Reinforced Concrete Design ( RCD 1 ) Working Stress Design ( WSD )

Monday 5:00 9:00 / Thursday 6:00 9:00 Lecture Notes

Engr. Alberto S. Caete Professor Materials 2k6 2k7
Concrete
- Cement
- Sand
- Gravel
- Water
- Additives
Additives:
- super plasticizer
- retarder delay the setting of the concrete
- high strength / fast curing

fc - 28 day strength
- Ultimate strength
3000 psi = 3 ksi = 20.7 MPa or 21 MPa
4000 psi = 4 ksi = 27.6 MPa or 28 MPa
5000 psi = 5 ksi = 34.8 MPa or 35 MPa
10,000 psi = 10 ksi = 69 MPa or 70 MPa

Ec = 4700 f ' c (MPa) = 4.7 f 'c (GPa)

fc

0.85fc

NORMAL WEIGHT OF CONCRETE

pure concrete, w = 145 pcf = 22.81 ~ 22.8 kN/m3

reinforced concrete, w = 150 pcf = 23.56 ~ 23.6 kN/m3

Reinforced Concrete Design ( RCD 1 ) Working Stress Design ( WSD )

Monday 5:00 9:00 / Thursday 6:00 9:00 Lecture Notes
Engr. Alberto S. Caete Professor 2k6 2k7
Steel
- Reinforcing Bars, Rebars, Deformed bars Hookes Law
RC f = E*
- Intermediate grade ()

Yield stress Es = 200000 MPa

fy = 40 ksi (276 MPa) Grade 40 = 200 GPa
= 60 ksi (414 MPa) Grade 60

Reinforced Concrete Design ( RCD 1 ) Working Stress Design ( WSD )

Monday 5:00 9:00 / Thursday 6:00 9:00 Lecture Notes
Engr. Alberto S. Caete Professor 2k6 2k7
 Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam

d = effective depth

640 Ab
y 4 80 Ab 2 160 Ab 64
10 Ab
= 64 + 70
= 134 mm

From the figure:

Fv o
P = Ps + Pc

Compatibility relationship

c s
PL PL PL
; c c c ; s s s
AE Ac Ec As Es
Lc As Es
Ps Pc
Ls Ac Ec

Reinforced Concrete Design ( RCD 1 ) Working Stress Design ( WSD )

Monday 5:00 9:00 / Thursday 6:00 9:00 Lecture Notes
Engr. Alberto S. Caete Professor 2k6 2k7
 Where: Lc As Es
P Pc Pc
Ls Ac Ec
n = modular ratio
Es A A
P n s 1 Pc * c
= Ac Ac
Ec
P
(rounded to nearest whole number) P nAs Ac c
Ac
Ls = Lc = L Ac 1
P Ps Ps
As n

NOTE:
When dealing with 2 different materials,
convert steel to equivalent concrete.

By:
fc = 20 MPa, GR. 40
Es 200 200
n= = 4.7 f ' c 4.7 20 9.52 say 10
Ec

P Pc
f where: is the concrete stress
A Ac
P P
fc c ( nAs Ac ) is the area total ( At )
Ac nAs Ac
Ps P n
fs *
A
As A c n
s
n
P
fs *n
nAs Ac
fs fcn

Centroid / N.A.

c
y
Ay
ydA
A dA
Reinforced Concrete Design ( RCD 1 ) Working Stress Design ( WSD )
Monday 5:00 9:00 / Thursday 6:00 9:00 N.A as reference line Lecture Notes
Engr. Alberto S. Caete Professor 2k6 2k7
 ydA 0 or Ay 0
1
dA A 2bh
dA ydx
b
h h
h y xh dA 0 b x h dx
b
b
hx 2
hx
2b 0
h b2
hb 0 0
2 b
bh
q.e.d
2

Centroid of a Triangle
b
y 1
ydA 2 ydx 2 0 y dx
2

1 h2 2
b
h2
2
2 0 b
x 2
b
x h 2 dx

b
1 h2 x3 h2 x2
2 2 h 2 x
2 b 3 b 2 0
bh 2 1 bh 2
ydA 1 1 0
2 3
6
bh 2
h
y 6 q.e.d
bh 3 Substitute AS =bd
2
nbd nbd 2 4 b 2 nbd 2
c
b
n n 2
2 n
c * bd
b
c
n n 2 n
2

Reinforced Concrete Design ( RCD 1 ) d

Working Stress Design ( WSD )
Monday 5:00 9:00 / Thursday 6:00 9:00 c Lecture Notes
MNA (M
Engr. Alberto area above
S. Caete =M area below)
Professor k 2k6 2k7
d
k n n 2 n
2

 c
bc nAs d c
2
b 2
c nAs c nAs d 0
2
nAs nAs 2 4 b 2 nAs d
c
b
As
but : steel ratio As bd
bd

NOTE
I is minimum when computing it
passing through its centroid.

