21

(.)
2555


1. 1
-
-
-
2. 2
-
-
-
-
3. 3
-
-

4. 4
-
-
-

2 (2/4)

1.
2.
3.
4.

1.
2.

3.
4.

1.
2.
3.
4.

1.

1.

X Y
4

8
XY, XZ YZ
3 8
3 3
XY Z XZ
YZ Y X

XY, XZ YZ

X, Y Z

XY X, Y Z
XZ
YZ X, Y Z

2.

2.

2
2
i , j
k X, Y Z
u v
u a i b j ck v d i ej fk a, b, c, d, e f

u v a d , b e c f

X Y

Y
u a i b j a b
u |a i | | a | |b j | | b |
bj

| u | a 2 b2
ai
X

10


(a, b, c)
u
O Y
ai ck

bj A

u a i b j ck a, b c
OA a i b j u OA ck
| OA | a 2 b 2 | u | | OA ck | ( a 2 b 2 ) 2 c 2 a 2 b 2 c 2

11


u
u u u
u

2
2

12


1. 3 3

1.1 (1, 0,3) 1.2 (2,3,1)
1.3 (3, 1, 2) 1.4 (4, 2, 1)

2. XY, XZ YZ
2.1 (3, 2, 2) 2.2 (1, 3, 1)
2.3 (2,3,1)

3. AB i , j k A B
3.1 A(3,1, 2), B(2, 0,3)
3.2 A(1, 0, 1), B(5,3, 2)

4.
4.1 3i 2 j k
4.2 (0,1, 2) (3, 1, 3)
4.3 (3, 5, 2) (0, 7,1)
4.4 (1, 4,3) (4, 2, 2)

5. A (3, 0, 1) B (1, 3, x) x | AB | 7

13


3.

14


3.

15


16


u 3x i 2yj v (3y 2) i (x 1) j x y u v
x y u v x y

3x i 2yj (3y 2) i (x 1) j

3x 3y 2 . (1)
2y x 1 . (2)
3 (2) (1) 6y 3x 3x 3 3y 2
3y 1
1
y
3
1 1
y (1) x
3 3
1 1
x y u v
3 3

u 3i 2 j k v i 2 j k w 3w 2u v
4u v 2w w
w
3w 2u v . (1)
4u v 2w ... (2)
(1) (2) 3w 2u 2v 2w
w 2v 2u

17


w 2( i 2 j k) 2(3i 2 j k) 4 i 8 j 4k

18


1. u i 2 j k v 2 i 3 j 4k
1.1 u 2v
1.2 3v 2u
4.5 3 2u 3v

2. u 3x i 5 j v 6 i 2yj x y
2.1 u 2v
2.2 3u 2v 5v 3u

3.

3
3.1 u 5
2
1
3.2 v 3
0

4. u i 2 j 2k v 3i 5 j 4k
4.1 v u
4.2 u v
4.3 6 u

19


4.

20


4.

X
1. u i 3 j
2. v 5 i 5 3 j
1. u i 3 j
Y 1 u X
3
tan 1 3
1
1 i 1 360 60 300
X
60

3j
u

21


2. v 5i 5 3 j
Y

2 u X
v
5 3
5 3j
tan 2 3
5
60 2 2 180 60 120
X
5 i

tan 1 tan 2 u v u v

1. tan 1 tan 2 u v
2. tan 1 tan 2 u v

22


X, Y Z

23


u 3 i 3 2 j 3k X, Y Z

Z , u X, Y
Z
| u | 32 (3 2)2 (3)2 6
3 3 1
cos
|u| 6 2

Y cos
3 3 2

2
3i |u| 6 2
3 3 1
cos
u |u| 6 2
X 3k
60 , 45
3 2j (3,3 2, 3)
1800 600 120

24


25


1. X
1.1 3i 3 j
1 3
1.2 i j
2 2
1.3 4 j

2.
2.1 3i 5 j 2k
2.2 (1, 2, 3)
2.3 (3, 5, 1) (1,3, 2)

3.
1
3.1 u 3
5

3.2 v 1 i 5
j k
3 3
3.3 w 3i j 5k
3.4 a (2, 7, 3) (4,1, 7)

26


27


28


29


1
/

30


1. (3, 1, 2) XY, XZ YZ
1. (0,0,2) , (0, 1,0) (3,0,0)
2. (3, 1,0) , (3,0, 2) (0, 1, 2)
3. (3, 0, 2) , (3, 1,0) (3, 1,0)
4. (0, 1, 2) , (3, 1,0) (3, 0, 2)

