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AbstractThese instructions give you guidelines for preparing II. GUIDELINES FOR MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION
papers for IEEE Transactions and Journals. Use this document
When you open TRANS-JOUR.DOC, select Page Layout
as a template if you are using Microsoft Word 6.0 or later.
Otherwise, use this document as an instruction set. The electronic from the View menu in the menu bar (View | Page Layout),
file of your paper will be formatted further at IEEE. Paper titles (these instructions assume MS 6.0. Some versions may have
should be written in uppercase and lowercase letters, not all alternate ways to access the same functionalities noted here).
uppercase. Avoid writing long formulas with subscripts in the Then, type over sections of TRANS-JOUR.DOC or cut and
title; short formulas that identify the elements are fine (e.g., "Nd paste from another document and use markup styles. The pull-
FeB"). Do not write (Invited) in the title. Full names of
down style menu is at the left of the Formatting Toolbar at the
authors are preferred in the author field, but are not required.
Put a space between authors initials. Define all symbols used in top of your Word window (for example, the style at this point
the abstract. Do not cite references in the abstract. Do not delete in the document is Text). Highlight a section that you want
the blank line immediately above the abstract; it sets the footnote to designate with a certain style, then select the appropriate
at the bottom of this column. name on the style menu. The style will adjust your fonts and
line spacing. Do not change the font sizes or line spacing to
Index TermsEnter key words or phrases in alphabetical squeeze more text into a limited number of pages. Use italics
order, separated by commas. For a list of suggested keywords,
send a blank e-mail to keywords@ieee.org or visit
for emphasis; do not underline.
http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/ani_prod/keywrd98.txt To insert images in Word, position the cursor at the
insertion point and either use Insert | Picture | From File or
copy the image to the Windows clipboard and then Edit | Paste
I. INTRODUCTION Special | Picture (with float over text unchecked).
IEEE will do the final formatting of your paper. If your
T HIS document is a template for Microsoft Word versions
6.0 or later. If you are reading a paper or PDF version of
this document, please download the electronic file,
paper is intended for a conference, please observe the
conference page limits.
TRANS-JOUR.DOC, from the IEEE Web site at A. Abbreviations and Acronyms
http://www.ieee.org/web/publications/authors/transjnl/index.html so Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are
you can use it to prepare your manuscript. If you would prefer used in the text, even after they have already been defined in
to use LATEX, download IEEEs LATEX style and sample the abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, ac, and dc do not
files from the same Web page. Use these LATEX files for have to be defined. Abbreviations that incorporate periods
formatting, but please follow the instructions in TRANS- should not have spaces: write C.N.R.S., not C. N. R. S.
JOUR.DOC or TRANS-JOUR.PDF. Do not use abbreviations in the title unless they are
If your paper is intended for a conference, please contact unavoidable (for example, IEEE in the title of this article).
your conference editor concerning acceptable word processor
formats for your particular conference.
B. Other Recommendations
Use one space after periods and colons. Hyphenate complex
This paragraph of the first footnote will contain the date on which you
submitted your paper for review. It will also contain support information,
modifiers: zero-field-cooled magnetization. Avoid dangling
including sponsor and financial support acknowledgment. For example, This participles, such as, Using (1), the potential was calculated.
work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Commerce under Grant [It is not clear who or what used (1).] Write instead, The
BS123456.
The next few paragraphs should contain the authors current affiliations,
potential was calculated by using (1), or Using (1), we
including current address and e-mail. For example, F. A. Author is with the calculated the potential.
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305 USA (e- Use a zero before decimal points: 0.25, not .25. Use
mail: author@ boulder.nist.gov).
S. B. Author, Jr., was with Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA. He
cm3, not cc. Indicate sample dimensions as 0.1 cm 0.2
is now with the Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort cm, not 0.1 0.2 cm2. The abbreviation for seconds is
Collins, CO 80523 USA (e-mail: author@lamar.colostate.edu). s, not sec. Use Wb/m2 or webers per square meter,
T. C. Author is with the Electrical Engineering Department, University of
Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, on leave from the National Research
not webers/m2. When expressing a range of values, write 7
Institute for Metals, Tsukuba, Japan (e-mail: author@nrim.go.jp). to 9 or 7-9, not 7~9.
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A parenthetical statement at the end of a sentence is Italicize symbols (T might refer to temperature, but T is the
punctuated outside of the closing parenthesis (like this). (A unit tesla). Refer to (1), not Eq. (1) or equation (1),
parenthetical sentence is punctuated within the parentheses.) except at the beginning of a sentence: Equation (1) is ... .
