Professional Documents
Culture Documents
N
Ngg P
Phhpp T
Tiinngg V
Viitt ccaa L 11665511
cc L
Tc gi: Nguyn Khc Xuyn
LI TA
Cun Ng php ting Vit u tin do c l cho in ti Rma nm
1651, cho ti nay, cha c ph bin. Ch mi c mt vi bi tham
kho s b v mt bn dch cng in vi T in nm 1991. Chng ti
chia bi tham lun ca chng ti lm ba phn. Trong phn th nht,
chng ti gii thiu cun sch. Chng ti ch xem tc gi son
cun sch th no, theo th ting, th cung ging no, khi ng
c hc hi v ghi nhn. Chng ti cng xem ng n nh vn
quc ng tin khi th no, s dng vn ting la tinh v nht l vn
dng n vo vn quc ng ca chng ta nh th no, nhng g ng
s dng, nhng g ng phi sng ch ra cho k hiu vit ting
Vit. l phn mt. Ti phn hai, chng ti son T in cun Ng
php. V Ng php l mt trong ba cun quc ng u tin, l hin
chng ch quc ng, cho nn nhng t ng ghi trong rt qu i
vi chng ta ngy nay v c mai sau, khi phi tm ti tn ngun ci
th ch ny. Nhng g ng vit trong Ng php, th ng em ra th
nghim, thc hnh ngay. Do , n gip chng ta hiu thm khi c
Php Ging hay T in Vit B La. Phn ba l nguyn vn dch t
ting La tinh cun Ng php. ng l ra, Chng ti c th ly bn dch
in trong T in ti bn nm 1991. Nhng chng ti dch li d
b cho ph bin v nht l thm i li ch thch. Trong nhng li
gii thch ny, chng ti s dng Nam Vit Dng hip t v , Taberd
(1838), Vit Nam T in, Khai Tr Tin c (1942) , Vit Nam T
in ca L Vn c (1970) v T in ting Vit (1988). Chng ti
cng cho in li bn chp nguyn vn bng ting la tinh ca cun Ng
php, chng ta nhn tn mt, s tn tay mt bn vn c c t gn
ba th k ri nay. Chng ta s thy ch quc ng vit th no,
hnh thi v cung ging ra sao. Nh vy chng ta s bit ch xc hn,
minh bch hn, trnh h , trnh tam sao tht bn.
Phn mt
- Con gnoo muon bau tlom laom Hoalaom chim (Con nh mun
vo trong lng Hoalang chng ?)
tng tn. Vic tm thi phn chia Nam Bc li cng lm cho giao lu
ting ni gp cn tr, ging ni ngy cng khc nhau. T nm 1615,
tp on gio s Dng Tn n Hi An, i Qui Nhin, ti Ph Yn l
ranh gii vi nc Chm, h hc ni ting Qung Bnh, Qung
Nam v Bnh nh. c l ti ng Trong nm 1624, ng hc vi
Pina, ngi tinh thng ting ng Trong, hc vi Raphael cu b
ngi ng Trong. Ci thu ban u lu luyn y l ng Trong.
Cho nn khi son ng php, mc du ng ni l ng php ting
Annam hay ting ng kinh (ng Ngoi), nhng iu ng hc hi
ng Trong v ting ng Trong vn ni hn ln v ni ln mt cch
r rt, khng kht. Ngoi nhng chi tit khc, chng ti ti ba
im ny.
- c hai a l a v ,
- c hai e l e v ,
- c hai o l o v .
ABCDEFGHIKLMNOPQRSTUXYZ
1 5 10 15 20 23
A, B, BV, C, D, , E, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, X,
Y.
1 5 10 15 20 24
-aeiou
Khng c - .
- Khi i ng u mt ch th th ny:
a) Nu ch ngay sau l mt ph m th vit i, nh im, in, t ...
b) Nu ch tip ngay sau l mt nguyn m th vit y, nh y,
yu,yu...
