Grammar reference am /are / is am not / are not / is not be yes / no questions, and short answers be Wh- questions; subject pronouns and possessive adjectives Present simple 1st and 2nd person statements and negatives Present simple yes / no questions, short answers Plural nouns, there is, there are Countable and uncountable nouns; some and any Present simple Wh- questions Present simple 3rd person statements and negatives, yes / no questions, short answers was / were statements and negatives was / were yes / no questions, Wh- questions Past simple statements and negatives Possessive 's Past simple yes / no questions, Wh- questions Past simple irregular verbs statements and negatives Prepositions for, in, at; Infinitive complements (purpose) Present continuous statements and negatives Present continuous yes / no questions, Wh- questions Frequency adverbs Expressions of frequency Prepositions of movement this | that/ these / those; here / thereROR RMN il ai HE ETE LL Present simple passive Prepositions of place 1 Past simple passive cant can’t Questions with How Questions with Can could / could not (couldn't) all! most/ some! a few Present continuous for future plans Comparative adjectives should! should not (shouldn't) more and less must/ must not (mustn't the, a/ an Superlative adjectives the will for scheduled events Imperatives, Sequencing allowed / permitted and prohibited Prepositions of place 2 when with present tense Instructions with if (zero condition) have to Instructions with unless Order of adjectives 1 - people Order of adjectives 2 — objects List of Regular Verbs List of irregular Verbs List of Modal Verbs List of Irregular Comparative and Superlative Adjectives Answer key ie pm any isi 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 4 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 100 102 104 106 110 11 11 112CTE at 1 wstatent subject verb object Peter isi teary Svea plural nown My father iol possessive adjective verb adjective Michie i in Totwon noun verb preposition We often ran noun adverb verb Tony ae Phe army. noun verb article sment Peter is in tlw army, Negative He's not i the ney. Question Is iva sergeant? Clause (part ofa sentence) Wieit you arr 10 fo pai reception.Verb tenses Imperative Come here. Present simple We live in Warsaw. Present continuous They are studying English Past simple Napoleon commanded the French army, Future willbe there next week. Conditional If you are late, say sorry Vowels Consonants bod Eg bik Lm npg ts bY WX Ye Punctuation comma full stop apostrophe capital letter A question mark? Tasks Match. Complet 1 We live in Warsaw. Put the words in order. 1 live | in | we | Warsaw We live in Warsaw. Correct. 1 We have live in Warsaw. We haw live in Warsaw, Write in full. 1 We / in Warsaw. We lie in Warsaw.) am/are/is be statements: positive We are Australian. 1 am You are He She is Australian. It We are You are ‘They are I'm You're He's She's Australian. Its We're You're They're ‘We use fo be for names, nationalities and work. Lam George. I'm George. My name is George. My name's George She is British She's British. We are from the BBC. We're from the BBC.Gromimar (as\S be statements: positive 1 Put the words in order. 1 Toannis | am | 1 |. Fam Ioannis. 2 name | Trevor | is | My | 7 3 American | T | am | ~ 4 friend | is | This | Ahmed | my | Write in full. Jane’s English. Jane is English. We're from Spain. You're Japanese. - My name's Jerry. oe 1 2 3 4 5 3 Write sentences. I'm Karen. 7 1. He is David Strong. David is from Britain. He is from ITV. 2 3 os 2 = 4 4 Complete the conversation. ‘Aiko. Hello, my name (1) is Aiko Kobayashi. Jean Hello, Aiko. 1 2) .nnsnomnen Jean Devreaux. Aiko And this (3) a0 2 i Jean This (4) soon my friend, Peter. He (5) American, Peter Hello, Aiko.Fee ee Ae be statements: negative ‘He's not Australian. 1 am You are He She is Tt not Australian. We are You are ‘They are I'm You're He's She's not Its We're ‘Australian. You're They're subject + be + not Tm not Jane, He's not French. They're not soldiers. NOTE Y Lam not Australian, X Lam'nt Australian, aren‘t isn’t Australian. aren't aren't aren'tam not 1 Match. 1 Ym Polish. a 2. I'm from Australia b 3 I'm Bbru Tekin, c 4 I'm from CNN, d is not 2 Complete the sentences. Use is + not. 1 2. He's from Spain. He 3. Muriel is from Paris. She 4. The book is from Britain. It 5 Ahmed is Pakistani. He are not 3 Write in full. 1 Wearen’t American. We are not American. ‘They're from Algeria. They aren’t French, You aren’t in this class. You're in class 2. We're not from CCTV. am /is /are not 4 Complete the sentences. 1 not Katy Black She's not Katy Black, shes Katy Brown. not Max and Maxine Smith We not Ahmed Kara He not Gregor and Martin Morea They not Jim Bond I I'm not from New Zealand. Y'm not Ebru Tekel T'm not from the BBC. V'm not French. Joanna is Polish. She isn't British . (not British) (not French) (not from Lyon) (not from America) (not Algerian) (Katy Brown) (Max and Maxine Stevens) (Ahmet Kaya) (Greta and Martin Morea) (John Bond)be yes / no questions and short answers bbe yes / no questions and short answers Are you a doctor? Yes, Lam. No, 'm not. Am Ladoctor? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. (are not) ‘Are you a doctor? Yes, 1am. No, I'm not. (am not) Ishea doctor? Yes, he No, he isn’t. (is not) Isshea doctor? Yes, she is. No, she isn’t. (is not) Isita hospital? Yes, itis. No, it isn’t. (is not) Are we doctors? Yes, we are. No, we aren’t. (are not) Are you doctors? Yes, you are. No, you aren't. (are not) Are they doctors? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. (are not) ‘be + subject + object Yes No, + subject + be/ be not Are you George?—__-Yes, Lam. [No, Ym not. Is your name George? Yes, itis./ No, it isn’t Is he Algerian? Yes, he is. Are they engineers? No, they aren’ NOTE Are you a soldier? Yes, Lama soldier. > Yes, Lam. ‘Are you a doctor? No, 'm not a doctor. —+ No, I'm not Punctuation ¥ Yes, Lam. X Yes Lam. X Yes, im, Y No,'mnot. — X Nol'm not.Short answers 1 Look at the picture and answer the questions. 1 Ishis name Budi? Yes, itis. 2. Ishe Japanese? 3. Ishe from Jakarta? 4 Ishe in the police force? 5 Ishe an engineer? Is... ? 2 Look at the picture and write questions. 1 Ishe American? 2 3 4 Are 3 Match the questions and answers. 1 Are they Russian? a Yes, we are. 2. Are you journalists? b No, I'm not, I'm in the air force. 3. Are you in the police force? © Yes, Lam. 4 Are you an interpreter? No, they’re not. yes / no questions and short answers 4 Complete the conversation. A) Frederick in the army? B_No,he@) A Oh, (3) he in the navy? B Yes, he (4) A 6) he an engincer? B_ No, he (6) an engineer. a) he a sailor? B No, (8) he He's an airman.be Wh- questions; subject pronouns and Possess ar Ce Cry Wh- questions What's your job? my your his What is her jobs? Where are its our your their Question word + be + object What is your name? NOTE ‘what's = what is where's = where is Y what are x what're ¥ where are =X where're ‘We use what for things and people. What's her name? ‘We use where for places. ‘Where's she from? Subject pronouns and possessive adjectives Tm Varga Andras. My first name’s Andras. I my you your heWh- questions 1 Complete. Use where or what. 1 is yourname? 3 is his job? 2 are you from? 4 in America are you from? Put the words in order. 1 ig | What | first | her | name | ? 2. job | is | What | her | ? 3. from | is | Where | she | ? 4° rank | is | What | her | ? 5 telephone | is | number | her | What | ? 3 Read and answer the questions in 2. er 1 Her first name és Sara, * 3 4 5 4 Read and write questions. 1 (ast name) What's his last name? A- 6192 2 (rank) ores oe Frank Sawyer 3. (from) Sergeant British 4 (telephone number) 0208 530211 (e-mail address) fsawyer@hatmail.com Possessive adjectives 5 Complete. Use my, your, his, her, its, ur or their. 1 name's Derek. What's name? 2 He's Sergeant Wemba. first name's John. 3 name is Bitchita. She's in the army. rank is captain. 4° Here's card. Where is card? 5 English teacher is from New Zealand, teacher is American.Present simple 1st and 2nd person statements and negatives Present simple statements We learn military skills. I You We learn military skills You They ‘subject + verb + object Live in the city. They wear a wniform, Present simple negatives We do not (don't) go home during the week. 1 You We donot (don’t) go home during the week. You They subject + do not + verb + object We don’t eat in the barracks, They don't go home at weekends. We use the present simple to talk about things that are generally true. Soldiers learn military skills in basic training.Statements 1 Complete. Use these words. teach live speak wear 1 German and English 2 We in Madrid. 3. Soldiers military uniforms, 4 NCOs basic military skils Negatives 2 Make negative. Civilians 1 live in barracks 3. do weapons training Civilians don’t live in barracks. 2 wear uniforms. 4 learn military skills. Statements and negatives 3 Complete the text with the verbs in brackets in the correct form. Basic training in the British Army In the British army, soldiers (1) (be) volunteers. They (2) (do) basic training at an Army Training Regiment (ATR). Basic training ° (be) 12 weeks. Army instructors (4) (train) recruits in basic military skills. They (5) (teach) new soldiers weapons training, military education and drill. Soldiers (6) (not learn) specialised skills in basic training, During basic training soldiers (7) (not go) home in weeks one to five. They (8) (go) home from Thursday to Sunday in week six. They 0 {not go) home again before they (10) (graduate) 4 Correct the sentences. In the British Army soldiers are not volunteers. soldiers do basic training at Basic Training School. new recruits do not do drill. instructors teach dancing soldiers go home in week four. Soldiers are volunteersPresent simple yes /no questions and shor! answers Do you work on Monday? Yes, I do. | No, I don't. Dol work on Monday? —_Yes, you do. No, you don’t. (do not) Do you work on Monday? Yes, I do. No, I don’t. (do not) Do we work on Monday? Yes, we do. No, we don't. (do not) Do they work on Monday? Yes, they do. No, they don’t. (do not) Do+ subject + verb ‘Do you have weapons training on Tuesday? NOTES Do they have foot drill on Saturday? Yes, they have foot drill on Saturday. —* Yes, they do. Do you learn German in the army? No, we don't learn German. + No, we don't Punctuation Y Yes, they do, X Yes they do. Y No, theydon't. —-X_ No they don't ‘We use the present simple to talk about things that are generally true and everyday routines. Do you live in Moscow? No, I don’t. Do you do FTX on Monday afternoon? Yes, IdoGrammar task Short answers Correct the answers. 1 Do you wear a uniform? 