In American English, periods and commas are within
quotation marks, like this period. Other punctuation is IV. UNITS
outside! Avoid contractions; for example, write do not Use either SI (MKS) or CGS as primary units. (SI units are
instead of dont. The serial comma is preferred: A, B, and strongly encouraged.) English units may be used as secondary
C instead of A, B and C. units (in parentheses). This applies to papers in data storage.
If you wish, you may write in the first person singular or For example, write 15 Gb/cm2 (100 Gb/in2). An exception is
plural and use the active voice (I observed that ... or We when English units are used as identifiers in trade, such as
observed that ... instead of It was observed that ...). 3-in disk drive. Avoid combining SI and CGS units, such
Remember to check spelling. If your native language is not as current in amperes and magnetic field in oersteds. This
English, please get a native English-speaking colleague to often leads to confusion because equations do not balance
carefully proofread your paper. dimensionally. If you must use mixed units, clearly state the
units for each quantity in an equation.
C. How to Create a PostScript File The SI unit for magnetic field strength H is A/m. However,
if you wish to use units of T, either refer to magnetic flux
First, download a PostScript printer driver from
density B or magnetic field strength symbolized as 0H. Use
http://www.adobe.com/support/downloads/pdrvwin.htm (for
the center dot to separate compound units, e.g., Am2.
Windows) or from http://www.adobe.com/support/downloads/
pdrvmac.htm (for Macintosh) and install the Generic
V. SOME COMMON MISTAKES
PostScript Printer definition. In Word, paste your figure into
a new document. Print to a file using the PostScript printer The word data is plural, not singular. The subscript for
driver. File names should be of the form fig5.ps. Use Open the permeability of vacuum 0 is zero, not a lowercase letter
Type fonts when creating your figures, if possible. A listing of o. The term for residual magnetization is remanence; the
the acceptable fonts are as follows: Open Type Fonts: Times adjective is remanent; do not write remnance or
Roman, Helvetica, Helvetica Narrow, Courier, Symbol, remnant. Use the word micrometer instead of micron. A
Palatino, Avant Garde, Bookman, Zapf Chancery, Zapf graph within a graph is an inset, not an insert. The word
Dingbats, and New Century Schoolbook. alternatively is preferred to the word alternately (unless
you really mean something that alternates). Use the word
III. MATH whereas instead of while (unless you are referring to
simultaneous events). Do not use the word essentially to
If you are using Word, use either the Microsoft Equation
mean approximately or effectively. Do not use the word
Editor or the MathType add-on (http://www.mathtype.com)
issue as a euphemism for problem. When compositions
for equations in your paper (Insert | Object | Create New |
are not specified, separate chemical symbols by en-dashes; for
Microsoft Equation or MathType Equation). Float over text
example, NiMn indicates the intermetallic compound
should not be selected.
Ni0.5Mn0.5 whereas NiMn indicates an alloy of some
A. Equations composition NixMn1-x.
Number equations consecutively with equation numbers in Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones
parentheses flush with the right margin, as in (1). First use the affect (usually a verb) and effect (usually a noun),
equation editor to create the equation. Then select the complement and compliment, discreet and discrete,
Equation markup style. Press the tab key and write the principal (e.g., principal investigator) and principle
equation number in parentheses. To make your equations more (e.g., principle of measurement). Do not confuse imply
compact, you may use the solidus ( / ), the exp function, or and infer.
appropriate exponents. Use parentheses to avoid ambiguities Prefixes such as non, sub, micro, multi, and ultra
in denominators. Punctuate equations when they are part of a are not independent words; they should be joined to the words
sentence, as in they modify, usually without a hyphen. There is no period
after the et in the Latin abbreviation et al. (it is also
r2 italicized). The abbreviation i.e., means that is, and the
0
F ( r, ) dr d [ r2 / ( 2 0 )]
(1) abbreviation e.g., means for example (these abbreviations
are not italicized).
exp ( | z j zi | ) J 1 ( r2 ) J 0 ( ri ) d .
1
0 A general IEEE styleguide is available at
http://www.ieee.org/web/publications/authors/transjnl/index.html
Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been defined
before the equation appears or immediately following.
