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Seat (rmartlases egress pee BiSecns te ee poets ee eee tent mlng scone einnecueon 9 Weshend oles ch pean het sidspaciagsbmtonrs 1A ing 1 speciting aout news wget foam! sana Expacenrelp out finaove {ocala slectuete deste venue ude, Socata plese argues Secnd endosteal oon prepasncombnstons oon) Fiwsh ann rer sons aha lve song resents oe aren) reap ony iene 5 " ue Vem and pononeston: Syn ing» omni, omnes cme pines brain lee) 1 tinidoy comnts roma adc 527 Tiecnstonst GAA Charmed te 0 eo cesctian| Promcaiocno The Wonds is ocala Specter besa bu, eoulbe VWcabula an pronancen:reposton + oun pleases Sonpoeneen anh "caine ins infrmain nd piins - tee eat steed rere carrs ring oni a termmeee ‘ora Pgretg tro opinion eeeIT INCLUDES + describing clothes » compound adectives » adjective prefixes Grammar » oder of agectves preset tense contrast « dynam ‘and state verbs Speaking » discussing the sue of surlllance « alscussing a dsblity s describing photograph 4. RENMEI check the meaning of the words in the box. Then make a list of the clothes you can see in the photos, adding one adjective from the box to each. (i : checked flowery plain spotty stripy Shape: baggy long loose stort tight Texture: fluffy furry lacy shiny smooth sparkly woolly Materials: cotton fur leather nylon velvet wool Other: full-tength high-heeled long-sleeved matchin short-sieeved W | Unita » Caught on camera 2 The people in the photos were described on ‘a website as Hollywood's worst-dressed celebrities. Do you agree? Give reasons using the adjectives below. Describing fashion awful beautiful cool cute elegant gaudy great old-fashioned scruffy smart stylish trendy Bm VOCABULARY BULOER LA: PAGE 27H 4 (QOOREATI| compete ese ass tom te feiiestow usrig words im exercised. Ten bten again, repeat and check. 3 1 abeautiful 1. white dress 2 asmall clutch bag, 3 agrey, Tshirt 4 very casual| éark-blue jeans 5 asmooth, red, jacket 6 along, brown, scart 7 shiny, wousersuit 8 ; Black, high-heeled shoes What order do the adjectives in exercise 4 appear in? Complete the rule in the Learn this! box with colour, ‘material and shape. Order of adjectives When we have more than one adjective before a noun, they usually come in this order: 1 opinion 3 texture 2 size, length or 4 pattem or! 3 , Describe the other two outfits in exercise 1. He's wearing baggy bluejeans ‘Ask and answer these questions with a partner, Give reasons for your answers. 1 Do you like buying clothes? 2 Are you interested in fashion? 3 Do you wear fashionable clothes? Why? / Why not? BB VOCABULARY BUILDER 2:PAGE27|Grammar Present tense contrast Icon use different tenses to talk about the present and future. 1 Look atthe picture of Zoe. What is she doing? Max. Hey, Zoe. You're always using the computer when | need it! It's so annoying! Zoe I'm chatting with Ella Ella Hi, Max. What are you up to? Max. Oh, hi, Ella. 'm doing my science homework, but | need to look something up onthe internet Zoe Ask Ella. She always comes top of the class in science. Max. OK, what about this? At what temperature does ‘oxygen change from a gas to aliquid? Ella Minus 183° C. Max Wow! Thanks, Ella, Zoe Hey, Ella, do you fancy seeing Inception at the cinema tonight? Ella OK. What time does it start? Zoe Seven. 'm meeting jo at 6.45 outside the cinema, Max. Cool. | love science fiction films, Can | come? Zoe No, you can't! 2 (GN rea ana sten tone lagu Unceine me examples of the present simple and present continuous forms in the tet. 3 Study the examples in the dialogue. Then write simple or continuous for each use in the chart below. Which two uses refer to the future? Coe 1 (___)forhabits and routines. 2 (for something happening now or about now, 3 for describing annoying behaviour (with always) (ora permanent situation ar fact (Dor arrangements inthe future. (for timetables and schedules (e.g. cinema programmes) Read the Learn this! box and find two examples of state verbs in the dialogue in exercise 1. Dynamic and state verbs Dynamic verbs describe actions and can be used inthe simple or continuous forms. State verbs describe states orsituations, and are not usually used in continuous renses. Common state verbs include: believe belong forget hate know like love mean need prefer remember understand vant D ma Complete the dialogue wit the present simple or present continuous form of the verbs in brackets. Listen and check. lla Who '( 1 (you J phone)? Zoe Jo. The film [____) (stan) in ive minutes. She J never J artve) on time. .. Hi Jo } (you come) to See the film? .. OK She (— ust J get off the bus. She'llbe herein a minute. Ela Great. What (you / do) after the film? Zoe we’(___}(@0) fora pizza, (you f want) to join ust Ella Yes, 1*(___) (love) pizza. But the last bus home (leave) at 10.30. ! mustn't miss it Max Hi, 208-Hi, Ela Zoe what") (you / do) here, Max? Max I'm going to see the film. | (wai) for Sam. Shall we all sit together? Zoe No way! D m7 For each verb below write two sentences, one in the present simple and one in the present continuous. Remember that the present continuous can refer to current actions or future arrangements, [gp es! go have play speak study wear My dad goes 40 wort by bus Tomorrow he’s going to wort by car 7 EQZMIGA Tell your partner: 11 two things you do every weekend and two things you don't do, 2. two things that are happening inthe classroom now. 3 two things you're doing this evening and two things you aren't doing, 4 two facts about yourself or your fiends. 5 two things that people are always doing which annoy you, unit 1 » causita sicoaaig 1C Caretta ern eee a aera 1 Look at the photo and answer these questions. 