2 Do soldiers do basic training in your country? 3 Do you walk 15 kilometres for foot march? 4 Do you work on Sunday? 5 Do soldiers train with weapons? yes /no questions 2 Put the words in order. 1 English | you | Do | speak | ? 2 your | Do | you | French | know | ? 3. homework | their | your | classmates | Do | 4 you | Do | studying | like | ? yes /no questions and short answers 3 Write in full. Basic training schedule Monday Tuesday Wednesday moming drill train with FTX weapons afternoon firstaid map FIX training reading 1 1 Platoon / drill on Monday? (do) .. 2. they / with weapons on Thursday? (train) Yes, Ihave. do ‘Yes, they are. No, Ido. No, I'm not. Yes, they train, do |? ‘Thursday Friday foot march drill learn communications English training, 3. the recruits / map reading on Tuesday afternoon? (do) they / English on Wednesday? (learn) they / communications training on Friday? (ha 4 Read and answer the questions in 3. we)Plural nouns; there is, there are Plural nouns The company has three platoons. We've got two map reading classes today. singular plural spelling plane (two) planes +s class (two) classes: tes company (two) companies + ies Form most nouns: add -s car + cars hnouns that end with : delete-y, add ies company -* companies nouns that end with -s,-85,-sh, ch, add -es class —» classes. We use a / anor the with singular nouns. We often use numbers with plural nouns. Thave a map reading class today. She has two English classes tomorrow. ‘Some plural nouns are irregular: man > men woman => women child > children there is, there are There's a French class this afternoon and there are two tomorrow. ‘We use there is for singular nouns and there are for plural nouns. There is one radio. There are four maps. Plural nouns 1 Look at the picture and write. 1 Two = 4° Four 2 Three ee Oe 3. Twoa : 8 fet or E (oe Ll tall (GB 4 2 Complete the sentences. 1 We have seven new this week. (recruit) 2 Recruits have sixty-four in basic training. (day) 3. Recruits are organised into (company) 4 They do five mile (march) 5 They have two of first aid. (class) 6 In one and two they do drill every day. (week) 7 They don't live with their... (family) 8 They come from different (country) Plural nouns and there is, there are 3 Correct the sentences. In picture A .. 1 there are ten soldiers. There aren't tex soldiers, there are eight soldiers. 2. there is one soldier with a rifle. 3. there are four trucks. 4 there are six jeeps. 5 there are four helicopters. 6 there are two IVs. 4 Write sentences about picture B. 1Countable and uncountable nouns; some and any Countable and uncountable nouns ‘There is some soap and there are two towels. Countable nouns Uncountable nouns towels money razors Howmmy...?- soap How much batteries shampoo ‘We can count countable nouns. We can use a/ an with countable nouns. The towel costs £4.00. Four towels cost £15.00, I have a towel in the bathroom. We cannot count uncountable nouns. Uncountable nouns have a singular verb. We do ‘not use a number or a/ an. ‘The sun cream costs $14.50. XA sun cream costs $14.50. We use there is with uncountable nouns. We use there is / are with countable nouns. ‘There is soap in the washroom. There are three keys We ask about countable nouns with How many How many + subject (plural noun) + are How many trucks are there? ‘We ask about uncountable nouns with How much ...? How much + uncountable noun + is Howw much money i it? some and any Do you have any shoe polish? Yes, and there are some shoe brushes here. Countable nouns Uncountable nouns Statements ‘There are four pens. We have some deodorant, ‘There are some pens, ‘There is some deodorant. Negatives Idon’t have any batteries. I don’t have any sun cream. ‘There aren't any batteries. There isn't any sun cream, Questions Is there a razor? Is there any toothpaste? Are there any razors? Do you have any toothpaste? Do you have a battery? Do you have any batteries? We use some in statements. Thave some batteries. ‘We use any in negative statements and questions with uncountable and plural countable nouns. We don’t have any soap. Do you have any towels?Countable and uncountable nouns 1 Put these words into groups. razor soap battery money toothpaste toothbrush radio shaving cream polish towel deodorant dollar shop Countable: Uncountable: Countable and uncountable nouns; some and any 2 Write sentences. There are three razors. There is some shampoo. 3 Match the questions and answers. 1 How much is the shampoo? a Yes, we do, 2. How many towels do you want? b No, there aren't 3. Do you sell sun cream? Three, please. 4 Are there any batteries? d's £2.25, 4 Complete the conversations. Use these words. toothpaste It’s much Is are any many some A. Good morning A Hello. B_ Do you sell (1) 2 B_ Hello, have you got ® razors? A. Yes, we do. A Yes, we have. How B How (2) isit? 6 do you want? ae) Ca B_ Two, please. How much 6 they? A} 75p for one. B > And I'd like (8) shaving cream. A. That's £3.00, please. «fCPresent simple Wh- questions Present simple Wh- questions What do you do in the afternoon? Where do you have classes? What do T/you / we / RY earn in NBC training? does he / she / it Where = ig / you / we / they What time have NBC training? When d0es_he /she / it ‘Wh- question word + do-+ subject + verb What do soldiers learn in NBC training? What Where is NBC training? What time are communications training classes? When How much is it? How are you? Howold is he? ‘Wh- question word + be + subject When is NBC training? We use when to ask about a period of time, we use what time to ask for an exact time. When do you start training? What time do you have breakfast? We use where to ask about a place. Where do you have lurch? ‘We use what to ask about a person or thing. What do you want? We use how ofd to ask about a person’s age and how much / many to ask about the quantity or price of something. How old are you? How much is the rifle?Time 6.00 6.30-7.00 7.00-7.30 730-800 830-1030 1030-1045, 1045-1200 12.00 SiS Wh- questions 1 Complete the questions. Use what, what time, where or when. do we have breakfast? At 7.30 a.m, is map reading class? It's in the teaching centre. do we have lunch? In the afternoon. is NBC training? Nuclear, biological and chemical training. 2 Put the words in order. bed | time | you | What | do | go | to |? do | we | When | the | captain | see | ? for | What | lunch | is | ? do | What | you | in | personal | do | time | ? 3 Read and answer 1 What time is wakeup? ‘Timetable - morning Activity Where is breakfast? Place 3. What is PT? Wakeup and wash PT (Physical training) PT centre 4 When is the first class? oe cae 5 What time is break? Classes Training cenire 6 Where are the classes Break 7 When is lunch? Classes Teining centre Lunch 4 Complete the conversation. Use these questions. What do you do in PT? How is basic training? Where do you have PT? Do you have a break? What time do you start? What do you do in class? Brian (1) Dylan It’s good. Brian (2) Dylan. We get up and wash at 6 in the morning, Then we have PT. Brian (3) Dylan We have PT in the PT centre. Brian (4) Dylan. We run and march 5 kilometres. Then we have classes from 8.30 Brian (5) Dylan Map reading and English. Brian (6) Dylan Yes, from 10.30 to 10.45. Then we have lunch at 12.Present simple 3rd person singular statements and negatives, yes / no questions and short answers Statements The NCO club opens at 7 a.m. He studies English. She teaches new recruits. It opens at 7 o'clock. Form most verbs: add -s walk + walks verbs ending with -s,-sh, -ch: add -es finish —» finishes verbs ending consonant + -y: delete -y, add -ies study -» studies subject + verb -s/ -es//-ies She walks to work. He studies every evening. Negatives He doesn't play football. He She does not / doesn’t play football It subject + does not (doesn't) + verb He doesn’t atch TV. It doesn't open at 9.00. yes /no questions and short answers Does he work on Monday? Does he work on Monday? Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t. (does not) Does she work on Monday? Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t. (does not) Does it open on Monday? _Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t. (does not) Does + subject + verb Yes / No, + subject + does / doesn't. Does he wash his clothes? Yes, he does. /No, he doesn'tStatements 1 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets in the correct form. 1 Florence vo ~- at 7.30 am. (wake up) 2 She to work. (walk) 3. She work at 9.00 a.m. (start) 4 She work at 5.30 p.m. (finish) 5 She dinner at 7.00 p.m. (eat) 6 She television for one hour. (watch) 7 She to sleep at 10.30 p.m. (go) Questions and short answers 2 Write in full. 1 Florence / up at 6.00 a.m.? Does Florence wake up at 6.00 a.m.? she drive / work? she have dinner / at 7.00 p.n.? Florence / TV for two hours? she / sleep at 9.30? 3 Read and answer the questions in 2. 1 No, she doesn’t. She wakes up at 7.30, 2 3 4 5 Negatives 4 Correct the sentences. 1 The travel centre opens in the morning, Buddy’s Travel Centre The tree! contre doesnot open the morning It opens in the afternoon, 2. Itis closed on Wednesday. Magruder Avenue Monday ~ Friday ‘200pm~ Aeon Sa 3. ‘Thebus for New York leaves fom Dise Road 4 Itleaves at 3.40 p.m Greyhound bus 5 _Itarrives in Washington at 6.00 p.m. Magruder Avenue, Yort Jackson. 2.40 pm. arrives Tew York 6.00 am.was /were statements and negatives [Nikolai was in Algeria last summer. 1 was You were He / She / It was — in Morocco last summer. We were You were ‘They were was = the past tense of am and is Ihe / she / it + was now = I am an interpreter. 11992-1999 - I svas a school teacher. were = the past tense of are you / we/ they + were now = We are from Kiew. 1990 — We were students at university ‘was not (wasn't) = the past tense of /s not Ihe / she /it + was not (wasn’t) now = I'm good at map reading, past - I zoasn’t good at school were not (weren't) = the past tense of are not you / we I they + were not (weren't) now ~ They aren't journalists, they are policemen. past — We weren’t in Germany, we were in Belgium We use was /were to talk about the past. 1x 2000 we were in Spain was Put the words in brackets in order to complete the sentences. . (was | British | He) in North Wales in 1888. (born | He | was) In 1910 at the British Museum, (was | he | assistant | an) In World War 1 saunen « (Was | Cairo | he | and | Mecca | in) “mannan against the Turkish army during World War 1. (Arabs | was | He | the | with) 6. He ceneeeessereesnnnennns if. 1935, (a motorcycle | in | accident | was)was /were 2 Complete the diary with was or were. Dear Mum, Today (1) a bad day. We (2) outside all day. it (3) training day. It (4) NBC training in the morning and obstacle course in the afternoon. In the morning the weather wasn't good — a bit cold. But during the obstacle course, it (5) cold and rainy. At the end of the day we ©) all tired, {P's lights out now ~ more tomorrow. Asif was / wasn't 3 Write in full, 1 Napoleon / a French military commander from 1793 / 1815, He / also the French Emperor / 1804 to 1814. He / the French commander at the Battle of Austerlitz (1805) against Austria / Russia, He / the commander of the French army at the battle of Jena in 1806 against Prussia, Napoleon / not the Emperor of France in 1816. was, wasn't /were, weren't 4 Write the sentences again, beginning with /. 