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tuhintahmid@yahoo.com
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AvweZ nqwQj Zv Rvbv bv MjI cvPxb Kvj nZB h GwU eeZ nq AvmQ G evcvi
Kvb m`n bB| cvPxb wgkixqiv Awe wRcmvg cywoq (calcination) GK cKvi c`v_ eenvi
KiZv | cvPxbKvj Zix wgkix`i weLvZ wcivwgW jv cixv Ki `Lv hvq h ZvZ cvq 80%
Kvjwmqvg mvjdU Ges cvq 10% KvebU AvQ| Mxm I ivgvbiv Pybvcv_i cywoq Ges
cieZxZ Pzb,cvwb, evjy Ges fvv cv_i BZvw`i wgkb eenvi KiZv| cieZxZ Zviv
AvMqwMwii AMycvZ m GKcKvi QvB (Volcanic ash & tuff) Pzbi mv_ eenvi KiZv|
GB QvB G mwq wmwjKv Ges Gvjywgbv _vKZv hv Pzbi msk Gm kwkvjx GK cKvi
wmgU RvZxq c`v_ cwiYZ nZv| BZvwji Pozzuoli Mvg GB cKvi QvB cvIqv hZv ej
cieZxZ Dnv cvRjb wmgU bvg cwiPq jvf Ki| eZgvb cvjbv bvg G wmgU Kwg
fve Zix Kiv nq| cvPxbKvj G Dcgnv`k Pzb myiKxi cPjb wQjv|

Rb wmgUb(John Smeaton) 1756 mvj BwWvb jvBU nvDm (Eddystone Light House)
cybt wbgvbi mgq `Lb h,cvRjbv Ges Pzbvcv_i GKmsM wgwkq Ges ekx AbycvZ
Kuv`vgvwUi bvq c`v_ eenvi Ki DbZgvbi ivmvqwbK ag m^wjZ nBWvwjK wmgU
cvIqv hvq| cieZxZ 1796 mvj AvRwjqvm Pzbv cv_i wc cywoq nvBWvwjK wmgU
cvIqv hvq| 1800 mvj chZ Dnv ivgvb wmgU bvg LvZ wQjv|

1824 mvji 21k Avei Rvkd GvmcwWb (Joseph

Aspdin) Bsjvi cvUjv bvgK xc cwi`kbi mgq GK
cKvi c`v_i mvb cvb| wZwb k Pybvcv_i Ges wgwn
Kuv`vgvwU wgwkq dvibm cywoq Kveb-WvB- AvBW
Mvm ei Ki `b Ges ci Zv P~b Ki GKcKvi kwkvjx
c`v_ Zix Kib| eZgvb cvUjv xci bvgvbymvi
GB wmgU cvUjv wmgU bvg LvwZ jvf KiQ|

wmgU g~jZ KZKjv ARe ivmvqwbK c`v_i mswgkb Ges Gi ga mvavibZt 65%
Pzb (Kvjwmqvg AvBW), 19% wmwjKv (evjy), 4-5% Avvjywgbv, 3-4% Avqib AvBW Ges
mvgvb cwigvb gvMbwkqvg AvBW, mvjdvi UvB AvBW BZvw` _vK| wmgUi kwI
wbfi Ki Pzb I wmwjKvi mshvRb MwVZ hMi Dci| Avevi AbKB ej _vKb wmgUi
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ebi ZviZg Lye ekx GKUv bMZgvb cfve co bv|
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AbK cwieZb GmQ, c~e gvb mb
wmgU Drcv`b Av`Zv cwZ eenvi Kiv
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cwZZ gvb mb wmgU Drcv`b
QvovI Rvjvbx LiP Kwgq Avbv me
nqQ|wmgU Drcv`b eeZ LwbR Dcv`vb
Pzbvcv_i c_g vkvii mvnvh Pzb Ki
Kuv`vgvwU Ges cqvRb Abyhvqx wmwjKv,
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PzjxZ 1450 mwUMW Zvcgvvq D
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wKsKviB g~jZ wmgU, GK P~b KijB
wmgU cvIqv hvq| wmgU wKsKvii
mv_ mvavibZ wmgUi RgvUKvj wbqbi
Rb mvgvb cwigvb wRcmvg eeZ nq _vK
wmgU Drcv`bi cevnwP
(5% mevP)| wKsKvi Ges wRcmvgi
mg^q Drcvw`Z G wmgU AwWbvix
cvUjv wmgU ev CEM I bvg AwfwnZ
Kiv nq _vK|