V sao ? Bi v nu vit i, iu, iu th ngi ta lm m c nh
th c ch j ph m thnh ja, jeu, ju... Qui tc ny ch c gi tr i
vi nhng ngi quen vi ting latinh c in, v khi vit i th c th
hiu hoc i hoc j, th d khi h vit iustitia,ieiunium th phi hiu l
justitia, jejunium. Cho nn ngy nay, chng ta khng b l thuc vo
n, th rt c th v rt nn vit tt c l i trong i, iu, iu cng nh
vit tt c l , , , . Mi k hiu cho mi m v mi m c v ch c
mt k hiu. Nhiu ngi thc mc hi: ti sao khng vit li, l, m, t...
m li vit ly, l, m, t... th thng chng ta ch p mt l vit vi
Y p hn, hai l v theo thng tc. Nhng thng tc cng c th ci
t c, cho hp l, hp l phi. Thi gi l vng ngc, khng nn
ph thi gi vo nhng chuyn khng u.Tm li, trong vn quc
ng ca chng ta khng c ch j, chnh v l do trn y trnh by:
vn latinh c mt k hiu i ch i nguyn m v j ph m.
1. Vn latinh :
AB C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T V X Y Z
2. 1651 c l :
AB BV C D E G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y
3. 1838 Taberd:
AB C D E G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y
1. Vn latinh A E I O U
2. 1651 c l A E I O U
3. 1838 Taberd A E I O U .
1, 8.- My ph m kp
Trong Ng php, thy vit kh, khc, kh, khoan; pha, phi,
ph, ph dung. V th th phong ph hn : tha, thng (thng), thay,
thy, thn, tht, th, th, tha, thng.
Ph m CH, NH B
Ph m "ngain" Do thi
Ph m "qu" latinh
Ph m ng cui" Php
4 du Hilp, 1 du Latinh
b, b, bv, ba, b, b.
Tn cc du trong vn quc ng
Mt k hiu B : du sng
1, 12.- V cc loi t
Phn I v t dng
1. Cc danh t:
2. Cc tnh t
Cch so snh
3. Cc i t:
Cc loi i t
4. Cc ng t
5. Cc ph t
6. Cc gii t
7. Cc lin t
8. Cc thn t
1. V danh t (chng 3)
S t, s nhiu
2. V tnh t (chng 3)
Cch so snh
3. V cc i t (chng 4)
Cc i t khc (chng 5)
4. V cc ng t (chng 6)
Gii t
Ph t
Lin t
Thn t.
Phn II
Ai : quis, th d v ch i t sau mt t, 5 .
y : en, ph t ch nh,
-B-
Ban ngy, interdiu; ban m, noctu; ban mai, man ; ban hm,
vespere, ph t ch thi gian, 27c.
Bao, bao mln, quantum magnum; bao cao, quantum altus; bao
su, quam profundum; bao di, quam longus; bao gi, qua hora, 22c.
Bay : vos, ch ngi th hai s nhiu, cng ni: m bay, chng bay
, 12;18.
- BV -
-C-
C : ch th 3 trong t mu , 3.
C : piscis, th d v ph m C t u mt ch, 3.
Cha chng ti tln bli : Pater noster qui est in caelis, ly Cha
chng ti tln bli, Pater noster qui es in caelis, 21g. - Ch : trong
La ng cu trn vo ngi th ba, cu di vo ngi th hai : est v
es.
Cho : remus dt, remigo dt, thuin ny c hai cho (dt), cymba
haec habet duos remos, ti cho thuin ny (t), ego remigo cymbam
hanc,11.
Ch : Soror natu maior, cch ngi hn tui hay ngi trn xng
vi ngi di,17.
Chc, gic, phi chc : ita est omnino, cch ni khoa trng,
cng iu vi tiu t chc, gic, 26.
C : habere, th d v nguyn m o, 6.
Con : dng ngi th nht khi c Gisu tha vi m mnh, " con
ni cng m", hiu nh: ti l con ti tha vi Ngi l M, ego filius
alloquor te Mater .- Tc gi nhn mnh ti li xng h theo tn ti
trong gia nh, ngoi x hi, ly danh t lm ngi th nht, 16c, 17.
-D-
D : umbrella, ci d, ci , th d v nguyn m U, 7.
--
u ht : primum, ph t v th t, 27c.
ng : ph t ch cm on, 27g.
-E
-G
G, ch th 7 trong t mu, 4.
G : gallina, th d v G, 4.
-H
Ha, v : et, lin t ni, 28.- Trong cc sch kinh bn, ngi ta
vn dng c v, do c ha : Hai tnh trn c ha hai, Kiu.
Hm : arca, th d v ch o, 10 .
-I
Io (Yo, yu) : amare, chia theo ting latinh: ti io, ego amo,
my io, tu amas, n io, ille amat, chng ti io, nos amamus, chng
bay io, vos amatis, chng n io, illi amant, 23g.- trang 31, trong
bn nh chnh, tc gi xin cha io thnh yo.
