CHNC Guidebook

1
Community Health Nursing Certification Guidebook

6th Edition
Community Health Nurses of Canada

Community Health Nurses of Canada (CHNC) is a national organization for community health
registered nurses to advance practice and to improve the health of Canadians. CHNC
represents the voices of community health nurses; advances practice excellence; creates
opportunities for partnerships across sectors and networks; strengthens community health
nursing leadership; advocates for healthy public policy to address social and environmental
determinants of health; and promotes a publicly funded, not for profit system for (community)
health. CHNC is an associate member of the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA).
Contact Information
Community Health Nurses of Canada
75 New Cove Road
St. Johns, NL, A1A 2C2
info@chnc.ca
All material in this document is the property of Community Health Nurses of Canada.
Reproduction or retransmission of the materials, in whole or in part, in any manner, without
the prior written consent of the copyright holder, is a violation of copyright law. A single copy
may be made, solely for personal, non-commercial use.
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements .............................................................................................. 1
Introduction ......................................................................................................... 2
Tips for Success ................................................................................................... 4
Top 10 Reasons to Become Certified .................................................................... 5
Comments on How Certification Impacted Practice .............................................. 6
Recommendations from Former Exam Writers ..................................................... 8
Study Group Roles and Responsibilities ............................................................ 10
Prior to First Study Group Meeting .................................................................... 13
Competencies 1.1-1.6: Health Promotion ........................................................... 15
Competencies 1.7-1.21: Prevention and Health Protection ................................. 31
Competencies 1.22-1.27: Health Maintenance, Restoration and Palliation ......... 48
Competencies 2.1-2.6: Capacity Building ........................................................... 65
Competencies 3.1-3.5: Professional Relationships ............................................. 70
Competencies 4.1-4.10: Access and Equity ........................................................ 75
Competencies 5.1-5.5: Professional Responsibility and Accountability ............... 78

Acknowledgements
The CHNC Certification Committee is pleased to offer community health nurses

(CHNs) the 6th edition of the Community Health Nursing Certification Guidebook. The
design, ideas and concepts of the original guidebook released in 2007 were developed
under the leadership of Lorraine Athwal, former Community Health Nursing Specialist
at Middlesex-London Health Unit (MLHU) in London, Ontario. Community Health
Nurses of Canada (CHNC) gratefully acknowledges the following CHNs at MLHU and
ParaMed Home Health Care who generously volunteered their time and resources in
reviewing and revising the guidebook from 2007-2012: Lorraine Athwal, Heather
Lokko and Brenda Marchuk at MLHU, and MaryJane Herlihey and Cheryl Reid-
Haughian of ParaMed Home Health Care. Hundreds of CHNs across Canada have
benefitted from this resource, which is available to CHNC members through our
website: www.chnc.ca. It is our hope that the 2014 edition of the guidebook will
continue to be a useful resource for nurses seeking Canadian Nurses Association
(CNA) Community Health Nursing Certification.
The Community Health Nurses of Canada would like to thank the following certified
CHNC members for their generous contribution of time and expertise to updating the
2014 edition:
Yvette Lafort-Fliesser, RN, MScN, CCHN(C)

Consultant, Community and Public Health, Ontario
Edellys Training Corporation
Co-Chair, CHNC Certification Committee
Carla Ferreira, RNBN, MN, CCHN(C)

Instructor, Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary
MaryJane Herlihey, RN, BScN, CCHN(C)

Clinical Consultant, ParaMed Home Health Care
Brenda Marchuk, RN, BScN, CCHN(C)

Community Health Nursing Specialist, Family Health Services
Middlesex-London Health Unit
Karey Shuhendler, RN, MN, CCHN(C)

Public Health Nursing-Consulting and Education-Ontario
Public Health Nursing-Nunavut
1
Introduction
The Community Health Nursing Certification Guidebook was first developed in 2007
by the Middlesex-London Health Unit (MLHU) in London, Ontario and ParaMed Home
Health Care Ontario. It was created as an additional resource to help candidates
prepare for the Canadian Nurses Association Community Health Nursing Certification
exam. With the development of a new certification exam in 2012, CHNC secured a
grant from the Public Health Agency of Canada to complete a major revision of the
guidebook to align with the revised exam. This work was undertaken in 2011 by
MLHU and ParaMed in collaboration with CHNC.
In 2012, CHNC assumed the copyright and its Certification committee took on the
responsibility for reviewing and updating the guidebook. On an annual basis, a group
composed of Canadian community health nursing experts, representing diverse
practice domains that reflect the depth and diversity of CHN practice, reviews the
contents of the guidebook and makes appropriate revisions. This edition features
updated links to both text-based and multimedia resources.
Exam candidates are encouraged to remember that whether community health

nursing is practiced through a homecare agency, street outreach teams, public health
departments, or a community clinic, our practice is a diverse specialty that is captured
in the following description by the Canadian Nurses Association (2011):
The community health nurse:

Is a specialist who practices in the community.
Practices in accordance with the Canadian Community Health Nursing practice
model.
Practices in accordance with the Code of Ethics of CNA
Partners with clients and key community members where they live, work, learn,
meet and play.
Works autonomously and independently in a variety of settings.
Values and believes in caring, the principles of primary health care, multiple ways
of knowing and individual/community participation and empowerment.
Values social justice and equity as the foundations of practice.
Is a steward of the environment.
Strives for excellence, promotes evidence-informed practice and maintains
professional competence.
Shares professional knowledge with colleagues and students.
Works proactively through advocacy and participation in relevant professional
associations.
Advocates for effective and efficient use of community health nursing resources.
Uses reflective practice and continuous learning.
The Community Health Nursing Certification Guidebook shares the successes and
knowledge gained from past study groups. In this guidebook, you will find suggested
formats for study groups, reading lists and multimedia resources for each competency.
2
It is considered a companion document to use along with the CNA exam preparatory
guide.
The process to assist in exam preparation described below has been shown to be an
effective strategy to support CHNs as 98.6% of participants in the 2006-2011 groups
were successful in achieving certification in community health nursing on their first
attempt.
Information on the roles and responsibilities of a study participant and a study lead
are included in this guidebook. While use of this guidebook may vary, its original
developers used the following process:
1) After nurses receive confirmation from the Canadian Nurses Association that they
will be writing the certification exam, a meeting is held in the late fall with all the
potential group members.
2) At this initial meeting, participants discuss and confirm how they will proceed with
studying the competencies from January until the exam date in April.
3) The study group uses a participatory model, and each nurse is responsible for
leading the group through the study of 1-2 competencies of their choice.
4) The lead for each competency provides group members with suggested readings
one week prior to the group session.
a) For the first hour of the session, they review the content of the specific
competency being addressed.
b) The second hour focuses on discussion of the topics, applying knowledge to
practice, and thinking critically about practice situations.
The group repeats this process until all the competencies have been covered and it is
time to write the exam.
Feedback from previous study groups after they wrote the exam was that knowledge
application and critical thinking require special attention during exam preparation.
Based on this feedback a number of discussion questions taken from various
resources have been included in this guidebook to support study group participants
knowledge application and critical thinking.
To date, the study group experience has been very rewarding, with nurses expressing
appreciation for the renewal of their knowledge and the building of new relationships.
Using this guidebook can assist in directing study efforts, and organizing the exam
preparation process.
Congratulations on your decision to become certified in community health nursing,

and good luck throughout your preparation and examination process!
3
Tips for Success
It is strongly recommended that at least half of the study group time is spent
engaging in group discussion to critically review and apply the material.
Encourage participants to actively think their way through the material and not be
passive recipients of information.
While study groups are often formed based on location and convenience, it is
recommended that there be members from many domains of practice to benefit
from the expertise of practitioners in the very broad field of community health. For
example, Home Health, Public Health, School Health, Primary Health Care, etc.
This representation helps participants gain insight into the different types of
community health nursing, ensures a rich and representative discussion of
practice questions, and broadens their knowledge base.
There are many resources listed in the guidebook. Pick the most common ones and
have each group member source a few of them and share among the group.
4
Top Ten Reasons to Become Certified
Community Health Nursing Certification:
1. Promotes pride in our chosen nursing practice focus community health nursing.
2. Actively demonstrates personal commitment to professional development.
3. Sustains high quality nursing practice through the identification and integration of
current, evidence-based knowledge into community nursing practice.
4. Creates public confidence in our knowledge and skills.
5. Actively demonstrates personal commitment to excellence in community health

nursing practice.
6. Represents a significant career achievement.
7. Provides official recognition by our nursing colleagues and all health system stake
holders for our unique practice focus and competencies.
8. Lends credibility to community health nurses during these tumultuous times of

change for the health care system in Canada.
9. Offers an opportunity to confirm our competence in this specialty.
10. Enables us to meet the national standards of our specialty through a recognized
credential.
Modified from: Prepared on behalf of CHNAC by Jane Underwood and Barb Mildon
(December 1, 2003). Proposal for Specialty Designation for Certification of Community
Health Nursing.
5
Comments on How Certification Impacted Practice
Thoughts from Community Health Nurses on how achieving certification

impacted their practice:
"In terms of applying it to my practice, I know how important it is to check in with the
community throughout the process, from planning, implementation and evaluation. I
know that I have been extremely cognizant of that ever since and I have been asserting
that this is important; kind of pushing it at the table with community partners. It is
really in the forefront of my mind now. This is best practice. We can't just think that
something is a good idea and go with it. So I have been checking in with the target
audience more... Studying for certification has really helped remind me to know that
this is something you have just got to do."
In communicable disease I learned so muchit was eye opening. Wowand that is

relevant to my practice, not in my areabut I really benefited from that.
I work in a small office. At times Im the only one in the office. A couple of weeks ago I
had this one gentlemen bring in results from a water sample; he did not know what
the results meant. Normally I wouldnt either and would have had to call someone. But
now I know! I knew what to do next and how to help him. It was so much faster and
simpler for both of us.
"Certification has increased my knowledge base and I can utilize that knowledge in
specific areas, such as communicable disease. I feel I also gained confidence in my
practice area."
"Part of my motivation for writing the CHN Exam was to test myself to see if I could
handle the juggling act of studying, family and work. Successfully completing the CHN
exam motivated me and gave me the reassurance I needed to go back to school to get
my Masters Degree. I discovered I enjoyed studying again and hitting the books."
The competency on vulnerable populations really increased my awareness of barriers to

access. Its foremost in my thoughts now. When developing new community programs
Im actively looking for barriers now, and I dont think I would have considered them as
much before. For example, what are our hours of service, locations, and how many
people does a client have to talk with or go through, before they get the help they need. I
am much more conscious of this now and it impacts on my decision making.
6
Makes me realize what I dont know and how fast things are changingI just cant sit
on what I know now without doing something. It gives something to make sure I stay
on top of my practice.
I went to a reproductive health meeting and they wanted me to talk on housingI

thought I did a much better job speaking about housing and the lack of housing in X
because I could connect that with homelessness, determinants of health and poverty
and the impact that has on everybodys health. I took some of our readings and
handed them outthis is the connection between that and the determinants of health
and that is why it is so important for all of us to put it on our agenda.
I found I have asked people a lot more about their culture when I go on home
visitswhere before I may have ignored it or skimmed over it. Now Ive really tried to
ask the question, What happens in your culture after you have had a baby? Its
amazing how much they tell you where I had a hard time getting that much
information before.
To learn more about the impact of certification, we recommend that you read pp. 9-21
in the research report: Influence of Certification on Community Health Nursing found at
http://www.chnc.ca/documents/CHNCCertificationReport_final_.pdf.
7
Recommendations from Former Exam Writers
The following are a list of recommendations on how to effectively prepare for the exam
from the MLHU study groups.
Consider years of experience when deciding to write the exam.

Some participants felt that more than 2 years of experience would be necessary to
write the exam. If you dont have enough hours to apply, consider participating in a
variety of staff development opportunities until you are ready. For example, the Public
Health Agency of Canada offers a series of online skills enhancement workshops free
to public health workers. See http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/php-psp/ccph-
cesp/descriptions-eng.php for more information.
Study Canadian content and invest in a Canadian community health nursing

text.
American texts may provide conflicting information around some topics (e.g., case
management and insurance benefits). You can purchase texts through most
bookstores or online, or borrow from your local health science library. Suggested texts
include:
Stamler, L. L. & Yiu, L. (2012). Community Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective
3rd ed. Pearson Prentice Hall: Toronto.
Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais-Dresler, G. (2011).
Community Health Nursing in Canada (2nd ed.). Toronto: Pearson Canada.
Vollman, A., Anderson, E. & McFarlane, J. (2012). Canadian Community as
Partner: Theory & Multidisciplinary Practice (3rd ed). Philadelphia: Wolters
Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Review content that is consistent and recognized nationally.

Questions were only included on the exam if they reflected practices that were
consistent across Canada. However, local strategies and information related to the
competencies can provide examples of these competencies in practice, and are easy to
access.
Use internet resources.

Some helpful resources are the Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (RNAO) Best
Practice Guidelines (BPGs) at www.rnao.org and the Public Health Agency of Canada
at http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ncfv-cnivf/cbpp-pcpe/.
Personalize your study time.

The amount of time each participant studied varied. How much time you need
depends on your learning needs and study habits. In addition to the study group time,
plan to do some independent reading and studying every week.
Make the competencies work for you. Think about what you are reading and
learning. How could what you are learning be applied to the work you are currently
doing? What are some possible questions that could be developed from this content?
8
Network with other Community Health Nurses in different practice settings.
Connecting with Community Health Nurses from other settings allows for the sharing
of knowledge and expertise. This invaluable networking is highly recommended.
Remember that you wont have time to reread everything.

Make your own summary and/or study notes. Dont rely on others notes, as your
colleagues may have different learning needs than you. Review your summary notes
about two weeks prior to the exam.
Concentrate on application and critical thinking when working on practice

questions.
Some questions from textbooks tend to be knowledge-recall questions. If you cant find
application and critical thinking questions, develop some with your colleagues.
Consider the depth of knowledge required for the competencies.

When studying for the exam, a common question that surfaced was, What is the
extent or scope of knowledge expected? Even after writing the exam, it was a difficult
question to answer. Refine your studying by focusing primarily on national and
Canadian content.
Keep the scoring method in mind as you study.

It may be helpful to understand how the exam is graded. According to the CNA website
the purpose of the certification exam is to determine whether a candidate has met the
standards required to be certified, not to rank-order candidates. The questions are
designed to best classify the candidates into two categories: pass or fail.
For further details see: CNA, (2012). CNA certification: FAQs initial certification.
Retrieved from http://www.nurseone.ca/Default.aspx?portlet=StaticHtmlViewer
Portlet&stmd=False&plang=1&ptdi=588
Study Tip
To maximize your study time, consider completing the learning style
assessment from the RNAO: Educators Resource: Integration of BPGs (2012).
Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/resources/educators-resource-
integration-best-practice-guidelines
Suggestions on how to boost your learning based on the assessment are given.
Any study group should aim to provide a number of methods of learning for all
the different learning styles: visual, auditory, and kinesthetic.
9
Study Group Roles and Responsibilities
Facilitator
Seek relationships with other Community Health Nurses/agencies.

