Nicrofer® 3718/3718 So*- alloy DS* Material Data Sheet No. 4002 August 1997 Edition High-temperature alloys QUEENSLAND AGENT: Isolthermics Australia Pty Ltd Phone: 07 3245 5561 Fax: 07 3245 4753 info@isolthermics.com.au Web: www.isolthermics.com.au ise ThyssenKrupp VDM © ThyssenKrupp5 Nicrofer® 3718/3718 So* — alloy DS* Nicrofer 3718 and 3718 So* are nickel-iron-chromium solid-_Nicrofer 3718 and 3718 So* are characterized by: solution alloys wit the adgtion of approximately 2% sil¢On. ——@ soo oxidation and scale resistance ‘@ excellent resistance to carburisation and to alternating carburising and oxidising atmospheres {© g00d mechanical properties with high strength at elevated temperatures. Designations and standards County Material Speciation designation Chemical Tube ardpipe Shect Rod Sip, Wire—_‘Frgings National compostion and ang standards seamiess welded pte bar D WeNe 14864 XI2NIrS86-16 Wen 1.4862 XBNICIS38-18" sew Wel 1.4864 470 310470 310/47 310/47 310/470 310/470 310470 310/470 F ‘AENOR, Z12NCS35.16 Z12NCS37.18° uk 8s Naat 374 307230765078. 3075 Usa. Noasso {s the conesponding material. Differences fom previous mentioned SEW, AFWOR, BS are mainly inthe contents of Si = 0.75 ~ 1.50%, Pb < 0.005% and Sn < 0.025% Iso Table 1 - Designations an standards. Chemical composition oy a fia |e Fn) (a (oom i ’ s mo 340150 10 Nicrofer 3718 bal mx = 370170 Dis 20020 020 9.00 0.020 mn 350170 os 19 Niroter 3718 So" bat mx 390190 010 15 25 «050020 0.080 0.080 Table 2 ~ Chemical composition (vt).Physical properties Density 80 g/em* 0.291tvin? etng range 1330-1400°C 2430-2550 °F Permesbity at 20 °C/68 F (RT) 101 Temperotue (1) Spectic Thermal eatical Modulus of Coeficent of heat conductivity resistivity elasticity thermal expansion between oom tempersture and c * or we uQem Oeremd IM 10s) 1048 Tek ber mK ENTE Tne K =100 0 us 304 201 56 — 738-100 0.102 288 0 32 47 Oz 196 28.4 20 6 472 ONS, 79 tA 93 200 0.120 89 640 20.8 a3 100 212501 Re 107 189 151 200392525 146 11 183 187 24 400 0.126 102 665 266 87 soo 872,532 163 4 7 162 316600 0.128 us 688 235 80 400752555 179 47 170 166 27800 134 27 706 244 93 soo 932882 195) 19 163 170 5381000 042 140 ns 23.2. as 600 1112604 21.0 122 186 174 491200 0.145 151 76 ma 98 700 1292 «610 2.6 123 13 177 7601400 0.146 164 18 209 100 s00 472609 24.1 125 aa 180 71600 0.146 174 760 198 101 900 1652615 256 127 134 183 982 1800 0.152 187 106 187 103 10001882641 21.0 129 ar 186 Table 3~ Tpical physical properties at room and elevated temperatures.Nicrofer® 3718/3718 So* — alloy DS* ‘Mechanical properties The following mechanical properties are applicable to Nicrofer ‘3718/3718 So* in the annealed and solution treated condition. Temperature T # . m8 93200 100212 200 392 208 400 soo 572 316600 400752 227800 500932 5381000 00 1112 649 1200 7001292 760 1400 0072 e7l 1600 900 1652 982 1800 10001832 02% Yel strength Nit 285 265 240 220 210 200 195, 175, 135, a e si as 3a 13 1.0% Yield strength Nim? 310 200 265 250 235 25 215 190 145 100 55 450 428 384 355. Ba 319 27 232 167 a7 Tensile strength Rm Nimm? ksi 650 943 921 630 615 a2 605 870 590 Bal 555 789 480 609 340 370 210 203 120 130 Cy Table 4~ Typical short-time properties at room and elevated temperatures, annealed at 1020 °C (1870 °F). Temperature T 1000 112 1200 1292 1400 172 1600 1652 1800 1832 Creep srenath Ro Loni0*h Nimest 80 3% 15 o 1 31 rn Ro LON h Nim 0 “4 18 si 58 10 022 Creep rupture strength vot Nimes? 125 6 2 ® Table 5 ~ Typical creep properties at elevated temperatures, soliton treated at 1150 °C (2100. si 103 4a 15 ongation Hardness a5 Binal inte HB max x0 210 x Avia Nimm? si "5 62 % 20 ose 028 15Metallurgical structure Nicrofer 3718 and 3718 So* are solid solution alloys with small amounts of precipitated titanium nitride and carbide as ‘well as carbonitrdes in the austenitic matrix Corrosion resistance The nickel-chromium-iron alloys Nicrofer 3718 and 3718 So* containing about 2% silicon are general-purpose heat resist ing materials. They have good oxidation resistance up to about 1000 °C (1850 °F), particularly under cyclic conditions ‘of heating and cooling. They also have exellent resistance to carburisation and are widely used in industry under such con- ditions. Their resistance to nitrogen-containing atmospheres ‘where oxygen content slow makes them suitable for environ- ments such as cracked ammonia Due to its