-K-
K, ch th 10 trong t mu, 5.
K : numerare, m, th d v ch k, 5.
-L-
L : folium, th d v ch L, 5g.
-M-
Mli (li, nhi) : verbum, mli Cha tht, verbum Dei est verax,
li ca Cha th tht, 30.
Ma : pluvia, th d v ch , 7g.
-N-
-O-
O, ch th 14 trong t mu, 6.
: esse, ng t, th d v nguyn m , 6.
ni : pens, gii t.
-P-
-Q-
-R-
R, ch th 17 trong t mu, 6.
Ra : ingredi, th d v ph m R, 6.
-S-
Sa : cadere, th d v ch S, 6c.
Sao : i t nghi vn: sao, c sao, nhin sao, v sao, sao, 23.
Sau ht : ph t, 27c.
-T-
Tao : ego, ting ngi trn ni vi ngi di: tao khin my,
ego praecipio tibi,14c.
N.Thng ny, puer iste; Nhng thng ny, omnes pueri isti.
G. Cha thng ny, pater pueri huiu, Cha hai thng ny, pater
duorum puerorum.
-U
U, ch th 20 trong t mu, 7.
-V-
-X
Xa : distans, th d v ch x, 7g.
Xe : currus, th d v ch x, 7g.
Phn III
Brevis Declaratio
Chng mt
V ch v vn trong ting ny
y khng phi l ch ngi ng Ngoi hay ngi Annam dng
ghi chp (7), nhng ch ny rt kh v gn nh v k, nht l
nhng ch dng vit sch v, ging nh Hoa ng, m ngi ta ni
(condire, gia v), Tle (canna Indica, tre); nhng nhiu ngi c
ch T trong nhiu t nh vy, iu m khi s dng s bit (20).
.- Gn nh O v E, gn nh t hp bi hai nguyn m v rt
thng dng, hoc mt mnh nh (esse, l, ), hoc vi ht cc ph
m nh Bv (uxor, v), Cm (oriza cocta, go nu chn) v.v...Nhng
thng t lin ngay sau l ch gn nh U, nhng khp hn, v khi
c th khp hng rng li v bi choi mi ra, nh Nc (aqua,
nc) Chc (industria, mu chc), c (putare, on, tng) v
nhng ch tng t thng gp y.
Chng hai
V thanh v du trong cc nguyn m
Chng ti ni rng thanh l nh hn cc ting trong ngn ng
ny v do phi tn lc chuyn cn hc hi. Vy chng ti dng ba
thanh ca Hi ng l sc (acutus), trm (gravis) v un (circumflexus)
(29). Thc ra nu k ht cc thanh ca ngn ng ny th c su. Tht
vy ht cc ting ca ngn ng u qui v mt trong su hng hay
thanh, khng tr mt ting no c.
Chng ba
V danh t
Mc du trong ngn ng ny c nhiu ting lun lun l danh t,
lun lun c ngha ca danh t v khng bao gi bin sang ngha
khc, nhng ch l danh t m thi, nh bli (caelum, tri), t
(terra), ngi (homo) v nhng ch tng t, th nhng c nhng t
khc lng chng, hoc c th l danh t, hoc c th l ng t, ch
theo vn mch m nh ot, nh cho (remus vel remigo, ci cho
hay cho), nu ti ni thuin ny c hai cho (cymba haec habet duos
remos) th l danh t, nhng nu ti ni ti cho thuin ny (ego
S t
S nhiu
Chng bn
V i t
V thi xa phn chia nhiu giai cp trong x hi v nhiu hng
ngi khc nhau, nn c nhiu i t c xa v c phong ph di do.