wmgU Drcv`b cPzi Pzbvcv_i eenZ nq Ges GK cvovbvi dj Kveb-WvB-AvvBW

Mvm wbtmib nq, Zv QvovI Kqjv Ges dzqj mvcgvbUvix wnmve AbK eR c`v_ Rvjvbx
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AvBW, mvjdvi WvB AvBW MvmI evZvm wbtmwiZ nQ, GZ cwieki `~lb nQ| wnme
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eZgvb wmgU Drcv`b wewfb AcRvZ c`v_i (By product) eenvi Kiv nQ| G AcRvZ
c`v_ jv eenvi wmgUi bvb ew QvovI cwiek KZK weic cfve _K wmgU
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wbgvbI G aibi wmgU eenvi nQ| G aibi wmgU Drcv`b h mgZ AcRvZ eeZ nQ
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Drcv`b Kiv nq _vK| BDivwcqvb ev esjv`k vvW Abyhvqx G mgZ wmgU jv njv
cvUjv KvwRU wmgU (CEM II), ev dvibm wmgU (CEM III), cvRjwbK wmgU
(CEM IV). KvwRU wmgU (CEM V)| Avevi cZK wmgU UvBcK kwi wePvi wZb
fvM fvM Kiv nqQ| hgb 32.5, 42.5 Ges 52.5| G`i A_ njv 28 w`bi kw AekB Kgc h_vg
32.5 MPa , 42.5 MPa Ges 52.5 MPa nZ ne| ZvB wmgU eenvii c~e AekB evMi Dci
kwi evcviwU weePbvq AvbZ ne| mvavibZt 32.5 MWi wmgU evoxi QvU QvU bvjv
b`gv ev Wb, cvvwis KvR BZvw` nvjKv KvR eeZ nq Ges G wmgU w`q Kvb eo
vKPvi ev XvjvBqi KvR Kiv hve bv| 42.5 MWi wmgU w`q mvavibZt h Kvb
evmvevoxi ev AvwjKvi dvDkb ev Kjvg, exg, Qv` XvjvBqi KvRmn mKj cKvi KvR Kiv
hve| 52,5 MWi wmgU w`q eo eo exR ev mZz wbgvb ev hLvb DP kwi vKPvii
cqvRb mLvb G wmgU eeZ nq|
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cKvk Kib| wK DjwLZ AcRvZ c`v_ cw_exi cvq mKj `kB eenvi nQ Ges
AvZRvwZK fve GjvK ^xKwZ c`vb Kiv nqQ| Melbvq `Lv wMqQ h G mgZ
c`v_ jv wmgUi mv_ eenvi vKPvi `xNvwqZ nq Ges wmgUi KvhgZv
(Workability) ewi dj KbxU, cvvi BZvw`I KvR gmb, my`i Ges mnRZi nq| ZvQvov D
wmgU cvwbi cwigvb Kg jvMvq wbgvb KvVvgv Aviv `p I DbZ gvbi nq| ay ZvB bq,
gvwU ev cvwbZ DcwZ jeb viv vKPvi AvvZ nIqvq mvebv ejvsk nvm cvq|

KbxUi mevP eenviB `ki Dbqbi gvcKvVx

evsjv`ki GKwU wmgU dvix
wnmve Mb Kiv nq _vK| eZgvb evsjv`k
wmgUi gv_vwcQz eenvi 107 KwR Abw`K
fviZ 210KwR, cvwKZvb 265KwR, kxjsKvq
310 KwR| wK `k chv Pybvcv_i bv _vKvq
^qs mc~b wmgU wgj Mo DVwb| eZgvb
Pvjy Aevq 46 wU wmgU dvixi ga gv `yUv
^qsm~b wmgU dvix AvQ, hvi Pzbvcv_i
Avg`vbx nq cvkeZx `k _K| RqcyinvU
Pzbvcv_ii mvb cvIqv MjI Zv Dvjb Kiv me
nqwb| eZgvb bIMuvq AvweZ Pzbvcv_ii
cvK mveZv hvPvB Kiv nQ| nqZ A`yi fwelZ
cybv wmgU dvix ne | `ki ekxi fvM
wmgU dvixjv Avg`vbx wbfi wKsKvii Dci
wfw Ki Mo DVQ| G QvovI wKsKvii mv_
eeZ dvB Gvm, ev dvibm -vM, wRcmvg
BZvw`I Avg`vbx Kiv nQ|

evsjv`k eocyKzwiqvq GKwU Kqjv wfwK _vigvj cvIqvi cvU _vKj bvbv RwUjZvi Kvib
wmgU dvix jv H dvB Gvm eenvi KiZ cviQ bv| `k eZgvb Kqjv wfwK _vigvj
cvIqvi cvU nIqvi cwZ gvb mb dvB Gvm cvIqv hve ej Avkv Kiv hvq| dvB Gvmi
weK wnmve AbKB avbi Zzli QvB eenvi KiQb, hv eenvi hvM| Ze gvbi evcvi AekB
Zv mPZbZvi mv_ eenvi Kiv DwPZ|