BI GING :

AUTOCAD NNG CAO V

LP TRNH TRONG AUTOCAD

Ngi lp : Trn anh Bnh

Sch tham k h o :
AutoCAD 2004 Bible -Wileys & Sons
Mastering in AutoCAD 2000 -George Omura
AutoCAD 2004 For Dummies -John Wiley & Sons
AutoCAD 2000 (1,2) - KTS.LU Triu Nguyn.
AutoCAD 2004 (1,2) c bn v nng cao - TS.Nguyn Hu Lc.
Cc tin ch thit k trn AutoCAD - TS.Nguyn Hu Lc.
- Nguyn Thanh Tru
AutoCAD 2004 (1,2) c bn v nng cao - TS.Nguyn Hu Lc.
AutoCAD 2004 ActiveX and VBA KS.Hong Thnh An.

S tit ging : 45 Tit

AutoCAD nng cao : 45 tit
L thuyt : 30 tit
Thc hnh : 5 bui (5x3=15 tit)

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 PHN I : AUTOCAD NNG CAO (24 ti t)

C h n g 1 : T H I T LP M I TR N G BN v (9 ti t)

I.Quy nh v bn v.
1.Cc thng tin c c t bn v
2.Cc khng gian trong CAD
3. nghTa ca vic thit lp mi trng bn v
4.Mt s quy nh chung
4.1.Khung v t l bn v
4.2.Quy nh v ng nt v c ch
II.Thit lp mi trng v .
1.Text style.
2.Layer.
3.Dimesion Style.
4.Hatch.
5.Lnh LineType.
6.Block v Thuc tnh ca Block.
6.1.Block
6.2.Thuc tnh ca Block
6.3.Qun l cc block.
7.Ghi cc thit lp mi trng bn v thnh Template.
8.Cc ty chn trong menu Option
III.Gii thiu Express Tools.

C h n g 2 : LAYOUT V IN N (6 ti t)

I.Lm vic vi Layout

1.Paper Space
2.Cc thao tc trn Viewport ca Paper Space
2.1.To cc Viewport
2.2.ct xn ng bao Viewport
2.3.T l trong tng Viewport
2.4.Layer trong tng Viewport
2.5.11 hin viewport
2.6.n hin ng bao viewport
2.7.Scale LineType
2.8.Cc hiu chnh khc i vi Viewport
3.cc ch khi in nhiu t l trong mt bn v
II.iu khin in n.
l.Khai bo thit b in.
2.1n ra file *.PLT

C h n g 3 : LM VIC V I D LIU (6 tit)

I.Tham kho ngoi

1.Gii thiu v tham kho ngoi.
2.Chn mt xref vo bn v

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 3.M mt xref t bn v chinh
4. Hiu chinh xref t bn v chinh.
4.1.Lnh Refedit (Reference Edit).
4.2.Thm, b bt cc i tng khi working set (Lnh refset).
4.3.Lnh refclose
4.4.M s bin h thng lin quan n xref.
5.iu khin s hin th ca mt xref.
5.1.Xref v cc thnh phn hin ph thuc.
5.2.Xref v lp.
5.3.Lnh Xbin.
5.4.Tham chiu vng.
5.5.Xn cc xref.
5.6.Tng tc hin thi ca cc xref ln.
6.Qun l xref
6.1.ng dn ca cc xref.
6.2.Xref notification
6.3.AutoCAD DesignCenter.
6.4.File bin bn (log) ca xref.
II.Lm vic vi d liu ngoi (Working with External Database)
1.s lc v d iiu ngoi trong AutoCAD.
2.Cc chun b cho vic kt ni c s d liu.
3.nh cu hnh d liu cho ODBC.
4.nh cu hnh d liu trong AutoCAD.
5.Chnh sa d liu trong AutoCAD
6.To cc mu kt ni.
7.To, hiu chnh v xa cc kt ni.
8.Quan st cc kt ni.
9.To mu nhn.
10.To nhn.
11.s dng query truy tm d liu
11.1.s dng Quick Query
11.2.s dng Range Query
11.3.s dng Range Query
11.4.s dng Link Select
III.Lm vic vi Raster Image
1.Tng quan
2.Chn nh (inserting images
3.Qun l hnh nh (Managing images)
4 .c t xn nh (Clipping images)
5.iu khin s hin th (Controlling image display)
5.1.u khin hin th
5.2.Cht lng nh (Image quality)
5.3.Image transparency
5.4.Bt tt ng bao ca nh (Image frame)
IV-Pasting, Linking, and Embedding Objects
1.Embedding objects into AutoCAD
2.Linking data
3.Pasting data into AutoCAD

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 C h n g 4 : TY BIN TRO N G AUTOCAD (9 ti t)
I.Cc i tng shape. (1 tit)
1.Khi nim v Shape.
2.Cch m t shape trong file .SHP.
2.1.Vector Length and Direction Code (m vector).
2.2.Special Codes (m c bit)
II.To font ch
1.To font ch SHX.
2.To big font.
3.To big font t file m rng.
III.To cc dng ng (file linetype)
1.Khi nim v phn loi dng ng.
2.To cc dng ng n gian.
2.1.Dng creat trong lnh -linetype.
2.2.To linetype bng cch son tho trc tip trong .LIN
IV.Dng ng phc cha i tng shape
l.D ng ng phc c cha i tng ch.
V.To cc mu m t ct.
1.File mu m t ct.
2.To mu mt ct n gin.
3.To cc mu m t ct phc tp.
VLMenu.
1.Menu v file menu.
1.1.Cc loi menu
1.2.Cc loi file menu
1.3.Ti, g b mt menu
2.Ty bin mt menu
2.1.Cu trc mt file menu
2.2.Menu Macro
2.3.Pull-down Menu
2.3.1.Section ca Pull-down menu
2.3.2.Tiu ca pull-down menu
___ . . rS . a ' ,, .
2.3.3.Tham chiu n pulldown menu
2.3.4.Chn v loi b Pull-down menu trn menubar
2.4.Shortcut menu.
2.5.Buttons menu v auxiliary menu.
2.5.1.Section ca Buttons menu v auxiliary menu
2.5.2.To cc AUX menu.
2.5.3.Menu swaping.
2.6.Tmage Tile menus
2.6.1.Section ca Image menu
2.6.2.M t mc chn ca menu hnh nh
2.6.3.Gi hin thi cc menu linh nh
2.6.4.Slide v th vin slide.
2.7.Menu mn hnh.
2.7.1.Section ca menu hnh nh.
2.8.Chui ch thch thanh trng thi.

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 2.8.1.Section ca on m t chui ch thch.
2.8.2.M t chui ch thch.
2.9.To cc phm tt.
2.9.1.Section ca on m t cc phm tt
2.9.2.To phm tt
VII.TooIbar
1.cch to toolbars bng cch dng lnh Toolbar
1.1.To Toolbar
1.2.To nt lnh mi
1.3.sa nt lnh
1.4.To mt Flyout
2.Cch to toolbars bng cch son tho trong file *.mnu
2.1.Dng m t tng qut thanh cng c
2.2.Dng m t loi nt lnh Button
2.3.Dng m t loi nt lnh Flyout.
2.4.Dong m t nt lnh Control.

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 PHN I : AUTOCAD NNG CAO (24 ti t)

MC CH V NI DUNG CA PHN AUTOCAD NNG CAO.

Sinh vin lm quen vi AutoCAD qua mn hc hnh ha, cc n mn hc.
Nhng phn ln s v mi ch lm quen vi AutoCAD v bit c mt s lnh c bn.
Phn AutoCAD nng cao s to cho sinh vin bit cch b cc, trnh by bn v mt cch
chuyn nghip, bit cch lm ch mi trng v ca mnh.

C h n g 1 : T H I T LP M I TR N G BAN v (9 ti t)
I. Quy nh v bn v .
1. Cc thng tin c c t bn v
a. Hnh dng
b. v t liu (b tng, g ,...)
c. Kch thc (thng qua Dim, thng qua t ] + kch thc trn bn v)
d. T l
e. ng nt (thy khut)
2. Cc khng gian trong CAD
CAD cung cp 2 khng gian Model Space v Paper Space.
Model Space
- L khng gian giy v
- Cc thao tc v thng c thc hin trn m hnh ny.
Paper Space
- Cng l mt khng gian v.
- Trong paper space (PS), bn c th chn title block, to cc layout viewport,
dimension v thm cc notes trc khi in bn v.
- Trong PS bn c th tham chiu n 1 hoc nhiu vng ca MS vi cc t l
khc nhau thng qua cc ca s (viewport), (c bit quan trng trong v phi
cnh kin trc)
3. ngha ca vic thit lp mi trng bn v
k. Gip ngi dng thc hin qu trnh v mt cch nhanh hn.
1. Bn v, quy cch v c thng nht thnh tiu chun v, mu ha trong nhiu
khu
m. Bn v c t chc th hin mt r rng, mch lc.
n. Thnh qu lao ng c ti s dng li mt cch chuyn nghip hn
4. M t s quy nh chung
4.1. Khung v t l bn v
C 2 cch v :
- V t do : ko nh gii hn bn v
- V theo khung : Bn v c gii hn theo kh giy (lnh Limits)
Cc loi khung : khung A1,A2,A3,A4
T l b n v l t l gia kch thc trn bn v khi in ra v kch thc thc. C
cc cch v th hin t l bn v nh sau :
- V theo t l 1:1, scale khung in (ch yu dng khi v trn Model Space)
- V theo t l bn v. Gi nguyn khung in (ch yu dng khi v trn layout)
- V theo t ] bt k, khng ch t l khung in/ t l bn v (t dng)

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 L n h MVSetup.

4.2. Quy nh v ng nt v c ch
Quy nh v ng nt khi in :
- Nt lin mnh (ng bao dm, ng bao ct, cc nt thng thng):
- Nt lin m (Cc nt thp, nt ct q u a ,...):
- Nt hach
- Nt ca ch (ch dng khi font s dng SH X ):
- Nt ca ng ghi ch v kch thc :
Quy nh v chiu cao ca c h : Bn v thng thng gm c haic ch, ty theo t
l m ta t chiu cao ch khc nhau. Tuy nhin khi in raphi m bo chiu co ch ghi
ch, chiu cao ch ca dim l 2,5mm. Chiu cao ch ca tiu l 5mm. (nu v d v
chiu cao ch v t l bn v)
Quy nh v khong cch cc Dim.
- Khong cch t chn dim n dim l 10mm
- Khong cch gia cc Dim song song nhau l 8mm
II. T hit lp mi trng v .
1. Text style.
Command : STyle

EEf]Text Style
Style Name
pply
Dim New.. Rename.. elele
Cancel

Font Help

SHX Fort: Big Font: Height:

AA romans, shx A vns.shx

0 U se Big Font

Effects Preview

Upside down W idth Factor:

0 Backwards Oblique Angle: AaBbCcD

Vertical AaBbCcD Preview

Style name : Tn style

New, rename, delete : To mi, thay i tn v xa mt kiu ch'(Text style)
Font
- Font name : Tn phng
- font style : Chn font ch m rng ca font shx khi chn Use Big font
- H eight: Chiu cao mc nh ca font. AutoCAD s u tin s dng chiu cao
ny trong ton b bn v. Nu chiu cao ny bng 0 th AutoCAD s ly chiu
cao nhp vo khi chn text
- Effects
- Upside down : Ln ngc ch theo trc nm ngang
- Backwards : Quay ngc ch [heo trc thng ng
- Vertical: Ch theo phng thng ng

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 - Width factor : Phng ch theo chiu ngang.
- Oblique Angle : Gc nghing ca ch.
Preview : xem trc cc nh dng chn.
2. Layer.
Command : Layer J
Bng Layer Properties Manager hin ln :

[ 0 Layer Properties Manager

3 AI 1Stat Name On Freeze Lock Color Linelype Lineweight Plot Style Plot Descriptor A
^ AH Used Layers CHU Q cyan CON o u s ------ Default %
>3 COT I
Q % cyan CONGOUS ------ Default i
DAM O n y w CON o u s ------ Default
DEF POINTS O i white CON_OUS ------ Default b
-'S DIM Q O % red CON o u s ------ Default Color 1 s
Dimension
O '0 red CON_OUS ------ Default I
S5* Grid line Q blue CON-OUS ------ Default C o lc %
HACHT , O g n CON o u s ------ Default C o c I
HATCH 5
Q 3 CON-OUS ------ Default I
KHUAT O 8 DASHED2 ------ Default Color 8 h
LINE O *0 y-w CON-OUS ------ Default CoiorJZ >
LUOI 9 O white CENTER2 ------ Default Color 7 i
NET 5 O cyan CON o u s ------ Default
NET-MO O 8 CON-OUS ------ Default Colof_8 b
NETTHAY white CON o u s ------ Default
_ ._ Q _
Object line Q m m ri white CON-OUS ------ Default
1 _| Rfthar o n in m ta CON m is __ Cnlnr fi a. Ml
Seaich fot layer \l >

Alt 30 layers displayed of 30 total layeis

Invert rater 0 Apply to layers toolbar I OK I I Caned I Apply I Help

Filter :
To mt filter (n vo nt new filter)
US Laver F itter Properties I ? I| X I

Filter name:
(wall] ___________ I Show exarrple
Filter definition:
Status Name On Freeze Lock Coloi Linelype Lreweighl Plot Style Plol Cure New VP
VaT 9
*

Filter pceview:

Status Name On Freeze Lock Color Linetype Lmeweight Plot Style Plol Curre New VP
S-EXST-WALL V Q 74 CON ous - Default &
S-WALL-3 o m 33 CON...OUS - Default Coor_33 s
S-WALL-FULL-1 Q Q ^ 044 CON-OUS Default Co)or_44 i
S-WALl-FULL-2 Q o *6 D33 CON ous - Default Color_33 i
'to S-WALL-JAMB o ) 0 20 CON ous - Default s %
S-WALL-PATT Q Q ^ 08 CON...OUS Default Color_8 <a
S-WALL-PRHT-1 o *6 20 CON ous - Default Colof_20 s a
S-WALL-PRHT-3 5 Q % 20 CON OUS - Default Color_20 s <s <a

OK I I Cancel I I Help

Filter name : Tn ca nhm ]c.

Filter definition
- Status : 2 ch : ang s ng (current in use) v Tt c layer (all layer)
- Name : Lc theo tn, s dng du * thay th cho mt nhm k t, du ?
thay th cho mt k t.

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 - On, freeze, lock, color, iineweight, Plot Ste, P o t: Lc theo cc thuc tnh ca
layer.
Filter preview : Xem trc cc i layer lc.
Nu dng lnh nhiu hn mt dng c coi l iu kin hoc.

[ 0 L a y c r F ilte r Properties 1? i x |

Filter name:
! Filter! Show example
Filter definition:
Status Name On Freeze Lock Cold Linetype Lineweight Plot Style Flot
ydlow
1 blue
*

< iS I
Filter pieview:

Status Name On Freeze Lock Color Linetype Lineweioht Plot Style Rot
BAO Q yellow CON-..OUS ------Default c : 2
Grid lin o blue CON o u s ----- Default Cd 5
UNE Q to yellow CON...OUS------ Default Color J te

1 OK II Cancel 1 [ Help 1

Group L ayer:
To tng nhm lc. Layer trong nhm mi to khng bao gm cc layer trong bn
v. Ta c th nhp cc layer trong bn. Trong mi nhm ny ta c th to tng b lc
layer khc nhau.
Khi ta rhpn mt blork hay rhpn mr xrpf vn th AutoCAD s r ng rhpn flipm
group layer.
Layer States Manager
Ta c th xut cc nh dng layer ra file cha layer *.LAS

U Layer States Manager ? X

Layer states

Name Space D esciption New...

Vi Du Model R estore du o c lay trong fe...
D elete

Import..

I Export..

Layer settings to restore

0 On /O ff 0 Color S elect All

0 Frozen / Thaw ed 0 Linetype

Clear All
0 Locked / U nlocked 0 Lineweight

0 Plot /H o Plot 0 Plot style

1 I Current VP Frozen / T haw ed 1 I New VP Frozen / Thaw ed

n T urn off layers not found in layer state

Restore Close Help

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 Khi cc thuc tnh ca layer b thay i, ta c th khi phc li n bng cch
import li cc thuc tnh c lu li trong file *.LAS. Ch cc layer b xa i th
s khng khi phc li c.
Cc thuc tnh c khi phc li c quy nh trong Layer setting to restore.
(Frezen : qu kh ca freeze - ng bng, Thaw : s tan bng )
Turn off layers not found in layer state : Tt tt c cc layer khng tm thy trong file
*.LAS khi khi phc li thuc tnh.

3. Dimesion Style.
Command : DIMSTYLE J

im ension Style Manager I ? il X I

Current Dimstyle: 1-100

S et Current

N ew ...

Modify...

Override...

Compare...

in Xref:

Close I Help I

Set current: Chuyn dimstyle c chn sang ch o hin hnh.

New : To mi Dimstyle.
Modify : Chnh sa Dimstyle.
Override : Dng khi mun gn chng tm thi cc bin kch thc trong kiu kch
thc c chn.
Compare : So snh cc thng s trong 2 loi Dimstyle khc nhau trong bn v.

Hp thoi tao new :____________________

ffal Create New Dimension style f? j X

N ew Style N am e: 1-100
S tart W ith: S ta n d a rd

U se for: All dim ensions IS.

C ontinue

Hp thoi Use for : Loi kch c p dng trong khi o

- All dimension : Tt c cc oi kch thc.
- Linear : Kch thc thng.

10
 Angular : o gc
Radius : o bn knh
Diameter : o ng knh.
Ordinate : Ta im
Leader and tolerance : Ch thch vi ng dn v dung sai.

SU Modify Dimension style: 1 -100

Lines and Arrows Text Fit Primacy Units Alternate unils Tolerances
Dimension Lines

Color: Red

Lineweight: ByBlock

Extend beyond ticks:

Baseline spacing:

Suppress: n Dim Line 1 n Dim Line 2

Extension Lines Arrowheads

1 st \ z Architectural tick V
Color Q R ed V

2nd: [/? Architectural tick V

Lineweight: ByBlock V

Leader: Architectural tick V

Extend beyond dim lines:
Arrow size: 1.5
-
Offset from origin:
Center Marks for Circles
Suppress: CD Ext Line 1 Q Ext Line 2 Type: Mark f Size: 0.09

OK ~ I Cancel I I Help

Fram e Dimension Line : (ng kch thc)

- Extend beyond ticks : Khong cch ng kch thc nh ra khi ng ging
khi ta chn arrowheads l gch cho.
- Baseline spacing : Khong cch gia ng kch thc trong chui kch thc
song song.
- Suppress : B qua ng kch thc th nht, th hai, v c th nht ln th
hai.
M t trong hnh v di y :

Frame Dimension Line:

- Extend beyond dim lines : khong ng ging nh ra khi ng kch [hc.
- Offset from origin : Khong cch t qc nq qinq n u nq qinq.
- Suppress :B qua ng ging thnht, th hai, c hai ng ging.
- M t trong hnh v di y.

- Arrowheads : (Mi tn)

- 1st: Dng mi tn cho u kch thc th nht.
- 2nd : Dng mi tn cho u kch thc th hai.
- Leader : Dng mi tn cho u ng ch thch.
- Arrow size : n u mi tn. Chn User arrow, khi hp thoi hin ra, ta
nhp tn block dng lm mi tn vo hp thoi.
- Center Marks for Circles : (Du tm v ng tm)

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 Type : Dng du tm (mark), ng tm (line) hay khng hin g (none).
Size : kch thc du tm.

ff| Modify Dimension Style: 1-100 ? IX I

Lines and Arrows Text Fit Primary Units Alternate Units Tolerances
T ext Appearance

T ext style: Dim IB

T ext coloc: Cyan

Fill color: None

T ext height: 2.5

Fraction height scale:

Draw frame around text T ext Alignment

T ext Placement
o Horizontal
Vertical: Above V

A ligned with dimension line

Horizontal: Centered
VJ

1.5
o ISO Standard
Offset from dim line:

OK ~~| Cancel I I Help

Text Appearance:
- Text ste : Chn tn kiu ch hin ln trong kch thc. Ta c th lm hin
bng text style trong [...] bn cnh text style.
- Text color : Mu ch
- Fill color : mu nn ca ch.
- Text height: Chiu cao ca ch.
- Fraction height scale : Cn t l gia chiu cao ch s dung sai v ch s kch
thc.
- Draw frame around te x t: v khung ch nht bao quanh ch s kch thc.
Text Placement:
- Vertical: iu chnh v tr ch theo phng thng ng.
Center : Ch s nm gia ng kch thc.
Above : Ch s nm trn ng kch thc.
Outside : v tr nm ngoi ng kch thc v xa im gc o nht.
JIS (Japanese industrial Standards): v tr ch ca ng kch thc theo tiu
chun Nht.
- Horizontal: v tr ca ch so vi phng nm ngang.
Centered : nm gia hai ng ging.
1 St Extension Line : Ch s nm v pha ng ging th nht. Khong
cch t ch n ng ging bng tng chiu di mi tn v bin Offset from
dim line
- Offset from dim line : khong cch t ch n ng kch thc. TC khong 1-2
mm.Nu ch nm gia ng kch thc th y l khong cch gia ch v 2
nhnh ca ng kch thc.Nu bin ny m th AutoCAD s t ng chuyn
s ny thnh dng.
Text Alignm ent: iu chnh hng ca ch.
- Horizontal: ch lun lun nm ngang.

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 - Aligned with dimension line : chc ging song song vi ng kch thc.
- ISO Standard : ch s song song vi dng kch thc khi n nm trong hai
ng ging, v s nm ngang trong trng hp nm ngc li.

[ M odify Dimension Style: 1-100

Lines and Arrows Text Fit Primary Unis Alternate Units Tolerances
Fit Options

If there isnt enough room to place both text

and arrows inside extension lines, the first
thing to move outside the extension lines is:

O Either the text or the arrows,

whichever fits best
O Arrows
O T ext

O Both text dr id d iiu m

Always keep text betw een ext lines

S sale for Dimension Features
I~1 Suppress arrows if they don't fit inside
U se overall scale of:
the extension lines
O Scale dimensions to layout (paperspace)
Text Placement
W hen text is not in the default position, place it Fhe T uning
O Beside the dimension line
Place text manually when dimensioning
O Over the dimension line, with a leader
0 Always draw dim line betw een ext lines
Over the dimension line, without a leader

OK Cancel Help

Fit Options : th ny s kim tra xem, nu ch trng th s t text v ng

kch thc theo ng v tr quy nh mc trc. Cn nu khng ch trng ghi
text th text v ng kch thc s c ghi theo cc quy nh sau :
- Either the text or (he arrows whichever fits b e st:
Khi ch trng th text v mi tn th c hai s nm gia hai ng ging.
Khi ch ch cho text th mi tn s c v ra ngoi.
Khi ch ch cho mi tn th text s c v ra ngoi.
- Arrows :
Khi ch cho ch v mi tn th c hai s nm gia hai ng ging.
Khi ch ch cho mi tn th mi tn s c v trong 2 ng ging
cn ch th c v ra ngoi.
Khi khng ch cho mi tn th c text v mi tn s c v ra ngoi.
- Text:
Khi ch cho ch v mi tn th c hai s nm gia hai ng ging.
Khi ch ch cho Text th Text s c v trong 2 ng ging cn mi
tn th c v ra ngoi.
Khi khng ch cho Text th c text v mi tn s c v ra ngoi.
- Both text and arrouws : Khi khng choc ho ch s hoc mi tn th c hai s
c v ro ngoi.
- Always keep text between ext lines : ch s v kch thc lun lun nm gia hai
ng ging.
- Suppress arrows if they dont fit inside the extension lines : s khng xut hin
mi tn nu gia hai ng ging khng ch trng v.
Text Placem ent: quy nh v tr ca ch s kch thc khi di chuyn chng ra khi
v tr mc nh

13
 - Beside the dimension line : sp xp bn cnh ng ging.
- Over the dimension line, with a leader : sp xp ra ngoi ng kch thc km
theo mt ng dn.
- Over the dimension line, Without a leader : sp xp ra ngoi ng kch [hc
m km theo bt k mt ng dn no.
Scale for Dimension Features :
- Use overall scale o f : Phng ton b cc bin kch thc theo t ny. Ring gi
tr ch s o c khng b thay i.
- Scale dimensions to layout (paper space) : Dng trong paper space. Nghin cu
sau.
Fine Tuning : gn m t s la chn b xung.
- Place text manually when dimensioning : t v tr text bng cch t chn v tr
sau mi n o.
- Always draw dim line between ext lines : Lun lun v ng kch thc nm
gia hai ng ging.

