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RTD and Thermocouple Assemblies Reference Manual
RTD and Thermocouple Assemblies Reference Manual
00809-0301-2654, Rev BA
September 2009
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Reference Manual
00809-0301-2654, Rev BA
September 2009 RTD and Thermocouple
Read this manual before working with the product. For personal and system safety, and for
optimum product performance, make sure you thoroughly understand the contents before
installing, using, or maintaining this product.
For further details please contact your local Rosemount representative.
The products described in this document are NOT designed for nuclear-qualified
applications. Using non-nuclear qualified products in applications that require
nuclear-qualified hardware or products may cause inaccurate readings.
For information on Rosemount nuclear-qualified products, contact your local Emerson
Process Management Sales Representative.
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Reference Manual
00809-0301-2654, Rev BA
September 2009 RTD and Thermocouple
Table of Contents
SECTION 1 How to Use this Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Introduction Safety Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
APPENDIX A
Limit Tolerances of the
Basic Values
APPENDIX B
Limit tolerances for
Thermocouples
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Reference Manual
00809-0301-2654, Rev BA
RTD and Thermocouple September 2009
TOC-2
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September 2009 RTD and Thermocouple
Section 1 Introduction
HOW TO USE This manual provides installation, configuration, troubleshooting, and other
THIS MANUAL procedures for the use of the Rosemount1075 Series. Specifications and
other important information are also included.
Section 2: Temperature Measurement with Resistance Thermometers
Contains information on description and measuring principle, structure,
methods of connection and areas of application.
Section 3: Temperature Measurement with Thermocouples
Contains information on description and measurement principle, installation of
protective tubes, leads and connections, and areas of application.
Section 4: Assembly of Housing
SAFETY MESSAGES Procedures and instructions in this manual may require special precautions to
ensure the safety of the personnel performing the operations. Refer to the
safety messages, listed at the beginning of each section, before performing
any operations.
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Reference Manual
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RTD and Thermocouple September 2009
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300
200
100
0
-200 0 200 400 600 800
t
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Reference Manual
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RTD and Thermocouple September 2009
Ceramic tube
Measuring coil
Aluminum oxide
powder
Glass sheath Glass
Connection wires
Strain relief
Measuring coil
Ceramic substrate
Measuring insert
Housing
2-2
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September 2009 RTD and Thermocouple
METHODS OF When using resistance thermometers for temperature measurement, the fact
CONNECTION that the measurement result is influenced by the resistance of the selected
lead wire must be taken into account.
Three circuit types are commonly used: 2-wire, 3-wire, and 4-wire circuits.
The most accurate measurements are obtained with the 4-wire circuit, as in
this case the measurement is not affected by lead wire resistance or
environment temperature of lead wires (see Figure 2-4).
The 3-wire circuit is normally used for eliminating the lead wire resistance
(Wheatstone bridge).
In the case of the 2-wire circuit, the lead wire resistance is fully measured by
the measuring bridge. By the use of modern control equipment the influence
of the lead wire resistance at 2-wire circuit can be compensated by a line
compensation resistor, which is independent of temperature.
To measuring unit
To measuring unit
To measuring unit
2-3
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RTD and Thermocouple September 2009
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Figure 3-1.
Reference junction
Extension/
compensating cable
Connection point
Measuring junction
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Reference Manual
00809-0301-2654, Rev BA
RTD and Thermocouple September 2009
Figure 3-2.
Copper wire
Reference junction
Extension/
compensating cable
Connection point
Measuring junction
3-2
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September 2009 RTD and Thermocouple
LEADS AND When laying and connecting extension resp. compensating cables, care must
CONNECTIONS be taken to connect the positive pole of the thermocouple to the positive
terminal of the indicating instrument. If extension cables or compensating
cables are used, care must be taken not to interchange positive and negative
conductors. To prevent errors, the positive and negative leads bear a
corresponding marking.
All connections must be absolutely clean and firmly tightened. The
corresponding positive and negative terminals should have the same
temperature potential.
The compensating cables between the thermocouple and the indicating
instrument should comply with the requirements for insulated leads in power
systems (VDE 0250). In exceptional cases, the regulations for insulated leads
in telecommunications systems (VDE 0810) may be applied.
AREAS OF In the negative temperature range, thermocouples can be used down to -200
APPLICATION C. For temperatures above 1000 C, thermocouples made of platinum and a
platinum/rhodium alloys are used.