1 What do Closed-Cicult Television (CCT) cameras record? 2 Where do you usually find CCTV cameras? 28 Read the text. What sort of text is it? @ anopinion article b amnarrative ¢ a description Today, there are more then And whet about sotelites? four milion CCTV comeras Are they wotching us from in Brain. Tha¥'s one camera space? How much can for every fifteen people. they see? Anybody with a The cameras are nere lo computer can downioaa fim dangerous orilegal “Google Earth and get ‘behaviour. But they don'tjust satellite photos of the entire. watch ciminas = they walch world. Perhaps governments ‘almost al of us, most ll are sing even more powerful clthetime. Every ime we satelite 1 watch heir Use a cashpoint machine, _cizens travel on public ranspor!or Even when you are at home, gointoashop, «camera you are nat necessary safe recordsour actions. Shops rom survllance, When you Say hats technology helps se your compuserf vis to catchshoplters—but only Websits, you re probably by reaing everybody 052 sending end ecelving potential riminal, ‘cookier without racing Comeros are nol the onlyway Cookies ransier information cof monioring eur actions fom your computer tthe Everytime you use your website an, theory, could mobilephone, the phone record witch websites you ‘compary knows the number visit Some cookies, called ‘ofthe phone you are caling ‘zombie cookies: ore very ‘end how long the eallas's, dificult teremove from your Itis even possible to work out computer. Modern technology your location. the police oflen is makingit easier and easier Use this information when 10 say in contac, butts dso they‘ investigating serious» making itneariy impossible crimes, forusto hide 3 Choose the correct answers. 1 CCTV cameras record the actions of 2 one in fifteen people in the UK. b four million pecple in the UK, all criminals in the UK. 4 neatly everybocy In the UK, 2 When you use a mobile phone, the company knows a the name of the petson you are speaking to. b what you are saying. how long you have had the phone. 4 where you are, {6 | Unita » Caught on camera 3 The author of the text thinks that governments a might use ‘Google Earth’ to help solve crimes. bb might be watching all of us from space. ¢ might record all of our phore calls 4 might record al of the websites we vst 4 When you suif the internet, cookies a record every letter that you type b record your passwords and emails, € send information to your computer. 4 send information to websites, 4)(QDOP Listen to martin and Sophie discussing the use of CCTV cameras. Answer the questions. 1 Who isin favour of CCTV cameras and who Is against them? 2 Does either of them change their mind? 5) (GPN0G MEENA Use the words betow to complete the opinions expressed by the speakers. Then listen again and check, Crime criminals guilty information police 1 ateters people from committing crime, 2 Personal privacy is more important than catching 3 Public(— is more important than personal privacy. Surveillance makes everybody feel. It’s the first step towards a(__. The police might misuse the’). We rely too much an(__— to solve social problems. 8 More surveillance means the(___] can catch more criminals 6 Put the sentences in exercise 5 into two groups: ‘Arguments for CCTV cameras and Arguments against CCTV cameras. in your opinion, which is the strongest argument in each group? 7 ESTEIMIIS Discuss these questions. Use the arguments. In exercise 5 and the phrases below to help you. 1 Are there a lot of CCTV cameras in your town? Where are they? Wry are they there? 2 Do you think CCTV cameras are a good thing ora bad thing? Why? / Why not? xoressing opinions I think / don't think You can't deny that in my opinion / view, here's no doubt thatOIA (Te oye g ty een eee ey aes 4. EEUU Look atthe photo. What do you think the woman's job is? ou cart avoid seeing images of supermodels wherever you a billooards, ‘They all want to work for big names, ike LOréalor “i they spend hours working ont in the gm and looking pearance, They seers aot to mind the altention «but jn the publi eye al the ime? afer their ap ‘what’ it actually ke being, 2 ead the text about supermodels. Find these verbs. Are they followed by an infinitive or an -ing form? 1 avoid) 3. spend (time) 2 want) 4 seem(___J 3 GUD steno a supermodettahig stout ert re these senlnces true orfalse? 1 She leads anormal 2. She doesn’t go out much. 3 Afriend of hers had problems with photographers. 4 II usten gnn compte ences wh ie correct form ofthe verbs in brackets. 1 Idon't expect(—} a perfectly normal life. (lead) 2 Some models hardly 20 out and they avoid) to clubs and restaurants. (go) 3 They never agree! ] for photos for the paparazzi. (pose) 4 I manage(———) my private life separate from my public fe, Keep 5 can’t imagine Jany privacy at all ~ that would awful. (not have) 6 He couldn'tface(_) thevilla. (leave) 7 Sole ended up(——Jin the villa for most ofthe holiday. (sty) 5 Add the verbsin exercises 2and 4 to the chart below. fancy, feel ike, can’t help sugest, decide, happen. mean promise, © Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning asthe first, Use the verbs in brackets and an infinitive or -ng form. 1 Sara thinks that she'll bea model when she's older, (expect) Sara(____}a model when she’s older. 2 My mum Rates to see very thin models. (cant stand) My mum( very thin models. 3 | really like reading fashion magazi i fashion magazines 4 He says he won't eat food that is bad fer him, refuse He(_—_}food thats bad for him. 5. Vivienne didnt manage to keep her contract with Max Factor. (fail) Vivienne(_———) her eantract with Max Factor. 