Foster a learner-centred atmosphere.
Develop and maintain schedule for study group sessions.
Organize an initial group planning meeting.
Assist competency leads in developing the content for the study group,
including discussion and practice questions.
Co-ordinate and locate resources information as needed (a Health Sciences
librarian can be very helpful with this).
Provide individual support and information to the nurses as necessary.
Act as a liaison between CNA and other organizations (e.g., post information
about study group on the CNA website).
Develop relationships and connections with other study groups and facilitators.
Ensure sessions stay on topic and relevant to certification.
Maintain and support connections with CCHN(C) mentors.
Seek feedback on group process and outcomes on an ongoing basis.
Facilitate a debriefing session within 4-6 weeks after the exam.
Competency Lead
As each session is usually led by a different group member, the following outline
provides a guide for the key responsibilities of this individual. Some groups may
choose to have co-leads for each competency, and may want to have both home health
and public health nurses represented as leads.
Assess and review the learning needs of your group for the competency.
You will be unable to cover the entire scope of the competency in the study
group. Prioritize the information that needs to be shared. For example, if
everyone around the table has years of experience in supporting breastfeeding
with families, you may want to focus on immunization instead.
Develop a suggested reading list. This guidebook already contains reading

lists. Review these and determine what is relevant for your group. Competencies
dont cover everything in CHN practice. For the purpose of exam preparation, let
the competencies guide your learning. Focus only on a few key readings.
Tips for Competency Lead

Consider providing a list of recommended readings to your group at least one
week prior to leading.
Past competency leads have made print copies of the recommended readings.
Others have provided a brief summary of the relevant literature.
10
Consider what key content points you want to review at the study group.
Are there some points in the readings that are contentious? Do the readings
reflect current local practice? Is there information some group members may
not be familiar with? Think about how you are going to balance the discussion
with participants who work in a range of areas. Aim to complete the content
review in one-third to one-half of your total session time. Remember that 20-
30% of the exam covers knowing and understanding definitions, facts,
principles and interpreting data.
Ensure you focus on building skills in knowledge application and critical

appraisal. The majority of the exam questions (65-85%) are knowledge
application and critical thinking questions.
Knowledge application questions (40-50% of the exam) are about:

Applying knowledge to situations.
Applying rules, methods, and principles of therapeutic communication.
Identifying consequences.
Critical thinking questions (25-35%) test your ability to:

Judge the relevance of data, to deal with abstractions, to solve nursing
problems.
Formulate conclusions and make judgments concerning clients.
Appraise a situation and identify the most appropriate intervention.
Choose or develop questions to help with the discussion. The Stamler & Yiu
(2012) text includes study questions and critical thinking exercises. Many other
texts include similar types of questions. If you are unable to find good
questions, consider developing your own.
Participant
Come to the session prepared. Usually this requires having a good

understanding of the content for each competency. Having an opportunity to
read and understand the topic prior to the study group meeting is essential to
being able to participate in the application of the information. Learning is more
than listening and reading. Come to the group with any questions that you may
have or topics and issues that may need to be clarified.
Participate in the discussion. You dont need to be an expert in the content to

provide meaningful contributions to the discussion. Others can learn from your
thoughts and questions.
Reflect on how this information can be used or is being used in your

practice. Incorporating the information into your practice can increase your
motivation and your ability to retain information.
11
Maintain an attitude of respect at all times for study group participants.
We all learn better in a comfortable, non-threatening environment. Do your part
to keep the atmosphere positive.
Provide feedback to the facilitator and mentors on the process of the

study group and the impact of the process on your practice. After the exam,
in the debriefing session, provide your constructive feedback. It is up to you if
you wish to share if you were successful or not.
Study Tip
Prior to studying a competency in detail:
Recognize there is a lot of information to review; strive to keep your task
manageable.
Consider what you already know.
Consider what you need to know.
Think about what the competency includes that is not covered in the
suggested readings.
12
Prior to First Study Group Meeting
Facilitator
In early September, offer information about certification to your colleagues (those in

your agency and beyond). This will help nurses to make an informed decision
regarding their participation in certification. Information on certification could be
provided through a formal presentation or various other appropriate venues. Ensure
you let those considering certification know that you will be facilitating a study group
to support their exam preparation.
Once nurses have received confirmation that they have been accepted to write the
certification exam, you can organize the initial study group planning meeting, for
November or December. At this meeting, you can discuss issues such as study group
process, privacy, timetable or schedule, available resources, and contact information.
This is also when the study group participants can indicate which competency they
would like to take leadership for.
Study group meetings should begin in early January to ensure sufficient time to
complete the study process prior to the exam in April. In our experience, study group
meetings need to be two hours in length, on a weekly basis. Ensure you have
prearranged the needed meeting space.
Participant
With your acceptance to write the exam, you will receive the CNA Preparation Guide.
This guide includes information on the exam, exam-taking strategies and studying for
the exam.
Review the competency list including the assumptions listed in the beginning. Develop
a personal learning plan. Consider:
The exam blueprint.
Your learning needs (consider taking one of the sample quizzes to identify the
areas you may need to focus on more comprehensively).
Time.
Review the Canadian Community Health Nursing Standards of Practice.
Consider looking at organization specific education modules on the Canadian

Community Health Nursing Standards that have been developed.
Read about Community Health Nursing in general. Think about the similarities and
differences between home health and public health nursing. Why do you think they
are being tested together? How does this affect your preparation?
13
Recommended Readings
Community Health Nurses of Canada (CHNC) (March, 2011). Canadian Community

Health Nursing: Professional Practice Model & Standards of Practice. CHNC:
Toronto. Retrieved from http://www.chnc.ca/members/documents/chnc-
standards-eng-book.pdf
CHNC (March, 2010). Home Health Nursing Competencies Version 1.0. Retrieved from
http://chnc.ca/documents/HHNursingCompetenciesFINALEnglish.pdf
CHNC (May, 2009). Public Health Nursing Discipline Specific Competencies Version 1.0.
Retrieved from http://www.chnc.ca/documents/competencies_june_2009_english.
pdf
Additional Readings
Cohen, B. (2012). Population Health Promotion Models and Strategies. In Stamler, L.,
& Yiu, L., Community Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective (3rd ed., pp. 89-108).
Pearson Canada: Toronto.
Olson Keller, L., Strohschein, S., Schaffer, M. (2011). Cornerstones of Public Health
Nursing. Public Health Nursing, 28(3) 249-260.
Minnesota Department of Health (2001). Public Health Interventions: Applications for

Public Health Nursing Practice Manual. Retrieved from http://dhs.wisconsin.gov/
phnc/InterventionWheel/index.htm
Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais, G. (2011). Community
Health Nursing in Canada: Settings, Functions, and Roles. Community Health
Nursing in Canada. (2nd ed., pp. 60-106). Toronto: Elsevier Canada.
14
Competencies 1.1-1.6: Health Promotion
Study Tip
Focus your reading and studying on the life stages you are least familiar
with. The group may wish to complete this competency over a two-week
period.
Be sure to use the Canadian immunization schedule and not your provincial
schedule, which may differ.
Many of the local and regional public health unit websites have a lot of
information and good web links related to family health, child health,
prenatal health, postpartum health and much more.
If the hyperlink of the listed resource does not open the resource right away,
we recommend copying and pasting the URL into your web browser as
another strategy for accessing the resource.
Brown, H., & McPherson. (2012). Maternal and Child Health. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu
(Eds.), Community Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective (3rd ed., pp. 253-266).
Toronto: Pearson Canada.
Edmunds, K,. & Iller, E. (2012). Cultural Diversity. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.),
Community Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective (3rd ed., pp. 124-138).
Lafort-Fliesser, Y., MacDougall, C., & Buckland, I. (2012). School Health. In L.

Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.), Community Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective
(3rd ed., pp. 283-299). Toronto: Pearson Canada.
Martin, L. (2012). Older Adult Health. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.), Community
Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective (3rd ed., pp. 311-325). Toronto:
Pearson Canada.
Riordan J. (2005 or 2009). Breastfeeding and Human Lactation. (3rd ed.). Sudbury,
MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
Sealy, P., & Smith, J. (2012). Family Health. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.), Community
Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective (3rd ed., pp. 267-282). Toronto:
Pearson Canada.
15
Stamler, L., & Gabriel, A. (2012). Poverty and Homelessness. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu
(Eds.), Community Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective (3rd ed., pp. 420-
433). Toronto: Pearson Canada.

Working with client as individual: Health and wellness across the lifespan.
Community Health Nursing in Canada (2nd ed., pp. 407-445). Toronto: Pearson
Canada.
Yiu, L. (2012). Community Care. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.), Community Health
Nursing: A Canadian Perspective (3rd ed., pp. 213-235). Toronto: Pearson
Canada.
Additional Readings
Allender, J., Rector, C., & Warner, K. (2010). Maternal-child health: working with
perinatal, infant, toddler, and preschool clients. In Community Health Nursing:
Promoting & Protecting the Publics Health. (7th ed., pp. 560-605). Philadelphia:
Wolters Kluwer/ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Edmunds, N., Etowa, J., Peterson, W., & Kennedy, M. (2012). Community Health
Planning, Monitoring, and Evaluation. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.),
Evans, R. (2010). Fourth stage of labour and postpartum period. In R. Evans, M.

Evans, Y. Brown, & S. Orshan. Canadian maternity, newborn and womens
health nursing: Comprehensive care across the life span. (pp. 703-736).
Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer/ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Johnson.M. & Ciofoni, L. (2010). The Healthy Newborn. In R. Evans, M. Evans, Y.

Brown, & S. Orshan. Canadian maternity, newborn and womens health
nursing: Comprehensive care across the life span. (pp. 853-890). Philadelphia,
PA: Wolters Kluwer/ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Liefer, G. (2008). Maternity Nursing: An Introductory Text. (11th Ed.,). St. Louis, MO:
Elsevier.
Shookner, M. Scott, C., Vollman, A., & Hofmeyer, A. (2012). Creating supportive
environments for health: the role of social networks. In A. Vollman, E.
Anderson, & J. McFarlane Canadian Community as Partner: Theory &
Multidisciplinary Practice (3rd ed., pp. 87-102). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Shookner, M. Scott, C., Vollman, A., & Hofmeyer, A. (2012). Creating supportive
Anderson, & J. McFarlane Canadian Community as Partner: Theory &
Multidisciplinary Practice (3rd ed., pp. 87-102). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/
16
Health Promotion. In M. Stanhope, J. Lancaster, H. Jessup-Falcioni, & G.
Viverais-Dresler Community Health Nursing in Canada (2nd ed., pp. 107-150).
Walker, M. (2006). Breastfeeding Management for the Clinician: Using the Evidence.
Sudbury MA: Jones & Bartlett.
Zaichkin, J., & Askin, D. (2010). The Healthy Newborn. In R. Evans, M. Evans, Y.
Brown, & S. Orshan. Canadian maternity, newborn and womens health
nursing: Comprehensive care across the life span. (pp. 773-851). Philadelphia,
PA: Wolters Kluwer/ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
17
Components of Health Resources
Promotion
The community health

nurse:
1.1 Public Health Agency of Canada. What Determines

Health? (May 2010). Retrieved from http://www.phac-
aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/determinants/index-eng.php
Identifies the determinants
of health Mikkone, J. & Raphael, D. (2010). Social Determinants
of Health: The Canadian Facts. Retrieved from
http://www.thecanadianfacts.org/
Multimedia:
Social Determinants of Health: The Canadian Facts

[video] 3:53 minutes
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GMw_7AWEg4A
1.2 See Recommended Readings: Brown, H., &

McPherson. (2012). Maternal and Child Health. In L.
Stamler & L. Yiu (pp. 256-259).
Assesses the health status
of the individual or family
across the lifespan within
the context of the
determinants of health for
the following:
18
1.2a Health Canada (2011). Canadas Food Guide to
Healthy Eating. Retrieved from http://www.hc-sc.
gc.ca/fn-an/food-guide-aliment/index_e.html
child-bearing family,
prenatal period Public Health Agency of Canada. Division of Childhood
and Adolescence. Retrieved from http://www.phac-
comprehensive aspc.gc.ca/hp-ps/dca-dea/index-eng.php
prenatal assessment
Public Health Agency of Canada, Healthy Pregnancy:
For Health Professionals. Retrieved from http://www.
phac-aspc.gc.ca/hp-gs/prof-eng.php
Public Health Agency of Canada. (October 2009) Oral

Health. Retrieved from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-
vs/oral-bucco/index-eng.php
Public Health Agency of Canada. (June 2010).

Violence and Abuse. Retrieved from http://www.hc-
sc.gc.ca/hc-ps/violence/index-eng.php
Best Start.
Healthy Mothers, Healthy Babies
Breastfeeding Web Course. Retrieved from http://
www.beststart.org/courses/
Immunization Schedule for Infants & Children (updated

September 2010) Retrieved from http://www.phac-
aspc.gc.ca/im/is-cv/index-eng.php
Perinatal Services BC. (November 2012). Clinical

Practice Guidelines. Retrieved from http://www.
perinatalservicesbc.ca/Guidelines/default.htm
1.2b Public Health Agency of Canada. (March 2013).

Immunization Schedule for Infants & Children.
child-bearing family, Retrieved from http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/im/
ptimprog-progimpt/table-1-eng.php
postpartum period
Public Health Agency of Canada. Division of Childhood
comprehensive and Adolescence. Retrieved from http://www.phac-
postnatal aspc.gc.ca/hp-ps/dca-dea/index-eng.php
assessment
Public Health Agency of Canada. (October 2009) Oral
Health. Retrieved from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-vs/
oral-bucco/index-eng.php
1.2c Best Start. Healthy Mothers, Healthy Babies

Breastfeeding Web Course. Retrieved from http://
www.beststart.org/courses/
parenting Middlesex-London Health Unit. Breastfeeding.
Retrieved from http://healthunit.com/breastfeeding.
parenting skills aspx
19
growth and Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (2003).
development Breastfeeding Best Practice Guidelines for Nurses.
Retrieved from http://www.rnao.org/Page.asp?PageID
family functioning =924&ContentID=795
WHO Growth and Development Tools:
http://www.chnc.ca/documents/Collaborative
StatementWHOGrowthCharts.pdf
http://www.chnc.ca/documents/DC_HealthPro
GrowthGuideE_BW.pdf
http://www.chnc.ca/documents/CI_Feb2010_growth
_charts_eng.pdf
http://www.chnc.ca/documents/FinalENGLearning
PkgePromoDec22.pdf
Public Health Agency of Canada. (January 2011).

1.2d Attachment-Connecting to Your Child. Retrieved from
http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/hp-ps/dca-dea/cht-sse/
infant attachment-attachement/index-eng.php
World Health Organization. (2013). Guidelines for the

immunization status safe preparation, storage and handling of powdered
infant feeding infant formula. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/
safety and security foodsafety/publications/micro/pif2007/en/index.
attachment html
infant behaviour Public Health Agency of Canada. (2011). A Parents
Guide to Immunization. Retrieved from http://www.
phac-aspc.gc.ca/im/iyc-vve/pgi-gpv/index-eng.php
BCCDC. (2008). Immunization Communication Tool for

Immunizers. Retrieved from http://www.bccdc.ca/NR
/rdonlyres/DADA3304-7590-48AC-8D2C-65D54ADF
C77E/0/CDC_IC_Tool.pdf
Public Health Agency of Canada. (2006). Canadian

Immunization Guide (pp 93-94). Retrieved from http://
www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cig-gci/index-eng.php
Canadian Pediatric Society. (2013). Position

Statements and Practice Points. Retrieved from
http://www.cps.ca/en/documents
Health Canada. Nutrition for Healthy Term Infants.

