Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ecuacin de vanderwaals
V =volumen
n2 a
( )
P+ 2 ( V nb )=nRT
V v =volumen molar
a
P+
V 2
( )
n
( P+ a ) ( b )=RT
2
a RT
P+ =
v 2
vb
RT a
P= 2
( b )
RT a
Tenemos que: P= 2 = RT ( vb)1a v2
( b )
2 3
RT (b ) +2 a =0
RT 2 a
2
+ 3 =0
(v b) v
2 RT 6a
3
4 =0
(v b) v
3
6 a ( vb )
T=
2 R v4
Ecuacin 1
RT 2a
2
= 3
(v b) v
Reemplazamos T en la ecuacin 1
R (
6 a ( b )
2R
4
2a
= 3
)
2
( b )
3
R
( b ) 2(6 a ( b )
2R
4
2a
= 3
)
Cancelo trminos semejantes y nos queda:
vb 4 2
= =
v 6 3
2
b=
3
2
= =b
3
1
=b
3
c =3 b
V c =3 nb
Ahora hallamos Tc
3
6 a ( c b )
T c= 4
2 R c
6 a ( 3bb )3
4
2 R (3 b )
6 a ( 2 b )3
4
2 R (3 b)
6 a ( 8 b3 )
2 R ( 81 b4 )
48 a
162 Rb
8a
T c=
27 Rb
R Tc a
Pc = 2
( c b ) c
R ( 278Rba ) a
2
( 3 bb ) (3 b)
( 278 ab ) a
(2 b) 9 b2
8a a
2
2
54 b 9 b
4a a
2
2
27 b 9 b
4a 3a
2
2
27 b 27 b
4 a3 a
27 b 2
a
Pc =
27 b2
a a a
Pc = 2
= 2
= 2
27 b ( 3b ) c
a
P=
c2
L
b=0.04267
mol
a
Pc = =73,4361 atm
27 b2
8a
T c= =305,709 K
27 Rb
L
c =3 b=0,12801
mol
a R
(Bar.L2/mol2 (barL/molK
V(L mol) ) b (L.mol) T(k) ) P(Bar)
volumen reducido ( V R )
RT a
P= 2
( b )
2
vr ( 3 b )
R (Tr ( 278bRa )) a
( 27ab ) Pr (( v ( 3 b ) )b)
2
r
R ( 278 aTrbR )
( 27ab ) Pr 3 b v b
2
r
a
9 b2 v r 2
8 aTr
a 27 b a
( )
27 b2
Pr
3 b v r b
2 2
9 b vr
8 aTr a
2
2
2 2
81 b v r 27 b 9 b v r
Pr=
a
( )
27 b 2
8 aTr a
( 22
) ( 2 2)
81b v r27 b 9 b vr
Pr=
a a
( 2
) ( )
27 b 27 b 2
27 b2 (8 aTr ) 27 b2 a
Pr=
a(81 b2 v r 27 b2 ) 9 b2 v r2 a
27 b2 a( 8Tr ) 27 b2 a
Pr=
27 b2 a(3 v r 1) 9 b 2 v r2 a
8 Tr 3
Pr= 2
3 v r1 vr
Tr Pr V(L) Vr
1,000 2,13242052 0,053 0,564
1,000 1,08712939 0,069 0,734
1,000 1,02260512 0,076 0,809
1,000 1,00188012 0,085 0,904
1,000 1 0,094 1,000
1,000 0,99968544 0,1 1,064
1,000 0,9906537 0,116 1,234
1,000 0,96871636 0,132 1,404
1,000 0,93838151 0,148 1,574
1,000 0,90387317 0,164 1,745
Tr Pr V(L) Vr
1,131 3,65368689 0,053 0,564
1,131 1,96219411 0,069 0,734
1,131 1,76053284 0,076 0,809
1,131 1,61605598 0,085 0,904
1,131 1,52596976 0,094 1,000
1,131 1,47969667 0,1 1,064
1,131 1,37995415 0,116 1,234
1,131 1,29614124 0,132 1,404
1,131 1,22090241 0,148 1,574
1,131 1,1523212 0,164 1,745
Mtodo Newton raphson
f(v) =v^3-v^2b+(va/p)+(ab/p)-(rtv^2)/p
f'(v)= 3v^2-2vb+a/p-2rtv/p
a(L^2
Bar/mol^2) b(L/mol) p(Bar) t(k) r(Bar.L/mol.k)
3,658 0,04267 73,07 304,2 0,082
PV
Tenemos que PV =nRT Y z= entonces
nRT
( PV ) real
z=
( PV ) ideal
( PV ) real
Z=
nRT