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Jurisdiction in Civil Cases
Jurisdiction in Civil Cases
(2) Exclusive original jurisdiction over cases of forcible entry and unlawful
detainer: Provided, That when, in such cases, the defendant raises the questions of
ownership in his pleadings and the question of possession cannot be resolved
without deciding the issue of ownership, the issue of ownership shall be resolved
only to determine the issue of possession; and
(3) Exclusive original jurisdiction in all civil actions which involve title to,
or possession of, real property, or any interest therein where the assessed value of
the property or interest therein does not exceed Twenty thousand pesos
(P20,000.00) or, in civil actions in Metro Manila, where such assessed value does
not exceed Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) exclusive of interest, damages of
whatever kind, attorney's fees, litigation expenses and costs: Provided, That in
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cases of land not declared for taxation purposes, the value of such property shall be
determined by the assessed value of the adjacent lots."
Section 35. Special jurisdiction in certain cases. In the absence of all the
Regional Trial Judges in a province or city, any Metropolitan Trial Judge,
Municipal Trial Judge, Municipal Circuit Trial Judge may hear and decide petitions
for a writ of habeas corpus or applications for bail in criminal cases in the province
or city where the absent Regional Trial Judges sit.
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Section 19. Jurisdiction in civil cases. Regional Trial Courts shall exercise
exclusive original jurisdiction:
(1) In all civil actions in which the subject of the litigation is incapable of
pecuniary estimation;
(2) In all civil actions which involve the title to, or possession of, real
property, or any interest therein, where the assessed value of the property involved
exceeds Twenty thousand pesos (P20,000,00) or, for civil actions in Metro Manila,
where such value exceeds Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) except actions for
forcible entry into and unlawful detainer of lands or buildings, original jurisdiction
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over which is conferred upon the Metropolitan Trial Courts, Municipal Trial
Courts, and Municipal Circuit Trial Courts;
(3) In all actions in admiralty and maritime jurisdiction where the demand or
claim exceeds Three hundred thousand pesos (P300,000.00) or, in Metro Manila,
where such demand or claim exceeds Four hundred thousand pesos (P4,000.00);
(4) In all matters of probate, both testate and intestate, where the gross value
of the estate exceeds Three hundred thousand pesos (P300,000.00) or, in probate
matters in Metro Manila, where such gross value exceeds Four Hundred thousand
pesos (P400,000.00);
(5) In all actions involving the contract of marriage and marital relations;
(See Section 5(d) of R. A. No.8369, The Family Courts Act of 1997.)
(6) In all cases not within the exclusive jurisdiction of any court, tribunal,
person or body exercising jurisdiction of any court, tribunal, person or body
exercising judicial or quasi-judicial functions;
(7) In all civil actions and special proceedings falling within the exclusive
original jurisdiction of a Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court and of the Court
of Agrarian Relations as now provided by law; and (See Section 5 of R. A. No.
8369.
(8) In all other cases in which the demand, exclusive of interest, damages of
whatever kind, attorney's fees, litigation expenses, and costs or the value of the
property in controversy exceeds Three hundred thousand pesos (P300,000.00) or,
in such other cases in Metro Manila, where the demand exclusive of the
abovementioned items exceeds Four Hundred thousand pesos (P400,000.00)."
(2) In actions affecting ambassadors and other public ministers and consuls.
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Section 23. Special jurisdiction to try special cases. The Supreme Court
may designate certain branches of the Regional Trial Courts to handle exclusively
criminal cases, juvenile and domestic relations cases, agrarian cases, urban land
reform cases which do not fall under the jurisdiction of quasi-judicial bodies and
agencies, and/or such other special cases as the Supreme Court may determine in
the interest of a speedy and efficient administration of justice.
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(a) Criminal cases where one or more of the accused is below eighteen (18)
years of age but not less than nine (9) years of age or where one or more of
the victims is a minor at the time of the commission of the offense:
Provided, That if the minor is found guilty, the court shall promulgate
sentence and ascertain any civil liability which the accused may have
incurred.
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"The Court of Appeals shall have the power to try cases and conduct
hearings, receive evidence and perform any and all acts necessary to resolve
factual issues raised in cases falling within its original and appellate jurisdiction,
including the power to grant and conduct new trials or further proceedings. Trials
or hearings in the Court of Appeals must be continuous and must be completed
within three (3) months, unless extended by the Chief Justice." (As amended by R.
A, No. 7902)
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Sec. 17. Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court shall have
original jurisdiction over cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and
consuls; and original and exclusive jurisdiction in petitions for the issuance of
writs of certiorari, prohibition and mandamus against the Court of Appeals.
In the following cases, the Supreme Court shall exercise original and
concurrent jurisdiction with Courts of First Instance:
(1) All criminal cases involving offenses for which the penalty imposed is
death or life imprisonment; and those involving other offenses which,
although not so punished, arose out of the same occurrence or which may
have been committed by the accused on the same occasion, as that giving
rise to the more serious offense, regardless of whether the accused are
charged as principals, accomplices or accessories, or whether they have been
tried jointly or separately;
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(3) All decisions of the Auditor General, if the appellant is a private person
or entity.
(1) All cases in which the constitutionality or validity of any treaty, law,
ordinance, or executive order or regulation is in question;
(2) All cases involving the legality of any tax, impost, assessment or toil, or
any penalty imposed in relation thereto;
(3) All cases in which the jurisdiction of any inferior court is in issue;
(4) All other cases in which only errors or questions of law are involved:
Provided, however, That if, in addition to constitutional, tax or jurisdictional
questions, the cases mentioned in the three next preceding paragraphs also
involve questions of fact or mixed questions of fact and law, the aggrieved
party shall appeal to the Court of Appeals; and the final judgment or
decision of the latter may be reviewed, revised, reversed, modified or
affirmed by the Supreme Court on writ of certiorari; and
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