Chapter 3 Harmonically Excited Vibration (a) 8= = 2S = o-0425 m b) Sy- Fe co é st 7-7 Fooo 7 0-015 m y (¢) = JE = (soe022-22)%4 = 28-0143 rad/sec 0 W= ¢Hz= 37-6992 rad/sec | Ta] ots | Gazaaaay ae [- o-0185 m t-(G. GEA BBY = 2 = Die (40-0— 39-8) = 5 sec S Fooo = 010125 m @) Steady state solution at resonance = x(t) = = 000625 Opt Sint,t —m (a)at end of £ cycle, w,t=E and x(t) = 0100625 (E) sin T= 0.009817 m Bet at sin, (Dat end of 2b cycles, wt = 5% and x(t) = 0.00625(5i1) sins = 0 (C) at end of 52 cycles, wt= tw and x(t)= 0:00625( 22 1) sin 23a = ~ 0.2258 ™ fe _ loo = Hoos = 01025" 4 ( w \ Sst _ 0-025 ti, f(y f= [- ey] X Boxe {P2540 =05 Bh5 = F2™/.5 = 20.944 rad/ec ms 4/63) = 4000/(20.944)? = 9.1199 * = (Fm = 450007 = 22-3607 rad/tec Sst = Fee = 2500/5000 = 0-05 mne ap" = 22-3607 x = 15-84 Bir wah, ke Hk - Kye ak GY ae = Ya Sx 4k Ke * Force transmitted to the mass through kz: F(t) Fa) =_*e 6G) =_**_ pay. _*i Ke (fe t a (0) = Ste (Z )ere Fe = Sy coscot where Se = |, sul Steady state response of m? “O° TTY feo wt with Fo= z 4S Ke cos eat st (2 On Y Equivalent stiffness of wing (beam) at location of engine: Oe rae , = force ager °2GpP") pps? deflection == é 4é ‘Magnitude of unbalanced force: = mira? = mr { aa Equivalent mass of wing at location of engine: M Equation of motion: M¥ +kx—=mru? sinwt Maximum steady state displacement of wing at location of engine:Rotating unbalanced force, m r 4, can be resolved into two components as: Fy =mru sin wt (parallel y—axis) F, =mru? cos wt (parallel z—axis) Maximum bending stress at A: mrwR fo a= fo eee) YH ee ana | 34 (0.1) (0.1) (31.4167) (0.5) (22) = —_______—_—_ = 8.5124 (10*) N/m? a (0.14 — 0.08) = Pe 4H Maximum torsional stress at A: hast A mraR [+] | je sho IM, | [+] a aA (a4 — at = (as - as) = 4.2562 (104) N/m? ‘Total stiffness with steel specimen: Keq = ky + ky = 10,217.0296 + 750,000.0 = 760,217.0206 Ib/in Force in specimen due to magnets (static) due to elongation X = ke X. Force in specimen due to a.c. current in magnets (dynamic) due to elongation X = keg X—mo? X kX 1. K, gare|-2 ad Ratio of stresses = | 750,000.0 ie, 760,21 Squaring both sides of this equation and rearranging gives: 107.1225 wt — 15.7365 (10°) u? — 167.207 (10'*) =0 or u? =0,218378 (10°) (positive value) W = 4673.0035 rad/sec = 743.7442 Hz 3) Equation of motion: myq % + keq x = F(t) where meq = mass of valve and valve rod plus mass of spring at end = (20 + (15/3))/386.4 = 0.0647 Ib—sec* /in. Keg = 400 Ib/in, F(t) = A p(t) = A po sin w t = 100 (10) sin w t = 1000 sin 8t Ib. Response of valve (steady state) = xp(t) =X sin 8t in where 1000 X= = 2.5981 inGa) (a) Equation of motion: Mo X +k (x +x) +m g =F. X>0 (1) where F, = force exerted on the follower by the cam, my = mass of follower plus one third the mass of the spring, and xq = initial displacement of the spring. (b) Force exerted on the follower by the cam: k (x+ %) Fo =mp¥+k(x+xo)+mg (2) ™ “a Fe x 4 with x = e cos wt. weeee eee RI {c) Condition under which follower loses contact with the cam is when F, is zero and ¥ is negative, Equation (1) can be used to state this