2
bc 3 bh 3 h
nAs d c I bh
2
I tr
3 12 2
dA y A
2
I y
2
1 1
bh 3
12 4
3
bh

3

Reinforced Concrete Design ( RCD 1 ) Working Stress Design ( WSD )

Monday 5:00 9:00 / Thursday 6:00 9:00 Lecture Notes
Engr. Alberto S. Caete Professor 2k6 2k7
 STRESSES

Strain concrete = strain steel

My
f
I
Mc
fc
I
M d c
fs ====> concrete stress at the level of the rebars
I tr
M d c
f s * n stress of rebars
I tr

ALLOWABLE STRESSES
For concrete Allowable fc = 0.45fc
For steel rebars Allowable fs = 138 MPa (Gr. 40 bars)
= 166 MPa (Gr. 60 bars)

Reinforced Concrete Design ( RCD 1 ) Working Stress Design ( WSD )

Monday 5:00 9:00 / Thursday 6:00 9:00 Lecture Notes
Engr. Alberto S. Caete Professor 2k6 2k7
 Doubly Reinforced
Rectangular Beams

tensile bars

Compression area
(b c A's ) 2nA's
b c ( 2n 1) A' s Conversion of compression
Creep flow bars to its equivalent concrete
=2n
Centroid
M 0 @ N . A.
1
bc c (2n 1) A' s (c d ' ) nAs ( d c)
2
b 2
c [(2n 1) A' s nAs ]c [(2n 1) A' s d ' nAs d ] 0
2
b
let A ; B (2n 1) A' s nAs & C (2n 1) A' s d ' nAs d
2
B B 2 4 AC
c
2A
bc 3
I tr nAs ( d c ) 2 ( 2n 1) A' s (c d ' ) 2
3
Stresses :
Mc
Concrete : fc
I tr
M (d c)
Tensile Bars : fs n
I tr
M (c d ' )
Compression Bars : f ' s 2n
I tr

ReinforcedConcrete
Reinforced Concrete Design( RCD
Design ( RCD 1 1) ) WorkingStress
Working StressDesign
Design( WSD
( WSD) )
Monday 5:00 9:00 / Thursday
Monday 5:00 9:00 / Thursday 6:00 6:00 9:00
9:00 Lecture Notes
Lecture Notes
Engr.
Engr. AlbertoS.S.Caete
Alberto Caete Professor
Professor 2k62k6 2k7
2k7
 IRREGULAR SECTIONS

TEE SECTION BOX INVERTED TEE CHANNEL

HOLLOW CORE DOUBLE TEE I - SECTION

ANALYSIS
Given: b,bw,tf,As,fc,fy,M
Find: Mcap, Stresses

Case 1: Case 2:
Use Singly Use Irregular
t f (b bw )(c t f / 2) bw c(c / 2) nAs ( d c )
bwc 2
2

t f (b bw ) nAs c t f
2 (b bw )
2

nAs d 0

b
A w
2
B B 2 4 AC
B t f (b bw ) nAs c
2A
2 (b bw )
C tf nAs d
2
2
1 tf b c3
) c w nAs ( d c) 2
3
I tr (b bw )t f (b bw )(t f
12 2 3
 Stresses

Mc M ( d c)
fc fs n
I tr I tr
Moment Capacity
fI fI
M c tr M s tr
c n(d c )
(concrete) ( steel )

Case 1 or Case 2? assume c = tf

If Moment of Area above > Moment of Area below; use singly ; c < tf
If Moment of Area above < Moment of Area below; use irregular ; c > tf

Reinforced Concrete Design ( RCD 1 ) Working Stress Design ( WSD )

Monday 5:00 9:00 / Thursday 6:00 9:00 Lecture Notes
Engr. Alberto S. Caete Professor 2k6 2k7