CHE 304 (Spring 2007)

__________________
LAST NAME,
FIRST
Quiz #1
Note: Your answers must be correct to 3 significant figures and have the appropriate units.

I.Forthegasphasereaction 2A+BC+3D

Thereactionisreversibleatconstanttemperatureandpressure.ThefeedistwomolesofAper
onemoleofB.

1.WritetheconcentrationofAintermofCA0andX. ______________

C A0 (1 - X )
CA=
(1 + X / 3)

2.WritetheconcentrationofCintermofCA0andX. ______________

C A0 ( X )
CC=
2(1 + X / 3)

II The irreversible elementary reaction 2A B takes place in the gas phase in an isothermal
tubular reactor. ThefeedistwomolesofAperonemoleofC,aninert. The entering temperature
and pressure are 427oC and 10 atm, respectively. Gas constant R = 0.082 atmL/moloK.

3. Determine the concentration of A at the entrance to the reactor. ____________

CA0=0.116mol/L

4. If CA0 = 1.0 mol/L, the concentration of A at 90% conversion of A is ____________

CA=0.143mol/L

III. (5) Hydrogen gas is fed to a burner, where it is combusted with 300% excess air (21% O 2).
Moles of nitrogen required for each mole of hydrogen is
______________

H2 + 0.5O2 H2O

Moles of nitrogen = 7.52 moles

IV. The chemical species A is known to decompose according to

A(g) = B(g) + C(g)

A rigid container is filled with pure gaseous A at 300 oK and 760 mmHg and then heated. Assume
ideal-gas behavior and chemical equilibrium.

(6) If the pressure was observed to be 1610 mmHg at 510oK, the mole fraction of A is

yA = 0.605

(7) If the fractional conversion of A is 0.50 at 650oK, determine the pressure of the reactor.

P = 2470 mmHg

V. (8) TheirreversiblefirstorderreactionABiscarriedoutinatubularreactorinwhichthe
volumetricflowrateQisconstant.Determinethereactorvolumenecessarytoreducetheexiting
concentrationto5%oftheenteringconcentrationwhenthevolumetricflowrateis30liters/min
andthespecificrateconstant,k,is0.20min1.

V = 449 liters
VI. The exothermic reaction

A B + C

was carried out adiabatically and the following data are given:

The entering molar flow rate of A was 400 mol/min.

9) The volume of a CSTR required for 20% conversion is ____________

V =4.8 L

10) The volume of a PFR required for 20% conversion is ____________

V = 6.4 L
CHE 304 (Spring 2007)
__________________
LAST NAME,
FIRST
Quiz #2
Note: Your answers must be correct to 3 significant figures and have the appropriate units.

I. The gas phase reaction A + 4B 2C

which is first-order in A and first-order in B is to be carried out isothermally in a plug flow

reactor. The entering volumetric flow rate is 4.0 L/min, and the feed is equimolar in A and B. The
entering temperature and pressure are 527oC and 8 atm, respectively. You can neglect pressure
drop in the reactor. The specific reaction rate at this temperature is 5 L/molmin and the activation
energy is 12,000 cal/mol. Gas constant R = 0.082 atmL/moloK = 1.987 cal/moloK

1) Determine the volumetric flow rate when the conversion of A is 25%. ____________

Q = 2.5 L/min

2) Determine the concentration of A at the entrance to the reactor. ____________

CA0=0.061mol/L

3) Write the concentration of A in terms of CA0, and X. ____________

C A0 (1 - X )
CA=
(1 - 1.5 X )

II. For a gas phase reaction where - rA = kCACB

What is the effect on the reaction rate of increasing the reaction pressure by 10% while
maintaining constant temperature?

The reactio rate increase by:

A. 10% B. 100% C. 121% D. None of the above

III. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), a plasticizer, is to be produced by reaction of n-butanol phthalate
(MBP). The liquid reaction follows an elementary rate law and is catalyzed by H2SO4.

MBP + n-butanol DBP + H2O

A stream containing MBP and butanol is to be mixed with the H 2SO4 catalyst immediately before
the stream enters the reactor. The concentration of MBP in the stream entering the reactor is 0.4
lbmol/ft3 and the molar feed rate of butanol is five times that of MBP. The specific reaction rate at
100oF is 1.2 ft3/lbmolhr. There is a 1000-gallon CSTR and associated peripheral equipment
available for use on this project for 30 day a year (operating 24 h/day).

5) Determine the flow rate in lbmol/hr of DBP leaving the available CSTR to produce 6 million
lb/year of DBP (Mw = 278)
____________
30 lbmol/hr

6) Determine the exit conversion in the available 1000-gal reactor if the DBP flow rate is 20
lbmol/hr (1 ft3 = 7.48 gal.)