1 You weren't very happy yesterday. 1 east very happy yesterday. You were in barracks yesterday, you weren’t at home. You were with your platoon yesterday, you weren't with your family. Yesterday you were at the obstacle course, you weren't at the NCOs club. “EsD) was / were yes / no questions and Wh- questions was /were yes /no questions ‘Were you late for class yesterday? Was [/he /'she / it late for class yesterday? Yes, 1/ he/she /it was. No, I /he / she / it was not (wasn’t). Were you /we/ they late for lass yesterday? Yes, you / we / they were: No, you / we / they were not (weren't) ‘was / were + subject + other information Were yo ant engineer? Yes, Ions. / Yes, Lens an engineer Was fv in the ai force? No, he wasn't. / No, he wasn’t in the air force. was /were Wh- questions Where was your unit in 2000? Where was I / he / she /it...? What When Who were you / we / they? Why question word + was / were + subject Where were you yesterday? Wh- questions begin with What, Where, When, Who, Why or How. We use was / were yes / no and Wh- questions to ask about the past. Was she a soldier? Yes, she wus. Where was your unit? It zoas in Lebanon.Questions and answers 1 Put the words in order. you | Where | yesterday | were | ? barracks | weren’t | Why | in | you | ? were | with | you | Who | ? Nobu | yesterday | with | you | Was | evening. pub | you | Were | at | the | sports | 7 2 Read the text and answer the questions. Horatio Nelson was born in 1758 in Norfolk, England, he was one of 11 children. When he ‘was 12 years old Nelson was in the navy and by the age of 20 he was a captain. He married in 1787. From 1793 Britain was at war with France ‘and Nelson was the commander of a ship. From 1794 to 1805, he was an Admiral in the British navy. He was in the Battle of Santa Cruz against the Spanish in 1797, and in the Battle of the Nile in 1798 against the French. He was Killed during the Battle of Trafalgar fighting the French and Spanish navies in 1805. Was Nelson in the army? Was he married in 1785? Was he at the Battle of Santa Cruz? Was he killed in the Battle of the Nile? 3 Write in full. Where / Nelson born? At what age / he a captain? When / Britain at war / France? - When / Nelson an Admiral of the British navy? . When / the Battle of Santa Cruz? = Read the text in 2 again and answer the questions in 3.Past simple statements and negatives Past simple statements Lattended Officer training school. attended Officer training school, 1/ you / he / she / it / we / you / they ved in Germany. deployed to Cyprus. studied English. subject + verb + -d/-ed /-fed 1 ived in Britain in 2002. Past simple negatives We didn’t live in Germany. did not (didn’t) live in Germany. did not (didn’t) attend Officer training school. did not (didn’t) deploy to Cyprus. did not (didn’t) study Russian. 1/ you / he / she / it / we / you / they subject + did not + verb We didn't live in Prance last year. Form verbs ending with +c: add -d close -+ closed verbs without -¢: add -ed join + joined verbs ending a /e/i/o/u+y:add-ed deploy -» deployed verbs ending -y: delete -y, add -ied carry + carried We use the past simple to talk about things / events in the past. ‘My son graduated in 2004.Verbs with -d and -ed 1 Complete the sentences. Use these verbs in the correct form. live close attend finish Are you Australian? dl A. Is there any coffee left? B I'msorry,1 itall. 2 ‘A. You speak English very well, B_ Thank you, last year I an English course. 3 A. It’s cold in here. Is the door open? B_ No, it. 4 A B No, I'm from New Zealand, but I in Australia for five years. Verbs with -ied 2 Put the verbs into groups. study carry deploy play enjoy empty 1 Past: verb + -ed 2 Past: verb + -ied Negative regular verbs 3 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets in the correct form. 1 Keith was posted to Northern Ireland, but he (not like) it there. 2. Joanne opened the window, but she (not close) it again, 3 Lei started the homework, but he (not finish) it. 4 Hamed listened to the Colonel, but he (not talk) to him. 5 wanted to go to officer school, but I (not attend) in the end. Regular verbs 4 Read and complete. Use these words. graduate join work post enter train When he was 19, Julian (1) the Australian army. He didn’t join as an officer, he joined as a private. He (2) asa driver with the Royal Australian Engineer Corps. He (3) Royal Military College in Canberra when he was 22 and (4) asa Lieutenant 18 months later. He was then (5) to Ist Armoured Regiment in Darwin and © in a specialist armoured unit, ©a Bigs eed Francesca - wile Possessives Ebru Dilek = Bora Turgut Dilek is Bora’s wife. = Dilek is the wife of Bora. Bora is Dilek’s husband, = Bora is the husband of Dilek. NOTE Ebru is Bora and Turgut’s mother. X Ebru is Bora’s and Turgut’s mother ‘When a name ends with -s we add 's when the extra -s is pronounced. Joanna is James's wife. However, if the extra -sis not pronounced then we common with classical names. This is Herodotus’ work. Have you seen Mr Connors’ trophy collection? t add the apostrophe; this is We use apostrophe -5(s) to show possession ara connection between people or things What is your wife's name? = her name This is Joln’s radio. = the radio belongs to John However, itis also used to show the omission ofa letter or letters. Henr’s a sergeant in the army. = Henri is a sergeant in the army. The company’s got five IFVs. = The company has got five IFVs. Possessives 4 Look at the picture and complete the sentences. Roberto - son tera’ fe ‘Antonio - husband Grasso ~ cat1 Antonio is Francesca’s husband. 2 Grasso is cat. 3 Roberto is and son, 4 Francesca is ARM ns ‘mother. 5 Winston is i dog. 2 Answer the questions. Whois. 1 Francesca? 2° Maria? - 3. Amelia? . Possessive 's 3 Write is, has or possessive's. ‘A. Is that Tony's car? (1) possessive ‘s B_Nojit’s ROL, 2) on Ws Anthea’s. (3) ‘Tony's car isin the garage. (4) Why? What's wrong with i? 6) B_ It’s got a problem with the engine. (6) 4 Rewrite the sentences. aimora Sectland 1 Prince Phillip is the husband of the Queen. Prince Phillip is the Queen's husband. 2 Buckingham Palace is the home of the Queen in London. 3. Balmoral is the home of the Queen in Scotland. 4 Charles is the name of the son of the Queen, 5. Camilla is the wife of Prince Charles.Past simple yes /no questions Did you finish the homework? Teacher Did you finish the homework? Dylan Yes, Idi. / Yes, 1 finished i Florence No, I didn't. /No, | didn't finish it I 1 you Yes you aid. pia Be/ 81 finish the homework! be /ana/® you No you they they Did + subject + verb Did they wash their hands? Past simple Wh- questions When did they go on holiday? What you vie che /it + verb? Wren aid he fshe /it + » pine you Why they Wh- question word + did + subject + verb When did you finish your training?yes /no questions 1 Look at the timetable and answer the que Did Jibing do the washing up? Did he clean his room? Did he go shopping? Did he call his mum? - Did he go to the gym? Did he play video games? Wh- and yes /no questions 2 Put the words in order. 1 did | Where | go | last | you | night | ? 2 you | did | with | ? | Who | go 3. did | What | you | there | ? | do 4 you | time | What | did | back | ? | come 5. enjoy | you | yourself | ? | Did 3 Match the answers with the questions in 2. a About 9 o'clock. dd We went to the NCOs club. b I went with Rahim and Denise. © We talked and played table Yes, it was really good. .. football Wi questions 4 Write questions. 1. Janos served in Central Africa in 2001. Where did Janos serve in 2001? 2. The infantry regiment deployed to Ethiopia in 2002. Which ... Iwas with Janos every Wednesday in first aid training Who so . 4 We played football on Saturday afternoon. When - 5. The regiment had drill practice in the camp. Where@ Past simple irregular verbs Te ey Present simple Past simple do did get got give gov g0 went have had put (on) put (on) wear wore ‘Turn to page 110 for a list of irregular verbs. 4 Read the text and order the pictures.After work thad a wash and a shave T put on my new trousers and wore a good T-shirt. I gave Jott a call but didn’t call Dave, It was Jane’s birthday party and [took a present for her ~ chocolates I got them on the way ome from work, When I got to the party I ssas late, Jeff and Dave were there: f went to Jane and gave her the chocolates and a birthday kiss, We had a good time — 1 Toft at 2am. and went home. 2 Read the text again and underline nine irregular past tense verbs. Past simple regular and irregular verbs 3 Put the verbs into groups. do like enter go graduate serve have: listen wear open five take deploy Regular: Irregular 4 Complete the conversation with the verbs in brackets in the correct form. A. Hello Fim, how (1) your weekend? (be) B It was great We (2) a Tot of things. (do) A What did you do? B_ On Saturday morning, we (3) shopping. (go) Where did you go? B Wed) to the new shop. After that and went bowling with the children. (go / haved 66) tuneh Oh, really, we went bowling tov on Saturday afternoon B We) you there, but we (7) there very long — we left after half an hour (not see / not be) A What about Sunday? What did you do then? B Wels) {Lot. We got up late and had breakfast. After that we “ the children to see their granelparents. (not do / take) A. Were they happy to see them? B Yes, my wife’s mother and father love the children aPrepositions: for, in and at; Infinitive complements Prepositions: for, in, at ‘They work for NATO in Germany. for + organisation Andras works for NATO. in place of work He's a language instructor in the school of English n+ country Shinichi worked in Malaysia last year. {in + department or section Joanna is in the engineering corps. ins army | navy / ait force / police force Prince Andrew wns in the navy. al+ place of work Vivienne works at the hospital. Infinitive complements ‘The main function of the engineers is to build ronds and bridges. ‘subject + be + to + verb (infinitive complement) ‘The mission of the Intelligence corps is to collect information about the enemy. ‘We use infinitive complements to talk about the mission, aim or objective of something. The mission of the Royal Artillery is to provide fire support. ‘The aim of weapons training és to practise firing weapons. ‘The objective of NBC training is to prepare soldiers for nuclear, biological or chemical warfare.for, in, at 1 Complete the sentences with for, af or in. Eva isa journalist. She works - a newspaper. Vma clerk. | work the regiment's HQ, ‘Takao is on holiday. He's Spain, Doctor Marta works .. the Red Cross. Corporal Varga is a sports instructor. He trains soldiers the sports centre the regiment's barracks. My brother works .......... the UN. We do PT the gym. Ari worked Sri Lanka last year, Lt Green is the NCOs club. Jean’s not here. She's the PX. Boao 2 Complete the questions with for, at or in. 1 Who do you work 2 2 Which country are you stationed ? 