condition as: k (x +x) + mo g > | 1m ¥] (3) (©) Bye static radial displacement 7 Turbine of shagt under weight of =i turbine fra, 8 = radial deflection of shagt during rotation k= aac = stiffness of centrally loaded simply supported "3 beam m S¢97 = & C8 -S.e) or mo = or a fe Bt Km iD Critical speed is o.. = ys @:) Tp critical speed = £4h of operating speed, E=be ) Here m= 500/39¢.4 =1-2940 &- and w= 3000%2™o = 314-16 rad/sec For solid shagt (steel) of diameter d and length 2; &g- (Es) gives4 489EIT_ os y 2 6... . Wd Sa tay with E=3on10° pst and I= 72 . 3 hen Ag y3g36-8 (Es) a Let f=30d in &%-(e4): = 2700 = med = 11-9513 inch and fence L= 58-5395 inch. @& Tip Load = 0-1 tb. i= 4 4% r,t + int & (a -4a7) = dq (45-3-5%) = 5, 2002 48 EZ _ g9(s0x1w8) (5-2002) _ Ge (oo)? ~ m= 500/396-4 = 12940 b-Ss*/n @a= [t/m = $7498-298/1.2940 = 76-0719 rad /rec Eccentrecity = r=2 in, eccentric mass= Moz 74.99.2827 Lb/in Radial force due to eccentric mass at resonance 2 5 = Fo = mraw = Gea )@)(6-0719)" = 149-7654 Lb Let x(t) = radial displocement of turbine. AE resonance, Eg. (3-5) giver, for %o = X.=o> (ED = L Boe WE Sin Cont Where §4 = ay = To activate the limit switch, x(t) = 0-5 in. and hence 0-5 = 4 (0-02) (76.0719)t sin 76-0717 t hes t sin 76.0719t = 0-6573 ©) Ey-(E1) is solved by trick and error (assuming values of t= 10, 0-9, 0-8, 0-7, ete-) a8 te 0-670 sec. ot 2 258e x10 5674 tb s/n mass = de (0-2) (0-08) = 20833 x10 * int6 =é 2 zr 3(3 . o k= FEEL 3( 30x08) (2.0933 119) digas thy 7 4 oy? m= mass of beam= at (Jo x 042 x 0-08)= 7324 x0° 386 w-sth, 4 ——— oug7s VF vad Wg +023 m Ty] = 5-64ee @-5884 0-7324) 10 Ey. (3-68) gives x 1+ @rr)? tery v toes a Py + Gr te, (+ @xoot rv)? 7% 25 coe { } eros) (er*)*+ (ax ocr)” ve yt — 19996 r* 40:9996 =0 ve T= Go = 09999 +9999 GS, = 56463 rad ‘Sec. 2) be has YL Yule a ‘ F(t) Equation of motion for rotational motion about the hinge O: (Jo +M €*) 6 + (ky a? +key b?) O= F(t) O = Fo sinwt (1) Steady state response (using Eqs. (3.3) and (3.8)): 4,(t) = O sin wt (2) Foe rhe Oe 3) were (a a? +k, BF) — (Sy tM AF ®) i é 1 and Jy = 4+m(SP =p me (4) For given data, Jy = $ (10) (12) = 3.3333 kg—m?, w= = 104.72 rad/see, 1000 (2 7) 60 and800) ig 5738 (10-4) rad 5000 (0.25 + 0.5") — (3.3333 + 50 (1°) (104.72) Equation of motion for rotation about O: 4 eee Weak EG 7 poy nie[Exe 8 = My cos wt 7 7 where Jo= om @ +m cy =F =F (10) (0) = 1.4585 kent and w= 1000 rpm = 104.72 rad/sec. Steady state solution is: Gp(t) = © cos wt where = = i = ra nt z k@—Ipu? 5000 @ (1?) — 1.4583 (104.727) @) m= ae Ib—sec?/in, F(t) = 200 sin 100 7t Ib. Let Xpay =0.05 in < Ol in (maximum permissible value). From Eq, (3.33), wx = 6, a = 0.05 Xmax = bt aging Q) Let ¢ = 0.01. Then fy, = —2 = 200 ky key and Eq. (1) gives 200 k, = 20.0020 (10*) Ib/in “2 (0.01) Vi — 0.0001 (0.05) (20°) m/s Since shock mounts are in parallel, stiffness of each mount ‘a = 6.6673 (10*) Ib/in. i} ~ i Seq Vik, m or tq =o V2kq m =0.01 2 (20.0020 (10*)) (. 