2. u = i + 2 j 3k , v = 3 i + 6 j +9k w = 1 i + 2 j k
3 3
1. u w 2. u v
3. v w 4. u v

3. u = i +2j k , v = 3 i + k w = 2 i 3 j 2k
1. 2u v = i + 4 j +3k 2. u + w =3i + j k
3. 3v 2w = 5 i 6 j k 4. 2v + u = 7 i + 2 j k

4. u = (x + y + 2) i + (5x + y) j +3k v = (2x + y 1) i + (x 3y 1) j + 2k

2u = 3v 2x + 3y
1. 1 2. 2
3. 3 4. 4

5. u = 3 i + 2 j + 2k A B (1, 0, 2) (a, b, 3)
a b u AB 2a b
1. 1 2. 3
3. 6 4. 11

6. ABCD AB 3 i + j + k , BC 2 i + 3 j + k CD i 2 j + 2k
DA
1. 2 j + 4k 2. 2 i 4k
3. 6 i 4 j 4k 4. 6 i + 4 j + 4k

31


7. A (3, 1, 2) B (5,1,1) C D CD
AB 6
1. C = (1,0,2) D (5, 4, 0)
2. C = (3, 1,1) D (7,3, 1)
3. C = (5,4,2) D (1, 2, 4)
4. C = (1,3,2) D (5, 1, 4)

8. u = 2 i j 2k v w u + 3w = 2w + v 2v + w = u 2w

1. | v w | 2 2. | 2v 3w | 5
2
3. |2w + 3v| 6 4. | w |
5

9. u = 3 i 3 j v = 3i j u v X

1. 30 2. 60
3. 90 4. 120

10. 45 60 120 X Y Z

1. i j 2k 2. 2 i j k
3. i 2 j k 4. i + 2 j k

32


33


1. 1.1
Z

(1,0,3)

1.2
Z

Y
(2,3,1)

34


1.3
Z

(3, 1,2)
Y

1.4
Z

X (4,2, 1)

35


2. 2.1 (3, 2, 2) XY, XZ YZ (3, 2, 0), (3, 0, 2)

(0, 2, 2)
2.2 (1, 3, 1) XY, XZ YZ (1, 3, 0), (1, 0, 1)
(0, 3, 1)
2.3 (2,3,1) XY, XZ YZ (2,3, 0), (2, 0,1)
(0,3,1)

3. 3.1 AB 5 i j + k 3.2 AB 4 i 3 j k

4. u 3i 2 j k
v (0,1, 2) (3, 1, 3)
w (3, 5, 2) (0, 7,1)
s (1, 4,3) (4, 2, 2)
v 3i 2 j k
w 3i 2 j k
s 3i 2 j k
1. u v
2. u v w

5. x5 7

36


1. 1.) u 2v 3 i 8 j 9k
2.) 3v 2u 8 i 5 j 10k
3.) 3(2u 3v) 12 i 39 j 42k

5
2. 1.) x=4 y= 2. x =1 y = 5
4

u 1
3. 1.) u
(3 i + 5 j + 2k)
|u| 38
u u 1 (3 i + 5 j + 2k)
|u| 38
2.) v v 1 ( i + 3 j )
|v| 10
u v 1 ( i + 3 j )
|v| 10

4. 1.) v u 2 i +3 j + 6k |v u| 7
vu 1
vu (2 i + 3 j + 6k )
|v u| 7
2.) |u | 3 | v| 50
u v
(| u |)v 3
(3 i + 5 j + 4k )
| v| 50
3.) |u | 3
6u
6 u 2 i + 4 j 4k
| u|

37


1. 1. 315 2. 300 3. 270

2. u 3i 5 j 2k
v 1, 2, 3
w 3,5, 1 1,3, 2
v = i + 2 j 3k w = 2 i 2 j 3k
u, v w
cos cos cos
u 3 5 2
38 38 38
v 1 2 3
14 14 14
w 2 2 3
17 17 17

3. u i 3 j 5k
1 5
i j k
v 3 3 1 i 3 j 5 k
1 5 35 35 35
| i j k|
3 3
a 2 i 6 j 10k
w 3i j 5k

cos cos cos
u 1 3 5 1. u a
35 35 35

v 1 3 5
35 35 35 2. u a
w 3 1 5 v
35 35 35
a 1 3 5
35 35 35

38


1. 2 6. 1
2. 1 7. 2
3. 4 8. 3
4. 1 9. 1
5. 3 10. 2

39
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