Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Road Design: Susan Handy TTP Orientation Seminar October 2012
Road Design: Susan Handy TTP Orientation Seminar October 2012
Susan Handy
TTP Orientation Seminar
October 2012
Road Design in the U.S.
Level Agencies Primary Primary
concern role
Federal FHWA National Funding Manuals and Guidelines
FTA Highway Policy from FHWA and state
System DOTs, also from
AASHTO American
State DOT Highways Planning Association of State
outside Building Highway and
metro Operating Transportation Officials
areas ITE Institute of
Regional MPO Highways, Planning Transportation
Transit transit Engineers
within TRB Transportation
metro Research Board
areas
Local Planning Local Planning
Public streets Building
Works Operating
Topics
Network design
Facility design
Plus others
Network Design
What are the two main purposes of
streets/roads/highways?
Whats the main difference between streets
vs. roads vs. highways?
National Committee on Urban Transportation, 1958
City of Sunnyvale, 1957
ITE Street Layout Principles, 1984
City of Austin, Comprehensive Plan, 1994
Benefits of grid?
More direct routes
Less distance
Less driving (?)
Less pollution, energy consumption, noise, etc.
More walking/biking
More exercise, less weight, better health, etc.
Better efficiency
Emergency response time
City services
Connectivity Measures
Source: Handy, Paterson, and Butler 2003
Source: Handy, Paterson, and Butler 2003
Source: http://www.fotosearch.com/photos-images/cul-de-sac.html
Berkeley Diverters
Source: http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/transportation/Bicycling/BB/BicycleBoulevardTreatments.html
Village Homes, Davis
"Traffic calming is the combination of mainly physical measures that reduce the
negative effects of motor vehicle use, alter driver behavior and improve
conditions for non-motorized street users."
- ITE Subcommittee on Traffic Calming
Speed Control Measures
Horizontal
Vertical Deflection Horizontal Deflection Other Measures
Narrowing
Speed Humps Traffic Circles Neckdowns Examples
Center Island
Speed Tables Roundabouts
Narrowings
Raised Crosswalks Chicanes Chockers
Raised Intersections Realigned Intersections
Textured Pavements
Speed Lumps *
Speed Cushion *
Split Speed Hump *
http://www.trafficcalming.org/measures2.html
Traffic Circles Roundabouts
http://www.trafficcalming.org/measures2.html
Chicanes Neckdowns
http://www.trafficcalming.org/measures2.html
Narrow Street Scenarios
http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~cpw/projects/pdf/featured/tgm_2003/powerpoints/366,11,Narrow Streets
Road Diet
http://la.streetsblog.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/10_06/10_8_08_complete_streets.jpg
Green Streets
Before Conditions
Source: http://www.planning.org/bookservice/highcost.htm
Traffic Management
Approaches:
Traffic control devices to
regulate behavior
Roadway design to shape
behavior
Goals:
Safety
Efficiency
Plus livability!
Source: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/pdfs/2003r1/pdf-index.htm
MUTCD Principles