1

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QPSK,BPSK .

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Sampling
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Pulse Coded Modulation
4
Media
5
Data

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3

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) RF1 (
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2-3
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AM
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FM
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.

500-1600 KHz FM 88-108 MHz .
1
Radio Frequency
2
Amplitude Modulation
3
Frequency Modulaton
4
Phase Modulation

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5

1-4 AM
1
AM . OOK .
:
(1 IR.
(2 . IR
(AM . )
.
:

})V(t) = Accos(2fct){1 + m cos(2fmt )(1

:
- Ac ) (
- fc
- fm ) (
- m

1-1-4 :
2
) (0<m<1
. m = 0 m = 1
.
m>1 ) . m>1
3 (. m>1
.
AM
: Vmax Vmin
m :

1
On-Off Keying
2
degree of modulation
3
overmodulation

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6

Vmax Vmin
=m )(2
Vmax + Vmin

2-1-4 : AM
-
.

1-1

AM .

)( )( ) (

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7

2-1( (
fm(

.
2fm .

SB AM
})V(t) =Ac cos(2fct){1+ m cos(2fmt
)V(t) =Ac cos(2fct) + 0.5mAc cos(2[fc-fm]t) + 0.5mAc cos(2[fc+fm]t
:
= SB = m =1 SB

AM 9KHz
9KHz .
18KHz
SB AM
! AM
.
)
( .
AM
. AM

.
AM FM .

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8

AM )
(
.

2-4 FM
) .

(.

3-1

FM :

})V(t) =Ac cos{2fct - m sin(2fmt )(3

AM m
FM . FM :

f
=m )(4
fm

f fc
) . max min
(.

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9

FM
AM - FM
AM .
:
.1 FM ...
.2 .
.3
S/N .
:


.
FM 75KHz
15KHz ) ( FM
5 .
FM .
FM 200KHz .
75KHz ) . 150KHz -(
.

1-2-4 : FM
FM ) ( . AM
SB .
fm .
FM AM
fc . 1 .
FM ) ( NBFM . SB
2fm .
FM :

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10

BW = 2 [m+1]fm Hz )(5

SB FM
SB FM :
})V(t) =Ac cos{2fct - m sin(2fmt
: ) sin(cos ) cos(sin .

3-4 FM AM
) ( .
AM
. AM
1
AM .2
. AM

.
FM
(PLL) 3
PLL .
) (VCO .
.

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1
roughly
2
chop off
3
Phase Locked Loop

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11

.
PCM
.
.

1-5

. ) (x , y
)1 (0 )0(1 .
.

:

4-1

.
.
.

. :
. )1 (0 )0 (1 .
:

+
1 i= j


i (t
). j (t ) =
0 i j
)(6

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12

sin cos .
.

5-1

1-1-5 I Q
I Q
. I Q x y.

]S = [I Q

I-Q
.

)( )(
6-1( Q I(

)( x y I Q . s11 I Q
s12 . )(
. s11 I s12
Q . x y
. x .

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13

= I 2 + Q 2 : S
I
tan 1 = )(8
Q

1
2-1-5
2 I Q
Q I x-y .

.
.
. :

E si = [S i ]2 = S i1 2 + S i 2 2 )(9

I
Q . .
... sig2 )
( sig1 .
. .
) (
:
E S S = S1 .S 2 = S1 S 2 cos
1 2
)(10

.
. 90 cos
. 90

1
constellation diagram
2
spectrum analyzer

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14

.
BPSK QPSK .
BPSK QPSK ) (BER
.

1
3-1-5

. .
.
.
. ) ( ) (
.
.

7-1 .

. .

. .
.

1
bauds

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15

2-5 PSK
BPSK 1-2-5
.

.
.
.

8-1 ) (

) (
.
.
BPSK . ) sin ( cos
.
.
. BPSK cos
180 .
) . f=1 (. I Q
x y :

)Iamplitude= (symbol expression)cos(phase

)Qamplitude= (symbol expression)sin(phase

I = 1 I= -1 . Q
sin 0 180 .

