The Malla Era With reference to Mahamahopadhyay Dr. Haraprasad Sastri’s note on the Malla Era of Visqupur in 1/Q,, vol. iii, no. 1, pp. 180,181, I am in a position to confirm, from another independent ms, Mm, Sastri’s indication that 616 Saka was the initial year of this era. The manuscript is a commentary composed by Sarvinandanaga on the Kicaka- vadha-kivya of Nitivarman and was lent to me several months back by Mm. Sastri himself for my edition of this poem. The scribe of this ms., who calls himself Réma-Sarana Sarman, writes at the end of the ms., we wh rae a (2) aie TET This gives us éaka 1642 and mallaéda 1026 as the date of the writing of the ms. ial year of the Malla Era would therefore be éaka 616, S. K. DE Mahayana and Hinayana Works known to Nagarjuna ‘Nagarjuna, if not the founder, was the chief exponent of Mahayana Buddhism and may well claim the credit as a great systematiser of Mahayana Buddhism, This will be evident if we critically look to his mighty works like Prajnaptraméta-Sistra® and Dakablttimiviblaya- 1 The two aégaras here are indistinct ; but the metre appears to be irregular as in the next line we read Remece? which would give us one redundant atgara, 2 This is a commentary compiled by Nagarjuna on the Paiica- vimédtisthasrika-prajhapiramita, Vt was translated into Chinese by Kumarajiva during the period A.D. 402-405, of the Later Tsin Dy- nasty (AD. 384-417) The original work has nct yet been dis covered, It consists of 100 fasciculi. This work is so important and deals with so many subjects that it may be regarded as an encyclo- pedia of Mahayana Buddhism,MAHAYANA AND HINAYANA WORKS KNOWN TO NAGIRJUNA 413 Sastras', The former is the commentary on Mahdprayhipiramtta-Sttra and the latter on the first two of the ten Bhimis of the Dasabhtii- ‘STitra of the Avatamsaka class. In these two Sastras the author incidently mentions both Maha- yanic and Hinayanic Satras. (1) Those mentioned in the Mahiprajiapivamitt-sastra are as follows :— ‘Names of the Siitras and Sastras Nos, of the Fasciculi in which they are mentioned. 1 Saddharmapundarika-Satra (Nanjio cat, No. 137) 7) Q% 10, 26, 30, 32, 33; 38, 46, 50. $75 791 84y 88, 93, 100 *2 Maydjala-Sitra ... ” we 6 3 Vimalaktrtti-Siitra (Nanjio cat. No. 146) 9, 15) 17, 28, 30, 65, 85, 88, 92, 95 4 Buddhasaigiti-Sitra (Nanjio cat. No. 401) 9 5 Stiraigamasamadhi-Sutra (Nanjio cat. No. 399) 10, 26, 29, 33, 34s 40s 75 6 Amitayur-vyaha-Sitra (Nanjio cat. Nos, 26 & 27) 9, 22 *7 Acintyamukti-Sitra (one of the Avatamsaka-Sitras) 33,50,73,100 8 Bhadrakalpika Siitra (Nanjio cat. No, 403) ove 29, 46 9 Pratyutpanna-Buddhasammukhavasthita- Samadhisittra (Nanjio cat. No, 72)... : 29 “10 Saigity-artha-Sitra . I 11 Pugpahasta-Satra (Nanjio cat. No. 425? ) 33, 46, 101 12 Megha-Satra (Nanjio cat, No, 1878188) 33) 46, 100 "13 Jnanaprasthana-Sutra tus 2 14 Sitra on making gradually complete all wisdom and virtue or Dagabhiimika-Siitra (Nanjio cat. No, 110) 29 15 Dharmamegha-Sitra 33) 46 16 Brahmajala-Sitra (Nanjio cat. No, 1087) 7 5, 18 17 Mahamegha-Sitra (Nanjio cat. 244). 33: 46, 100 18 Satpramita-Satra (Nanjio cat. No. 1004?) 33, 46 19 Srimattstripariprecha-Siitra (Nanjio cat, No. 343 ?) 