2010/4/5

Dummy Variables
Qualitative variable
.
) (1 ) (0
.
) (1
) (0 . :
Y = + 1 X + 2 D + U
:
:Y :X
:D :
D = 0 D = 1 .
:
) ( ) (Y
) (X " " ) (n = 20
:

Y X D Y X D
1.92 2 1 7.00 9 0
12.40 9 0 6.176 10 0
5.93 17 0 6.200 11 0
7.00 9 0 5.800 14 0
6.99 12 0 6.217 7 0
6.50 13 0 5.500 8 0
26.00 17 0 4.800 12 0
12.00 16 0 1.820 6 1
5.60 9 1 4.558 12 0
8.82 16 0 7.468 8 0

:
D = 0 1D = .
 Model Summary

Adjusted R Std. Error of

Model R R Square Square the Estimate
1 .545a .297 .214 4.49016
a. Predictors: (Constant), X, D

ANOVAb

Sum of
Model Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 144.581 2 72.291 3.586 .050a
Residual 342.746 17 20.162
Total 487.327 19
a. Predictors: (Constant), X, D
b. Dependent Variable: Y

Coefficientsa

Unstandardized Standardized
Coefficients Coefficients
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig.
1 (Constant) .814 3.893 .209 .837
D -1.257 3.415 -.091 -.368 .717
X .628 .318 .488 1.975 .065
a. Dependent Variable: Y

(2)
(2) (1) )
((3)

1 1000
1 2000
1 3000
2 4000
2 5000
2 6000
1 7000
3 8000
3 9000
3 10000
 ):(3
1960-1957

D1 D2 D3 ) (S
1957 1 1 35 0 0 0
2 2 44 0 0 1
3 3 45 0 1 0
4 4 106 1 0 0
1958 5 1 38 0 0 0
6 2 46 0 0 1
7 3 47 0 0 0
8 4 112 1 1 0
1959 9 1 42 0 0 0
10 2 49 0 0 1
11 3 48 0 0 0
12 4 118 1 1 0
1960 13 1 42 0 0 0
14 2 50 0 0 1
15 3 51 0 0 0
16 4 118 1 1 0
:
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-

:
Frequencies -
Recode into different variable(s) -