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(Shrewsbury, 12 de febrero de 1809 - Down House, 19 de abril de 1882) fue

un naturalista ingls, reconocido por ser el cientfico ms influyente (y el primero,


compartiendo este logro de forma independiente con Alfred Russel Wallace) de los que
plantearon la idea de la evolucin biolgicaa travs de la seleccin natural, justificndola en su
obra de 1859 El origen de las especies con numerosos ejemplos extrados de la observacin
de la naturaleza. Postul que todas las especies de seres vivos han evolucionado con el
tiempo a partir de un antepasado comn mediante un proceso denominado seleccin natural.
La evolucin fue aceptada como un hecho por la comunidad cientfica y por buena parte del
pblico en vida de Darwin, mientras que su teora de la evolucin mediante seleccin natural
no fue considerada como la explicacin primaria del proceso evolutivo hasta los aos 1930. 1
Actualmente constituye la base de la sntesis evolutiva moderna. Con sus modificaciones, los
descubrimientos cientficos de Darwin an siguen siendo el acta fundacional de
la biologa como ciencia, puesto que constituyen una explicacin lgica que unifica las
observaciones sobre la diversidad de la vida.2

(Shrewsbury, February 12, 1809 - Down House, April 19, 1882)


was an English naturalist, recognized for being the most
influential scientist (and the first, sharing this achievement
independently with Alfred Russel Wallace) The idea of
biological evolution through natural selection, justifying it in
his work of 1859 The origin of species with numerous
examples drawn from the observation of nature. He
postulated that all species of living beings have evolved over
time from a common ancestor through a process called
natural selection. Evolution was accepted as a fact by the
scientific community and by much of Darwin's living public,
while his theory of evolution through natural selection was not
considered as the primary explanation of the evolutionary
process until the 1930s. Base of modern evolutionary
synthesis. With its modifications, Darwin's scientific
discoveries still remain the foundational record of biology as a
science, since they constitute a logical explanation that unifies
the observations on the diversity of life.

Con apenas 16 aos Darwin ingres en la Universidad de Edimburgo, aunque paulatinamente


fue dejando de lado sus estudios de medicina para dedicarse a la investigacin
de invertebrados marinos. Durante sus estudios de medicina, asisti dos veces a una sala de
operaciones en el hospital de Edimburgo, y huy de ambas dejndole una profunda impresin
negativa. Esto era mucho antes de los benditos das del cloroformo, escribi en su
autobiografa.3 Posteriormente, la Universidad de Cambridge dio alas a su pasin por
las ciencias naturales.4 El segundo viaje del HMS Beagle consolid su fama como
eminente gelogo, cuyas observaciones y teoras apoyaban las ideas uniformistas de Charles
Lyell, mientras que la publicacin del diario de su viaje lo hizo clebre como escritor popular.
Intrigado por la distribucin geogrfica de la vida salvaje y por los fsiles que recolect en su
periplo, Darwin investig sobre el hecho de la transmutacin de las especies y concibi su
teora de la seleccin natural en 1838.5 Aunque discuti sus ideas con algunos naturalistas,
necesitaba tiempo para realizar una investigacin exhaustiva, y sus trabajos geolgicos tenan
prioridad.6 Se encontraba redactando su teora en 1858 cuando Alfred Russel Wallace le envi
un ensayo que describa la misma idea, urgindole Darwin a realizar una publicacin conjunta
de ambas teoras.7

At the age of 16, Darwin entered the University of Edinburgh,


but gradually dropped his medical studies to pursue marine
invertebrate research. During his medical studies, he attended
an operating room twice in the hospital of Edinburgh, and fled
of both leaving a deep negative impression to him. "This was
long before the blessed days of chloroform," he wrote in his
autobiography.3 Subsequently, the University of Cambridge
gave wings to his passion for the natural sciences.4 The
second voyage of the HMS Beagle cemented his fame as an
eminent geologist , Whose observations and theories
supported the unifying ideas of Charles Lyell, while the
publication of the diary of his trip made him famous as a
popular writer. Intrigued by the geographic distribution of
wildlife and the fossils he collected on his journey, Darwin
investigated the fact of the transmutation of species and
conceived his theory of natural selection in 1838.5 Although
he discussed his ideas with some naturalists, he needed Time
for a thorough investigation, and his geological work had
priority.6 He was writing his theory in 1858 when Alfred Russel
Wallace sent him an essay describing the same idea, urging
Darwin to make a joint publication of both theories.

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