Chng nm
V nhng i t khc
Thc ra khng c i t quan h (qui, quae, quod) nhng c cch
xp t danh t m t li ni b ng bin thnh ch ng, nh my
c sch (tu legis librum), nu ni sch my c, c ngha l sch
bi my c (liber a te lectus), hoc sch m my c (liber quem tu
legis), n lm vic (ille facit opus), nu ni vic n lm th c ngha l
vic c lm bi n (opus ab illo factum) hay vic m n lm (opus
quod ille facit) v cng nh th v cc s khc. Ngi ta cng hiu
theo cch ni. Trong trng hp ny, ting ai thng dng i vi
ngi, nht l khi khng phi l hi v c thm tiu t th (hoc modo,
do cch ny), nh ai mun th lm (qui vult is faciat, ai mun th
ngi y hy lm), ai c cm th n (qui habet coctam orizam, is edat;
ai c go nu chn, th ngi y hy n). V s nhiu th dng k, nh
K c ti th hc (qui habent ingenium, illi discant; nhng ai c ti,
th nhng ng y hy hc). Ai v k ch dng ni v ngi,
nhng c v ngi, c v nhng s vt khc, th dng no, nh b no
bo th mnh (bos qui est pinguis, is est fortis), thng no lnh th dey
(puerum qui est bonus sive bonae indolis, hunc doce), o no di th
tt (vestis quae est oblonga, illa est pulchra); cn v cc i t quan
h khc, khi dng th s bit (67), nh Cha chng ti tln bli (Pater
noster qui est in caelis) v ly Cha chng ti tln bli (Pater noster
qui es in caelis).
Nghi vn v nguyn do: c sao, hay c no, nhin sao, v sao, sao;
nhin sao thng t u mnh , nh nhin sao c Cha bli ra
i? (quam ob causam Dominus Caeli natus est in mundo), cng c
khi t sau, nh Cha chu c sao? (Dominus passus est qua de
causa?).
Chng su
V ng t
Mun hiu v s v v ngi ca ng t th cn c vo nhng i
t t trc, nh ti io (ego amo), my io (tu amas), n io (ille
amat), chng ti io (nos amamus), chng bay io (vos amatis), chng
n io (illi amant) (73). Tuy nhin phi gi qui tc v danh d ni
trn v cc i t. V thi th nhn thy khi thm my tiu t vo
(74).
Thi hin ti, khng thit iu phi c tiu t thm vo, nhng i
khi cng c, nh ti mc vic by gi (ego occupor negoto nunc, hin
nay ti ang mc lm vic).
Cng vy, mun hiu thi qu kh, hin ti hay tng lai, th cn
c vo chnh cch ni, nh nu c s g lm xong v by gi ngi
ta hi: ai lm? (quis fecit; ai lm?), th hiu r v qu kh, nu hiu
vic hin ti do tng lai m thnh, th dng bao gi, t trc ng
t ch tng lai, nh thy bao gi i (magister quando abit? bao gi
thy s i?), nhng nu t sau th ch thi qu kh, nh thy v bao
gi (magister quando rediit, thy v bao gi). i khi cng hiu v
hin ti, lc th cn c vo cch ni, do nhng t t trc v t
sau, nh xem thy o bao gi th ti mng (quando te video tunc
laetor).
Chng by
V nhng thnh phn bt bin khc ca cu vn
(86)
Nhng gii t thng thng trong ngn ng ny th tng t nh
trong cc ngn ng ca chng ta nh bi ( hay ab), ly (ly, per), v
(propter), v (pro, idem), thay v (loco alterius), tlc (trc, ante),
Chng cht
V my qui tc lin h ti c php
Th nht, ch t phi t trc ng t, cn nu t sau th khng
***
Ch thch
Chng mt
(l) Ting latinh c ging ci, ging c v ging trung, ting Php ch
c ging ci v ging c.
(16) Nu vit theo La ng, ng th vit gna, gna ti, gna hin, nu
vit theo B ng th vit nha, nha ti, nha hin, phe B thng.
(17) Trong nhiu bn vit tay trc 1651 cn thy ghi hai chm trn i
trn u trn y nh ni, tau, noucman, toy. Tc gi mun gin d ha,
trnh khng dng nhiu k hiu khi nht thit khng cn.
Chng hai
Acutum sc
Circumflexe un, ng
Ponderosum nng
Dulce du, hi
(34) Rt quan trng hiu cch ghi theo ting ng Trong, khng c
nguyn m thc th, coi bi ring chng ti vit v vn ny.
Chng ba
(41) Ting latinh: doctus, thng thi, doctior, thng thi hn,
doctissimus, rt thng thi; bonus, tt, melior, tt hn, optimus, rt tt;
altus, cao, altior, cao hn, altissimus, rt cao.
(42) Taberd: cc, cc sang (rt sang), cc trng. Khai Tr: cc, rt
mc, n th l cng, cc rng, cc p, cc k.
(44) Taberd: gia, gia thm; gia git (nhiu, rt nhiu). Khng c trong
Khai Tr. LV: gia git l kht khe, qu ng, ph bnh gia git, yu
gia git.