3. Are the soldiers the sports centre? 4 Hs Tamas cooon the NCOs club? 5 Do you Work wn The Times newspaper? Intinitive complements 3 Circle the correct word. 1 The aim of the UN is to protect / collect human rights. 2. The mission of the engineer corps is to build / operate bridges and roads. 3. The aim of NATO is to provide / include security for North America and Europe, 4 Complete the sentences. Use these words in the correct form. test fight learn protect train 1. The mission of the Royal Armoured Corps the enemy: with tanks. 2 The objective of this €la88 osm about branches of the British army. 3. The aim of the fitness test sosmsmnnninan SOldiers' physical strength. 4. The mission of the School of Infantry so..nmssssnmnnnnn Soldiers, 5 _ In the US army, the mission of the Chemical Corps. the army from chemical weapons.Were playing baseball. Were not playing very well ~ were losing 1 am You are He / she /it is playing baseball We You are They subject + be + verb + -ing He is studying hard. 1 am not (I'm not) You are not (aren't) He / she / it isnot (isn’t) playing _ very well. We You are not (aren't) They subject + be + not + verb + -ing They are't listening. verbs ending with a consonant: add ~ig listen + listening verbs ending with vowel + consonant + -c: delete ~ add -ing Tose -+ losing verbs ending with vowel + consonant: add consonant + ing win -+ winning play + playing draw —+ drawing verbs ending with vowel +-y /-w: ada -ing |We use the present continuous to talk about actions happening now. ‘Our teant is winning! They're not playing well.Present continuous statements Look at the picture and write true or false. Some soldiers are having a snack. A soldier is writing a letter. A soldier is doing stretching exercises. ‘Two soldiers are talking, A soldier is cleaning his uniform Correct the false sentences. 2 Write three more sentences about the picture. Present continuous and present simple 3 Read the letter and circle the correct forms of the verbs. Dear Jo, We (1) have / are having a rest in the barracks row. Tarik and John (2) are talking / talk about today’s obstacle course. Sam (8) does / is doing sit ups. Gregor (4) is writing / writes a letter to his girfriend ~ she (8) lives / is living in Newcastle. We have drill tomorrow, and Hen (0) fe cleaning / cleans his boots. That's all from me today. Love, Fietre Present continuous statements and negatives 4 Complete the sentences. Use the words in brackets in the correct form. 1 2 3 4 'm practising Tai Chi. I~. B Company are losing. They so sane « (Wi) Jeremy is playing volleyball. He 0. (play football) nse (practise karate) We're having a terrible game. We soso (play well)Present continuous yes / no and Wh- questions Present continuous yes / no questions ‘Are you using this machine? Yes, I am. | No, I'mt not. Yes, you/we/they are. . he/she/it is ‘Are you/we/they doing exercise? Is he/she/it 1 am not. No, you/we/they aren't. he/she/it isn’t be + subject + verb « “ing ‘Are you feeling OK? Yes, Lam. Present continuous Wh- questions A. Where are you going Carlos? —-B_ I'm going to the sym. What am 1 Where When sce you /we/ they TYP Who Why is he/she /it question word + be + subject + verb + -ing What are you doing? yes / no questions 4 Match these phrases with the people in the picture. ‘Aweightlifting Bdoing karate C stretching Dadoing sit ups Efencing F playing tabletennis ra} e Ure ya a ase AA 5 eee I a : mal2 Look at the picture in 1 and answer the questions. Is Vicky doing stretching exercise? oneness ‘Are Donna and Carlos wearing karate clothes? 1 2 3. IsGraham doing stretching exercises? 4 Are Michelle and Kesavan playing table-tennis? 5 Is Geyong fencing? .. yes /no questions 3 Put the words in order. 1 Donna | Are | and | karate | Carlos | doing | ? 2 wearing | Is | Vicky | a | tracksuit | ? 3 Ling | wearing | Are | tracksuits | Geyong | and | ? 4 Look at the picture in 1 and answer the questions in 3. 1 2 3 Wh- questions 5 Write questions using the verbs in brackets in the correct form. 3 What ... 2(do) A Who 2 (make) Ym cleaning my uniform. B_ Dieter's making some tea it A B 2 A Where 2 (g0) B We're going to the sports centre yes /no and Wh- questions 6 Complete the conversation. Use these words in the correct form. watch play (x3) win lose o you -» football? No I’m not. 'm watching basketball, Who (2) 2 The Clippers and the Homets, @) the Clippers 2 No, they aren’t. They (4) . Where (5) sans? They're playing in Los Angeles. ) vow they, badly? > O>S> TS oD Yes, they are. They're terrible today.Frequency adverbs Frequency adverbs We usually go out to the NCOs club on Saturday night. 1/ you always go out on a Saturday night, usually - he/she /it— SSIMY goes out ona Saturday night sometime you / we /they ore ao out on Saturday night. subject + frequency adverb + verb They always play football on Saturday. 1/ you donot (don’t) always he/she /it- does not (doesn’t) usually go out on Saturday night. we / you / they donot (don’t) often subject + do /does not + frequency adverb + verb We don't usually go out ont Sunday evening. X-_don't never go out om Sunday evenings X He doesn’t sometimes drink cofee in the morstins He sometimes doesn't drink coffe inthe morning, ‘We use frequency adverbs to talk about how often we do something. We often use frequency adverbs to talk about timetables and dally routines. I sometimes watch TV. 1 often play football We can put usually and sometimes at the beginning, middle or end of a sentence. Sometimes I rend the paper on Sunday morning. Tsometimes read the paper on Sunday morning. Tread the paper on Sunday morning sometimes. X-_Alzoays I cdrink tea in the morning. Never I drink coffee at night X Often I go to bars at the weekend. yes /no questions Do Does + subject + frequency adverb + ver Do you usually hace NBC training on Wednesday? Do/ Does + subject + verb + often Do you come here often? ‘Wh- questions ‘Wh- question word + do /does + subject + frequency adverb + verb What do you usually do at the zcekend?Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday 1 Put the frequency adverbs into the sentences. 1 Ido homework after classes. (usually) 2 Lwash the car on Wednesday evening, (never) 3. The soldiers have fitness tests. (Sometimes) 4 We go shopping on Saturday morning, (always) ‘Tamas and Eva go to the cinema at the weekend. (often) 2 Look at the chart and complete the conversation. Sheila Sue never Monday ~ go to the gym usually Tuesday ~ watch Family watch Family and Friends often and Friends on TV always Thursday ~ visit Roberto's—_go to the cinema family Sue What did you do last week Sheila? Sheila On Monday I went to the gym ~ I (1) always go to the gym on Monday. ‘And on Tuesday we watched Family and Friends on TV ~ we @ watch it, we really like it Sue Really? 1(3) watch Family and Friends, 1 don’t like it at all Sheila What did you do on Thursday? Sue On Thursday we (4) 0 to the cinema, But we didn’t go last Thursday. How about you? What did you do? Sheila We visited Roberto’s family. We (5) go to see them on Thursday, 3 Look at the chart and write sentences for Roberto. . 1 Roberto always goes to the gym on Monday. {go to gym play tennis: watch football on TV {g0 to NCOs club visit family / goto gym 48Expressions of frequency We play football every week. we (do not /don't) play football OME 2 Thy He /She / It (does not / doesn’t) plays football Expressions of frequency with adverbs of frequency Soldiers uswally do arms drill tevice a week. You et Iwa jo arms dri eee ve always doarms drill Nei te three times a z four times a He / She /It usually does arms drill 1 by donot always doarms drill &Very ‘ once a You a twice a ‘They three times a He /She /It doesnot usually do arms drill four times a (doesn’t) ‘Questions How often do you do foot drill? How often 2° 1/408 086 CMY go fot drill? does he / she / it Do you do foot drill every day? Do I / yous we / they ay foot drill every day? Does he / she / it day day day day day day day day day day day day day day day week week week week week week week week week week week week week week month. month. month. month. month, month. month. month, month. month. month. month. month. month. month.1 Put the expressions of frequency in order. every day. twice a day 7 three times a week once a week four times a month, twice a week 2 Put the words in order. 1 PT | does | Yusuf | activities | day | every | 2 week | usually | He | goes | twice | the | swimming | to | pool | a | 3. always | He | his | week | family | once | calls | a | 3 Look at the basic training schedule and complete the text. Laura always has foot drill (1) a week, she usually does arms drill @ a week on (3) and, afternoons. @ ‘a week, on Monday, Wednesday and Friday afternoon, she has PT. She sometimes goes to the NCOs club on Friday evening or she goes to the ‘cinema, She often goes shopping (5) a week, on Monday evening, 4 Look at the chart in 3 and answer the questions. 1 How often does Laura have arms drill? 2. How often is she at home? 3. How often does she do NBC training?OM LMU) CL Prepositions of movement Go up the hill, over the bridge and through the tunnel. up down across Go up the stairs Go down the stairs. Walk across the roa. over under through Walk over the bridge. Go under the bridge, Go through the tue.Ss f Prepositions of movement 1 Look at the picture and put the conversation in order. How do you get to Colonel Richard's office? 1 and up the stairs. ‘Walk actoss the room and Colonel Richard’ office is there and go down the stairs. Go through this door, ‘Thank you. Walk over the bridge, sea 2 Look at the picture and complete the text. Soldiers start atthe start point. They climb (1) up the cargo net and climb (2) ‘They crawl Q) and climb @ soon the ropes. The soldiers jump 6 and cravl (6) soso the ditch. They crawl 7) conn an FUR S Bo They climb (9) and jump (10) ‘The soldiers a and crawl (12) They run (13) the finish line. \ 3 Circle the correct words. 