BNG M T MC KIN THC, K NNG

Chng: I CNG KIM LOI

CP
/TN NHN BIT THNG HIU VN DNG VN DNG CAO
CH
- Nu c v tr, c im cu
V tr- cu to
hnh lp electron ngoi cng, lin
kim loi
kt kim loi.
S cu 1
S im 0,4 im
T l % 4%
- Nu c tnh cht vt l chung:
- Vit phng trnh ha hc
nh kim, do, dn in v dn
lin quan n kim loi
nhit tt.
gii thch cc hin tng th
- Nhn bit c quy lut sp xp
- D on c chiu phn nghim v hin tng thc
trong dy in ha cc kim loi - Gii c bi tp hn hp
ng oxi ha - kh da vo t.
(cc nguyn t c sp xp theo kim loi phn ng vi cc cht
Tnh cht- dy in ho. - Vn dng tnh ton c
chiu gim dn tnh kh, cc ion oxi ha mnh: HNO3, H2SO4
Dy in ha - Vit c cc PTHH phn lng cht trong cc bi
kim loi c sp xp theo chiu c, ..., phn ng vi dung dch
ng oxi ho - kh chng ton lin quan n kim loi.
tng dn tnh oxi ho). mui, ...
minh tnh cht ca kim loi. - Vn dng dy in ha
- Tnh cht ho hc chung l tnh
xt chiu hng phn ng,
kh (kh phi kim, ion H+ trong
so snh mc ca cc cp
nc, dung dch axit, ion kim loi
oxi ha kh.
trong dung dch mui).

S cu 2 3 2 1
S im 0,8 im 1,2 im 0,8 im 0,4 im
T l % 8% 12% 8% 4%
 - Xc nh % kim loi trong
- Nu c cc khi nim hp hp kim.
kim, tnh cht (dn nhit, dn - Hiu c s khc nhau v
Hp Kim in, nhit nng chy...), ng tnh cht vt l, s ging nhau
dng ca mt s hp kim (thp v tnh cht ha hc ca hp
khng g, uyara). kim so vi kim loi nguyn
cht ban u.

S cu 1 1
S im 0,4 im 0,4 im
T l % 4% 4%

- Vn dng kin thc n

mn ho hc v n mn
- Nu c cc khi nim: n - Phn bit c n mn ho
in ho gii thch mt - Pht hin c mt s hin
mn kim loi, n mn ho hc, n hc v n mn in ho. L
S n mn s hin tng thc t lin tng n mn kim loi trong
mn in ho. gii c nguyn tc ca cc
kim loi quan n n mn kim loi, thc tin v s dng kin thc
- Nu c cc iu kin xy ra phng php chng n mn
ng thi s dng, bo qun ha hc gii thch
s n mn kim loi. kim loi.
hp l mt s dng bng
kim loi v hp kim.

S cu 2 2 2 1
S im 0,8 im 0,8 im 0,8 im 0,4 im
T l % 8% 8% 8% 4%

- Nu c nguyn tc chung v
cc phng php iu ch kim
iu ch kim
loi (in phn, nhit luyn, dng
loi
kim loi mnh kh ion kim loi
yu hn).
- Gii thch c cc phng
- La chn c phng
php iu ch kim loi. - Gii c cc bi ton in
php iu ch kim loi c
- Vit c cc phng trnh phn dung dch.
th cho ph hp.
phn ng iu ch kim loi.
 S cu 2 2 2 1
S im 0,8 im 0,8 im 0,8 im 0,4 im
T l % 8% 8% 8% 4%

Tng s cu 8 8 6 3
Tng s im 3,2im 3,2im 2,4im 1,2im
T l % 32% 32% 24% 12%
BIT:

Cu 1. Kim loi no sau y tc dng c vi dung dch HCl?

A. Cu. B. Zn. C. Hg. D. Ag.

Cu 2. Nhn nh no sau y ng?