(45) Taberd: thay, tt thay (rt tt), nhn thay (rt nhn). Khai Tr:
thay l ting tr t t ng sau cu t than tic, thng thay! tic
thay! may thay! - Nhng hiu l thn t th ng hn.
Chng bn
(47) Taberd: qua (chng ti), hay l ti, khi ngi trn ni vi ngi
di, m qua (chng ti), chng qua (chng ti). Khai Tr: qua l ta,
chng ta: qua i chi vi bu. LV: qua, ting chng xng vi v
hoc ngi ln xng vi ngi nh: Bu ni vi qua bu khng lang
ch, Bt c ri nh d bu cha?
(48) Taberd: min l ti (vi s cao sang, quyn th). Khai Tr: min l
ta, ting ngi trn xng vi ngi di, Thi cp sng chng
min i ri, K.
(49) Taberd: tu dng (ni vi vua). Khai Tr: dng l tu ln, Khu
u dng trc long nhan nhng l, cd.
(50) Taberd: bin bch, minh bch. Khai Tr: bch l tha, by t, ni
vi ngi trn, n cha sch, bch cha thng, Tng. Phn nhiu thay
ting tha ni vi nh s, trnh tn tui, bch duyn do, Ph-Tr.
(51) Taberd ghi ching vi ngha ging, ging (mi ging), ba ching
(tam cng). Khai Tr: ching l trnh tha, ching lng, ching xm.
(52) Tn ring latinh l Ioannes, ting Php l Iean, ting Vit dch l
Gioan.
(53) Cch xng h trong ting Vit kh tinh vi, t m, phin toi.
Nu phi vit truyn ng Thin Cha lm Ngi, th cn phc tp,
kh khn hn nhiu. c l din gii i cht v em vo thc hnh
trong Php Ging. Coi PG th kh thch th, bi c nhiu cu ngy
ng.
(57) Ba tn quan: kin louc, kin lc, kin trng, trng kin; ph dung,
th hoa mi tr mu trng, ri hng, gn tn bin (LV); mu ti,
ti nng gii giang. - Trong Truyn Vng quc ng Ngoi (1651),
c l cho bit, khi ti K Ch nm 1627, Trnh Trng cho tm tr
nh mt vin quan tn l mu ti (Coi Sd q.2, ch.12).
(59) Hin nay cha dnh ring cho linh mc, c cha dnh cho gim
mc, thy dnh cho tu s, chng sinh cha lm linh mc. c thi k,
ngi ta gi linh mc l thy nh c l ni, cho nn gim mc c
gi l c thy.
(62) Taberd: quan chng l chc quan gn vua, thay vua. Khai Tr
ghi: chng n, chng l, chng l coi gi.
(65) Thc ra, v sau, khng ai theo c l v vic trnh khng dng
i t ng ch cc Ngi Thin Cha hay cc thnh thin thn,
cng nh khng ai theo ng v vic khng dng hai ch nhn danh.
Chng nm
Chng su
(76) Taberd khng ghi g. Tri li Khai Tr: hm, coi gm; gm l
dng li, khoan , gm ri hy n, gm nc c.
(81) Taberd: st, chng bit st (hon ton khng bit). Khai Tr: st
l ting tr t t ng sau cu ni, t khng c g ht c, chng c
g st, chng bit g st.
(83) Taberd: chc, chc y, thot chc, bng chc, mt chc, ti chc
(chnh ti y), phi chc. Khai Tr khng ghi cch ni ny.
Chng by
(86) Khi ni bt bin th hiu theo ting latinh ch ting Vit bt bin
ht c m. Nhng ch bt bin trong La ng l ph t, lin t, gii t
v thn t. Du sao cng l cch phn tch ting ni ca chng ta theo
ting latinh. Bn loi t c bin i l danh t, ng t, i t, tnh t,
vn theo La ng.
(87) Taberd: trm (ph t, cch giu, cch kn, cch ln lt) trm lnh,
trm cho. Khai Tr: trm, trng trm, ni trm, trm ngh, trm php.
(88) Theo ting latinh Petrus (danh cch), Petre (h cch); dominus
(ng ch, ch) thuc danh cch, domine, thuc h cch (tha ng
ch).
(94) Cha nht thit nh vy, nh con dao, ci ko, con quay, ci
chi, con tin, ci ci. Trong Php Ging cn c ci chim, ci kin,ci
my, ci ngc, ci sao, ci tc; trong ca dao ngn ng: ci ng, ci c,
ci vc...
