APPENDIX D PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF VARIOUS ORGANIC AND INORGANIC SUBSTANCES General Sources of Data for Tables on the Physical Properties, Heat Capacities, and Thermodynamic Properties in Appendices D, E, and F . Kobe, Kenneth A., and Associates. “Thermochemistry of Petrochemicals. Reprint from Petroleum Refiner, Houston: Gulf Publishing (January 1949-July 1958). (Enthalpy tables D.2-D.7 and heat capacities of several gases in Table E.1, Appendix E.) N (1979). Reinhold (1950). . Lange, N. A. Handbook of Chemistry, 12th ed. New York: McGraw-Hil\ }. Maxwell, J. B. Data Book on Hydrocarbons. New York: Van Nostrand 4. Perry, J. H., and C. H. Chilton, eds. Chemical Engineers’ Handbook, Sth ed. New York: McGraw-Hill (1973). u Rossini. Frederick D., et al. “Selected Values of Chemical Thermodynamic Propesties.” From National Bureau of Standards Circular 500. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office (1952). s Rossini, Frederick D., et ai. “Selected Values of Physical and Thermody- namic Properties of Hydrocarbons and Related Compounds.” American Pe- troleum Institute Research Project 44 (1953 and subsequent years) ~ FL: CRC Press (1979). 1036 Weast, Robert C. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 59th ed. 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BOE ELIF © OD'ET BLOLET 91901 Otay auayx-0 L70 O6E OE 619 be ovtir USI gaesze 91901 one auoyex-ur ogo 9S E8IZ PLP soDY = BIELE — GOD'D—9TELT 9108 oH Ie e970 «SIE CO HESS SEE RL ERE G19 TRL 9980 E126 *HOPHW?D. uan|o, (34 €19 38 sesodutoo9p) 186 ISERT a PEBTT 80°86 ‘ose roe sunying weo | 9tL:ER GY SIP Se Sr OOH I¥IELT —LO'OB fos ep txom anging 60 TLL LOH TOK PE EOT COWL «= -B9'L6I_(WIWOTZ LOYD fos eprom sngins (ouou) ove zie Of6l L839 SO'SET Sots apuyoys anying (o1mj20u0u) we Lie eel zoe 961 Es9sz ~s anging (eiquioys) rs LLL OT 98€ LOZ es 9st %s saying aueyinsom L991 LERST ‘O%S*N wintpos 10431044 Properties of Various Organic and Inorganic Substances Appendix D TABLE D.2_ Enthalpies of Paraffinic Hydrocarbon Vapors, Cy-C, (J/g mol) (at 1 atm) To convert to Btu/lb mol, multiply by 0.4306 K Cy Q Cy mCy is ns nly 273 oO 291 630 912 1,264 1,709 1,658 2,125 2,545 298 879 1,277 1771 2,394 2,328 2,976 3,563 300 950 1,383 1,919 2,592 2,522 3,222 3,858, 400 4,740 7,305 10,292, 13,773 13,623 17,108 20,463 500 9,100 14,476 20,685 27,442 27,325 34,020 40,622 600 14,054 22,869 32,777 43,362 43,312 $3,638 64,011 700 19,585 32,342 46,417 61,186 61,220 75,604 96,123 800 25,652 42,718 61,337 80,600 80,767 99,495 118,532 900 32,204 53,931 77,404 101,378 101,754 125,101 148,866 1,000 39,204 65,814 94,432, 123,428 123,971 152,213, 181,041 1,100 46,567 78,408 112,340 146,607 147,234 180,665 214,764 1,200 $4,308, 91,504 