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16

2-1 BPSK

.
.
:
A 2T
= Es )(11
2

2E s
. =A
T

. .

Eb
.
N0

1-1-2-5 BPSK
0111010100101011 BPSK
16 BPSK .
:
S1 S2 S2 S2 S1 S2 S1 S2 S1 S1 S2 S1 S2 S1 S2 S2
.
) ( .

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17

9-1 BPSK 0111010100101011

. 1Hz .

.
.

. BPSK 180 .

.
.
.

2-1-2-5
I Q .
. I Q
I Q.
I Q I Q
.
.
BPSK.

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18

10-1 01101100010001

.
. Q BPSK
BPSK). (. )
BPSK ( I .

3-1 BPSK I 10

fc
.
I . :

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19

0 1 1 S1
1 1 1 S 2

1 1 1 S 2

0 1 1 cos t = S1
1 1 1 S 2

1 1 1 S 2
0 1 1 S1

. I BPSK
). (- cos T
. .
.

QPSK 2-2-5
.
.
.

. .
.
.

11-1
QPSK BPSK
. ) (
)( .

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20

. QPSK .
) sin (cos
. PSK .
QPSK . sin cos
).
(.

4-1 QPSK

QPSK sin cos

I Q . S1

Cos(x+y) = cosx cosy- sinx siny )(12

:
2Es Es
= ) = cos(t + ) (cos t sin t )(13
T 4 T

.
.

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21

BPSK
.
sin cos .

.
sin cos . I Q
. I Q
. QPSK 1 .

1-2-2-5 QPSK
I Q
. 0/1
0/1 ) (.
I Q . QPSK
. I Q .
) Q (I ) ( sin cos
.

12-1

1
constellation

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22

I Q .
. 1
.
2
12
.
.
.

2-2-2-5
.
.

) (ISI .
Root Raised Cosine .
roll-off .
:

Root Raised Cosine ) QPSK (

Half-Sinusoid ) ( MSK
Gaussian ) ( GMSK
Quadrature Partial Response ) ( QPR

15 )( I Q QPSK
Root Raised Cosine .
.

1
eye diagrams
2
degradation

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23

13-1 RRC

20
I Q .

14-1 RRC

RRC 1 .
) ( BER
. .
.

1
Scatter

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24

15 -1

3-2-2-5 QPSK
.
QPSK:
11 00 11 10 00 10 00 01 00 ...

) (-1
11 -1-1 11 1-1 -1-1 1-1 -1-1 -11 -1-1

I Q
I 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 1
Q 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1

4 I Q ) . 0/707 1/0
(.
- RRC .
.

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25

16-1 I Q

I ) fc ( fc=1 .
I .
Q cos 90 ) .
( sin cos .

17-1 I Q

I Q .

18-1 I Q

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26

QPSK 19-1

:
Rb
.
I Q .
sin cos )
RRC( .

3-5 QPSK BPSK

QPSK . BPSK
QPSK .
. . :
.
.
. .

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27

.
) ( .
.
.
. QPSK
.

QPSK 4-5
QPSK QPSK . QPSK
Q I Q
.
QPSK QPSK .
QPSK
. ) (BER QPSK
BER
QPSK . ) (OQPSK QPSK (SQPSK) 1 .

)( ) (
QPSK( OQPSK(QPSK 20-1 OQPSK

1
staggerd

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28

( OQPSK 90

( QPSK 180
21-1

QPSK I Q OQPSK .
OQPSK
. 90 .
I Q I Q ) .
I Q ( .

. QPSK .

21 OQPSK QPSK .
OQPSK 90 . QPSK
180 .
. QPSK
. OQPSK
.
OQPSK QPSK Q OQPSK )
( 1 .

1
quadrature

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29

.6
.
AM FM .
CDMA
BPSK QPSK .

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