higher chromium and silicon contents, Nicrofer 3718 So* is in every respect superior to the standard alloy Nicrofer 3718. Oxidation Nicrofer 3718 and 3718 So* have good oxidation resistance and resist scale formation up to about 1000 °C (1850 *F). ‘Any scale which is formed is tightly adherent, particularly under cyclic conditions of heating and cooling Carburisation ‘The alloys have excellent resistance to carburisation and are therefore widely used in industry under carburising conditions. Inn alternating carburising and oxidising atmosphere, ‘excellent resistance is shown to the phenomenon known as green rot" Nitriding Nicrofer 3718 and 3718 So* have good resistance to nitro- ‘gen-containing atmospheres where the oxygen content is low, ie. in cracked ammonia, ‘Sulphidation Resistance to sulphidation is better under oxidising than under reducing condition. Sulphide scale has a tendency to flake ‘and spall and does not have the protective action of an oxide scale. It must be repeated that, due to its higher chromium and silicon contents, Nicrofer 3718 So* alloy isin every respect superior to the standard Nicrofer 3718 grade. Applications Nicrofer 3718 and 3718 So* find wide application in high- temperature processes: (© fans operating at high temperatures in carburising furnaces = resisting carburisation (© boxes and baskets used in carburising — resisting carburi- sation and showing weight savings when compared with cast boxes ‘@ hangers, hooks and conveyor chains used to carry vit- reous-enamelled components during firing - resisting oxide spalling so that oxide does not fall on the enamel (© combustion tubes — resisting oxidation to carburisation and alternating oxidising and carburising conditions @ jigs and fixtures used in furnace brazing and wire mesh belts to carry components in heat-treatment processes ‘@ thermocouple sheaths ~ resisting carburisation and nitriding @ tiare-stack tips — resisting alternating conditions ‘© components handling cracked ammonia Fabrication and heat treatment Nicrofer 3718 and 3718 So* are formed by established com- ‘mercial hot and cold working techniques and are joined to themselves ar many other metals by common welding proc- esses such as manual metal-arc and TIG. Heating Its very important that the workpiece be clean and free from any contaminant before and during heating. Nicrofer 3718 and 3718 So* may become embritled if heated inthe presence of contaminants such as sulphur, phos- phorus, lead and other low-meking-point metals. Sources of contamination include marking and temperature-indicating paints and crayons, lubricating grease and fluids, and fuels. Fuels must be low in sulphur; e.g. natural and liquefied petro eum gases should contain ess than 0.1% by mass, and town {a5 0.25 glm? maximum, of sulphur. Fuel oils containing no more than 0.5% by mass of sulphur are satisfactory. ‘The furnace atmosphere should be neutral to slightly oxidising and must not fluctuate between oxidising and reducing. Flame impingement on the metal must be avoided.Nicrofer® 3718/3718 So* — alloy DS* Hot working Nicrofer 3718 and 3718 So* may be hot-worked in the range 1150 to 950 °C (2100 to 1740 *). Cooling should be by water quenching or as fast as possible. ‘Annealing is recommended after hot working to ensure maxi- ‘mum corrasion resistance and optimum structure. ‘The material may be charged into the furnace at maximum ‘working temperature. Cold working Cold working should be carried aut on annealed material Nicrofer 3718 and 3718 So* have a similar work-hardening rate compared to austenitic stainless steel and the forming ‘equipment must be adapted accordingly. ‘When cold working is performed, interstage annealing may become necessary. ‘ter cold reduction of more than 15%, final annealing is required before use, in so far as the creep-strength is important. Bending property and formabily is given even with oxidised sheets. Nevertheless the bending radius should be 3 times. sheet thickness, Heat treatment ‘Annealing should be carried out in the temperature range 1020 to 1120 °C (1870 to 2050 °F). Water quenching is essential for maximum creep resistance. During any heating operation, the precautions outlined earlier regarding cleanliness must be observed. Descaling High-temperature alloys form a protecting oxide layer in service. ‘Therefore the necessity of descaling