^ M o d if y Dimension Style: 1 -100

Lines and Arrows Text Fit Primary Units Alternate Units Tolerances
Linear Dimensions

Unit format: Decimal

Precision

Fraction format

Decimal separator: "(Period) V

Round off:

Prefix:
Angular Dimensions
Suffix:

Measurement Scale Units format: DecimalDegrees

Scale factor: 100
Precision: 0
Apply to layout dimensions only
Zero Suppression Zero Suppression
Leading Leading
Trailing O T railing

OK Cancel Help

inear Dimensions : gn dng v n v cho kch thc di

- Unit form at: Gn dng n v cho tt c cc loi kch thc,
ngoi tr kch thc gc. Theo TCVN ta chn Decimal.
- Precision : Quy nh s cc s thp phn s xut hin trong
gi tr o c.
- Fraction format : Gn dng cho phn s, cc la chn bao Architectural
Fiactional
gm : Digonal, Horizontal v not stacked. Windows Desktop
- Dicimal separator : Quy nh v du ngn cch gia phn
thp phn v phn nguyn. V (Period)
- Round o f f : Quy nh v cch m trn. VD nhp vo 0.15 th tt BE 'm
V (Comma)
c cc s o s lm trn n 0.15
"(Space)
- Prefix/ Suffix : Tin t v hu t ca text o c.
M easurem ent Scale :

14
 - Scale factor : chiu di o c s c nhn vi bin ny ra chiu di hin
th trong dim.
- Apply to ayout dimensions only : Dng trong paper space, cha nhgin cu y
Zro suppression :
- Leading : B nhng s 0 ng trc khng c ngha VD 0.25 - .25
- Trailing : B qua nhng s 0 khng c ngha trong phn thp phn VD 2.50 -
2.5
Angular Dimensions :
- Unit format : Gn dng n v cho kch thc gc. Theo TCVN ta chn Degreesl.
- Prcision : Quy nh s cc s thp phn s xut hin trong gi tr o c.
Zro suppression :
- Leading : B nhng s 0 ng trc khng c ngha VD 0.25 - .25
- Trailing : B qua nhng s 0 khng c ngha trong phn thp phn VD 2.50 -
2.5

H M odify Dimension Style: B1 -2.5

Lines and Arrows Text Fit Primary Units Alternate Units Tolerances

0 Display alternate units

Alternate Units

Unit format: Decimal -

Precision 0 V

Multiplier for alt units: 25.40

Round distances to: 0.025

DR Placement
Prefix:
o After primary value
Suffix:
Below primary value
Zero Suppression

0 Leading ! 0 Feet

0 T railing J0 Inches

OK Cancel Help

Alternate units : gn cc n v lin kt. Gn dng v chnh xc n v chiu di,

gc, kch thc v t l ca n v o lin kt (gia inch v millimeter)

Display alternate units : Hin th kch thc lin kt( l dng kch thc nh km
vi kch thc lin kt chnh, v d nh kch thc lin kt chnh l minimeter, cn kch
thc lin kt l inch. Kch thc lin kt ph l kch thc i km gii thch cho kch
thc chnh)
Alternate units
- Unit form at: Gn n v lin kt.
- Precision :Gn s cc s thp phn c ngha da trn dng n v di v gc m
bn chn.
- Multiplier for alt units : Chnh s t gia n v kch thc chnh v n v
kch thc lin kt.
- Round distance to : Quy nh quy tc lm [rn s cho kch thc lin kt

15
 - Prefix : Tin t cho kch thc lin kt.
- Suffix : Hu t cho kch thc lin kt.
Zro suppression :
- Leading :B nhng s 0 ng trc khng c ngha VD 0.25 - .25
- Trailing :B qua nhng s 0 khng c ngha trong phn thp phn VD 2.50 -
2.5
Placement : nh v v tr t kch thc lin kt
- After primary value : t v tr kch [hc lin kt sau v tr kch thc lin kt
chnh.
- Beiow primary value : t kch thc lin kt di v tr kch thc lin kt
chnh.

[[Modify Dimension style: 1-100 I? X

Lines and Arrows Text Fit Primary Units Alternate Units Tolerances
T olerance Format

Method: None

Precision

Upper value:

Lower value:

Scaling for height: Alternate Unit Tolerance

Vertical position: Middle Precision:

Zero Suppression Zero Suppression

r~| Leading ] 0 Feel 0 Leading ] 0 Feet

n T railing ] 0 Inches Trailing ] 0 Inches

OK ~] I Cancel I I Help

Tolerance : iu khin s hin th v hnh dng ca cc ch s dung sai.

Tolerance Fomat
- Methode : Gn phng php tnh dung sai kch thc.
Deviation
- None : khng thm vo sau kch thc sai ch gi hn gi None
tr dung sai. Symmetrical
Deviation
- Symmetrical : Du xut hin trc cc gi tr dung sai. Limits
Khi sai lch gii bn trn v sai lch gii hn di s c Basic
gi tr tuyt i bng nhau. Ta ch cn nhp gi tr vo
upper value.
- Deviation : Sai lch gii hn m v dng khc nhau, khi ta in sai lch
gii hn m vo Lower value v sai lch gii hn dng vo Upper value.
- Limits : To nn cc kch thc gii hn. Kch thc gii hn trn bng kch
thc danh ngha cng vi gi tr soi lch gii hn trn (Uppervalue), kch
thc gii hn di bng kch thc danh ngha tr i gii hn di (Lower
value).

16
 - Basic : To mt khung ch nht bao quanh ch s kch thc. Khong cch t
ch s kch thc n khung ch nht bng khong cch t ch s kch thc
n ng kch thc khi khng chn mc ny.

Liri its

1-
> 0 0 + 0 ,0 3
Xl / 4
Precision : Hin th v gn s cc s thp phn c ngha.
- Upper value : Hin th v gn sai lch gii hn trn.
- Lower value : Hin th v gn sai lch gii hn di.
Scaling for height : T s gia chiu cao ch s kch thc v ch s dung sai kch
thc.
Vertical position : Quy nh im canh l ca cc gi tr dung sai Top
dng symmetrical. Bao gm 3 kiu (Bottom, middle, top). Bottom
Middle

3 0 0 0 -3 5000- 200 '

,1

Alternate Unit Tolerance: quy nh cch thc gn chnh xc cho kch thc lin
kt.
- Prcision : Hin th v gn chnh xc cho dung sai kch thc lin kt.
Zro suppression :
- Leading : B nhng s 0 ng trc khng c ngha VD 0.25 - .25
- Traiing : B qua nhng s 0 khng c ngha trong phn thp phn VD 2.50 ->
2.5
4. Hatch.
Command : BHATCH J

N B o u n d a ry H a tc h a n d F ill

[4 | Pick Points
Type: Predefined

Pattern: ANSI31 Select Objects

m
Swatch: Xl Remove Islands

Custom pattern:
Q J y ie w Selections
Anyjc. 0
|^ | Inherit Properties

Draw Order
J Relative to paper space
Send behind boundary

Composition
Associative
O Nonassociative

Preview OK Cancel Help

17
 Th Hatch
Type : C 3 mu mt ct :
- Predefinied : Cho php ta chn mu mt ct trong file
ACAD.PAT. C 3 loi mt ct ANSI (American Tpe:
National Standards Institute), ISO (International
User defined
Standards Organisation) v Other Predefined Custom
- Custom : Chn mu mt ct c to t cc file .PAT
- User Defined : Dng chn mu cc on thng song song. Khi ta nhp vo
khong cch gia cc ng (spacing) v gc nghing (angle) ca hatch.
Swatch (mu mt ct) : Hin h mu m t ct chn. Nu chn mu mt ct l
Solid th swatch hin th thuc tnh mu ca hatch.

I0 H atch P a tte rn P ale tte

ANSI ISO Other Predelned Custom

V.
ANSI32 ANSI33 ANSI34

p .
ANSI3S

Custom pattern : Chn cc mu la chn cha trong file .PAT

Pattern : Chn cc mu c sn trong file ACAD.PAT
Angle : Gc nghing ca hatch
Scale : T ] phng
Iso pen with : Nu chn mu theo ISO th cho php chn chiu rng ca bt khi xut
bn v ra giy
Double : Ch c tc dng khi ta chn User - Defined Pattern. Double Hatch cho php
ta to thm cc ng m t ct vung gc. Hnh thnh li vung lin tip nhau.
Pick points, Select objects : Chn mt vng khp kn.
Remove Island : B i mt vng nh trong vng chn
Inherit Properties : Ly mu m t ct t mt hatch t trn bn v
Associative : Nu chn mc ny th hacth s t ng bm dnh ly cc ng bin.
C th l khi ta di chuyn ng bin hay m t object bn trong hatch, Hatch s t ng
thay i bm ly cc object v boundary.

18
 ffal Boundary Hatch and Fill

Hatch Advanced Gradient

Island detection slyle

| Pi ck Points

Select Objects
w/Z y

Normal o Quter o lanoie

X Bem ove Islands

Object type View Selections

Retain boundaries
1^1 Inherit Properlies

Boundary sei )raw Order

Current viewport V 4 New Send behind boundary V

Composition
Island detection method
Associative
Flood
o iionassociative
o Ray casting

Ga loteiance

units

Pfeviev OK Cancel Help

Th Advanced
Island detection style : Chn kiu v m t ct nh m t trong hnh km theo :
Object type (mu m t c t ) : Nu chn Retain boundaries th ng bin sau khi
hatch s tr thnh dng polyline hoc Region..
Buondary s e t : Chn khi xc nh ng bin bng pick point.
C urrent v iew port: Ch gii hn trong ca s nhn Boundary set
hin hnh.
Chn new chn mt gii hn cho lnh pick
Existing set V
1* New
1Current viewport
point. Khi buondary set s thnh Existing set Existing set
- Island detection method : m t cch xc nh
cc island.
- Food : Cc island c xem cc i tng bin.
- Ray casting : D tm ng bin theo im ta ch nh theo hng ngc chiu
kim ng h.

19
 HU Boundary Hatch and F ill

H atch A dvanced Gradient

[~4$| Pick Points

Q ne color
_ Select Objects
o Two colof < >
S hade Tint X fiem ove Islands

JM Q, View Selections

nr
0 Inherit Properties

raw Order

Send behind boundary

0 Centered
Composition
) Associative
Angle: o Nonassociative

f Preview OK ~) I Cancel I I Help

- One color : Phi gia mu c chn v mu trng.

- Tint : Mu nh.
- Shade : Mu m.
- Two color : Phi gia hai mu c chn.
- Center : ng tm.
- Angle : gc quay ca mu.

5. Lnh LineType.
Command : Linetype J

BUL in e ty p e M anager
Linetype filters
Load .. ~| I Delete
Show all used linetypes ~~ Invert fitter
urrent ~ | Hide Retails
Cuiient Linetype: HIDDEN

Linetype Appeaiance Des^iiplion

ByLayer
RyRlnrk
CENTER Cente-____
CONTINUOUS Contiruous
DASHDOT
HIDDEN Hidden

Detas

Jame: global scale factor: 0.5

Dgscripti Current object scale:

0 y se paper space units for scaling ISO pen width

OK Cancel ] I Help

20
 Hp thoi Lineiype Manager.
- Goba scale factor (lnh Itscae) : quy nh t l phng to hay thu nh ng
thng ( Dng khi ng thng khng phi nt lin)
- Current object scale (lnh celtscale) Quy nh t dng ng cho i tng
sp v. V d : Khi bin Itscale bng 2, bin cetscale bng 0.5 khi i tng
sp v s c t dng ng l 1.
- Linetype filters : Lc cc ng hin th trn linetype manager. Nt invert filter l
ph nh ca hp filter .
6. Block v Thuc tnh ca Block.
6.1. Block
Command : block.

BU Block D e fin itio n

Name: Sample

B ase point Objects

I J [ | Pick point j ? . S elect objects

131349.234345924 o etain
C o n v e r t to block
6358.217205916008
o D elete
0.00
3 objects selected

Preview icon
o Do not include a n icon

C ieate icon trom block geometry

Drag-and-drop units:
I Unitless

Description:
i du v e blockl

Hyperlink.-

OK C ancel I I Help

Name : Ti a 255 k t.
Object.
- Retain : G i li cc i tng chn nh l cc i tng ring bit
- Convert to block : Chuyn (t c cc i tng thnh group un.
- Delete : Xa tt c cc i tng chn sau khi to block.
Preview icon : cho php xem trc block nh mt Icon.
Drag - and - drop units : Ch nh n v ca block trong trng hp c s thay i
t l khi ko t AutoCAD DesignCenter vo bn v.
Description :
Hyperlink :
6.2. Thuc tnh ca Block
nh ngha thuc tnh
Thuc tnh l thnh phn ca mt block c th l dng ch nh km theo khi
(block). N nh cc tnh cht ca thuc tnh v cc dng nhc hin th khi chn block vi
thuc tnh.

21
 To thuc tnh cho khi.
Lnh Attdef (Define attributes): cho php nh ngha cc thuc tnh ca block. Thi
thc hin lnh Attdef hp thoi sau s bin ln :

ffal Attribute Definition f?~ |fx~

Mode Attribute

I I invisible Tag: Hang

d l Constant Nhp vo tn Hng sx

Prompt:
I I Verify
Vajue: ViNaComex
| I Preset

Insertion Point Text ptions

1*1 Specify On-screen Justification: Center

T ext Style: stylel

Height <

Rotation <

I previous attribute defin

OK Cancel Help

Cc la chn ca hp thoi Attribute Definition nh sau :

Mode :
Attribute modes : Phng thc thuc tnh. Gm 4 la chn xc nh c xut hin v
gi tr thuc tnh : Invisible. Constant, Verify v present.
- Invisible : sau ki chn block vi thuc tnh th thuc tnh s khng hin ln trn
mn hnh. La chn ny s gip cho vic ti to bn v c nhanh hn. Cc c
th iu khin li s hin th ca cc thuc tnh bng vic thay i li la chn
trong lnh Attdisp.
- Constant: cc gi tri thuc tnh s khng thay i. Khi son tho Prompt trn
vng attribute s c che i.
- Verify : khi chn block cng cc thuc tnh th dng nhc thm tra li s chnh
xc ca cc thuc tnh va nhp s c hin ln.
- Preset: AutoCAD khng cho php nhp gi tr thuc tnh khi s dng lnh insert
rhpn, tuy nhin thnr tnh ny r th thay i hng lnh Attprir.

Attribute : g d liu cho cc thuc tnh (attribute data). Bn c th nhp ti a

256k t, Du gch ch (\) s thay cho k t trng. Nu bn mun nhp k t \ th phi,
nhp hai k t gch cho cnh nhau.
- Tag : Xc nh tn ca tag. C th cha k t bt k ngoi tr du cch v du
chm than. AutoCAD s t ng thay th ch thng thnh ch hoa.
- Prom pt: nh dng nhc thuc tnh, s c hin th khi bn mun chn block
cha thuc tnh. Nu bn chn constant th vng mode ny s khng hin ln.
- Value : nh ngha gi tr mc nh ca thuc tnh.

22
 Insertion p o in t: nh v tr cho thuc tnh. Nhp gi tr ta hoc chn pick point
nh v tr im trc tip chn trn bn v.

Text options : gn cc nh dng k t cho ch (attribute text).

- Justification : nh im canh l cho dng ch thuc tnh (Nh lnh DText)
- Text Style : nh kiu ch cho dng ch thuc tnh.
- Height : nh chiu cao ca dng ch thuc tnh. Nhp gi tr vo nyhoc
chn height< nhp chiu cao bng cch nhp hai im trn bn v. Nu bn
nhp chiu cao ca Text style trong lnh Style th height s b m i.
- Rotation : Ch nh gc nghing cho dng ch thuc tnh. Nhp gc quay vo
rotaion. Nu bn chn Align hoc fit trn danh sch justufication th la chn ny
s c che m i.
- Align below previous attribute definition : sp xp cc attribute tag ngay bn di
thuc tnh nh ngha trc ( cho trng hp block c nhiu thuc tnh).
Nu trc bn cha to bt k mt thuc tnh no th la chn ny s m i.

H iu chnh cc nh ngha thuc tnh.

Lnh Ddedit (vit tt ED). Bng Edit A ttribute Definition hin ra nh sau :

ffal Edit Attribute Definition f?~||x

Tag:

Prompt Nhp vo tn Hng sx

Default: ViNaCotnex

Cancel Help

Bn c th chnh li cc thng s ca thuc tnh ri n nt OK.

Ngoi ra ta c th s dng lnh change thay i cc nh ngha thuc tnh hin c.

Gn thuc tnh cho block.

gn thuc tnh cho block ta gn thuc tnh cho block khi nh ngha block ngha l
khi to block ta chn thm nh ngha.
Trnh t chn cc thuc tnh quy nh trnh t hin th cc dng nhc khi bn chn
block vi thuc tnh bng lnh insert.
Chn block vi thuc tnh vo trong bn v.
Chn block c thuc tnh bng lnh insert cng nh chn block bnh thng. Tuy
nhin nu bin ATTDIA = 1 th xut hin hp thoi Enter Attributes, trn hp thoi ny ta
nhp cc gi tr thuc tnh. Ph thuc vo s lng cc thuc tnh m ta gn cho block m
ta c s lng cc TextBox nhiu hay t. Ngc li nu ATTDA = 0 th hp thoi ny s
khng c hin ln. ta nhp cc thuc tnh ca block di dng lnh.

23
 M Edit Attributes ? [x
Blockname: 123

Nhp vo tn Vt Liu

Nhp vo tn Hng sx ViNaComex

Nhp vo Khi Lildng (m3) 14

OK Cancel Previous Next Help

Xin a n g
V iJ aC om e x
14
iu khin s hin th ca cc thuc tnh.
Lnh Attdisp iu khin s hin th ca cc thuc tnh block ti bn v hin hnh.
Bin ny l ON th s hin th cc thuc tnh ca block. Bin ny l OFF th cc thuc tnh
ny s khng c hin th ln. Vic tt s hin th cc thuc tnh ca block khi khng
cn hit s lm cho bn v c ti tao nhanh hn.
Command: attdisp
Enter attribute V is ib ility setting [Normai/ON/OFF1 <Normal>: of
Regenerating model.
c p nht thay i.
Lnh Attsync cho php cp nht nhng g thay i ca block ch nh vi cc
thuc tnh hin hnh xc nh cho block.
V d khi thay i cc thuc tnh, sau ta nh ngha li block. Dng lnh AttSync
update li cc thuc tnh ca block.

Command: attsync
Enter an option [?/Name/SeIect] <Seect>: ?

24
 Attributed blocks: 123
Enter an option [?/Name/Seiect] <Select>: N
Enter name of block to sync or [?]: 123

Chn block cn cp nht chn select.

Nhp ? lit k danh sch block c.
Ch nh tn ca block cn cp nht chn Name.

H iu chnh thuc tnh ca block.

Hiu chnh thuc tnh bng nhAttedit
Lnh Attedit cho php bn hiu chnh cc thuc tnh ca block chn vo trong bn
v. Khi nh lnh ny hp thoi Edit Attribute s hin ln. Tuy nhin lnh ny ch cho
php hiu chnh block vi thuc tnh mt cch ring l.

BU Edit Attributes f~?~|fx]

Block name: 123

Nhp vo tn Vt Liu

Nhp vo tn Hng sx ViNaComex

Nhp vo Khi Lng (m3) 14

OK Cancel Previous Next Help

Lnh -Attedit

Edit attributes one at a time? [Yes/No] <Y>: N sa nhiu thuc tnh mt lc

Performing global editing of attribute values.
Edit only attributes visible on screen? TYes/Nol <Y>:
Enter block name specification <*>: Chn tt c cc block
Enter attribute tag specification <*>:
Enter attribute value specification <*>:
chn Ximang ca block th
Select Attributes: 1 found
nht.
Select Attributes: 1 found chn Thep ca block th hai.
Chn Ximang ca block th
Select Attributes: 1 found
ba
Select Attributes: J
3 attributes selected.
Enter string to change: Ximang Thay nhng chui l Ximang

25
 Enter new String: Cat thnh chui Cat

Trc khi hiu chnh

' .
< A
1
^A * .* *

4* * 4 .i.1< A ' \
A
<

Xin ang Thep Xin ang

V aC om ex V tU c V aC om ex
21 25 12

Sau khi hiu chnh

4 1

4' V A - ,

i
c at Thep cat
V aC om ex V tU c V aC om ex
21 25 12
Hiu chnh thuc tnh bng nh Eattedit.
Lnh Eattedit (hoc nhy kp chut) hp thoi Enhanced Attribute Editor c
hin th :

Command: Ettedit
Select block reference:

Nu block bn chn khng cha thuc tnh hoc i tng chn khng phi l block
th xut hin dng thng bo li. Bn phi chn li block khc.

26
 ffH Enhanced Attribute Editor
Block: 123
Select block
Tag: TENVL

Attribute Text Options Properties

Tag Prompt Value

TENVL Nhp vo tn Vt Liu Ximang
HANG Nhp vo tn Hng ... ViNaComex
KHOILUONG Nhp vo Khi Ld... 14

Value: Ximang

Apply OK L Cancel Help

Select Block : chn block trn bn v.

Apply : c p nht cc thay i cu thuc tnh.

Attribute :
- Hin th Tag, Prompt v Value gn cho mi thuc tnh
- Value : Gn gi tr cho thuc tnh c chn.

Enhanced Attribute Editor

Block: 123
Select block
Tag: TENVL

Attribute Text Options Pfoperties

Text Style: stylel

Justification: Center I I Backwards I I Upside down

Height: 1.0000 Width Factor: 1.0000

Rotation: 0 0 blique Angle: 0

Apply OK Cancel Help

Text Options : gn cc thuc tnh cho text. Cc la chn nh trong hp thoi to

thuc tnh cho block.
- TextStye :Kiu text thuc tnh s hin ln mn hnh.
- Justification : Ch nh im canh l cho text thuc tnh.
- H eight: Ch nh chiu cao dng ch thuc tnh.
- Rotation : Ch nh gc quay thuc tnh dng ch thuc tnh.
- Backwards : Ch nh dng ch thuc tnh i xng theo phng thng ng.
- Upside down : Ch nh dng ch chuc tnh i xng phng ngang.
- Oblique Angle : Ch nh nghing dng ch thuc tnh.

27
 fa Enhanced Attribute Editor
Block: 123
Select block
Tag: TENVL

Attribute II Text Options Properties

Layer:

Linetype: ByLayei

Color: ByLayer Lineweight ByLayer

Plot style:

Apply OK L Cancel Help

Propertie : xc nh lp cha thuc tnh chiu rng nt in, dng ng, mu,....
- Layer : Ch r lp cha thuc tnh
- LineType : ch nh dng ng.
- Color : ch nh mu ca text thuc tnh.
- Pot Stye : Ch r kiu in ca thuc tnh.Nu bn v s dng kiu in hin
hnh l kiu in theo mu th bng ny s c lm m i.
- LineWeight: Ch r chiu rng net ca thuc tnh.

Hiu chnh cc tnh cht ca thuc tnh.

s dng lnh Rattman hiu chnh cc tnh cht thuc tnh ca nh ngha block.
Khi nh lnh Battman hp thoi Block A ttribute M anager hin ln nh sau :

Ffaj Block Attribute Manager

$ Select bjock Block: Sync

Tag Prompt Default Mo... Move Up

TENVL Nhp vo tn Vt Liu Ximang
HANG Nhp vo tn Hng ... ViNaComex Move Down
KHILUONG Nhp vo Khi L... 14
Edit...