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TABLE I
UNITS FOR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
Conversion from Gaussian and
Symbol Quantity
CGS EMU to SI a
magnetic flux 1 Mx 108 Wb = 108 Vs
B magnetic flux density, 1 G 104 T = 104 Wb/m2
magnetic induction
H magnetic field strength 1 Oe 103/(4) A/m
m magnetic moment 1 erg/G = 1 emu
103 Am2 = 103 J/T
M magnetization 1 erg/(Gcm3) = 1 emu/cm3
103 A/m
4M magnetization 1 G 103/(4) A/m
specific magnetization 1 erg/(Gg) = 1 emu/g 1 Am2/kg
j magnetic dipole 1 erg/G = 1 emu
moment 4 1010 Wbm
J magnetic polarization 1 erg/(Gcm3) = 1 emu/cm3
4 104 T
, susceptibility 1 4
mass susceptibility 1 cm3/g 4 103 m3/kg
Fig. 1. Magnetization as a function of applied field. Note that Fig. is permeability 1 4 107 H/m
abbreviated. There is a period after the figure number, followed by two = 4 107 Wb/(Am)
spaces. It is good practice to explain the significance of the figure in the r relative permeability r
caption. w, W energy density 1 erg/cm3 101 J/m3
N, D demagnetizing factor 1 1/(4)
Vertical lines are optional in tables. Statements that serve as captions for
the entire table do not need footnote letters.
a
VI. GUIDELINES FOR GRAPHICS PREPARATION Gaussian units are the same as cg emu for magnetostatics; Mx =
maxwell, G = gauss, Oe = oersted; Wb = weber, V = volt, s = second, T =
AND SUBMISSION
tesla, m = meter, A = ampere, J = joule, kg = kilogram, H = henry.
A. Types of Graphics
The following list outlines the different types of graphics
in one of the following programs you will be able to submit
published in IEEE journals. They are categorized based on the graphics without converting to a PS, EPS, TIFF, PDF, or
their construction, and use of color / shades of gray: PNG file: Microsoft Word, Microsoft PowerPoint, or
Microsoft Excel. Though it is not required, it is recommended
1) Color/Grayscale figures
that these files be saved in PDF format rather than DOC, XLS,
Figures that are meant to appear in color, or shades of
or PPT. Doing so will protect your figures from common font
black/gray. Such figures may include photographs,
and arrow stroke issues that occur when working on the files
illustrations, multicolor graphs, and flowcharts. across multiple platforms. When submitting your final paper,
2) Lineart figures your graphics should all be submitted individually in one of
Figures that are composed of only black lines and shapes.
these formats along with the manuscript.
These figures should have no shades or half-tones of gray.
Only black and white. D. Sizing of Graphics
3) Author photos Most charts, graphs, and tables are one column wide (3.5
Head and shoulders shots of authors which appear at the inches / 88 millimeters / 21 picas) or page wide (7.16 inches /
end of our papers. 181 millimeters / 43 picas). The maximum depth a graphic can
4) Tables be is 8.5 inches (216 millimeters / 54 picas). When choosing
Data charts which are typically black and white, but the depth of a graphic, please allow space for a caption.
sometimes include color. Figures can be sized between column and page widths if the
B. Multipart figures author chooses, however it is recommended that figures are
not sized less than column width unless when necessary.
Figures compiled of more than one sub-figure presented There is currently one publication with column
side-by-side, or stacked. If a multipart figure is made up of measurements that dont coincide with those listed above.
multiple figure types (one part is lineart, and another is PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE has a column measurement of 3.25
grayscale or color) the figure should meet the stricter inches (82.5 millimeters / 19.5 picas).
guidelines. The final printed size of author photographs is exactly
C. File Formats For Graphics 1 inch wide by 1.25 inches tall (25.4 millimeters x 31.75
Format and save your graphics using a suitable graphics millimeters / 6 picas x 7.5 picas). Author photos printed in
processing program that will allow you to create the images as editorials measure 1.59 inches wide by 2 inches tall (40
PostScript (PS), Encapsulated PostScript (.EPS), Tagged millimeters x 50 millimeters / 9.5 picas x 12 picas).
Image File Format (.TIFF), Portable Document Format
(.PDF), or Portable Network Graphics (.PNG) sizes them, and
adjusts the resolution settings. If you created your source files
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from the manuscript in one of the file formats listed above in them all; use et al. only if names are not given. Use commas
section VI-J. Place figure captions below the figures; place around Jr., Sr., and III in names. Abbreviate conference titles.
table titles above the tables. Please do not include captions as When citing IEEE transactions, provide the issue number,
part of the figures, or put them in text boxes linked to the page range, volume number, year, and/or month if available.
figures. Also, do not place borders around the outside of your When referencing a patent, provide the day and the month of
figures. issue, or application. References may not include all
information; please obtain and include relevant information.