6 Pete's always looking inthe mirror. i's so annoying! tkeep) Pete(_—Jin the minor. it's $0 annoying! {really don't want to watch another fashion show. (con't face) | really another fashion show. (enjoy) Verbs that change their meaning. Some verbs can be followed by an infinitive or an -ing form, without much difference in meaning: ave to take photos. / love taking photos. It started to rain, /It started raining. Some verbs change meaning depending on whether they are followed by an infinitive or an -ing form: forget goon remember stop ty 7. Read the Leara this! box. Then translate these sentences. How does the meaning of the verbs change? 1 Don't forget to watch the match on Saturday. 2 /llmnever forget watching the World Cup Final 3. He stoppedto buy same bread, 4 He stopped buying bread. 5 | tried windsusfing, but | didn’t lke it, 6 tried to windsuef, but | couldn't even stand up on the board. > & 8 [SEE Workin pairs. Tell your partner bout something that you: 1 forgot to do, 2 will never forget doing. 3. never remember to do. 4 tried to do, but couldn. 5 tried doing, but didn't enipy. Unita = caus1 Look at the photo. What can you see? Whatis happening? Do you like the painting? 2 (GIN Read the tnt. Choose the best summary. 1 Nel Harbison usd to be colourbind, but a special device now means he can see colours tough sound athough he stil usualy paints in black ane white 2 Colouring sine bith, Nel Harbison can ow paint in colour. But he st very happy with is paintings and thinks the deve ne wears is unconforable and nosy 3 Neil Harbisson used to paint in black and white, but now paints in colour. He is colour-blind and wears a special device that makes sounds corresponding to the colour he is looking at. 3 Read the text again. Match the headings (1~7) with the paragraphs (A-P) There is one heading that you do not need 1 Alucky meeting 2 Amore complex device 3. The deviee is too noisy 4 How Neils life has changed 5 Colour-blind since birth 6 Some unexpected problems 7 How the device works 4 Answer the questions. BPs 1 Is Neil completely colour bind? 2 How did Neil meet Adam Montandon? 3. What type of sound does the device make when the (2) ed light? () vote tight? 4 ow does the Eyeborg that Neil wears now differ from the fist device that Adam made for him? 5 What else does Neil have to cary with him, apart from the camera? 6 How does the fact that Nel played! help him to use the Eyeborg? 7 What problems has the Eyeborg caused Neil? e piano as a child Unit 1» Caught on camera ‘AC Imagine being totally colour-biind, living in. world of greys, being unable to see the difference between red and blue or yellow ‘and pale green. That’s what life is like For Neil Harbison. He was born with an irreversible condition called achromatopsia, or total colour blindness. That would moke life difficult For anyone, tut Neil is an artist - and the Incredible thing is, he paints in colour. &Q) When Neil wos on art student, he only pointed in bleck, white and grey because that is all he saw. He was very dissatisfied with his paintings. But one dau, o young scientist Called Adam Montandon visited the college to give a lecture. The two met and when Neil explained his problem, dam decided to try 10 find o way toallow Neil to‘see’ colours using sound. CC) Neil thought it was an impossible task. but dam made o special device that let him “heor’ six colours, This is how it worked: light travels in waves, and different colours of light have different wavelengths. Red light has @ long wavelength and violet light has a short wavelength. Adam used this Fact to 5 Road the information in the Learn this! box and find five more adjectives with prefixes in the text. Adjective prefixes Weuse the prefixes un-, dis- and in- to give an adjective he opposite meaning, uncomfortable — dissatisfied Before m and p, in- usually changes to im: impossible Before r, in- usually changes to ir irresponsible Before |, in- usually changes to i-: logical incredible BD VOCABULARYBULOER 1.468327 TEYEIG Discuss this question in pairs or small groups. Brainstorm ideas first. What problems does a person who is totally colour-bind face in everyday life? 7 Present your three best ideas to the class.create o camera z thot measures 3 the wavelength 2 woveleng a of the light that s = enters it ond then * mokesosound that = corresponds to the s colour of the light. so, B iF the comera sees ted, 53 itmakes clow sound, iFitsees violet, it makes 0 high sound Dj Adam hos now developed a much more sophisticated device, called the Eyeborg, that allows Neil to see 360 different colours. Nell wears @ comers on his head, which is attached to o laptop computer in a backpack. The computer analyses the colour and sends a sound to Nels wireless headset. t wos 0 bit uncomfortable at First, but Neil soon got used to it E_) The Eyeborg has made « huge difference to Nel's art. He now uses a wide range of colours. IF he wants to paint something, he points his comera at it and memorises the sound, Then he starts mixing colours, pointing his camera at the paint, ‘and stops mixing when he heors the some sound again, Neil has had to memorise a lot of sounds, but he played the plano as o child ond this has helped him a great deol F ‘ve got used to all the sounds; he says. It's noisy, but probably not much noisier than a busy city street’ However, ithas created some unusual problems. People sometimes think that he is videoing them and they den’ like that. Security uords occasionally ask him to leave shops! But Neil is now inseparable from his Eyeborg and wears it all the time,Look at the photo and identify the people and things, below, DI ss students arguing pre, ich othe following does he include in his description? a actions b experiences ¢ people d location Complete the phrases the student used for identifying people and things in the photo. Use the prepositions below. 