Remove

Found in drawing: 2 Found in model space: 2

Settings... Apply I OK Cancel Help

Chn Edit th hp thoi Edit Attribute s hin ln nh sau :

28
51]Edit Attribute 0
Active Block: 123

Attribute Text Options Properties

Mode Data
0 Invisible Tag: TENVL

[ ] Constant
Piompt: Nhp vo tn Vt Liu
1 I Verify
Default: Ximang
n Preset

[*1 Auto preview changes OK Cancel Help

T h Attribute : nh trnh by trong mc to thuc tnh.

Data : Bn c th sa gi tr ca Tag, Prompt, Default.

ff Edit Attribute

Active Block: 123

Attribute Text Options Properties

fe
Text Style: stylel V

Justification: Center V I Backwards m Upside down

B i

Height: 1.0000 Width Factor: 1.0000

Rotation: 0 Oblique Angle: 0

0 Auto preview changes OK Cancel Help

T h Text Options : chn cc nh dng v ch.

- Backwards : i xng theo phng thng ng
- Upside down: i xng theo phng ngang.
- Cc lo chn khc nh trong phn to thuc tnh ca khi.

29
 51] Edit Attribute S B
Active Block: 123

Attribute T ext 0 ptions Properties

Layer: v
Linetype: ByLayef
*

Color: ByLayet Lineweight: ByLayer

Plot style:

0 Auto preview changes OK Cancel Help

T h Properties : bao gm cc la chn v layer, color, linetype,...

Nu chn setting th hp thoi setting s hin ln nh sau

Display in list

I I Justification Layer

P I Prompt l~1 Height [~~l Linetype

0 Default QR<*
^Rotation n Color

0 Modes /idth Factor

Wid I I Lineweight

Style I I Oblique Angle l~1 Plot style

Select All Clear All

I*'! Emphasize duplicate tags

0 Apply changes to existing references

OK Cancel Help

Trch thng tin thuc tnh.

Sau khi to v chn block vi thuc tinh vo bn v, ta c th trch thng tin ca hlock
ra file nh dng ACII (.TXT). Cc thng ny c th c s dng bi mt s phn mm
khc.
Lnh Attext (Attribute Extaction).

30
 ^ A ttrib u te Extraction 0 8
File Format

Comma Delimited File (CDF)

O Space Delimited File (SDF)

O DXF Format Extract File (DXK)

Select Objects < Number found: 0

Template File...

Output File... test.txt

Cancel Help
1 I

- Format file : chn cc nh dng format file AutoCAD duyt qua nh s trnh
by di y.
- Select O bject: chn cc block cn trch thng tin. s lng cc block chn th
hin trong Number found.
- Output File : chn file s xut thng tin ra.

File thng tin thuc tnh (Form at file).

Thng tin thuc tnh ch c trch khi tn Tag ph hp vi tn trng c nh
nglia trong file mu. Lnh Attext nh trnh by trn cho ta 3 nh dng ca file mu
(format file).
Comma - delimited file (CDF)
Space - delimited file (SDF)
DXF Format Extract File (DXX)

CDF l nh dng trong thuc tnh ca mi block c chn s c l mt

record. Du (,) s tch trng cu mi record, du () bao quanh trng k t.
SDF l nh dng to ra file cha ng mt record cho mi tham kho block. Mi
trng ca mt record c chiu di c nh v khng dung bt k mt du phn cch no
gia cc trng cng nh cc chui k t.
DXX l nh dng to nn tp hp con nh dng file trao i bn v ca AutoCAD
trong DXX l mt phn nh ca DXF. File DXX khng i hi file nh dng v n theo
nh dng ca DXF file.

Cu trc ca file mu thng tin thuc tnh.

File mu c trinh cha tt c cc thng tin lin quan n attribute, name, location,
... ca block. Sau khi nh ngha file mu, AutoCAD s s dng to ra cc file thng
tin ca block.
V d file mu di y cha tt c cc thng tin c th trch ra t block.
Field Format Explanation
BL: LEVEL NWWW000 Mc block lng nhau
BL: NAME cw w w ooo Tn block
BL: X NWWWPPP Honh X im chn
BL: Y NWWWPPP Tung Y im chn

31
 BL: z NWWWPPP Cao z im chn
BL: NUMBER NWWW000 Block counter
BL: HANDLE CWWW000 Block handle
BL: LAYER CWWW000 Tn layer khi chn block
BL: ORIENT NWWWPPP Gc quay ca block
BL: XSCALE NWWWPPP T l phng theo trc X
BL: YSCALE NWWWPPP T l phng theo trc Y
BL: ZSCALE NWWWPPP T l phng theo trc z
BL: XEXTRUDE NWWWPPP Thnh phn X ca hng dn ra ca
block.
BL: YEXTRUDE NWWWPPP Thnh phn Y dng trong v 3D
BL: ZEXTRUDE NWWWPPP Thnh Phn z
BL: SPACE CWWWPPP Chn mt khong trng vo v tr ny.

Ngoi cc thng tin trn ta cn c th trch cc thng tin thuc tnh i km ca block
(Attributes tag) nh v d sau :

Attribute tag Format

Hang CWWWPPP
Soluong NWWW000

Gii thch nh dng m t (F om at): TW W W PPP

- T : k t u tin s quy nh gi tr ca thuc tnh l ch hay s (C :character, N
: number).
- WWW : s quy nh di ca gi tr thuc
tnh (bao gm c du phy v du chm
phn cch gia phn thp phn v phn
nguyn).
- ppp : chnh xc i vi s cn i vi
tt c cc k t ta dng 000.
V d N006002 : quy nh gi tr l s (N), gi tr
c th ln ti 999.99 (v 006 bao gm c du chm v
002 cho php ly chnh xc ti 2 ch s thp phn).

V d v file mu .
s dng trnh son tho NotePad to ra file
vl.txt c ni dung nh sau :

BL : NAME C004000
BL : X N008002
BL : Y N008002
BL : SPACE C002000
TENVL C012000
HANG C006000
KHOILUONG N008000

Khi file trch thng tin ca ta c dng nh sau

32
 1
c C D F.txt - Notepad _ n X
k.
File Edit Format View Help
'123', 8 5.89, 4 2.16, , ' x i m a n g ' , ' B u t s o n ' , 14 w
'123', 75.79, 42.16,' ,'T h p ',Viet u , 25
V

E* SDF.txt - Notepad
HV B 1M
File Edit Format View Help
123 8 5.89 42.16 :-'im ang Butson 14
-

Xut thng tin thuc tinh block bng lnh Eattext

nh lnh Eattext, hp thoi Attribute Extraction wizard hin ln

A ttrib u te Extraction Sclcct Drawing

Select Drawing Drawings

Settings Select Blocks from current
drawing to sxtract attribute 0 Setec Objects
Use Template
and block hformation.
Select Attributes o Current Ufawrtg
View Output o Select Drawings
Save Template

Export
Drawing Files
Name Size Modified
C:\Documenls and SeUings.. 26344 11/25/200411...

Caned Help

Drawings
- Select object: chn mt hoc nhiu block.
- Current drawing : chn tt c cc thuc tinh ca tt c cc block c trong bn v.
- Select drawing : chn bn v khc.
Drawing files : ng dn ca file cha block cn trch thng tin.

33
Attribute Extraction - Settings 0
Select Drawing
Select Include Xrefs to extiad attribute
Settings information from external reference drawings.
Use Template
Select Include Nested Blocks to extract
Select Attributes attribute information from nested blocks

View Output
Save Template
0 Include xiefs
Export
0 Include nested blocks

I < Back II Nexfc> Help

Include xrefs : bao gm cc thng tin thuc tnh ca cc tham kho ngoi.
Include nested blocks : bao gm cc thng tin ca cc block lng.

A ttrib u te Extraction - Use Template

Select Drawing Templates contain block, attribute selection

cata and output format
Settings
Templates can be used to save and restore
Use Template settings in this dialog box
Select Attributes
0 No template
View Output
Save Template c) Use template
If you selecnJse Tempate, select a template
Export
file with the blk file name extension

emplate

No Template Selected

< Back "II Next > I Cancel Help

Use template : s dng cc dinh dng mu (file template).

No template : khng s dng cc dinh dng mu (file template).

A ttrib u te Extraction - Select A ttrib u te s

Select the blocks and attrixjtes containrtg the information you want to extract.
Select Drawing
Blocks Attributes for block <123>
Settings
Block Name Block Alia. Number Attribute AttnbuleV... Aas A
Use Template
[ Z lE E S B H M Y insertion po.. 42162571
Select Attributes 0 z insertion po.. 0.000000
View Output 0 Layer 0
0 Orient 0.000000
Save Template
0 X scale 1.000000
Export 0 Y scale 1.000000
0 z scale 1.000000
0 X extrude 0.000000
0 Y extrude 0.000000 V
> < I Jfel

Check All I I Uncheck AI I Check All I I Uncheck AI I

[ < Back II Next > I I Caned Help

34
Chn cc thng tin cn trich ra trong hp attributes for block.
Chn cc block s trch thng tin trong hp blocks.

A ttrib u te Extraction - View O utput

Seed Drawing The table belcw shows the results of your query. Choose Alternate View to
switch between two views of the data
Settings

Use Template Block Name Count Attribute AttributeValue

Select Attributes 123 1 X scale 1.000000
123 1 V scale 1.000000
View Output 123 1 KHOILUONG 52
Save Template 123 1 HANG Hoa Phat
123 1 TENVL Da
Export

Alternate View [Copy to Clipboard)

I < Back j[ Next > I Caned Help

Chn anternate view chuyn i gia cc kiu nhn.

A ttrib u te Extraction Save Template

Select Drawing
e I I Current settings in this dwriog box can be saved
Settngs I I to a template Tile.
Use Template

Seect Attributes
Save Template
implate
vew Output
S a v e Temploye

Export

< Back II Next > j Cancej I I Help

File name:

Save as type: Block Template Files (.blk) V

Ghi li cc thit lp va thao tc ln sau dng li. File template c dng *.BLK

35
 A ttrib u te Extractio n - Export

Select Drawing

Settings

Use Template Fie Name

C: \D ocumenls and setting$\T fan An!
Select Attribute*

View Output
Frie Type
Save Template
CSV (Comma delimited) (*.csv)
Export
Tab Delimited File (Mxt)
Microsoft Excd (X.xis)
Microsoft Access Database .mdb)

I < Back II Finish I I Cancel I I Help

Ta c th ghi li cc thng tin trch di dng cc file khc nhau.

V d nh Excel :

A B c D
1 Block Name Count Attribute AttributeValue
2 123 1 X scale 1
3 123 1 Y scale 1
4 123 1 KHOILUONG 52
5 123 1 HANG Hoa Phat
6 123 1 TENVL Da

6.3. Qun l cc block,

s dng Acad Design Center
Ta c th s dng ca s acad Design center qun ] cc block. C th ly cc
block t bn v khc, c th preview trc, ri ko th vo bn v ca mnh,
s dng chc nng ko th ca Window
Khi ta lm vic vi Internet Explore ta c th s dng chc nng ko th cc icon (cc
file ca AutoCAD) chn vo bn v. Cc bn v c chn vo nh l mt i tng
block.
7. Ghi cc thit lp mi trng bn v thnh Template.

8. Cc ty chn trong menu Option

III. Gii thiu Express Tools.

36
 C h n g 2 : LAYOUT V IN N (6 ti t)
I. Lm vic vi Layout
1. Paper Space
Khi nim v vng nhn tnh v ng
Vng nhn tnh (Tiled Viewport)
AutoCad cho php bn chia mn hnh thnh nhiu hnh ch nht. Bn c th hin th
cc vng nhn khc nhau ca bn v trn cc hnh ch nht . Mc ch phc v cho vic
quan st bn v mt cch d dng hn. Vng nhn tnh ch c trong Model Space (MS).
Mt s c tnh ca Tiled Viewport :
- Khng quant trng l bn c bao nhiu khung nhn, chng lun lun c sp
sp cnh nhau v ph kn ton mn hnh
- Ti mt thi im ch c mt khung nhn Active. Khung nhn Active lun c
vin m
- Crosshair ch xut hin trn Active viewport
- u c s (User Coordinate System) Icon lun xut hin ti tt c cc khung nhn
- S thay i ca cc i tng bn v trn mt khung nhn s ngay lp tc s
c th hin trn cc khung nhn cn li.
- AutoCAD cho php bn to ra ti a 96 khung nhn
- Bn c th bt u lnh t mt khung nhn v kt thc lnh mt khung nhn
khc.
- Ngoi ra bn cn c th ghi li cu hnh ca cc khung nhn, phc v cho mc
ch khi phc li cc khung nhn nu mun.
Vng nhn dng (Floating Viewport)
Vng nhn ng ch c trong Paper Sapee (PS), bn ch s dng n khi mun th hin
mt vng ca bn v trn MS trong PS. Theo mc inh, ch c mt Floating view (FV)
trong mt PS. Tuy nhin bn c th to ra nhiu hn mt nu bn mun.
FV c mt s c tnh sau
- Khng ging nh Tiled Viewport (TV), FV l mt Object tht, bn c th xo,
move v stretch n. Bn c th hin th n trn layer ring bit, v cn c th bt
tt ch hin th ng bao ca n. Chng khng in y mn hnh nh TV
m bn c th t do thit k kch thc v v tr ca chng.
- Trong PS, Crosshairs khng b gi hn trong mt vng nhn ng.
- Bn c th thit lp s hin th ca u c s Icon trong tng FV
- Bn c th to nhiu FV trong PS v chng s c lu l i cng vi bn v.
- T t c nhng g bn v trn MS u c trong PS. Tri li, nhng g bn v trn
PS ch tn ti trn PS, khng tn ti trn bn v khi bn tr v MS.
- Sau khi bn v xong trong MS, bn chuyn sang PS d v. Trn khng gian PS
bn c th v thm or chnh sa cc Object trn MS bng cch Double click vo
FV. Khi FV lm vic ging h t nh TV.

Khi nim : Tab Layout cho php truy sut n 1 vng c gi l Paper space.
Trong paper space (PS), bn c th chn title block, to cc layout viewport, dimension v
thm cc notes trc khi in bn v.
PS v MS l 2 khng gian lm vic ring l. Trong PS ta c th tham chiu n 1
hoc nhiu vng ca MS vi cc t l khc nhau thng qua cc ca s (viewport).
M c ch : Ngi ta thng s dng PS trong trng hp
- C nhiu hnh v vi t l khc nhau trn cng mt bn v (V k thut XD).

37
 - Mun in hnh v vi cc gc nhn khc nhau trn cng mt bn v (v kin
trc).
- Mun in hnh v vi cc gc xoay khc nhau (in tuyn ng trong cu ng)
Cc b c
- u tin ta v cc hnh v trn MS
- Sau chuyn sang PS chn cc Note, dimension v cc leader.
Cc thao tc vi PS
Trong PS bn cng c th view, edit cc PS Object nh layout viewport v tile block.
M c nh ca CAD, mt bn v c 2 layout tab, c tn l Layoutl v layout2. Tuy
nhin n s c tn khc nu bn s dng cc template khc.
Bn c th to mt layout bng cc cch sau :
Add new layout without setting sau s thit lp cc thng s cho n sau.
s dng chc nng Creat layout wizard v thit lp ngay cc thng s cho n.
Import layout t mt bn v c sn (DWG or DWT)
Add a new Layout
Click insert menu->Layout-> New Layout.
Enter the name of the new layout on the command line.
A new layout tab is created. To switch to the new layout, choose the layout tab.
To import a layout from a template
Click Insert menu->Layout->Layout from Template.
In the Select File dialog box, select a DWT or DWG fileto import alayout from ->
Click Open.
In the Insert Layout(s) dialog box, select a layout to import.
A new layout tab is created. To switch to the new layout, click the layout tab.
To create a layout using a wizard
Click Insert menu Layout Layout Wizard.
On each page of the Create Layout wizard, select the appropriate settings for the
new layout.
Trong PS, Bn cng c th :
Duplicate a layout
Rename a layout
Delete a layout
Rearrange layout tabs
Make a layout current
Sctivate the previous layout
Click Select All Layouts.
Plot a layout
2. Cc thao tc trn Viewport ca Paper Space
2.1. To cc Viewport
u tin bn chuyn sang Paper Space, sau dng lnh MVIEW.
Trong Layout, bn c th to nhiu ca s Viewport khc nhau, bn c th b tr,
sp xp cc viewport theo mc ch ca bn. Theo mc nh, Autocad cho php bn to
ti a l 64 viewports , ta c th thay i s lng viewport bng cch thay i bin h
thong MAXACTVP. :
Trong Viewport ta cng c th v cc i tng bn v nh trong Model space.
Ngoi ra ta cn c th tham chiu n mt vng bn v no ca Model Space vi mt t
l t sn. tham chiu n mt vng no ca Model Space ta dng lnh MSPACE
sau chn viewport m tat ham cn hiu chnh.

38
 s dng chc nng zoom t bn v trong Model Space vo Paper Space vi t l
nh mong mun.. Ti y ta cng c th chnh sa, thm bt cc i tng ca m trng
Model Space. Cc thay i ny s c ghi li trong Model Space.
quay v mi trng Paper Space ta nh lnh PSpace.
2.2. Ct xn ng bao Viewport
Autocad cho php bn ct xn cc ng bin ca viewport phc v cho cc mc
ch ring ca bn. Lnh Vclip cho php bn ct xn thep mt hnh ch nht hay polygon
bt k. C php nh sau :
Ti dng lnh nh vpclip.
Select the viewport to clip : chn viewport cn ct xn.
Enter d (Delete) to delete the clipping boundary : nhn D xa ng bin ct
xn trc .
Enter p (Polygonal) : nhn p to ng bin a gic ct xn mi.
Specify points, or select the object, to define the new viewport boundary.
Shortcut menu Select the viewport to clip, right-click in the drawing area, and then
choose Viewport Clip
2.3. T l trong tng i
Viewport On Yes
On Yes
Bn c th t t l Clipped No
Clipped No
trong tng viewport bng Display locked No X
Display 1... No
lnh zoom nh ni Standard scale Yes
Standar... Custom
Custom scale No
trn, tuy nhin t vi mt Custom... 04 t
UCS per viewport Yes
t ] chnh xc bng cch UCS per ... Yes
Shade plot As Displayed
thay i t l ca viewport Shade plot As Displayed
linked to S he et... No
trong ca s Propertie Linked to... No
(CtrLl).
V d : gi s t l v trong bn v l 1 : 25, ta t trong Misc->Custom : 0.04.
Nu mun c nh t l cng nh khung nhn, bn chuyn la chn Display locked
2.4. Layer trong tng Viewport
Layer c th n hin trong tng Viewport khc nhau l khc nhau.

Stat Name On Freeze Lock Color Linetype Lineweight Plot Style Plot Current VP Freeze A
^ AXIS 9 Q blue CENTER ------ O. jn % Q]
BODER Q 9_n Continuous ------ Default Color_3 & Q]
BORDER Q 5 r Continuous ------ Default Color_3 Q]
CHI Q red Continuous ------ Default Color_1 I Qi
DEFPOINTS Q
w Q Jh white Continuous ------ Default Color_7 1 2]
'k red Continuous ------ Default Color_1 %
HATCH Q 8 Continuous ------ Default Color 8 &
^ HIDDEN Q 9 HIDDEN ------ Default Color_9 I Ql
Q
^
^
KHUNG
SOTHEP Q
Q o tff)


171
red
Continuous ------ 0.._m Col-171
Continuous ------ Default Color_1 is
%
k
'

<
STEEL
TEXT
T rv r Tn A
Q

IU1
cyan Continuous ------ Default Color_4
y...w Continuous ------ O .-m
n _____ n .x __u
Colof_2 s r d
Q]
dll
V

c t th 4 (Freeze) : c chc nng ng (tan) bng cho tt c cc viewport.

Ct th 12 (Freeze Viewport): c chc nng ng (tan) bng cho tng viewport,
c t th 13 (Freeze Viewport) : c chc nng ng (tan) bng cho tt c cc viewport
mi sp c to.

39
 2.5. n hin viewport
An hin viewport ph thuc vo trng thi thng s On
trong th Misc ca ca s Properties khi ta chn dng bao ca
ca s viewport. On Yes___________ y>j
Clipped
2.6. n hin ng bao viewport Display I... No
n hin ng bao ca cc viewport, bn to ra mt Standar... Custom
layer mi cha ng bao ca viewport m bn mun n hin Custom... .04
n. Sau , vic n hin ng bao s ph thuc vo trng thi UCS per ... Yes
bt tt ca layer cha ng bao. Shade plot As Displayed
Mo Linked to.,.
2.7. Scale LineType
Qun l t l Line Type trong Paper Space thng qua bin
h thng Psltscale.
PsLtScale = 1 : t l dng ng s c nhn vi t l phng ca viewport.
PsLtScale = 0 : t l dng ng s c gi nguyn nh trong Model Space cho
d bn c phng in t l bao nhiu i chng na.

PSLTSCALE=1 dasnes scaled to PSLTSCALE=0. flashes scaled to space

paper space where they were created

2.8. Cc h iu chnh khc i vi Viewport

Quay s hin thi trong Layout, dng thng hang cc khung nhn, to khung nhn mi,
chnh t l khung nhn. Tham kho lnh MvSetup.
3. Cc ch khi in nhiu t l trong mt bn v
u tin to cc Dim c bn. Cc dimstyle khcs c toda trndimstyle c
Scale for Dimension Features

Use overall scale of: 1

bn ban u, bng cch thay i
Cn ch khi o kch thc, khong cch t dim n i tng dim phi ph hp
vi t l in ca i tng .
Cc thit lp Page setup ging nh trong Plot (xem phn sau).
Kt lun : Nhn chung, i vi bn v cn in n vi t l tuyt i chnh xc, cc bn v
kin trc cn ct xn khung nhn th nn dng Paper space, cn i vi bn v bnh thng
th khng cn v trn Paper Space
II. iu khin in n.
Trong cc cng ty nh, sau khi hon thnh bn v, ngi ta nguyn c bn v
mang ra qun in v thng nht vi qun in cc nt in.
Trong cc cng ty ln hn, sau khi hon thnh bn v, h s quy nh ng nt in.
thng nht ng nt in, ngi ta s to ra mt file c ui l *.ctb nm trong th mc
C:\Documents and Settings\User\Application Data\Autodesk\AutoCAD 2006\R16.2\enu\Plot
Styles, sau s lu file ny li v copy cho tt c mi thnh vin trong cng ty. (file ny ta
s nghin cu k hn phn sau)

40
 i vi cc cng ty c quy m ln, nhiu b mn chung mt xng in. Ngi ta s
in bn v ra di dng file c ui *.PLT. File ny c th in bt k my in no m khng
cn n phn mm AutoCad. N tng t nh khi ta chuyn cc file vn bn sang *.PDF
in n. i vi cc loi file ny, ta khng cn quan tm n font, ng nt. V ung
nt c t khi ra in ra file.
1. Khai bo thit b in.
in n, vo menu file ->Plot hoc n t hp phm (Ctrl_P). Hp thoi Plot hin ra
nh sau :

P ag e setup Plot style table [pen assignm ents)

Name: S etu p l Add.. A4.INKIEM.ctb

JZ>
Printer/plotter S haded viewport options

Name: Properties. S h a d e plot A s displayed

Plotter: N one Quality Normal

W here: Not applicable

Description: T he layout will not b e plotted unless a new ploiter

configuration nam e is selected. Plot options

P lc t^ i background

0 Plot object lineweights

P aper s2e Number of copies
0 Plot with plot styles
ISO A4 (2 1 0 .0 0 x 2 9 7 .0 0 MM) V

0 Plot p ap e rsp ac e last

Hot area Plot scale [ J H ide p ap e rsp ac e objects
W hat to plot: 0 Fit to paper 1 I Plot stam p on
Display
Scale: I I S a v e ch a n g es to layout

R ot offset (origin set to printable area) Drawing orientation

11.55 m 0 Center the plot Portrait

O
13.65
0
L an d scap e

Plot upside-down
a
Preview.. Apply to Layout II OK I I C ancel II Help I (< )

Trong mc Page setup->name l tn ca Page setup. Bn c th import Page setup t

cc bn v khc. Page setup c lu cng vi file dwg. Sau khi bn khai bo xong tt c
cc thng s bn di, bn n vo Command box Add thmmt Page setup vo trong
bn v ca bn.
Chn my in trong mc Printer/plot. Plot area

Chn kch kh giy Paper size. What to plot:

Chn vn in trong Plot area , s c 3 la chn nh hnh bn, ty Display v
theo mc ch s dng ca ngi in.
Display : vng in l ca s hin hnh ca bn v. , Extents
Limits
Extents : vng in l c bn v. Window__________ l
Limits : vng in l vng limits ca bn v
Window : vng in l mt ca s m bn s nh ngha sau .
iu chnh l ca giy in trong Plot offset (origin set to ptintable area)
Xem trc khi in trong mc Preview.
iu chnh t l in trong Plot Scale.