X = 0.814

7) If the MBP feed rate is 60 lbmol/hr and the exit conversion in the CSTR is 0.4, what
conversion would be achieved if a second 1000-gal CSTR were placed in series with the first
CSTR?

X = 0.786

IV) For the reaction 3A B

The reaction is irreversible at constant temperature and pressure with pure gas A fed to the
reactor. Write the concentration of A in terms of CA0, and X.

1- X
CA = CA0 1 - 2 X / 3

V) For the reaction 2A B

The reaction is reversible, non-isothermal with pure gas A fed to the reactor. Write the
concentration of A in terms of CA0, T0, T, P0, P, and X.

1 - X P T0

P
CA = CA0 1 - 0.5 X 0 T
VI) Calculatethepartialpressureofmonatomichydrogengasat1000oKand1atmpressure.

ForH2(g)H(g)

o
G1000 K =120,000J/mol,gasconstantR=8,314J/moloK _______________

PH=5.39107atm
CHE 304 (Winer 2007)
__________________
LAST NAME,
FIRST
Quiz #3
Note: Your answers must be correct to 3 significant figures and have the appropriate units.

I. We have a mixture with 2 moles of CH4 for every mole of O2 at 10 atm. Estimate the adiabatic
reactor temperature if all of the available O2 react to form CO2 and H2O. The feed is at 300oC
(HRx = - 152 kcal/mol, Cp = 7 cal/moloK.).

T = 3919oC = 4192oK

II.Forthegasphasereaction 2A+BC+3D

Thereactionisreversibleatconstanttemperatureandpressure.ThefeedistwomolesofAper
onemoleofB.

2.WritetheconcentrationofAintermofCA0andX. ______________

(1 - X )
CA=CA0 1 + X / 3

3.WritetheconcentrationofCintermofCA0andX. ______________

X
2 ( 1 + X / 3)
CC=CA0

III. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), a plasticizer, is to be produced by reaction of n-butanol phthalate

(MBP). The liquid reaction follows an elementary rate law and is catalyzed by H2SO4.

MBP + n-butanol DBP + H2O

A stream containing MBP and butanol is to be mixed with the H 2SO4 catalyst immediately before
the stream enters the reactor. The concentration of MBP in the stream entering the reactor is 0.2
lbmol/ft3 and the molar feed rate of butanol is five times that of MBP. The specific reaction rate at
100oF is 1.5 ft3/lbmolhr. There is a 500 ft3 CSTR and associated peripheral equipment available
for use on this project for 30 day a year (operating 24 h/day).

4) Determine the exit conversion in the available 500 ft 3 reactor if the DBP flow rate is 40
lbmol/hr (1 ft3 = 7.48 gal.)

X = 0.691

5) If the MBP feed rate is 60 lbmol/hr and the exit conversion in the CSTR is 0.4, what
conversion would be achieved if a second 500 ft3 CSTR were placed in series with the first
CSTR?
 X = 0.806
6) What CSTR volume would be necessary to achieve a conversion of 95% for a molar feed rate
of MBP of 60 lbmol/hr?

V = 4691 ft3

II. A solute diffuses through a membrane that separates two compartments A and B that have
different initial concentrations. The solute concentrations in the two compartments as a function
of time, CA and CB are shown below. The volumes of the two compartments are VA and VB.

(A) VA > VB (B) Solute diffuses from compartment B to A.

a.AandBaretrueb.OnlyAistruec.OnlyBistrued.AandBarefalse
10

A
C

B
C

0 t

IV.Forthereaction A(g)+2B(g)C(g)+D(g,l)

ThefeedcontainsonlyAandBinstoichiometricamounts.Thetotalpressureis101.3kPaand
species D hasavaporpressureof30.39kPaattheisothermalreactiontemperatureof300 oK.
Calculatetheconversionatwhichcondensationbegins.

X=0.9/1.3=0.692

V.ThegasphasereactionA(g)3B(g)obeyszerothorderkineticswithr=0.25moles/literhr
at200oC.GasconstantR=0.082Latm/moloK.StartingwithpureAat1atm,calculatethe
timefor95%oftheAtobereactedawayin

9)aconstantvolumebatchreactor ____________

t = 0.098 hr = 5.88 min = 353 s

10)aconstantpressurebatchreactor ______________

t= 0.0549 hr = 3.29 min = 198 s

CHE 304 (Spring 2007)
__________________
LAST NAME,
FIRST
Quiz #4
Note: Your answers must be correct to 3 significant figures and have the appropriate units.

