Cece e OM et ear eed Advantages and disadvantages ofencodingdata Dain has to be encoded in o-dertobe storedand processed by acomputer system. Its essential that data is encoded inte binary digits (is and Os One purpose of encacing date iso'ten to reduce thefile siza. The acvantages of reducing the fle sire incluie + enablingreal time strearring of music and video ever restricted bandwidth (e.g. homebroadband, mobile broadband) + reducing the time taken to download files + feste-cdouniaadingof websites with images, Tus orvdeo + enabling more music and video to bestored ons, DWUs, flash memory and other slorage media. ‘Another purpose of encodingis to enable different formats, to beused. The advantages of diferent formats for images includes + formats such as PNG and GIF enabling transparent backgrounds + formats such 2s GIF allowing animated images + formats such 28 JPG allowing very large colour depth, meaning that the image wil be of high quality + formats such as bitmap image file (BMP) including all the or ginal uncompresses data so thar the image is ofthe highest possible quality and can be manipulated + formats that are designed for specie software such as Pain Shop Pro und Photushop containing ayers which alow ‘or various acjusientstabe mace to theimage ard being able lo enabiear remove those ayers + vecior formatssuchas SYGateringthe shapes rather ‘than the pixels so that grapnics can be enlarpee anc reduced without oss of quality due to pixelation. ‘The main disadvantage of enoacing data is the variety of encoding methods, resulting in a lerge variety of fletynes. Problems include + the requiteccacecs may net be instalied ands a ile ‘cannot be saved in the desived format + the necessary coders must beinstallec, in order to open anencodediile + notall software is capable of opening difterenttile types + some hardware such as music and video players only play iles encoded in certain termats orexampes, CD player mayonlybe abie to play MP3 les but not ‘udio interchange ile ormat (A) or Ackanced Audio Coding (Ac) aucio files) + qualtyfimages, sound and videos is lest when files are compressed using losay compression + tee that has been enceded usingASCI| or UNICOLEneeds tobe decode using the correct format wien i isopered ifsomeinzemational chataciess have been includes using UNICODE andl the file is opened as an ASI ile, tren the intemational characters will not be recognised TASK. Compare the filetypes thal can be opened and saveo usingdliferent graphics sotware sackages Encryption One sefic type of encoding iseneryption, This is when data fsscrambled so that iteannotbe understooe. Ihe purposeofercryption isto rake thecata dificaltor impossibletoresdiifit saccessed by an unauthorised user. Data can be encryptee whonil sstered on disks orother storage media, oritcan beencrypted wen itis sent across a network such asa local atea network or the iiemet, Accessing encrypted data leptimatelyisnown ascacrypton: Caesar cipher A Gpher isa secret way of writing. In other words it is a code. Ciphers are used tocenvert a message into an encrypted massage. tls a svecial type of algorithm which defines the set of ules tofallow ta encrypta messape Roman Emperor Julius Caesar created theCeesar cipher sotat he could communicate in secrets: his general, The Caesar cipher is sometimes known as s shit cipher because itselects replacement letters by shitting along the alphabet Inthisexample the alphabet is to be shifted by Lire. (13) lettersso that=b, b—Land so on: ve ome 71 EPP ETE epy ye So to encrypt the wordello’ wwe would use: H=KESH, whieh gives KHOR