1 How do you go over the cargo net? You climb up / across the net and then over / down it. h 2 How do you go over the ropes? You climb up / over them and jump down / acres 3 How do you go through the tunnel? You crawl up / through it. 4 How do you go across the logs? Lf You run over / through them. 5 How do you go over the ramp? ‘You ran up /under it and jump across / down, «ffthis, that, these, those; here, this, that, these, those; here, there This is my seat~ that’s yours over there. that these those ‘That's the training instructor’ desk. These are Roman's notes. ‘Those soldiers finished class early We use here for places, people and things near to us. We use there for places, people and things not near to us. We use this for single people and things near to us. ‘We use that for single people and things not near to us. We use these for more than one json and thing near to us. ‘We use those for more than one person and thing not near to us. We usually put this, that, these, those at the beginning of a sentence. This is my desk ‘We can put here and there at the beginning or end of a sentence. Here are my notes, The sergeant's notes are over there. 8this, that, these, those; here, there 1 Match the sentences with the pictures. ‘The food is over there. this, that, these, those 2 Write full sentences. Have some water, here you are These are Tamas and Eniko’s children. ‘Those people over there are Major Hogan and Colonel Morgan. Let me introduce everyone, this is Tamas and this is Eniko. ‘That's Fatma over there, next to the fence. 1. (location 1) main gate / barracks This is the main gate, that is the barracks. 2. (location 2) NATEX / married quarters Barracks 6 Classrooms § Married Qusrrs = Parade Square a 4 Cookrouse| ‘ucos| ‘cus | L L 7 narex 2 Maia Gate 3 (location 3) parade square / NCOs club (location 3) parade square / barracks (cation 4) NCOs club / cookhouse (location 5) classrooms / married quarters (location 6) married quarters / cookhouse (location 7) sergeant’s mess / main gate areyes Ge ocd Present simple passive ‘The 33rd Engineer Regiment is based at Carver Barracks in England. 1 am / am not You re / are not (aren’) are/are not aren) sed in Germany. He/She /It is /is not (isn’t) We/You/ They are/ are not (aren’t) subject + be + past participle ‘The rifle is cleaned lke this, We use the passive to put important information at the be Compar 1 Soldiers clean their weapon every day. ing of the sentence. subject action 2 Weapons are cleaned every day. subject action In sentence 1, we are interested in what soldiers do. In sentence 2, we are interested in what happens to the weapons. We often use the passive to talk about: # processes ‘The rifle is loaded like this. «© the equipment a soldier or regiment has The regiment is equipped with four tanks. * how a unit is onganised The thind battalion is assigned tothe second brigade + where soldiers are based or stationed The NATO soldiers are stationed in Belgrade. «# where and when soldiers are assigned or deployed. ‘Ten soldiers are attached to the Special Forces unit in London.Present passive 1 Put the words in order in the second sentences. Ja. The army gives soldiers leave at the weekend, 1b weekend | are | Soldiers | leave | at | the | given | Soldiers are given leave at the weekend. 2a The army organises battalions into platoons. 2b organised | platoons | Battalions | into | are | 3a The army gives soldiers uniforms and equipment. 3b are | equipment | given | and | uniforms | Soldiers | 2 Write the sentences in the passive. 1 A Platoon Commander leads a platoon. : 2. The 4th Armoured Regiment uses Challenger tanks. 3. Soldiers deploy overseas. 3 Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Recruitment in the British army New recruits to the British army (1) .. (complete) an application form and (2) (interview) by the Recruiting Sergeant, Recruits @) ~~~» (ask) about their health and (4) .. (give) a health, check. Then recruits (5) (give) a train ticket to Scotland and 3) (go) to a two-day selection course. On the course, recruits a (test) for fitness. Recruits (8) (offer) a place with the army and (9) (give) time to talk about it with their family. ‘Military’ verbs 4 Complete the text. Use these words. assign deploy equip base organise ‘The Queen's Royal Lancers Armoured Cavalry Regiment ‘The Queen’s Royal Lancers (1) vse ih Catterick, North Yorkshire (UK). They (2) with Challenger 2 main battle tanks and (3) to the 4th Armoured Brigade. The regiment a into four squadrons, A-D. Each squadron has four units of three tanks. The Queen’s Royal Lancers (5) overseas and serve on operations with UN forces.Prepositions of place ‘The barracks are on Main Street near the HQ and behind the training ground. Teyburn Road t Golf Club Alma Barracks on ‘The golf club is on Leyburn Road. Leyburn Road arts tre Golf Club L secon” Alma Barracks behind ‘The golf club is behind Alma Barracks, Alma Barracks is in front of the golf club, Police Station. Std Sports Chu, Ground 7 al, ‘Swi ‘Spar/NAA. Harry's Bar \ /|\ near There’s a bank near the police station, Petrol Station opposite The petvol station is opposite the sports ground, Church ay, a School Swimming P. ‘Spar/NAAFL Harry's Bar Park ‘The pub is next to the NAAFI. Petrol Station Sports brary Ground Toys Bahk on the right {left (of) ‘The petrol station is on the right of the supermarket.on / next to Match the questions and answers. It’s next to the park. It’s next to Harden barracks. It’s on Leyburn Road. It’s on Hipswell road. Ws on Byng road. 1 1 Where is Hipswell church? 2. Where is the sports centre? 3 Where is the hopsital? 4 Where is the restaurant? 5 Where is the post office? opposite / behind / on and write true or false. 2 Look at the map, read the sentenci 1 The Health centre is opposite Mons Road... ‘The Library is near the sports ground. The NAAFI is on Richmond Road. The post office is opposite the camp centre Harry's bar is behind Lloyds bank. . 3 Look at the map and complete the conversations. Use these words. - fon onyourleft near opposite next to A. Excuse me, how do I get to Harry's bar? one [lt |B Ok wee hr, nxt to Gaza barack Go tight I: oY down Richmond Road, past the NCOs Club. When Hae. na ane Richmond Road, (2) the sports ground, Sine ah turn left into Shute Road. Go past the church, and the tae Je) aout swimming pool. 3) the swimming pool Y ate hen nar tartar a | le — NAAFI (5) O roxonee_{ (—_\ near on opposite on the left A. Excuse me. Is there a supermarket near here? B > We're here at the restaurant (6) Byng, Road, (7) ou the hospital. Go down to the crossroads and turn right on to Catterick Road, When ‘you see the post office, turn right and go along Richmond Road. At Lloyds Bank turn left. Go past the petral station, (8) coommthe sports ground. and it’s (9) 5Pees oe eect Past simple passive ‘The first airplane was built and flown by the Wright brothers in 1903. Present simple pas: Past simple passive is flown (by) was flown (by) are flown (by) were flown (by) subject + was / were + past participle ‘The soldiers were attached to the Special Forces wit. Like the present simple passive, the past simple passive focuses an the action, not the person. The action is in the past. We use by to identity the person. “The space shuttle is low by specially trained pilots. “The frst airplane ros built and floc by the Wright brothers in 1903, Compare: The frst airplane was built in 1903. ‘We do not say who built the first airplane. ‘The frst airplane was built in 1903 by the Wright brothers. It is clear who built the first airplane. ‘when we include the person and the date, we can put the date .. at the beginning of the sentence. In 1903 the frst arplane was built by the Wright brothers in the middle of the sentence. “The first airplane was bull in 1903 by the Wright brothers. at the end of the sentence. ‘The first airplane wns built by the Wright brothers in 1908. Some verbs are irregular fly -* flown see +e find —* found ‘Turn to page 110 for a list of irregular verbs.Past simple passive 4 Complete the text, Use the verbs in brackets in the correct form. A short history of early flight ‘The first plane (1) no (build) by Orville and Wilbur Wright in 1903. It was a biplane, or plane with two wings and it (2) (fly) by Orville in North Carolina. The first monoplane, or plane with one wing (3) come (build) by “Trajan Vuia in 1906. In 1913, the Bolshoi ~ a plane with four engines ~ (4) (made) by Igor Sikorsy and (5) ose (use) as a bomber in World War 1. The modem airliner (6) (born) in 1933 with the Boeing 247. In 1930, the jet engine was (7) (invent) by Frank Whittle, but the fist jt to fly was the German Heinkel He-178 in 1939. 3 Rewrite the sentences in the passive. Orville Wright flew the first plane in 1903. - Captain Cook discovered Australia in 1778. ~ ‘Alessandro Volta invented the electric battery in 1800. 4 W.L. Gore invented Gore-Tex in 1976. 5 _ Jacob Schick invented the electric razor in 1928. 4 Match the military inventions, people and dates. 1 1860 dynamite Colonel Leslie A, Skinner 2 1866 Stokes mortar Oliver F. Winchester 3 1915 rocket launcher William stokes 4 1942 repeating rifle Allred Nobel 5 Write four sentences about the military inventions in 4.can / can’t can /can't Susan is an interpreter. She can speak Russian, French and English, but she can’t speak German. 1 You He /She /1t can speak Russian, French and English. We can't (cannot) You They subject + can/ can't + verb Team ron a marathon. Can | can'tis followed by a verb without fo. VY Lean’t go walking today. KX -Lenn’t to go walking today. Can does not take -s for the third person. X-— Hamed cans run 12 km a day. We use cam or can't (cannot) to talk about ability. He can speak English but he ean’t speak German. We use can and can'tto talk about vehicles and weapons. “Alielicopter can take off and tand vertically Can'tis not as formal as cannot and is often used in talking and informal writing.can /can't 4 Complete the text with the verbs in brackets in the correct form. ‘The MIL APC (1) cam carry (carry) 11 infantrymen and two crewmen. It @ commen (travel) at 68 kph and (3) evn (travel) through water. It) 6) voosnssnsen (CARY) a machine gun, but usm (Mot fire) heavy weapons. ‘The Lynx helicopter (6) sons (carry) two crew and ten men, it ©) oe (Gire) missiles and (8) 330 kph. 1 (9). -ooom (hot land) on water, (travel) at “The hovercraft was invented in 1955. The M10 hovercraft (10)... (carry) 10.5 tonnes and travel over water at 46 kph. It (11) (carry) 96 men and two crewmen, Tt (12) (not travel) far on land. ‘The Striker has a crew of three, it (13) : _ (not transport) any more men. Ut (14) (travel) at 80 kph and can carry missiles. ‘The missiles (15) ono {attack) tanks from 4,000 m. 2 Complete the chart with the information from 1. crew men weapons speed Mu 2 Lynx M10 hovercraft Striker 1908 3 = 125mm gun 65 kph on road machine gun 3 Look at the chart in 2 and write sentences about the T90-S tank. Use can or can'tand the words given. 