500 Je5_g) 77-1048 Ib—sec fin and hence ¢ = “1 = 2.3983 Ib-sec/in Equation of motion for torsional system: Job +e (8-4) +k, (9-0) =0 Q) where § = angular displacement of shaft and « = angular displacement of base of shaft = ag sin w t. Steady state response of propeller (Eq. (3.67)):kK 20m —>f<— 30 m —_H FESS] oaef oem ia shaft 2 oom o-4m shaft 4 6,(t) = © sin (wt — 4) i (2) Kita |? @) whee Om oa a FF (eo ten! Tg ey and $= ta oh A) ao Here Jo = 104 kg—m?, ¢, = 0.1, and w = 314.16 rad/sec. Torsional stiffnesses of shafts: (80 (10°)) [z (0.64 — oa} oud 2 = 27.2272 (10°) N—m/rad (ih = = aa (80 (10")) [s (0.4! — oa] G2 Je 32 (a) = Ze = a Series springs give: (kt) (ke)e _ (27.2272 (10°)) (9.4248 (10°) _ te * (Ke): + (ke)e 27.2272 (10°) + 9.4248 (10°) 7.00183 (10°) N-m/rad 4 = 6 (2 Wp ky) = 0.1 (2) V (104) (7.0013 (10°)) = 52,919.8624 N-m—s/rad From Ea. (3), 2 a (7.0013 (10°)? + {sm (10) eur] , = 9.4248 (10°) N—m/rad 6 =0.05 (10*) (314.16?)+ + 15.2920 (10*) (314.18) = 9.2028 (10~*) rad a (10*) (5.2920 (104) (314.16%) as 7.0013 (10°) [r-oors (10°) — (10*) (s14.16*)] + (5.2920 (10*) (314.16))? = tan”! (59.3664) = 89.0350° = 1.5540 rad SSSst (er = Gay pe Fe imam X, dX lig g forty Car) 27 )(29) epee dr a aie Gre pabe Car) saterryeor} ten -4r (1-1?) + ar3? 20 ie r=Vt-257 Sst. Xe ae” [ft- @as9 + Gs Vase yy x (2) - tee Under a d.c. current (I) through the coil, core rotates by angle 0. Torque developed due to I balances the restoring torque of spring: al =k, @ where a is a constant and ky is the torsional spring constant. Under an a.c. current I(t), torque developed is T(t) = a I(t) and the equation of motion is: So G +o b +k, O= T(t) =al(t) aly coswt Q) Steady state angular displacement of core: 4,(t) = © cos (w t — d).sp (2) [5 | where @=———_*# AJ ogg cr 2 7 fo -hef tla of f -ey} + f ‘ 2] | When w = 0 (d.c. current) and Ip = 1 ampere, Eq. (1) gives Cn = lz =1 (reading corresponding @4.) and hence a = k, = 62.5. ‘When w = 50 Hz = 314.16 rad/sec and Ip = 5 amperes, Ea. (3) gives: = 1.9386 ampereswhere Jo =0.001 N—m?, k, = 62.5 N-m/rad, c = 0.5 N-m-s/rad, and _ ew _ 62.5 “= ty ~ V door indicated by ammeter = 1.9386 amperes (this shows that the ammeter is not accurate), Ga) Ey. (3:34): Xres 2 aa = 250 rad/s. The steady state value of current ‘ = py ay veo Sys 27 7) = 004 5 (,) &y-(3-30): X= a 5 reo BV G- 7) + (2 7)* . te Sol s A &) 8st V¥ (- 0-757)* + (2 yx0-75)* eps (E\) and (Ez) give oo 4 e045 — fougH+ 225 57 bes 0-194 + 2:25 J? = 16 7 bes TS o+tl8o Kee ze @& (a) Eguation of motion of masr ¢, x =) . Cos . a soe mx = ¢(¥-x) gk - Ke ky, = “(9 -%) ee me + Cree) X Hex =e, ¥ =-CvY sin wt (b) x,t) = —Giet/ es) [G-r¥+ Gry afzye where r= W/o, , $= (cit a)aGy xy and fo tan (5). (Cc) steady-state force transmitted to point P: sin @t-¢) = ka pte dy = _ = (e091) G93)" + C2zryt sin @ot—#) + 2 con(wt-#}@& Eg. (334) gives Qe. o + > &%- (2:30) gives *| W= On to 4 5 Ht Wey § Tarte Garey Sguaring and rearranging = G-V) + 4ytet = t-2rte ty art st tH +r? (4x72) + (t- 857) =0 yrs 4-257 + 2x firyz Neglecting terms involving 2 = 1427 Let os=a, when r*= t-25 and we O, when rea 4+ 25 Gee 28) (G2 8) so = 43 nt Oy (25>) ,— 94 Bro, => + Oy = TE dt _ x (77-3x0 ‘a wat N-m/rad es ES a. eles set) x A.) * = 19 930-31 