should be checked. ‘Oxides of Nicrofer 3718 and 3718 So* and discoloration adja- cent to welds, are more adherent than on stainless steels. Grinding with very fine abrasive belts or discs is recommended. If pickling is necessary — as usual with high-temperature alloys — picking time must be as short as possible, Before pickling in a nitvic/hydrfluoric acid mixture, oxides ‘must be broken up by grit-blasting, fine grinding or by pre~ treatment in a fused salt bath Machining \Nicrofer 3718 and 3718 So* should be machined in the ‘annealed condition. As the alloys are susceptible to work- hardening, alow cutting speed should be used and tools should be engaged at al times. Heavy feeds are important in getting below the work-hardened ‘skin’, Advice on welding When welding nickel alloys and high-alloyed special stainless steels, the following instructions should be adhered to: Workplace ‘The workplace should be in a separate location, well away from the areas where carbon steel is worked. Maximum clean- liness, partitions, and avoidance of draughts are required. Auxiliaries, clothing Clean fine leather gloves and clean working clothes should be used. Tools and machinery The tools should be used only for nickel ays and stainless steels; brushes should be made of stainless material. Fabricat- ing and working machinery such as shears, presses or rollers, should be fitted with means (felt, cardboard, plastic sheet) of avoiding contamination ofthe surface of the metal with ferrous material Cleaning Cleaning ofthe base metal in the weld area (both sides) and ofthe filer metal (e.g. welding rod) should be carried out with ACETONE. Trichloroethylene (TRH, perchloroethylene (PER), or carbon tetrachloride (TETRA) must not be used. Edge preparation Preferably by mechanical means, ie. turing, miling or plan- ing; plasma cutting is also possible. However, in the latter case the cut edge (the face to be welded) must be cleanly finished. Careful grinding without overheating is permissible. Included angle The diferent physical behaviour of nickel alloys and special stainless steels compared with carbon steel generally mani- fests itself ina lower thermal conductiviy and a higher rte of thermal expansion.For welding of Nicrofer 3718/3718 So" it should be allowed for by means of, among other things, wider root gaps or ‘openings 1-3 mm, while an included angle of 60° is obliga- tory due to the low viscosity ofthe weld metal and the fow shrinkage. Sioge-V weld 0 ‘Speevpate thaness. upto 16 mm SLE ne} wotoasimn Singe-Y weld Depth oF web 6 Double-¥ wold 0" “<= Fo wells acoessbleat one se ony. Pata thickness 2B mm Fig. 1 ~E6ge preparation for welding of Nirofer 3718/5718 So (exemplary) Striking the are The arc should only be struck in the weld area, e.g. on the faces to be welded or on a run-off-strip, not on the surface of the metal, Strike marks lead to corrasion. Postweld treatment (pickling and brushing) Picking, if required or prescribed, is generally the last opera- tion performed on the weldment. In such a case, te work should be carted out by specialized firms. Consutation with ‘ur specialists i strongly recommended. if the workmanshia is ofthe highest quay, brushing immediately after welding, i.e. while the metalis stil hot, can often produce the desred surface condition, ie. heat tints can be completely removed Only fine grinding with clean belts or wheels should be ‘considered, and where possible should be fallowed by pick- ling/passivation Joining Nicrofer 3718 and 3718 So* can be welded by GTAW, plasma ‘arc and SMAW processes Prior to welding, material should be in the annealed condi tion, clean and free from scale, grease, marking paints etc. ‘A zone approximately 25 mm (1 in) wide on each side of the joint should be ground to bright metal Interpass temperature should not exceed 150 °C (300 °F) Neither pre- nor post-weld heat treatment is required. ‘The following welding products are recommended: craw Nicrofer$ 7020 W.