123

* **

Estimations of Hydrodynamic Forces Acting on Ships Advancing in the Carm Water and Waves
by a Time-Domain Hybrid Method

by Shiro Kataoka, Member Hidetsugu Iwashita, Member

Summary

A time-domain computation method based on the hybrid method is originally devel-

oped and applied to the wave-making problems of ships both in the carm water and in waves.
The fluid domain is decomposed into the near field and the far field, and the space-fixed ar-
tificial surface like side-walls of a towing tank is employed to separate them. The Rankine
panel method and the Green function method are applied to two domains respectively and
the solutions in both domains are combined on the artificial surface. The former makes the
present method flexible to the free-surface condition and later guarantees the radiation con-
dition for any frequency. The use of the space-fixed artificial surface makes the theory free
from the line-integral which usually appears along the intersection between the free-surface
and the artificial surface when the moving artificial surface is used.
The method is applied to the steady and the unsteady wave-making problems of the
modified Wigley model, Series-60(CB = 0.6) and Series-60(Cb = 0.8). Through the com-
parison of hydrodynamic forces between computed and measured, it is confirmed that the
present method is very accurate and rational for any case.

. 3
1. , Lin&Yue(:LAMP
)1)12),Maskew13),Beck&Cao4),Nakos&
, Sclavouos(SWAN)5),Bnik&Hermans6),Co-
, lagrossi&:Landrini7) ,
& 8)9), 10) .

Green ,

16111 11)12)13)
 124 196

, 3F, 8
3 ,
, , (21) (211) .
, 80
. :Lin& 15).
Yue :LAMP, Green , &
, &

,

.:LAMP
, Green
,
Green ,

.
:LAMP
, Fig. 1 Coordinate system

,
,
.
: .
, (,,;,(,,z;

14). , , o

, .

14). :1:1:1:;:1:1;
1
(1)
, o,
, . .

, modiedWigleymodel, [ K K(x+xW)](2)
Series-60model(Ob=0.6) Series-60(Ob=
0.8) , ,K, , (.K=2/g),
strip ,g .

. , ,
,
, .

2. {1} (3)

2.1
(+9} (4)
Fig.1 o z
.
n3Hat (5)
(,, , x
( . , 8H, {,..,} at (6)
 125

(8) (9) P
3, onScatt>0 (7) ,(4),(5),
(7) (6)
(3)(6) Laplace ,

, , .
, . ,
.
,Bernoulli
,


,
P(P;) (9+ ;)+1 (P;P;))
mj-term
(12)
. ,(7)
.
5 ,


.,
. ( P(P; (P)d( 6)

2.2 (13)
.
(3)(7)
. ,
3.
Green ,
, Green 3.1
,
,
.
(Q; .
,(8) P
( (Q;))d8P
.
(8)

fbr =11V

5(P;
)] [OR(,)R()]
_[r
)(Q) (14)
Q;)
Q)] , GR( ,,GR(,

+{[ )w )
8d8 (15)

(Q;) w(; 7)]d3}dT

forP 11(9)
{
(z3)
{16)

(z=3)

,P=@,,,Q=(,,,),3=8FH
, , ,
3F+30 ,
NH,!V.F,N !V=1VHNFN
.
. ,
, 8(
GR(Q) ,R(Q) (} )( )
. m
( ) ,
w(Q;) ..
(
sin(V)b (11) ). ,)
m
R@ )2+( 2, R2(=F')2 .
r'}
 126 196

P 8H , (5) .