41
 iu chnh hng in (giy nm ngang hay thng ng) trong mc Drawing
orientation.
iu chnh in n trong m hnh 3D
As displayed : nh hin th trn mn hnh. Shaded viewport options
Wireframe : theo m hnh khung dy (hin th Shade plot As displ
ng bao ca i tng)
Quality
Hiden : b qua nhng i tng, nhng Hidden
ng bao b che khut bi mt i tng Rendered
khc.
Rendered : Render tt c cc object trc khi
xut bn.
Plotstyle Table : iu khin nt in. y l phn quan trng nht.
V d chn kiu nt in : A4.INKIEM.CTB. cc file ny c lu trong th mc
C:\Documents and Settings\User\Application Data\Autodesk\AutoCAD 2006\R16.2\enu\Plot
Styles.
D i y l ngha mt s kiu in c sn : Plot style table (pen assignments)

|A4.INKIEM.ctb
I None
A 4 .IN K IE M .c tb
acad.ctb
DWF Virtual Pens.ctb
Fill Patterns.ctb
Grayscale.ctb
monochrome.ctb
Screening 100%. ctb
Screening 25% .ctb
Screening 50% .ctb
Screening 75% .ctb
New...

Table Description 1
acad.ctb Default plot style table

fillPattems.ctb Sets first 9 cobrs to use first 9 fill patterns, all others to use
object's fill

gcayscale.ctb Converts all colors to grayscale when plotted

monocbrome.b Plots all colors as black

None Applies no plot style table

screening 100%.ctb Uses 100% ink for all colors

saeening 7S%.ctb Uses 75% ink for all colors

saeeniny 50%xtb Uses 50% ink for all cobrs

scieening 25%.ctb Uses 25% ink for all cobrs

NOTE You can assign a color-dependent plot style table to a layout only if the
drawing has been set to use color-dependent plot style tables.

to mi, bn chn new. Hp thoi new hin ln nh sau :

Chon Start from scratch.

42
 Add Color Dependent Plot Style Table Begin

Begin This wizard provides you with the ability to either create a
Browse Fie color dependent plot style table from scratch, or by mporting
settings from a PCP, PC2. or Release 14 CFG file. The new plct
Fie Name
style table can be assigned to any color-dependent drawing
Finish

0 Start from scratch

Create a new plot style table from scratch.

O Use a CFG fie

Import R14 pen settings that were saved automatically to a CFG

file.
O Use a PCP or PC2 fie

Import R14 pen settings that were saved in a PCP or PC2 fie.

____________________________
Add Color-Dependent Plot Style Table - File Name

Enter a name for the new plot style table.

File name:

Unlike R14 pen settings, this plot style table can be plotted to any
output device.

[ < Back |[ Next > ] [ Cancel |

May se tao ra file test.ctb

Add Color Dependent Plot Style Table Finish

Begin You have created a new plot style table named test that contain* 255
Browse File ft. ^ plot styles. These plot styles are initially set to AutoCAD 2005
defaults.
File Name
Finish
To modify any of the plot styles, choose Plot Style Table Editor.

Plot Style Table Editor

0 Use this plot style table for the current drawing

l~~l Use this plot style table for new and pre-AutoCAD 2005 drawngs

< Back ~|| Finish Cancel

Ban vao nut Plot style table editor de hieu chinh net in

43
 P lo t s t y le T a b le E d itor t e s t .c t b

General Table View FotmView

Plot st>4es: Properties

H Color 1 A Color: Use object color V
I I Color 2
n Colof 3 Dither: On
n Color 4 -
Grayscale: Off
Color 5 -
Color 6 Pen #: Automatic
Color 7 *
Color 8 Virtual pen #: Automatic
I I Color 9
Color 10
Screening 100 *
Color 11
Linetype: y se object linetype
Color 12 *
Color 13 Adaptive: On
Color 14 v
Color 15 V Uneweight: Use object lineweight
-

description: Line end style: Use obtect end style

r
Line join style: u se object join style

FiB style- Use object fill style

Edit Lineweights... Save As...

Add styte Delete Style

Save & Close Cancel Help

Color : Chnh mu ca cc nt v. Nu bn Properties

khng in mu th nn chuyn n thnh mu en. Color: Use object color Msl

Red
Gr
Yellow
Green
Cyan
Virtu;
I Blue
Screening: Magenla
Black
Linetype: Select Color..

2. In ra file *.PLT
0 Plot to file
Ch cn tch vo nt , sau bm nt lnh Plot, my s hi tn file vo
ng dn ca file *.plt.

44
 C h n g 3 : LM VIC V I D LIU (6 tit)
I. Tham kho ngoi
1. Gii thiu v tham kho ngoi.
Tham kho ngoi l s lin kt mt bn v bt k (c gi l bn v chnh) vi mt
hay nhiu bn v khc (gi l bant v xref - External references). Nu ta chn mt bn v vo
trong mt bn v tti bn v c chn s c inh dng mt Block v s c lu cng
vi bn v chinh. Nu ta chnh bn v c chn th block s khng c cp nht li. Nu
ta chn mt bn v vo trong nhiu bn v khc di dng block tli vic cp nht block khi
block c vi s thay i s rt mt thi gian v ta phi thay i li cc block trong tt c
cc file chn.
Nhng nhc im trn s c khc phc th ta dng chc nng tham kho ngoi ca
AutoCAD. Khi bn v tham kho s c lu ring, khi bn v tham kho thay i th tt
c cc bn v tham kho n n s t ng thay i theo. Vic dng tham kho ngoi rt hu
ch khi lm vic vi nhng d n ln. c bit l khi ta chia s ti nguyn bn v trn mng.
2. Chn mt xref vo bn v
Lnh Xattach
Lnh Xattach cho php ta chn mt bn v vo bn v chinh di dng tham kho
ngoi.
Command : Xattach

Select Reference File

L o o k r t J jD ra w in g s -i3 t X i*" Toc

Pieview
Name S z'
0abO 4-a .dwg 23K
lb04-b.dwg 27K
ItJabiM-c.dwg 37 K
13ab06-a.dwg 25K
abO -b.dwg 2SK
ab07 -a .dw g 44 K
ab07-t>.dwg 2SK
3at07-c dwg 2SK
i0abO7-d.dtvg 2SK
ia p ;. i 47 K
lbOB-b.dvvg 166 l
b 0 8 < .d w g
ab08 -d .dw g Type: A.oCAD Drawng
b09 -a .dw g Date ModUed: 4/4/2003 7:E8 PM
Size: 165 KB

Fe name: b08-a.dwg V i pen 1R

Fte of type- Drawing r.dwfll

Hp thoi Select reference file hin ln. Ta chn file cn chn vo bn v chnh. Sau
kich Open, hp thoi External Reference hin ln :

45
 ffal E x t e rn a l R e fe r e n c e

Name: ab19b Browse..

Found in; C:\Documertfs and SeKingsVTran Anh Binh\Desklop\Khong loi\ab19-b.dwg

Saved path: .AKhong loi\ab19-b.dwg

Reference Type Path type

0 Attachment o Overlay Relative path

Insertion point Scale Rotation

0 Specify On-scieen Specify On-screen Specify On-screen

X: 1.00 Angle:

Y: 1.00

z. 1.00

n Uniform Scale

Cancel I Help

Browse : Thay i bn v chn vo.

Found in : ng dn ca bn v xref.
Path type : quy inh kiu ng dn l tuyt i hay tng
i, hay khng km theo ng dn. Cc la chn ny quy inh
Save path. Bn c c th kim tra kt qu ca tng la chn ca
mnh trong Save path.
Reference Type : kiu chn
- Attachement: cho php hin thi cc xref lng nliau.
- Overlay : khng cho php hin thi cc xref lng nhau.
Cc la chn v Intertion Point, Scale v Rotation tng t nh lnh insert.

Lnh Xref.
Lnh xref chn mt bn v tham kho ngoi (bn v xref) vo trong bn v chinh.

m ] X ref Manager

Reference Name Status Size Type Dale Saved Path Attach...

abCS-c 'S Loaded 30KB Attach 4/4/2003... F:\Ebook\AutoCAD\AutoCAD 2004 Bible.corrplete\Drav
Detach
'S Loaded 26KB Attach 4/4/2003... AKhong loi\ab19-b.dwg
Reload

Unload

Bind

< Hi > Open

Xref Found Al
CADocuments and SettingsYTran Anh Binh\Desktop\Khong loi\ab19-b-dwg Browse.. S av e Path

OK Cancel Help

46
 Nt Tree View cho php ta nhn cu trc cy ca xref. Danh sch
c lit k theo bng ch ci. Cc xref lng c sp xp theo mc
lng (hnh cy).

- Attach : chn mt xref vo bn v chinh. Khi n vo nt lnh ny th hp thoi

External Reference hin ln (nh trnh by trn).
- Deattach : hy b xref c chn. Bn v s nh i rt nhiu
- Reload : c li file xref. Thng s dng khi file xref va c s thay i
- Unload : G b xref c chn ra khi bn v. Khc vi Deattach, Unload vn
lu li ng dn ca file xref. Nu ta mun c li file ny ch vic n vo nt
Reload.
- Bind : Quy inh s rng buc ca xref vi bn v chinh. Bm vo h p thoi s
hin ln (trnh by sau)
- Open : m file xret trong mt ca s mi, tng ng vi lnh Xopen. Ta c
th thay i file xref, sau quay li bn v chnh cp nht lai (reload trong
hp thoi Xref Manager) s thay i ca bn v xref.
- Thay i file bng nt Browse. Sau nhn Save path ghi li ng dn

Khi bm vo nt Xbind ca hp thoi Xref M anager th hp thoi Bind Xrefs hin

ln nh sau (phn ny cng tng ng
vi vic dng lnh Xbind): Bind Xrefs
- Bind : cc i tng ca bn v
Bind Type
xref s c ni tip vo bn v
chnh Bind

- Insert : cc i tng ca bn v o Insert

tham kho s khng l thnh phn
ca bn v chnh.

3. M mt xref t bn v chnh
Xopen
Xopen cho php ta m mt xref ra mt ca s ring.
Command: Xopen
Select Xref:
Chn xref m ra ca s ring.
External Reference -> Open
Chn file xref trong hp External Reference sau kich nt open.

4. Hiu chnh xref t bn v chinh.

T phin bn AutoCAD 2002 cho php ta sa file xref ngay trn bn v chnh sau
Ill'll tr li (Save back)

4.1. L n h Refedit (Reference Edit).

47
 01] Reference Edit S B
Identify Reference Settings

Reference name: Preview

Drawingl
CP Drawing2
DrawingllBloc

Path: C: \D ocuments and SettingsV.. Cad\T est Xref\D rawing"!.dwg

Automatically select all nested objects

O rompt to select nested objects

OK Cancel Help

Identify reference
Reference name : Chn tn xref cn sa, s cy s th hin c cc reference lng
nhau. Lu l mi ln ta ch sa c mt xref, nu ta chn xref (VD drawing 1 nh hnh
v) cha xref lng (drawing 2) sa th ta cng ch sa c xref cha xref lng
(drawing 1) ch khng sa c xref lng (drawing 2). Do vy mun sa xref no ta chn
xref sa.
Path : Hin th ng dn ca xref m ta chn.
Automaticly select all nested objects : tt c cc objects trong file xref s c chn.
Prompt to select nested objects : kch hot cli chn cc object trong file tham kho
m bn mun sa.

48
 Identify Reference
I
0 Create unique layer, style, and block names

F I Display attribute definitions for editing

0 Lock objects not in working set

OK Cancel Help

Setting
Create unique layer, syle, and block names :
- Nt ny c chn th lp v k hiu c thay i (tn c tin t l $#$), tt
c cc object trong file tham kho s nm trong layer ny.
- Nu nt ny khng c chn th cc tn layer, block v style s hin ln nh
bnh thng.
Display attribute definitions for editing : Nu chn th cc thuc tnh s c hin th
v ta c th sa chng, sau khi ta ghi li th cc thuc tnh trong bn v gc s thay i
theo, cc thay i ch c th thin ra kha ta chn cc thuc tnh sa ra bn v.
Lock objects not in working set : Nu chn ch ny th tt c cc object ca bn
v chnh s b kha li, chng ta khng th hiu chnh c chng.

Khi tao sa mt file tham kho ngoi th cc i tng khc m ta khng chn sa
s m i. Tuy nhin n ch m i khi bin shademode c t l 2D wireframe.
Command: shademode
Current mode: 2D wireframe
Enter option [2D wireframe/3D
wirefrarrte/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edges/gOuraud+edges] <2D wireframe>: 2D
4.2. Thm, b bt tt i tng khi working set (Lnh reiset).
Command: refset
Transfer objects between the RefEdit working set and host drawing...
Enter an option [Add/Remove] <Add>: a (chn them hay b bt bn i tng)
Select objects: Specify opposite corner: 1 found
Select objects: J
1 Added to working set
4.3. Lnh refclose
Sau kh hiu chnh xong bn c th ghi li hay khng ghi li cc thay i bng lnh
Refclose.
Command: refclose

49
 The following symbols will be added to Xref file:
Blocks: Ghe
Enter option [Save/Discard reference changes] <Save>: s
Regenerating model
2 objects added to test
1 xref instance updated
test redefined and reloaded

Enter option :
- Save : glii li nhng thay i trong bn v Xref.
- Discard reference changes : khng ghi li s thay i.

Nu bn chn ch ghi li, xref s t ng reload li. y l s khc bit gia lnh
Xopen v lnh Refedit.
4.4. M t s bin h thng lin quan n xref.
Bin RefEditName : cha tn bn v tham kho ngoi ang c sa.
Bin Xedit : iu khin bn v hin hnh c th c php sa i cc bn v tham
kho hay khng.
- 0 : khng th s dng sa i file tliam kho ti bn v chnh.
- 1 : c th s dng sa i tham kho ti ch.
Bin BindType : Bin iu khin cc tn tham kho c qun l nh th no kho
rng buc hoc sa i trn bn v chnh.
- 0 : theo phng php rang buc truyn thng (tn XreflSymbol tr
thnh XrefSOSSymbol).
- 1 : theo phng php ging nh chn (tn Xref|Symbol tr thnh
Symbol)
Bin Xfadectl : Bin ny iu khin m nht ca cc i tng khng nm trong
ca s chnh sa xref (Working set). Gi tr ca Xfadectl (Controls the fading intensity
percentage) thay i t 0 n 90 (tng ng vi 0% m nht v 90% m nht)
5. iu khin s hin th ca mt xref.
Bn c th iu khin s hin thi ca cc lp c trong xref bn c th ch nhn thy
cc lp cn thit m thi, c mt s tnh nng cho php bn iu chnh qu trnh hin thi ca
xref, iu khin khung nhn xref, lm tng tc hin thi ca cc xref qu ln.
5.1. Xref v cc thnh phn hin ph thuc.
Cc thnh phn ph thuc (Dependent Symbol) l cc mc c t tn trong c
trong bn v, chng hn nh lp, kiu vn bn, kiu ghi kch thc,... Khi bn gn
(Attach) mt bn v th cc thnh phn ph thuc ny s c lit k trong bn v chnh.
V d trong layer control s hin th cc lp ca xref. Cc thnh phn ph thuc c tn theo
nh dng Xref_Name|Symbole_Name. H thng tn ny c gip ta phn bit cc thnh
phn ca xref vi cc thnh phn ca bn v chnh.
5.2. Xref v lp.
Bn c th bt tt hoc lm ng cc lp ca xref. Bn cng c th thay i cc
thuc tnh thng qua bp thoai Layer Properties M anager. Theo mc nh th cc thay i
ny ch c tnh tm thi. Khi bn m bn v ln sau th xref c ti vo bn v chnh v
cc xc lp li tr l i nh ban u. Tuy nhin bn cng c th lu gi cc xc lp ca bn
bng cch thay i bin h thng Visretain bng 1. Bin ny s c ngha klii bn ghi
bn v li, ngha l trc bn thay i bin ny nh th no i chng na, trc khi ghi

50
bn v li AutoCAD s kim tra gi tr ca bin ny quyt nh c ghi l i s thay i
ca bn hay khng.
5.3. Lnh Xbin.
Bn cng c th s dng lnh Xbind ch nhp cc thnh phn cn thit t bn v
tham kho vo bn v chnh. iu ny s gip bn c th lm vic trc tip vi mt tp
hp thng nht cc thnh phn trong bn v hin hnh v xref.

[fjxbind P0_x|
Xrefs Definitions to Bind

a E? Drawing2
Add >
Dtawing2l234
Drawinq2|Standard
Block

X Dimstyle
< -Remove
B Layei
K^- Drawing2|Layer1
Ep- D rawing2|Layer2
+ rin Linetype

+ '& Textstyle

QK Cancel

Chn i tng cn chuyn ri n phm Add-> chuyn sang bn v hin hnh.

Tng t ta c th loi b cc i tng chuyn bng nt <-Remove.
5.4. Tham chiu vng.
Nu bn v a c cha bn v b nh mt tham chiu ngoi. Bn v b li cha bn
v a nh tham chiu ngoi, nh vy ta c mt tham chiu AutoCAD A le rt
vng. Tham chiu vng c th tn ti cho ba hoc nhiu hn
cc xref cng nh kho bn c cc xref lng. AutoCAD s d Circular 2 L
refer
references detected.

tm cc tham chiu vng v c ti n ln khi c th. Nu bn $

Continue?

c ti n ln nh vy th AutoCAD s c thng bo nh hnh

Yes No
v bn :
Click nt Yes tip tc ti xref.
Breaking circular reference from "tn bn v xref" to "current drawing".
Nu click nt No th bn v s khng c ti v AutoCAD s thng bo nh sau :
Warning: Circular reference from "tn bn v xref" to "current drawing".
Regenerating model.
5.5. xn cc xref.
Lnh Xclip : iu khin s hin th ca mt Xref hay bolck. File tham kho ngoi c
th c hin th mt phn hay ton b. s dng lnh Xclip xc nh ng bao xn
(clipping boundary). Cc i tng nm trong ng bao xn s c hin th v nhng
vng nm ngoi s khng c hin th. Cc i tng hnh hc ca Xref s khng thay
i, ta ch iu clinh s hin th ca xref m thi.
Lnh Xclip to mi, hiu chnh, xa cc ng bao xn.

Command: xclip
Select objects: 1 found ( chn cc xref hoc bock)
Select objects: Specify opposite corner: 1 found, 2 total

51
 Select objects: J
Enter clipping option (chn cc chc nng di y)
[ON/OFF/Cipdepth/Delete/generate Polyline/New boundary] <New>:

New boundary ; dng nhc sau s c hin ln

[Select poyline/Poygona/Rectanguar] <Rectanguar>:
- Select polyline : chn mt ng Polyline sn c lm ng bao, a tuyn c th
kn hoc cng c th l mt a tuyn h.
- Polygonal : chn cc nh ca mt linh a gic lm ng bao.
- Rectangular : chn cc nh ca mt Knh ch nht.
ON/OFF : iu chnh s hin thi ca xref.
- ON : s hin ln phn ca xref nm trong ng bao
- OFF : s hin ln ton b xref.
Clipdepth : cho php chn mt phng xn (cliping plane) nm trc hoc sau xref (chc
nng ny ca block cng c trong lnh Dview). Clipd depth ch dng cho v 3D. Dng nhc
sau s xut hin :
Delete : la chn ny dng xa ng bao hin c, khi no ta quan st ton b xref
hoc block. LU l lnh Erase khng th xa ng bao xn.
Generate Polyline : AutoCAD s to ra mt ng a tuyn dc theo ng bao xn. a
tuyn mi s c nhiu mu, dng ng, chiu rng nt in v cc trng thi ca lp hin
hnh. Ta c th hiu chinh lai ng bao bng cch hiu chnh li a tuyn ny sau chnh
li ng bao xn bng la chn Seclect polyline ca lnh Xclip.

Bin Xclipframe :
Bin ny dng kim tra s hin thi ca ng bao xn c to bi lnh xclip.
- Xclipframe = 1 : s hin ln ng bao xn.
- Xclipframe = 1 : ng bao xn s khng c hin ln.
5.6. Tng tc hin thi ca cc xref ln.
gim bt thi gian AutoCAD ti to li bn v, bn c th s dng mt s tnh nng
sau tng tc hin th bn v.
- Tnh nng ti bn v theo yu cu (Demand loading). Tnh nng ny cho php
AutoCAD ch t i cc i tng cn c hin th ca xref.
- Ch mc khng gian (spatial index) c to ra khi bn lull bn v. Ch mc ny
ch c to ra khi ta s dng tnh nng (demand loading). Khi lu bn v
AutoCAD s lu cng vi ch mc v cch thc ti cc xref. AutoCAD da trn
ch mc ny quy nh nhng phn no ca xref s c c ln bin th.
- Ch mc lp (layer index) cng c to ra trong khi ta lu bn v. AutoCAD
s s dng ch mc ny lu li cc layer b ng hoc b ng bng. Tnh
nng ny s quy nh mc xref cn c c bn v c hin th nhanh
hn.
Tnh nng ny ch thc s c hiu lc khi :
- Tnh nng Demand loading phi c kch hat trong bn v hin hnh.
- Xref phi c lu vi ch s khng gian hoc ch s lp.
- Xref phi c xn (vi ch mc khng gian) v c lp ng bng hoc ng
(vi ch mc lp).
Tnh nng Demand Loading :
Kch hat tnh nng ny bng la chn : Tools|Options|Open and Save. Trong danli sch th
xung ca Demand load xrefs chn

52
 Enabled : Nhng ngi khc trong mng h thng c th m bn v xref ny
nhng h khng th hiu chnh file khi bn dang tham chiu n n.

H

Xref cannot be checked out for editing:
C:\Documents and Settings\Tran Anh Binh\Desktop\AutoCad\Test Xref\Drawing2.dwg
A file lock already exists on the drawing.

- Enabled with copy : AutoCAD s to ra file nhp (makes a temporary copy of the
externally referenced file and demand loads the temporary file) Xref s c ti
vo bn v chnh nh mt bn copy. Khi nhng ngi khc trong mng h
thng c th hiu chnh bn v gc ny.
- Disabled : ton b bn v xret s c c, tonb layer cng s c c vo
bn v chnh.
External References (Xrefs)
Demand load Xrefs:

Enabled with copy ^

[5 [<7j Retain changes to Xref layers Enabled with copy VK

few 0 Allow other users to Refedit current drawing I Disabled
Enabled
Enabled with copy
Bn c th bt chc nng ny trc khi bn timt xref ch khng nht thit phi bt
ch ny trong sut thi gian lm vic.

Ch mc khng gian (spatial index)

Bn lu mt ch mc cho bn
Ch mc lp.

6. Qun l xref
6.1. ng dn ca cc xref.

6.2. Xref notification

Khi mt file xref bi thay i ni dung. ~l---------------------------;------------------------s
E xtern al R e fe re n c e File Has C hanged x
Cad s thng bo cho ta bit nh sau : A
reference file has changed and may need A reference file has changed and may need reloading:

reloading. Khi bn cp nht li bn v th Drawina2

thng bo trn s bin mt.