N. Color Processing / Printing in IEEE Journals Do not combine references. There must be only one reference
All IEEE Transactions, Journals, and Letters allow an author with each number. If there is a URL included with the print
to publish color figures on IEEE Xplore at no charge, and reference, it can be included at the end of the reference.
automatically convert them to grayscale for print versions. In Other than books, capitalize only the first word in a paper
most journals, figures and tables may alternatively be printed title, except for proper nouns and element symbols. For papers
in color if an author chooses to do so. Please note that this published in translation journals, please give the English
service comes at an extra expense to the author. If you intend citation first, followed by the original foreign-language
to have print color graphics, include a note with your final citation See the end of this document for formats and
paper indicating which figures or tables you would like to be examples of common references. For a complete discussion of
handled that way, and stating that you are willing to pay the references and their formats, see The IEEE Style Manual,
additional fee. available as a PDF link off the Author Digital Toolbox main
page.
APPENDIX
VIII. SUBMITTING YOUR PAPER FOR REVIEW
Appendixes, if needed, appear before the acknowledgment.
A. Review Stage Using Word 6.0 or Higher
ACKNOWLEDGMENT If you want to submit your file with one column
The preferred spelling of the word acknowledgment in electronically, please do the following:
American English is without an e after the g. Use the --First, click on the View menu and choose Print Layout.
singular heading even if you have many acknowledgments. --Second, place your cursor in the first paragraph. Go to
Avoid expressions such as One of us (S.B.A.) would like to the Format menu, choose Columns, choose one column
thank ... . Instead, write F. A. Author thanks ... . In most Layout, and choose apply to whole document from the
cases, sponsor and financial support acknowledgments are dropdown menu.
placed in the unnumbered footnote on the first page, not here. --Third, click and drag the right margin bar to just over 4
inches in width.
REFERENCES AND FOOTNOTES The graphics will stay in the second column, but you can
drag them to the first column. Make the graphic wider to push
A. References out any text that may try to fill in next to the graphic.
References need not be cited in text. When they are, number
B. Final Stage Using Word 6.0
citations on the line, in square brackets inside the punctuation.
Multiple references are each numbered with separate brackets. When you submit your final version (after your paper has
When citing a section in a book, please give the relevant page been accepted), print it in two-column format, including
numbers. In text, refer simply to the reference number. Do not figures and tables. You must also send your final manuscript
use Ref. or reference except at the beginning of a on a disk, via e-mail, or through a Web manuscript submission
sentence: Reference [3] shows ... . Please do not use system as directed by the society contact. You may use Zip for
automatic endnotes in Word, rather, type the reference list at large files, or compress files using Compress, Pkzip, Stuffit, or
the end of the paper using the References style. Gzip.
Reference numbers are set flush left and form a column of Also, send a sheet of paper or PDF with complete contact
their own, hanging out beyond the body of the reference. The information for all authors. Include full mailing addresses,
reference numbers are on the line, enclosed in square brackets. telephone numbers, fax numbers, and e-mail addresses. This
In all references, the given name of the author or editor is 1
It is recommended that footnotes be avoided (except for the unnumbered
abbreviated to the initial only and precedes the last name. Use footnote with the receipt date on the first page). Instead, try to integrate the
footnote information into the text.
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papers submitted for publication must provide sufficient [16] J. Jones. (1991, May 10). Networks. (2nd ed.) [Online]. Available:
http://www.atm.com
information to allow readers to perform similar
experiments or calculations and use the reported results. Basic format for journals (when available online):
Although not everything need be disclosed, a paper must [17] Author. (year, month). Title. Journal. [Type of medium]. volume (issue),
contain new, useable, and fully described information. For pages. Available: site/path/file
example, a specimens chemical composition need not be Example:
[18] R. J. Vidmar. (1992, Aug.). On the use of atmospheric plasmas as
reported if the main purpose of a paper is to introduce a electromagnetic reflectors. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. [Online].
new measurement technique. Authors should expect to be 21(3), pp. 876880. Available:
challenged by reviewers if the results are not supported by http://www.halcyon.com/pub/journals/21ps03-vidmar
adequate data and critical details.