5218 1 This commentary also was translated into Chinese by Kumara- jiva about A.D. 405 of Later Tsin Dynasty (A.D. 384-417). It consists of 15 fasciculi divided into 35 chapters. The original work has not yet been discovered. +414. MAHAYINA AND IIINAYANA WORKS KNOWN TO NIGARJUNA Names of the Stitras and Sastras Nos, of the Fasciculi n which they are mentioned, 20 Maitreyaparipyecha-Satra (Nanjio cat, No. 42?) 46 “2x NagaraupamyaSitra =... 7 80 22 Kalakala-Sitra (Nanjio cat. No. 750)... 1 23 Madhyamagama-Sitra (Nanjio cat. No. 542) 1, 33) 50 24 Gubyapadavajra-Siitra [Nanjio cat. No. 23 (3)] 1, 9; 10, 26, 57, 88 28 Samyuktapitaka-Sitra (Nanjio cat. No. 676) 5 26 Dirghagama-Siitra (Nanjio cat. No. 543) 9 27 Samyuktagama-Sittra (Nanjio cat, No. 37) 9) 10, 32, 54 28 Bahugotra-Sitra 24 29 Dhammapada (Nanjio cat. No. 1321 13534 1365, 1439) I 30 Siitra on the well-coming king Binsa (Bimbisira) (Nanjio cat. No, 9002) + aa a 1,18 31 Visuddha-Sttra ‘i : a 24 932 1 33 Vasikrtabahumithya-Satra 1 *34. Sariputrajataka-Nidana 1 35 ‘Kalavadina Sitra 7 31 55 36 Devapariprecha-Satra (Nanjio cat, No. 733) 1,26 37 Sakradevanam-Indramukta-Satra 2 #38 Silamukta-Sitra 2 °39 Nadhakatyayana-Sitra 2 %40 Avadana-Stitra or Satra on ‘Leking caws go! (Nanjio cat. No, 627 ?) 2 "41 Nandavaradanagarajavastkyta-Satra 3 42 Parna-Satra [Nanjio cat. No 23 (17) 7] 3 43 Subhadaparivrajaka-Sitra iat 44 Parayana-Sitra 3s 4y 3 "45 Karandaka-Sitra 3 46 Candanavadana-Sitra (Nanjio cat. 778 2) 3 47 Avadana-Sitra ( do 735?) 11 48 Catur-mahdraja-Satra (Nanjio cat. No. 722) 13 49. Siitra on the origin of Heaven and Earth 3 *50 Sudarsanaraja-Stitra . 14 "51 Nilotpalabhikgujataka-Nidana 13 "52 Bodhisattvamilagotra-Sitra 7 16, 33 93 53 Rahulamatajataka-Nidina - 7 54 Karmavibhaga-Sttra (Nanjio cat, No, 64 D} 14MAHRVANA AND UINAYINA WORKS KNOWN TO NIG3RJUNA 415, Names of the Siitras and Sastras Nos. of the fasciculi in which they are mentioned. #55 Samadhi-Sctra wee 17, 22, 24, 28, OF 56 Sangitidharma-Sittra (Nanjio cat. No. 426?) = 2 "57 Sarvasravavarana-Siitra 50 "38 Sundari (Saundaranda ?)-Sitra 23 59 Sarvanacdra-Siitra i 26 60 Sampghahita-Sttra a 27, 31 61 Dirghanakhaparivrajaka-Sitra (Nanjio cat. No. 734?) 25 62 Vidyijalabodhisattva-Sitra 20, 28 #63 Tathaikajataka-nidana-Stttra 28 64 Hyrdayadhara-Sttra 27, $2, 66, 77, 81 65 Preta-Siitra os 30 *66 Samyuktagamamahaps satra 18, 31 Samyuktégamasaliputrasiphankda-Sttra. 32 Trayastrinsaparivarta Stra 32 *69 Udana-Sitra 7 33 70 Dirghagamapadana-vivarana-Satadve-paficadasa- vinayasftra (slitra on the two hundred fifty vinaya as explanation of apadana of Dirghigama) —... 3374 ¢71 Buddhanidana-Sitra 33» 46, 100 *72 Trayadharma-Satra 7 34 #73 Saptarathavadana-Satra (one of Madhyamigama-Sttra) 46 +74 Sarvabahujanasamdeha-Sitra c 46 “73 Bodhisattvanidana-Satra 38 *76 Satadvepaficadasavinaya-Sittra (or Siitra on two hundred fifty vinaya) 33 77 Buddhabhasitajataka-nidana-Satra (Nanjio cat. No. 669?) 49 78 Akgaramatinirdesa-Sttra (Nanjio cat, No. 74 & 7) 53 79 Dharmacakrapravartana-Stitra (Nanjio cat. No. 92&657) 2, 33 "80 Vagpa-Siitra — 93 81 Jh’namudra-Satra (Nanjio cat, No. 255? & 1014?) 