1a signtthe background 2 the man(_Jthe grey sult 3 the people(_the right of the man 4 (the top right-hand cornar af the phato 5 the woman(_)long blonde hair 6 the people( the left Expressions with look look (abit / just) like + noun / person look + adjective look as though /as if/like + clause Read the Learn this! box. Then complete the sentences with the correct form of the expressions with look. ait Jit says "Theatre 2 The woman in the sunglasses a pop singer or film sta 3 He very excited. 4 They! paparazzi 5 itt she's signing her autograph. 40 | Unita » Caught on camera [Hse ssn and check aowersio series Sand 4 Read the exam strategy. Complete the phrases with the verbs below. EIn ‘After you have described the picture, the examiner will ask you some questions. When you answer these questions from the examiner, do not give single-sentence answers. In arder to create time to think, you can use these phrases: that for a moment. i've never realy tes dificult RR tens tne nes part othe exam. How many questions daes the examiner ask? Which phrases rom the xan strategy does the student use? Work in pairs Student A: make notes about the phato below. Student B: make nates about the photo on page 7. Then describe your phototo your partner, using phrases from exercise 3 and the Learn this! box. Work in pairs. Take turns to ask your partner the questions below. When you answer the questions, use phrases from the exam strategy ifyou need time to think Questions for Student A to answer: 1 Why do you think the photographers are taking photos? 2 Do you think there’s too much sport on television and in the newspapers? Why co you think that? Questions for Student B to answer: 1. Do you think this woman enjoys her job? Why? / Why not? 2. How difficult do vou think iti being in the public eve all the time?UL mete ace Pe ge a ee Dear Mary, Tm dohana Paulereva. 'm 17 years 5 f old and I'm from Ostrava, My dad fg a shop manager and my mum is a nurse, I've got two brothers. They are called Jan and Rober ike reading and watohing fins {alse line spending te wk fay ends, We ofien g ShoppI9g regener, or to a oat or the cinema fo Gymndaiva Pisek. There are 600 suger 0 ae eearand 25 in my class Tm studying for Astonia oxam. 1 tudy fvesujects ‘What time does your plane arrive in Ostrava? Please let mo know, See you soon. Rogards ohana 1 Lock atthe photo with the second letter. Describe Pablo's family (appearance, age, clothes, etc) 2. Read the letters quickly. Answer these questions. 1 Who are Jotana and Pablo writing to? 2 Why are they writing? Choose two of the reasons below, toaskforinfoimation to askfornews to give news to introduce themselves 3. Read the exam task and the exam strategy. How well do Johana and Pablo follow the instructions in the task? British exchange student is coming to stay at your house fora week. ite a letter (120-150 words) to him / her. + Introduce yourself and give zome information about your family. + Give some information about your hobties. + Give some information about your school. ‘+ Ask about his / her plane times and offer to meet him / her at the airport Emme Read the question very carefully and make sure you include all the information that is required and that your letter is the correct length. When you have finished, read the question again and double-check your work. 4 Find words and expressions in Pablo's letter with similar meanings to the words and expressions below. 1 nearto 3 ike sca Zalotof 4 write tome 5 arrives 6 collect you from Hi Like My name ic Pb Poon ar Lm yrs 6 ve in A lage gate cose 10 Mordoca wither msn dak a oder distr. Tve got loads of ebbiee Ned hes ove football laying and watching and I gp nant 4 lot Lim into camputer games aad T ke tony a music. My faveurite band is tho Binek Eyed Pons op to “nstlato Parragal Dn francisco de Aero Sin cong for my exams inclding Engin, of ena! Py bot ace is mans, and my worst is robabiy history Dove aoe students in my class - ten girls a and tweve boy Drop wee tne and let re knoe rat tne you plone gets in we Bente airport. Lim relly at forward +o mee parece cope Pabio 5. What differences are there between Johana and Pablo's letters? Think about: use of paragraphs, sentence structure and varity of vocabulary. 6 Choose the most appropriate options for an informal letter. There may be more than one possible answer. 1 Start the letter with: Hi Mike / Dear Mike / Dear Sir. 2 Finish the letter with: Write soon / Awaiting your reply / | ook forward to hearing from you / Bye 3. Before you sign your name write: Best wishes / Yours faithfully / All the best / Regards. 4 You should use full forms (am) / contracted forms (I'm), 5 You can use / shouldn’t use informal and colloquial language (e.g. mates rather than friends). T You are going to spend a week at the home of a British exchange student. Write a letter (120-150 words) to him / her. Busou Introduce yourself and give some information about your family. Give some information about your hobbies. ‘Ask about the town you are going to stay in (size, things todo, etc), Tell him / her about your travel arrangements and ask who will meet you at the airport. Creare Unita » causGet Ready for your Exam Listening 1. EAELTAUISE Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions, 1 Do you judge people by their appearance? Why? / Why nat? 2. Ave first impressions important? Why? / Why not? 2 (GPP IY) po the exam task listen and choose the correct answers: A,B or C. 1 Ifyou are uahappy with your appearance, ‘A. you'll make other people unhappy too. Bit will affect your behaviour. © other people won't appreciate you. Ifyou accept things about yourself that you cannot change, ‘A. you will feet more confident B_ you will nd its easier to hide these things. © you will fet proud, 3 The speaker advises us to [A throw away old clothes even if they look good. B throw away clothes that don’t suit us. © pay for some good advice. 