5) Papers that describe ongoing work or announce the latest Basic format for papers presented at conferences (when
technical achievement, which are suitable for presentation available online):
[19] Author. (year, month). Title. Presented at Conference title. [Type of
at a professional conference, may not be appropriate for Medium]. Available: site/path/file
publication. Example:
[20] PROCESS Corp., MA. Intranets: Internet technologies deployed
behind the firewall for corporate productivity. Presented at
INET96 Annual Meeting. [Online]. Available:
REFERENCES http://home.process.com/Intranets/wp2.htp
Basic format for books:
[1] J. K. Author, Title of chapter in the book, in Title of His Published Basic format for reports and handbooks (when available
Book, xth ed. City of Publisher, Country if not online):
[2] USA: Abbrev. of Publisher, year, ch. x, sec. x, pp. xxxxxx. [21] Author. (year, month). Title. Comp an y . C ity, State or
Examples: Country. [Type of Medium].Available: site/path/file
[3] G. O. Young, Synthetic structure of industrial plastics, in Plastics, Example:
2nd ed., vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, [22] S. L. Tall een. (1 996 , Ap r . ). Th e In t r an et Archi -
pp. 1564. te c tu r e : M a n a g i n g i n f o r m a t i o n i n t h e n e w paradigm.
[4] W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems. Belmont, CA: Amdahl Corp., CA. [Online]. Available:
Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123135. http://www.amdahl.com/doc/products/bsg/intra/infra/html
Basic format for periodicals: Basic format for computer programs and electronic documents
[5] J. K. Author, Name of paper, Abbrev. Title of Periodical, vol. x, no. x, (when available online): ISO recommends that capitalization
pp. xxx-xxx, Abbrev. Month, year. follow the accepted practice for the language or script in
Examples: which the information is given.
[6] J. U. Duncombe, Infrared navigationPart I: An assessment
of feasibility, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. ED-11, no. 1, pp. 34
Example:
39, Jan. 1959. [23] A. Harriman. (1993, June). Compendium of genealogical
[7] E. P. Wigner, Theory of traveling-wave optical laser, Phys. Rev., software. Humanist. [Online]. Available e-mail:
vol. 134, pp. A635A646, Dec. 1965. HUMANIST@NYVM.ORG Message: get GENEALOGY REPORT
[8] E. H. Miller, A note on reflector arrays, IEEE Trans. Antennas
Propagat., to be published. Basic format for patents (when available online):
[24] Name of the invention, by inventors name. (year, month day). Patent
Number [Type of medium]. Available: site/path/file
Basic format for reports:
[9] J. K. Author, Title of report, Abbrev. Name of Co., City of Co.,
Example:
Abbrev. State, Rep. xxx, year. [25] Musical toothbrush with adjustable neck and mirror, by L.M.R. Brooks.
(1992, May 19). Patent D 326 189
Examples: [Online]. Available: NEXIS Library: LEXPAT File: DESIGN
[10] E. E. Reber, R. L. Michell, and C. J. Carter, Oxygen absorption in the
earths atmosphere, Aerospace Corp., Los Angeles, CA, Tech. Rep.
TR-0200 (4230-46)-3, Nov. 1988. Basic format for conference proceedings (published):
[11] J. H. Davis and J. R. Cogdell, Calibration program for the 16-foot [26] J. K. Author, Title of paper, in Abbreviated Name of Conf., City of
antenna, Elect. Eng. Res. Lab., Univ. Texas, Austin, Tech. Memo. Conf., Abbrev. State (if given), year, pp. xxxxxx.
NGL-006-69-3, Nov. 15, 1987. Example:
[27] D. B. Payne and J. R. Stern, Wavelength-switched pas- sively coupled
Basic format for handbooks: single-mode optical network, in Proc. IOOC-ECOC, 1985,
[12] Name of Manual/Handbook, x ed., Abbrev. Name of Co., City of Co., pp. 585590.
Abbrev. State, year, pp. xxx-xxx. Example for papers presented at conferences (unpublished):
Examples: [28] D. Ebehard and E. Voges, Digital single sideband detection for
[13] Transmission Systems for Communications, 3rd ed., Western Electric interferometric sensors, presented at the 2nd Int. Conf. Optical Fiber
Co., Winston-Salem, NC, 1985, pp. 4460. Sensors, Stuttgart, Germany, Jan. 2-5, 1984.
[14] Motorola Semiconductor Data Manual, Motorola Semiconductor
Products Inc., Phoenix, AZ, 1989. Basic format for patents:
[29] J. K. Author, Title of patent, U.S. Patent x xxx xxx, Abbrev. Month,
day, year.
Basic format for books (when available online): Example:
[15] Author. (year, month day). Title. (edition) [Type of medium]. [30] G. Brandli and M. Dick, Alternating current fed power supply,
volume (issue). Available: site/path/file U.S. Patent 4 084 217, Nov. 4, 1978.
Example:
Basic format for theses (M.S.) and dissertations (Ph.D.):
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