)integrated development environment( arduino IDE

.

.1 (
, ,
)
.2
.3 Wi-Fi

.1
.2
.3

hardware software .4

open source software

.

:
: arduino shields

:

 .
, .
:
: Arduino BT ( Bluetooth) .1

Bluetooth

): Arduino BT ( Bluetooth
 : Arduino Due .2

2 USB

Native port serial USB

Programming port serial

micro B USB cable

: Arduino Fio .3

ATMEGA 328 P
: Arduino Leonardo and micro .4


:Arduino esplora .5

a tiny computer input / output

joystick 4 buttons


: Lily pad arduino USB .6


: Lily pad arduino .7

 : Arduino mini .8

ATmega328

USB module Arduino mini

 : Arduino Nano .9

: Arduino pro .11

:Arduino pro mini .11
 : Arduino robot .12

: Arduino Yun .13
 : Arduino ISP .14

:



 : arduino Leonardo

:
 USB
7 12

:
1. Serial : 0 (RX) and 1 (TX) :

TTL serial data

transistor transistor logic 3.3 5

TTL Serial communication 1 bit

baud rate
 RS232 , TTL

RS232 -13
13 TTL 1 5

RS232 TTL Serial data MAX 232

 2. TWI : 2 (SDA) and 3 (SCL) :

two wire interface I2C

asynchronous

Asynchronous Transmission : Synchronous Transmission

: Asynchronous Transmission :

 : Synchronous Transmission :

serial data SDA

serial clock SCL

3. External interrupts :

3 (interrupt 0), 2 (interrupt 1), 0 (interrupt 2), 1 (interrupt 3) and 7
(interrupt 4)
 low

4. PWM: 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, and 13:

bit PWM output-8

5. SPI: on the ICSP header :

ICSP serial peripheral interface

SD CARD
full duplex

6. LED: 13 :

pin 13 pin 13
high low

7. Analog Inputs :

A0 A5 A6 A11 4 6 8 9 10 12

8. AREF :

analog input

9. Reset :

low .
( shield ) . reset

:

( over current 511 ) USB

 - arduino IDE :

Integrated development environment

USB

device manger ) port (com & LPT

arduino Leonardo COM3

IDE

Tools boardarduino Leonardo

 COM3

Tools serial port COM3

File examples basic blink
 L

- : IDE

Verify:

Upload:

compiles

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sketches

Open

Save

Serial monitor

 sketches text editor

:
File preferences

editor language
 sketches error message

: boot loader

.
. boot loader

- :
:
) ( Void setup

) ( Void loop

}

) ( Void setup

: pin -
libraries

reset

) ( void loop


LED 0.5 SEC PIN 13
 :
const int kPinLed = 13;

pin 13 integer

void setup()

pinMode(kPinLed, OUTPUT);

kPinLed

void loop()

digitalWrite(kPinLed, HIGH);

high kPinLed
 ;)delay(500

;)digitalWrite(kPinLed, LOW

kPinLed low

;)delay(500

//

" ; " semicolon

- : variable

:
X= 5

:
1. Void

function

2. Boolean

false true 8 bit

:
;Bool myvariable

;My variable=true

;Bool myothervariable

;Myothervariable = false

3. Char

a -127 to 127

0 to 255

8 bit
:
; Char mychar = u

;Char myotherchar = 85

85

;Unsigned char myxchar=128

char -128 to 127

4. Byte

8 bit 0 to 255

:
; Byte mybyte = B10111

;Byte myotherbyte= 23

5. Int

16 bit
 -32768 to 32768

0 to 65535

;Int ledpin=8

;Unsigned myunit=32768

6. Word

16 bit

-32768 to 32767

;Word myword=12345

7. Long

32 bit

-2147483648 to 2147483648

0 to 4294967295

;Long mylong=345

;Unsigned myulong = 2147483648

8. Float

bit 32

;Float myfloat=1.234567

9. Double

bit 32
 Float

;Double mydouble=1.234567

10. Array

;]Int myintable [5
5
;}Boolean myothertable [ ] ={false,true,true
Boolean
11. String

;]Char mystring [3

;Char mystring2*4+=,b,y,t,e-

;Char mystring3*4+=byte

byte

;Char mystring4* +=byte

my string3

;String mystring=hello my friends

;)String mystring=string(u
 - :constant

;Const int x=10

- :
==
!
<

>

= <

= >

- :
&& AND

|| OR

NOT !