Retrieved from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/
nutrition/infant-nourisson/index-eng.php
Canadian Society of Exercise Physiology. Physical

Activity across the Lifespan. Retrieved from http://
www.csep.ca/english/view.asp?x=804
20
1.2e Human Resources and Skill Development Canada
(April 2004). A Canada Fit for Children. Retrieved from
http://www.canadiancrc.com/PDFs/Canadas_Plan_A
children ction_April2004-EN.pdf
immunization status Public Health Agency of Canada (2006). Canadian

nutrition Immunization Guide (pp 93-94). Retrieved from http://
physical activity www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cig-gci/index-eng.php
safety and security Safe Kids Canada. Injury Prevention and Safety for
behaviour Infants Children and Youth. Retrieved from
growth and http://www.safekidscanada.ca/Professionals/Docum
development ents/34968-GoodPracticeGuide.pdf
socialization
Multimedia:
screening
self-esteem Canada Food Guide also has PowerPoint presentations
peer relations to view at http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/food-guide-
aliment/educ-comm/resource-ressource-eng.php
Flash player presentation: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-

an/food-guide-aliment/tour/food_guide_en.swf
Dietitians of Canada evidence based nutrition

resources. Retrieved from http://www.dietitians.ca/
Public Health Agency of Canada. (2003). Sexual Health

Education. Retrieved from http://www.phac-aspc. gc.
ca/ publicat/cgshe-ldnemss/pdf/guidelines-eng.pdf
1.2f Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (2010).

Enhancing Adolescent Development. Retrieved from
http://www.rnao.org/Page.asp?PageID=924&Content
youth ID=800
immunization status Department of Justice. (2010). Age of Consent for

nutrition Sexual Activity. Retrieved from http://www.juhttp://
physical activity www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/other-autre/clp/faq.
htmlstice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/other-autre/clp/faq.html
safety and security
growth and The Canadian Medical Protective Association. (2010).
development Age of Consent for Sexual Activity and Duty to Report.
body image Retrieved from https://www.cmpa-acpm.ca/
self-esteem cmpapd04/docs/resource_files/perspective/2010/02/
com_p1002_10-e.cfm
peer and adult
relationships Public Health Agency of Canada.(2006). Canadian
sexuality Immunization Guide (pp 93-94). Retrieved from http://
work www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cig-gci/index-eng.php
21
1.2g Public Health Agency of Canada. (June, 2010).
Chronic Disease. Retrieved from http://www.phac-
aspc.gc.ca/cd-mc/index-eng.php
adult
Public Health Agency of Canada. (2006). Canadian
immunization status Immunization Guide (pp. 94). Retrieved from http://
nutrition www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cig-gci/index-eng.php
physical activity
Multimedia:
safety and security
literacy 23 and 1/2 hours: What is the single best thing we can
relationships do for our health? by Dr. Mike Evans (2011). Video, 9
housing min. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUaInS6HI
food security Go
work
finances
sexuality
1.2h Public Health Agency of Canada. ( 2013). Aging and

Seniors. Retrieved from http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/
seniors-aines/index-eng.php
older adult
See Recommended Readings: Martin, L. (2012).
immunization status Older Adult Health. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.)
nutrition
Public Health Agency of Canada (2006). Canadian
physical activity
Immunization Guide. Retrieved from http://www.phac
safety and security -aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cig-gci/index-eng.php
relationships
housing Multimedia:
food security
Use of prescription medication by seniors in Canada.
finances
Canadian Institute of Health Information, 2011.
sexuality Video, 4 min. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u
activities of daily MneTH2GJgs
living
1.3 For 1.3a-1.3h, see Supporting Literature for

1.2a-1.2h, as well as Recommended Readings.
Implements individual and
family level health
promotion strategies based Multimedia:
on the Population Health
Family Assessments in Community Health (2010)
Promotion Model for the video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p77hAbld
following: XvU
22
1.3a Breastfeeding Committee for Canada. (2012). The
Baby-Friendly Initiative (BFI) in Canada: Status Report.
Retrieved from http://breastfeedingcanada.ca/
child-bearing family, documents/BFI_Status_report_2012_FINAL.pdf
prenatal care
facilitating access to
prenatal care
promoting baby-
friendly initiatives
1.3b Best Start. Healthy Mothers, Healthy Babies

Breastfeeding Web Ccourse. Retrieved from
http://www.beststart.org/courses/
postpartum care Registered Nurses Association of Ontario. (RNAO).
Breastfeeding Best Practice Guidelines for Nurses
breastfeeding (2003). Retrieved from http://www.rnao.org/
support Page.asp?PageID=924&ContentID=795
anticipatory Public Health Agency of Canada. (2011). Joint
guidance Statement on Safe Sleep. Retrieved from http://
smoke-free home www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/hp-ps/dca-dea/stages-etapes
SIDS prevention /childhood-enfance_0-2/sids/jsss-ecss-eng. php
building individual
and family capacity Public Health Agency of Canada (2010). A Babys Safe
Sleep Environment Handout. Retrieved from
http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/hp-ps/dca-dea/stages-
etapes/childhood-enfance_0-2/sids/bsse-essb-
eng.php
1.3c See Additional Readings: Allender, J., Rector, C., &

Warner, K. (2010). Maternal-child health: working
with perinatal, infant, toddler, and preschool clients.
child-bearing family, (pp. 577-580).
parenting
See Additional Readings: Allender, J., Rector, C., &
parenting education Warner, K. (2010). Maternal-child health: working
safety with perinatal, infant, toddler, and preschool clients.
(pp. 577-580).
family nutrition
facilitating access to
community
resources
23
1.3d See Additional Readings: Allender, J., Rector, C., &
with perinatal, infant, toddler, and preschool clients
infant (pp. 577-580).
health teaching Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009). A Parents

screening and Guide to Immunization. Retrieved from http://www.
awareness phac-aspc.gc.ca/im/iyc-vve/pgi-gpv/index-eng.php
campaigns on BCCDC. (2008). Immunization Communication Tool
developmental for Immunizers. Retrieved from http://www.bccdc.ca
milestones /NR /rdonlyres/DADA3304-7590-48AC-8D2C-
injury prevention 65D54ADFC 77E/0/CDC_IC_Tool.pdf
and feeding during
the first year Immunization Guide. Retrieved from http://www
immunization .phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cig-gci/index-eng.php
Rourke Baby Record. (2011). Retrieved from

http://www.rourkebabyrecord.ca/
1.3e See Additional Readings: Allender, J., Rector, C., &

with perinatal, infant, toddler, and preschool clients
child (pp. 577-580).
health teaching See Recommended Readings: Lafort-Fliesser, Y.,

screening and MacDougall, C., & Buckland, I. (2012). School Health.
awareness See Recommended Readings: Stanhope, M.,
campaigns on Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais-Dresler,
developmental G. (2010). Working with client as individual: health
milestones and wellness across the lifespan (pp. 411-422).
nutritional needs
Public Health Agency of Canada (2011). A Parents
and injury Guide to Immunization. Retrieved from http://www.
prevention phac-aspc.gc.ca/im/iyc-vve/pgi-gpv/index-eng.php
immunization
collaboration with BCCDC (2008). Immunization Communication Tool
preschool and for Immunizers. Retrieved from http://www.bccdc.ca
/NR/rdonlyres/DADA3304-7590-48AC-8D2C-
school communities 65D54ADFC77E/0/CDC_IC_Tool.pdf
Public Health Agency of Canada. Canadian

Immunization Guide. Retrieved from http://www.
phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cig-gci/index-eng.php
As of November 2013, PHAC notes that the 2006
version is currently under review, and updated
chapters are being added as they become available.
All chapters available at the link above.
Greig Health Record. Retrieved from http://www.

cps.ca/en/tools-outils/greig-health-record
24
Gender Education: http://library.catie.ca/pdf/ATI-
20000s/26289E.pdf
Sexual Health Education in Schools: http://www.

phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cgshe-ldnemss/cgshe_toc-
eng.php
First Nations and Inuit Health Pediatric and Adolescent

Care Clinical Practice Guidelines http://www.hc-
sc.gc.ca/fniah-spnia/services/nurs-infirm/clini/
pediat/index-eng.php
1.3f See Recommended Readings: Lafort-Fliesser, Y.,

MacDougall, C., & Buckland, I. (2012). School Health.
youth See Recommended Readings: Stanhope, M.,
Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais-Dresler,
health teaching G. (2010). Working with client as individual: health
counselling and and wellness across the lifespan (pp. 411-422).
awareness
campaigns on self- Guide to Immunization. Retrieved from http://www.
esteem, body image phac-aspc.gc.ca/im/iyc-vve/pgi-gpv/index-eng.php
and nutrition
peer support BCCDC (2008). Immunization Communication Tool for
immunization Immunizers. Retrieved from http://www.bccdc.ca/NR
/rdonlyres/DADA3304-7590-48AC-8D2C-65D54ADF
lifestyle choices C77E/0/CDC_IC_Tool.pdf
social marketing
collaboration with Public Health Agency of Canada. Canadian
schools and Immunization Guide. Retrieved from http://www.
communities phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cig-gci/index-eng.php
1.3g See Recommended Readings: Stanhope, M.,

Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais-Dresler,
G. (2010). Working with client as individual: Health
adult and wellness across the lifespan (pp. 422-430).
health teaching on Registered Nurses of Ontario (2007). Integration of

work-life balance Smoking Cessation into daily nursing practice.
smoking cessation Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/
nutrition integrating-smoking-cessation-daily-nursing-practice
sexual health First Nations and Inuit Health Adult Clinical Practice
public awareness Guidelines: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fniah-spnia/
campaigns services/nurs-infirm/clini/adult/index-eng.php
25
formal/informal
supports
immunization
1.3h See Recommended Readings: Martin, L. (2012).

Older Adult Health. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.).
older adult See Recommended Reading: Stanhope, M., Lancaster,
J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais-Dresler, G. (2010).
health teaching Working with client as individual: Health and
public awareness wellness across the lifespan. pp. 430-436.
campaigns
Health Canada Just for you seniors. Retrieved from
advocacy http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-vs/jfy-spv/seniors-aines-
outreach eng.php
socialization
bereavement Health Canada. Seniors-Healthy Living. Retrieved from
support http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-vs/seniors-aines/index-
eng.php
immunization
lifestyle choices
1.4
Conducts community
assessments, which
include the following:
1.4a Canadian Patient Safety Institute. Patient/Client

Safety in Home Care in Canada. Retrieved from
http://www.patientsafetyinstitute.ca/English/researc
physical environment h/commissionedResearch/PatientClientSafetyinHome
Care/Pages/default.aspx
home
school Scott, V., Wagar, L., & Elliott, S. (2010). Falls &
workplace Related Injuries among Older Canadians: Fall related
Hospitalizations & Intervention Initiatives. Prepared on
daycare behalf of the Public Health Agency of Canada, Division
community and of Aging and Seniors. Victoria BC: Victoria Scott
recreation facilities Consulting. Retrieved from http://www.
hiphealth.ca/media/research_cemfia_phac_epi_and_i
nventor_20100610.pdf
Canadian Partnership for Childrens Health and

Envrionment. Play It Safe: Childproofing for
Environmental Health. Retrieved from
http://www.healthyenvironmentforkids.ca/sites/
healthyenvironmentforkids.ca/files/cpche-
resources/Brochure_English_8_pages.pdf
26
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario. (2005).
Prevention of Falls and Fall Injuries in the Older Adult.
(Revised). Toronto, Canada: Registered Nurses
Association of Ontario. Retrieved from
http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/prevention-falls-and-
fall-injuries-older-adult
Public Health Agency of Canada (2013). School Health.

Retrieved from http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca /hp-
ps/dca-dea/prog-ini/school-scolaire/
Community Health Assessments Manitoba (2009).

Retrieved from http://www.gov.mb.ca/health/rha
/docs/chag.pdf
1.4b See Recommended Readings: Edmunds, K,. & Iller, E.

(2012). Cultural Diversity. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu
(Eds.)
socio-economic
environment
social
spiritual and
cultural diversity
municipality
services
transportation
food security
employment
1.4c See Recommended Readings: Yiu, L. (2012).

Community Care. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.)
political environment Multimedia:
social programs and Video clip that features a role for Home Care RNs in
services helping patients with chronic illness transition from
policy influence at hospital to community care. 5 min.
http://vimeo.com/17729397
multiple levels of
government Video clip on the Mobile Nurses: Making house calls
to long-term care patients in their homes. Retrieved
from http://www.nursingchannel.ca /programs
/mobile_nurses/index.html
27
1.4d Bergeron, K. (June 2006). Designing Active
Communities Built Environment and Health: The Role
of Community Health Professionals (June 2006). Paper
built environment presented at CHNET-Works, Haliburton, Kwartha,
Pine Ridge, Ontario.
traffic
noise Natural Resources Canada. (2010). Moving Forward
housing on Energy Efficiency in Canada: A Foundation for
Action: The Built Environment. Retrieved from
sanitation http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/com/resoress/publications/
lighting cemcme/buibat-eng.php?PHPSESSID=073470a
roads 3823cd0d4ed11e257b7538178
Public Health Agency of Canada (2011). Supportive

environments for physical activity: how the built
environment affects our health. Retrieved from
http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/hp-ps/hl-mvs/be-eb-
eng.php
1.4e Canadian Partnership for Childrens Health and

Envrionment. Play It Safe: Childproofing for
natural environment http://www.healthyenvironmentforkids.ca/sites/h
ealthyenvironmentforkids.ca/files/cpche-
water quality resources/Brochure_English_8_pages.pdf
air quality
soil Simcoe Muskoka District Health Unit. (2007).
Impact of the Environment on the Health of the
sun Population. Retrieved from http://www.
allergens simcoemuskokahealth.org/Libraries/HU_Library/
BHC_LitReview.sflb.ashx
1.5 Multimedia:
Implements community- Video Population Health: Donna 7:11 min

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9tqlgWF-e-c
level health promotion
strategies based on the Population Health: Diana 7:05 min
Population Health http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XgZyB3rwMRs&fe
Promotion Model for the ature=relmfu
following:
Population Health: Keith and Allison 5:21 min
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zpJ0gyXGh_o&fea
ture=relmfu
Changing our Picture of Health 20:43 minutes

http://www.changingourpictureofhealth.ca/
28
1.5a Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., &
Viverais-Dresler, G. Health promotion: Health and
Wellness Across the Lifespan. In M. Stanhope, J.
physical environment Lancaster, H. Jessup-Falcioni, & G. Viverais-Dresler
Community Health Nursing in Canada (2nd ed., pp.
hand hygiene 107-150). Toronto: Pearson Canada.
stations
social marketing
advocacy
1.5b See Recommended Reading: Stamler, L., & Gabriel, A.

(2012). Poverty and Homelessness (pp 420-433).
socio-economic Povnet. (2011). Building an online anti-poverty
environment community: Anti-Poverty Strategies in Canada and
Elsewhere. Retrieved from http://www.povnet.
meal programs org/node/4607
advocacy for access
to transportation
anti-poverty
campaigns involving
diverse groups in
resource
development
1.5c
political environment
mobilizing
community action
committee
participation
1.5d See 1.4d as well as Additional Reading- Shookner, M.