131,042 170,707 171,418 210,246 249,868 1,300 62,383 105,143 150,331 195,727 196,480 240,872 286,143, 1,400 70,709 119,202 170,205 221,375 222,212 272,378 323,465 1,500 79,244 133,678 190,581 247,650 248,571 304,595 361,539 1,600 88,031 1,800 106,064 2,000 124,725, 2,200 143,804 2,500 173,050 TABLE D3 Enthalpies of Other Hydrocarbon Vapors (J/g mol) (at 1 atm) To convert to Btw/lb mol, multiply by 0.4306. b iso- Acety- K Ethylene: Propylene Butene Butene, fene Benzene 273 0 0 0 oO 0 0 291 753 1,104 1,536 1,538 769 1,381 298 1,054 1,548 2,154 2,154 1,075 1,945, 300 1,125 1,665 2313 2,322 1,163 2,109 400 6,008 8,882 12,455 12,367 5.899 11,878 500 11,890 17,572 24,765 24,468 1125, 24,372 600 18,648, 27,719 38,911 38,425 16,711 39,150 700 26,158 39,049 54,643 53,889 22,556 55,840 800 34,329 51,379 TL ISS 70,793 28,686, 74,015 900 43,053 64,642 89,997 88,826 35,074 93,471 1,000 52,258 78,742 109,286 107,947 41,635 113,972 1,100 61,923 93,670 129,494 123,846 48,388 135,394 1,200 71,964 108,825 150,456, 148,866 55,271 157,611 1,300 82,341 124,683 172,087 170,414 62,342 180,456. 1,400 92,968 141,000 194,304 188,363 69,622, 203,844 1,500 103,888 157,736 217,065 215,183 76,944 WINAppendix D Properties of Various Organic and Inorganic Substances 1045 TABLE D4 Enthalpies of Nitrogen and Some of its Oxides (J/g mol) (at 1 atm) To convert to Btu/Ib mol, multiply by 0.4306. K NO. N,O NO, N,Q, 23 9 0 ° o 291 937 686 658 5,384 298 746 957 917 1,937 300 686 4,034 985 2,083 400 3,785 5,121 4.865 10,543 500 6all 9,582 9.070 19,915 600 9,895 14386 13,564 30,124 700 13.054 19,513 18,305 800 16,292 24,950 23,242 300 19,597 30,693 28,334 1,000 2,970 36,748 33,551 1,100 26,392 43,129 38,869 1,200 29,861 49,862 44,266 1300 33,371 49,731 1,400 36.915 35,258 1,500 40,488 60,826 1,750 49,505 2,000 58,634 2250 67,856 2,500 TIT TABLE D5 Enthalpies of Sulfur Compound Vapors (J/g mol) (at 1 atm) To convert to Btu/lb mol, multiply by 0.4306. kK Sys) SO, $0, HS cs; 273 ° ° 0 ° 0 291 579 706 899 607 807 298 905 984 1,255 845 1,125 300 869 1,064 13338 909 1217 400 4,196 5.234 6.861 437 5,995 500 7,652 9748 13,033, 1978 11,108 600 11192 145514 19.832 11,752 16455 700 14,790 19501 27,154 15,706 21,974 800 18,426 24.647 34.748 19,840 27.631 900 22,087 29.915 42.676 24,145 33,388 1.000 25,769 35.275 50,835 28,610 39.220 1,100 29,463 40.706 59,203 33,216 45,103 1.200 33,174 46,191 67,738 37,953 51048 1,300 36.898 Suns 76,399 42,802 57.027 1.400 40.630 $7,320 47.739 63,052 1,500 62,927 52,802 69.119 1,600 68,533 57,906 75.186 1,700 74,182 63,094 81.295 1.800 79.872 68,324 87,361 1.900 85,520 2,000 91,253 2,500 119.871 3.000 148,657“LG a1gRL i aouax9}9y Jo OF aed "ADUNOS “Ue | = BUMSSOIdh 06€2'0 £q Aidujnus “jour 8/120 0 WoAUOD OL, vir'081 