1 carry / crew 2 not transport /- men 3. fire / 125 mm gun 4 travel / 65 kphQuestions with How Questions with How How fast is the Eurofighter? fast How slow is the Eurofighter? heavy How + adjective + to be How henay is the tank? We use questions with How to ask for a description of a person or thing. How good is he? How many soldiers are doing basic t How much water have we got? ‘How many | much + subject + verb How many people does the C130 carry? How much fuel does it use? We use How many .../ How much ... to ask about quantity. We use How many tor countable nouns and How much for uncountable nouns. How many soldiers are there? How much food have they go!? estions with how 1 Match the nouns with the adjectives. noun adjective 1 length a fast 2 width b old 3 speed © long 4 weight a wide 5 age e heavy Now match the questions. How long is it How fast is your car? How high is it? How tall are you? How old are you? How heavy is it? How wide is it? How much is it? How many people are there? hem sean se What age are you? What is its price? What is its width? What is its height? What is the number of people? What is its length? What is your height? What is its weight? What is its speed?2 Match the pictures and the questions. jow complete the questions. How How people are in the car? is the sengeant’s mess? is the class? is the pack? tests do we have? is the wall? 3 Look at the chart and write questions. AH-6IA/D Apache attack helicopter 1 crew 2 ' a J > 2 height 35m 3 weight (empty) 5,352 kg 4 speed 260 kph 5 range 400 kilometres 1 How many crew does it have?Questions with Can Questions with Can Can the soldiers carry a 15 kilo pack for 10 miles? Can you run 30 miles? 1 you can E78 LH corey 15 kilo pack? we you they Can+ subject + verb Car te train the solders in one week? ‘We use cam to ask about ability (see Unit 27), to make requests (see Campaign 1 ‘Student's Book Unit 9, page 89) and for orders (see Campaign 1 Student's Book Unit 12, page 118). ‘Cam they do te task? Cant you help me with tis, please? Can you come to my office? Can't you be careful? ‘We use Can't you ... 70 show anger or criticism.Questions with can 1 Write questions, Sports Contre Classes and elubs Monday Running club Sunday Tuesday Swimming classes Seaside fool Facilities ‘weight iting, tabletennis / play table-tenttis? one When / go running? / do weight lifting? When / do karate? . aaeone HEPTATHLON EVENTS = can do ths (very! well; can do this; can't do this wel 60 metres long jump shot put high jump 60-metre hurdles pole vault 1,000 metres Wednesday Thursday Fitness uly Fray Swimming lub Saturday Karate Running club / play 5-a-side football? Can you play 5-t-side football at the Sports Centre? When / go swimming? onnnsennnsnsnnnns Look at the chart and answer the questions in 1. 3 Write questions. 1 P 3 4 5 trun / 60 metres Can she rt 60 metres? do / long jump 40 / SHOE PUt eenennnnnsonsn . do / high jump ... run / 60-metre hurdles sonore pole vault : - run / 1,000 metres 4 Look at the card and answer the questions. Yes, she ena runt 60 metres very wll 1 2 3 4 oe 5 6 7could / could not (couldn’t) could / could not (couldn't) I could run three miles before I joined the army, but I couldn't run a marathon. You He / She /It could / run three miles. We could not (couldn't) You ‘They subject + could / couldn't + verb The soldiers couldn't reach their objective. We use could | could not (couldn't) to talk about things we were able to do in th past. We use could for making requests (see Campaign 1 Student's Book Unit 9, pa £89) and for orders (see Campaign 1 Student's Book Unit 12, page 118). He could run 10 kw when he joined the ary. Could you pass me my notes, please? Could you photocopy these documents? We often use before to say when the situation changed. Before | attended the Officer's training course | couldn't wear an officer's uniform We use when and afferto talk about a period of time. When I was a civilian I could watch TV all night Could he give orders after he joined the army? Questions. Could + subject + verb Could you march 5 km and carry 10 kg of equipment? Short answers Yes, + subject + could. ‘No, + subject + couldn't. Could he drive a car? Yes, he could. Could he drive an APC? No, he couldn't.Before the army ~ Mr Ali Alwatban 1990) run 6 km. walk 10 km. read a map, get up late speed: three miles per hour crew: three weapons: two machine guns damage by machine guns ~no cross wire ~ yes could / could not (couldn't) 4 Look at the table and answer the questions. 1 Could Ali run six kilometres in 19902 In the army ~ Second ow cae Tieutenant Alwatban (4997) 2 Could he do drill before he joined the army? run 12 km cone vera 3. Could Ali read a map when he was a civilian? do drill march 5 ki wipment — — eae 4 Could he get up late before he joined the army? read a map home Bo home everyday 5 Could he command soldiers after he joined the give orders army? ‘command soldiers 2 Read the table again and complete the text. Second lieutenant Alwatban joined the army in 1997, Before he joined the army he could run 6 km, but he (1). run 12 km. Now he can run 12 km Before he joined, he (2) clean a weapon and he (3) do drill, but he can now. He (4) coo. Walk 10 km, but he couldn’t march 5 km with full equipment, Second lieutenant Alwatban (5) ..o.s00s0om fead a map when he was a civilian. Before he was in the army, he (6) von get up late, but row he can’t. He (7). give orders when he was a civilian and he (8) soomsnnsnnns Head men, but he does these things now. ‘ould / could not (couldn't) questions 3 Put the words in order. speed | What | the | tank | could | travel | ? : oe tank | Could | four | the | carry | crew | it | Could | cross | wire | 7 . machines | guns | Could | the | tank | damage | ? = weapons | Could | carry | it | 2 co : 4 Read the chart and answer the questions in 3. 1all, most, some, a few all, most, some, a few All students uswally have some homework to do. Al students start lasses at 9 am. Some students hace a break at 10 a.m. ‘Most students take the final language test. ‘A eww students don’t pass the test. We use all, most, some, a few'to talk about numbers and amounts in a general way. 100% all +50% — most 50% ~ some 15% —a few AIL the soldiers are in training. (= 100% of the soldiers.) We use ail, most and some with plural and uncountable nouns. Would you like some biscuits? Would you like some ten? We use a few with plurals only. How many trains go fo town? Not many, just a few. ‘We can use of with all, most, same and a few. Some of his books are on the floor. AIL of the men are itt 2 Platoon. all the / this / that / most ¢¢ these / those some my / mine / your(s) / his / afew hers / our(s) / their(s) / its We use all and a few in some expressions. Is that all? = Is that everything? Have you got a few minutes? = Have you got some free time?_———— all, most, some, a few 4 Look at the charts about students and match them with the sentences. study athome ‘owen | | aw vith partner 2e languages 1 Most students study at home. |A few students speak two or three languages. Most students have a partner. Write six more sentences about the charts in 1. Complete the sentences. 1A. Where's all the food? B_ Sorry Lieutenant Phillips, Hate coo OF It 2. A. There are not many students in class today. B_ It’s field-training exercise ~ vooosuw Of the men are doing it today 3. Inthe American army .. sone: NW Feeruits are volunteers, 4 Inthe parachute regiment _. recruits do special training, 5A ssonnnn the men are missing ~ what happened? B commun of them are ill, they're seeing the doctor, And the othersPresent continuous for future plans Present continuous for future plans We're flying to Hong Kong on Fri Statements, We're doing a course next week. Negatives Pouzwan's not working tomorrow ~ she cast go with you. yes / no questions Are you going to the course by train or by car? Short answers Is Dougal going to the course foo? Yes, he is. / No, he isn't ‘Wh- questions. Which train are you catching ~ the 5.30 or the 6.30? ‘When we make plans for the future we offen use the present continuous. travelling to London this evening. ‘When we make arrangements, for example meeting someone, we often use the present continuous. We're meeting Alexis for lunch tomorrow. ‘We often use the present continuous with a time expression: tomorrow, this evening, next week, at the weekend ... Present continuous for future plans 1 Read the invitation and answer the questions. 1. Who is the party for? Velcome Party * Sergeant Dieter Welcome Par ergeant Di 2 What time does the party start? 3. What kind of food is it? 8 p.m. ~ late Napoli lalian restaurant bring your own bottle For more information call Ibrahim 07791 5562322 Circle the correct phrases. Nick Hi Franco, (1) are you going / do you go to the welcome party? Franco Yes, sure. (2) Are you going / Do you go t00? Nick Yes. How (3) are you getting / do you get there? Franco (4) I’m taking / I take the 7.40 bus, what about you? Nick (6) 1 go /T’m going by taxi ~ (6) do you want / are you wanting to share it? Franco Yes. (7) Do you take / Are you taking any drinks? Nick No, (8) 'm not thinking /I don't think so 3 Read the programme and complete the text. Programme for visit of Major Jane Castle From: Major Lacie To: Second Lieutenant McGrath | would like you to go with Major Jane Castle on her visit to the camp next Monday. She (1) senennennenene the main gate a 8 a.m. and | would like you fo meet her there. Between 8 and 12 she (2) 0. the camp. After this L ( her and at 12 we (4) vo lunch together. | would like you to join us for lunch inthe NCOs club. From 1-3 the Major (6) cevvsnnnnnneenne 10 Headquarters section and (6) cee tM commander, She (7) vena {0 er Hotel at 4 p.m. Major LacieCrh eta ed Comparative adjectives BENS BINGE Vd like a fast bike. Would you like a mountain bike or a racing bike? Which one is faster? The racing bike is faster. Which one is more expensive? The mountain bike is more expensive. wae a wD subject + be + comparative adjective The racing bike is faster. adjectives of one syllable: add -r or er safe» safer adjectives ending vowel + consanant: add consonant + er big -» bigger adjectives ending in -y: delete -y, add -ier healthy -+ healthier adjectives of two syllables: put more in front of the adjective expensive —+ more expensive Invegular adjectives good —+ better When we compare two people, things, actions or events we use comparative adjectives. We can use than to make the comparison clear. Racing bikes are faster thant mountain bikes. ‘Turn to page 111 for a list of irregular comparative adjectives.Comparatives 1 Correct the sentences. 