Scott, C., Vollman, A., & Hofmeyer, A. (2012).
Creating supportive environments for health: the role
built environment of social networks
advocating for Health Canada. (2011). Road Traffic and Air Pollution.
lighting on walking Retrieved from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-vs/iyh-
vsv/environ/traf-eng.php
trails
road safety Government of Canada. (2011). Road and Motor
bike lanes Vehicle Safety. Retrieved from http://www.tc.
accessibility gc.ca/eng/roadsafety/menu.htm
29
1.5e Health Canada. (2011). Healthy Living-Sun Safety.
Retrieved from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-vs/sun-
sol/index-eng.php
natural environment
Health Canada. (2011). Proper Use and Disposal of
education on safe Medication. Retrieved from http://www.hc-sc.gc
food preparation and .ca/hl-vs/iyh-vsv/med/disposal-defaire-eng.php
sun safety
organizing a process
for safe medication
disposal promoting
conservation and
recycling
1.6 See Additional Readings: Edmunds, N., Etowa, J.,

Peterson, W., & Kennedy, M. (2012). Community
Health Planning, Monitoring, and Evaluation In L.
Evaluates the impact of Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.) (pp. 236-241).
health promotion
strategies
measure outcomes
through surveys,
focus groups, and
surveillance data
30
Competencies 1.7-1.21: Prevention and Health
Protection
Study Tip
Focus your studying on what is included in the competencies, e.g., not all
communicable diseases are listed.
When reviewing transmission of infection, consider how transmission is

specific to the diseases listed.
When studying the signs and symptoms, be able to recognize the disease from
fdsfdf a list of symptoms.
Apply the chain of infection to each disease. How would you break the chain
of infection for each disease?
Many local health units post fact sheets and information about various
communicable diseases on their websites.
Bourne, L. (2010). Policy making and community health advocacy. In J. Allender, C.
Rector & K. Warner. Community Health Nursing: Promoting and protecting the
Publics Health. (7th ed., pp. 353-372). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/
Marchant-Short, S., Whitney, L., (2012). Communicable diseases. In L. Stamler & L.

Yiu (Eds.) Community Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective (3rd ed., pp.
189-212). Toronto: Pearson Canada.
Edge, D. ( 2012). Epidemiology, demography, and community health. In A. Vollman,

E. Anderson, & J. McFarlane, Canadian Community as Partner: Theory &
Multidisciplinary Practice (3rd Ed., pp. 44-70). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/
Heymann, D. V. (2008). Control of communicable diseases manual (19 th ed.).

Washington, DC: American Public Health Association.
Shookner, M., Scott, C., Vollman, A., & Hofmeyer, A. (2012). Creating supportive
Anderson, & J. McFarlane, Canadian Community as Partner: Theory &
Multidisciplinary Practice (3rd Ed., pp. 71-86). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/
31
Stamler, L. (2012). Epidemiology. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.), Community Health

Nursing: A Canadian Perspective (3rd ed., pp. 139-154). Toronto: Pearson
Canada
Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais, G. (2011).

Epidemiological Application. Community Health Nursing in Canada. (2nd ed.,
pp. 220-253). Toronto: Elsevier Canada.
Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais, G. (2011). Health
program planning and evaluation. Community Health Nursing in Canada. (2nd
ed., pp. 286-308). Toronto: Elsevier Canada.
Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais, G. (2011). Disaster
Management. Community Health Nursing in Canada. (2nd ed., pp. 500-520).
Toronto: Elsevier Canada.
Vollman, A. (2012). Implementing a community health program. In A. Vollman, E.

Multidisciplinary Practice (3rd Ed., pp.307-324). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/
Vollman, A. (2012). Community profile: exemplar health district. In A. Vollman, E.

Multidisciplinary Practice (3rd Ed., pp.349-369). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/
Additional Readings
Grimes, D. (2011). Communicable Diseases. In M. Nies, & M. McEwen, Community
health nursing: Promoting the health of populations (5th ed., pp.489-515).
Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders.
Public Health Agency of Canada. (2006). Canadian Immunization Guide. Ottawa:

Author. Retrieved from www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cig-gci/index.html.
Scott, C., Gail, MacKean, G., & Maloff, B. Strengthening community action: public
participation and partnerships for health. (2012). In A. Vollman, E. Anderson,
& J. McFarlane, Canadian Community as Partner: Theory & Multidisciplinary
Practice (3rd Ed., pp. 103-124). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/ Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins.
Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais, G. (2011). Evidence-
informed practice in community health nursing. Community Health Nursing in
Canada. (2nd ed., pp. 151-161). Toronto: Elsevier Canada.
Vollman, A. (2012). Communicable and infectious disease prevention and control. In

A. Vollman, E. Anderson, & J. McFarlane, Canadian Community as Partner:
Theory & Multidisciplinary Practice (3rd Ed., pp. 526-572). Philadelphia: Wolters
Kluwer/ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
32
Components of Resources
Prevention and Health
Recommended for learners in this area: PHAC Skills
Protection
Online courses. Retrieved from http://www.phac-
aspc.gc.ca/php-psp/ccph-cesp/descriptions-
eng.php - intro
The community health General resources:

nurse:
Orientation to Public Health Nursing BC
http://www.health.gov.bc.ca/library/publications/y
ear/2000/Public_Health_Nursing_Manual.pdf
Transition to Public Health Nursing Ontario, Algoma

Public Health (2008). Retrieved from http:
//www.chnig.org/documents/Members%20Area/W
hats%20New/transitiontophnursing_1_sm.pdf
1.7 See Recommended Readings: Edge, D. (2012).

Epidemiology, demography, and community
health (pp. 51-52).
Recognizes the continuum
of prevention Community Heath Nurses of Canada (2012).
Public Health Nursing: Primary Prevention of
primary Chronic Diseases. Retrieved from http://chnc.
secondary ca/documents/2012MayCHNCCDPReport.pdf
tertiary Stamler, L. (2012). Epidemiology. In L. Stamler
& L. Yiu (Eds.), Community Health Nursing: A
Canadian Perspective (3rd ed., pp. 139-154).
Merchant-Short, S. & Whitney, L.. (2012).

Communicable Diseases. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu
(Eds.), Community Health Nursing: A Canadian
Perspective (3rd ed., pp. 189-212). Toronto:
Pearson Canada.
Multimedia:
Primary Health Care in Community Health

Nursing. By Nursing Education Resources.
10 min http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
Lk3qnb6gekU
1.8
Applies appropriate level of

preventive intervention
33
1.9 Warren, C., Heale, R., Battle Haugh, E. & Yiu, L.
(2012). Nursing roles, functions and practice
settings. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.), Community
Collaborates with Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective (3rd ed., pp.
individuals, groups, families 42-60). Toronto: Pearson Canada.
and communities to reduce
potential health risks Yiu, L. (2012). Community Care. In L. Stamler & L.
Yiu (Eds.), Community Health Nursing: A Canadian
Perspective (3rd ed., pp. 213-235). Toronto: Pearson
Canada.
Multimedia:
Family Assessment in Community Health Nursing.

By Nursing Education Resources. 10 min
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p77hAbldXvU
1.10 See Recommended Readings: Marchant-Short,

S., Whitney, L., (2012). Communicable
diseases.
Uses multiple sources of
data to assess changes in
community health status:
1.10a Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., &

Viverais, G. (2011). Working with the Community.
Community Health Nursing in Canada. (2nd ed., pp.
observational data 267-273). Toronto: Elsevier Canada.
trends Yiu, L. (2012). Community Care. In L. Stamler & L.

unusual events Yiu (Eds.), Community Health Nursing: A Canadian
community-identified Perspective (3rd ed., pp. 213-235). Toronto: Pearson
concerns Canada.
windshield survey
10b See Recommended Readings: Marchant-Short, S.,

Whitney, L., (2012). Communicable diseases.
client records
number of visits
trends
outcomes
34
1.10c See Recommended Readings: Marchant-Short, S.,
Whitney, L., (2012). Communicable diseases.
organization records and
reports
number of influenza
cases
hospital emergency
visits
1.10d Yiu, L. (2012). Community Care. In L. Stamler & L.

key community members Canada.
and agencies
key informant
interviews
surveys
focus groups
1.10e Stamler, L. (2012). Epidemiology. In L. Stamler & L.

epidemiological data Canada.
incidence rates Immunization coverage information can be found

prevalence online at BC Centre for Disease Control
immunization rates http://www.bccdc.ca/imm-vac/BCImmunizationCov
/default.htm.
medical health officer
reports
active and passive
surveillance data
1.10f See Recommended Readings: Vollman, A. (2012).

Community profile: exemplar health district (pp.
350-353).
community profile
Multimedia:
demographics
Epidemiology Public Health By the Numbers. An
Ontario Health Unit discusses how looking at
community data can impact program decisions. 4
min 13 sec. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
rDRr8kpLdug
35
Stats Canada Community Profile Page based on
2011 census. Check out your own community.
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/
2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E
1.10g See Recommended Readings: Stanhope, M.,

Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais, G.
(2011). Evidence-informed practice in community
evidence-informed research health nursing.
1.11 See Recommended Readings: Stanhope, M.,

(2011). Health program planning and evaluation.
Develops a plan of action to
address community health Canadian Partnership for Childrens Health and
status changes Environment. Play It Safe: Childproofing for
http://www.healthyenvironmentforkids.ca/sites/hea
healthy food choices lthyenvironmentforkids.ca/files/cpche-
in schools resources/Brochure_English_8_pages.pdf
safe walking trails

(2011). Health program planning and evaluation.
Implements interventions
to improve the health of Multimedia:
individuals, groups and Community Development in Community Health
communities such as: Nursing. By Nursing Education Resources. 10 min
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UdY-D0Lo9c0
&list=UUv-RIgUBdJK_-VgQ18SumtA&index=3
1.12a See Additional Readings: Scott, C., Gail, MacKean,

G., & Maloff, B. Strengthening community action:
public participation and partnerships for health
strengthening community (2012).
action
Cohen, B. (2012). Population health promotion
advocacy models and strategies.In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.),
Community Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective
coalition building
(3rd ed., pp. 89-108). Toronto: Pearson Canada.
community
organizing Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Retrieved from
screening http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/docs/charter-
chartre/
negotiation/
mediation
36
1.12b See Recommended Readings: Bourne, L. (2010).
Policy making and community health advocacy.
building healthy public Public Health Agency of Canada (2009). Healthy
policy Public Policy. Retrieved from http://www.phac-
aspc.gc.ca/canada/regions/atlantic/work/e_d-
case reporting eng.php
advocacy
coalition building
1.12c See Recommended Readings: Shookner, M., Scott,

C., Vollman, A., & Hofmeyer, A. (2012). Creating
supportive environments for health: the role of social
creating supportive networks.
environments
Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., &
advocacy Viverais, G. (2011). Health Promotion. Community
Health Nursing in Canada. (2nd ed., pp. 113-114;
social 133-134). Toronto: Elsevier Canada.
negotiation/
mediation Public Health Agency of Canada (2003). Harm
marketing reduction and injection drug use-an international
screening comparison study of contextual factors influencing
surveillance
referral the development and implementation of relevant
consultation policies and programs. Retrieved from
collaboration http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/canada/
regions/atlantic/Publications/Scan_injection/Injecti
facilitation on%20Drug%20Use_e.pdf
outreach
harm reduction
1.12d Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., &

Viverais, G. (2011). Health Promotion. Community
Health Nursing in Canada (2nd ed., pp.135-136).
developing personal skills Toronto: Elsevier Canada.
health teaching
advocacy
counselling
harm reduction
1.12e Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., &

Viverais, G. (2011). Health Promotion. Community
Health Nursing in Canada (2nd ed., pp. 136-138).
reorienting health services Toronto: Elsevier Canada.
case reporting
case finding
37
advocacy
surveillance
case coordination
disease or health
event investigation
referral
1.13 BIOTECanada (2010). Vaccines Matter: Talking to

Canadians. Retrieved from http://www.biotech.ca
/uploads/vic/vaccines_8_2010.pdf
Supports individuals and
communities to make Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009). Palliative
informed choices about care information sheet for seniors. Retrieved from
protective and preventive http://www.laservices.ca/docs/articles/Info_Sheets
health measures _Palliative_Care.pdf
Health Canada (2011). Food and Nutrition: Infant

immunization feeding. Retrieved from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-
palliative care an/nutrition/infant-nourisson/index-eng.php
infant feeding
home safety Childrens Safety Association of Canada. Home
safety topics. Retrieved from http://www.
safekid.org/en/component/content/article/2-
uncategorised/16-at-the-home

Guide to Immunization. Retrieved from
http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/im/iyc-vve/pgi-
gpv/index-eng.php
BCCDC (2008). Immunization Communication Tool for

Immunizers. Retrieved from http://www.
bccdc.ca/NR/rdonlyres/DADA3304-7590-48AC-
8D2C-65D54ADFC77E/0/CDC_IC_Tool.pdf
Multimedia:
St. Theresa Point First Nation Community - H1N1

Vaccination Clinic. 4 min 43 seconds
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bv8bVGI-EhM
1.14 Peternelj-Taylor, C., & Woods, P., (2012).

Correctional Health. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.),
Community Health Nursing: A Canadian
Applies the principles of Perspective (3rd ed., pp.395-396). Toronto: Pearson
harm reduction to Canada.
minimize health risks
within the continuum of Multimedia:
prevention
Insite, A Safe Place. Video, 4 min. New York
Times, 2011. http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=RV2TqBFNTac
38
safer sex An overview of the work of Vancouvers Portland
Hotel Society in East End Vancouver, and Insite,
needle exchange Vancouvers harm reduction and supervised safe
safe injection sites injection site. Video, 8 min. http://www.youtube.
intimate partner com/watch?v=n6rWvdOPHXg
violence
The Harm Reduction Model by Canadian Drug
Policy. 6min 14 sec. http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=0meBLCAHFqw&list=PL9094504727A9C03
7&index=5
1.15 The Provincial Centre of Excellence for Child and

Youth Mental Health at CHEO. (2007). Doing more
with program evaluation: A toolkit for conducting
Evaluates protective and program evaluation. Ottawa, ON. Retrieved
preventive health from http://www.excellenceforchildandyouth.ca/abo
interventions designed to ut-learning-organizations/get-
address identified ready/tools/evaluation-toolkit
individual and community
health issues
1.16 Allender, J., Rector, C., & Warner, K., (2010).

Community Health Nursing: Promoting &
Protecting the Publics Health. (7th ed., pp. 208-
Applies the principles of 219). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/ Lippincott
immunization: Williams & Wilkins.
Public Health Agency of Canada . Canadian

Immunization Guide. Retrieved from http://www.
phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cig-gci/index-eng.php
Multimedia:
Video on immunization and herd immunity:

http://www.nhs.uk/Video/Pages/vaccinationani
mation.aspx
Immunization competencies: http://www.phac-

aspc.gc.ca/im/ic-ci/index-eng.php
General information on immunization and

vaccines from Public Health Agency of Canada:
http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/im/index-eng.php
39
1.16a BCCDC (2011). Immunization Manual Section 1B
Informed Consent. Retrieved from
http://www.bccdc.ca/dis-cond/comm-
informed consent manual/CDManualChap2.htm
Canadian Nurses Protective Society. InfoLAWS:

Consent to Treatment. Retrieved from
http://www.cnps.ca/index. php? page=101
1.16b See Recommended Readings: Stamler, L. (2012).