LLLLIZ 96L'1€1 8zS'L21 cer'zel SLB'OEI 000’ 66L'2S1 S68'S8i 896°T11 O€0'801 Serer Terzil 00s'e ozs'sz Loepst S9T'P6 esh'68 s9z'rs 978'86 zis'e6 o00'¢ 680711 669°8E1 810°S8 62°08 Seo'P8 O16's8 s9z'rs ose'z 198'86 9eI'eZI ZLL'SL Mee 9r9'Se ore. 090'se os‘ ssa'se 8€L'L0I i9s'99 Iwe'z9 Trv'99 psp'69 186's9 ose'z ger'ee 997'26 RRP'LS 0890's oze'es Pl6'6S z06'95 000° Isc'o9 Sb‘ Le 6sp'sr siv'sy sce'sy sss'os overly ose't Sys'ay s9'z9 SLS'6E 669" £9r'6e Lele Spree 008'1 Let'ye o9s'os oL0'9€ osL'et esse e69'LE 6E9'SE 00r'| tLe £6S'ZE 9z9'0E los'ze SLO're geet oot zre'se rset 60s'uz 8L0°62 cov'or 61887 002"1 Mote z08'6¢ o9L'sz 9eh'Pe, 869°S7 ore'9z curse 0011 €c8'9% sorre e1y'ez B8e'TC Loe verer TL 00011 oe 9€6'87 szi'6l P8e'81 OIT6L 16°61 196'81 006, €z8's1 ore 6068'S €1y'st 88°51 v9s'9r 9su'st 008 910'ST 9s9'81 Brith 6sP'Z1 9eL7I Stel ego'tt 004, eT Los’ $996 815°6 £196 016'6 L296 009 zee v0r'6 zs9'9 68s'9 099'9 1189 99'9 00s y8z'b £06" 669'¢ Sso'e 969'¢ zee 69°C oor $06 986 aL £94 vel 062 98L o0€ 18, zI6 StL aL 9ee zee 82L 862 £09 ss9 ses ois €es Les ves 162 0 0 0 0 ° 0 ° ele on *oo 03 Hu av "0 ‘N x s(low 8/f) ,sasey uonsnquioD Jo sadeyug 9G GTaVL 1046(8S61) XL ‘Wosnoy SuIysHaNE JIND uaufay umajoug ay) Wor pp “ON TwUddY ‘spoRUaysouAg fo Kusnuaysouioyg Te 19 “YY ‘240M OF Bed “ADAINOS “une | = sinssaidy 01881 O81'bz Ose'sT 00r'FI OOE'ST Ore'9t OLS 00st OEL'LT 00877 OCS'bI Osvet O8P'r Ogt'sT OSE'bT o0r'z 099°9t OEP IZ 069°EL 068'Zt 099°C Oze'Pt Ors’el ooe'z O19'St OLO'O7, oLe'zt o9Nzt Org‘z1 O9P'E! 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To convert to Btu/Ib mol, multiply by 430.6. ‘Compound Formula Mol wt. State (ki/g mol) (Ki/g mol) Acetic acid CH,COOH 6005 4862 -871.69 g 919.73, Acetaldehyde (CH,CHO 40.052 8 -166.4 1192.36 Acetone CHO 58.08 ag, 200 ~410.03 g --216.69 ~1821.38 Acetylene CH, 26.04 g 226.75 -1299.61 Ammonia NH, 17.032 1 -67,20 g -46.191 -382.58 Ammonium carbonate (NH,)CO 9609 ec aq 941.86 Ammonium chloride NH,CI 5350 c 315.4 Ammonium hydroxide NH,OH 35.05 aq 366.5 Ammonium nitrate NH,NO, 80.05 c —366.1 aq 3394 Ammonium sulfate (NH)SO, 13215 ¢ — -11793 ag -UB Benzaldehyde CH CHO 106.12 1 88.83 g 40.0 1052Appendix F Heats of Formation and Combustion 1053 TABLE F.1 (cont) aly an Compound Formula Mol. wi. State (K/g mol) —_(kJ/g mol) Benzene CoH 78.11 1 48.66 -3267.6 8 82.927 -3301.5 Boron oxide BAO, 69.64 ¢ — -1263 1 -1245.2 Bromine Br, 159.832 1 0 g 30.7 n-Butane CiHyo $812 1 “147.6 — -2855.6 g 124.73 -2878.52 Isobutane CyHyo 5812.1 -158.5 -2849.0 8 -134.5 -2868.8 1-Butene CiHy 56.104 g 1.172 -2718.58 Calcium arsenate Ca,(AsO,), 398.06 =e = -3330.5 Calcium carbide CaC, 64.10 © 62.7 ‘Calcium carbonate CacO, 100.09 © 1206.9 Calcium chloride CaCl, 110.99 © -794.9 Calcium cyanamide CaCN, 