Chng tm
PH LC
1. Trch Truyn Vng Quc ng Ngoi, quyn 1, chng 30
V cc thanh v cc du trong ting ni bnh dn nc Annam
(Des tons et des accents de la langue vulgaire du Royaume d '
Annam)
Ch thch
(1) Trong nguyn vn ting Php, khng vit ting Vit m ghi bng
ting Php l coller. T in VBL vit b, b vng tc m, m vng,
m bc.
(2) Cng vy, trong nguyn vn ting Php, khng ghi ting Vit m
ch ghi ting Php l une chose abandonne, tc b, theo T l vt b
i, res pro derelicta.
(3) Trong nguyn vn ting Php, khng ghi ting Vit m ghi ting
Php l le marc, tc b, nhng tc gi lm vi du nng
(4) Cng khng vit ting Vit m ghi bng ting Php l un soufflet
(mt ci bv), souffleter (v, ng t).
Huyn trm d b b
Ng un trm m b /
Hi un du, hi s bv bv
Sc sc l b b
Ainam Hi Nam 3.
Banco Bn C 201.
Co c, ng t c (avoir) 74.
Da an nua, n na,
Da an het n ht 177.
Da den lut n lt 8.
Doy i 47.
Kemois K mi 4, 6, 49.
Lut Lt 9, 10.
Maa Ma 205.
Onsai ng Si 196.
Onsai Ly ng Si L 193.
Xin xin xin Chng ti cha bit l g, ting Php dch l Nant Nant
Nant
An nam
B b u (b b o), b ny b o, nn c ci tn .
B cy (b Ci), tn b c o v ri b o.
B u (b o), b c o, b Ci.
B c h (b c H)
Cha
Cha t, cha d, cha qunh (Cha Tung, Cha Dng, Cha Qunh,
ba anh em ca Trnh Trng).
C bt (c Bt)
C (n c)
Ca y (Ca sng y, ca y)
x (nh th u x).
nh (nh lng).
c o h (c ng Hu).
Gi (ngy gi chp)
Hy n x (Hi An x).
Huyn (huyn).
K bu (K Bu).
K by (K By).
K by (K By?).
K d (m K D?).
K ( K y).
K gin(K Gin ).
K h (K Hu An dng huyn).
K jng (K Ging?).
K ma (K Ma).
K mc (K Mc).
K st (K St?)
K s (K S?)
K suy (K Sui).
Li (ly).
Ngh an
Nh ph (nh ph).
o b ph (ng b ph).
o c ng (ng c ng).
o c nh (ng c nh).
o c h (ng c H).
o c ho (ng c Ha).
o ph (ng Ph ).
Ph l x.
Ph x.
Ph.
Qung lit x.
Sy (Si)
Sy vy (Si vi)
Si
Ty (b Ty).
Thi (thy).
Th u(thy o).
Th ph th (thy ph thy).
Thinh hoa
Tnh.
T t huyen (T t huyn).
X b (a danh ).