4 The speaker advises us to ‘A get anew pair of jeans. B become bodybuilders. © exercise because it will make us feel better. 5. On the whole, the speake”s attitude is A helpful B critical, © neutral. Speaking 3 Describe photo A below. Say: + where the women are and what they are doing + how they ae feeling and why. 42+) Get Ready for your Exam 1 ‘4 dothe exam task. Compare and contrast the two photos in exercise 3. Answer the questions. 1 Who is buying clothes ‘ofthe peg"? Who is having clothes specially made? 2 What are the advantages and disadvantages of having specially made for you? 3. Which shopping experience would you find more enjoyable? Why? 4 Do you prefer shopping alone, or with someone else? Why? Use of English 5 Do the exam task. fetes Choose the best word(s) (A-D) to complete each gap. Self-cooling clothes may seem *(_ the stuff of science ction, but one japanese company |___created such products by *{___] fans to shirts and jackets. Shirts and jackets *(—) by Kuchou-fuku keep the wearer comfortable *{ in sweltering heat. And they're also environmental friendly as they use just one-fitieth ‘the energy of small air-conditioner units which gol entire rooms. The company has sold about 5,500 afthe garments ‘(__} they went on sale three years ago, mostly to factory workers. But (coal the clothes are, they seem unlikely ?{ very popular. The fans fill the shirts with air, making the wearers look abit fat. ‘My daughter won't wear them because the shape is no good, admitted Hiroshi Ichigaya, "(—) works forthe company that produces the clathes. LAssimilar —B like Cas Dio 2 Aillhave B has Chave —D having 3 A add Btoadd C adding D added 4 Amake — B-making C makes D made 5A although Beven CC however _D despite 6 Aof Bio € than D for TAwhen Bwhile — C for D since 8 A whatever B however C how D although 9 Atobecome B become C becoming D became A which = B that = © who D whose(cla CoN Mem ele Clu eel Pe 6 ‘Match 1-7 with A-G to make expressions describing some interesting act 41 This event depends on the Then answer the questions below. [0 weather. ae aan 2 This event teachesyou how to 2 wal music make people laugh. 3 row C aboat 4 design D the tgntrope 3 This event gives you the chance 5 do E with three objects to be on stage, 6 juggle F metal jewellery ‘4 This event is only on some 7 play Gakite aftemeans. 1 Which isa sporting activity? eS I 2 Which activities require creative skis? eer canae 3 Which activity can’t be done ifthere's no wind? 6 This event includes a T othe exam task. compen Read the texts. Match the texts (A-E) with the statements produce something, (17). Each text can be used more than once. Write the line number where you find evidence for the statement, LLL Writing B Do the exam task. You have recently moved, and changed school. Write a letter to a British penfiiend in which you: A [Come andshare al the fun ofthe circus! You willean how tojugale with 23 and éobjects You can practise walking the -ightrope Dont worry isnt dangerous! Lear clown tree ety the lon emia axl riemyor come ‘© Give some information about your new schcol and your ‘Monday. Tuesday and Thursday 1-5 pm.Sessionstakeplacein 5 new class _themain tent next to the lake ‘+ Describe who you have met and how you have be B | Bocretiv and riginaljewelery mating for everyene welcomed into yournew school Design your own necklaces and bracelets Learn howto work ‘© Describea new friend you have made with leather, metal stores, feathers ad bone. Makebeautiful ‘+ Describe the friend's appearance and his / her interests ‘its for yourself and others. Every morning from T0am.til 10 ‘© Say what you like about him / her and how you spend T2noon You wil need two or three mernings tomale a great your fee time together. piece of jewellery. raft tent beside Gate2 [)Geme ywith ust We have amazing kts available ll shaped ‘and sizesallcolours, big and small. Leara how toflyther _and do stunts and tricks. Try our enormous sit-on kite and fy yourself Every afternoon from 2jpum.when it winey Cometo thehill behind the Foodtents. D [ome andlisten to our fantastic ve bands - Black Stipes ‘Snakebite and Fallacy! And introducing The Rinmaters. Jain them for alive performance. Open microphonespat- 20 ‘make some music yourself. Bring along an instrument. “you have one or us sng. You might even become famous! All day. everyday Cometo stages 1,2and 3. [Messing about on the water join inthe rowing race once ‘cross thelake, Great prizes tobe woriLearnhowterow- 25 lessons forall ages Anytime. rainy. put on raincoats Lessons “every moming aces at 2pm. Come to the per onthe ok. Get Ready foA(eTercLeNCIavm sii Clg [el] clothes pera eo 1 Label the clothes with the words below. ‘exercise 1. if 3 ao: a eet Nee 5 Don't wear[____} shoes to the nightclub. You can’t fm must be at east twenty years old. I don'ttike ( ) jeans. | prefer themto be bit baggy. My brother is really}. Allthe gis in his class fancy him dance in them: 6 People from Africa are usually] Thete'sa(___) spider in the bath 8 My brother has just spent two weeks lying on the beach 6 ed in Spain. He's very 9 t's quite unusual for} people to have black hai eS 10 Aperson with wide shouldersis (—)} SS 15] Aiictve pines 1 Add the correct prefix: un-, dis-, in-, im-, il- or ir- to the words below. 