0 @ @ Chapter I Introduction coven with cooking in a conventional radiant ar con vvection oven. In each case what is the physical mechanism responsible for heating the food? ‘Which oven has the greater energy utilization ef clency? Why? Microwave heating is being consid ered for drying clothes, How would operation of a microwave clothes dryer differ from a conventional dryer? Which is likely to have the greater energy utilization efficiency and why? To prevent freezing of the liquid water inside the fuel cell of an automobile, the water is drained to an on-board storage tank when the automobile is nat Jnuse. (The water is transferred from the tank back to the fuel cell when the automobile is tumed on.) Con- sider a fuel cell-powered automobile that is parked outside on a very cold evening with TZ. = —20°C. ‘The storage tank sinially empty and at .,= ~20°C when liqud water at atmospheric pressure and tem= perature T,, = 50°C is inreduced into the tank. The tank has a wall sickness and Is blanketed wit in sulation of thickness tay Identify the heat transfer processes that will promote freezing of the water. ‘Will the likelihood of freezing change as the insula- tion thickness is modified? Will the likelihood of freezing depend on the tank wall thickness and tank wall material? Would freezing of the water be more Likely if plastic (low thermal conductivity) or stain Jess steel (moderate thermal conductivity) tubing is used (0 transfer the water to and from the tank? Is there an optimal tank shape that would minimize the probability of the water freezing? Would freezing be more likely or les likely to occur if thin sheet of aluminum fol (high thermal conductivity, Iow emis siviy) i applied to the outside ofthe insulation? Totupl eal Transter_f ‘wing Consider an incandescent light source that consists of a tungsten filament enclosed in a gas-filled glass bulb. Assuming steady-state operation with the fila- ‘ment ata temperature of approximately 2900 K, list all the pertinent heat transfer processes for (() the filament an (i) the glass bulb, ‘There is considerable interest in developing building ‘materials that have improved insulating qualities. The development of such materials would do much to en hance energy conservation by reducing space heating requirements. It has been suggested that superior structural and insulating qualities could be obtained by using the composite shown, The material consists of a honeycomb, with cells of square cross section, sandwiched between solid slabs. The cells are filled with ait and the slabs, as well as the honeycomb ma tix, are fabricated from plastics of low thermal con- ‘ductivity. For heat transfer normal tothe slabs, iden tify all heat transfer processes pertinent to the performance of the composite. Suggest ways in ‘which this performance could be enhanced. ‘celle a spaces (bead) is used to measure ‘the temperature of a hat gas stream flowing through. a channel by inserting the junction into the main stream of the gas. The surface of the channel is cooled such that its temperature Is well below that of the gas Identify the heat transfer processes asso- ‘fated with the junetion surface. Will the junetion sense a temperature that is less than, equal to, of greater than the gas temperature? A radiation shield 's a small, open-ended tube that encloses the thermo- couple junction, yet allows for passage of the gas ‘through the tube. How does use of such a shield im- prove the accuracy of the temperature measurement? TE coor eranre! shies = Toermocousle 7 bead A ( Le (@ A double glazed, pass ir screen s inserted benween ‘a ood-baring replace and the interior of a room. ‘The screen consists of to vertical glass plates that are separated bya space trough which rom ar may flow (he space is ope a the top and btom). Iden tify the heat transfer processes associated with the fire screen