J x, Wy He fiso30-31 BIL 44.6434 rad/sec On = Mto ee = 1009/\9930.31 = 00502 vad Sent. 100 se” on. a3 2 I Wn 2(10) (44-6434) (@) &y- (3-30), when written for a torsional system, gives ® _____4i Ge [G-)*+ sry bey (2/57-2956) t 0-0502 (i=)? + (2 « 0-336 ry te, 4 i5q9q r* 40677 = 0 ve, 17% = 2.0655, — 0 SU7F w= TOy= (2.0655 (44-6434) = 64.16 radfec(b) Maximum torgue transmitted to the support: M(t) = &, oft) + Cy 6(t) = kK 6 wf (wt- 2) - &% @@ sin (uwt—s) ("max = (Fs Ge a? = 967-2 N-m & Complete solution is x(t) = x, o 7M cos layers) X cof (ot $) @= 1m (35) = 29912 ved/sc, U9,- fe = (EES2 = 15-314 rat /see Bae A= Hie= 0072» c 45 Y= aaa, = Wess) = 4s rsa 13908 VOn= JE=T™ Oy = 15-6505 x= _ o.072 Varn e @an? [G- 131087)? + (2 x0-1423 « 1-3908)*] *h = 0:07095 m 459 = tant (25 = tat (2 = : 8 tax ( aes y= = 22-9594 m2ast x)= xX, €7 A (15 6505t + ,) + 0.07095 cot (21-9712 E + 22: 957!") = 22st a x(t)= 225 x, 2? A (15-46505¢ + 65 _ 15.6505 x, 8 258, Geusosteg) = 2beeaiz en Adm (21-9912 t 422-959") (0) = 0-015 = X WA, + 0-070RS cof 22-959/° X ef. = — 0-05033 ---- (1) *e)= 5 =225 X. AB —15-6505 X_ Aim Ay — 15603 Aim 22-959" 2:25 X- wt, -—5 15-6505, =0- 6086 Atm 9. = Eyt-(€r) and (Ez) give Xo = {0.050334 (0-350 ye = 03547 “17 0-350 . = tan ( $553) = tom'( 6.9760) = 31.8423 = 03s ----(€2)ot (a) &%.(3-38) gives ze (Dez = O22 Bs 0-25 (b) €gs-(3-42) yield (BY? 2 ay = 05 + 094 = Gy Vod = (5427) VOR = 22-2145 rad/sec Oy NTF = (Gx awe = 38-4766 rad/sec 632. 2 Bye was 205 rn) @) Amplitude of vibration under base excitation: (0.2) Vk? + c? (157.08)? =01m () 2 fe — 2000 asrass} +e csr Let k = 5'(10°) N/m. Then Eq. (1) gives: 'V 25 (101) + 2.4674 (104) c® =05 1966.77 (10"*) + 2.4674 (104) ¢? i.e, 1.85055 (10*) c? = 466.6929 (107) ie, © =158805.0 N-s/m K+ eF ut 7 k—mat] +etut}| *P or Y = 169.5294 (10~°) m Equation of motion: 4 é é é é 3¢é 3¢ wi+fe£q fof 7 E+ fe Ee 2 =a cones or Bote Las See omMycosutart a({f-t ate Fy (0) a2) = 1.4588 kgm? r ~ oson fy _ eens & k@= 2 ao (1?) = 3125.0 N—m/rad 000 (2 60 104,72 rad/sec Equation of motion becomes: 1.4583 6 + 62.5 6 + 3125.0 8 = 100 cos 104.72 t Steady state response is given by Eq. (3.28): H(t) = © cos (wt — 4) = © cos (104.72 + — 8).sp where © = ————"________________ = 0.008027 rad 2 2] {250 — 1.4583 our + fees cour 62.5 (104.72) and ¢ = tan™ — 2 (104-72) 0.4705 rad = — 26.9606° 3125.0 — 1.4583 (104.72?) m = 100 kg, Fo =100 N, Xmax = 0.005 m at w = 300 rpm = 31.416 rad/sec. Equations (3.33) and (3.34) yield: wau, Vi-2¢ -VWE 7-22 =31.416 or k(1—2¢) =(100) (sins?) = 98,696.5058 (1) 1 0 1 Xa = & oe = 0.005 sad Xe asMi-e FE 2pVi-¢ ‘0 or kg Vi-¢ = Fyeonsy = 10,0000 (2) Divide Eq. (1) by (2): = 9.8696 (3) sVi-¢ Squaring Eq. (3) and rearranging leads to: 101.4090 ¢ — 101.4090 2 +1=0 or ¢ = 0.0998, 0.9950 Using ¢ = 0.0998 in Eq. (1), we obtain 98696.5056 k = ————_ = 100, 702.4994 N/m 1 — 2 (0.09987) Since ¢ = S| we find 2m a, e=2muy ¢=2 (100) \/ sere (0.0998) = 633.4038 N—s/mKz (r8) Fas Fy: reactions ' ato at TV, in Equation of motion for rotation of pulley about O: ky (81) r—Jg 6—ky x (2t)—cX(2r) + Fo sin wt (2r)—m¥(2r)=0 (1) where 9 = x/(2r). Equation (1) can be rearranged as: J (remdsveerss fire tidxnaensans (2) For given data, Eq. (2) becomes 11¥+50X+1125x=5 sin 20t (3) Steady state response is given by Ea. (3.25): Xp(t) =X cos (wt — 4) where X= —————_>\_________ = 9.901136 m 2 2]+ {uss — 11 (207 i + fo eo} — 0.20) __| = 0.2091 rad = —13.1287° 112.5 — 11 (20%) | ~~ 7792 t= . and ¢=tan () @) SD Mo =0 (about hinge): wis feo 8s f+ (ce8) or Bote a4? ake Magnitude of steady state response: e= (5s ne wef see at (1)(b) 3 Mo =0 (about hinge): otk eaerer24 7 Foé or b+ Se cPbtke om sin wt Magnitude of steady state response: eet « Usually, ¢ is small compared to k. If the term containing c is negligible, ©, will be smaller than ©,. Hence arrangement (a) is desirable. & HO) = lye newret ; FH=4 yt) = — Bz co wt + Bt t a, Assuming y(2) = Ye) =0, we get y(t) = -t cos ost Exyuation of motion: mk + k (Z-¥) =0 4 ben m+ Ky BMF SW m Ky (t) = mA coseot where 3= 2-3 Solution is : mA ws ot Re) = kone 1 x)= 3@+4 x)= (7s a) cos ot From solution of problem 3.33, =mA : A, x(t) = [oman sin wt - 2S sin ot 2000 2. 00° (738) Pee ee Sin ast 011 #108 — 2000 (25)*, For moximum x(t), = (=200 t - CE) = (<0 - Zig) tin 2et = aaa 01d sin ast om ty Maximum horizontal Sisplacement of fleor = 0:3339 mm© m(e-$) + #(a-2) =-m¥ ome >) Here y(t) = y(t) = X, cos wt, and &p- (E;) becomes ™A+ ky = motX, wsot with zo x-¥ Solution is: BI z(t) = mo Xg set — Xv cos wt k= mas? ith = [ee a w Bune JR = [OBR Lis. gy rad/sec and r= 03, = 200/5. ana = 12-6491 t= 12664917 ee fao)) i—S oa} cos 200t = ~ 1264917 x (4) = 4(E) + 3 (t) = fo-018 cs 200t — [o-0509| cos 200t} m 0+01509 cos 200 m i Amplitude ef whration ef floor = 0-03009 m = 30-09 mm. Time fazen by car to travel one cycle 2X G5 m) is = = BX 1, gee 60 K 1000 Excitation freguency = «9 = 42 = 2-992 rad fee (9,2 2™(2) = 125664. vad/eec , r= = 02381, Amplitude of vibration of car is given by €g.(3-68): x -[ a+ (2yr)? |* «) as Gart}? + (ase) ‘ A (2x 0-15 x 0-2384)* Yo (A= 0-23817)* + (2x 018 x maa = 9 105977 m The most unfavorable speed corresponds to the maximum of x in &%- (Et). For maximum of + with respect tr, Js 045 X= ot 4 14 4.571? eos]? en Grrtnarte a str(estr) — (tsar (erearsae rn) _ Cis inary a erty fey ar (aytr4 4 r® ° » be, a, -1% Vite s* r=o or yrFeasible value of yee ott [1 + 8 Co-1s)* e = 019586 4 (0-15) re @ Bq = 019791 2m G9 = 0/9791 (12-5664) = 12+3035 rad/sec = Ee = 35%3600 : where 7 = 2343600 | yt 52 speed of car in km/hr. o = 1213035 x35 x 3-6 4 ze = 246-7279 tm/tr. Equations (3-73) and (3-68) give ee ax. wary fat arnt 4 , (eae +QsrF Fro met a+ G3)” OOK Q- rt)? + (2x0) e 1+ G@yry 1" (4-12)? + (2a r>* bg .