Ainam Hi Nam
An nam An Nam
Ba hn Ba hn
Bai via By va
Bochin B Chnh
Bua Vua
But Bt
C C
C C
C C
Cai x Cai x
Che ce K Ch
Che no K N
Cha Canh Cha Canh, Cha Khnh Cao Bng Mc knh Khoan,
hiu Khnh Vng
Ciua ban uuan Cha Bng vng, Bnh An vng, Trnh Tng
Cu hon C hn
Dang ng
Den n
Dum ng
Ghe an Ngh An
Gi Gi chp
Gna ti Nha ti
Kim Kinh
Lautu Lo t
Min Minh
Phat Pht
Sai Si
Sai ca Si C
Sai vai Si vi
Sin do Sinh
Thai Thy
Ten si Tin s
Thicca Thch Ca
Thuam Thun
Tle Tre
Tl Tr
Van Vn
Vu V, v
An nam An Nam 2
Ba b ba b Ba b bv (v) b 111
Ba hon Ba hn 93
Bai via By va 93
Budda Bt 68
But Bt 129
Cai xa Cai x 40
Cu hon C hn 91
Dang ng 129
Dau o 129
Den n 13, 41
Da li a l 82
D D, ci by 110
Gna to Nha ti 39
Nguyn khc Xuyn
115
Ng php ting Vit ca c L 1651
L L 110
Lau tu Lo t 72
L L, nh L 15
Mam Mm 48
Mj M 110
Min Minh 36
Pequin Bc kinh 2
Phu Ph 39
Sai Si 70
Sai ou Si ng 70
Sang da Sng d 64
Sin do Sinh 41
Tensi Tin s, tn s 42
Thicca Thch Ca 65
Thuan Thun 36
Tun ng 2
Vaj Vi 169
Van Vn 38
Vu V, v 38
Vu xa V x, mt a danh 165
Vvan Vng 15
Xa X 40
Ay ai,ai y, ai i ai
u m o (m) o
A, y y
C u, u l u
B t by t bay t
B my tuy by mi by mi
B, b bo, ca bo bu, ca bu
Bgi by gi by gi
Bgi by gi by gi
Bvo bveo vo
Bv bvy vy
Bv, k bv - - - k V
Bv, lbv bv v
Bv bv v
Bva bva - - - va va
Nguyn khc Xuyn
119
Ng php ting Vit ca c L 1651
Cy ra, cy n ci ci ra, ci n
C, c cy cy
C cu cu
C cu cu
C cy la cy
Ch chy chy
Cy Ng ci ci
Ci Tr ci, m ci ci
C, m c ci, m ci ci
Cy ci, n ci ci
Cy, ch cy ci ci
Dy, ti lng dy di di
D d dy x. dey dy d
D m i - - - dy m i
D, lm d du x. deu du
Dy,dng dy di di
D lon di di lon
Dy di di
y, y i i
hn i hn i hn
y, n y n i n i
, n y y
t y x. y, y t y t
y nk y y
n b n b n b
Nguyn khc Xuyn
121
Ng php ting Vit ca c L 1651
u u
y i, theo i, lm i i
y n i n i n
y tn i i
y, n y i i
uy chu ui ui
G, g g gy, g gy gy
G gy gy
Gy l gi gi
G l, g m gi gi
Ga ng gia ng gia
Gy gi gi, gi
H cn hy hy cn
H h,h tc hu h hu h
Hy, hi hi hi
Hy th hi thi hi thi
H hu hu
Iu yu yu
Iu yu yu
Knh Lch
Ko khc ku ku
K, lm k c, cm c c
L n khng c ly n
La, la lau
L bv ly, x. ly ly v
L cc lu cc lu
Ly o li, xin li li
L; thnh l lu lu
My gm mi deao, mi sng mi
M; n m my, n my my
M mu mu
M my my
Ml ml l, nh
My ny mi ni mi ni
My mi mi
My n ny mi n ni mi
My mi, hai mi mi
My ng mi ngy mi ngy
N ny ny
Ng ngy ngy
Ny ni ni
Ny ni ni
Ny Sc ni ni
O u, u b u bvi ng
Ph qu ph qu ph qu
R ry, ngy ry ry
Ry, ri ri, ch ri ri
Ry li ri, chng c ri ri
R ru, hay ru ru
S trm su tlam su
S su, su sc su
T bvua tu bvua tu
T tu, ng tu tu
T ty Ty
Th T thi thi
Th m thu m thu m
Th - - - thu
Tl con tl tr con
Ty ti, lm ti ti
Ty c ti, phm ti ti
Ty ng ti ngy ti ngy
Tr tr v tr
Tu l xa tuy l tuy
ng nc ung ung
khng c u
, thi khng c u
Vy vi, si vi vi
X thnh xy, x. xy xy
c , theo , mc ai ()
I. Nguyn tc
3 nguyn m vi du m sp :
2 nguyn m mi vi du ru : .
- thng ny, cha thng ny, cho thng ny o,, keo (ku) thng
ny, thng kia, by thng ny.
- Nhc thc), "M chng nhc, chng ln", 42, e; "Cng chng
c nhc na", 62,b. Xem thm 222,a, 290,q.
Hng (hng), "c sng lu l kim hng sng bvy", 5d,e; "
i sau thng hng bvui bv " 24,l; m hng c bvy v cng" 35q;
hng thy, hng chu, 68; hng ma xon, 71p; hng hng,139b; hng
c, 35q; hng thanh nhn, 1 276a; hng bvui bv, 44c.
Mng ting (mng ting), "Khi mng ting php c y", 205p.
Nam (nm), " c bli tlc ba nghn nam", 17,l; "Ba nam b
mm", 18b; "u nam bvua Cha Annam lm php c", 21b.