98 82 Mahakarunipundartka-Satra (Nanjio cat. No. 117) 100 #33. Upayakausalya-Satra a 100 84 Nagardjaparipreché Satra (Nanjio cat. No. 456) 100 *85 Asurapariprccha-Siitra ove a 100 86 Avadana-Satra (Nanjio cat, No. 735 ?) : 97 "87 Pratyekabuddhapariprecha-Sitra . 20, 81 "88 Sarvadevapariprecha-Stitra 5,90 "89 Vinavana(?yrajaSitra =, 5416 MAHAYANA AND HINAYANA WORKS KNOWN TO NAGARJUNA Names of the Stitras and Sastras Nos. of the fasciculi in which they are mentioned, "go Bahidhara-Sitra ” 9 “or Jatakavadana-Sitra a 11 92 Ekottarégama-Siitra (Nanjio cat. No. 543) 20 93 Romakdpajata-Sitra (Nanjio cat. No. 954?) 24 94 Aksaramatinirdesa-Satra (Nanjio cat. No, 77?) 27 *95 Ratnogniga-Siitra ies we 28 *96 Dafabala-Sitra a i 3 97 Patragamayat-Sitra (Nanjio cat. No, 183) 38 98 Nagaraja-Satra ee sr "99 Sarvabahujanahita-Satra 28 100 Saiikhya-Sittra 7o *tor Sarvabuddhanidana- 100 102 Mahaprajfiaparamita-Satra (Nanjio cat, No. 1 100 103 Madhyamika-Sastra (Nanjio cat, No, 1179) I, 19, 25, 38 104 Dafabhiimika-Sastra (Nanjio cat, No, 1194) oe 49 105 Satpadabhidharma-Sastra : 68, 49, 100 *106 Abhidarma-Sitra : 73 *107 Abhidharmavibhagi Sastra (Nanjio cat. No. 1264) 4, 6, 29, 39 ‘Those Hinayanic and MahiySnic Satras which have been men- tioned in the Dasedhtimivibhagi-Sastra are as follows :— Names of the Sittras Nos, of Fasciculi in which they occur. *r Suddhavinaya-Satra - oe 7 2,15 2 Dasabhiimi-Stitra (Nanjio eat, No. 103) 1,16 3 Raurava-naraka Sutra : a 2 4 Arydharmamudra-Stitra (Nanjio cat. No. 652) 12 “5 Mahottamabuddhadharma-Sitra 2 *6 Sahayamarga-Siitra : 15413 7 Mahiyanaratnacandrakumarapariprcchadharma-Siitra (Nanjio cat, No, 826) 5 & Mahprajiaparamita-Sitra (Nanjio cat, 56,7 9. Praparimai E 10 "10 Trayatga-Sitra 6 “11 Maharddhi-Satra . 10 “12 Mahayananiécitaraja-Sittra : 7, B16 13 Mahdyanamahiparinirvana-Siitra (Nanjio cat. No. 113) 1, 11 14 Sarvadharmapravrttinirdesa-Stitra (Nanjio cat, No. 164) 8 “15 Mahayana-Stitra oe oo a 8MAHAYANA AND HINAYINA WORKS KNOWN TO NIGIRJUNA 417 #16 “17 18 #19 *20 “21 22 935 24 #25 #26 27 28 29 30 3 32 “33 34 Names of the Sitras Nos, of Fasciculi in which they occur. Ekottaragamakdlt-Satra (Kalt-upasika-Satra of A. N., Vol. V, xxvi pp. 46?) i ‘ Ekottaragamabala-Sitra (Balavagga of A. N. Vol. 1. Pp: 59?) Abhayarajakumara-Sitra Sarvatathagatagatimgatanyaya-Sitra Bhodyuttora-Sitra Mabaprajfia-Sitra Kaéyapa-Sitra Visuddhaguna-Satra Saptopayakaugalya-Sitra Karma-Sitra Kpajataromaparidbana-Sitra Lokayata-Satra i Buddhabhasitavibhaktabhaya-Sitra ‘Tathagata jfianamudra-Sitra (Nanjio cat, No. 1014) Karmavibhaga-Siitra (Nanjio cat. No. 697) Koléupamana-Sitra 7 Pratyutpannabuddhasanmukba vasthita samAdhi-Satra (Nanjio cat. No. 73) Sarvadevanirdesa-Sitra Dharmapada (See Nanjio cat. No. 1308) 1 1 i 1 1 15 10 7 The above facts sufficiently convince us that long before the time of Nagarjuna many Mahayanic Siitras were in exsistence. So it may be definitely asserted that both Madhyamika and Yogacara schools are based upon these Mahayana Sotras and that Nagarjuna, Maitreyanath, Asaga, and Vasubandbu established there respective schools in order to systematize these doctrines. R. Kimura ‘Those marked with asterisk are author's own restoration from Chinese while all others are Nanjio’s,