1 Clresponsible 7 C2 believable O mature redi 2 male om ome ea 2. Match the pictures (1-12) in exercise 1 with the words 4 Olegal 10 C)possible (ack) below. 5 CJ honest 11 obedient a logo _Z. ety 1 strap) 6 Ciiterate 12 C) rational b dawsting fF sleeveC Jj zip 2 Rewrite the sentences using a prefix to givethe adjectives caf) g tum-ups button hc orvesi sconce bucket) fh callar(—) : oO 1 My mum's very patient. 5 eat at egular times. ao i mum’ very impatient’ 6 Ithink'm quite E] Compound adjectives 2 My bedrooms quite tidy. sensitive 3. My writing’s always 7 This chairs very Loox our! legible. comfortable. A compound adjective isa single adjective made up of Mgt neue i tus raedical conabinnn two or more words. These words are inked together with a sea EE hyphen to show that they are part of the same adjective. shor sleeved _blueayed Noun formation from verbs and adjectives 1. Match each word in A ith a word in B to make compound : adjectives. Bs SAU Sar gies Gen Eres an FRG We use -ment and ian to form nouns from verbs, cst A ioskie a 2 and we use -ness to form nouns from adjectives. The spelling sometimes changes. 2broad | [fitting 7tish | [heeled disappoint) disappointment (n) 3 blue shouldered} [8 old tanned hesitate () hesitation (n) good |feved fashioned hhappy (ac hnappiness () S tight | [haired iolone | [skinn VocalGrammar Builder and Reference Order of adjectives ied ace a abecives brie etouiroe er oe eee opinion | size |age | colour | origin a lovely a nice tall young big old blue French leather bag English man 1. Putthewords in the correct order to make sentences. 1 leather / at / miniskirt / Look / fabulous / that Look at that fabulous, leah 2 wearing / an / blouse / elegant / white / She's / lacy 3 shoes / high-heeled / wearing / ridiculous / She's. 4 tight / socks hate / nylon 5 6 7 skirt / wearing / velvet /a / She's { spotty stripy / green / like / your / tracksuit /| / bagey a / Thats / ch ked / Jacket / scruffy [2] Dynamic and state verbs Dynamic verbs dest continuous forms, Leung ten Klomeres every day ibe action. They canbe used in simple and running in @ race at the moment Yerbs describing a state or situation are not usually used in ‘continuous tenses (ai tate af mind) INOT~ Fmnotunderstanding you.) ‘This book belongs to me. (possession ) NOT Hes bootcis telongingte-mes) Common state verbs: Vundstand jou Believe belong forget hate Uke love need pieter remember understand want Be careful. Sometimes state verbs can be used with a “dynamic? meaning and therefore we can use continuous tenses ‘This cheese tastes nce, (eature describing the cheese) liv tbeting cheer at toe moment, (action) There is a group of verbs that can be used as eitherstate or dynamic verbs, These are some of them: appear consider feel look think When a verb describes an action we can use eitherthe continuous or the simple form. However, when we are describing state we must use the simple form. 108 | Grammar Guilder and Reference think Youthink tao mucht Iahlokyourskit fs What are yu thinkingabout? 190 shor. feel How do youfeel? ‘Meet that he should im feeling tl apologise. ook fyou look carefully you can That bed doesn’t just see the sea, look very What are you tooking tz comfortable. We see with our eyes. {see what you 1'm seeing doublet mean. smell often smellthe flowers in This chease smells the garden. horrible! The dog is smelling its food. teste Taste the pasta and see if tthe pizza tastes needs more salt. good. He's tasting the wine, not drinking appear Harry always appearswhen She appears to be food is ready. inher mid-teens. Jennifer Aniston is appearing a play in London next week. 1. Choose the correct tense, Say whether the verb is dynamic orstate, He thinks / He's thinking i'l rain tomorrow. Mandy has / Mandy's having breakfast. He appears / He's appearing to be wearing a hat. {feel /P'm feeling abit silly inthis sut. We consider / We're considering moving abroad That burger tastes / is tasting disgusting! 2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the dynamicand state verbs below. belong know not like need not memew 1 ‘Why are you siting there daing nothing?! “((—. fora film to star.” 2 [1 you {1 when Jason is arriving? 3 Venjor listening fo music, but (1 dancing to it very much. 4 | ___} anew computer. The one I've got is really ol¢ and Sow. 5 I've met her before, but | (___) her name. 6 it(__] and haven't got a hat or gloves, lthis DVD) to?" “i's Margarets3 Complete the pairs of sentences withthe present simple or present continuous form ofthe verbs. 1 see a | George tonight. We're gcing to what you're trying to say, but | don’t agree. a This fish) really good. Is there any more? b ‘What are you doing?" | (1) the sauce to check: that it's got enough sat 3 smell a ‘Putyourshoes back on, Your feet (awful ‘The dog (1 my sock. It must smell good!” 4 feet a ‘Your shit (really smooth, isit cotton?” b Mum (1) my brother’ leg to make sure it isn't broken, 5 look a ‘That hoody (cool. Where did you buy it” bb Liam is inthe clothes shop overthere. He (1. at the Jackets. Present tense contrast We use the present simple to talk about: * habits and routines. Fragually get up at eight lock, + apermanent sitsation or fact, ack lives in Lordon. t's his hex + timetables and schedules. The train leaves at 430 tomorrow morning Spelling: verb + third person singular ‘= We usually add =s to the verb: I start Irstarts «Ifthe verb endsin ch,=ss, They teach, Wachee. We dorit teach, He doesn't seach, + Ifthe verb ends in a consonant -y, we add -es and change yto -i: ‘is don't carry He dosen't ca We use the present continuous to talk about: + things that are happening now. ‘Were watching a movie right nem Come over! ‘= annoying behaviour with always ites always talking about himselt + for arrangements in the near future Silly and Tom are fing to Rone newt Friday Spelling : verb + «ing form + We add ~ing form to most verbs: Vit She's waiting * ifthe verb ends ina consonant » ~e we usually drop the -e and add —ing They amie. were + ifthe verb endsin a short, accented vowel and a consonant, we double the consonant n=» -mming -9-©-o9ing -p-» -pping -t-»-tting You step. Theyre stopping 1. Decide ifthe sentences are correct or not. Correct the sentences that ae incorrect. P= 1 ts your dad usually wearing a suit to work? 2 1 lve with afer in reland for 2 month. 