1. Look at the new PT instructor he isn’t very tall. He's more short than our last instructor. Dursun weighs 90 kilos, he’s 10 kilos fatterer than Yener. Which tank is heavyier ~ the T-90 S or the Chieftain? I'm not very healthy now ~I was fiter when I was younger. Do you really think Greta is beautifuller than her sister? Adjectives with -r/-er 2 Compare the bikes. Use these words. high wide heavy fast slow cheap mountain bike racing bike height 80 100: ight 80cm i width 40 em ‘60cm weight 15 ky 7.6 kg speed 9 kph 20 kph price £135 6345 1 = —— Es 2 . 3 . - 4 - oo - 5 oo 6 e oe - : Mixed comparatives 3 Complete the conversation. Use the words in brackets in the correct form, Diana Hi Catherine, do you want to go for a bike ride today? Catherine Well, I'm not sure. The weather isn't very good. Diana It’s not too bad. I's (1). (good) than yesterday, Catherine Well, it’s (2) (sunny), but ifs a lot (3) (cold), Diana Put some warm clothes on, Come on, it's a great day. Catherine But Diana, you're a Tot (4) sonoma (fi) than me. Diana No, 'm not. My mountain bike's (5) (low) than your bike, Catherine But my bike's (6) -ewevssnen (heavy), and iS (7) on-nnnnne (Old). Diana Don’t worry, We can go round the park. Then it's not a problem which bike is (8) ssn (bad),should / should not (shouldn’t) should / should not (shouldn't) You look tired ~ you should get some sleep. ea should give up smoking, | He / She / It We ‘| en should not (shouldn't) smoke so many cigarettes. They subject + should / should not (shouldn't) + intnitive (without fo) Leyla shouldn't smoke — it's bad for her health. . ‘Should / shoutdn'tis followed by a verb without fo. YY [should go runing today. XI skould to go running today. ‘Should / shouldn't does not take -s for the third person. X- He shoulds run 12 km a day. We use should and should not (shouldn't) to give people advice. We can use definitely with should tor stronger advice and probably with should for less strong advice. Jibrin should definitely ose weight We should probably go runing once a week should / shouldn't 1 Read the text and write true or false. Running a marathon Can you run 36 miles in one day? The answer is yes ~ with the correct training, First of all, you should get a good pair of running shoes. Remember, a marathon is a long distance and you should probably buy more than one pair of running shoes. Don't do too much to begin with ~ start with short distances and build up to longer distances. Make sure you rest between training, don’t run a long distance one day and then do the same the next day. Try to eat good food before the marathon. When you are running, drink a little water often. Before a marathon 1 You should train, nner 2 You should get more than one pair of running shoes. 3. You shouldn’t do long distances. Running marathons 4 You shouldn't rest between marathons, 5. You should eat good food. 6 You shouldn't drink water.My leg hurte. Someone wants to stop smoking. Someone wants to learn another language. ‘Someone wants to get fit, 2 Match the pictures with the advice. My muscles © You shoulde’t run so many miles. ‘You should do stretching exercises. C1] You should rest and shouldn't move tL] You should drink some water. L] 3 Match the problems with the advice. 1 Tcan't remember a thing. a He should go out more often. 2 Wecan’t learn new words. You should leave the house now: 3 John wants to meet more people, ¢ You should keep a worabulary Bes 4 Lwant to catch the next bus. d_ You should write things down. 4 Look atthe table, Tick () the things they should do and cross (x) the this they should not do. go to smoky places think about buy cigarettes _eat something something else when they war to smoke speak the language goon course beshy translate too m: with other people join a gym watch TVevery eat fast food run a short night distance every Now write sentences. 1. When someone wants to stop smoking, they shoult't go to smoky places. They should think about something cle 2 When someone wants to learn another language 3. When someone wants to get fitree ed more and less People in the UK eat more fast food today. more bananas. less oranges. more bottled water, less tap water. Countable nouns Inthe UKwe eat Uncountable nouns People in the UK drink subject + verb + more / ess + noun ‘The army is recruiting more sliders. We use more in front of nouns to show a bigger amount. ‘They need to eat more vegetables. We use Jess in front of nouns to show a smaller amount. We do less exercise these days, ‘We can use more and fess in questions and offers. Could 1 haze a bit tess? Would you Tike more potatoes? Would you like some more wine? Yes, plense, /No, that’ fine thanks. / That's enough, thank you We often use more and less with than in comparisons. In the UK there are more Indian restaurants than Thai restaurants We can use a /itfe with more / less tor a smaller amount and to be more polit Could f have a little more water? ‘The position of more or fess changes the meaning of the sentence. Compare: More people are enting fruit and vegetables ‘The number of people eating fruit and vegetables is bigger. People are eating more frit and vegetables ‘The amount of fruit and vegetables is bigger. We can use fewer instead of Jess when refering to countable nouns. L smoke fewerlless cigarettes now than T did favo yenrs ago.more /less 4 Look at the graph and complete the sentences with more or less. 1 Inthe UK, people spent... ; ‘money on food! in 2000 than in 1994, 2 People in the UK spend ... money eating out than eating, at home. 3. People in the UK spent .. money eating, out in 2000 than in 1994. 4 The percentage of people eating out i 2000 i -nonnn than in 1994. per pron sores 3 Read the conversations and complete them with more or less. Could I have a little. soup? A B Yes, of course. Here you are. ‘A. Is that enough wine? B_ It’s too much really. Could [have a little A. Thank you for the meal, Szilvi, it's really go> B._ That's okay George. Let me give you some A. Oh, thanks but I'm full.must / must not (mustn’t) must / must not (mustn't) All soldiers must do first aid training. 1 You must study every day. He / She / It We You must not (mustn’t) miss the first aid training, ‘They subject + must / must not (mustn't) + infinitive (without fo) They must not fire their weapons, ‘Must | mustn’tis followed by a verb without t Lmust attend that briefing, XT must to attend that briefing. ‘Must / mustn't does not take -s forthe third person. X- She musts take the exam. We use must and must not (mustn't) for orders and actions you should or should not do. You must take that to the General immediately ‘He mustn't leave the barracks. must 1 Match the texts with the pictures. 1 You must wash the wound with water and cover it with a plaster. L] 2 You mast wash the area with running water for 10 minutes. Your must wash the area with soap and water to remove any chemicals. You must take away any clothing with the chemical on it and call for help. [—} 3 Cover the wound with a bandage and you must hold the wound for five to 15 minutes, You must put the injury to 45° and call for help. [_]must / mustn't 2 Complete the texts with must / mustn't and these words. keep lay not give put ‘Shock “The effects of shock can be more serious than the injury. Where a person has: shock, you (1) sooseanan the person down OF YOU (2) one them in a sitting position. You (3) sou them warm with blankets or clothing, You (4) the casualty drink. Call for medical help. not move switch off not treat check Electric shock ‘An electric shock can cause burns or a shock. You (5) 1 electricity before you touch the person. You (6) the casualty when the electricity is on. YOU (7) o--- the person's breathing, You (8) weunnnsensnnn the person. You should call for medical help. 3 Label the instructions A or B. First steps Find out what is wrong Call for medical help. Tell them how many casualties there are. o Listen to how the injury happened. L] Make the atea safe, ‘Talk to the casualty and find out where it hurts. L] Decide how many casualties there are, Don't call for help before you ke aun en ap Look at the casualty, you must try to decide where they are injured. — Now write sentences with must or must not. 1 2 3 4 5 6the, a/an Definite and indefinite articles: the. a /an ‘The Major told the soldier to pick up a rifle and fire at the target. We use an with nouns that begin with a vowel (a, ¢, /, 0, 0). [Maple flag is am international airborne exercise in Canada We use a with nouns that do not begin with a vowel. Sergeant Williams is a training officer in the exercis We do not use a/ an with plural nouns or uncountable nouns. soldiers ioork in teams in the exercise. We use the with singular, plural and uncountable nouns. The recruit found the training difficult He told me fo collect the weapons. We use a /anto talk about people or things in general. Exercise Destined Glory is a multinational exercise. We use a /an to introduce a person or thing for the first time in a conversati We use the when we specity the person or thing we are talking about, or when both speakers know the person or thing we are speaking about, Cambrian Patrol is an infentry exercise in Wales. The exercise takes place every 00 yearsthe, a/an 1 Read the text and answer the questions. Cambrian Patrol is a NATO training exercise for the Infantry. The exercise takes place in Wales every two years. Hundreds of troops take part in the two-day exercise. The soldiers work in teams to complete the exercise. Soldiers carry an 85-pound pack over 55 kilometres in the exercise, What is Cambria Patrol? ou a ‘What takes place every two years? Why do soldiers work in teams? —— What do soldiers carry? = an Circle the correct words. Fort Jackson is a /am basic training camp in the US ‘The marines are training for a / an amphibious assault Exercise Dynamic Mix is a /an multinational exercise. Lieutenant DeVito is taking part in a / an international joint CPX. Report to Captain Hart, now. That’s a / ant order. 3 Complete the text with a /an or ~ (no word). Exercise Destined Glory Exercise Destined Glory is (1) multinational exercise based in the Mediterranean. It is (2) exercise with more than (3) so...» 8,000 soldiers from 12 countries. Marines carry out (4) amphibious assaults and conduct © live fire exercise. the, a/an 4 Complete the text with a, an, the or (no word). Adventure Exchange (ADVEXC) (1) ssunnns Adventure Exchange took place in southern Europe. ADVEXC was ° exercise to train (3)... Immediate Reaction Task Force. Over @ £5,000 troops from sixteen NATO member nations participated. 