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enteric viruses, polio virus :

Ascaris, Hookworm :

5
 mg/m3

6

( )g/m3

750 180 570 COD
300 30 270 COD
450 150 300 COD
350 0 350 BOD
45 2 43
15 2 13
15 0.3 14.7

7
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9
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10

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.

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1 .

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15
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.
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4
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24
.
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23


24


25

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50 70 .
30 40 BOD5 .

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BOD5 .
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40 m3/m2.day
60 .

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.

. 8/0
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ph
.
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35 .
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5/6 .
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.
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36
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BOD
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BOD .

(trace
)elements 3/0 3/0 4/0 4/0
BOD .

.

.
37
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.

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.

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38


1914
.

39
40
The F/M ratio is one of the key parameters in designing an aerobic
treatment system by conventional means in the United States. This is also
called loading rate.

F/M = So/X

41


.1
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42
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.
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43



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44
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45
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. 30 60
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48


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UV

.
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6 10 .
8 .
.
3 .
DECHLORINATION: The remaining chlorine residual must be removed by addition
of sodium bisulfite. It has been determined that a chlorine residual greater than 0.038
mg/l (ppm) may adversely affect the watershed.
52
53


.
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.

. .1
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54


55


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56
 :
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1-3 7-10
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40100 lb/1000 lb/ft3/day 150

400 lb/ft3/day .

30-60 10-20
.
:

.
57
58
59
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1000 .

BOD 100 .

PH 6 8 .

10
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100 .

69
 :

BOD
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.

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() .
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10
20 .

.
70 .


.
.

.

71
 :

72
 :

73
 :

74
 :
Domestic wastewaters contain between 6 and 20 mg/l total phosphate, of
which only 1015% is organic phosphate. The balance is inorganic
phosphate that is generally obtained from detergents and other fertilizer
sources.

() .

0.2 .
.

.
:

:

75


76
 :

77


78



BOD

79


80


81


mg/l 50-10 BOD
mg/l 100-20 TSS
100ml/1 1000-100
/1 0
WHO
.

82