)=) (
{1/2
OR r NH(7)

=1 . ,R(,),R( (15),(16)

,

)
(8(22)
.
P 8F , (4)
{

) )1 (8)

.
, 2 Milne
2 16) (18) , . ,

0 ,( )

21 2

ll)}{Ow( ,7;m )8()

(7w(,
;m
)8()
+( + 21+2) {24)
2L12 .
.
-9( )++
,
. (14) ,
.
.
30 (7) ,(21)
),)(14)
3)(G )+9G))

=1
1VIV

-2 9(10%1+%2)
3)(R%(z+NHF R(NHF
fbr=NII1N rF(20) =1Z1

R+N R
(i-NHF,1))
,1VNHNH+1VF . ,
m-1Nc

( (z+N
. HF) NHF
=:0=0
,
+N
, HF) NHF)
. fori=NHF}1NN(25)
P 8 , (9)
),( 1N)1

( )R())R ))
m m-1
m
(14)
=1

m-11VO 3.2
k(() ) ) ))
.
=0=O

fbr2==1No(21) 1. H,3F,8 .
 127

2.3F+30 ( ,8 R Fig.2 ,8F

. , ( ) ( rlI)
,5F . 1. ,

. ,(16) (7R,(23) .
R Newmann17) 2. (7R OR .
.
3. ,30
(w
.(11) (w
Liapis18),King19)
11) ,(24)

.
4. .Radiation
:
.
5. 3H
.
6.3H
(7R . 2.

GR
.
7. (17),(20),(25)
, .
,
,SOR
,SOR( 0.7)
.
8. (14) , ,

) . 3
(2 ) . ,

.

) (3 41+ 2) Fig. 2 Arrangement of the free suraface

panels around the ship hull

(3 412) (26)

,
7 m
. Fig.2
. . 1-2-3-4
9.(12),(13) . F
. ,
10. m1 4. . ,
,
3.3
.
2.
,
.
 19R 196

576 ( 48 ,
. 12 ) . ,
1-2-3-4 1,2'3'4'
.
,1 ,
. ,

, , .Figs.35
rlI .Fig.2 modiedWigleymodel Series-60model
. , (06=0.6&0.8) =0
111 . (z<0) .
, .
.
,
,
.
, ,
,
.CFD
.
, , Fig. 3 Computation grid for modified

1 ,8F+30 Wigley model

OR .
R; ?3H
rl 1
80 3H
.

,
, .
Fig. 4 Computation grid for Series-60
4. model (Cb = 0.6)

4.1

1 (1-2'2)(1+ '22/==!/(B/2),')
}(27)

Wigleymodel,
Series-60(Ob=0.6) Series-60(Ob=0.8)

.Wigleymodel Fig. 5 Computation grid for Series-60

, , model (Cb = 0.8)
=0.0

parabolicWigleymodel , Fig.6
=0.2 modiedWigleymodel .
. , ,
,Wigleymodel 1
256 ( 32 , 8 .
) ,Series-60model 10 =0.2 ,
 129

6.OL, 0.75.L(L: ), . ,
0.5L .
, .
. ,
, V7=15
, . ,
. ,

0.5.L . , =

>0 3072(192x .
16) , 320((48+8x2)5) . 20)

, .

:
. Series-60model ,
576 , ,

: 4000 .

Fig. 6 Computation grids on the free sur-

face and the artificial surface for
Fn = 0.20

4.2

,ParabolicWigleymodel Fig. 7 Time histories of the forward

. speed, hydrodynamic forces and

=76/!=0.20.4 moment for parabolic Wigley

. model at F, = 0.316

, 6.OL 9.
.
10 . =1/25sec. ,

()=b() (28)

() 10) .

!{l!(( ll:
(29) Fig. 8 Wave-making resistance of the
,o=5.Osec. . parabolic Wigley model
Fig.7 =o.316 ,

z ,
 130 196

(ringwave) .KL=5.0
=1820 ,
. ITTC
21) .<0.3 . ,Kl=5.0,20.0
,
, , ,

>0.3
. .