:
)Not(A&&B)=(not A||not B

)Not(A||B)= (not A &&not B

 - :
1. If and else
2. Switch case

:
: if
:
) ( If

:
delay time
delay time=1000
 const int kPinLed = 13;

void setup()

pinMode(kPinLed, OUTPUT);

int delayTime = 1000;

void loop()

delayTime = delayTime - 100;

delay time 111

if(delayTime <= 0)

1111 delayTime delayTime

{

delayTime = 1000;

delay time

digitalWrite(kPinLed, HIGH);

delay(delayTime);
digitalWrite(kPinLed, LOW);

delay(delayTime);

: if else -
:
If ()

Else

if else

const int kPinLed = 13;

void setup()

pinMode(kPinLed, OUTPUT);

int delayTime = 1000;

void loop()

if(delayTime <= 100)

delayTime = 1000;

else{

delayTime = delayTime - 100;

digitalWrite(kPinLed, HIGH);

delay(delayTime);

digitalWrite(kPinLed, LOW);

delay(delayTime);

: If . Else -

:
If ( )

else if ()
{

Else

:
Int a;

Int b;

Int ledstate ;

If (a<b)

Ledstate=1;

Else if (b>0)

Ledstate = 0;

Else

{
Ledstate=1;

: while -

if
:
While ( )

while

const int kPinLed = 13;

void setup()
{
pinMode(kPinLed, OUTPUT);
}
int delayTime = 1000;
void loop()
{
while(delayTime > 0)
{
digitalWrite(kPinLed, HIGH);
delay(delayTime);
digitalWrite(kPinLed, LOW);
delay(delayTime);
delayTime = delayTime - 100;
}
while(delayTime < 1000)
{
delayTime = delayTime + 100;
digitalWrite(kPinLed, HIGH);
delay(delayTime);
digitalWrite(kPinLed, LOW);
delay(delayTime);
}
}
: switch case -
:
Switch (var)
{
Case label:

Break;
Case label:

Break;
Default:

}
switch case
const int kPinLed = 13;
void setup()
{
pinMode(kPinLed, OUTPUT);
}
int delayTime = 1000;
void loop()
{
switch (delayTime<= 100)
{
case 1:
delayTime = 1000;
break;
default:
delayTime = delayTime - 100;
digitalWrite(kPinLed, HIGH);
delay(delayTime);
digitalWrite(kPinLed, LOW);
delay(delayTime);
}
}
- :
plus +
minus -
* asterisk
slash /
%
=
: loops
: : For
:
) ; ; ( For
{

}
1 : 111
)For (int i=0;i<100;i++
{
;)Print in (i
}
 :
delay time = 500 ms LED
delay time = 1500 ms LED
const int kPinLed = 13;
void setup()
{
pinMode(kPinLed, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++){
digitalWrite(kPinLed, HIGH);
delay(500);
digitalWrite(kPinLed, LOW);
delay(500);
}
delay(1500); // 1 second
}
:
led led
const int kPinLed1 = 2;
const int kPinLed2 = 3;
const int kPinLed3 = 4;
const int kPinLed4 = 5;
void setup()
{
pinMode(kPinLed1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(kPinLed2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(kPinLed3, OUTPUT);
pinMode(kPinLed4, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
 // turn on each of the LEDs in order
digitalWrite(kPinLed1, HIGH);
delay(300);
digitalWrite(kPinLed2, HIGH);
delay(300);
digitalWrite(kPinLed3, HIGH);
delay(300);
digitalWrite(kPinLed4, HIGH);
delay(300);
// turn off each of the LEDs in order
digitalWrite(kPinLed1, LOW);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(kPinLed2, LOW);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(kPinLed3, LOW);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(kPinLed4, LOW);
}
:
array
: for

48ons tint k_numLEDs = 4;
48ons tint kPinLeds[k_numLEDs] = {2,3,4,5}; // LEDs connected to pins 2-5
void setup()
{
for(int I = 0; I < k_numLEDs; i++)
{
pinMode(kPinLeds[i], OUTPUT);
}
}
void loop()
{
for(int I = 0; I < k_numLEDs; i++)
{
digitalWrite(kPinLeds[i], HIGH);
delay(100);
}
for(int I = k_numLEDs 1; I >= 0; i--)
{
digitalWrite(kPinLeds[i], LOW);
delay(100);
}
}
: for -

For (int x=1;x<=10;x++)

For (int y=1;y<=10;y++)

Print in(x*y);

: while loop -
:
) ( While

:
;Int i=0

)While (i<100

;)Print in (i

;i++

- : do while loop

Do

) ( While

:
;Int i=0

Do
{

Print in (i);

I++;

While(i<100);

: inputs -

: pushbuttons :

2 pushbuttons
9 led

const int kPinButton1 = 2;

const int kPinLed = 9;
void setup()
{
pinMode(kPinButton1, INPUT);
digitalWrite(kPinButton1, HIGH); // turn on pull-up resistor
pinMode(kPinLed, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
if(digitalRead(kPinButton1) == LOW)
{
digitalWrite(kPinLed, HIGH);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(kPinLed, LOW);
}
}