Advantages of thermocouples are:
Very high temperature ranges
Fast response
Compact design
Extremely high resistance to vibration
Long term stability
Robust design
Thermocouples are used in the following, and other, industries:
Chemical industries
Pharmaceutical industries
Power generation
Mechanical engineering
Food & beverage
Mining
Iron and steel
Ceramics and glass
3-3
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September 2009 RTD and Thermocouple
RULES AND For housing assembly, please use the following instructions.
INSTRUCTIONS VDE/VDI 3511
Technical temperature measurement/instruction
VDE/VDI 3512
Set-up for temperature measurements
AD - instruction leaflets(1)
Working group pressure vessels
TRB - technical directions for tank construction(1)
Vd - TDV regulations(1)
Stress The stresses indicated in the drawing apply to the supplied housing. The load
data, included in the standards for every type, are valid for housing according
to DIN 43763 and DIN 43772.
(1) To be considered in case of weld-in type tubes. Material, weld and pressure test according
to operating conditions
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(2) Limit tolerances for thermocouples are indicated in degrees centigrade or as percentage of the measured temperature in degrees centigrade. Whichever
value is greater applies.
B-1
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Index
Numerics G R
2-wire circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 galvanometer . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 reference junction . . . . . . . . . .3-1
3-wire circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 glass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
4-wire circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4
resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
H
resistance temperature detector 2-1
A hermoelectric voltage . . ..... 3-2
Resistance thermometer modules 2-2
accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 higher resistance values .... 2-1
resistance thermometers . 2-1, 2-2
AD - instruction leaflets . . . . . . 4-1 horizontal installation . . ..... 3-3
response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
housing assembly . . . . ..... 4-1
B
S
basic values . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1 I
screw-in type threads . . . . . . .4-1
immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
independent of temperature . . 2-3
C semiconductors . . . . . . . . . . .2-1
installed vertically . . . . . . . . . 3-3
ceramic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 Specifications
ceramic substrate . . . . . . . . . 2-1 HART and Foundation Fieldbus
ceramic tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 L A-1
chemical attack . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 Limit tolerances . . . . . . . A-1, B-1 stability . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4, 3-3
color-coded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 load data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
compact dimensions . . . . . . . . 2-1 support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
compensating cable . . . . . . . . 3-1
M
Compensating cables . . . . . . . 3-2
Maximum temperature . . . . . . 3-2 T
compensating leads . . . . . . . . 3-2
measurement result . . . . . . . . 2-3 Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1
conductors . . . . . . . . . . 2-1, 3-1
measuring bridge . . . . . . . . . 2-3 temperature coefficient . . . . . .2-1
Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
measuring elements . . . . . . . 2-2 Temperature Measurement . . .3-1
Environmental . . . . . . . . . 2-4
measuring junction . . . . . . . . 3-1 Temperature measurement . . .2-1
contact-making temperature sensors
Measuring Principle . . . . . . . . 2-1 temperature potential . . . . . . .3-3
2-2
mechanical damage . . . . . . . 2-2 temperature range . . . . . . . . .2-4
coupling rings . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
mechanical forces . . . . . . . . . 3-2 thermocouple . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
metallic protective mounting . . 3-3 thermocouple, . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
D mV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 Thermocouples . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
design . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4, 3-3 TRB - technical directions for tank
DIN 43763 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
N
DIN 43772 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
negative conductor . . . . . . . . 3-3
DIN EN 60584 . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
negative lead . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 V
DIN IEC 584-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Vd - TDV regulations . . . . . . . .4-1
P VDE/VDI 3511 . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
E VDE/VDI 3512 . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
platinum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
electrical interference . . . . . . . 2-4 vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
platinum coil wound . . . . . . . . 2-1
electronic measuring unit . . . . 3-1 voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
platinum thermocouples . . . . . 3-3
Environmental Considerations . 2-4
platinum/rhodium alloys . . . . . 3-3
Extension cables . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 positive lead . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 W
positive pole . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 wire material . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
F positive terminal . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Fastening screws . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 Precious metal thermocouples 3-3
function of temperature . . . . . . 2-1 protective mounting . . . . . . . . 3-2
protective tubes . . . . . . . .2-2, 3-3
Pt 100 resistance thermometer 2-1
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Reference Manual
00809-0301-2654, Rev BA
September 2009 RTD and Thermocouple
Index-2
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September 2009