(3-75): me Che KR a mea mary cor vt steady-state solution is: 3) = Ory cor @t— A) _ G- mo) + Gay Z ws @t-#) where = tan "Git es Damping force = ¢ AE = _ cup Z sin (wt Hr) Energy absorbed per ayele by the damper (E)= 203 20s e€= J, CE dy = ff ces Z cin (wt —Appf-oZ snot sf at 2%s = eZ ff sin? wot- 3) at = ew Z ‘ Since Zea maty/ [@—ma*)? + Ca , > xceo (mot?) &- mor + ches For maximum power, SE 20 deier {(te—mes*)* 4 c% 09 (7e? mY) — 1 omy (2¢ @*) _ {h- meas*)* + creo pe ° Linear displacement of point Q due to 0 = ae @ and net compression of spring PQ = 3 6 —x(t). Equation of motion: 3 kee é 36 3¢ win HEE EW (84-309 af (y) a fy 7 — 2) = 1.4583 kg—m? where Ip = 75m @ +m (7) gine ag 29) 007) “ g—m' Hence Eq. (1) can be rewritten as i+ [Pee] e-[fxen] save @ Steady state angular displacement of the bar is given by Eq. (3.6): e= dex) fixe ve] 3) -| (1000) (1) (0.01) ifé {1000) (17) — 1.4583 ow} = 0.01565 rad and hence 6(t) = O sin wt = 0.01565 sin 10 t rad Equation of motion: R C0 ,€ € a € 3é 3é pbm—% £2 (6) 0 £ (4) —x 24 ox] 88 em b+ pet ot sne atken—Fkemsinut 1) where Ip tats = (10) (12) = 1.4583 kg—m?- (2) 48 2 1 é a me +n(¢|Using given data, Eq. (1) can be expressed as 1.4583 6 + ¥ (500) (12) 8+ 3 (1000) (12) @ = B (1000) (1) {0.01) sin 10 ie, 1.4583 8 + 31.25 8 + 625.0 0 = 7.5 sin 10 (3) Steady state angular displacement of the bar is given by Eq. (3.28) with: 75 e= 01311 rad {fvse — 1.4583 (a0*)]” + 31.257 oor} ae 31.25 (10) $= ten [sc 1.4583 (10%) | ~ 05779 rad 7, Ot) =O sin (wt — ¢) = Displacement transmissibility (T): pax. L+(2¢r? F Y [a—-F! +@¢n? 1.01311 sin (10 t — 0.5779) rad For maximum of T, 144g? F (Q+r-2r)+4e 2 ? @en-at4er) [ie arsed ° ‘This equation can be simplified to obtai (2¢)r +r —-1=0 Solution: 1? = tt Vited or raty= at VVigs¢e-1 oyEquation of motion: M¥+ex+kx=med?sinwt ere ae 60 = 314.16 rad/sec, M = 100 kg, c = 2000 N-s/m, k = 10° N/m, m = 0.1 kg and e = r = 0.1 m. Steady state response is: x(t) =Xsia (ut t= 9) spwhere X= Io —Mu} +(e | = 0.1 (0.1) (314.167) 2 fw — 100 xs} + (2000 (314.16))* wad ¢ ota ee 7 = tann? {2000 (314.18) 10° — 100 (314.16” = — 0.07072 rad = — 4.0520° 8 7 = 110.0960 (10°*) m = spring constant 0, i ea fy “ be f qail section cantilever beam Csetg mass > 240 #9) = BED _ 3(25 xi) Ers 25 MN/m , $2015 = “qr = a m= 20 Ky 20-5 9 ontSm zo 7a nit nie - (= 0-172 x10 o ya, +0-25 Mp Jovols(acy = 38-2753 rad/sec aw (150°) /éo = = 157-08 rad/sec r= 09/e3, = 1S7-08/38-2753 = 4-1040 , r*= 16-9428 Forced response is given by &. (3-79) xp Ct) = where o X sin (ot - 6) me. m fa-)* + @rr)* = 215) 20 X= Vv ( 2428) + (2x0 5 x 4+ 1040) 23-9747 x10 m= 3-9747 mm= 45 — M2 _ 380 x 9-81 Sse Goo MO kK en k= 82,940 N/m [RE = [BRE = areas fers 0 em(rse) = 183-26 "hee = 183 ne ata. 4 Gn = Tatege = (2°42 154-0566 (1) Amplitude of vibration sq os6e <= Ga Gen” 590 [Geneseo = 3:9732 x10 zt m (ii) Force transmitted to ground = &X = (82940) (3.9732 x10") = 329180. N + T= (0-5) (0:4)? = 0-4167 x10 om -* me age Ls {acon} (ote? x") Lage x10” N/m @) w,= iE paaazzet = 420-2856 red/iec We rn(1200)/o = 125-464 rad/tec r= Ys, = 125-664/ 420.2956 = 01299 » ris 00994 Amplitude of steady-state vibration is given by Ey. (3-39) with =o: xe — ot i ~ =f RCE 3248 x10" )(0- 906) = 0414s x17 m (b> Using the effective mass due to self weight of beam (for & cantilever) te be valid tere also, [__* 7 @, = f—* ____ M+ 062357 m where M= mass of motor =75 #9, and m= mass of beam = Go r0-8 v0-1)( 765 x10") = 1999-5313 Hy 0, = 13-242 x 10! (oa GignEsiyeasey = 157-4229 rad/eec ra Wa, = 125+ 664/157-4339 = 079392 5 r*= 0-697)S000 (3248 x10") (03629) = = be4oo x10 - m Let width =0-5m and thickness at m 5 3 2 at teks = fm zy = ae = 3(207%0")( 4) 2 2-07 x10" t? N/m @ @,= /—*—__ M+ 0-2357m 3 Where m= mass of beams (5x 05% t( 7ee me ) 19495-41t 4y 207 xt t? . @, = /————"** 75 + 02357 (19495-4it) re oe = 125-664 [75 + 4595-0699 t Tote? Sst xX=7 t= —fe _ Wetted ete] G07 xk Pf 25-664) [ Te ases oeett } -1} 7 ot +7 ive ca hen \.stor st t*- 4595.069¢ 74.947 20 By triat and error, the value of & js found as te oem. Since this is too large, we can Shart with o new widit suchas Lom: m= 6%.91) N, OF 2702 /eo = 104-72 rad/see & = 6 (6000) = 36,000 N/m @, = 9m = [36 000/02) = 24.2611 rad/sec v= WK, 2 104-72/24-2611 = 43164 > res 18-631! 2 x= a Mee Bo here my = unbalanced mars « [ref rt—e| and e@ = eccentricityfen me & (104+72)* ae Sy ee Cleat 36000 [17-6311 | Fe, mye = 01447 Ky—m unbalance = Wee = ™gZe = O:1447 (7181) = 14195 Nom _ 1000 2 9. tb _ 2 (1500) _ e559 rad m= 1222 = 2-508 B= 5 we jee) _ 157-08 TF Possible isolators am: (/) k= 45000 Un , FeO (ii) «= 90000 bsn » S20 ) k=45000 bn » F=015 (iV) k= 90000 U/in » S=orld We will compare the force transmissibilrties of these isolators. Force transmissibility = T, 1+ @rry "NG + rr? (i) w= (EB = [43202 0 131-8634 vad/sec v= Wf, = IS708A3(. 3634 = IZ 5 r= 14190 } = ry = 2-38 aay = 7 38CE 2 70ers = 186.4829 radfrec 157-0%/ig6.4929 = 0-8423, 0/7095 Te —-—L = [i-r4} 2905 > 32-4423 AS cco = 131-9634 rad frec 2°58F re bigiz 5 r= b4IFO 5 Ss o0-l5 T= be (2 6 1192 x 0H15)* a net = 19282 C= 141t0y + (2x 1912 x 015) /) y= 186-4929 rad/sec > = 08423, r2= 09-7095, Y=ols The t+ (2 * 0-8423 x 015)* r a = 26789 (- 0.7095)" + (2x 0/8423 x 0-15>* Isolation (iii) is best.+ (yr) mo. 1 = / _ a me 25x 25055) ay ©) Mnzlb s G me X ~ OS €) Combining (£1) and (Ee), we obtain AM ot, me Oe ay T= 364 For each spring, A 4 Gi. 5385 % 10°) (0-25) k= ad" ee er) = 26.083 Mb/in “64m Rk 64 (2) (1-5)? Total = 4 (26-083) = 104-332 Lin = 2m (1809) = 183-496 rad /sec m= 100/s9¢.4 tb-S7%in, m= T50/z96.4 yae w= fe’. [te4-332 - >. aed foe ™ Cse/aeeay = 73316 vad/se r= 188-496/7,33)¢ = 25-7102 5 r2= 661-0144 me et 000 (0101) ute x= ™ [i+ xn? = — 350 \ 660-0144 = 13354 x19? in. w= 2T(OYZ, = 157-08 rad/sec (a) Force due to eccentrcecty of rotor = mecw*= Gz) (oo) Cs 7-08" = (97-1569 Lb. ¢b) WP 1500 rpm = (Force)(eccentricity) (angular velocity) = (19-1569) (281) pref) = 0:004559 hp-z (9 ose Vie @ = /[t2 5A 386-4 Qa = 39-314) rad/sec oe ea a fp safes tobe —s ie Ch )yrate sen * Gis 40)" + (gogq) GD? = U4 2612 Wein sec? Je (7% 54)° = 79-8205 b&b = me w= (32 BRE Point R is subjected to the force, F(t) =F, cos cat =79/9205 cos 7#.54¢ Assume that $ is not moving. a. Then Ris displaced by = xcey- te cosast _ Fo coset, == 79 8208 cos wt = mao* -@y lad { #f-@] 200 [eC ERY'] = 01334 CoS 79-54 t inch Let = angular displacement of plate Pa. Displacement of S= 5@ inch Extension of springRS = (5 - 01334 cos 78-54%) inch Restoring moment of spring force about P = 200 [50 = 0-1334 cos 77-54 ¢] 5 Lb-in Velocity of Q= 40 6 inch/rec Damping force at Q= 406(1)= 406 & . Moment of damping force about P= 406 (40) = 1600 0 db-in Equation of motion of plate. Pa: Jp + Goo 6 + (000 (50 — 01334 cos 7854) =o bes 141-2612 B + 1600 6 4 5000 = 133-4 cos 78:54 () Comporing (E,) with &.