-Nr. 2.4806 Plasma are ‘SG-NiCr20ND AWS A 5.14 ERNICr-3 MAW W.ANr, 2.4648, EL-NiCr1OND AWS A 5.11 ENICrFe-3 For optimum corrosion resistance argon-arc welding, i.e. GTAW is preferred Nicrofer 3718 and 3718 So* can be welded to a variety of dissimilar metals. In general, the electrodes and filler metals referred to above are used. Welding parameters and influences (heat input) Care should be taken to ensure that the work is performed with a low heat input (see table 6). Attention is also drawn to correct selection ofthe wire and stick electrode diameters. ‘The welding parameters should be monitored as a matter of, principleNicrofer® 3718/3718 So* — alloy DS* ‘Shee Welding Filer Weng parameters Welding Heat Pasma-gas! plate process metal speed input tate thick tl Root pass Intermediate and perunit ess meter final passes length mom mm A voa v crn Kiem Uiin 20 Manual 20 n ° 2pprox. max. 8 99.99 GTaW 2 8 69 Manual 2024 0 1 10 Mappa max. 10 99.99 Taw 2 8 120 Manual 24 1 860 1 approx max. 10 99.99 GTAW 2 8 40 Plasma = «10-1265 25 approx. max. 12 99.99 B 3 60 Pasmaare = «10-12 190-200 25 _2ppro. max 12 ar99.99 8 35 80 SMAW 25-325 90 © 1060-80 approx. approx. max, 65 Manual TAW 2.4 a 8 120 SMAWing 25325 90 1060-80 approx. appro. max, 65 Manual GTAW 2.4 ma 8 tn al gas-shalds wong operations, ensure afoqute bck shi, ‘These utes aecny a gue andre ond acts stig tho welding machines, Table 6 Welding parameters (guide values)Availability Nicrofer 3718 and 3718 So* are available in all standard mill Product forms. ‘Sheet and plate {for cut-to-length availabilty, refer to strip) Conditions: hot or cold rolled (hr, cr), heat treated and oxidised or descaled Thickness rm lee ao <0 2150 < 60 © 260 «00 260 <0 9m 2100 «200 220° be inches ler 006s < te o 2 he <% © 2% <4 o 2% <4 hr 2% <4 br ag be * oer sis sje to speci erty Forgings inches 100 100 100 120 6000 000 000 000 000 240 320 320 320 320 ‘Shapes other than discs, rings, rod and bar are subject to special enquiry. Discs and rings oo 3000 $2500 Conditions: hot rolled or forged, heat treated and oxidised or descaled or machined Product Weight Thickness kg mm Disc sa000 «$300 Ring <3000 = 200 inches Disc <8800< 12 Ring = 6600s 8 * tar ss subject special enqury Rod and bar Conditions: forged, rolled, drawn, heat treated and oxidised or descaled, machined, peeled or ground Product round square fat. axb hexagon round square ‘tat axb hexagon forged? <300 40-300 40- 80 x 700-600 25- 80 inches <2 14-12 Th 3% x8 24 1 -3% * ter sis sje to special engury 8 75 15-100 5-20 x120- 600 B- 50 1D on request con request ‘rawr 12-65 12-65 10-20 130-80 12-60 2h 2h 44 x13 42%1 Nicrofer® 3718/3718 So* — alloy DS* Strip Conditions: cold rolled, heat treated and oxidised or descaled or bright annealed** Thickness With Coit! 00s s0.10 300 400 3010 <020 300 400500 2020 <0.25 400 500 600 2025 <060 400 500 600 >060 £10 400 500 600 >10 £20 400 500 600 >20 30 400 500 600 Inches. Inches inches 0o016s0008 016-8 12 16 20004 50.008 016-14 12 16 20 20008 <0.010 016-30 16 0 4 >0010 <0024 020-30 1 2 24 Poo. <004 032-30 1% 2 24 >o04 <008 060-30 1% 2 24 >008 -012 10 -30 1% 0 24 + cactosength aval angi rom 5000 300 en (2010 120i ‘+ mmacram bicirass 3 Om Wire Conditions: bright drawn, Ye hard to hard bright annealed Dimensions: 0.01 ~ 12.7 mm (0.004 —% in) diameter in coils, pay-off packs, on spools and spiders ‘Seamless tube and pipe Using Thyssenkrupp VOM cast materials seamless tubes and Pipes are produced and available from DMV STAINLESS Int. Sales, Tour Neptune, F-92086 Paris, La Défense Cedex, (Fax: +33-1-4796 8126; Tel: +33-1-4796 8128), Welded tube and pipe Welded tubes and pipes are obtainable from qualified manu- facturers using Thyssenkrupp VOM semi-fabricated products. ‘Te information corti sd set bass on resus of reseach and lslopmer wrk avaible ae ine of pining and dos at rose ay ‘gavante of para chro rf. Tyseakrp VOM esos enh {Omak changes thet nce. The data soc fas Ban corsa tthe Gest naedge of Tryssereupe VOM ard gen wide ay fay one pat ‘ysseneuen YOM. yscenkupo WOM sat lable acta toe toms {les contact and parla tothe Gora Carns of Sats es a. {key om Myson VOM. As update fata sheets reno utamatealy snot hon ss, ‘Thyssen VOM recommen (rages he ts eon of requred data het etry pn 49 ()2592 66-2485, by fax 49 (2802 652111 oy Emat under fois. Hyssonupp om. ‘August 197 Eton. Tis elton supersedes mater data het no, 4002, dated Al 1989,ThyssenKrupp VOM GmbH Plettenierger Strasse 2 58791 Werdohl P.O, Box 1820 58778 Werdohl Germany Phone: +49 (2592) 55-0 Fax: +49 (2392) 55-2217 E-Mail: info@tks-vdm.thyssenkrupp.com \www.thyssenkruppvdm.com rofe QUEENSLAND AGENT: Isolthermics Australia Pty Ltd Phone: 07 3245 5561 Fax: 07 3245 4753 Email: info@isolthermics.com.au Web: www. isolther: com.au