lnh SOLID

t c t gic hay tam gic
- Command: SOLID (SO) ln lt xc
nh 4 im t t gic hay 3 im v Enter t
tam gic (cn ch th t nhp im).

17. Hnh 12 s dng lnh DONUT v

cc vng trn hay vnh khn c t c
- Command: DONUT (DO) xc nh ng knh
trong l 0 xc nh ng knh ngoi l 20 xc nh tm
ca vng.

Trang 6
 Hng dan thc hanh cac bai ve bang AutoCAD
18. Hnh 13 V cc ng cong ni tip
- V 2 vng trn C1 v C2
- V cung trn tip xc ngoi R20: dng lnh
FILLET (F) t bn knh 20 ri click hai ng C1 v C2
v cung trn ni tip R20
- V cung trn tip xc trong R60: dng lnh
CIRCLE (chn cch v: TanTanRadius) v ng trn
ni tip vi 2 vng trn C1 v C2 ri dng lnh TRIM
ta phn cung tha
19. Hnh 14
- V hnh ch nht 70x20 c cc gc c bo trn
vi bn knh R10:
Command: REC f (chn chc nng Fillet)
10 (gi tr bn knh) click nhp im gc di bn
tri @70,20 nhp im gc trn bn phi.
- V vng trn
7 ng tm vi cc
cung trn R10
- Dng lnh
POLYGON (POL) v cc lc gic u
Command: POL 6 (chn s cnh)click vo tm ca cung trn R10 chn tm
ca polygon (chn chc nng <I>, tc l kiu v polygon ni tip trong 1 vng trn)
13/2 (hoc 6.5) nhp bn knh ca vng trn ngoi tip polygon.

- Dng lnh COPY (CP) sao chp hoc MIRROR (MI) v i xng sao chp cc
b phn ging nhau
Command: CP click vo polygon v vng trn 7 select object (xc nhn
chn i tng xong) click vo tm ca vng trn 7 chn im c s click vo tm
ca cung R10 pha bn kia xc nh im sao chp hnh.
Hoc
Command: MI click vo polygon v vng trn 7 select object (xc nhn
chn i tng xong) click vo im gia ca on nm ngang pha trn chn im th
nht ca trc i xng click vo im gia ca on nm ngang pha di chn im th
hai ca trc i xng ( xc nhn khng xa i tng gc). Nu c xa i tng gc
th nhp: Y (Yes)

20. Hnh 15
- Dng lnh SPLINE (SPL) v cc ng ln sng
Command: SPL click im (1) click im (2)
click im (3) click im (4)

- Dng lnh COPY v ng ln sng th 2

- Dng lnh TRim ta on tha gia 2 ng ln sng.

Trang 7
 Hng dan thc hanh cac bai ve bang AutoCAD
21. V khung tn v khung bn v:
- V ng gii hn kh giy A3
Command: REC xc nh nh th nht 0,0
xc nh nh th hai 420,297
- Dng lnh OFFSET v khung bn v
song song vi ng gii hn kh giy (khong cch
10)
- Chnh cho l tri cch ng gii hn kh
giy l 20:
Click chut vo rectang ca khung bn v s thy xut hin cc GRIP (cc vung mu
xanh 4 nh ca rectang) gi nt SHIRT, ng thi click chut vo 2 GRIP trn cnh bn
tri s thy 2 GRIP ny i sang mu bung nt SHIRT raclick chut vo 1 trong 2 nt
GRIP mu , ri r chut theo phng ngang sang phi xut hin ng ch phng nm
ngang nhp 10
- Dng cc lnh LINE, OFFSET, TRIM v khung tn theo kch thc cho.
22. Vit ch trong khung tn:
- Trc tin cn kim tra: my tnh bt UNIKEY hoc VIETKEY hay cha?
- Nu bt UNIKEY hoc VIETKEY, cn kim tra kiu g c ph hp cha (VNI hay
TELEX) v bng m phi l UNICODE. Nu s dng font VNI-Helve Condense th chn bng
m VNI Windows.
- t kiu ch
Menu: Format Text Style bm nt New
ri nhp tn kiu ch mi (Style Name)
V d: Tn kiu ch VN chn Font Name
thch hp (VNI-Helve-Condense) nh bm nt
Apply bm nt Close ng hp thoi

- Vit ch trong cc ca khung tn

Command: MTEXT (MT hay T) ln lt
click hai nh i din ca mt khung tn
xc nh vng t vn bn nhp ch
trong vng son tho ca hp thoi.

- canh ch gia cc : Trong

bng Text Formatting, click vo biu tng
Center v Middle.
- C th dng lnh COPY sao
chp ch sang mt khc ri hiu chnh ni
dung vn bn
- hiu chnh ni dung mt vn
bn v, s dng lnh DDEDIT (ED)
Command: ED click vo dng vn
bn cn hiu chnh nhp ni dung mi
bm nt <OK>

Trang 8
 Hng dan thc hanh cac bai ve bang AutoCAD
23. V li ta , du nh tm:
- Dng lnh OFFSET v li ta
song song vi khung bn v (khong cch 5) v
pha bn ngoi vng v.
- Dng lnh LINE, ARRAY hay
OFFSET v cc min ca li ta :
Dng lnh LINE v on thng di 5mm bng
nt 0.35 t khung li ta n khung bn v,
on thng ny phi nm trn trc i xng ca t
giy.
Sau COPY hoc ARRAY v hai pha:
Command: ARRAY (AR) xut hin hp thoi
ARRAY
Click nt Select object chn
i tng chn on thng 5mm
va v nhp cc thng s Rows,
Columns, Column offset (tr s
Column offset nhp dng l array
ti v ngc li) click OK (xem
trc c ng cha click vo nt
Preview ng ri th click Accept,
cha ng th click Modify)
Tng t cho cc cnh khc.
- Ghi ch, ch s trong cc
min tng t nh ghi ch trong
khung tn, lm mu mt min ri
COPY qua cc min khc, sau
dng ED hiu chnh.
V du nh tm :
- Cch 1: Hiu chnh on thng thuc trc i xng t giy thnh du nh tm: Nt
0.7, di 10mm t khung li ta vo bn trong vng v.
- Cch 2: Dng lnh LINE v du nh tm bng nt 0.7 vi di 10mm t khung
li ta vo bn trong vng v, on thng ny phi nm trn trc i xng ca t giy.

Trang 9