wastonan —" COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING PUTRAJAYA CAMPUS FINAL EXAMINATION SEMESTER 2 2014 / 2015 PROGRAMME, : Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering (Honours) SUBJECT CODE, : MENB312 SUBJECT sPhermodynamies If DATE : February 2015 TIME £3 hours INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE: 1. This paper contains FIVE (5) questions in FIVE (5) pages, 2, Answer ALL questions, 3. Write ALL answers in the answer booklet provided, 4. Write answer to EACH question on a new page. 5. “Thermodynamics Property Table” is provided. THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 7 PRINTED PAGI THIS COVER PAGE. INCLUDING i Page | of 7MIpHB312, Semester 2 20102015 1(@) A frictionless piston cylinder device is filled with a mixture whose mass is $§ percent nitrogen and 45 percent carbon dioxide as shown in Figure Qla. Initially, this mixture is at 200 kPa and 45°C, The gas is heated under constant pressure until the volume has tripled. Determine: i) The mole fraction of each component of the gas mixture, [4 marks] fi) The molar mass and apparent ges constant of the gas mixture. [4 marks] {ii) The total work. [4 marks} iv) The amount of heat transferred, [4 marks] Figure Qla 1() Sketch and label the processes of a Stirling engine on a P-V diagram and a 7-S diagram. [4 marks] QUESTION 2. [20 marks} 2(a) What docs the dew-point temperature of the product gases represent? How is it determined? [4 marks) Page 2 of 7MENB312, Semester 2 2018/2015 2(b) A gas-turbine power plant operates on a modified Brayton cycle is as shown in Figure Q2b. Air enters the compressor at { bar and 300 K, The overall pressure ratio of the gas-turbine is 8 and the maximum temporature of the cycle is 1500 K, The compressor and the turbines are isentropic. ‘The high pressure turbine develops just enough power to drive the compressor. Utilizing the cold-air standard assumption, and taking constant properties of air at 300 K with C = 0.718 kJ/KB.K, Cy = 1.005 ki/kg.K, & = 0.287 Ki/kg.K, and k= 1.4, 1) Sketch the 7+s diagram for the eyelc. Label the data states, [3 marks] ii) Determine the temperature and pressure at state 4, the exit of the high pressure turbine, (4 marks} iii) Determine the temperature at state 5, the exit of the low pressure turbine, [3 marks} iv) Determine the net power output and evaluate the performance of this gas- turbine engine if the mass flow rate of the air into the compressor is 442 ke/s, [6 marks} Figure Q2b QUESTION 3 120 marks] 3(a) For the atmospheric air in a room during summer below, design an ait-conditioning process/processes to process the air in the room for human comfort. Pressure in the room is constant at 101.325 kPa, Page 3 of 7MENB312, Semester 2 20142015 % During the summer. the «ir in a room is ata aby bulb temperature (Ta) of 32°C, relative humidity (0), is 10 be conditioned to and maimained at 22.< Ty <27°C, and 40.< $< 60%, The heat transfer (o the air in the room fiom the outdoor is al a rate of St kbs, i) Sketch a schematic of equipment/s for process/processes of your design. {3 marks} ii) Analyze and determine the rate of water removal and/or added to the air for the process/processes you have designed, i {4 marks] iii) Analyze and determine the rate of heating and/or cooling ( the air for the process/processes you have designed. 16 marks} iv) Sketch the process path for the air conditioning process/processes you have designed on a Psychrometric chart provided in Page 7 of 7. Please detach the chart and submit it logether with the answer booklet. [4 marks} enthalpy of 3(b)_ How will the i) specific humidity, if) relative humidity, and atmospheric air contained in a well-scaled room change as it is heated? [3 marks} QUESTION 4 20 marks (a) An engine operating at steady state uses propane gas (CaHs) as fuel. The fuel enters the combustion chamber at 1 atm and 25°C and is burned with 100 percent excess air that enters the combustion chamber at the same state as shown in Figure Q4a, Determine; i) ‘The air-fuel ratio by mass for the combustion process in the engine, [S marks] ii) The Adiabatic Flame Temperature for the combustion in the combustion chamber. [8 marks} iii) State two pollution problems to the environment caused by the exhaust products of the combustion process in this engine? [4 marks] Page 4 of 7MELB312, Semester 2 2014/2018 La 3hg 25°C i Product: 200% excess air}, roducts 25°C Eigure O4a 4(b) List 3 possible causes of incomplete combustion. (3 marks} QUESTION § [20 m: 5(a) A passive solar house as shown in Figure QSa is losing heat to the outdoors at 2°C at an average rate of 40,000 KI/ hr, The solar house is maintained at 22 C? at all times during winter night for 8 hours, The house is to be heated by 60 glass containers each containing 20 L of water that heated to 85 C? during the day by absorbing solar energy. A thermostat-controlled 15 kW back-up electric resistance heater (um on whenever necessary to keep the house at 22 C°. Determine: i) For how iong the electric resistance heating is on that night. {4 marks) ii) Exergy destruction, {4 marks] ) Minimum work required for that night, ki. [4 marks} Page 5 of 7‘MEHB312, Semester 2 20142015 our door at 226 out = 42 000 0/5 50 units of 201 water glass contalner PAO igure QSa 5(b) The typical current for a reversible heat engine circuit is 15 Amperes. Is it efficient to add a reversible heat engine to the solar house in Q5(a)? Why? [8 marks] ND OF QUESTION PAPER - Page 6 of 7 |g 3 ‘se amatteg Rorwupaig- ay px Sean “Fupray fimos UE 24610 CA ASIC To Laney sone ‘dang 0H, NEY ox ump memmoaavansy 1 atm {otal pressure Poychrometric CI Page 7 of 7