We see the world is three-dimensional and colorful, it is because the light emitted by each of the objects

accepted by the human eye, light intensity, fired, and distance, the colors are different. From the wave

optics point of view, due to the different specific light wave emitted by the respective objects of the main

features of the light depends on the amplitude (intensity) of the light waves, the phase (with physiognomy

shape) and wavelength (color). If you can get the scene light waves completely characterized, will be able

to see realistic three-dimensional image of the scene, this is holography. Hologram was born until now

has made ??great progress in the past 60 years, has been widely used in modern scientific research and

industrial production.

The first hologram was made in 1947 by Dennis Gabor, a Hungarian-born scientist who was working at

the Imperial College of London. Gabor was attempting to refine the design of an electron microscope. He

devised a new technique, which he decided to test with a filtered light beam before trying it with an

electron beam. Gabor made a transmission hologram by carefully filtering his light source, but the process

did not become practical until technology provided a way to produce coherent light-light that consists of a

single frequency and a single wavelength. Hologram production took off with the invention of the laser in

1960, as a laser generates light that is of a single color (frequency) and produces waves that travel in

phase with one another. In 1962, using a laser to replicate Gabor's holography experiment, Emmett Leith

and Juris Upatnieks of the University of Michigan produced a transmission hologram of a toy train and a

bird. The image was clear and three-dimensional, but it could only be viewed by illuminating it with a

laser. That same year Uri N. Denisyuk of the Soviet Union produced a reflection hologram that could be

viewed with light from an ordinary bulb. A further advance came in 1968 when Stephen A. Benton

created the first transmission hologram that could be viewed in ordinary light. This led to the

development of embossed holograms, making it possible to mass produce holograms for common use.

Nearly a quarter century after he had made the first hologram, Gabor was awarded the Nobel Prize for
Physics for this achievement in 1971. The following year, Lloyd Cross made the first recording of a

moving hologram by imprinting sequential frames from ordinary moving picture film onto holographic

film.

The hologram is based upon Nobel Prize winner Dennis Gabor's theory concerning interference patterns.

Gabor theorized in 1947 that each crest of the wave pattern contains the whole information of its original

source, and that this information could be stored on film and reproduced. This is why it is called a

hologram.

Holography is the only visual recording and playback process that can record our three-dimensional world

on a two-dimensional recording medium and playback the original object or scene, to the unaided eyes, as

a three-dimensional image. The image demonstrates complete parallax and depth-of-field. The image

floats in space either behind, in front of, or straddling the recording medium.

http://www.hlhologram.com/History_of_hologram.html