3 What are you reading atthe moment? 44 The train is arriving this evening at six clack. 5, We don’t goto the cinema this Fiday night. ‘ 7 8 It's quite cold today. | take a coat. She's a sulgean. she works na hospital ‘My brother's always borrowing my mobile! it's really initating! 2. Complete the pairs of sentences with the present simple or present continuous form of the verbs in bracket. 1 a Matthew usually (1) jeans to school. (wear) b He(____1 trousers today. (wear) 2 a |can'tunderstand this film. What language (1) they (7 (speak) b I'm going to aly on holiday, but | Italian (not speak) 3a Mysister(—_) in London at the moment. (live) b Myuncle InSpain. He moved there 25, years ago. (live) 4 a I'm getting fed up with my litle sister. She) t (@lways interrupt) b He) when someone else is speaking. (never interrapb 5 @ What time {1 you (Kate this evening? (meeb) b What time (1) the film (“this evening? (tar) 6 a Mymum ( towork. She usually goes by bus. (rot wall) bb Today the buses are on strike, so she ( ) (walk) to work. [4] Verb patterns Somme verbs are followed by an infinitive. fo fri bis homework Other verbs are followed by the ing form. Sall fancied going avay for the weekend,verb + infinitive ee agree mean’ avoid feel like docide pretend can’tfaco imagine expect promise can’t help ist on fail refuse can'tstend keep happen seem enjoy spend (time) hope want fancy suggest manage The negative In both cases Is formed by adding not betoretne verb: He decided not to go to te party imagine not being able to se 1. Complete the sentences with the conect form ofthe verbs in brackets 1 Canyou imagine (—_) (not have a fridge? 2 They agreed (1 (pot stay) out ate 3 Ieel ike (—1.Gee) a fim tonight 4 Did you manage (1 (do) the shopping? 5 My parents refuse) (buy) mea laptop. 6 7 8 9 Hamry can’t face (1) (do) the washing today. He suggested (___ (eat) at anew restaurant. She pretended (—_} (not see) him. We avoid (—___} (drive) to London in the rush hour. [55] verbs that change their meaning ‘Some verbs can be followed by either the infinitive or the ing for. In both cases the meaning of the verb is very similar. (ike fo get up early ike getting up early VocAnAnYBUOHR 23S 5 Plan a narrative about an interesting experience, real or invented. Use this paragraph plan to help you. Paragraph 1: Set the scene. Where were you? When? Wha were you with? Paragraph 2: Lead-up. What happened just before? What did you see / think? Paragraph 3: Main event. What happened? How did you Feel? ~ Paragraph 4: The ending. What happened in the end? How did you feel afterwards? How did people react? BB) 6. wie a naratie wing your plan fom exercise 5, Wite PSE 220-250 words and try to include some time expressions. 2 Read Liam’s paragraph plan. Decide where the paragraph, breaks should be in his narrative. Paragraph 1: Set the scene ~ we go tothe beach. Paragraph 2: Lead-un ~ shouting. Somebody in difficulty. Paragraph 3: Main event ~ gil is rescued. Paramedics and mother arrive. Paragraph &: The ending - the girl and her mother leave, butwe feel strange. Unit 2 «Vocabulary Builder 1 Read the information in the Learn this! box. Use a suffixto form nouns from the verbs and adjectives below and write ‘them in the correct column ofthe chart. Use a dictionary to help you if necessary. confuse depress embarrass enjoy excite fate kind nervous. sad 1 ___) | tortion 1 J 2 Complete the sentences wth nouns from the chartin ‘exercise 1, More than one answer may be possible. 1 My dad, mybrother and my sister all have frst names beginning with ‘0, which causes aot of ____} when the post arrves 2 After losingher job, she suffered from (for several yeas. 3. 'm notverygood at tennis, but get aot f from i 4 Thankyou for showing me such [ You were there when needed you. 5 Imagine my(__l when | felt off my seat inthe iniddle ofthe pay! 6 love going to football matches. You don't get the sane (when you watch it on Tv LOOK our! Some related nouns and adjectives / verts do not follow a simple pattern, Use a dictionary to help you learn these. verb adjective noun relieve relieved relief shame ashamed shame shack shacked shack 3 Read the Look out! box. Then use a dictionary to find the nouns related to these adjectives. bored guilty jeaious pleased proud satisfied EJ -ed / -ing adjectives Adjectives ending in -ed usually describe how a person eels, A similar adjective ending in -Ing describes what causes that feeling, was bored because the film was boring This map is confusing. I'm confused. Vocabulary Builder Choose the correct adjectives. 1 The match was really excited / exciting, Liverpool won in the last minute of the gar Iwas really shocked / shocking to hear about your accident, 3. I'can't get this new camcarder to work, The instructions are really confused / confusing. 4 I dropped all my books as |was going into class. Itwas very embarrassing / embarrassed! 5 Alistairis really ivitated /initating! He keeps talking ‘when I'm tring to concentrate. 