6.3. AutoCAD DesignCenter.
Bn cng c th s dng AutoCAD
Design Center qun l xref.
6.4. File bin bn (log) ca xref.
Nu bn xc lp bin h thng XrefCTL l 1 (theo mc inh bin ny l 0). AutoCAD s
ghi li tt c cc thao tc trn xref ca bn vo mt file m ACII. Bn c th c file bin bn
ny khc phc cc vn trc trc c th xy ra. Di y xin trnh bv mt file bin bn
ca xref. Theo mc inh Autocad s t file bin bn vo cng th mc vi file xref v tn n
c dng xrefname.xlg.

53
II. Lm vic vi d liu ngoi (Working with External Database)
1. S l c v d liu ngoi trong AutoCAD.
Chc nng ny cho php ta lin kt cc i tng trong bn v vi mt d liu
ngoi. Ta c th to cc nhn nh km vi cc i tng. Cc nhn ny c th l cc thng
tin v i tng, cc thuc tnh i km vi i tng c cha trong file d liu.
Ta c th lm vic vi cc loi d liu ngoi sau :
- Microsoft Access.
- Vusuol Dbase.
- Dbase.
- Microsoft Excel.
- Oracle.
- Paradox
- Microsoft Visual FoxPro.
- SQL Server.

Cc khi nim c bn.

- Emvironment (mi trng) : L ci nn tt c cc thao tc trn c s d liu
chy trn n. N bao gm tt c cc c s d liu m ngi dng c th thao tc
trn n.
- Catalog (mc c) : tp hp cc i tng c chung mt thuc tnh no .
- Schema (biu ) : mt hay nhiu cc mi quan h gia mt nhm cc i
tng c lin quan n nhau.
2. Cc ch u n b cho vic k t ni c S d liu.
C rt nhiu cch kt ni vi c s d liu ngoi nh dng ...
Di y xin trnh by cch kt ni d liu ngoi qua Data Source ca Microsoft :
ODBC (Open DataBase Connectivity).
Cae b c chun b k t ni c S d li u n h sau :
- Bo m bn ci t tnh nng Database ca chng trnh AutoCAD.
- Bo m l bn c chng trnh ODBC- Data source ca Microsoft.
- nh cu hnh driver c s d liu thch hp, s ng ODBC v cc chng trnh
OLE BD.
- nh cu hnh ngun d liu t trong AutoCAD.
- Thc hin lnh dbCONNECT.
- Thit p truy cp ngi dng v mt khu. Nu h thng yu cu.
- Kt ni n ngun d liu.
- Lm vic vi Data view c cha bng d liu ca bn.
- Lin kt hny c b d liu vi i Lny Iruriy bn v CAD.
- To nhn da trn d liu trong bng v nu mun.

c i t tinh nng Database ca chng trnh AutoCAD.

bit r bn ci tinh nng ny hay cha, bn vo menu tools-> dbConnect. Nu c
ngta l bn ci t n.
Nu cha, bn cliy setup li, ri chn nt Add, trong mn lnh k tip bn chn
DataBase,
c i t ODBC.
bit r bn ci tnh nng ny hay cha, bn vo menu Start^Settings->Control
panel-> Administrative Tools. Nu c ngha l bn ci t n.

54
 Nu cha, bn c th download free n t da ch www.microsoft.com, trong mc
Microsoft ODBC Driver Pack.
inh cu hnh mt d liu ngun.
Trinh by cc cc bc to mt b d liu ngun trn OBDC. Gii thiu hai c s
d liu l Access v Excel.
inh cu Knh ngun d liu t trong AutoCAD.
Trinh by cc bc to mt kt ni trong AutoCAD trn Slide.
Thc hin lnh dbCONNECT.
Thc hin connect trong AutoCAD, quan st cc d liu trong c s d liu.
Thit lp truy cp ngi dng v mt khu. Nu h thng yu cu
Thc hin cc truy cp user v password nu data base yu cu.
Lm vic vi Data view c cha bng d liu ca bn.
Trnh by cc tinh nng thm bt, sa i v cp nht d liu kt ni.
Trnh by cc tinh nng view trong dataconnect.
Lin kt hng c S d liu vi i tng trong bn v CAD.
To nhn da trn d liu trong bng v nu mun.
3. nh cu hnh d liu cho ODBC.
Nhp p chut vo Data sources (ODBC) trong Control Panel, hp thai ODBC Data
Source Aministrator hin ln. Ta c th to mi, chnh sa cu hnh ca tng kt ni.
to mi ta n nt Add, chnh sa ta chn c s d liu cn chnh sa, n nt
configure.
n nt add, ca s Create New Data source hin ln : ___
Create New Data Source

Select a driver for which you want to sel up a data soutce.

Name V *.
Driver da Microsoft para arquivos texto .CSV) 4
I Driver do Microsoft Access (*.mdbj 4
Driver do Microsoft dBase (.dbf) 4
Driver do Microsoft Excelp.xls) 4
Driver do Microsoft Paradox (x.db ) 4
Driver para 0 Microsoft Visual FoxPro 1
Microsoft Access Driver (* mdb) 4
Microsoft Access-T reiber (*.mdb) 4
Microsoft dBase Driver (.dbf) 4 V
JD t (C D n . ; . r * J KO 1
< _ | HI

Finish Cancel
]
Chn driver m bn mun kt ni, V d nh Driver do Microsoft Accs (*.mdb)
chng hn, sau n Finish, hp thoi ODBC Microsoft Access Setup hin ln :

55
ODBC M icrosoft Access Setup S B
Data Source Name: I Sample OK

Description: I Sample Date 25-12-2004

Cancel
Database

Database: Help

!...ScE 1 Create... Repair... Compact... 1

Advanced..

System Database

None

( Database:

System Database... I
Options>>

Data Source Name : dnh tn ca c0 sd du* liu ban mun tao.

Description : m ta cO sd d liu ny.
Database : Thao tac vi c0 sd du1liu ca ban.
- Select : chon cO s dit liu c.
- Create : tao mi mot cO s d" liu.
- Repair : sa m ot cO s dCf liu c sn.
- Compact : nn mt cO s d liu.
Option : chira cac ty chon v kt ni.
Advandce:

Set Advanced O ptions

Default Authorization
OK

Login name: |Anhbinh

Cancel

Password: 1-------- ----

Help

Options
Type Value

DefaultDir A

Driver
ExtendedftnsiSQL 0
IF IL MS Access;
1ImplicitCommitSync v.|
OililO

-----------
Value of FIL |MS Access;

- Default Authorization : cha cc thng tin v user v password c quyn truy

cp vo c s d liu.

56
 - Options : bao gm cc thuc tnh ca c s d liu. Bn c th xem v chnh
sa l i chng.

4. nh cu hnh d liu trong AutoCAD.

Vo Tools -> Dbconnect (lnh dbconnect, hoc n ctrl_F6) bt ca s
DBCONNECT MANAGER. Theo mc nh ca AutoCAD trong mc Data Sources s c
sn data Jet_dbsamples.
thm mt c s d liu vo trong AutoCAD ta nhn phi chut vo Data Sources
chn Configure Data Source, c a s Configure a Data Source hin ln.

BUC onfigure a Data Source ? X

Data Source Name: Sample 1

Data Sources:

et_dbsamples

OK Cancel Help

Trong Data Source Name ta in tn ca c s d liu kt ni. Nhn OK ca s

Data Link Properties hin ln.

Provider : Chn kiu kt ni trung gian. y ta chn ODBC drivers. Sau n

Next.
Connection : Chn kt ni c sn m ta to trong mc nh cu hnh d liu cho
ODBC
- Use data source o f data : Chn tn kt ni ODBC thit lp bc trc.
- Enter information to log on to server : in y user
name v password truy nhp vo server nu c. Microsoft Data Link

- Sau test connection. Nu connect thnh cng bn s

c thng bo Test connection succeeded nh hnh
di y.

Advanced : Chn cc ty chn kt ni nh thi goan kt ni, cc ty chn v v

quyn truy cp d liu.
All : Hin th v chnh sa ton b thuc tnh ca H H i e #
kt ni c s d liu. Drawingl.dwg
B ^ Data Sources
Sau n OK, c s d liu kt ni s hin B 0 jet_dbsamples
ln trong mc Data Sources ca DBCONNECT ESI Computer
Ei Employee
MANAGER.
% ] Employees_by_Room
5. Chnh sa d liu trong AutoCAD % ] Equipment_by_Rom
H Inventory
m MSysModules
@ MSysModules2
@ Room
Sample 1
57
 '3 ' r I % ^ - m
la n u fj
Commit
HI
I Restore HIhjh

Unhide all Columns

Unfreeze all Columns
Clear all marks

Print preview...
Print...

Format...

26712 NEC

Bn c th chnh sa d liu ca c s d liu ngay trong AutoCAD (ng nhin

l nu trnh kt ni d liu cho php). Bn bt ca s DataView ln bng cch nhp p
chut tri vo bng d liu cn xem.
T bng ny bn c th chnh sa, thm bt cc bn ghi, cc trng ca mi bn
ghi.. Nhng lu l khi bn chnh sa, d liu chnh sa s khng c cp nht ngay
lp tc. Bn mun cp nht d liu chnh sa, bn nhn phi chut vo hnh mi tn bn
gc trn tri nh hnh v.
- Commit : cp nht li d liu
- Restore : Phc hi i d iu gc (khng ghi i s chnh sa)
Cc thao tc nh dng d liu cng ging ht nh trong Excel.
Cc chc nng nh dng nh find, replace, format... c th tham kho trong menu
Data View.
6. To cc mu k t ni.
Ta c th to ra cc kt ni t cc i tng trong bn v n cc [rng ca c s
d liu. Thng thng cc kt ni ny dng thng k s lng cc i tng trong
bn v lin kt vi mt trng no , v t ta bit c cc thng tin v i tng
. c c mt kt ni trc tin ta phi to ra c mu kt ni. Sau y trnh by
cc bc to ra c mt mu kt ni.
Bn c th lin kt cc i tng trong bn v vi nhiu bn ghi (record) trong c
s d liu nu mun v bn c th lin kt mt bn ghi vi nhiu i tng trong bn
v. V d bn c n gian phng, mi gian phng c t mt n 2 in thoi, v bn c mt
bng cc s in thoi. Bn c th gn mi mt ci in thoi (trong bn v) vi mt
trng ca d liu s in thoi va bn. Nu mt phng c 2 in thoi nhng chung
mt dy th bn c th gn c hai cho mt s
Mau lin kt - link template - gip AutoCAD nhn bit c trng no trong c s
d liu s c ly ra lin kt vi cc i tng trong bn v.
Cc bc to mt mu lin kt nh sau :
- Chn t menu
DBConnect-^Template -^New Link Template
Select a table lo use for the new link template:
(nu c mt bng c m sn, bn c
th chn nt nh new Link Template trong Qf A

ca s Dbconnect).
EU Computer
I P Employee
% | Employees_by_R
%3 Equipment_by_R
m Inventory itinue.
m MSysModues
EH MSysModues2 Cancel
Room
V

58 > I Help I
 - Nu bn cha m mt bng d liu no, AutoCAD s m hp thoi Select Data
Object. Chn mt bng v click nt Continue.

Trong hp vn bn New Template Name ca hp thoi New Link Template, bn

nh tn ca mu lin kt vo. Nu bn c mt mu lin kt trc , bn
mun s dng n m c s cho mt mu mi, bn chn n t trong danh sch
th xung Start With Template. Click Continue._____________________________
0U Link Template

T em plate nam e: Com puter Linkl

T able: Compute!

iet_dbsam ples... Computer

S e le c t o n e field to s e tv e a s yout k ey field. This field should b e

a un iq u e field, a n d its valu e will identify a single reco rd in the
table. In u n u su al c a s e s , yo u may n e e d to c h o o s e more th an
o n e field.

Key Fields:

R T agLN um ber Integer

n M anufacturer C haracter Varying 50
n Equipm ent_D escription C haracter Varying 75

n ltem _Type
Room
C haracter Varying
C haracter Varying 5
75

[ OK J C rc e l H elp

ffal New Link Template I ? |fx~|

Before you can establish links belw eer fable

records and graphical objects, you must first create
a link template. Link templates identify what fields
from a table are associated with the links that share
that template.

New link template name:

Computer Linkl

Start with template:

pnone - V

I Continue I I Cancel I I Help

- Trong hp thoi Link Template, chn hp kim ca mt trng kha (key Field).
Nu trng kha ca bn chn c cc hng trng nhau bt k, bn s phi
chn thm mt trnq kha th hai.
- Click OK. AutoCAD co cho bn mt mu lin kt. Bn c th quan st thy
mu lin kt ca bn trong ca s DBconnect bn di bn v hin hnh.
Lu : khi chn trng kha, bn nn chn trng kha khng c bt k mt hng
no trng nhau. Nu c hng trng nhau, AutoCAD s ly gi tr ca hng no n tm thy
trc, cn tt c cc hng sau n s b qua. Nh vy vic chn trng kha l rt quan
trong. Nu chn trng kha khng duy nht, bn s c th b st d liu.
sa li mu lin k t : chn menu DBConnect^Templates->Edit link Template.
Trong hp thoi Select a Database Object, chn mt mu lin kt m bn mun sa. Cc
bc cn li nh to mt mu lin kt.
Xa mu lin k t : DBConnect-}Temp]ates->Delete link Template. Sau trong hp
thoi Select a Database Object, chn mt mu lin k t m bn mun xa.

59
 7. To, hiu chnh v xa cc k t ni.
Cc bc to mt kt ni nh sau :
- M ca s Data View c mt mu lin kt c nh ngha v chn m t mu
lin kt to trong danh sch th xung Select a Link Template pha trn ca
ca s.
- Chn m t hoc nhiu bn ghi m bn mun lin kt vi bn v.
- Chn menu Dato View -Link and Label Setting -Create Links.
- Chn menu Data View->Link!
- Chn mt hoc nhiu i tng m bn mun kin kt vi bn ghi va chn
trong c s d liu.
- K t thc chn i tng AutoCAD s a ra thng k trn dng lnh command
v d nh : 1 record(s) linked with 1 object (s). By gi bn c mt lin kt
gia d liu v bn v.
Cc bc hiu chnh mt kt ni nh sau :
- Chn t menu Dbconnect-Links-Link Manager m Link Manager. Sau
bn chn mt i tng m bn mun hiu chnh, (hoc bn c th chn i
tng t trong bn v, ri bm phi chut, chn Link-^Link Manager).
- Trong ct Value, nhp gi tr mi m bn mun hiu chnh.
Cc bc xa mt kt ni nh sau :
- Chn t menu Dbconnect->Links->Lirtk Repeat dbConnect
Manager m Link Manager. Sau bn Cut
chn mt i tng m bn mun xa lin Copy

kt. (hoc bn c th chn i tng t Copy with Base Point

Paste
trong bn v, ri bm phi chut, chn Paste as Block
Link->Link Manager). Paste to Original Coordinates

- Sau bn chn cc i bn ghi m bn Erase

mun xa, n nt delete. Move

Copy Selection
Ngoi ra bn cng c th xut thng tin kt ni, Scale
to thnh mt dnh sch cc bn ghi lin kt vi i Rotate
tng cn xut. Draw Order
---------------------------------------------------- J
- Chn dbConnect -Links -Export Links. Links 131
1'^ D e le te Links
- Select objects : chn i tng m bn 1 1
Deselect All
mun xut thng tin lin kt.
- Trong mc Include Fields bn chn cc Quick Select...
Find...
trng bn mun xut. Properties
- Trong danh sch save as type (AutoCAD cho
bn 3 kiu file nh trong phn xut thng tin thuc tnh ca khi ni trong
mc trc)
- t tn file ri n nt save.
8. Quan st cc k t ni.
Bn cng c th quan st li cc kt ni to. C 2 kiu quan st kt ni :
- Quan st cc i tng kt ni (View Linked Objects).
- Quan st cc bn ghi kt ni (View Linked Records).
AutoCAD t ng chn cc i tng lin kt khi bn chn mt hng, bn chn
Data View->Autoview Linked Objects.
AutoCAD t ng chn cc hng lin kt khi bn chn i tng trn bn v,
bn chn Data View-> Autoview Linked Objects.
Cc ty bin trong hin th cc lin kt (Data View ->Option):

60
 - AutoPan v Autozoom hin th cc i tng c chn mt cch t ng.
Ta cng c th hiu chnh t l zoom factor (tnh theo n v %). T l ny mc
nh l 50% c ngha l vng cha cc i tng = 50% vng ta quan st trong
bn V.
- Record Indication Record (show all records hoc select indicated records) hiu
chnh ch hin th cc bn ghi lin kt hay hin tt c cc bn ghi ca bng v
cc bn ghi in kt s c nh du theo mu c chn mc Mark
Indicated Records.
ff Data View and Query Options { ? X

AutoPan and Zoom Record Indication Settings

[ | Automatically pan drawing Show only indicated records

Automatically zoom drawing

O Show all records, select indicated records
0 Mark Indicated records
Zoom factor
Yellow Marking Color

Query Options Accumulate Options

I~1 Send as native SQL 1 1Accumulate selection set in drawing

1 1Automatically Store 1 1Accumulate record set in data view

OK | Cancel Help

9. To mu nhn.
Ta cng c th to cc thng tin nh km vi cc i tng trong bn v. Cc thng
tin ny s bn dnh ly i tng trong bn v (hoc khng bm dnh ly i tng trong
bn v ty theo tnh nng m ta chn). Nu l gn dnh th khi ta dch chuyn i tng
lin kt th cc thng tin ny cng di chuyn theo. Ngi ta gi cc thng tin ny l cc
nhn (Label).
to c cc nhn (label), u tin ta phi to c cc mu nhn (Label
Template). Sau y trnh by cc b c to c mt mu nhn.
- Chn t menu dbConnect>Tempiates>New Label Template.
- Hp thoi Select a Database Object, chn mu lin kt s dng lm mu
nhn. Click continue.
- Hp thoi New Label Template. Nhp tn mu nhn trong hp vn bn New
Label Template Name. Nu bn c sn mt mu nhn, bn mun s dng n
m c s cho mu nhn mi, chn t danh sch th xung Start with Template.
Click contine.

61
 ffH New Label Tem plate

n order to work with labels, you must first create a

abel template that defines what fields from the
database table are displayed in the label and how
the label text is formatted

Mew label template name:

- , ' \

Start with templ>:

V

!
1 Continue Cancel Help

Cad s m hp thoi Label Template nh hp thoi Multiline Text Editor. Bn

c th nh dng vn bn nh
trong Multiline Text Editor.
Trn Tab Label Fields, chn mt
trng m bn mun xut hin
trn nhn t danh sch th xurtg
Field List, sau kch nt Add.
Nu mun add thm trng vo
nhn bn lp li cc bc trn.
Trn Tab Label Offset, chn kiu
canh trong hp start. Nhp di X v Y trong hp Leader offset quy nh
khong cch gia im u ca mi tn nh dng v im chn ca vn bn
(mu khong cch ny qu b gn mi tn th mi tn s b bin mt). Nhp
di X v Y trong hp Tip offset quy nh khong cch t im u ca mi
tn n im chn ca cui mi tn trn i tng gn dnh.
BU Label Template - ComputerLabeM

Character Poperties Find/Replace Label Fields Label Offset OK

Start: -* Middle Center MC V Leadei o iset X :[T 0 ] Y :[T 0 ] Tip offset X: [ 0 0 ] Y: [ 0 0 ] Cancel

I importText-
tt(Tag_N unber)
I Help
#(M anufacturer)

Modify label offset. Ln 3 Col 1 momm

Hiu chnh mt mu nhn :

- Chn t menu dbConnect -Template ->Edit Label Template.
- Chn mu nhn m bn mun hiu chnh trong hp thoi Seect a Database
Object.

Xa mt mu nhn :
- Chn t menu dbConnect -Template -Delete Label Template.
- Chn mu nhn m bn mun xa trong hp thoi Select a Database Object.

10. To nhn.

62
 Phn loi nhn :
- Nhn t do (attached Label): l nhn khnq i km vi mt i tnq no ca
AutoCAD. ' , ' '
- Nhn gn dnh (Freestanding Label): nhn nh km vi mt i tng no
. Khi ta dch chuyn i tng lin kt, nhn gn dnh cng di chuyn theo.
Cc bc to mt nhn nh km :
- M ca s Data View c mt mu lin k t v mt mhn in kt c nh
ngha v chn mt mu nhn to trong danh sch th xung Select a Labei
Template pha trn co ca s.
- Chn m t hoc nhiu bn ghi m bn mun m nhn gn vi cc i tng
trong bn v.
- Chn menu Data View->Link and Label Setting-Create Attached Labei.
- Chn menu Data View-Link!
- Chn mt hoc nhiu i tng m bn mun gn nhn ca bn vo.
Cc bc to mt nhn t do :
- M ca s Data View c mt mu Hn kt v mt mhn lin kt c nh
ngha v chn mt mu nhn to trong danh sch th xung Select a Label
Template pha trn ca ca s.
- Chn mt hoc nhiu bn ghi m bn mun lm nhn gn vi cc i tng
trong bn v.
- Chn menu Data View->Link and Label Setting -Create Freestanding Label.
- Chn menu Data View -Link!
- Chn mt hoc nhiu i tng m bn mun gn nhn ca bn vo.

Mun xa nhn ta chn nhn cn xa t bn v, nhn nt delete trn bn phm.

11. s dng query truy tm d liu
Bn c th truy tm d liu bng cc s dng ngn ng SQL. SQL l ngn ng c
s dng bu ht trong tt c cc c s d liu tinh chnh v ly cc thng tin t c s
d liu. Bn c th s dng query lm nhng vic sau :
- Xem mt tp con ca mt c s d liu.
- Ly d liu t cc bng khc nhau ca c s d liu.
- To mt tp chn t hp thoi Link Select.
M hp thoi Query Editor, bn thc hin qua cc bc sau :
- Menu dbConnect-^Queries ->New Query on a link Template.
- Chn mu nhn bn mun s dng trong hp thoi Select a DataBase Object.
Click continue.
- nh tn Query bn mun to trong hp New Query Name (bn c th chn mt
query c sn nu c lm c s trong danh sch th xung Existing query names).

AutoCAD cho php ta s dng mt s m hnh SQL sau :

11.1. s dng Quick Query

63
[fa| Q uery Editor -- C om puterQ ueryl SB
Query for records in table: Computer

Quick Query Range Query || Queiy Builder || SQL Quciy|

Execute
Field:
Tag_N umber Operator: = Equal Close
Manufacturer
Equipment_D escription
ltem_Type Value: Help
Room
Look up values

Store

0 Indicate records in data view

0 Indicate objects in drawing

Options..

Gii thch :
- Look up values : nu bn khng nh r gi tr ca trng bn c th nhn vo
nt ny xem trc cc gi tr ca trng.
- Indicate records in data view : nu c chn th tt c cc bn ghi c chn
khi thi hnh query s c hin th trn data view.
- Indicate Objects in drawing : nu c chn th tt c cc objects lin kt vi
cc bn ghi c chn khi thi hnh cng s c chn theo [rn bn v.
- Score : lu li query.
- Execute : thi hnh query.
11.2. s dng Range Query

ffaj Query Editor ComputerQueryl

Query for records in table: Computer

Quick Query Range Query Query Builder SQL Query

Execute
Field:
T aa_Number From: 9571 Close
Manufacturer
Equipment_D escription
ltem_Type Look up values H elp
Room
Through: 26174

Look up values

Store

Indicate records in data view

0 Indicate objects in drawing

Options..

Dng truy tm d liu c gi tr t From n gi tr Through.

