389

9
2-3 2554

Partial Discharge Detection of Power Transformer by Dissolved Gas Analysis
1* 2 3
1,2
. . 12110
3
-
10800
Jeerasak Boonchot * Chatchai Suppitaksakul2 Thanapong Suwanasri3
1
1,2
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi,
Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12110
3
The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering, King Mongkuts Institute of Technology North
Bangkok, Bangsue, Bangkok 10800
E-mail: jeerasak@yahoo.com*, chatchai.s@en.rmutt.ac.th

transformer has been severely affected. Approach to

maintenance and damage prevention is timely. This study
focuses on partial discharge monitoring because some
damage to the majority of the insulation within the
transformer due to voltage durability. As the results, it is
shown that the hydrogen (H2) and methane (CH4) tend to be
increased severity during the partial discharge occurred.
Keywords: Partial Discharge, Dissolved Gas Analysis, DGA

1.


(H2)
(CH4)

, , (Dissolved Gas Analysis, DGA) [1]

Abstract
Recently, Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) technique is a
method for detecting Partial Discharge (PD) in power
transformers. As the transformer oil under thermal stress
according to types of the disorder, the Hydrocarbon chain will
liberate gases which relates to level of heat in the transformer
oil. The analysis of this relationship can be used to assess
severity of abnormalities within the first transformer insulation
 390

2.
2)

30 [2] ,
,



3)




(Abnormal Condition)
2
2.1 1) (H2) (CH4)
3 [1] (CO) (C2H6) (C2H4)
1) Total combustible gas (TCG) (C2H2)
, , , 2) (O2) (N2)
, (CO2)
gas blanket 2.3
conservator
gas blanket Gas Chromatography
(GC) part per million (ppm)

, ,
1) Drnenberg ratio [1]
CH4 /H2 ,
C2H2/C2H4, C2H2/CH4, C2H6/C2H2 3 4
1
2) Head space
1 Drnenberg Ratio [1]
CH4/ C2H2/ C2H2/ C2H6/ Abnormal
H2 C2H4 CH4 C2H2 Condition
gas blanket Thermal
>1.0 <0.75 <0.3 >0.4
3) Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) Decomposition
Not
Corona
<0.1 Signifi- <0.3 >0.4
(Low Intensity PD)
cant
2.2 >0.1 - Arcing
>0.75 >0.3 <0.4
(Abnormal Condition) 3 <1.0 (High Intensity PD)
[1]
1) Corona Partial discharge 2) R.R. Rogers (CEGB Fault Gas Ratios) [1]
CH4/H2, C2H6/CH4, C2H4/C2H6
C2H2/C2H4, CO2/CO

 391

Code 0, 1, 2, 5 2 Code 4 California State University-Sacramento Guidelines

3 Code [1]
Gas Limits and warning level [1]

(<) (>)

Hydrogen 150 ppm 1000 ppm ,

2 CEGB Fault Gas Ratios [1] Methane 25 80
RATIO RANGE CODE
<= 0.1 5 Ethane 10 35
> 0.1 < 1 0 Ethylene 20 150
CH4/H2
>= 1 < 3 1
>= 3 2 Acetylene 15 70
<1 0 Carbon
C2H6/CH4 500 1000
>= 1 1 monoxide
<1 0
C2H4/C2H6 >= 1 < 3 1 Carbon
10,000 15,000
>= 3 2 dioxide
< 0.5 0 Total
C2H2/C2H4 >= 0.5 < 3 1 0.03 % 0.5 % -
Combustibles
>= 3 2

3 CEGB Fault Gas Diagnostics [1] 4) Key Gas [1]

CODE DIAGNOSIS 4 4 C2H4,
CO, C2H2 H2
0 0 0 0
2.4
5 0 0 0 Partial discharge

1,2 0 0 0 < 150 C

1,2 1 0 0 150 200 C

0 1 0 0 200 300 C

0 0 1 0

1 0 1 0

,
1 0 2 0

0 0 0 1
0 0 1,2 1,2
0 0 2 2
Partial Discharge IEC
5 0 0 1,2
( CO) 60270 Third Edition, (2000) [3]
U, (Filter) Zf,
CO2 / CO > 11
(Test Object) Ca, (Coupling
Capacitor) Ck, (Coupling Device) CD,
3) California State University-Sacramento Guidelines (Connecting Cable) CC, MI
(Key Gases) [1] 2
4 3
CEGB Fault Gas Ratios Gas Limits
and warning level
 392

(50 400 )

3
(Amplifier)




2 [3] U
Zf
Ca Ca, Ck
Ca
ii Ca, Ck CD CD
MI Ca Ck
ii

3. PD


3 3.1
1) (Test Cell)


1) U IEC 156 Second Edition,
(1995-07) [4]
2) Zf 600 ml DGA
150 ml 4
2)
4
3)
Mineral Oil
14 ppm [5] ,
67 kV [4] 5
4)
IEC 60270 Third Edition, (2000) [1] 5
5) (Dissolved
3) Ck Gas Analysis, DGA)
Ca, Ck CD ASTM D-3612-02 [6] 6
(Stray
Inductance) 5 (ppm)
Blocking Capacitor H2 CH4 C2H6 C2H4 C2H2 CO CO2
4) CD MI 0 0 0 0 0 2 517
(Integrate)
ii
CC CD
MI
 393

3) U

6 15 ()
4)
DGA ASTM D-3612-02 [6]

4. DGA
200 pC

4 (Test Cell)
DGA

6 DGA
( ppm)
No. Description H2 CH4 C2H6 C2H4 C2H2 CO CO2
1 >200 pC in oil 55 4 0 0 0 2 529
2 >500 pC in oil 149 13 0 0 0 4 514
3 >1,000 pC in oil 287 22 0 0 0 2 532
4 >5,000 pC in oil 1106 98 3 1 0 2 537
5 >10,000 pC in oil 1913 185 7 1 0 3 552
6 >20,000 pC in oil 3589 253 13 2 0 4 548

6 DGA
- (Plane-to-Plane)
25.4
5
5 ( H2)
2.3
Drnenberg ratio [1]

CEGB Fault Gas Ratios [1] Code
{5 0 0 0}

California State University-Sacramento
Guidelines (Key Gases) [1]
1000
pC
6 Key Gas [1]

3.2
3

1) ( 20,000 pC
)
2) 5.
600 ml 5
(H2) (CH4)
 394

4000

3500

3000
H2
2500
DGA (ppm)

CH4
2000 C2H6
C2H4
1500
C2H2
1000

500

0
200 500 1000 5000 10000 20000
PD (pC)

(PD)
(DGA Analysis)

[1] IEEE Guide for the Interpretation of Gases Generated in

Oil-Immersed Transformers, IEEE Standard C57.104-
1991, 1992
[2] , . 2551.

.
31,, 29-31
2551: 153-156.
[3] High-voltage test techniques Partial discharge
measurements, IEC Standard 60270 Third edition 2000-
12, 2000
[4] Insulating liquids-Determination of the breakdown voltage
at power frequency-Test method, IEC Standard 156
Second edition 1995-07, 1995
[5] Standard Test Method for Water in Insulating Liquids by
Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration, ASTM Standard
D 1533-00, 2005
[6] Standard Test Method for Analysis of Gases Dissolved in
Electrical Insulating Oil by Gas Chromatography, ASTM
Standard D 3612 02, 2009