80.11 © -352 Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH), 74.10 © 986.56 Calcium oxide CaO 56.08 c 635.6 Calcium phosphate Ca,(PO,)> 310.19 © 4137.6 Calcium silicate CaSiO, 6.17 c —1584 Calcium sulfate caso, 136.15 © 1432.7 aq -1450.5 Calcium sulfate (gypsum) CaSQ,-2H,0 172.18 = c= 2021.1 Carbon, c 12.01 © 0 ~393.51 Graphite (B) Carbon dioxide co, 44.01 & 393,51 1 412.92 Carbon disulfide CS 76.14 1 87.86 ~1075.2 g 115.3 -1102.6 Carbon monoxide co 28.01 & 110.52 -282.99 Carbon tetrachloride cc, 153.838 1 -139.5 -352.2 8 106.69 ~384.9 Chloroethane CHCl 64.52 & 105.0 -1421.1 1 41.20 -5215.44 Cumene (isopropylbenzene) C,HyCH(CH;). 120.19 g 3.93 -5260.59 c -769.86 Cupric sulfate CuSO, 159.61 aq -843.12 c ~751.4 Cyclohexane CH 8416 og -123.1 3953.0 Cyclopentane CsHio 70.130 1 -105.8 -3290.9 g ~77.23 -3319.51054 Heats of Formation and Combustion Appendix F TABLEF.1 (cont.) Hy an ‘Compound Formula Mol. wt. State (J/g mol) (kJ/g mol) Ethane CH, 3007 g 84.667 -1559.9 Ethyl acetate CH,CO,C,H, 88.10 1 ~442.92 -2274.48 Ethyl alcohol C)H.OH 46.068 277.63 -1366.91 8 235,31 -1409.25 Ethyi benzene CoH - CoH 106.16 1 12.46 -4564.87 g 29.79 4607.13 Ethyl chloride CHCl 64520 og -105 Ethylene GH, 28.052 og 52.283 -1410.99 Ethylene chloride CH,Cl 6250 g 31.38 -1271.5 3-Bthyl hexane CyHig 114.22 1 -250.5 $470.12 8 210.9 $509.78 Ferric chloride FeCl, c 403.34 Ferric oxide Fe,0, 15970 822.156 Ferric sulfide FeS, see lron sulfide _ see Iron sulfide Ferrosoferric oxide Fe,0, 23155 © — -1116.7 Ferrous chloride FeCl, c 342.67 -303.76 Ferrous oxide FeO 185 oc 267 Ferrous sulfide FeS 8792 c 95.06 Formaldehyde H,CO 30.026 g -115.89 -363.46 n-Heptane CHig 100.20 1 -224.4 -4816.91 g 187.8 4853.48 n-Hexane CoHia 86.171 -198.8 -4163.1 g 167.2 -4194.753 Hydrogen H, 2016 g 0 285.84 Hydrogen bromide HBr 80.924 g 36.23 Hydrogen chloride HCL 36.465 g 92.311 Hydrogen cyanide HCN 27026 g 130.54 Hydrogen sulfide H,S 34.082 g 20.15 -562.589 Iron sulfide FeS, 119.98 —c -1719 Lead oxide PbO 223.21 c 219.2 Magnesium chloride MgCl, 95.23 ¢ 641.83 Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH), 58.34 oe ~924.66 Magnesium oxide MgO. 4032 ¢ 601.83 Methane CHy 16.041 g -74.84 — -890.4 Methyl alcohol CH,OH 32.042 1 -238.64 -726.55 g 201.25 763.96 Methyl chloride CH,CI 5049 g 81.923 -766.63! Methyl cyclohexane GH, 98.1821 -190.2 -4565.29 g 1548 4600.68 Methyl cyclopentane CoH 84.156 I “138.4 -3937.7 g 106.7 -3969.4Appendix F Heats of Formation and Combustion 1055 TABLEF.1 cont.) ait An, Compound Formula Mol. wt. State (ki/g mol) (ki/g mol) Nitric acid HNO, 63.02 I 173.23 aq -206.57 Nitric oxide NO 3001 g 90.374 Nitrogen dioxide NO, 4601 g 33.85 Nitrous oxide NO 44.02 g 81.55 v-Pentane CH 715 1 =173.1 3509.5 g -146.4 — -3536.15 Phosphoric