Particle production in an expanding and contracting, universe Consider a harmonic oscillator system with time-dependent frequencies ott) Treat the dimensionless parameter \ as very smal If at ¢ = 20, the system is in the ground state of the harmonic oscillator, what is the probability that the system is in n-th state at £ = +90 (to lowest order in A)? You should give explicit expressions for all n > 1 [Note: this problem can be used to model particle production i ‘nd contracting universe] 1 expansionA Time-Dependent Two-State System c Jer a two-state system with Hamiltoni wo=(%5 ) where v(t) is real and where v — 0 for t + +00. (a) Suppose that at ¢ = 20 the system is in the state [2). Use time dependent perturbation theory to determine the probability that at ¢ = +30 the system is in the state |1), to lowest order in v. IE the probability of a transition from result obtained from time-dependent perturbation theor the condition that the perturbative result is a good approximation to the exact result? the eigenstates of H(t) do not depend on t. Use this fact to calculate ) to 1) exactly, in this ease. What is the this case? What isA theorem of one-dimensional Schrodinger systems Consider two one-dimensional bounded quantum systems ae oy =F +Vie), a= Fo + Vile) Suppose that Vi(x) > V(x) for all x, We will denote the energy eigenvalues of two systems by £0 and E® respectively, with n= 1,2,++ Use the variational method to prove that the ground state en- ergies of two systems satisfy BY > Be.Born approximation Consider a particle of mass m and initial momentum k = potential V(F) = Vo [5(F- a) + 5(F + @)] where is a constant vector. (a) What is the definition of scattering differential cross section? How is it related to the scattering amplitude f(0, 9)? (b)What is the scattering amplitude (0,9) in the first Born ap- perioral RE z (c)Write down the expression for the total cross section in the first Born approximation. (Do NOT evaluate the integrals.)Lartial wave expansion Tn 0 scattering, expr en o cman the AifFerettial cress section is: a Go eo) 2 ©) €= wee pene. Finds thee ee a) What can you Say about the potenti ¢ @ 0) What portidl waves are scattering ? values of orbital angele . 2d) What are the corresponding phase shifts for parti waves in WY? a) What is the total cross section %410 sprain eine sates SRA aie al er fh nen es (0 (ptt) Caste a ae pe ma ing a 2 ‘ang 8 Wonk (30) Teena tone pt TE Ow te he WK arnt ttt i You ely nn ea Sictapaat pt ona SOP me 1 ops) Cas ct pa an et «= th ‘an 6 = toe > th Tornoe in ‘Rhee (9). Sarno n> Wome =a = ‘Tw wsun tease te, ee "see WD ee a (0) (2 it) or ste si pil te Ora, oe a i ie pt soo Siig2s Tait teeter ee combate chs dinners (18) Sel oe ee meenoes ‘Ti ont ewe entice rn te mn