64
 a. s dung Range Query
BH Query Editor Com puterQueryl

Query for records in (able: Computer

Quick Query Range Query I Query Builder SQL Query

Execute
Field Operator Value Logical
( Taq_Number >= Greater than or equa 9571 And Close
Tag_Number <= Less than or equal 26174 ) Or
( Manufacturer > Greater than CISCO n
Help

< mi 1 >

Fields in table: Show fields: Add Sort by: I Add) 1A T j

T ag_N umber Equipment_D escription
Manufacturer ltem_Type
Room Store
ltem_Type TagLN umber
Room

0 Indicate records in data view 0 Indicate objects in drawing Options..

Nhm ngoc n gip bn nhm cc nhm iu kin li thnh mt nhm (nh cc

php ton logic thng thng).
Fields in table : cc trng c trong bng c chn.
Show fields : cc trng s c hin th sau khi thc hin truy vn.
Sort by : trng s c ch nh sp xp.
1 1 .3 . s dng Range Query
ffaj Query Editor ComputerQueryl BB

Quick Query Range Query Query Builder SQL Query

______________________

LI
e
-
;
- II

:;S C .-A -,

..3

"m

Bn c th s dng ngn ng SQL vit cc truy vn theo mnh. Nt check s

gip bn kim tra c php ca mnh
11.4. s dng Link Select
Link select cho php tao to ra mt tp chn s dng query.

65
 Cc bc to mt tp chn Link Select :

ffaj Link Select - Drawingl

Do:

Using:
Select

Computer Linkl
V

V
Use Query

o Select in Drawing <

o
Quick Query Range Query Query Builder

Execute
Field:
Operator: > Greater than
Manufacturer
Equipment_D escription Reset
ltem_Type Value: 24857
Room Cancel
Look up values

Help

0 Indicate records in data view

0 Indicate objects in drawing Finish

Drawing: Drawingl Objects: 0

Table: et_dbsamples... Computer Records: 0

- Ban u, ta chn trong menu xung Do la chn select.

- To ra mt tp chn u tin ri nhn Execute.
- Sau ta li chn trong menu xung Do cc php ton logic.
- To ra cc tp chn th hai bng cch nhn Execute.
III. Lm vic vi Raster Image
1. Tng quan
Bn c th chn cc nh scan (scanned Images) v nh k thut s (digital
photographs) vo bn v. v bn cht, cc nh chn ny l tp hp cc im nh (Pixels),
cn cc i tng (Object) trong AutoCAD l cc vector. Do vy cc nh chn s c kch
thc ln v nng hn cc i tng ca CAD. CAD cho php bn c th zoom, pan cng
nh in n bn v cha Images.
2. Chn nh (inserting images
chn nh, ta chn insert-^ Raster image*^ chn file v ng dn ti n.

66
 H lI Image

Name: Snap5 Browse...

z [
Found in: C:\Documents and Settings\Tran Anh Binh\Snap5.bmp
Saved path: C:\Documents and Settings\Tran Anh Binh\Snap5.bmp

Path type
Full p ath

Insertion point Scale Rotation

0 Specify on-screen 0 Specify on-screen n Specify on-screen

X: Angle: 0

Y:

Z:

3. Qun l hnh nh (Managing images)

Chn Insert->Image Manager m hp thoi Image Manager

fH3 Image Manager H B

Image Name Status Size Type Date Saved Path Attach..

Loaded 1MB BMP 1/4/2006... C:\Documenls c
Detach

Reload

Unload

< > Details.

Image found at
CADocuments and Settings\T tan Anh Binh\Snap5.bmp Browse... Save Path

OK Cancel Help

- Attach inserts an image, opening the Image dialog box

- Detach erases the image from your drawing and deletes all reference to it in
the drawing database.
- Reload redisplays an image after you have unloaded it.
- Unload removes the display of the image but retains the reference to it. Later, you
can reload the image to redisplay it.
- Details provides you with a preview, as well as information about the image, its
path, and its size.
4. C t xn nh (Clipping images)
M c ch : i khi ta khng cn hin th tt c hnh nh, ta ch cn hin th mt
phn cu hnh nh. Vic xn bt hnh nh s lm cho bn v nh hn, tng tc zoom
v pan cho bn v.
Cch lm : Modify->Clip->Image

67
 5. iu khin s hin th (Controlling image display)
5.1. iu khin hin th
Chn Modify->Obect->Image (hoc lnh IMAGEADJUST)
ffH Image Adjust [? J ><
B rightness Snap5

D ark Light 14

C ontfast w a t m
Low H igh 80

Fade

Min M ax

R eset OK C an c el Help

5.2. Cht lng nh (Image quality)

Chn Modify->Object->Image->Quality (hoc lnh IMAGEQUALITY)
Lnh ny c tc dng cho tt c cc nh c trn bn v, chn High_Quality s lm
cho bn v chm hn. v i la chn ny CAD s chuyn ch in sang high quality
5.3. Image transparency
Chuyn ch qun l nh t pixel sang ch nh nn. Modify-> Object->
mage-> Transparency. M c nh l OFF, bt ch ny, bn chuyn sang ON.
5.4. B t tt ng bao ca nh (Image frame)
Khi b'n tt ch ng bao ca nh, bn s khng th chn c nh na.
bt tt ch ny bn chn : Modify->ObjectHMmage->Frame
IV.Pasting, Linking, and Embedding Objects
Phn ny chng ta s nghin cu s chia s d liu d AutoCAD v cc ng dng
khc.
Bn c th chn d liu (Text or Image) t cc ng dng ngoi bng cc phng
php sau :
- Embed : i tng c chn vo bn v s c kh nng tr v chng trnh
ngun khi bn mun Edit chng. Ngha l khi bn double-click vo i tng ,
chng trnh ngun s c m ra v bn c th chnh sa chng.
- Paste : i tng (objects) s c chn vo bn v, s dng khi bn khng
mun lin kt vi chng trnh ngun. Thng c s dng khi bn ch mun
hin th chng m khng cn chnh sa, hoc nhng i tng c th c
chnh sa bng AutoCAD
- Link : i tng (objects) c chn vo bn v di dng ng link. CAD
khng lu object m ch lu ng dn ti file cha Object . Khi file ngun b
thay i th s thay i s c update vo trong AutoCAD file.
T t c cc la chn Pasting, Linking, and Embedding Objects u nm trong mc
Option ca Paste special. Link v Embedding ging nh OLE (Object Linking and
Embedding)
1. Embedding objects into AutoCAD
Cch 1

68
 - TAutoCAD, chn inertC'OLE Object m insert Object dialog box (hoc c
th bng lnh INSERTOBJ). (The entries listed in this dialog box depend on the
applications you have installed on your computer.)
- To file mi, chn Create New -> ng dng s c m ra ->bn to d liu
mi sau khi kt thc choose FileoUpdate t ng dng . Sau ng ng dng
li quay li vi AutoCAD.
- Bn c th chn an existing file, chn Create From File. Click Browse tm file
cn chn. Click Open. Chn Link link the data (described in the next section of
this chapter). Chn OK. AutoCAD t file top-left comer
Cch 2
- Chn ng dng ngun, Chn copy
- Chuyn sang CAD, chn Edit->Pates special -> chn embedding.
Cch 3
- Bn ng dng ngun v Autocad
- nh du phn d liu mun chn vo trong CAD, gi Ctrl_drag vo trong
CAD.
OLE objects c m t s n h c im sau :
- Nu chng cha tham kho ngoi hoc block th chng s khng c hin th
v khng c in ra.
- Trong mt s trng hp, OLE objects c th bin ra bng my in h thng m
khng qua iu khin in ca AutoCAD.
- OLE objects khng b xoay cng vi bn v khi bn s dng Plot rotation. Tuy
nhin bn c th xoay OLE objects bng cch iu chnh Lanscape setting trong
my in h thng (the windows system printer)
2. Linking data
Cch lm :
- Chn ng dng ngun, Chn copy
- Chuyn sang CAD, chn Edit->Pates special-> chn link
Lu :
- Khi bn m file CAD c cha ng link, CAD s cho bn la chn Update file
link c trong bn v.
- Tuy nhin bn cng c th iu khin Update trong lc ang m bn v bng
cch vo insert->01e links.
Links r? |(x i

Links: Type Update Cancel

[F:\...\Cad Nang Cao.doclOLE LINK1 Document Automatic
Update Now

Open Source

Change Source...

Break Link

Source: F:\..ABM\AutoCad\Cad Nang Cao.doc!OLE_UNK1

Type: MCfosoft 0 ffice Word Document

Update: Automatic o Manual

69
 - Trong qu trnh lm vic, ai thay i ng dn file link ca bn, bn c th
break link v change source.
3. Pasting data into AutoCAD
M ng dng->copy
M CAD->Edit->pate special-> List hin ra ph thuc vo ng dng ngun.

70
 C h n g 4 : TY BIN TRONG AUTOCAD (9 ti t)
I. Cc i tng shape. (1 tit)
1. Khi nim v Shape.
Shape l mt object (i tng) c s dng nh l mt block. Shape cha cc i
tng nh dng thng, cung trn c nh ngha trong file .SHP, l file dng vn bn
ASSCII. s dng c trong bn v cc file ny phi c bin dch thnh cc file
.SHX bng lnh Compile trong AutoCAD. Sau , s dng lnh Load ti file .SHX vo
bn v, dng lnh Shape chn cc shape vo bn v (nh l s dng lnh insert khi
chn block). Ta cng c th nh r t l, gc quay cho mi ln chn shape vo bn v.
Ngoi ra, shape cn c d dng to cc font ch, to cc dng ng phc tp.
Block linh hot hn v d s dng hn shape. Tuy nhin cc shape li hiu qu hn
trong vic lu tr v v. N c ti nhanh hn so vi block v rt c ch khi bn v qu
ln v khi tc l quan trng.
Bn cng c th ti file Shape vo trong AutoCAD bng lnh load, hoc g b n
khi AutoCAD bng lnh Purge.

HSelect Shape File

Look in: Q Support * g X 3 Views T oojs

Name Size Type Date Modified

^ Color File Folder 10/2/2004 6:02 fi
Help File Folder 10/2/2004 6:03 (5
_ ) Profiles File Folder 10/2/2004 6:03 0
1Register edTools File Folder 10/2/2004 6:03 p
.^IToolPalette File Folder 10/2/2004 6:03 fi
gdt.shx 5 KB AutoCAD Compiled ... 11/19/1996 5:38
jD Itypeshp.shx 1 KB AutoCAD Compiled ... 11/19/1996 5:38
Ib3 simplex.shx 18 KB AutoCAD Compiled ... 6/23/2003 6:26 fi

< 1 >

File name: V Open IH

Shape Fonts f.shx) V Cancel

:igure 1: Load shape file

71
 BU P urg e

View items you can purge

O View items you cannot purge

Items not used in drawing:

B CP A ll items
IS S^Jl Blocks
IS A Dimension styles
S ^ Layers
Jrl Linetypes
Mline styles
|| Plot styles
T i Shapes
H Table styles
IS Text styles

0 Confirm each item to be purged

1 I Purge nested items

Purge I Purge 11 Close Help

"igure 2 : Purge shape files

Chn file shape cn g b sau n Purge.
ng dng ca Shape :
- Dng tp cc font ch.
- Dng tao ra cc dng ng phc tp.
- Ngoi ra Shape cn c s dng nh Block.
Cch to ra cc Shape : chng ta nh ngha cc Shape trong file .SHP. Sau y trnh
by cch m t mt Shape.
2. Cch m t shape trong file .SHP.
Cc shape trong AutoCAD c m t c th trong file .SHP v cc file c bin
dch l .SHX. Ta c th s dng text editor hoc word processor to mi hoc sa cc
shape trong shape file c v lu li thnh file c phn m rng l .SHP di dng in ASCII
format.
Mi file trong shape c m t bng nhiu dng, midng cha ti a 128k t,
nhng dng di hn s khng c bin dch. Cc dng chthchbt u bng du chm
phy. AutoCAD s t ng b i cc dng trng v chui k t bn phi du chm phy.
C php m t mt shape trong file shape nh sau :
*shapenumber,defbytes,shcipename
specbytel ,specbyte2,specbyte3,...,0
- : du sao quy nh bt u m t mt Shape mi.
- Shapenumber : s nh danh ca shape
- Defbytes : s lng cc byte m t ca shape
- Shapename : Tn ca shape
- Dng tip theo l cc bye m t (specbyte) shape, mi byte ngn cch nhau mt
du phy. V kt thc bng s 0.

72
Shapenumber
L s nguyn c gi tr t 1 n 255 (i khi ti 32768 i vi cc shape file dng
to font Unicode), s nguyn ny phi l duy nht, s nh danh ca 2 shape bt k trong
cng mt file khng c trng nliau.
Defbytes
S lng cc byte m t shape (S lng cc specbyte) bao gm c s 0 sau cng.
Mt shape c ti a 2000 byte m t.
shapename
Tn ca shape bt buc phi l ch hoa. Tn cha k t thng s b b qua v
thng c s dng lm nhn cho font shape.
Specbyte
Byte m t. Bye ny c biu din di dng s thp phn hoc s thp lc. Nu
s u tin l s 0 th hai ch s tip theo s l gi tr thp lc. C hai loi byte m t.
- M vector (Vector Length and Direction Code)
- M c bit (Special Codes)
Nghin cu c th tng loi Specbyte :
2.1. Vector Length and Direction Code (m vector).
Mt byte m t (Specbyte) n gin cha cc di cc vector v hng ca chng
c s ha trong mt bye. Mi m vector l mt chui
bao gm 3 k t.
K t u tin phi l s 0, do 2 k t tip theo
biu din s thp lc phn.
K t th hai biu din chiu di vector. Gi tr t 1
(n v chiu di) n F (15 n v chiu di).
K t th ba biu din hng ca vector. Gi tr t
1 (n v chiu di) n F (15 n v chiu di). Hnh sau
y minh ha hng c s ha.
Ch : Cc vector ny u c di l 1 n v.
V d sau xy dng mt shape c tn l DBOX vi
s nh danh l 230.
*230,6,DBOX
014,010,01C,018,012,0
Dng trnh son tho NotePad to mt file vn bn c ni dung nh trn, sau ghi
li vi tn l dbox.shp. s dng lnh Compile trong AutoCAD bin dch thnh file
dbox.shx. s dng lnh Load ti file dbox.shx vo trong AutoCAD. Sau s dng
lnh shape nh sau :
Command: shape
Enter shape name or [?]: dbox
Specify insertion point: 1,1
Specify height <current>: 2 010 -

Specify rotation angle <current>: 0

Kt qu l ta v c hnh sau :
Trnh t v c miu t trn hnh v. im bt u v
c ta d (1,1). Trnh t v : 014,010,01C,018,012. s 0 sau
cng kt thc chui m t.
2.2. Special Codes (m c bit)
Cc m c bit dng to cc hnh dng c bit. Mi m t c bit l mt
chui 3 k t :

73
 K t u tin phi l s khng.
K t th hai phi l s khng.
K t ba xc nh chc nng (miu t trong bng lit k). Gi tr thp lc phn nhp
vo t 1 n F (15).
Ch : cc m vn c th vit di dng thp lc phn hoc thp phn. VD 008 hay
8 u c ngha nh nhau. Di y trnh by m thp lc phn :

M thp lc ngha
phn
000 K t thc chui m t shape
001 Chuyn qua cc ch v
002 T t ch v, chuyn qua ch di chuyn bt v
003 Theo sau m 003 l mt byte c gi tr t 1..255 xc nh t l
v mi. Chiu di ca cc vector theo sau m 003 s c chia cho
t l ny to ra chiu di thc trn mn hnh AutoCAD
004 Theo sau m 004 l mt byte c gi tr t 1..255 xc nh t l
v mi. Chiu di ca cc vector theo sau m 004 s c nhn cho
t l ny to ra chiu di thc trn mn hnh AutoCAD
005 LU tr v tr hin ti vo trong ngn xp
006 Ly v tr v c u trc o ra khingn xp
007 M t subshape, s lng cc subshape s c m t trong
byte k tip sau m ny
008 V vector vi chiu di v hng bt k. Hai byte theo sau
m ny quy nh di X v y.
00A V lin tip cc cung 45. Hai byte theo saun xc nh bn
knh, s l ng v chiu di ca cc cung ny.
00B V cung trn bt k. Nm byte theo sau m 00B s miu t
cung trn c v.
ooc V cung trn da vo h s cong.
00D V lin tip cc cung trn da vo h s cong.
00E s dng khi m t font ch. (s ni k trong phn sau)

Sau y ta xt chi tit vic s dng cc m c bit.

M 000 : K t thc chui m t.

Sau m 000 nh du kt thc chui m t ca mt shape. Ch sau s 0 phi n
enter.

M 001 v 002 : Bt tt ch v.
001 : b t ch c v (dfaut in shape description). Cc m m tk tip m 001 s
c v trn mn hnh.
002 : T t ch v. Cc m m t sau m 002 s khng c v ln mn hnh.
Nhng con tr v (bt v) vn di chuyn theo cc m m t sau n.
V d : nh don m sau vo file example.shp ri dch thnh file .shx c ni dung
nh sau :
*232,2,DBOX2
044,040,04C,048,002,012,001,024,020,02C,028,0

Chng trnh s thc hin nh sau :

- 4 byte u 044,040,04C,048 s v mt hnh vung di cnh l 4 n v.

74
 - 3 byte tip theo 002,012,001 : s tt ch v, chuyn sang ch di chuyn.
Di chuyn mt on 012 sau li bt ch v.
- 4 byte k tip 024,020,02C,028 v hnh vung cnh l 2 n v.

M 003 v 004 : Thay i t l v.

Theo sau hai m ny l mt s nguyn t 1-255, quy nh t l v.
Nu l m 003 th t l v s c chia cho s ng sau n.
Nu l m 004 th t l v s c nhn vi s ng sau n.
V d : 004,10 : Cc nt v tip sau n s c di bng di m m t nhn vi
10.

V d : Ta cng v hnh DBOX2 trn nhng s dng m thay i t ]:

Ta gi hnh ny l DBOX22, on m m t DBOX22 nh sau.
*233,12,DBOX22
(* V hnh v tip tc on m y ch th hin Ly li t l *)

M 005 v 006 : LU v phc hi vi tri ca con tr trong stack.

M 005 y ta con tr v vo stack (ngn xp) v m 006 ly ta ra khi stack
v gn n cho ta con tr hin hnh (ni cch khc l phc hi vi tr con tr 1 11 trong
stack).
Ngn xp ti a ch lu tr c 4 vi tr. Nu lu tr qu kh nng ca n AutoCAD
s thng trn stack : Position stack overflow in shape nnn
Nu stack ang rng, ta c tnh dng 006 ly ta ra khi stack. Khi v shape ny
AutoCAD s thng bo Position stack underflow in shape nnn.
vt d : Ta v hnh DBOX2 nhng c s dng code 005 v 006 nh sau :
( V hnh m t )

M 007 : M t subshape
M 007 ch yu dng to font ch. Ta s nghin cu m ny trong phn to font
ch.

M 008 v 009 : dich chuyn theo phng X v Y

Thng thng m vector ch cho php ta v c trong 16 hng inh sn vi di
ti a l 15 n vi. Ta dng m ny v nhanh chng cc shape n
gin, nhng khng th dng to cc shape phc tp. v i m i
008,009 bn c th v vector c di v hng khng gii hn,
bng cch s dng dich chuyn X,Y ( dich chuyn tng i so
vi im m con tr v ang ng).
Then sau m 008 l 2 byte quy inh i X,Y vi rlng sa :
008,X-dispacement,Y-displacement
di X-displacement,Y-displacement c gi tri trong khong A B c 0 E

-128 n +127. Du (+) l khng bt buc. Chng ta cng c th s

dng du ngoc n cho d c v d kim sot :
008,(X-displacement,Y-dispacement)

V d : (-10,3) m t vector hng v tri 10 n vi v hng ln

trn 3 n vi.

75
 Khc vi m 008 chi v mt vector, m 009 v lin tip cc vector. Theo sau m 009 l
cc cp byte quy inh di (X,Y) v du hiu nhn bit kt thc m 009 l cp byte
( 0 ,0 ).
V d : 009,(3,1),(3,2),(2,-3),(0,0) v lin tip ba vector c di tng (3,1),(3,2),(2,-
3).

M 00A : v cung trn 45 .

Theo sau m 00A l 2 byte inh ngha mt cung trn 45 (bng 1/8 ng trn), cc
cung c nh tli t t 0 n 7 tnh theo vi tr u ca cung.

M m t cung trn nh sau :

10,radius,(-)OSC
Bn kinh (radius) c gi t t 1 n 255.
Byte th 2 (-)OSC m t :
- Du (-) quy inh h n g v ca cung trn (v ngc
chiu kim ng h nu l dng, theo chiu kim ng
h nu l m).
- 0 : Lun lun l 0, quy .inli cc k t sau n l h thp
lc phn.
- c : S lng cc cung trn 45. c gi tri t 0 n 7.
Nu l 0 th AutoCAD s v c vng trn (8 cung 45)
bn kinh radius.
5 6 7
M 00B : v cung trn bt k.
M 00B cho php v mt cung trn bt k, khng nht thit phi bt u bng cc vi tri
inh trc nh m 00A.
OOB,start_offset,end_offset,high_radius, radius, (-)OSC
Start_offset: Biu din di ca cung trn so vi im bt u v c quy inh
trc trong m 00A (c nh s t 0-7). Gi tri ca start_offset c tinh bng cch ly
gi tri ca gc hp bi im bt u v cung theo 00B v im bt u v cung theo 00A
nhn vi 256 v chia cho 45. hay
start_offset = s o gc * 256/45.
End_offset : Biu din di ca im cui cung trn so vi im 1/8 ng trn
tng ng. Gi tri ca end_offset cng c tnh tng t nh start_offset
Radius : bn kinh ca cung trn (t 1 n 255 n vi ).
High-radius : c gi t 0 n 255. s dng khi mun v cung trn c bn kinh ln hn
255 n vi. Cch tnh nh sau : Bn kinh = High-radius*256+Radius.
(-)OSC : M t nh 00A. Dng xc inh cc gi t start_offset v end_offset

M ooc v 00D : v ch plinh ra hoc cc cung trn c bit.

v i cc m ooc v 00D ta c th v c cc cung trn c hnh dng bt k bng cch

s dng h s cong ca cung trn. M ooc v mt cung trn, m OOD v nhiu cung trn
lin tip nliau.
Theo sau m ooc l 3 byte m t cung trn nh sau :
OOC,X-displacement,Y-displacement,Bulge
X-displacement,Y-dispIacement : di ca im cui ca cung trn (Ta tng
i ca im cui so vi im u) c gi tri t -127 n +127.
Bulge : H s xc inh cong ca cung trn, c gi tri t
-127 n 127. Cch tinh nh sau : Bulge=(2*H/D)*127.

76
 - D : Chiu di dy cung.
- H : Chiu cao ca cung
- Du (-) v theo chiu kim ng h. Du (+) hoc khng c du th v ngc chiu
kim ng h.

Nu m ooc ch v mt cung trn th m 00D v lin tip cc cung trn. Theo sau m
00D l cc cp byte m t cung trn c v v kt thc OOD bng mt cp byte (0,0).
Vi d :
' OOD,(0,5,127),(0,5,0),(0,5,-127),(0,0)
(0,5,0) m t mt ng thng c di bng 5 n vi.

M 00E : M t font ch theo phng thng ng.

Ta s nghin cu m ny trong phn sau.
II. To font ch
Hin nay AutoCAD cho php ta s dng 3 loi font ch. Font ch h thng (system
font), phong ch s dng shape (shape font) v big font.
Font h thng :
- Cu to : Gm cc vector bin, v gia c t bng thut ton fill
- u im : system font p hn cc font khc.
- Nhc im : Do system font c nhng vng t nn nng hn cc font khc. Tc
ti sinh (render, pan, zoom) s rt chm.

AnABC
Shape fo n t:
- Cu to bi cc shape trong c m t trong file .SHP.
- u im : V cc k t trong font u l cc shape nn c ti nhanh hn, tc
render c ci thin ng k nht l i vi cc bn v ln.
- Nhc im : Khng p lm.

Big font
Cu to :bi cc shape. Tuy nhin n c th l phn ni di ca cc shape font ni
trn. Shape font c cha ti a 255 k l cn big font c th cha n 65535 k t.
1. To font ch SHX.
Font ch SHX c to ra v s dng trong AutoCAD. Mi k t ca font l mt
shape c m t trong file shape. Trong shape number chnh l m ascii ca k t
(t 0 n 255).
phn bit vi cc shape file khc, cc font ch phi c dng m t u tin nh
sa u :
*0,4,font-name
above,below,modes ,0

Font-name : Tn font ch
Above : Khong cch gia ng top v ng Baseline
Below : Khong cch gia ng Bottom v ng Baseline.
Modes
- 0 : Ch vit theo phng nm ngang.
- 1 : Ch vit theo phng thng ng.