6) forces formed a multinational HQ and (6) multinational Immediate Reaction Task Force, to conduct (7)... Command Post Exercise and a live field training exercise. (8) ground and air forces tested and practised their operational procedures in a multinational environment.Superlative adjectives Superlative adjectives Deserts are the driest places on earth. The Atacama desert is the driest place on earth. e South America wun} adjectives of one syllable: add -st /-est large -* the largest adjectives ending vowel + consonant: add consonant + -st/es! big + the biggest adjectives ending with -y: delete -y, add -iest happy -+ the happiest adjectives of two or more syllables: put the most in front of the adjective beautiful ~+ the most beautiful Irregular adjectives good + the best ‘When we compare one thing in a group (of more than twa) with other things in a ‘group we use superlative adjectives. Superlative adjectives show the greatest quality. Deserts are very dry areas. The Sahara desert is drier than the Arizona desert. The Atacama desert in Chile is the driest place on earth See page 111 for a list of irregular superlative adjectives. Superlatives 1 Circle the correct answer. 1 Which is the world’s biggest island? a Great Bri b Greenland ¢ Madagascar 2. Where is the coldest capital city? a Katmandu, Nepal b Moscow, Russia ¢ Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 3 Which place has the most sunshine? @ Durban, South Africa b Madrid, Spain Yuma, Arizona, USA 4 Which is the world’s largest fresh water lake? a Lake Superior b Lake Titicaca € Lake Victoria 5 Which is the smallest ocean? @ the Southern Ocean —b the Arctic Ocean the Indian Ocean2 Write sentences about the answers in 1. 1 The world’s biggest island is 2 4 5 3 Complete the text. Use these words. Jong great big high large small hot The USA ‘The United States has 50 states, (1) vonu #8 Texas. Washington is the capital city, but the city with (2) -sounsnan population is New York, To the north of ‘New York are the Great Lakes. Lake Superior is (3) suum Jake in the United von FV im States and is also the biggest fresh water lake in the world. (4) the United States is the Mississippi at 5,971 km starting in Lake Itasca in Minnesota and ending in the Gulf of Mexico. (5) river in the world is in the United States: the Roe river is only 200 feet (61 meters) long and flows between Giant Springs and the Missouri river. (6) sous mountain in the United States is Mount ‘McKinley in Alaska at 6,194 metres. Death Valley in California i$ (7) «1. place in the United States and is the second hottest place in the world. Now read the text again and label the map with the words in bold.The definite article: the ‘The cheetah is the fastest animal on Earth, We use the with nationalities and other groups of people. The Parisiennes are people from Paris, The British love sports. We use the with the names of some countries and geographical features like ‘mountain ranges and rivers, but not lakes or individual mountains, The UK is comprised of four countries. The Pyrences mountains are on the borders of France and Spain. ‘Mount Everest is the tallest mountain in the world. We use the with supertatives. The biggest city in the world is Tokyo. ‘The world’s second longest rier isthe Amazon. ‘We use the with points of the compass and other positions. There is cold weather coming from the north. Portugal is in the west of Europe. We use the with military ranks without names when we reler to a specific person. MeHfenry — the staff sergeant wants to see you. Attention! The general is coming, ‘We use the with organisations. ‘The United Nations. The Red Cross.Argentina the 1 Find eight mistakes in the conversation and correct them. ‘A. When are you going to the Italy? We're leaving on second of July. What are you planning to do? We want to visit the Venice, Yes, it's one of most beautiful cities in world, ‘Are you going to the Lake Garda? I'm not sure we have enough the time. Do you speak the Italian? D> >> o> wD Justa little. 2 Complete the text with the or ~ (no word). a Argentina is in (2) southern half of South America and is@) eighth largest country in the world, covering (4) 2.8 million square kilometres. To (5) east of Argentina are (6) Andes, (7) second highest mountain range after the Himalayas. ) capital city of Argentina is (9) Buenos Aires, meaning good air in (10) Spanish. 3 Write questions. 1 Where is / Empire State building? (USA) 2. Whois / leader of / United Kingdom government? (prime minister) 3° Whois / leader of / UN? (secretary general) 4 What are / mountains in / north of India called? (Himalayas) 5 Which is / longest river in / world? (Nile) Now answer the questions with the words in brackets. 1 The Empire State building is in the USA. 2 3 4 5will for scheduled events will for scheduled events The company commander will give a briefing at 0900 hours. You He / She / It will move to the attack position. We will not (won't) You They ‘subject + will ill nat (won't) + verb ‘The briefing will not /won't take more than 15 minutes ‘We can use won't for will not. Will | won'tis followed by a verb without £0. They will start the attack soon. -X They will to start the attack soon. Will | won't does not take -s for the third person. X The General wills retire next week. We use wil! to talk about scheduled events. The briefing will be on Monday at 9 a.m. yes / no questions will + subject + verb Will we have a break after the briefing? Wh- questions ‘Wh- question word + will + subject + vero Where will the briefing take place? will 1 Look at the map and complete the text. Use these words.— COC check move (x2) assault deploy Our mission is to destroy an enemy unit position located on Kemmore Mount at grid 869108. The company (1) to the assembly area at 859124 at (0600 hours. A recce party (2) the valley to the east of the spur at 0615, When the recce party returns, Ist and 2nd pls (3) to the attack position and firing position on foot. Ist pl will move up the valley and (4) in firing positions to the rear of the enemy position. 2nd pl (6) the enemy position from the south of the spur. yes /no and wh- questions with will 2 Put the words in order. 1. assemble | will | the | company | When | ? 2 hill | Will | the | recce | party | check | the | ? 3. move | up | 2nd | Platoon | Will | the | valley | ? 4 will | Ist | Platoon | deploy | Where | ? 5 Which | will | 2nd | Platoon | direction | attack | from | ? 3 Read the text in 1 again and answer the questions in 2. wh- questions with will 3 Complete the conversation with questions with will. Coy commander Now I will take any questions Private Clark (1) Coy commander Ist Platoon will move from the assembly area at 0630. Private Penny (2) Coy commander 2nd Platoon will begin the assault after Ist Platoon are deployed in firing positions. Private Martin (3) Coy commander Ist Platoon’s firing position will be at grid 871108.Uy Imperatives Open your books at page 134, infinitive without to Come here! Do not (Don't) + intinitive without to Do not stop before you return to camp. ‘We use imperatives to give orders. Report tothe Duty officer, Preate Kun We use imperatives to give directions. Go out of the building and across the parade ground to headquarters, We use imperatives to give instructions. First, put in the security code, then open the door. ‘Always and never come before the imperative. Always respect the environment of the county. Never leave any waste behind. Pick it up and take it back to camp. Imperatives Read the sentences and write O for order, /for instruction or D for direction. First, check the batteries are Working, «wo. 1 1 2. Report to reception on arrival, 3. Do not bring food or drink into the classroom. .. 4 Don’t go down Richmond Road, take the left tur into Hipswell Road. 5. Next, check the light bulb. 6 Take the first left, then go left again.Imperatives for orders 2 Read and complete the text. Use these words. close pollute respect protect leave keep Tue Country Cope 1 Keep to the footpaths, Do not vom ater supplies. 2 all wildlife. Keep dogs under control. 3 Do not ... - litter. 4 all gates. Take care with fires. 5 somennew the people and life of the country. 3 Look at the information in 2 and write sentences with always or never. 1 Alvways keep to the footpaths. 4 2 5 3 Imperatives for instructions 4 Read! and order the sentences. If necessary, put in a new light bulb. ] b_ Takeout the batteries, [] © Open the bottom of the torch. 1] 4. Try new batteries. 1) eCheck the light bulb. Imperatives for directions Barracks Ciassooms [ ] 5 Look at the map and complete the [ | 7 directions. Use these words. |_| Mowe Quarters go stop turn (x2) walk Parade Squre | |Nos pe ah [From the main gate (2) left, ang | (oa) towards the Sergeant's Mess. When you get to the Sergeant's Mess, ] ceueent WNATEX @) right and (4) straight \ on. (5) at the married quarters and the barracks are on your left. Now draw the route on the map. aAY TCU THU] Sequencing words and phrases First of all, you will attend a briefing. Then you will prepare for the exercise. before Before you can breach a minefield, the scouts must find i — after After the artillery finish firing, the sappers move forward. — first of all First of all, smoke is released fo cover the sappers. next /then Next, anti-mine tanks drive through the minefield, then assault troops begin to move trough the minefield to attack the enemy position. finally Finally, the main force moves through the minefield as quickly as possible. We usually put a comma immediately after first ofall, next, then, and finally when it's al the start of a sentence. First ofall, smoke is released to cover the sappers We put @ comma atthe end ofthe part ofthe sentence introduced by fefore and after. Alter the artillery finish firing, the sappers move forward. We use before, after first ofall, next, then, and finally to show the order of events. Sequencing 1 Read and complete the text. Use these words. then before next first ofall after Cluster bomb disposal Oy the bomblet is destroyed, a medic establishes a medical point at a safe distance. 2) , the deminers fill sandbags and check radio communications. 6 plastic explosive is placed next to the bomblet. (4) asafety area is created around the site. Sandbags are placed over the bomblet, and the safety area is checked. The deminer retreats to a firing point outside the danger area. (5) three long warning whistles, the bomblet is exploded.pili DDG SCSASSCLTCSZ~'*''S

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