I. The gas phase reaction AB

has a unimolecular reaction rate constant of 0.0025 min-1 at 90oF. This reaction is to be carried out
in parallel tubes 10 ft long and 1 in. inside diameter under a pressure of 150 psia at 260 oF. A and B
each have molecular weights of 64. Ideal gas constant R = 10.73 psiaft3/lbmoloR = 1.99
Btu/lbmoloR. The conversion of A is 80%.

1) If 1500 lb/hr of B is required, determine the feed flow rate of A in lbmol/min

____________
FA0 = 0.488 lbmol/min

2) If the activation energy of the reaction is 35,000 Btu/lbmol, the rate constant at 260oF is

k = 4.75 min-1

3) If the reaction rate constant at 260oF is 52.6 min-1 and the feed flow rate of A is 1.0 lbmol/min,
the required volume of the reactor is

V = 1.58 ft3

4) If the reaction rate constant at 260oF is 52.6 min-1, the feed flow rate of A is 1.0 lbmol/min, and
there is also an inert flow rate of 1.0 lbmol/min, the required volume of the reactor is

V =3.16 ft3
5) If the required volume of the reactor is 1.5 ft3, the number of tubes needed is____________

nt = 28
II. Thegasphasecatalyzedhydrogenationofocresolto2methylcyclohexanoneisgivenby

ocresol(A)+2H2(B)2methylcyclohexanone(C)

Thereactionrateonanickelsilicacatalystwasfoundtobe

-rA=kPB,wherek=1.74molofocresol/(kgcatminatm)at170oC

Thereactionmixtureentersthepackedbedreactoratatotalpressureof5atm.Themolarfeed
consistsof67%H2and33%ocresolatatotalmolarrateof40mol/min.

6) Neglectingpressuredrop,writetheconcentrationofCAintermofCA0andX.

(1 - X )
CA = CA0
(1 - 2 X / 3)

7) If the pressure drop is not negligible, we need to solve the following ODEs

dX (1 - X ) dy (1 - 2 X / 3)
= 0.435 y, and = - 0.34 , where y = P/P0
dw (1 - 2 X / 3) dw 2y

The above two ODEs can be solved using the following Matlab statements and function

A) wspan=0:.1:4.8; B) wspan=0:.1:4.8;
[w,xy]=ode45('f4d22b',wspan,[0 0]); [w,xy]=ode45('f4d22b',wspan,[0 1]);

function wx = f4d22b(W,xy) function wx = f4d22b(W,xy)

X=xy(1);y=xy(2); X=xy(1);y=xy(2);
wx(1,1)=0.435*(1-X)*y/(1-2*X/3); wx(1,1)=0.435*(1-X)*y/(1-2*X/3);
wx(2,1)=-0.34*(1-2*X/3)/(2*y); wx(2,1)=-0.34*(1-2*X/3)/(2*y);

C) wspan=0:.1:4.8; D) None of the above

[w,xy]=ode45('f4d22b',wspan,[0 1]);

function wx = f4d22(W,xy)
X=xy(1);y=xy(2);
wx(1,1)=0.435*(1-X)*y/(1-2*X/3);
wx(2,1)=-0.34*(1-2*X/3)/(2*y);
III. Afermentationbrothconsistsofanaqueoussolutionofnutrientsandcells.Asthecells
grow,theyclusterintosphericalpelletsofradiusR(t).Onaverage,thecelldensityinsidea
pelletis0.04mgofcellmasspercubicmillimeterofpelletvolume.Thedissolvedoxygen
concentrationinthebrothis5 g/cm3.Thecellsutilizeoxygenatarateof1.2mmolof
oxygenperhourpergramofcellmass,viaazeroorderreaction.Thediffusioncoefficient
DABofoxygenwithinthepelletis1.8105cm2/s.Thecellsandbrothhavedensitiescloseto
thatofwater.Thereisafiniteconvectiveresistancetomasstransfertothesurfaceofthe
pellet,suchthatthefluxtothesurfaceisgivenby

molarflux=kc(CB-CP)

whereCBisthebrothoxygenconcentrationandCPisthe(unknown)concentrationofoxygen
atthepelletsurface.

8) Determine the reaction rate, R, per unit volume of the cell in mol/(cm3s)

R = 1.3310-8 mol/(cm3s)

9) IfR = 2.5109mol/(cm3s),R=5.0102cmand2kcR/DAB=4determineCP(g/cm3)

CP = 3.15106g/cm3

10) If R is the reaction rate per unit cell volume, the differential equation for the concentration of
oxygen, CA,inthesphericalpelletis
D d 2 dC A D AB d 2 dC A
A) AB r +R = 0 B) r -R = 0
r 2 dr dr r dr dr

D AB d 2 dC A D)Noneoftheabove
C) r -R = 0 Ans
r 2 dr dr
CHE 304 (Spring 2007)
__________________
LAST NAME,
FIRST
Quiz #5
Note: Your answers must be correct to 3 significant figures and have the appropriate units.