77
 - 2 : Ch vit c theo c hai phng nm ngang v thng ng.

(v hnh minh ha vo y)

To mt v d minh ha font ch bao gm ch ABC. C th ly mt file font shape

bt k ri minh ha.

2. To big font.
Trong thc t, font ch ca mt vi ngn ng (ting Nht) cha hng nghn k t
khng phi l m ACII. bn v cha cnhiu font nh vt AutoCAD cung cp mt
dang file gi la big font file.
Big font file cng c miu t trong file .SHP v c dch thnh file .SHX. Dng
u tin ca big font c dng nh sau :
*BIGFONT nchars,nranges,bl,el ,b2,e2,....
rtchars : s lng gn ng cc k t trong Big font ny. Nu sai s ln hn 10% th
tc truy xut s r t chm.
nrangs : s lng cc mim gi tr cha cc gi tr s dng lm m escape codes.
b l ,e l ,b 2 ,e 2 ,...
- b l, el l gi tr bt u v kt thc ca min gi tr th nht
- b l, el l gi tr bt u v kt thc ca min gi tr th hai

V d ....

3. To big font t file m rng.

Trong cc file kiu ch tng hnh chu , c nhiu khi c s dng li nhiu ln
nh cc du trong ting vit (du s, huyn,...). Cc khi ny c m t trong cc
Subshape, c th dng li to cc shape khc nhau.
Dng u tin ca cc big font file m rng tng t nh big font file bnh thng :
*BGFONT nchars,nranges,bJ,e,b2,e2,....
Dng th hai s gip nhn bit l big font m rng :
*0,5,font-name
character-height,0, modes, character-width,0

Font name : Tn ca big font

Character-height, character-width : Chiu cao v chiu rng hnh ch nht c s
m t k t.
Modes
- 0 :Ch vit theo phng nm ngang.
- 1 :Ch vit theo phng thng ng.
- 2 :Ch vit c theo c hai phng nm ngang v thng ng.

Ch :m 00E (14) ch c tc dng khi gi tr modes bng 2.

Cc dng tip tho m t cc shape v dng m 007 chn cc subshape. Cc

subshape cng phi c m t nh c shape thng thng khc.
*Shapenumber,defbytes>shapename
specbyte,.. .,007,0,primitive#,basepoint-x,basepoirtt-y,width,height,spectbyte,.. .,0

78
 Shapenumber : s nguyn 2 byte, dng thp lc phn, v do , phi c thm s 0
pha trc.
Defbytes : s lng cc bye m t (specbyte) cn thit m t shape (k c s 0
sau cng). Gi tr shapenumber ca subshape (theo sau m 007) c tnh l 2 byte.
Shapename : Tn k t
Specbyte : byte m t
007,0 : 2 byte bt u on chn subshape
Primitive# : gi tr shapenumber ca shape.
basepoint-x,basepoint-y : thnh phn ta x,y ca im chn subshape.
Width, height: chiu rng, chiu cao ca subshape. Trc khi c chn, kch thc
subshape s c thu nh bng 1 vung n v, sau n c phng to tng ng vi
gi tr Width, height.
Spectbyte : cc byte m t ca subshape.
111. T o cc d n g d n g (file linetype)
1. Khi nim v phn loi d n g ng.
AutoCAD cung cp rt nhiu dng ng c sn. Cc dng ng ny c th l nt
t, nt lin, hay cc ng tm,... Cc dng ng ny c cung cp trong file .LIN. Ta
cng c th t to ra cc file ny v lull li di nh dng Text v c ui l .LIN.
AutoCAD cung cp cc dng ng c sn trong file CAD.LIN, ACADISO.LIN .
Cc dng ng n gin c cu to t cc im(dot), on thng(dash) v
khong trng c v i v li nhiu ln.
V d :

- Nt gch di 0.5 n v bn v
- Khong trng 0.25 n v bn v
- Nt gch di 0.5 n v bn v
- Khong trng 0.25 n v bn v
- Mt im nh (nt gch di 0 n v bn v)
- Khong trng 0.25 n v bn v
Taphn dng ng lm hai lo i: dng ng n gin v dng ng phc tp.
- Dng ng n gin l cc dng ng ch bao gm cc on thng, khong
trng v u chm.
- Dng ng phc tp l cc dng ng khng ch cha cc on thng,
khong trng, du chm m cn cha cc i tng khc nh phng ch hay
cc i tng Shape.
2. T o cc d n g n g n gin.
C hai cch t o d n g n g n gin
- Dng creat trong lnh -linetype
- To file m t dng m ACII c phn m rng .LIN.

2.1. Dng creat trong ln h -linetype.

Command: -LINETYPE
Current line type: "ByLayer"
Enter an option [ ?/Create/Load/Set]: c Create
Enter name oflinetype to create: name Duong CO ten la name
Wait, checking ifiirtetype already defined... Chn tn file s to mi hoc m

79
(Hp thoi Creat and Append linetype file file .LIN c sn ghi ng li
hin ln bn di). ng ny
Descriptive text: Duong tam Tn ng s hin trong hp
linetype manager
Enter linetype pattern (on next line)'. Nhp vo cc byte m t dng

ng
A,0.5,0.5,-0.25,0,-0.25

Create o r Append Linetype File

r --------------------- **
Save in: Support V ^ It! X ? Views Tools 1

N am e Size T ype D a te M odified

Color File F older 1 0 /2 /2 0 0 4 6 :0 2 fi
Q Help File Folder 1 0 /2 /2 0 0 4 6 :0 3 fi
Profiles File Folder 1 0 /2 /2 0 0 4 6 :0 3 0
R eg ister edT ools File Folder 1 0 /2 /2 0 0 4 6 :0 3 fi
Q T o o lP a le tte File Folder 1 0 /2 /2 0 0 4 6 :0 3 fi
Mai c c u i. B a c a d .lin 6 KB AutoCAD L in ety p e ... 1 /7 /2 0 0 4 6 :4 9 Ah

B a c a d i s o .l i n
fc J sam p le2 .L IN
7 KB
1 KB
AutoCAD L in ety p e ...
AutoCAD L in ety p e ...
1 /6 /2 0 0 4 9 :3 6 At*
1 1 /1 5 /2 0 0 4 8 :2 0

Favorites

FTP

< III > JI

Desktop

File name: sample2.LIN Save

Buzzsaw Cancel
Files of type: Linetype (Min)

80
 RU L in ety p e M anager

Linetype filters
Load... Delete
Show ail linetypes I I Invert filter
Current Hide details

Current Unetype: CONTINUOUS

Linetype Appearance Description

ByLayer
ByBlock
CENTER Center
CONTINUOUS Continuous
DASHDOT
HIDDEN ------------------------ Hidden.
Duong Tam,__. __ .

Details
Name 5 0 0 .0 0 0 0
Name: Global scale factor:

Description: Duong T am, . . Current object scale: 1.0000

0 Use paper space units for scaling ISO Deri w idth:

K Can' Help
_

Quy c m t dng ng trong linetype.

- Dng ng c bt u bng ch A. Ch A ny quy nh kt thc i tng
bng gch lin.
- Gi tr dng quy nh chiu di nt gch lin.
- Gi tr m quy dnh d di khong trng.
- S 0 quy nh on thng c di bng 0 hay nt chm (dot).
Nh vy dng ng c m t trong file samplel.lin trn c dng sau :

Ch : M A (alignaient) quy nh cch v cc dng ng ti cc im cui ca

cc i tng v. M Alignment l t ng a vo trong nh ngha file .LIN.
Dng binh thng.
Dng thu ngn li.
Di ko di ra.
Dng qu ngn (bin i tng thnh nt lin).
2.2. T o linetype b n g cch son th o tr c ti p trong .LIN
Mi dng ng trong file .LIN c m t trong hai dng :
*linetpe_name,description
A,descriptorl,descriptor2,...

- Du * t trc tn dng ng l bt buc.

- Linetypename : Tn ca ng, s hin ln trong linetype manager.
- Description : Chui m t c th c hoc khng c v di khng qu 47 k t.
- A : quy nh kt thc i tng v bng nt gch lin.
- Descriptor 1,2,.. : Byte m t dng ng (nh trnh by trn).
IV .D ng ng phc cha i t n g shape

81
 Cch m t cc nt gch khong trng v du chm tng t nh trong file m t
dng ng n gin. C php m t mt dng ng ging nh dng ng n gin.
i vi dng ng c cha i tng shape th ta ch vic thm vo on m t dng
ng mt c php m t shape nh sau :
[shapename,shxfilename] or [shapename,shxfiename,transform]
Shape name : Tn ca i tng v shape. Nu tn ca i tng khng c trong file
shape, AutoCAD s xem nh khng c phn m t v i tng shape trong dng ng.
Shxfilename : Tn ca file .shx cha i tng shape cn chn vo dng ng, c n
phi ch r tn, ng dn, nu khng AutoCAD s tm trong th mc mc nh cha cc
file .SHX : \Documents and Settings\[user name]\Application DataVYutodeskVVutoCAD
2005\R16.0\enu\Support.
Transform : L mc ty chn, gm cc thng s tng ng vi php bin hnh khi
chn i tng shape v dng ng. Gi tr ca transform c m t trong bng di
y, mi thng s c cch nhau bi du phy.
Gi tr ca cc thng s Transform.

Gi tr ngha
R=## Relative Gc quay tng i ca shape so vi ng
rotation thng c v.
A=## Absolute Gc quay tuyt i so vi trc o x ca h ta
rotation WCS.
s=## Scale H s t l (ca shape c chn vi shape
c m t trong shape file).
x=## X offset di theo phng ng thng (X n v)
Y=## Y offset di theo phng vung gc vi ng
thng. (Y n v). (X,Y c th l s m)
V d :
Dng lnh load ti file Itypeshx.shx vo bn v, sau nh lnh Shape
chn shape c tn l bat v bn v. Hnh ca bat hin ln nh sau :
M file LT_Sample.LIN ra v nh them 3 linetype sau :

*BAT1LINE, [BATll [BATll [BATll

A,38.1,-38.1,[BAT,ltypeshp.shx,S=5],-12.7

*BAT2LINE, [BAT21 [BAT21 [BAT21

A,38.1,-38.1,[BAT,ltypeshp.shx,S=5,R=0,X=-20.0],-12.7

*BAT3LiNE, [BAT3] [BAT3] [BAT3]

A,38.1,-38.1,[BAT,C:\sainple\ltypeshp.shx,S=5,y=-6.0,r=90,X=-6],-12.7

Hnh dng cc linetype trn hin theo th t nh sau :

n o o Q.__ o Q__ o Q__ 1___

82
 Ch : tn linetype khng nht thit phi vit hoa. Th t cc transform khng nht
thit phi c nh.
1. Dng ng phc c cha i tng ch.
C php m t i tng ch trong dng ng phc tp nh sau : (* ch trong
AutoCAD 2005, c php to dng ng c cha cc k t c khc so vi cc phin
bn trc, n yu cu nght ngho hn cc phin bn trc).
["text", textstylename, scale, rotation, xoffset,yoffset]
- T e x t: chui k t c chn vo.
- Style : Tn kiu ch m AutoCAD s ly nh dng cho text.
- Scale,rotad on,xoffset,yoffset: Tng t nh trn cc thng s ca transform.

V d :

*HOT_WATER_SUPPLYl, HW HW HW HW H W -
A,.5,-.2, ["HW",STANDARDS=.1,R=0.0,x=-0.1,Y=-.05 ],-.2

Kt qu ta c dng ng nh sau :
b V H vv' ---------- H\V
Ch : Nu s=0 th text s ly theo font v c c ch (height) bng 1.
V. To cc mu m t ct.
1. File mu m t ct.
Mu mt ct c AutoCAD miu t trong file c phn m rng .PAT. Ta c th s
dng cc mt ct c sn c m t trong cc file ACAD.PAT v ACADISO.PAT hoc t to
cc mau ring lu li trong file .PAT di inh dng ACII file. Ch , khc vi dng ng,
mi file dng mt ct ch cha c mt dng mt ct v tn file phi trng vi tn mt ct.
Mc inh *.pat c Ill'll trong th mc \Documents and Settings\[user
name]\Appication Data\Autodesk\AutoCAD 2005\R16.0\eniASupport.
Sau khi to xong cc dng m t ct trong cc file ring l. Bn c th copy on m
t mt ct trong cc file ny vo cc file Acad.Pat hoc Acadlso.Pat, b xung chng vo
mc Patern trong lnh BHatcli.
Cng ging nh dng ng, ta chia dng m t ct thnh hai l o i: M t ct n gin
v dng m t ct phc tp.
- Mu m t ct n gin l mu ch cha mt dng ng thng.
- Mu m t ct phc tp l mu gm nhiu h ng thng hp thnh.
2. To mu m t ct n gin.
Mt mu mt ct trong file .PAT c m t bng nhiu dng lin nhau, c php m t
nh sau :
*pattern-name[, description]
angle, x-origin,y-origin, delta-x,delta-y [, dash, dash2,...]
- Pattern - name : Tn mt ct s m t, khng c cha khong trng.
- Description : Phn m t (Khng bt buc) v khng c vt qu 80 k t
- Angle : Gc ca ng ct.
- x-origin : Honh X ca im chun dng v mu mt ct. Thng thng ta
s dng im gc c ta (0,0)
- y-origin : Tung ca im chun dng lm gc ta .
- delta-x : di ca ng ct tlieo phng phng ng thng.
- delta-y : di ca ng ct theo phng vung gc viphng ng thng.

83
 - dashl, dash2,... : Chi s dng khi cc ng ct l dng ng khng lin tc.
Cc gi tri ny m t dng ng (bao gm nt gch v khong trng).
V d
To file c tn L123.PAT ni dung nh sau
*L123, proposed future trailers
0, 0,0, 0,0.5

Sfr
-4
%

To file c tn L124.PAT ni dung nh sau

*L124, proposed future trailers
90, 0,0, 0,1

*L125, proposed future trailers

0,1,0,1,2, -3,1

84
 3. To cc mu m t ct phc tp.
M mt ct phc tp c to t nhiu h ng khc nhau (line family). Cc h
ng ny c m t trn mt dng vo tp thnh mt mt ct phc tp.
Vi d :
on m t sau to ra mt mt ct nh linh v
*ightning, interwoven lightning
90, 0,0, 0,.5, .5,.25

*ightning, interwoven lightning

0, -.25,-5, 0,.75, .25-.25

*lightning, interwoven lightning

90, .25,.5, 0,.5, .5,.25

V on m sau m t mt mt ct phc tp to bi 3 h ng trn :

*lightning, Interwoven lightning
90, 0,0, 0,.5, .5,.25
0, -.25,.5, 0,.75, .25-.25
90, -.25,.5, 0,5, .5 -.2 5

85
VI.Menu.
1. Menu v file menu.
1.1. Cc loi menu
C tng cng c 10 loi menu
- Cc menu (pulldown menu): l menu nh file, edit,...
- Cc menu ng cnh (shortcut menu): l menu hin ln khi ta n phi chut ti v
tr trn bn v.
- Cc thanh cng c (toolbar). Ci ny th ai cng bit ri.
- Cc menu hnh nh (Image menu) : l menu hin ln nh khi ta vo mc
Draw->Surfaces ->3d surfaces.
- Cc menu mn hnh (Screen menu) : menu ny c hin lr khi ta vo Tools
option -^Display -^Window element-^Display screen menu.
- Cc menu thit b chut (Auxiliary menu) : menu ny cc thit b chut nh ta
bm ctrl+chut tri, ctrl+chut phi.
- Cc thit b khc ca h thng nhp (Button menu): y menu phc v cho
cc thit b khc ca h thng nhp nh bt in t.
- Cc bng nhp s ha (tablet) : menu dnh ring cho cc bng s ha ca cad.
Ci ny ti cng mi nhn thy ln u ti trin lm tn hc thng 11 va ri
( cn gi l tablet digital).
- Cc chui ch [hch status (helpstring): Ci ny (h ai cng bit ri. Khi ta
chuyn con tr ln cc menu , s xut hin cc dng ch thch thanh trng
thi (status).
- Cc phm nng (shortcu key). V d ctrl+o ->Open, v.v...
1.2. Cc loi file menu
Chng ta c cc loi file menu sau :

*.mnu File menu mu, y l file m ACII m bn c th hiu chnh trc

tip trn n.
*.mns y l file menu ngun c pht sinh bi AutoCAD da trn file
*.mnu. Cu trc file ny n gin hn mnu mt cht nhng v c
bn l ging. Bn cng c th hiu chnh trc tip trn file ny.
Khi bn thay i cc phm tt, hoc thay i cc toolbar,... ngay
trong CAD th CAD s ghi li s thay i trn file ny. Ch
khng ghi vo file *.mnu. CAD s khng can thip vo File *.mnu
v n coi file ny l file ca ngi dng to ra.
*.mnc L file bin dch m nh phn ca AutoCAD. AutoCAD s bin
dch file mns trn thnh file file mnc my c th ti v s l
nhanh hn.
*.mnr File nh phn cha cc nh bitmap c s dng cho menu nh.
*.mnl File acci cha cc chng trnh Autolisp i km vi menu. N s
t ng c ti ln nu c cng tn vi file *.mnc

Cc file trn to thnh h cc file menu (family menu files).

Khi mt file menu c ti, n s c ng k ln registry v ln sau khi khi ng
AutoCAD n s ti l i file menu ny.
Quy trnh ti mt menu nh sau :

86
 B % t u Q uy0-c

1.3. Ti, g b m t menu

Lnh Menuload dng ti mt menu vo AutoCAD. Ta cng c th iu chnh s
hin th ca cc menu trn hp thoi Customization Menu.
Lnh Menu cho php ta ti mt menu vo AutoCAD, khc vi mnh Menuload trc
kh trc khi ti menu th n g b tt c cc menu hin hnh trong AutoCAD.
Ch khi ti file *.mnu, cc thay i ca toolbar s bin mt. V CAD s dch file
*.mnu thnh file *.mns v khi file *.mns ca bn s bin mt, ng ngha vi iu l
cc thay i trong toolbar .shortcut key ca bn cng bin m t theo.
v rc menu th ta phn bit hai loi menu l menu chnh v menu tng phn.
Menu chnh l cc menu c ti u tin bng lnh menuload. Hay cc menu c
ti bng lnh menu trong dng lnh command ca CAD.
Menu chnh khc menu tng phn ch : Menu chnh c ti ton b vo CAD.
Cn cc menu tng phn cc phn v AUX menu v Buttom menu s khng c ti.
2. Ty bin m t menu
2.1. Cu trc m t file menu
Thng thng mt file menu gm 9 phn.
- Mi file menu s m t mt nhm menu v dng u tin s quy inh tn ca nhm
. C php m t nh sau :
***Menugroup=namegroup.

87
 - Phn 2 : cha cc button menu v cc auxiliary menu. Cc menu ny dng
iu khin cc thit b chut v cc thit b h thng khc nu c.
- Phn 3 : cc menu pop, l cc menu
- Phn 4 : cc menu toolbar, l cc dng m t cc thanh cng c
- Phn 5 : cha cc dng m t menu Image
- Phn 6 : m t cc menu mn hnh (screen menu)
- Phn 7 : m t cc bng s ha (tablet)
- Phn 8 : cc dng m t cc shortcut key
- Phn 9 : cc dng quy nh cc dng gip (tatus string).

Cc ghi ch c bt u bng du //
Mi phn gm mt hoc nhiu section (hoc cng c th khng c). Mi section l mt
nhm cc menu c chc nng tng t nhau (thng thng l th). Mi section gm c 3
phn.
- Phn 1 : tn ca section. Tn ca section cc bt u bng ba du sao.

Tn Thnh phn menu t n g ng

ca
section
***But Menu ca cc thit bi tr khc.
onsn
***AU Menu thit bi chut
Xn
^^Pqp Cc popup menu hoc cc menu ng cnh
n (shortcut menu)
Cc iliauli cng c
olbars
***Ima Cc menu hnh nh
se
-t- -- '4' ^ 1 *
Menu mn Kinh
een
***Tab Cc bng s ha
letn
Cc chui tr gip trn thanh trng thi
pString
s
Cc phim nng
celerat
ors

- Phn 2 : Tn ca menu, Tn ca menu bt u bng 2 du sao v yu cu phi

duy nht. Tn ny dng lin kt cc mc ca cc menu khc, cc thanh cng
c, cc dng gip v cc menu hnh nh. Tn ca menu khng c c nhiu
hn 12 k t v khng c cha khong trng. Nu khng chng s bi b qua.
- Phn 3 : nhn v tn ca nhm menu. C php m t n nh sou :
ID_NameLabe [dong mo ta se hien len tren man hnh]
- Phn 3 : cc menu thnh phn. C php m t mt menu item nh sau :
D_NameLabe [name]menu_macro

88
 Trong : name l tn s xut hin n mn hnh ca menu item.
M enujnacro l nhng macro c thi hnh khi menu ny c chn.
Quan st mt v d trong file acad.mnu nh sau

***PQP J Section name

**FILE Nenu name
ID_MnFile r&File] Menu ID v dng m t ca
menu s xut hin trn mn
hnh (nh file,edit,draw,...)
ID_New [&New...\tCtrl+N]ACAC_new Cc dng tip theo m t
ID_NewSheet [Ne&w Sheet Set...]AcAc_newsheetset cc mc chn (hay cn gi l
ID_Open r&0pen...\tCtrl+0]ACAC_0pen cc menu thnh phn - menu
ID_OpenSheet [Op&en Sheet Set...]AcAc_opensheetset item)
lD_DWG_CLOSE [&Close]ACAC_close
2.2. Menu Macro
y l phn quan trong nht trong menu v tt c loi menu u c cha n.
Menu macro l mt chui cc k t cha tn lnh s c gi khi Menultem c
chn. Th t ca cc tham s trong menu macro ging nh th t xut hin cc tham s
ny ti dng nhc lnh command ca AutoCAD.
Cc quy c dng trong menu macro.

K t M t
Space bar, du ; Du enter trong AutoCAD
Space bar L khong trng khi ang nhp text
du \ Tm dng user nhp s liu, c th l nhp mt im bng
kich chut hoc nhp mt gi tr
Du + Dng khi dng m t qu di, Mun m t tip dng k tip
ta t du + cui dng
Du * t u macro, sau ACAC, s lp i lp li lnh n khi ta n
ESC hoc chon Menu Item khc
AC Hy tt c cc lnh ang hot ng (Escapse)
AP T t tt c cc hin th ca macro trn mn hnh. (Bin h thng
MenuEcho thnh on,off).
AM K t ENTER (Ctrl+M)
AB Chuyn i (tt/m) cc ch hin th ta con tr
(Ctrl+B)
AE Chuyn v tr si tc con tr trn mn hnh v mt trong 3 v tr
trong m t phng trc o (Ctrl+E)
AG Chuyn i ch hin th li (Ctrl+G)
AH Tng t nh phm Backspace., dng xa k t trc noa
ca dng lnh command.
AO Chuyn i ch v vung gc (Ortho).
AT Chuyn i chc nng nhp t bng nhp tablet (Ctrl+T)
AZ K t rng, t ng thm khong trng vo cui Menu Item.
// Q u y c bt u ca chui ch thch.