Epidemiology (pp. 143).
screening
1.16c Public Health Agency of Canada (2006). Canadian

immunization guide (pp. 5-6 and pp. 73-79).
Retrieved from www.phac-
contraindications aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cig-gci/index.html
allergies BCCDC (2011). Immunization Manual Section IIB

vaccine components Contraindications and Routine Precautions.
pregnancy Retrieved from http://www.bccdc.ca/dis-
cond/comm-manual/CDManualChap2.htm
1.16d Public Health Agency of Canada (2006). Canadian

immunization guide. Retrieved from www.phac-
aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cig-gci/index.html
vaccine administration and
monitoring Public Health Agency of Canada (2012). Vaccine
Safety: Frequently Asked Questions. Retrieved
safety from http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/im/vs-sv/vs-
documentation faq-eng.php
1.16e Public Health Agency of Canada (2006).

Anaphylactic hypersensitivity to egg and egg-related
antigens. Canadian immunization guide. Retrieved
anaphylaxis from www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cig-
gci/index.html
Public Health Agency of Canada (2006). Part 2:

Vaccine Safety and Adverse Events following
Immunization. Anaphylaxis: Initial Management
in Non-hospital Settings Canadian Immunization
Guide.2006 (pp 80-83).
1.16f Public Health Agency of Canada (2006). Canadian

immunization guide (pp. 33). Retrieved from
www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cig-gci/index.html
cold chain (pp. 33).
40
Public Health Agency of Canada (2007). National
Vaccine Storage and Handling Guidelines for
Immunization Providers. Retrieved from
http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/2007/
nvshglp-ldemv/index-eng.php
BCCDC (2011). Immunization Manual Section VI

Management of Biologicals. Retrieved from
manual/CDManualChap2.htm
1.16g Public Health Agency of Canada (2006). Canadian

immunity related to vaccine
type
1.16h Public Health Agency of Canada (2006). Canadian

types of immunity
Marchant-Short, S., Whitney, L., (2012). Chapter
active 12: Communicable Disease in Community Health
passive Nursing: A Canadian Perspective, 3rd ed. (pp. 203-

cross 204). Pearson Canada: Toronto.
herd BCCDC (2011). Immunization Manual Section VIII
Principles of Immunology. Retrieved from
manual/CDManualChap2.htm
Multimedia:
Passive vs. Active Immunity. 2 min 3 seconds.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PNTDpxsrNGM
1.17 See Recommended Readings: Heymann, D. V.

(2008). Control of communicable diseases manual
(19th ed.).
Identifies communicable
diseases Public Health Agency of Canada Infection Control
Guidelines (by disease): http://www.phac-
aspc.gc.ca/id-mi/index-eng.php
1.17a Public Health Agency of Canada (2006). Canadian

vaccine preventable, e.g.,
41
Multimedia:
pertussis
rubella College of Nurses of Ontario. Infection Prevention and
hepatitis A Control e-learning module. Retrieved from
human http://www.cno.org/prac/learn/modules/infection/t
papillomavirus ransmission/index.htm
1.17b See Recommended Readings: Heymann, D. V.

(2008). Control of communicable diseases manual
(19th ed.).
non-vaccine preventable,
e.g., Lokanc-Diluzio, W., Nelson, A., Wayne, J. L., &
Hettler, J. B. (2012). Sexually Transmitted Infections
HIV and Blood Borne Pathogens. In Stamler, L., & Yiu, L.
hepatitis C (Eds.). Community Health Nursing: A Canadian
Perspective. Prentice Hall: Toronto.
febrile respiratory
illness Minnesota Department of Health (2001). Public
chlamydia Health Interventions: Applications for Public Health
Nursing Practice Manual.
Public Health Agency of Canada (2006). Sexually

Transmitted Infections, Sexual Health Facts and
Information. Retrieved from http://www.phac-
aspc.gc.ca/std-mts/sti-its/index-eng.php
Public Health Agency of Canada (2008). What is

HIV/AIDS? Retrieved from http://www.phac-
aspc.gc.ca/aids-sida/info/index-eng.php
Public Health Agency of Canada (2010). Hepatitis

C. Retrieved from http://www.phac-
aspc.gc.ca/hepc/index-eng.php
Index of diseases and links to more information:

http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/id-mi/index-eng.
php
Multimedia:
Public Health Agency of Canada (2003). STD Self-

Learning Modules. Two case studies with pre and
post test multiple choice questions; clinical slide
gallery. Retrieved from http://www. phac-
aspc.gc.ca/slm-maa/index.html
42
1.17c Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MRSA
Infections. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ mrsa/
health-care acquired Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. VRE.
infections, e.g., Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/HAI/
organisms/vre/vre.html
MRSA
VRE CHICA Canada (2012) Antibiotic Resistant
Organism Resources. Retrieved from http://
www.chica.org/links_aro.php
1.17d Public Health Agency of Canada (2009). West Nile-

Protect Yourself. Retrieved from http://www.phac-
aspc.gc.ca/wn-no/index-eng.php
emerging and resurgent,
e.g., Toronto East General Hospital. FRI. Retrieved from
http://www.tegh.on.ca/bins/content_page.asp?cid=3
West Nile -20-103
hantavirus
Health Canada (2009). Its Your HealthHanta
tuberculosis Viruses. Retrieved from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-
clostridium difficile vs/iyh-vsv/diseases-maladies/hantavirus-eng.php
Public Health Agency of Canada. (2011). TB

Prevention and Control. Retrieved from http://
www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/tbpc-latb/index-eng.php
Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009). Fact Sheet-

C.difficile. Retrieved from http://www.phac-
aspc.gc.ca /id-mi/cdiff-eng.php

Tuberculosis Standards (6th ed). Retrieved from
http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/tbpc-latb/pubs/
tbstand07-eng.php
CHICA Canada (2012). Emerging Infections. Retrieved

from http://www.chica.org/links_emerging_infect.
php
1.17e Public Health Agency of Canada. (2011). Food

Safety. Retrieved from http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca
/fs-sa/index-eng.php
common food-borne
illnesses, e.g., Multimedia:
E. coli infection, Food borne illness series of 4 videos from the

hepatitis A Public Health Agency of Canada:
listeriosis 1) Outbreak Response 3min 52 sec
43
2) Tracking the source 3 min 41 sec
3) Tales from the lab 3 min 18 sec
4) Protecting yourself 2 min 56 sec
http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLE1538BB6E
FF4C05E
1.17f Public Health Agency of Canada (2008). STI pamphlet.

Retrieved from http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/
publicat/std-mts/pubic-eng.php
Parasitic, e.g.,
Health Canada (2009). Bedbugs. Retrieved from
lice http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/pubs/pest/
scabies _pnotes/bedbugs-punaises-lits/index-eng.php
bed bugs
Canadian Pediatric Society (2008). Caring For Kids
Head Lice Handout. Retrieved from http://www.
caringforkids.cps.ca/handouts/head_lice
Canadian Pediatric Society. Head Lice a Clinical

Update. Retrieved from http://www.cps.ca/en/
documents/position/head-lice
1.17g World Health Organization (WHO) (2011). Water

Sanitation and Health: Water and Sanitation
water-borne illnesses, e.g., related disease fact sheets. Retrieved from
http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dis
eases/diseasefact/en/index.html
shigellosis
amebiasis Public Health Agency of Canada. (2011). Food Safety.
cholera Retrieved from http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fs-sa/
giardiasis index-eng.php
1.18
Implements principles of
communicable disease
management related to:
1.18a Stamler, L. (2012). Epidemiology. In L. Stamler & L.

Yiu (Eds.). Community Health Nursing: A Canadian
Perspective (p. 139-154). Prentice Hall: Toronto.
mode of transmission
Communicable Disease. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.).
agent/organism Community Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective
reservoir (pp.190). Prentice Hall: Toronto.
44
portal of exit Multimedia:
portal of entry General Practices to Prevent Transmission of Infection:
susceptible host 6 video series, covering modes of transmission,
reservoirs, susceptible hosts, and a section on
preventing infection in patient with indwelling
devices. While this video targets healthcare workers
who work in long term care settings, the principles
are applicable to nursing in the community. The
videos range in length from 4 to 7 minutes each.
http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL6CCC77A13
6D6B758
1.18b College of Nurses of Ontario (2009). Infection

Prevention and Control. Retrieved from http://www.
cno.org/Global/docs/prac/41002_infection.pdf
infection control
protection of the
public
1.18c Marchant-Short, S., Whitney, L. (2012).

Communicable Disease. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu
(Eds.). Community Health Nursing: A Canadian
active and passive Perspective (p. 203-204). Prentice Hall: Toronto.
surveillance
1.18d Marchant-Short, S., Whitney, L. (2012).

primary, secondary, and Perspective (pp. 204-208). Prentice Hall: Toronto.
tertiary prevention related to Public Health Agency of Canada (2007). Canadian

communicable disease Tuberculosis Standards (6th edition) Chapter 6,
(pp.120-122). Retrieved from http://www.phac-
exposure aspc.gc.ca/tbpc-latb/pubs/ar-eng.php
response to outbreaks Public health Agency of Canada (2010). Canadian

contact tracing Guidelines on STI. Retrieved from http://www.
direct observed phac-aspc.gc.ca/std-mts/sti-its/guide-lignesdir-
eng.php
therapy
45
1.18e Marchant-Short, S., Whitney, L. (2012).
understanding the process Perspective (pp. 203-204). Prentice Hall: Toronto.
and rationale of reportable
communicable diseases
surveillance
1.18f Schepens, B., & Yi, L., (2012). Emergency

Preparedness and Disaster Nursing. In L. Stamler &
L. Yiu (Eds.). Community Health Nursing: A Canadian
outbreak management Perspective 3rd Edition (p.465). Prentice Hall: Toronto.
endemic
epidemic
pandemic disease
1.19 Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H.,

& Viverais, G. (2011). Health Promotion.
Assesses safety and risk as 109-112). Toronto: Elsevier Canada.
they apply to injury
prevention related to: Health Canada. (2007). Senior and Aging. Retrieved
from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-vs/iyh-vsv/life-
client vie/fp-pc-eng.php
environment Refer to Occupational Health and Safety Policies
nurse related to staff safety in your organization.
1.20 Schepens, B., & Yi, L., (2012). Emergency

Preparedness and Disaster Nursing. In L. Stamler &
L. Yiu (Eds.). Community Health Nursing: A Canadian
Identifies community health Perspective 3rd Edition (pp. 463-479). Prentice Hall:
nursing responsibilities Toronto.
throughout the phases of
emergency Multimedia:
preparedness/disaster
Nursing in Disasters (American)
management Retrieved from http://nursingworld.org/
MainMenuCategories/HealthcareandPolicyIssues/DP
R.aspx
Government of Canada. (2013). Emergency

preparedness. Retrieved from http://www.
getprepared.gc.ca/index-eng.aspx
46
1.21 Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H.,
& Viverais, G. (2011). Disaster Management.
Applies nursing 518). Toronto: Elsevier Canada.
interventions to decrease
risk in emergency or Multimedia:
disaster situations
Natural and Man-Made Disasters
This is a U.S. video, but has good overview
triage information about disaster preparedness and
call for backup management. 18 min 38 sec.
self-care http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ocj1o56KmaI
47
Competencies 1.22-1.27: Health Maintenance,
Restoration and Palliation
Study Tip
You will need a current medical-surgical text and Nursing Interventions and
Clinical Skills text.
Organization-specific education manuals could be helpful.
When utilizing the RNAO Best Practice Guidelines, focus your reading on
Definitions, Background, and Practice Recommendation sections of the
document.
Many of the textbooks have a section at the end of each topic chapter that
sometimes provides home care considerations.
we recommend copying and pasting the URL into your web browser as another
strategy for accessing the resource.
For an overview of the generic knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary for the
practice of home health nursing, review the CHNC Home Health Nursing
Competencies, Version 1.0. Retrieved from http://www.chnc.ca/documents/
HomeHealthNursingCompetenciesVersion1March2010.pdf
Lewis, S.L., Heitkemper, M., Dirksen, S., OBrien, P., & Bucher, L. (2010).
Medical-surgical nursing in Canada: Assessment and Management of
Clinical Problems. Toronto, ON: Mosby Elsevier. Community Based
Nursing and Home Care, Chapter 7 pp. 105.
Assessment
Community Based Nursing and Home Care. In Medical-surgical nursing
in Canada: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems. Toronto,
ON: Mosby Elsevier.
Rice, R. (2006). Home care nursing practice: Concepts and application (4th Ed.).
St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Chapter 5 pp. 50-51.
48
Stamler, L. L., & Yiu, L. (2012). Community health nursing: A Canadian
Perspective (3rd Ed.). Toronto: Pearson. Family AssessmentChapter 16,
pp. 271-274.
Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais-Dresler, G.A.

(2011) Working with family. In Community Health Nursing in Canada. St.
Louis, MO: Mosby, pp. 383.
Client Centre Plan of Care
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (2006). Best Practice Guidelines: Client

Centred Care. Toronto, Canada: Registered Nurses Association of
Ontario. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/client-centred-
care
Supplement to Best Practice Guideline for Client Centred Care (2006). Retrieved
from http://rnao.ca/sites/rnao-ca/files/storage/related/933_BPG_
CCCare_Supplement.pdf
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (2006). Best Practice Guideline:

Supporting and Strengthening Families Through Expected & Unexpected
Life Events. Toronto, Canada: Registered Nurses Association of Ontario.
Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/supporting-and-
strengthening-families-through-expected-and-unexpected-life-events
Supplement to Best Practice Guideline for Supporting and Strengthening Families

Through Expected & Unexpected Life Events (2006) Retrieved from
http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/supporting-and-strengthening-families-
through-expected-and-unexpected-life-events

(2011). Community Health Nursing in Canada: Settings, Functions, and
Roles. In Community Health Nursing in Canada. St. Louis, MO: Mosby p.
94.
Caseload Management
Stamler, L. L., & Yiu, L. (2012). Community Health Nursing: A Canadian

Perspective (3rd ed.). Toronto: Pearson. Case Management Chapter 16
p. 277.

(2011) Community Health Nursing in Canada: Settings, Functions, and
Roles. In Community Health Nursing in Canada. St. Louis, MO: Mosby, p.
91.
Rice, R. (2006). Case Management, Collaborative Team practice, and Leadership

Strategies for Home Care Nurses, and, Infection Control in the Home. In
Home Care Nursing Practice: Concepts and Application (4th ed.). St. Louis,
MO: Mosby.
49
Chronic Disease Management
Medical-Surgical Nursing in Canada: Assessment and Management of
Clinical Problems. Toronto, ON: Mosby Elsevier. Chapter 2-Chronic
Illness
Chapters 33, 34, 35, 36-Problems with Oxygenation Perfusion,
Chapter 48-Nursing Management: Acute Kidney and Chronic Kidney
Disease, pp. 1274-1309.
Chapter 42 Nursing Management of Obesity. pp. 1046-1053.
Potter, P.A., & Perry, A. (2010). Cardiopulmonary Functioning and Oxygenation.

In Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing (Revised 4th ed., pp 879-932). J.C.
Ross-Kerr & M.J. Wood (Eds.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario. (2010) Strategies to Support Self-

Management in Chronic Conditions: Collaboration with Clients BPG.
Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/strategies-support-
selfmanagement-chronic-conditions-collaboration-clients
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (2009). Best Practice Guideline for the
Subcutaneous Administration of Insulin in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.
Toronto, Canada: Registered Nurses Association of Ontario. Retrieved
from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/bpg-subcutaneous-administration-
insulin-adults-type-2-diabetes
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario. (2009). Decision Support for Adults

Living with Chronic Kidney Disease. Toronto, Canada. Registered Nurses
Association of Ontario. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/
decision-support-adults-living-chronic-kidney-disease
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario. (2005). Revised 2010. Best Practice

Guideline, Nursing Care of Dyspnea: The 6th Vital Sign in Individuals with
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Supplement and Teaching Fact
Sheet. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/dyspnea
Rice, R. (2006). Home Care Nursing Practice: Concepts and Application (4th ed.).
St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Chapter 15: The Patient with Diabetes
Chapter 12: The Patient with Chronic Heart Failure
Chapter 19: The Patient with Cancer
Chapter 11: The Patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

(2011). Working with Clients as Individuals: Health and Wellness Across
the Lifespan. In Community Health Nursing in Canada. St. Louis, MO,
p.438.
50
Activities of Daily Living
Potter, P.A., & Perry, A. (2010). Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing (Revised 4th
ed.). J.C. Ross-Kerr & M.J. Wood (Eds.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Chapter
14-Planning and Implementing Nursing Care. P. 194 (ADLs) and p.195
(IADLs) and Chapter 38 Hygiene, pp. 829-878.
Newborn and Post Partum Complications
Hockenberry, M., & Wilson, D. (2011). Wongs nursing care of infants and
children. St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Pp. 264 and 288.
Registered Nurses of Ontario (RNAO) (2009). Assessment and care of adults at

risk for suicidal ideation and behaviour. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/
bpg/guidelines/assessment-and-care-adults-risk-suicidal-ideation-and-
behaviour
Palliative and End-of-Life Care
Potter, P.A., & Perry, A. (2010). Pain and Comfort. In Canadian Fundamentals of
Nursing (Revised 4th ed.). J.C. Ross-Kerr & M.J. Wood (Eds., pp.1009-
1042). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
RNAO (2011). BPG End of Life Care During the Last Days and Hours. Retrieved
from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/endoflife-care-during-last-days-
and-hours
Zerwekh, J. (2006). Nursing Care at the End of Life: Palliative Care for Patients
and Families. Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Company.
Chapter 14 - Comforting and the Essential of Pain Relief at the End of
Life
Chapter 15 - Medicating for Pain at the End of Life
Chapter 16 - Management of Physical Nonpain Symptoms
Chapter 17- Caring in Different Settings when Death is Imminent, p.
437.
Pain Management
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (2007). BPG for Assessment and

Management of Pain. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines
/assessment-and-management-pain
Supplement for BPG for Assessment and Management of Pain. Retrieved from
http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/assessment-and-management-pain
Nutrition
51
Clinical Problems. Toronto, ON: Mosby Elsevier. Chapter 44: Nursing
Management Nutritional problems, pp. 1029-1039.
42 Nutrition p. 1071 Box 43-9.
Elimination
Clinical Problems. Toronto, ON: Mosby Elsevier. Chapter 44, Nursing
Management: Lower Gastrointestinal Problems, pp. 1148-1149.
or
45: pp. 1170, 1176-1181.
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (2011). Prevention of Constipation in

the Older Adult Population. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines
/prevention-constipation-older-adult-population
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (2009). Best Practice GuidelineS:

Ostomy Care and Management. Toronto, Canada: Registered Nurses
Association of Ontario. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines
/ostomy-care-management
RNAO (2011). BPG Promoting Continence Using Prompted Voiding. Retrieved

from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/promoting-continence-using-
prompted-voiding
St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Chapter 16: The Patient with Bladder Dysfunction
(pp. 291-295).
Skin and Wound
Bryant, R. A., & Nix, D.P. (2012). Acute & Chronic Wounds: Nursing Management
(4th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
Chapter 4 - Wound Healing Physiology
Chapter 5 - Types of Skin Damage and Differential Diagnosis
Chapter 6 - Skin and Wound Inspection and Assessment, pp. 108-116
Chapter 7 - Pressure Ulcer Classification (Staging), pp. 133 and Reverse
Staging, pp. 134.
Chapter 16 - Infection, pp. 273.
52
RNAO (2007) BPG Assessment and Management of Stage I to IV Pressure Ulcers.
Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/assessment-and-
management-stage-i-iv-pressure-ulcers
RNAO (2004). BPG Assessment and Management of Venous Leg Ulcers. Retrieved
from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/assessment-and-management-
venous-leg-ulcers
Infusion Therapy
Gorski, L. (2005) Pocket Guide to Home Infusion Therapy
ed.). J.C. Ross-Kerr & M.J. Wood (Eds.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
Chapter 34 - Medication administration, pp. 739-755 and Chapter 40 -
Fluid Electrolyte and Acid Base Balances, pp. 955-986.
Potter, P.A., & Perry, A. (2010) Clinical Nursing Skills & Techniques 7 th ed
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (2005). Revised 2008 Best Practice

Guidelined: Care and Maintenance to Reduce Vascular Access
Complications. Toronto, Canada: Registered Nurses Association of
Ontario. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/care-and-
maintenance-reduce-vascular-access-complications
RNAO (2008). BPG Assessment and Device Selection for Vascular Access.
Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/assessment-and-device-
selection-vascular-access
St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Chapter 3 and Chapter 22: The Patient Receiving
Home Infusion Therapies
Airway Management
Clinical Problems. Toronto, ON: Mosby Elsevier. Chapter 28, pp. 610-616.
or
39 Skill 39-2 Care of an Artificial Airway pp. 914-919.
St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Chapter 11 pp. 176-181 & Chapter 13: The
Ventilator-Dependent Patient.
53
Infection Control
Association of Professionals in Infection Control (APIC)Healthcare Infection

Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). (2008). Surveillance
definitions for home health care and home hospice infections.
Canadian Council on Health Services Accreditation (CCHSA).. Standards:

Infection Prevention and Control. Retrieved from http://www.accreditation
.ca/accreditation-programs/qmentum/standards/infection-prevention-
and-control/
Provincial Infectious Diseases Advisory Committee (PIDAC). (2010). Best

Practices for Infection Prevention and Control Programs in Ontario: In all
health care settings. Retrieved from http://www.virox.com/msds/
pdf/PIDACBestPractices.pdf
St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Chapter 6: Infection Control in the Home.
Supporting Informed Choices
Power of Attorney Kit, p.14. Retrieved from http://www.attorneygeneral.jus.gov.

on.ca/english/family/pgt/poa.pdf
Powers Of Attorney and Living Wills Retrieved from http://www.attorney

general.jus.gov.on.ca/english/family/pgt/livingwillqa.pdf
Canadian Nurses Protective Society. (2001). Community & Public Health Nursing
and the Law.
Canadian Nurses Protective Society. Consent to Treatment: The Role of the

Nurse.
College of Nurses of Ontario. (January 2004). Practice Guideline: Consent.
Dunbrack, Janet (2006) Advanced Care Planning: the Glossary Project. Final
Report. Health Canada, August 2006.
Health Law Institute, Dalhousie University (2002) Advance Directives

Provincial/Territorial Legislation at a Glance
RNAO (2010). BPG Strategies to Support Self-Management in Chronic Conditions:

Collaboration with Clients. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/
guidelines/strategies-support-selfmanagement-chronic-conditions-
collaboration-clients
RNAO (2006). BPG: Client Centered Care. Retrieved December 17, 2010 from
http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/client-centred-care
54
Zerwekh, J. (2006). Nursing Care at the End of Life: Palliative care for patients
and families. Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Company. Unit #6.
Delegation
For example: College of Nurses of Ontario: Guidelines for RN and RPN Working
with Unregulated Care Providers. (2011). Retrieved from
http://www.cno.org/Global/docs/prac/41014_workingucp.pdf
Canadian Nurses Association. (2008). Unregulated Health Workers: A Canadian

and Global Perspective. Ottawa. Retrieved from http://www.cna-aiic.ca
/sitecore%20modules/web/~/media/cna/page%20content/pdf%20en/2
013/09/04/16/27/18%20-%20unregulated_health_workers_04_2008_e.
pdf
Canadian Nurses Protective Society. (2000). Delegation to other health care

workers. Info law, 9(2). Retrieved from http://www.cnps.ca/index.php?
page=90
Additional Readings
Canadian Hospice Palliative Care Association. (2009). Canadian Standards for

Hospice Palliative Care Nursing. Retrieved from http://www.chpca.net/
media/7505/Canadian_Hospice_Palliative_Care_Nursing_Standards_2009
.pdf
Canadian Hospice Palliative Care Association. (2013). Fact sheet: Hospice

Palliative Care in Canada. Retrieved from http://www.chpca.net/media
/319587/fact_sheet_hpc_in_canada_fall_2013_final.pdf
Nies, M. A., & McEwen, M. (2011). Community Health Nursing: Promoting the
health of populations (5th Ed.). Philadelphia, PA: W. B. Saunders. Chapter
33 - Home Health and Hospice.
Potter, P.A., & Perry, A. Elkin, M (2012). Nursing Interventions and Clinical Skills
Revised 5th Ed., St. Louis, MO: Mosby various chapters. They have
vascular access, elimination, etc Chapter 24 - Wound Care and
Irrigation.
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario. (2005). Best Practice Guideline,

Primary Prevention of Childhood Obesity. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/
bpg/guidelines/primary-prevention-childhood-obesity
Rice, R. (2000). Manual of Home Health Nursing Procedures (2nd ed.). St. Louis,
MO: Mosby.
Chapter 1 - Infection Control
Chapter 3 - Therapeutic Nursing Procedures ADLs
Chapter 4 - Oxygen/Ventilator Management, Tracheotomy
55
Chapter 5 - Wound care
Chapter 6 - Ostomy care /G-tubes etc.
Chapter 8 - Intravenous Therapy Procedures
Chapter 13 - Catheterizations
Chapter 15 - Emergency Procedures in the Home
Chapter 16 - Case Managing the Home Environment
56
Resources
Components of Health
Maintenance, Restoration
and Palliation

nurse:
1.22 Potter, P.A., & Perry, A. (2010). Canadian

Fundamentals of Nursing (Revised 4th Ed.). J.C. Ross-
Kerr & M.J. Wood (Eds.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
Assesses health needs of Nursing Assessment and Diagnosis-Chapter 13, pp.
clients to determine whether 158-177.
community health nursing
interventions are required
surveillance
intake assessments
case findings
environmental
assessment
1.23 Stamler, L. L., & Yiu, L. (2012). Community Health

Nursing: A Canadian Perspective (3rd ed.). Toronto:
Pearson. See section on Home and Community
Develops a client centred Support Services in Chapter 19: Older Adult Health,
plan of care in collaboration pp. 317-320 and section on Home Health Nursing in
with the individual and Chapter 3, pp. 47-49.
family and interprofessional
team Potter, P.A., & Perry, A. (2010). Canadian
Fundamentals of Nursing (Revised 4th ed.). J.C. Ross-
family meetings Section on Planning and Implementing Nursing Care
case conferences in Chapter 14, pp. 178-198.
respite plan
emergency plan Facilitating Client Centred Learning: Health
Education Fact Sheet for Health-Care Providers.
consultation Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/
referrals facilitating-client-centred-learning
1.24 See Recommended Readings for Case Load

Management.
Manages caseload based on
prioritizing:
57
time management
acuity of care
resource allocation
infection control
1.25
Applies the community

health nursing process to
address health maintenance,
health restoration and
palliation needs related to:
1.25a Public Health Agency of Canada. Chronic Diseases.

Retrieved from http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/cd-
mc/index-eng.php\
management of chronic
diseases RNAO (2010). Strategies to Support Self-Management
in Chronic Conditions: Collaboration with Clients.
diabetes Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines
cardiovascular disease /strategies-support-selfmanagement-chronic-
conditions-collaboration-clients
kidney disease
cancer Diabetes
compromised
respiratory system Canadian Diabetes Association (2008). Clinical
obesity Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and
Management of Diabetes in Canada. Section
Management. Retrieved from http://www.diabetes.
ca/files/cpg2008/cpg-2008.pdf
Lewis, S.L., Heitkemper, M., Dirksen, S., OBrien, P.,

& Bucher, L. (2010). Medical-Surgical Nursing in
Canada: Assessment and Management of Clinical
Problems. Toronto, ON: Mosby Elsevier. Chapter 50 -
Nursing Management: Diabetes Mellitus, pp. 1333-
1372.
Cardiovascular Disease
Recovery Road - An information guide for heart

patients and their families. Retrieved from
http://www.heartandstroke.com/atf/cf/%7B99452D
8B-E7F1-4BD6-A57D-B136CE6C95BF%7D/
recovery-road-en.pdf

Nursing Management of Hypertension. Toronto,
Canada. Registered Nurses Association of Ontario.
58
Retrieved from http://www.rnao.ca/sites/rnao-
ca/files/ Nursing_Management_of_Hypertension.pdf
Kidney Disease
Castner, Debra (May 2010). Understanding the Stages

of Chronic Kidney Disease. Nursing 2010, 40 (5), p.
24.
Kidney Foundation of Canada (2006). Living with

Kidney Disease. Retrieved from http://www.kidney.
ca/document.doc?id=237
Cancer
Cancer Care Ontario. Symptom Management Guides.

Retrieved from https://www.cancercare.on.ca/cms/
One.aspx?portalId=1377&pageId=58189
Compromised Respiratory System
Managing Dyspnea in Patients with Advanced COPD-

Clinical Practice Guideline (2011) Retrieved from
http://www.respiratoryguidelines.ca/sites/all/files/2
011_CTS_guideline_COPD_dyspnea.pdf
Obesity
Health Canada Obesity. Retrieved from http://hc-

sc.gc.ca/hl-vs/iyh-vsv/life-vie/obes-eng.php
Canadian Obesity Network Summary Best Practice

Guidelines. Retrieved from http://www.cmaj.ca/
content/176/8/S1.full?etoc
1.25b See Recommended Readings for Activities of Daily

Living.
activities of daily living
physical
instrumental
59
1.25c Stamler, L. L., & Yiu, L. (2012). Community Health
Nursing: A Canadian Perspective (3rd ed.). Toronto:
Pearson. See pp. 257, 258, 275-276.
newborn and postpartum
complications Registered Nurses Association of Ontario. (2009).
Best Practice Guideline, Interventions for Postpartum
depression/psychosis Depression. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/
mastitis guidelines/interventions-postpartum-depression
newborn jaundice Womenshealth.gov. (2009). Depression during and
after pregnancy fact sheet. Retrieved from
http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-
publications/fact-sheet/depression-pregnancy.cfm
BC Reproductive Mental Health Program. (2006).

Addressing perinatal depression: A framework for
BCs health authorities. Retrieved from
http://www.health.gov.bc.ca/library/publications/ye
ar/2006/MHA_PerinatalDepression.pdf
Newman, Jack. (2009). Blocked ducts and mastitis.