4.3 ( )

, ,
, ,

. ,
modiedWigleymodel
heave
,
Grn . Fig. 9 Added mass and damping coef-
, ; ficients of the modified Wigley
2.0.L, 1.OL , model due to heave motion at
2048(64x32) , 160((16+ Fn = 0.0
82)x5) .
0.5L .
heave 3() (30) .
,
1 Fourier ,
. , ,B

6
.
Fig.9

Green .
Green ,
} ,


,
Green .
, ,

0.5.L . Fig. 10 Contour plots of unsteady heave

, waves generated by heave motion
Green of the modified Wigley model at
, Fn=0.0,KL=5.0&20.0
.
Fig.10KL=5.o 20.o
=6.OT(T=2/: )
 131

4.4 ( ) ,
modiedWigleymodel, g ,

Series-60(Ob=0.6),Series-60(Ob=0.8)3 . ,
radiation ( heave pitch Fourier 1 ,

) difraction (X=180degs.) .
, ,
, Fourier ,
.
, heave 3(

pitch 5( . .
, ,
(=1 ()cos ( =3,5) (30)
.
,.4 , ,(

(29) . , .
, /=15
.43=0.01L,.45=0.01rad. ,
. ,diaction 4


H/=24/=1/50(H: ,: ) . Eourier
heave pitch
Figs.12,13 .
,
, 22) .

,

.
= /g0.25
. ,
. ,

. , ,
, SWAN ,
,
. ,

Fig. 11 Time histories of forced heave
motion and hydrodynamic forces 14),
and moment for modified Wigley .
model at Fn = 0.20, KL =10.0
(2)Series-60model(Cb=O.fi)
Figs.14,15Series-60model(Ob=0.60)

[Radiation 1 .

Series-60model(0=0.6) Series-
(1)ModifiedWigleymodel
60(Ob=0.8) 23)
Fig.11 =o.20,K.L=10.o

, heave
.
.
132 196

Fig. 12 Added mass an d damping coefficients for heave and pitch of modified Wigley model at
Fn = 0.20

Fig. 13 Coupled added mass and damping coefficients between heave and pitch of modifi ed Wigley
model at Fn = 0.20
 133

Fig. 14 Added mass and damping coefficients for heave and pitch of Series-60 model (Cb = 0.6)
at Fn = 0.20

Fig. 15 Coupled added mass and damping coefficientsbetween heave and pitch of Series-60model
(Cb=0.6)atFn=0.20
134 196

Fig. 16 Added mass and damping coefficients for heave and pitch of Series-60 model (cb = 0.8)
at Fn = 0.20

Fig. 17 Coupled added mass and damping coefficientsbetween heave and pitch of Series-60model
(Cb=0.8)atFn=0.20
 135

Fig. 18 Wave exciting forces and moment of modified Wigley model at Fn = 0.20, x =180 degs.

Fig. 19 Wave exciting forces and moment of Series-60 model (Cb=0.6)atFn= 0.20, x= 180

degs.

Fig. 20 Wave exciting forces and moment of Series-60 model (cb = 0.8)atFn= 0.20, x= 180

degs.
 136 196

Series-60model(Ob=0.6) modified , diaction

Wigleymodel , (z0)
.Series-60 ,
model(Ob=0.6) Wigleymodel .
walside ,
. Green ,radia-
, tion
.
.Figs.14,15,
(2)Series-60model(Cb=0.6)
.
Fig.19Series-60model(Ob=0.6)

(3)Series-60model(Cb=0.8) . radiation ,
Figs.16,17blunt Series-
60model(Ob=0.8) .Series- .
60model(Ob=0.6) , modiedWigleymodel
.

. 2
, ,
Figs.1417 , .3

23) .
.
(3)Series-60model(Cb=0.8)
,
Fig.20Series-60model(Ob=0.8)
. m
.modiedWigleymodel ,Series-60
,
(Ob .6) ,Series-60

(0=0.8) .
,
.Surge
.

,
, ,
.
23).

Series-60(Ob=0.6) ,
[Di:Haction 1
bluntSeries-60(Ob=0.8) suge
(1)ModifiedWigleymodel ,
Fig.18 (X=180degs.)
,
modiedWigleymodel

.
.
.Surge ,

23)
, ,=0 (28)
, .
1

5.
()
(31)
,
.( (29)
,
. 1
,

.
. ,
.
Fourier
. (1)
, .Parabolic


137

19

y
m
d
e
4) Beck, R. F., Cao, Y., and Lee, T.-H.: Fully

,
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,
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(3) radiation difrac
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, , ,2001

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Green
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