"4 Phase Fronts Figure 2.12 A mode can be described as having two plane waves at a slight angle to one another, forming an interference pattern. When the phase fronts cross, there is a maxima.Zz 7 ! y I Ne "4 ns 0 kg Ne Figure 2.4 This ray and wave picture shows the electromagnetic fields as a function of B. | kyns Kong > 8= ne Figure 2.7 In this ray depiction of the four allowed modes in the waveguide, each ray has the same magnitude of k vector. They are simply oriented slightly differently with respect to the ‘2 axis.