acid H,PO, 98.00 9c — -1281 aq (IH,0) -1278 Phosphorus Py 123.90 0 Phosphorus pentoxide P05 14195 ~1506 Propane CyHy 44091 119.84 -2204.0 g 103.85 -2220.0 Propene CH, 42.078 g 20.41 -2058.47 n-Propyl alcohol CjH,O 6009 og -255 _-2068.6 n-Propylbenzene CgHs CH, -C;Hs 120.191 ~38.40 -5218.2 8 7.824 -5264.5 Silicon dioxide SiO, 60.09 c 851.0 Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO, 84.01 c 945.6 Sodium bisulfate NaHSO, 120.07 ¢ ~— =1126 Sodium carbonate Na,CO, 105.99 c¢ — -1130 Sodium chloride NaCl 5845 c 411.00 Sodium cyanide NaCN 49.01 c -89.79 Sodium nitrate NaNO, 85.00 oc ~466.68, Sodium nitrite NaNO, 69.00 c ~359 Sodium sulfate Na,SO4 14205 c= 1384.5 Sodium sulfide NaS 78.05 c 373 Sodium sulfite Na,SO, 126.05 c= 1090 Sodium thiosulfate Na,S,05 158.11 ¢ 1117 Sulfur s 3207 ¢ 0 (rhombic) c 0.297 (monoclinic) Sulfur chloride S.Ch, 135.05 60.3 Sulfur dioxide SO, 64.066 g 296.90 Sulfur trioxide SO, 80.066 g -395.18, Sulfuric acid H,SO, 98.08 -811.32 aq -907.51 Toluene CgHsCH, 9213001 11.99 -3909.9 2 50.000 -3947.91056 TABLE F.1 (cont) Heats of Formation and Combustion Appendix F Ai; ¢ Compound Formula Mol wt, State @/g mol) (k/g mol) Water H,0 18016 I ~285.840 8 241.826 m-Xylene CgHACH3)y 106.16 1 =25.42 4551.86 8 17.24 4594.53 o-Xytene CeHa(CH5)y 106.16 1 24.44 ~4552.86 g 19.00 4596.29 p-Xylene CoH(CH)y 106.16 1 24.43 -4552.86 g 17.95 —4595.25 Zine sulfate ZnSO, 16145 oc 978.55 aq -1059.93 *Sources of data are given at the beginning of Appendix D, References 1, 4, and 5. ‘Standard state HCI(g).APPENDIX G VAPOR PRESSURES TABLE G.1 Vapor Pressures of Various Substances Antoine equation: *2a- 3 Ingy=a- Be where p* = vapor pressure, mm Hg T = temperature, K A, B, C = constants Name Formula Range (K) A B Cc Acetic acid CHO, 290-430 16,8080 3405.57 -56.34 Acetone CHO 241-350 16.6513 2940.46 -35.93 Ammonia NH, 179-261 16.9481. 2132.50 32.98 Benzene CoH 280-377 15.9008 2788.51 -52.36 Carbon disulfide CS, 288-342 15.9844 2690.85 -31.62 Carbon tetrachloride == CC, 253-374 (15.8742 2808.19 45.99 Chloroform CHCL, 260-370 15.9732 2696.79 46.16 Cyclohexane CoH 280-380 15.7527 2766.63 -50.50 Ethyl acetate C4H,O, 260-385 16.1516 2790.50 57.15 Ethyl alcohol CHO 210-369 18.5242 3578.91 50.50 Ethyl bromide C HBr 226-333 «15.9338 2511.68 = A144 n-Heptane Cys 270-400 15.8737 2911.32 -56.5) n-Hexane Coie 245-370 ‘15.8366 2697.55 48.78 Methyl alcohol CHO 257-364 «18.5875 3626.55 -34.29 n-Pentane CH | 220-330 15.8333 2477.07 39.94 Sulfur dioxide SO, 195-280 16.7680 2302.35 -35.97 ‘Toluene CgHsCH; 280-410 16.0137 3096.52, -53.67 Water H,0 284-441 18.3036 3816.44 = 46.13 source: R. C. Reid, J. M. Prausnitz, and T. K, Sherwood. The Properties of Gases and Liquids, 3rd ed., Appendix A. New York: McGraw-Hill (1977). 1057