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Hedonism and utilitarianism are similar in their evaluation of the goal of

moral behaviour as some version of pleasure or happiness and the


minimization of its opposite. They can both view pleasure or happiness as
simple and immediate, or complex and matured. Where they differ is the
scope of evaluation which justifies the behaviour as moral. Hedonism tends
to be individualistic while utilitarianism tends to be social. A utilitarian must
evaluate the happiness result for the total consequence of an action, which
typically affects many people. A hedonist could very well throw
consequences to the wind if the action feels good to him or herself. In a
sense, you might consider utilitarianism to be model for social hedonism.

. His main concern is the problem of social and political order: how human
beings can live together in peace and avoid the danger and fear of civil
conflict. He poses stark alternatives: we should give our obedience to an
unaccountable sovereign (a person or group empowered to decide every
social and political issue). Otherwise what awaits us is a "state of nature"
that closely resembles civil war a situation of universal insecurity, where
all have reason to fear violent death and where rewarding human
cooperation is all but impossible.

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