Retrieved from http://www.nbci.ca/index.php?
option=com_content&view=category&id=5&layout=bl
og&Itemid=17
PubMed Health (2011). Disease and conditions:

Newborn jaundice. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.
nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002526/
1.25d College of Nurses of Ontario (2009). Guiding

Decisions about End-of-Life Care. Retrieved from
http://ww2.
palliative and end-of-life care cno.org/global/docs/prac/43001_resuscitation.pdf
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (2011). BPG

for End of Life Care During the Last Days and Hours.
Retrieved from Fact Sheet for End of Life Care During
the Last Days and Hours: http://rnao.ca/bpg/
guidelines/endoflife-care-during-last-days-and-hours
Rice, R. (2006). Home Care Nursing Practice: Concepts

and Application (4th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
Chapter 26: The Hospice and Palliative Care Patient.
The Pallium Palliative Pocketbook: (2008) (Revised

2011) A peer-reviewed, referenced resource. The
Pallium Project: to access: Order through or Contact
the Canadian Hospice Palliative Care Association.
Retrieved from http://www.palliativetools.info/
Chapter 2 - Ethics
Chapter 3 - Communication
Chapter 5 - Pain
60
Canadian Virtual Hospice Website: Professional
Resources and Tools. Retrieved from
http://www.virtualhospice.ca/en_US/Main+Site+Nav
igation/Home/For+Professionals/For+Professionals/
Tools+for+Practice.aspx
Cancer Care Ontario. Palliative Care Collaborative

Care Plans End of Life Stages. Retrieved from
https://www.cancercare.on.ca/common/pages/User
File.aspx?fileId=13620
Symptom Management Guides. Retrieved from

https://www.cancercare.on.ca/cms/One.aspx?portal
Id=1377&pageId=58189
1.25e RNAO Best Practice Tool Kit - Resources Pain

Assessment and Management. Retrieved from
http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/assessment-and-
pain management management-pain
acute Patient Education Sheet. BPG for Assessment and

chronic Management of Pain. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca
breakthrough /bpg/guidelines/assessment-and-management-pain
safety related to
medications/
controlled substances
1.25f Enteral Feeding
Potter, P.A., & Perry, A. (2010). Canadian

nutrition Fundamentals of Nursing (Revised 4th ed.). J.C. Ross-
Kerr & M.J. Wood (Eds.) St.Louis, MO: Mosby.
food security Chapter 42: Nutrition pp. 1076-1093
modified diets
hydration and fluid Potter, P.A., & Perry, A. Elkin, M (2012). Nursing
Interventions and Clinical Skills (5th Edition) St.
balance Louis, MO: Mosby Chapter 12, Skill 12.3. pp. 269-
enteral feeding 289.
Modified Diets
Potter, P.A., & Perry, A. Elkin, M (2012). Nursing

Interventions and Clinical Skills. (5th Edition). St.
Louis, MO: Mosby Chapter 12, Table 12-2 pp. 262.
Hydration and Fluid Balance

Fundamentals of Nursing (4th ed.). J.C. Ross-Kerr &
61
M.J. Wood (Eds.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Chapter 40 -
Fluid Electrolyte and Acid Base Balances, pp.933-
986.
1.25g Catheterizations

elimination Fundamentals of Nursing (Revised 4th ed.). J.C. Ross-
constipation Chapter 44: Urinary Elimination, pp.1097-1140.
catheterizations
enterostomal therapy Potter, P.A., & Perry, A. Elkin, M (2012). Nursing
Louis, MO: Mosby. Chapter 18.
Enterostomal therapy

Caring for your Ostomy - Health Education Fact Sheet.
Toronto, ON: Author. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca
/sites/rnao-ca/files/Caring_for_Your_Ostomy.pdf
Adapting to an Ostomy. Retrieved from http://www.

mayoclinic.com/health/ostomy/SA00072
1.25h Potter, P.A., & Perry, A. Elkin, M (2012). Nursing

Louis, MO: Mosby. See Chapter 25 Skill 25-4 Staging
wound care of pressure Ulcers, pp. 340-347.
staging Canadian Wound Care Association: Best Practice

types Articles and Articles of Interest. Retrieved from
healing http://cawc.net/index.php/resources/resources/cli
nical-practice/
skin integrity
signs of infection Rice, R. (2006). Home Care Nursing Practice: Concepts
underlying causes and Application (4th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
Chapter 14: The Patient with Chronic Wounds.

Fundamentals of Nursing (Revised 4th ed.). J.C. Ross-
Kerr & M.J. Wood (Eds.). St.Louis, MO: Mosby
Chapter 47, pp.1239-1289.
Lewis, S.L., Heitkemper, M., Dirksen, S., OBrien, P.,

& Bucher, L. (2010). Medical-Surgical Nursing in
Canada: Assessment and Management of Clinical
Problems. Toronto, ON: Mosby Elsevier. Chapter 13:
Wound Healing, pp. 235, and Staging, pp. 244.
62
1.25i Registered Nurses Association of Ontario. Caring for
Your Patients Receiving Intravenous Therapy e-
learning course. Retrieved from:
infusion therapy http://www.rnao.org/intravenous/
fluid balance Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (2004). Best

medication Practice Guideline: Assessment and Device Selection
administration for Vascular Access. Toronto, ON: Registered Nurses
Association of Ontario. Retrieved from http://rnao.
peripheral and central ca/sites/rnao-ca/files/Assessment_and_Device_
venous access devices Selection_for_Vascular_Access.pdf

Louis, MO: Mosby. Chapter 28.
Weinstein, S (2001) Plumers Principles and practice

of Intravenous Therapy (8th Edition). Philadelphia, PA:
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Chapters 7, 8, 9,
11, 12, 14.
1.25j Home Oxygen

airway management Fundamentals of Nursing (4th ed.). J.C. Ross-Kerr &
M.J. Wood (Eds.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Chapter 39,
home oxygen pp 924-932, and Skill 39-5, Using Home Oxygen
intubation/ Equipment, pp 929-930.
tracheotomy
Home Oxygen Therapy. Retrieved from http://www.
home ventilator yourlunghealth.org/healthy_living/living/home_oxyg
en_therapy/
Intubation/Tracheotomy

Interventions and Clinical Skills. (5th Edition) St.
Louis, MO: Mosby Chapter 14 Skill 14.5, pp. 340-
347.
Home Ventilator
Canadian Thoracic Society- Home Mechanical

Ventilation -Clinical Practice Guideline pp. 26-33, pp.
42-43. Retrieved from http://www.respiratory
guidelines.ca/sites/all/files/2011_CTS_HMV_Guideli
ne.pdf
63
1.25k Community and Hospital Infection Control
Association Canada (2013). Evidence Based
Guidelines. Retrieved from http://www.chica.org
infection control /links_evidence_guidelines.php
health-care acquired Infection Prevention and Control Best Practices for

communicable disease Long Term Care, Home and Community Care including
immunocompromised Health Care Offices and Ambulatory Clinics (2007).
Retrieved from http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/amr-
safe handling/ ram/ipcbp-pepci/infection-eng.php
disposal of products
Annex B: Best Practices for Prevention of
Transmission of Acute Respiratory Infection In All
Health Care Settings. Retrieved from http://www
.publichealthontario.ca/en/eRepository/PIDAC-
IPC_Annex_B_Prevention_Transmission_ARI_
2013.pdf
1.26 Canadian Hospice Palliative Care Association-

Advanced Care Planning Retrieved from
http://www.chpca.net/resource-commons/advance-
Supports the client to make care-planning-resource-commons.aspx
informed choices related to
health care RNAO. Summary of Recommendations: BPG on
Caregiving Strategies for Older Adults with Delirium,
advance directives Dementia and Depression. Retrieved from
http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/caregiving-strategies-
power of attorney older-adults-delirium-dementia-and-depression
1.27
NOTE: Candidates should consult and be familiar
with local regulated nursing or health professions
Demonstrates ability to legislation and regulations and practice guidelines
delegate nursing care from their regulatory colleges.
responsibilities to client,
family or
regulated/unregulated
health-care workers
64
Competencies 2.1-2.6: Capacity Building
Study Tip
Review the description of Capacity Building (Standard 5) in Community

Health Nurses of Canada, (2011). Canadian Community Health Nursing:
Professional Practice Model & Standards of Practice. Toronto: CHNC.
The revised Standard (2011) has a stronger emphasis on social justice issues
in our practice.
Edward, N., Etowa, J., Peterson, W., Kennedy, M., (2012). Community health
planning, monitoring, and evaluation. In Stamler, L., & Yiu, L.,
Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective (3rd ed., pp. 236-252).
Pearson Canada: Toronto.
Peter, E., Sweatman, L. & Carlin, K., (2012). Advocacy, Ethical, and Legal
Considerations. In Stamler, L., & Yiu, L., Community Health Nursing a
Canadian Perspective (3rd ed., pp. 68). Pearson Canada: Toronto.
Scott, C., MacKean, G., & Maloff, B. 2012). Strengthening community action:
public participation and partnerships for health. In A. Vollman, E.
Multidisciplinary Practice (3rd ed., pp. 103-124). Philadelphia: Wolters
Sealy, P., & Smith, J. (2012). Family Health. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.),
Vollman, A. (2012). Community assessment. In A. Vollman, E. Anderson, & J.

McFarlane, Canadian Community as Partner: Theory & Multidisciplinary
Practice (3rd Ed., pp. 225-261). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/ Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins.
Vollman, A. (2012). Planning a community health program. In A. Vollman, E.

Multidisciplinary Practice (3rd Ed., pp. 287-306). Philadelphia: Wolters
65
Yiu, L., (2012). Community Care. In Stamler, L., & Yiu, L., Community Health
Nursing A Canadian Perspective (3rd ed., pp. 213-235). Pearson Canada:
Toronto.
Additional Readings
Allender, J., Rector, C., & Warner, K. (2010). Community as client: applying the
nursing process. In Community Health Nursing: Promoting & Protecting
the Publics Health. (7th ed., pp. 390-421). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/
66
Resources
Components of Capacity
Building

nurse:
2.1 Peter, E., Sweatman, L. & Carlin, K., (2012).

Advocacy, Ethical, and Legal Considerations in
Stamler, L., & Yiu, L., Community Health Nursing A
Conducts individual and Canadian Perspective (3rd Edition, p. 68). Pearson
community assessments to Canada: Toronto.
identify needs, strengths
and available resources See Recommended Readings: Yiu, L., (2012).
Community Care.
primary and See Recommended Readings: Vollman, A. (2012).
secondary data Community assessment.
windshield survey
Multimedia:
Community Health Nursing Community and

Aggregate Assessment. Video clip (Nursing Education
Resources, 2009). 9 min. http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=VWdM9tM1LDU
2.2 Health Canada. (2008). Best practices: Early

intervention, outreach, and community linkages for
youth with substance use problems. Retrieved from
Assesses the readiness of http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hc-ps/pubs/adp-apd/bp-
the individual and mp-intervention/index-eng.php
community for planned
change Multimedia:
Community development and community health

perception of needs nursing. Video, 10 min. (Nursing Education
ability to mobilize Resources, 2009). Retrieved from http://www.
previous history youtube.com/watch?v=UdY-D0Lo9c0&feature
=BFa&list=UUv-RIgUBdJK_-VgQ18SumtA
67
2.3 See Recommended Readings: Edward, N., Etowa, J.,
Peterson, W., Kennedy, M., (2012). Community
health planning, monitoring, and evaluation.
Develops health plans in
collaboration with See Recommended Readings: Vollman, A. (2012).
individual and key Planning a community health program.
community members
Multimedia:
Community capacity building. BC & Yukon Cancer

Society, 2011. Video, 11 min.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p8FycxjmTR0
2.4 Peter, E. Sweatman, L., Carlin, K., (2012). Chapter

4. Advocacy, Ethical, and Legal Considerations. In
Stamler, L., & Yiu, L., Community Health Nursing A
Uses capacity building and Canadian Perspective. (3rd Edition, p.68). Pearson
community development Canada: Toronto.
principles to improve
health outcomes for Multimedia:
individuals and
Asset based community development, part 2.
communities John McKnight explains the importance of focusing
on the capacities, gifts, skills and abilities of the
advocacy people in the community, rather than focusing on
partnership the communitys gaps, deficits and needs. He focuses
empowerment on how to identify partners that are instrumental to
community health development. Video, 12 min.
http://youtu.be/SAmpUDayWpk
2.5 Wisconsin Clearinghouse for Prevention Resources.

Prevention-coalition building. Retrieved from
http://www.trutoolkit.com/index_files/Page650.htm
Uses population health
promotion strategies to Cohen, L., Baer, N. & Satterwhite, P. (2002).
address health issues Developing effective coalitions: An eight step guide.
Retrieved http://www.preventioninstitute.org/
coalition building index.php?option=com_jlibrary&view=article&id=104
&Itemid=127
partnerships
networks John McKnight, a professor at Northwestern
University and one of the pioneers of asset based
community development, gives a thought-provoking
talk at UBC in
2010 that challenges some of the assumptions that
many health and other professionals operate under
when approaching communities. McKnights talk
begins at 9 min. and is 35 min. long
http://youtu.be/CyrL-FxuGr8
68
2.6 See Recommended Readings: Edward, N., Etowa,
J., Peterson, W., Kennedy, M., (2012). Community
health planning, monitoring, and evaluation.
Evaluates actions, policies
or programs related to
capacity building by
measuring their effect on
health outcomes
69
Competencies 3.1-3.5: Professional Relationships
Study Tip
Review the description of Professional Relationship (Standard 4) in

Community Health Nurses of Canada, (2011). Canadian Community Health
Nursing: Professional Practice Model & Standards of Practice. Toronto:
Author.
Your provincial or territorial regulating body, e.g., College or association of

nurses, should have many helpful resources when studying this
competency. Some are listed below.
If the hyperlink of the listed resource does not open the resource right
away, we recommend copying and pasting the URL into your web browser
as another strategy for accessing the resource.
Canadian Nurses Association

http://www.cna-aiic.ca
College of Registered Nurses of British Columbia

https://www.crnbc.ca/
https://www.crnbc.ca/Standards/Lists/StandardResources/432NurseClientRela
tionshipsPracStd.pdf
College and Association of Registered Nurses of Alberta

http://www.nurses.ab.ca/Carna/index.aspx
Professional Boundaries for Registered Nurses: Guidelines for the Nurse-Client