V d 1 :
ID_ArcStCeAn [S&tart, Center, Angle]ACAC_arc \_c \_a
Phn tch v d:

89
 s&tart, Center, Angle : Hin th trn menu : Start, Center, Angle
ACAC : Hy tt c cc lnh trc n.
_arc : Bt u v mt cung trn, c cho php chuyn i gia cc version c ngn
ng klic nhau.
khong trng tng ng vi phm enter.
\ : tm dng ngi dng nhp vo ta mt im trn mn hnh.
_c : Chn option center, cho php chuyn i gia cc version c ngn ng khc
nhau.
\ : tm dng ngi dng nhp vo ta mt im trn mn hnh.
_a : Chn mt option angle, c cho php chuyn i gia cc version c ngn ng
khc nhau.
V d 2
ID_MoveRight [Move .1 Right]ACACselect \move previous ;.1,0 ;
Phn tch v d:
ACAC : Thot mi lnh ang s dng.
Select : Bt u select command.
Du cch th hin enter, kt thc lnh select.
Sau s dch chuyn cc object chn sang Phi 0.1 n v bn v
V d 3
on macro sau y s chuyn ng polyline c chn thnh ng polyline c
b rng 0.1 n v.
ACACpedit \w .1 ;
V d 4
Bn c th s dng macro sau t ng v 4 ng trn vi bn knh v tm c
nh sn, v dng qu di ta phi vit lm 2 dng nn ta thm du cng cui.
ACACcircle 2,2 1.5 circle 6,2 1.5 circle 10,2 1.5 circle +
14,2 1.5
2.3. Pull-down Menu
2.3.1. Section ca Pull-down menu
Puldown menu c khai bo t section Popl n pop499. mi section c th c mt
hoc nhiu menu (thng thng l cha 1). Trong mi menu c th c ti a 999
mc menu item. AutoCAD s b qua nhng menu item vt qu gii hn trn. Nu mn
hnh khng ch cha ht cc menu item th AutoCAD s t ng ct bc i va vi
kch thc mn linh v hai Hnh mi tn ln xung s c xut hin.
Pulldown chia lm hai loi.
- Loi th nht c section t popl n pop 16. Cc menu ny s c t ng ti
vo vi tr ca n trn mn hnh. N u section ny m c n h iu hn m t menu th
ch menu u tin mi c ti vo mn hnh.
- Loi th hai c section t Popl 7 n pop 499. Cc menu ny s khng t ng
c ti vo mn hnh. Tuy nhin ta vn c th ti n vo mn hnh bng lnh
menuload hoc bng chc nng menu swapping.
2.3.2.Tiu ca pull-down menu
i vi cc pull-down menu, tiu ca mc chn u tin s c s dng lm
tiu xut hin trn thanh menu. Cn cc cng m t tip theo s l nhn, tiu v
macro ca cc menu thnh phn.
Cch to tiu cho cc menu v menu thnh phn l nh nhau; cc tiu phi
c t trong du ngoc vung.

90
 Cc quy c tao tiu ca menu.
K t Y nqha
Dng phn cch trn thanh menu
-> Bt u mt menu cha (submenu)
<- Kt thc menu cha (kt thc submenu)
<-<- Khai bo cui cng ca submenu v menu
S( ) Cho php s dng chui DIESEL trong tiu mc menultem.
Lm m mc chn v khng cho php chn mc ny
I Lm xut hin du chn (V) trc menu.
& Lm xut hin du gch chn cho k t ng sau n (khai bo phm tt)
\t Canh l phi cho k t trong tiu ca mc chn.
\c Khai bo phm nng.
Phn tch v d sau :
**FILE
ID_MnFile [&File
ID_New [&New...\tCtrl+N]ACAC_new
ID_Open [&Open...\tCtrl+O]ACAC_0 pen
ID_DWG_CLOSE [&Close]ACAC_close
[-]
ID_Save [&Save\tCtrl+S]ACAC_qsave
ID_Saveas [Save &As...\tCtrl+Shift+S]ACAC_saveas
ID_Export [&Export...]ACAC_export
[-]
ID_Inan [->Print]
ID_Preview [/vPlot Preview]ACAC_preview
ID_PlotSetup [Pa&ge Setup Manager..,]ACAC_pagesetup
ID_PlotMgr [Plotter &Manager...]ACAC_plottermanager
ID_Print [<-&Plot..AtCtrl+P1ACAC_plot
[-]
ID_MRU [Drawing History]
[--]
ID_APP_EXIT [E&xit\tCtrl+Q]ACAC_quit
Phn tch v d sau :
[Pop&3
ID_ortho [S(i f,$(getvar,orthomode),!.)Ortho]A0
ID_Snap [S(if,$(getvar,snapinode),!.)Snap]AB
ID_grid [S(if,$(getvar,gridmode),!.)Gride]AG
ID cmdactive [$(if,$(getvar,cm dactive),~ ')ine]L ine

2.3.3. Tham chiu n pulldown menu

Ta c th lm m hay nh du chn cho cc menu Item, hoc ta cng c th ly cc
thng s trng thi ca tng menu Item bng cch s dng tham chiu thng qua cc hm
AutoLisp.
C hai loi tham chiu :
- Tham chiu tng i
- Tham chiu tuyt i.
Tham chiu tng i.
Tham chiu tng i l tham chiu s dng tn nhn ca menu item.

91
 Hm menucmd ca AutoLisp cho php ta tham chiu n cc mc ca pulldown
menu.
C php :
- gn trng thi cho menu
(memicmd Gyyy.zzz=xxx)
- ly thng s trng thi ca menu
(m enucm d G yy.zzz= ?) hm tr v gi tr XXX
Trong
yyy - tn ca nhm menu
ZZZ - nhn mc chn
X X X - trng thi ca menu : (lm m ), (c nh u chn) (trng
thi bnh thng.
Tham chiu tuyt i
Tham chiu tuyt i l tham chiu d trn vic m s lng cc menu trn mn
hnh.
Hm menucmd ca AutoLisp cho php ta tham chiu n cc mc ca pulldown
menu.
C php :
- gn trng thi cho menu
(menucmd Pn.i=xxx)
- ly thng s trang thi ca menu
(m enucm d P n.i= #?) hm tr v gi tr XXX
Trong
n - s th t ca menu tnh t tri sang phi trn mn hnh,
i - s th t ca menu item cn tham chiu n (tnh c submenu v du ngn
cch gia cc phn trong menu )
XXX - Gi trih ca XXX bng Pn.i=&trng thi ca menu : (lm m),
(c nh u chn) (trng thi bnh thng.
V d :
ID_Swapl [Swapingl]ACACAP(if (= (menucmd "Pl.l=#?") "Pl.l=~") (menucmd
"P 1.1=") (menucmd "p 1.1 = ~"))
ID_Swap2 [Swaping2]ACACAP(if (= (menucmd "GACAD.ID_new=?")
(menucmd "GACAD.ID_new=") (menucmd "GACAD.ID_new=~"))
2.3.4. Chn v loi b Pull-down menu trn menubar
Ngoi lnh MenuLoad, cc pull-down menu ca nhm ny c th c a vo thanh
menubng c php sau y :
(Menucmd Gyyy.zzz=+uuu.vvv)
Trong :
Gyyyzzz - s xc nh v tr ca pull-down menu uuu.vvv s chn vo.
yyy - Tn nhm menu ca pull-down menu xc nh v tr.
ZZZ - B danh (hay tn mc chn) ca pull-down menu xc nh v tr cho
UUU.VW chn v o .
uuu - Tn nhm menu ca pull-down menu mun chn,
uvv - Tn b danh ca pull-down menu cn chn
Ta cng c th loi b mt Pull-down menu khi thanh menu bng lnh sau :
(Menucmd Gyyy.zzz=~)
Trong :
yyy - Tn nhm menu ca pull-down menu mun xa.
ZZZ - B danh ca pull-down menu mun xa.

92
V d
***pop3
**Test3
[Pop&3]
ID_ortho [S(if,$(getvar,orthomode), !.)Ortho]A0
ID_Snap [S(if,$(getvar,snapmode), !.)Snap] AB
ID_grid fS(if,$(getvar,gridmode), !,)GridelAG
TD_cmdactive [S(if,$(getvar,cmdactive),~)l ine]Li ne
ID_huybo [Xoa menu]AcAC(menuand "Gcustom.pop3=-")
ID_chenpop4 [Chen pop4]ACAC(menucmd "Gcustom.pop3=+Custom.Pop4")

***pop4
**Test4
[Pop&4]
ID_monewl [mo new]ACACAP(menucmd "Gcustom.ID_New=~");AP
ID_hiennewl [hien new]ACACAP(menucmd "Gcustom.ID_New=");AP
ID_TTnewl fben menucmdlACACAP(alert (menucmd "Gcustom.ID_New=?"));AP
[-]
ID_monew2 [mo new]ACACAP(menucmd "P5.1=~");AP
ID_hiennew2 [hien new]ACACAP(menucincl "P5.1=");AP
ID_TTnew2 [ben menucmd]ACACAP(alert "Cmdmenu"&(menucmd "P5.1=#?"));AP
2.4. Shortcut menu.
Shortcut menu v c bn ging Pull-down menu. Ch khc nhau khai bo section
Shortcut menu c khai bo t section Pop500 n pop999 v PopO. Trong mi
menu c th c ti a 499 mc menu item. AutoCAD s b qua nhng menu item vt
qu gii hn trn. Nu mn tinh khng ch cha ht cc menu item th AutoCAD s t
ng ct bt i va vi kch thc mn hnh v hai Knh mi tn ln xung s c xut
hin.
Menu PopO ca AutoCAD l menu Snap, hin cc phng thc truy bt im.
Cc menu Pop500 n Pop999 l cc menu ng cnh (context menu)
2.5. Buttons menu v auxiliary menu.
2.5.1. Section ca Buttons menu v auxiliary menu
Cc nt ca thit b con chut c khi bo bi cc auxiliary menu v c m t
trong file menu t section ***AUXn (t ***AUX1 n ***AUX4)
Cc thit b tr khc nh bt in t c khi bo bi cc Buttons menu v c m
t trong file menu t section ***Buttonsn.
LU l cc buttons menu v cc auxiliary menu ch c hiu lc trong file menu base
(menu chnh) ch khng c tc dng nu ta khai bo trong cc partial menu (menu thnh
p h n ).
V m t ca buttons menu v auxiliary ging nhau nn y ta ch xt cc AUX
menu, cn cc buttons menu tng t.

Section T hp phm v chut

AUXl Nhn mt trong cc nt chut
AUX2 Phm Shift + mt nt chut
AUX3 Phm Ctrl + mt nt chut
AUX4 Phm Ctrl+Shift+mt nt chut
2.5.2. To cc AUX menu.

93
 Mi dng trong section ny l mt mc chn, cu trc ca section cng tng t nh
cc section khc. Tuy nhin phn tn v tiu l khng bt buc, ta c th b qua chng
hoc ta s dng chng lm ch thch.
Xem xt VI d sau :
***A U X 1
// Simple button
// if a grip is hot bring up the Grips Cursor Menu (POP 500), else send a carriage return
// If the SHORTCUTMENU sysvar is not 0 the first item (for button 1, the "right
button")
// is NOT USED.
$M=$(if,$(eq,$(substr,$(getvar,cmdnames),l,5),GRIP_),$P0=ACAD.GRIPS $P0=*);
SP0=SNAP $p0=*
ACAC
AB
A0
AG
AD
AE
AT

Mc th nht tng ng vi nt chut th 2 nu bin h thng shortcutmenu=0.

Cn nu bin ny khc khng th nt ny s c lin kt vi cc shortcut menu mc inh
ca h thng AutoCAD.
Mc th 2 tng ng vi nt s 3 ca h thng chut nu bin h thng
Mbuttonpan=0. cn bin ny khc khng th nt ny s c lin kt vi nt pan mc inh
ca AutoCAD (mc .inh ca bin ny l 1).
Mc chn th 3 tng ng vi nt lnh th 4 ca chut.
Ni chung chut c bao nhiu nt th ta c by nhiu dng lnh.
Ta 1u l ch c PopO th mi c kh nng hin ti vi tr con chut trn mn hnh.
v ! d sau s dng tiu lm ch thich :
***AUXl
[nut so 2]; nt th hai l lnh enter.
[nut so 3](alert "nut thu 2 duoc an") nt th ba a ra thng bo.
[nut thu 4]ACAC nt th 4 nt escape.

Tng t nh th bn c th hiu chinh cc menu AUX2, AUX3, AUX4 ca mnh sao

cho hp vi cc
2.5.3. Menu swaping.
Menu swaping dng trao i ni dung gia cc menu, vi d khi ta ang thc hin
lnh zoo, bn phi chut chuyn sang shortcut menu khc. Hay khi vo Draw->
Surfaces-> 3D surface... AutoCAD chuyn sang menu image bn chn cc hnh cn v vi
slide i km.
C php tro i nh sau :
$Section=MenuGroup.MenuName SSection - MenuGroup. *
Nu 2 menu ta mun trao i nm cng trong mt group ta c th b qua MenuGroup.
Ngla l c php ca ta s nh sau ;
$Section=M enuNam e $Section=*
V d sau c trch trong file Acad.mnu :
ID_3dsurface [&3D Surfaces...]$I=ACAD.image_3dobjects $I=ACAD. *

94
 y menu item 3d surfaces trong menu draw ca AutoCAD. Khi ta chn mc ny th
AutoCAD s chuyn sang menu image c tn l image_3dobjects
V d sau dc trch trong file Acad.mnu :
***AUX2
//S h ift + button
SP O -SN A P $p0 =*
Khi ta bn shift + chut phi s chuyn sang section PopO, menu Snap nam trong
Section PopO.
2.6. Image Tile menus
Menu h'inh nh l loi menu c bit trong AutoCAD, cha danh sch cc mc chn v
cc hnh slide tng ng vi cc mc chn . Khi chn vo cc mc chn
2.6.1. Section ca Image menu
cc menu hnh nh nm trong section Image, v c khai bo l ***Image. Section
VI d mt section menu hnh nh nh sau :
***image Khai bo tn section
**image_poly Tn ca menu (menu name)
[Set Spline Fit Variables! Tiu ca menu hnh nh.
[acad(pm-quad,Quadric Fit Mesh)]_surftype 5 cc dng m t cc mc chn
[acad(pm-cubic,Cubic Fit Mesh)]_surftype 6 ca menu hnh nh
[acad(pm-bezr,Bezier Fit Mesh)]_surftype 8
[acad(pl-quad,Quadric Fit Pline)]'_splinetype 5
[acad(p]-cubic,Cubic Fit Pline)T_splinetype 6
2.6.2. M t mc chn ca nienu hnh nh
Mi mc chn ca menu Hnh nh c m t gm 2 phn : tiu v menu macro
(khng c phn nhn ID nh cc pull down menu).
Phn tiu c cc cch m t sau :
[sldname]
nh ca slide sldname s c hin ln khung bn phi ca hp menu, tiu l
sldname s c hin ln danh sch bn tri ca hp menu.
[sldname,labeltext]
Tiu l LabelText s c hin ln danh sch bn tri ca hp menu. nh ca
slide sldname s c hin ln khung bn phi ca hp menu.
sldlb(sldname)]
Tiu l sldname s c hin ln danh sch bn tri ca hp menu. nh ca slide
sldname nm trong th vin slide c tn l sldlib s c hin ln khung bn phi
ca hp menu.
[sldlib(sldname,labeltext)]
Tiu l labeltext s c hin ln danh sch bn tri ca hp menu. nh ca slide
sldname nm trong th vin slide c tn l sldlib s c hin ln khung bn phi
ca hp menu.
[blank]
Khi bn mun chn mt Icon trng trn danh sch cc slide bn phi hp menu. Mt
dng phn cch s c hin ln trn danh sch phla bn tri hp menu.
[ labeltext]
Khi k t u tin ca mc m t l khong trng, mc mo t s c hin ln trong
danh sch nhng khng c mt Icon no c hin ln bn phi hp menu c. Bn

95
 thng dng n trong trng hp bn mun to mt nt exit thot ra khi menu
hnh nh, th mc chn ny thng khng c Icon i km.
2.6.3. Gi hin thi cc menu tnh nh
Ngoi vic gi hin thi cc menu lnh nh bng chc nng swap menu (nh trnh
by mc 2.5.3), ta cn c th s dng cc dng lnh AutoLisp gi chng, c php nh
sau :
(MenuCmd I=yyy.xxx)(menu cmd i=*)
Trong
yyy - Tn nhm menu. Nu cng chung mt group th ta c th b qua yyy.
XXX - Tn menu hnh nh.
Vi d nh sau :
(m enucm d "I=acad.image_vporti")(mem ucm d "/ = *")
(menucmd "I=image_vporti")(memucmd "i=*")
2.6.4. Slide v th vin slide.
To cc slide.
LU :
- To slide phi tht d nhn bit.
- Hnh nh phi va khung. ln h nh c to vi t l (1 X 1.5)

- Cc i tng t m nh Pline, trace, 2d solid chihin ln cc ng vin. c

cc hnh t bng ta s dng lnh t bng Shade trc khi to hnh slide.
Trnh t to :
- Chuyn qua khng gian giv v
- To Viewport c kch thc 1,5:1
To th vin slide.

2.7. Menu mn hnh.

2.7.1. Section ca menu hnh nh.

2.8. Chui ch thch thanh trng thi.

2.8.1.Section ca on m t chui ch thch.
Cc dng ch thch ny c m t trong section ***HELPSTR1NGS
2.8.2. M t chui ch thch.
Dng m t nh sau : ID_menu [status tring]
V d :
2.9. To cc phm tt.
2.9.1. Section ca on m t cc phm tt
on m t cc phn tt nm trong section : ***ACCELERATORS.
2.9.2.To phm tt

96
 Tn mc chn + t hp phm nng
V d :
ID_Open control+0 ]
T hp phm nng+chui lnh cn thc hin.
V d
rcontro + 0 lACAC_Open

Cc t hp thng dng :
Control, shift, Alt, A,...Z,"numpadO",..."numpad9"
VII. Toolbar
1. cch to toolbars bng cch dng lnh Toolbar
1.1. To Toolbar
1.2. To nt lnh mi
1.3. sa nt lnh
1.4. To m t Flyout
g) Customize [? ]

! Commands Toolbars Properties: Keyboard T ool PalettesJ______________________________

Toolbars Menu Group

OEM ACROBAT COMMENT

New...
CAD Standards
ADOBE PDF
|~1 Dimension I Rename..
CUSTOM
flDfaw EXPRESS
Draw Order Delete
I 1Inquiry
I IInsert
0 Layers
.arge buttons
I"! Layouts
Modify 0 SKow ToolTips on toolbars
|~~1 Modify II
Show shortcut keys in ToolTips
Object Snap
0 Properties
f~1 Ref edit
Reference
Render

Close I I Help

Trnh din mt ln to toolbars.

Ch to flyout Toolbar

97
 ffal C ustom ize

Commands T oolbars Properties Keyboard T ool Palettes

Categories Commands
File A User Defined Button
Edit
User Defined Flyout .
View
Insert *
Format
Tools
Draw
Dimension
Modify
W indow
Help

Description: 0 Show image an d nam e

User Defined Button
I Drag com m and to drawing area to
crea te new toolbar. Draq command to
toolbar to ad d button or to tool palette
Tip
to ad d tool.

Close Help

Khi mun to mt nt lnh trong toolbar, bn chuyn n c o m m a n d sU se r Defined

button, User Defined Flyout. Ko r uer difined vo toolbar m bn cn thm mi nt lnh.
Sau bm vo nt Properties, hp thoi s hin ra nh sau :
fial Customize

C om m ands Toolbars IfH SlnilPi p fii ! K eyboard T ool P alettes

Name: Zoom Reallime Button Im age

Description: 7 n n m s fn in crease nr rienrfiasfi thft a p p a rm t

size of objects in th e current viewport: ZOOM

Edil..
M acro as s o c ia te d with this button:
.zo o m ;

pply R eset

Close I I Help

To Toolbars bng ccli dng lnh customise l n gin v thun tin nht. Tuy
nhin bn cn c th to ra bng cch son tho trc tip trong file acad.mnu.
2. Cch to toolbars bng cch son tho trong file *.mnu
Cc base menu v partial menu u c th khai bo cc thanh cng c trong section
***TOOLBARS ca mnh. Section ny chia lm nhiu on * * x x x x tng ng vi tn
thanh cng c
Mi on m t thanh cng c bt u bng tn thanh cng c * **xxxx. Sau l
cc dng nh sau :
Dng u tin m t tng qut v thanh cng c.

98
 Cc dng tip theo m t cc nt lnh trn thanh cng c . C 3 loi nt lnh :
Button, Flyout v Control.
2.1. Dng m t tng qut thanh cng c
C php :
TAG[Toolbar (tbarname,orient, visible, X, y, rows)]
TAG : tn mc chn (tng t nh cc section khc), khng bt buc phi c
Tbarname : tiu thanh cng c. t trong du nhy chui
Orient : v tr mc nh ca thanh cng cuk. Cc gi tr c th gn cho mc ny l :
Floating, _Top, _Bttm, _Left v _Right. (khng phn bit chlioa, ch thng).
Visible : mc nh xut hin trn mn hnh hay khng. Cc gi tr c th gn cho
mc ny l _show v _hide.(khng phn bit ch hoa, ch thng)
x ,y : v tr xut hin mc n h trn mn hnh, tnh t mp trn tri khng gian v.
Rows : s dng mc nh chua cc nt lnh
Ch : Cc c im ca thanh cng c nh Orient, visible, X, y, rows s c lu
li trong registry ca Window mi khi autocad ng li. Ch khi no khng tm thy cc gi
tr trn registry, autocad mi s dng cc gi tr mc nh trong file menu.
V d :
**TB_Draw
ID TbDraw [toolbar (Draw),_left, Show,0,0,1]
2.2. Dng m t loi nt lnh Button
C php :
TAG [button (btnname, ID_Small, IDJLarge)] macro
TAG : tn mc chn (tng t nh cc section khc), khng bt buc phi c
Btnname : tiu nt lnh. t trong du nhy chui. Chui ny s c dng
lm ToolTip (dng ch ch thch xut hin trn nn vng, khi con tr c a
n nm ti v tr biu tng nt lnh trn thanh cng c)
ID_Small : xc nh hnh nh n lnh hin trn thanh cng c. y l tn ca mt
trong cc biu tng nh (kch thc 16 X 15) to sn ca AutoCAD (v d :
ICON_16_Line). Hoc l tn mt file bitmap t to (kch thc 15x16) t trong
cc th mc mc nh ca AutoCAD.
ID_Large : xc nh hnh nh n lnh hin trn thanh cng c khi chn mc Large
buttons trn hp thoi Toolbats. y l tn ca mt trong cc biu tng ln (kch
thc 24 X 22) to sn ca AutoCAD. Hoc l tn mt file bitmap t to (kch
thc 24 X 26) t trong cc th mc m c nh ca AutoCAD. Nu kch thc
khng phi l 24 X 22, AutoCAD s t iu chnh t l cho bng kch thc ny.
Macro : menu macro, c c php tng t c php ca cc menu khc trong phn
ny.
V d :
**TB_DRAW
D_TbDraw LToolbai'C'Draw", _Left, _Show, 0, 0, 1)]
IDJLine LJButtonfLine", RCDATAJ 6_LTNE, R C D A TA J 6_LNE)]ACAC_line
ID_Xline [_Button("Construction Line1', RCDATA_16_XLINE, RCDATA_16_XLINE)]ACAC_xline
IDJPline LButton( Polyline", RCDATA_16_PLINE, RCDATA_16_PLINE)]ACAC_pline
ID_Polygon [_Button("Polygon", RCDATA_16_POLYGO, RCDATA_16_POLYGO)]ACAC_polygon
ID_Rectang LButton("Rectangle", RCDATA_16_RECTAN, RCDATA_16_RECTAN)]ACAC_rectang
ID_Arc [_Button( Arc , RCDATA_16_ARC3PT, RCDATA_16_A RC3PT)]ACAC_arc

2.3. Dng m t loi nt lnh Flyout.

Flyout l mt loi nt lnh trn thanh cng c, khi chn s xut hin mt thanh cng
c khc (c chc nng tng t nh SubMenu). V d, trn thanh cng c Standard c nt
lnh Flyout zoom, khi ta chn s xut hin thanh cng c Zoom.

99
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ID_TbObjectP [_Toolbar("Properties", _Top, _Show, 2 ,1 ,1 )]
[_Control(_Color)]
[-]
LControl(_Linetype)]
[--]
L C o n tro l(_ L in e w e ig h t)]
[-]
LControl(_PlotStyle)]

101