(3.24), the solution of (E,) can be expressed a6 904) = @ cos (Ot-g) where , From Egs. (3:30) and (3-31), we get @ = 0334/5000) sig 9s vad (1-174 2151)? + (2% 019519 « 13-2013)" and gf = tew! (25-1326 /173-2751) = —8-2529° Steady state motion of @= 0, (40) = o:006095 (78:54 t + 9.2529") inchDisplacement of S = @(s) inch =( >4) (5) teh gq” 5298 «ie ")(5) in o.oo" = 00007619 inch Dy Pa D, Ds = maximum deformation of Spring = 0- 1334” Max. force transmitted to point J = & (2.23) = 200(0-1334) = 26-¢8 Lb Te ) a gin wt cos (Wt —B) dé roo eee cst. chp + sin ot sin gy dt 3 (fas 4 (sin eats cot Wt) + An fp CainPeot) } at s aay sn a ($2) ° cos $ cos 20t aoe ye” + ind (e _ sin zetyjmie = WEX-I = oORX sng (4) = displacement of mass m fength of each spring,k, = (f2+2")* New tension in each spring ky = T=(Vf+a™ —£)* + To Horizontal component of new tension in each spring = Tas Vertical component of new tension in each spring ky 2 Sas Total friction force = fh mg jae when mass moves to righ! Equation of a of mass m: fee plea Pepe + te mut where As arter of piston. mx + ky e+ mee x (ket 2 %) SAME +p +A simak why, when the mass mover to let: met * (eee OG ap To + f Asin ot@* = [E- [HEE = 32-403703 rad/see = vertical force = mg = 2(9-34) = I9:62N a 2:5173268 x27 = 0-4 88igt On 32° oe 4 +62) . ne | 2- (Ay ies g.07s = 2 a> are} (r= 0-4991917) ie, t- 0-04334 p> \ 472 tates = (2200884 FO 1 0:5802473 ie, 0:9995666 = 1-0-04334 pe prot Ww _ 5000 5 G3) #= Fe = FOS? = to N/m when o9= 03,, Eg. (3-102) gives RB X= _ _to00 . ep? Ct GRR F Prot (P) AW= 1 Cy @X% = WRK Xx? where Cop= & from Eg. (3100) AW= Wr (0-4) (105) (0-1)* = 314-16 voules /cyele (©) Steady state amplitude at ome-guarter of resonant Sreguency : Gy = 025 Fo = 1000 * [ay Pe FO peeps ont = 90-0106 m (4) steady state omplitude at thrice the resonant freguency: o 2 23 Oy, looe LG sere = 0100125 m& aw = 7B« x" ; 28 = A (60000) (o.04)" f (204) = 0:0000202 35 = © (60000) (o.06)* } B (026) = 00000504 Taking logarithms, Lm pp + bn (0:04) = Ln (0, 0000 202) InP + tm (0-06) = Ln(0-0000 504) ten fn 6 - 3-249876 P= -10-809928 ---- 1) dnp — 281340 Y= -9-995St1 ----(E2) Subtracting (€,) from (2), 0405465 P= 0-914309 Y= 2254964 From (Ex), fm A= ~ (0-809929 + 3-219876 (2:2549 64) = -3-551377 A= 0-028685 Work done = W= fF de = fF % dt If F(t)= F wswt and x(t) = X cos(wt—-f), Work done in one cycle anfs = We - JF cor wt. WX sin (wt- 6) dt 2¥%s = @x oS — = x ets (3, cos sat) = KywXx sing Given data: f= 5 ub, wean St, r= d sec, ga ET, x=05" W= Fm Xx sing = 50 (0.5) sin F = 6.8019 U-in (7) In one second, it will complete 14 cycles wi, second = 165 W = f0-2027 tb-in. (i) In four seconds, it will complete © cycles w] = 6 W = 40-8108 wb-in. A seconds Damping force = F= C(x)” Energy dissipated per guarter cycle during harmonic motion x{t)= X snot ie Thos Was . ae. FSG" ae = fe (wx eset) de ° a But oo dx= k dt = WX eotwt. dt