Relationship
https://www.nurses.ab.ca/Carna-Admin/Uploads/professional_boundaries_May_
%202011 .pdf
Saskatchewan Registered Nurses Association

http://www.srna.org
College of Registered Nurses of Manitoba

http://www.crnm.mb.ca
Professional boundaries for therapeutic relationships

http://cms.tng-secure.com/file_download.php?fFile_id=144
70
College of Nurses of Ontario
http://www.cno.org
College of Nurses of Ontario Therapeutic Nurse-Client Relationship

http://www.cno.org/Global/docs/prac/41033_Therapeutic.pdf
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario

http://www.rnao.ca
Association of Registered Nurses of Newfoundland-Labrador

http://www.arnnl.ca
Standards for Nursing Practice

http://www.arnnl.ca/documents/pages/Standards_of_Practice_for_Registered_
Nurses_April_2013.pdf
Nurses Association of New Brunswick

http://www.nanb.nb.ca
The Therapeutic Nurse-Client Relationship

http://www.nanb.nb.ca/PDF/practice/Standards_for_the_therapeutic_Nurse-
Client_Relationship_English.pdf
College of Registered Nurses of Nova Scotia

http://www.crnns.ca
Standards of Practice for Registered Nurses

http://www.crnns.ca/documents/RNStandards.pdf
Association of Registered Nurses of Prince Edward Island

http://www.arnpei.ca
Standards for Nursing Practice

http://www.arnpei.ca/images/documents/Standards%20for%20Nursing%20Prac
tice2011.pdf
Registered Nurses of Northwest Territories and Nunavut

http://www.rnantnu.ca
Standards of Practice for Registered Nurses

http://www.rnantnu.ca/Portals/0/Documents/Standards_Nrsing_Prac_2006.pdf
Yukon Registered Nurses Association

http://www.yrna.ca
Standards for Registered Nursing Practice in the Yukon

http://yrna.ca/wp-content/uploads/Standards2013.pdf
71
Recommended readings
Sealy, P., & Smith, J. (2012). Family Health. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu (Eds.),
Community Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective (3rd ed., pp. 274-
276). Toronto: Pearson Canada.
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario. (2009). Establishing Therapeutic

Relationships. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/
establishing-therapeutic-relationshipships
Practice Guideline, Video, and eLearning Plus review BPG Supplement: http://
rnao.ca/sites/rnao-ca/files/storage/related/943_BPG_TR_Supplement.
pdf
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario. (2006) Collaborative Practice Among

Nursing Teams Guideline. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines
/collaborative-practice-among-nursing-teams-guideline
72
Components of Resources
Professional Relationships

nurse:
3.1 See Recommended Readings and websites above.
Recognizes that both the

nurses and clients
attitudes, beliefs, feelings
and values affect
relationships and
interventions
guest in the
home/community
differing values
3.2
College of Registered Nurses of Manitoba (2011).
Professional Boundaries For Therapeutic
Employs a therapeutic Relationships. Retrieved from http://cms.tng-
nurse-client relationship secure.com/file_ download.php?fFile_id=144
based on mutual trust,
respect and caring, while Nursing Association of New Brunswick. (2011).
developing, maintaining and Practice Standard: The Therapeutic Nurse Client
Relationship. Retrieved from
terminating the relationship http://www.nanb.nb.ca/downloads /Practice
Standard - Nurse-Client Relationship - E.pdf
See other College websites.
3.3 See Recommended Readings and websites above.
Demonstrates professional
boundaries in the home or
other community settings
73
3.4
Demonstrates leadership Managing and mitigating conflict in health care teams.
skills to build and sustain Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines
/managing-conflict-healthcare-teams
relationships
Winnipeg Regional Health Authority. (2012).
team building Collaborative Care. Retrieved from
negotiation http://www.wrha.
conflict management mb.ca/professionals/collaborativecare/
group facilitation
3.5 See competencies 2.2 and 2.5.
Promotes and supports

linkages with appropriate
community resources when
the individual or community
is ready to receive them
prevention activities
parenting groups
case meetings
coalitions
74
Competencies 4.1-4.10: Access and Equity
Study Tip
See the recommended reading list below.
Edmunds, K. Iler, E. (2011). Cultural Diversity. In Stamler, L., & Yiu, L.,
Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective. 3rd Edition (p. 124-
138). Pearson Canada: Toronto.
National Expert Commission. (2012). Report and recommendations: A nursing

call to action. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Nurses Association. Retrieved from
http://www.cna-aiic.ca/~/media/cna/files/en/nec_report_e.pdf
Stamler, L., & Gabriel, A. (2012). Poverty and Homelessness. In L. Stamler & L.
Yiu (Eds.), Community Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective (3rd ed.,
pp. 420-433). Toronto: Pearson Canada.
Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais, G. (2011). Working
with Vulnerable Populations. Community Health Nursing in Canada. (2nd
ed., p 309-366). Toronto: Elsevier Canada.
Roberts, R. (2011). Aboriginal Health. In Stamler, L., & Yiu, L., Community
Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective. 3rd Edition (p. 350-362). Pearson
Canada: Toronto.
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario. (2007). Embracing Cultural Diversity

in Health Care: Developing Cultural Competence. Retrieved from
http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/embracing-cultural-diversity-health-
care-developing-cultural-competence
Additional Readings
Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais, G. (2011).

Diversity. Community Health Nursing in Canada. (2nd ed., pp. 186-219).
Toronto: Elsevier Canada
75
Components of Access and Resources
Equity

(2011). Working with Vulnerable Populations, (pp.
Assesses the impact of 346- 353).
community norms, values, beliefs
and resources on the health of
individuals and the community
informed consent
community needs
assessment
4.2 See Recommended Readings: Edmunds, K. Iler,

E. (2011). Cultural Diversity, pp. 131-134.
Supports care that is respectful Canadian Nurses Association (2004). Position
of culture in all settings Statement: Promoting Cultural Competence in
Nursing. Retrieved from http://www.cna-
religious or cultural aiic.ca/~/media/cna/page content/pdf
ceremonies en/2013/09/04/16/27/6 -
ps114_cultural_competence_2010_e.pdf
4.3 See Recommended Readings: Roberts, R. (2012).

Aboriginal Health. In Stamler, L., & Yiu, L. (pp.
356-359).
Supports individuals and
communities in making informed
choices relative to alternative
and/or complementary health-
care options
herbal medications
meditation
prayer
76
Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais,
G. (2011). Working with Vulnerable
Advocates for appropriate Populations (pp. 348- 353).
resource allocations
human
financial
to promote access to services
transportation, location of
off-site programs

Applies strategies to promote Populations 9pp. 346- 353).
access to services
case finding
outreach
referrals
advocacy

Practises in response to changing Populations (pp. 348- 353).
and emerging health needs of the
individual and community
communicable disease
outbreaks
threats to safety of client or
nurse
77
Competencies 5.1-5.5: Professional Responsibility
and Accountability
Study Tip
See the recommended reading list below.
Beuthin, R. (2006). To shower or not to shower. A community health nurse

asks, what are our limits of accommodation? Canadian Nurse, 102(9) pp.
34-35.
Canadian Nurses Association:

Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses (2008). Retrieved from http://www.
cna-aiic.ca/~/media/cna/page content/pdf fr/2013/09/05/18/05/code
_of_ethics_2008_e.pdf
Public Health Nursing and Ethical Challenges (2006). Retrieved from

http://www.cna-aiic.ca/~/media/cna/page content/pdf en/2013/07/
26/10/43/ethics_in_practice_jan_06_e.pdf
Community Health Nurses Association of Canada (2011). Canadian Community

Health Nursing (CCHN) Standards of Practice. Retrieved from http://www.
chnc.ca/members/documents/chnc-standards-eng-book.pdf
MacDonald, M. (2013). Ethics of public health. In J. L. Storch, P. Rodney, & R.

Starzomski (Eds.), Toward a moral horizon: Nursing ethics for leadership
and practice (2nd ed.; pp. 398429). Toronto, ON: Pearson Canada.
Peter, E., Sweatman, L, and Carlin, K. (2012). Advocacy, Ethical, and Legal
Considerations. In Stamler, L. & Yiu, L. (Eds.), Community Health
Nursing: A Canadian Perspective (3rd edition, pp. 61-75).
Pauly, B., Goldstone, I., McCall, J., Gold, F., & Payne, S. (October 2007). The
ethical, legal and social context of harm reduction. The Canadian Nurse,
103 (8), p. 19-23.
78
Additional Readings
Consult links for Provincial/Territorial Practice Standards on:

Therapeutic Nurse-Client Relationships
Refusing Assignments and Discontinuing Nursing Services
Ethics
Nurse Abuse
Documentation
College of Registered Nurses of British Columbia

https://www.crnbc.ca/Pages/Default.aspx
College and Association of Registered Nurses of Alberta

http://www.nurses.ab.ca/Carna/index.aspx
Saskatchewan Registered Nurses Association

http://www.srna.org
College of Registered Nurses of Manitoba

http://www.crnm.mb.ca
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario

http://www.rnao.ca
College of Nurses of Ontario

http://www.cno.org
LOrdre des infimires et infirmiers du Qubec

http://www.oiiq.org
Nurses Association of New Brunswick

http://www.nanb.nb.ca
College of Registered Nurses of Nova Scotia

http://www.crnns.ca
Association of Registered Nurses of Newfoundland-Labrador

http://www.arnnl.ca
Association of Registered Nurses of Prince Edward Island

http://www.arnpei.ca
Registered Nurses of Northwest Territories and Nunavut

http://www.rnantnu.ca
Yukon Registered Nurses Association

http://www.yrna.ca
79
Kass, N. E. (2001). An ethics framework for public health. American Journal of
Public Health, 91(11) p. 1776-1782.
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario. Best Practice Guidelines: Establishing

Therapeutic Relationships (2006). Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/bpg
/guidelines/establishing-therapeutic-relationshipships
Upshur, R. E. G. (2002). Principles for the Justification of Public Health

Intervention. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 93(2) p. 101-103.
80
Components of Professional Resources
Responsibility and
Accountability
5.1 Canadian Nurses Association. (2008).

Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses. Retrieved
Recognizes actual and from http://www.cna- aiic.ca/~/media/can
potential abuse risk to self or /files/en/codeofethics.pdf
others
Page 5 quality practice environments
sexual page 8 awareness of values, definition of
values page 28,
physical
page 10, #10 (Part I: Nursing Values and
verbal
Ethical Responsibilities) nurses are
financial justified in using reasonable means to
emotional protect against violence
5.2 Peter, E., Sweatman, L, and Carlin, K. (2012).

Advocacy, Ethical, and Legal Considerations. In
Responds to situations that Stamler, L. & Yiu, L. (Eds.), Community Health
involve actual or potential risk Nursing: A Canadian Perspective (3rd edition,
to self or others p61-75). W. B. Saunders: Toronto.
Canadian Nurses Association (February 2006).

delaying service in risky
Public Health Nursing and Ethical Challenges.
situations Retrieved from http://www.cna-
reporting to appropriate aiic.ca/~/media/cna/page content/pdf
authorities en/2013/07/26/10/43/ethics_in_practice_jan_
obtaining colleague 06_e.pdf
assistance
Registered Nurses of Ontario (RNAO). Position
Statement: Violence Against Nurses-zero
Tolerance for Violence against Nurses and
Nursing Students. Retrieved from
http://www.rnao.org/Page.asp?PageID=122&Co
ntentID=1647&SiteNodeID=471
81
5.3 White, J. (2009). Patterns of knowing: Review,
critique, and update. In P. Reed & N. Shearer.
Integrates multiple ways of Perspectives on Nursing Theory. (5th ed., pp.
knowing into practice 395-405), Philadelphia: Wolters
Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
aesthetics
empirics
personal knowledge
ethics or moral
knowledge
socio-political knowledge
5.4
Documents community health

nursing activities in a timely
and thorough manner
nursing care
telephone consultations
work with communities
and groups
using nursing
informatics
5.5 Pauly, B., Goldstone, I., McCall, J., Gold, F., &
Payne, S. (October 2007). The ethical, legal and
Applies standards, principles social context of harm reduction. The Canadian
and self-awareness to manage Nurse, 103 (8), pp. 19-23.
practice in accordance with all
relevant legislation, regulatory Chadwick, S. L., & Doyle, B. (2008). Chapter 11:
body standards, codes and Occupational Health. In L. Stamler & L. Yiu.
Community health nursing: A Canadian
organizational policies
Perspective 2nd ed. (pp. 197-211). Toronto.
P. 200 Legislation and Standards, Human
Rights Legislation, Informed Consent info.-
Substitute Decision act
82

CHNC Guidebook

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

CHNC Guidebook

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

1

Community Health Nursing Certification Guidebook

Community Health Nurses of Canada

Tips for Success ................................................................................................... 4

Top 10 Reasons to Become Certified .................................................................... 5

Comments on How Certification Impacted Practice .............................................. 6

Recommendations from Former Exam Writers ..................................................... 8

Study Group Roles and Responsibilities ............................................................ 10

Prior to First Study Group Meeting .................................................................... 13

Competencies 1.1-1.6: Health Promotion ........................................................... 15

Competencies 1.7-1.21: Prevention and Health Protection ................................. 31

Competencies 1.22-1.27: Health Maintenance, Restoration and Palliation ......... 48

Competencies 2.1-2.6: Capacity Building ........................................................... 65

Competencies 3.1-3.5: Professional Relationships ............................................. 70

Competencies 4.1-4.10: Access and Equity ........................................................ 75

Competencies 5.1-5.5: Professional Responsibility and Accountability ............... 78

The CHNC Certification Committee is pleased to offer community health nurses

Yvette Lafort-Fliesser, RN, MScN, CCHN(C)

Carla Ferreira, RNBN, MN, CCHN(C)

MaryJane Herlihey, RN, BScN, CCHN(C)

Brenda Marchuk, RN, BScN, CCHN(C)

Karey Shuhendler, RN, MN, CCHN(C)

Exam candidates are encouraged to remember that whether community health

The community health nurse:

Congratulations on your decision to become certified in community health nursing,

Community Health Nursing Certification:

2. Actively demonstrates personal commitment to professional development.

4. Creates public confidence in our knowledge and skills.

5. Actively demonstrates personal commitment to excellence in community health

6. Represents a significant career achievement.

8. Lends credibility to community health nurses during these tumultuous times of

9. Offers an opportunity to confirm our competence in this specialty.

Thoughts from Community Health Nurses on how achieving certification

In communicable disease I learned so muchit was eye opening. Wowand that is

The competency on vulnerable populations really increased my awareness of barriers to

I went to a reproductive health meeting and they wanted me to talk on housingI

Consider years of experience when deciding to write the exam.

Study Canadian content and invest in a Canadian community health nursing

Review content that is consistent and recognized nationally.

Use internet resources.

Personalize your study time.

Remember that you wont have time to reread everything.

Concentrate on application and critical thinking when working on practice

Consider the depth of knowledge required for the competencies.

Keep the scoring method in mind as you study.

Seek relationships with other Community Health Nurses/agencies.

Develop a suggested reading list. This guidebook already contains reading

Tips for Competency Lead

Others have provided a brief summary of the relevant literature.

Ensure you focus on building skills in knowledge application and critical

Knowledge application questions (40-50% of the exam) are about:

Critical thinking questions (25-35%) test your ability to:

Come to the session prepared. Usually this requires having a good

Participate in the discussion. You dont need to be an expert in the content to

Reflect on how this information can be used or is being used in your

Provide feedback to the facilitator and mentors on the process of the

In early September, offer information about certification to your colleagues (those in

Review the Canadian Community Health Nursing Standards of Practice.

Consider looking at organization specific education modules on the Canadian

Community Health Nurses of Canada (CHNC) (March, 2011). Canadian Community

Minnesota Department of Health (2001). Public Health Interventions: Applications for

Lafort-Fliesser, Y., MacDougall, C., & Buckland, I. (2012). School Health. In L.

Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais-Dresler, G. (2010).

Evans, R. (2010). Fourth stage of labour and postpartum period. In R. Evans, M.