I.Awellmixedsewagelagoon(ashallowpond)isreceiving430m3/dofsewageoutofasewer
pipe.Thelagoonhasasurfaceareaof10 5m2andadeptof1.0m.Thepollutantconcentrationin
therawsewagedischargingintothelagoonis250g/m 3.Theorganicmatter(pollutant)inthe
sewagedegradesbiologicallyinthelagoonaccordingtofirstorderkinetics.Thereactionrate
constantis0.070/d.Assumingnootherwaterlossesorgains,findthesteadystateconcentration
ofthepollutantinthelagooneffluent.

CA = 14.5 g/m3

II.Anairbornesphericalcellularorganism,0.015cmindiameter(D),utilizes40.0molO2per
hour,pergramofcellmass.Assume Sh = kmD/DAB =4(basedon DAB inthegasphase.)
Assume zeroorder kinetics for respiration. The diffusion coefficient for O2 through the
cellularmaterialis105cm2/sandthediffusioncoefficientforO2inairis0.18cm2/sat298oK.
Theequilibriumconcentration(CA)ofO2inthecellularmaterialsisrelatedtothepartialO 2
pressure(pA)bytherelationCA(mol/cm3)=7.0106pA(atm).Densityofcellis1g/cm 3.Air
isat1atmwith21mole%oxygen.GasconstantRg=82.06cm3atm/moloK

2)Atsteadystate,determinetheconcentrationofoxygen(mol/cm 3)inairatthesurfaceofthe
cellularorganism.

km = 8.01106g/cm3

3) If the concentration of oxygen in air at the surface of the cellular organism is 8.5106
mol/cm3,theconcentration ofoxygen(mol/cm3)inthecell atthesurfaceofthecellular
organismis
___________
CAs|cell = 1.455106mol/cm3
III.Hexamethylenetetraamnie,N4(CH2)6,istobeproducedinawellstirredsemibatchreactor
byadding20oCaqueousammoniasolutionataconstantrateof25liters/mintoaninitialcharge
offormalinsolution:

6HCHO+4NH3>N4(CH2)6+6H2O
(A)(B)

The reaction is instantaneous, irreversible, and exothermic. The initial charge of formalin
solution is 5000 liters with a formaldehyde concentration, CAi, of 20.0 mol/liter. The
concentrationofammoniainthesolutionisCB=12.0mol/liter.Heatcapacityofbothammonia
andformalinsolutionis1000cal/literoC.Heatofreactionis-74.6kcal/molofN4(CH2)6.The
initialtemperatureofformalinsolutioninthereactoris25oC.

4)Therateofheatgeneratedbythechemicalreactionis ____________

-5595kcal/min

5)Timerequiredforcompleteconsumptionofformaldehydeis ____________

t = 222 min

IV.ThefirstorderreactionABiscarriedoutinanadiabaticCSTRwithCA0=2mol/liter
andT0=300oK.Itisfoundthat50%conversionisobtainedwith(=V/Q)=4min,andthe
reactortemperatureis350oK.

6)Thereactionrateconstantkat350oKis
___________
k=0.25min 1

7)ThereactionisinwaterwithCp=1000cal/literoK.Findtheheatofreaction.
___________

Hr = -50kcal/mol
V.Theirreversible,liquidphasereactionABistobecarriedoutinanidealPFR.Theinlet
concentrationofA, CA0,is2,500mol/m3,andthefeedtemperature is150oC.Thefractional
conversion of A in the reactor effluent must be at least 0.90. The reactor will operate
isothermallyat150oC.ThereactionissecondorderinA.Therateconstantat150oCis1.40104
m3/(molAs).At150oCHRx=-165kJ/mol.Theflowratetothereactoris0.01m3/s.

8)DeterminethevolumeofthePFRrequiredfor90%conversion. ___________

V= 0.257m3

9)Determinetherate(kJ/min)atwhichheatisremovedfromthewholereactor. ___________

Q&=2.23105 kJ/min

10
xn
VI)(10)ThefollowingMATLABprogramcanevaluate ( -1) n forx=2
n 0 ( 2n + 1)!
A. C.
x = 2; x = 2;
sum = 1; sum = 1; z = x;
For n=0:10 For n=1:10
sum = sum + (-1)^n*x^n/factorial(2*n+1); z = -z*x/(2*n+1); sum = sum+z
end end
B. (Ans.) D.
x = 2; None of the above
sum = 1; z = 1;
For n=1:10
z = -z*x/(2*n)/(2*n+1); sum = sum+z
end