A. Hp kim l vt liu c to thnh t 2 kim loi.

B. Trn thc t, hp kim c s dng nhiu hn kim loi nguyn cht.

C. Tnh cht ca hp kim khng ph thuc vo thnh phn cc n cht to nn hp kim.

D. Cc hp kim khng b n mn.

Cu 3. Kim loi dn in tt nht l

A. Au. B. Ag. C. Al. D. Cu.

Cu 4: Trng hp no sau y xy ra n mn in ho?

A. Si dy bc nhng trong dung dch HNO3.

B. t l st trong kh Cl2.

C. Thanh nhm nhng trong dung dch H2SO4 long.

D. Thanh km nhng trong dung dch CuSO4.

Cu 5. Dy cc kim loi c iu ch trong cng nghip bng phng php in phn nng chy
hp cht ca chng l

A. Fe, Ca, Al. B. Na, Ca, Zn. C. Na, Cu, Al. D. Na, Ca, Al.

Cu 6. Nguyn tc chung iu ch kim loi l

A. kh ion kim loi trong cc hp cht. B. in phn dung dch mui ca kim loi.

C. in phn nng chy oxit kim loi. D. kh oxit kim loi bng CO hay H2.

Cu 7. Nguyn t Mg (Z= 12) c cu hnh electron l

A. [Ne]3s2. B. [Ne]3s23p2. C. [He]3s2. D. [He] 3s23p2.

Cu 8. Pht biu no sau y ng ?

A. S n mn kim loi l s ph hy kim loi hoc hp kim do tc dng ca cc cht trong mi

trng xung quanh.

B. n mn ha hc l qu trnh oxi ha kh trong kim loi b n mn v pht sinh dng in.

C. S ph hy kim loi do tc dng vt l l mt dng n mn ca kim loi.

D. S ph hy gang , thp trong khng kh m ch yu do n mn ha hc.

THNG HIU

Cu 1. Cho cc kim loi: Al, Fe, Cu, Na, Ag. S kim loi phn ng c vi dung dch CuSO4 l

A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.

Cu 2. loi b tp cht ng c trong kim loi bc m khng lm thay i khi lng bc ban
u, c th dng lng d dung dch

A. Fe(NO3)3. B. AgNO3. C. HCl. D. Fe(NO3)2.

Cu 3. tinh ch bt bc kim loi c ln tp cht l Zn, Sn, Pb, c th khuy loi bc ny trong
dung dch mui X ly d. X c th l

A. AgNO3. B. Pb(NO3)2. C. Sn(NO3)2. D. Zn(NO3)2.

Cu: Trong hp kim AlMg, c c 9 mol Al th c 1 mol Mg. Thnh phn phn % theo khi lng
ca Al v Mg trong hp kim ln lt l

A. 80% ; 20%. B. 81% ; 19%.

C. 91% ; 9% . D. 83% ; 17%.

Cu: Tin hnh bn th nghim sau:

- Th nghim 1: Nhng thanh Fe vo dung dch FeCl3;

- Th nghim 2: Nhng thanh Fe vo dung dch CuSO4;

- Th nghim 3: Nhng thanh Cu vo dung dch FeCl3;

- Th nghim 4: Cho thanh Fe tip xc vi thanh Cu ri nhng vo dung dch HCl. S trng hp
xut hin n mn in ho l

<$> 1. <$> 2. <$> 4. <$> 3.

Cu 4. Cho kh CO (d) qua ng s cha hn hp X gm Al2O3, MgO, Fe3O4, CuO (nung nng)
thu c cht rn Y. Cho Y vo dung dch NaOH (d), khuy k, thu c phn khng tan Z (Cho
rng cc phn ng xy ra hon ton). Z gm c:
A. MgO, Fe, Cu. B. Mg, Fe, Cu. C. MgO, Fe3O4, Cu. D. Mg, Al, Fe, Cu.
Cu 5. Phng php chng n mn kim loi no sau y khng hp l?

