Ch.

15-interviewing
An interview is a goal-driven transaction characterized by questions and answers, clear
structure, control, and imbalance
An interview is usually a dyadic transaction, meaning that it takes place between two
people
Preparing for an interview:
Cover Letters and Rsums
Address Letter to Specific Person
Identify the Position
Summarize Qualifications and Promote Rsum
Reaffirm Interest and Request an Interview
Sign Off with Respect and Professionalism
Rsums - the purpose is to present your experiences and credentials for a position in a
clear and concise manner
Name and Contact Information
Career Objective
Education and Training
Experiences
Skills
Activities
Characteristics of an Interview
Interviews are more goal-driven than other types of communication
Interviews are questionanswer transactions
Interviews are more structured than other types of communication
Interviews are controlled by an interviewer
Time spent talking by an interviewee and an interviewer is usually unbalanced
the interviewer 30% of the time; interviewee will speak for 70% of the time
Types of Interviews
Employment interviews
Performance reviews/Performance interviews
Exit interviews
Information-gaining interviews
Persuasive interviews
Problem-solving interviews
Helping interviews
Employment interviews
Pre-interview Responsibilities
Interviewer Responsibilities
Review application material
Prepare questions and an interview outline
Gather Materials
Begin on Time
Pre-interview Responsibilities
 Interviewee Responsibilities
Gather Information
Prepare Questions
Practice
Professional Personal Appearance
Arrive on Time
Bring Materials
Turn Off the Cell Phone
Beginning an Employment Interview
Greeting and Establishing Appropriate Proxemics
Negotiating Relational Connection and Tone
Establishing Purpose and Agenda
Asking the Questions During an Employment Interview
Primary questions
Secondary questions
Probing questions
Mirror questions
Asking the Questions During an Employment Interview
Open and Closed Questions (bipolar)
Neutral and Leading Questions
Directive and Nondirective Questioning
Directive interviews are greatly controlled by an interviewer
Nondirective interviews are those in which the direction of the interview
is primarily given to the interviewee
Asking the Questions During an Employment Interview
Avoiding Illegal Questions
Equal employment opportunity (EEO) laws set to prevent possible
discrimination during the hiring process, intentionally or unintentionally
Common areas that cannot be discussed with potential employees
include age, marital/family status, ethnicity/ national origin, religion,
affiliations, and disabilities
In some cases, otherwise illegal areas of questioning are allowed
Some jobs demand certain abilities or requirements, known as
bona fide occupational qualifications
Answering the Questions During an Employment Interview
Adjusting the Interview Frame
Self-fulfilling prophecy maintains that if someone believes a particular
outcome will take place, his or her actions will often lead to its fruition
Frame an interview as less threatening
An opportunity rather than a test
A learning experience rather than a demonstration
A dialogue rather than a monologue
Avoid viewing the interview as a test of worthiness, your skills, and your
knowledge, along with your value as a human being
 Learning From Successful and Unsuccessful Interviewees
Each interview can be a learning experience that allows you to grow personally
and professionally
Such growth does not matter to someone whose primary goals are simply being
offered a job and not living out of his or her vehicle
(Table 15.3 Learning from Successful and Unsuccessful Interviewees)

Answering Common Questions

Tell Me a Little About Yourself
What Are Your Greatest Strengths?
What Are Your Greatest Weaknesses?
What Do You Know About This Organization?
Why Do You Want to Work Here?
What Is Your Ideal Job?
Why Do You Want to Leave Your Current Job?
What Are Your Expectations in Terms of Salary?
Where Do You See Yourself in 5 Years?
Why Should We Hire You?
Dealing With Illegal Questions
Just because they should not be asked does not mean that they will not be asked
This violation is intentional or it is unintentional
Concluding an Employment Interview
Interviewer Responsibilities
Wrap-Up Signal a phrase indicating the beginning of the conclusion
Summarize the Interview
Ask for Questions
Preview Future Actions and Schedule
What will happen next
The schedule for decisions about the position
Offer Thanks
Farewells
Post-interview Responsibilities
Interviewer Responsibilities
Assess the Job Candidate
Assess Personal Performance
Contact Interviewee
Assess the Interview
Send Follow-Up Letter
Avoid Irritating the Interviewer
Do not send the interviewer numerous letters, leave phone messages
every hour on the hour, or send the interviewer a Facebook friendship
request
 If you have not heard from the interviewer by the time he or she
indicated you would be contacted, it is acceptable to politely inquire
about the status of the position