Rng (rng), "em tin xung rng", 149p; "Thien thn tha li
rng", 150d; "M tha rng",151r. Coi thm: 202g, 203x.
Thng (thng), "Thy thng ngy", 66y; "L thng hay di ngi
ta", 116s.
n.- n ming ng m ming ngon dnh cho con n", 18c; "
Bay c my ci bnh n?", 183 ; " Li y t chia cho ngi ta, m n
ht thay thy", 184p; "Du ca g d dy, mung no rt hn cng ch
m chng chu n, n th rt i cng n bvy", 259g.
Rn, con rn, "qu...th nhp bveo trong con rn", 84b, "con rn
di ti", 91x, "b ht v cho con rn", 91c.
3. p dng trong T in
Lc, khc lc, chc lc, cn.- C th in sai, phi cha l khc
lc.
Mc (mc), mc tht.
Mc (mc), k mc mch.- Mt th la m.
Mc, x mc.
Ngc (ngc), ngc thy tinh, ngc thch, chua ngc cn (chu
ngc), nk ngc.
Rc, x rc.
Thc (thc), voi thc: ting voi tht; hm thc: ting hm gm.
Thc x thc.
Ngn, tc ngn.
Rp, ci rp cp ly tc.
H, (hng).
L (lng), cho l ; hi l, nt l.
L (lng), l du, l c.
Xa chn xa tay (xong chn xong tay) : cht, chn tay cng
, mortuus iam est, riguerunt iam eius manus et pedes.
Bng (bng), bng nhau; bng, t bng than thn; bng, tl cho
bng; bng an, bng ien; bng, bv bng; bng, co bng; bng, ngi
xp bng.
Cc (cc) x bi (bui).
Cng (cng).
Cp (cp) cp tc d ln.
n g (n g), n g b ci.
Lc (lc), ca lc i lc li, gi lc i; lc i.
Lm lm (lm lm).
Quan (qun), qun u, quan tc.- Coi: tc, quan tc, quan u.
Rn (rn), o rn r.
Bc, bn bc, phng bc, ; bc, gi bc, gi bc; bc, sao bc;
bc ni ln; bc cu; bc thang.
Cm hn, cm gn.
Cm que, cm bveo.
Chp, mt chp.
m thuin, m tu.
Gp ngi, gp s tai.
Gt la.
Hc lon, x lon.
Hm, m hm mt mi.
Khn, khn chi mt, khn chi tay, bc khn; khn khn;
Khn, kh khn.
Lc u.
Ln, ln xung, g ln i.
Ln, nh ni ln.
Mng.
Ngm ngm.
Ngm, gm cn.
Ngn, tc ngn.
Qut, x quay hay quanh. Quay, i quay qut, mng quay qut;
quanh, quanh qut.
Rc ra, rc bvi.
Rn (con rn).
Rn, kng cn, g rn, bnh rn, rn ri, rn gan, rn my, rn mt,
rn mt cng ai.
Rng, li rng, rng tlc, rng hm, mac rng, rng rng, rng
lung lai (lay), su rng, cn rng, nghin rng, gh rng, rng sc, sn
rng, mm.
Sc thuc.
Sm (sm), sm truyn.
Sm sa.
Sn, i sn bt cy.
Tc li.
Tt la.
Tt ngh, tt hi cn.
Thng, ln; thng thien, len bli, t thng thien, t ng pho cn.
Tht, tht nt, tht c cht, tht lng, tht thao x thao; thao, tht
thao.
Xt, xt b.
Ph lc
2. Nguyn m vo cui th k 18
2.2 T in.
Hai cun V danh khng ghi nm thng sao chp nhng chng ti
on hn cng vo thi k ny. Cn cun ca Bnh (Borg. Ton. 8) th
c ghi nh sau: "Thy c Bnh sao sch ny K Ch nc
Portugal l thnh Lisboa nm 1797.
- Bm, bng, bp, cp, chn, cht, dm, dn, dn, c...tr mt vi
ch, th d V danh vit chang (chng), chng (chng), cn Bnh th
ghi chng, chng, V danh vit gic, cn Bnh th ghi gic.
Mc lc
Li ta
Ch thch
Phn Ph Lc
THI IM
1993
@ Copyright 1993 by the author
All rights reserved
Tc Gi v Nh Xut Bn gi bn quyn
THI IM
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(714) 530-6301