A. Gn cc tm thic ln v tu bin bng thp.

B. M crom cc vt bng st.

C. Ph mt lp nha ln cc vt bng st.

D. Bi du m (ankan) ln b mt kim loi.

Cu 6. Dy cc kim loi c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch mui tng
ng l

A. Al, Fe, Cr. B. Fe, Cu, Ag. C. Mg, Zn, Cu. D. Na, Ag, Au.

VN DNG

Cu 1. Cho 4,58 gam hn hp gm ba kim loi Zn, Fe v Cu vo dung dch cha 0,082 mol
CuSO4, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch X v kt ta Y cha

A. Cu, Zn. B. Cu, Fe. C. Cu, Fe, Zn. D. Cu.

Cu 2. Tin hnh 4 th nghim:

+ TN1: Cho Na v bt Al2O3 (t l mol 1: 1) vo nc d.

+ TN2: Cho bt Fe vo dung dch HNO3 long (t l mol Fe: HNO3= 3: 8).

+ TN3: Cho hn hp cha Fe3O4 v Cu (t l mol 1: 1) vo dung dch HCl d.

+ TN4: Cho bt Zn vo dung dch FeCl3 (t l mol Zn: FeCl3 = 1: 2).

Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, s th nghim thu c cht rn l

A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 0.

Cu 3. Cho cc pht biu sau:

(1) Gang, thp t trong khng kh m s xy ra s n mn in ha hc.
(2) Ni on dy ng vi on dy nhm ri ngoi khng kh lu ngy, ti mi ni, ng s b
n mn trc.
(3) bo v v tu bin bng thp, ngi ta gn vo mt ngoi ca v tu (phn chm di nc)
nhng khi km.
(4) Sn, xi, m, ... l mt trong nhng cch chng n mn kim loi.
S pht biu ng l
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D.4.

Cu 4. Cho 8 gam bt Cu vo 200 ml dung dch AgNO 3, sau khi phn ng hon ton thu c 9,52
gam cht rn. Nng mol ca dung dch AgNO3 ban u l

A. 0,2M. B. 0,25M. C. 0,35M. D. 0,1M.

Cu 5. Cho cc hp kim: Cu-Fe (I); Zn-Fe (II); Fe-C (III); Sn-Fe (IV). Khi tip xc vi dung dch
cht in li, cc hp kim m trong Fe b n mn trc l:

A. I, II v IV. B. I, III v IV. C. I, II v III. D. II, III v IV.

Cu 6. in phn dung dch X cha 0,01 mol HCl, 0,01 mol FeCl3, 0,012 mol CuCl2 vi in cc
tr, bng dng in c cng 5A, sau 16 pht 5 giy thu c m gam kim loi catot. Gi tr
ca m l

A. 0,936. B. 1,328. C. 1,200. D. 1,253.

VN DNG CAO

Cu 1. Cho d Zn vo dung dch gm 0,05 mol NaNO3, HCl v 0,1 mol KNO3. Sau khi phn ng
hon ton thu c dung dch X cha m gam mui v 0,125 mol hn hp kh Y gm hai kh khng
mu, trong c mt kh ha nu trong khng kh. T khi ca Y so vi H 2 l 12,2. Gi tr ca m
gn nht vi
A. 64,05. B. 32,40. C. 51,00. D. 89,22.
Cu 2. Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp X gm Al v Al2O3 trong 1,37 lt HNO3 1M, thu c
dung dch Y v 0,672 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh Z c khi lng 1,16 gam gm hai kh N2O v N2. C
cn dung dch Y c cht rn T. Nung T n khi lng khng i thu c (m+ 2,4) gam cht
rn. Mt khc, tc dng vi cc cht trong dung dch Y th cn ti a 1,705 lt dung dch KOH
1M. Cho rng cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Phn trm khi lng ca Al trong X l

A. 16,875%. B. 14,79%. C. 17.49%. D. 15,00%.

Cu 3. in phn dung dch CuSO4 vi in cc tr, cng dng 5A, trong thi gian 9650 giy.
iu no sau y lun ng?

A. Khi lng ng thu c catot l 16 gam.

B. Khi lng kh oxi sinh ra anot l 4 gam.

C. pH ca dung dch trong qu trnh in phn lun tng ln.

D. Ch c kh thot ra anot.