6 His parents were very disappointed / disappointing when they read his school report. + Phrasal verbs consist ofa verb and o! prepositions. Some phrasal transitive, which means they are used with an object. We turned the music off + Other phrasal verbs are intransitive, which means they are used without an abject. She stood up, + Some phrasal verbs can be transitive ar intransitive, Often, the meaning changes. The planetook off. I taok off my coat. + Some phrasal verbs can have more than one meaning. The context wil help you decide which meaning & correct or look in a dictionary The protesters took on the police. (= fought against) The restaurant took on anew waitress. (= employed Use a dictionary to check the meaning of the phrasal verbs below. Then use each phrasal verb to complete two of the sentences (1-8). Use the past simple. bring up giveaway puton turn up 1 He was a millionaire, unti he] most of his money to charity. 2 My grandparents were poor, but they (____} three healthy, happy children 3 The teacheraccidentally ( first question: 4 We ten minutes ate for the opera and they refused t0 Bt us in. 5 1(__lthe TV when Lady Gaga started performing 6 My brother was really embarrassed when 1{____]the subject of his first girlfriend. 7 When | phoned my uncle,! (____} a different voi that he wouldn’t know it was me. 8 She stood up,(___} her hat and watked out. ) the answerta the1 Complete each sentence with the past simple and the past Continuous form of the verbs in brackets. 1 James (1 (wait) for the bus when he) (Gee) his giiend with another boy. 2 Marcus (___) (brea) his arm while he { (play ice Radke. 3 We (stop) playing tennis because (et) dark 4 We (1 (have) dioner when my dad) (et) home 5 Thesun ( ] (shine) so we (decide) to go to the beach, 61 (listen) to my MP3 player, sol (1) (notheay the doorbell 2. Complete the sentences with the past simple and the past perfect form of the verbs In brackets, 11 _auldct_ (can) phoneyou because! had efi (leav ‘my phone at home. 2 Lucy __] (run) altthe way here, soshe (1) (fee) exhausted. 3 My piano teacher (1) (get) angry because 1) (not practise 4 AS soonas we (finish) lunch, we (1). (0) into town, 5 Bythetime we (____) (arrive) at the cinema, the film CJ Gan 6 Mum(__} (shout) at me because! (___). (nottidy) the kitchen. 7 By midnight, Joanna still (not phone), sol ( 1} (go) to bed, 3. Choose the best ending for each sentence: a orb. 1 | didn’t have any money or the bus because | a spentitall, bb hiad spent ital. 2 Iwasa hot and sunny day, but a cool breeze a bew, 'b was blowing, 3 When the phone rang, Lucy a answered it. b was arswering it, 4 | couldn't hearthe film because the people in front of me a were making a lot of noise. had made @ lot of noise, 5 Inthe morning, we coulen't see ou footprints in the snow because during the night it ‘a. was snowing again. by had snowed again 6 had to use my brothers laptop because | 1a brake mine bb had broken mine used to We use used to + infintive to that are different now. [used to live abroad, (Uived ther bout | don’t live there anymore.) Liveed to work in a newspaper chop at weekends, (worked regularly in the past, but | don't row) be past situations or habits fora long time in the past, ‘AMfiemative Nogative interrogative Sally used olive Sally didn’tuse to Did Sally use to in Scotland, livein England. livein Ireland? 1. Complete these facts with used to and the verbs in brackets 1 The Toltecs from Mexico { ight) with wooden swords so they didn't kill heir enemies 2 The Anglo Saxons (__} (kil babies who were bor, on Friday. 3 Coca-Cola (the) sreon 4 Before 1687, clecks (____ (not have) two hands. 5. The Mona Lisa, now in the Louvre art gallery, (____) (hang) on Napoleon’s bedroom wall 6 Before 1820, Americans [ J (not eat) tomato. because they thought they were poisonous. 2. Write the used to form of the verbs in brackets. Use the affirmative or negative, depending on the meaning. 1. We didnt use to lve (live) near the sea, but now we live on the cast. 2 1(___ (eal) unhealthy food, but now | eata lot of crispsand chocolate, 3 This building (be) a post office, but aow it's an Internet caf 4 There(____) (be) a shopping centre in this town, but it closed last year, 51 (like) romantic comedies, but now! watch them allthe ti 6 Ournext doar neighbours} (have) a BMW, but now they drive an electric car 7 1} (do) my homework on time, but now | usually handitin late. 3 Write questions and answersabout Sam with used to. m= J have longhair? Yes No 2 wearglasses? No Yer 3 play the piano? Yes No 4 eat meat? No Yes 1 Did Sam vse to have long hair? No, he diet iePIC Cuen iacucures 4 Complete the sentences with / used to or 'm used to 1 lived in London forten years, so (big cities 2 [didn’t lke these glasses at first, but { them now, 3 can speak Portuguese because five in Brazil 4 Im disappointed with this exam result because (better marks. 5 [never go running now, but 6 The weather heres terrible, but it Exclamatory sentences We use exclamatory sentences beginning with What ‘or How... to react strongly to something, ‘We use How... with an adjective, How strange! How funny! We use What... with @ noun or an adjective followed by a noun, what aimeall What ar incredible story! What lovely thes 1. Choose the correct words, 41 My dad fell asleep in the middle ofan interview! What/ How funny: 2 got lost in the centre of Tokyo. What / How a nightmare! 3 Myuncle’s house burned down ina fire. What / How terrible! 4A |keep getting text messages from somebody Idon't know. What / How strange! 5 When | got home, there was a burglar in the kitchen. What / How a shock! 6 failed all of my exams! What / How a disaster! 7 Why don't we have a party at What / How a great idea! 8 Ny dad is going to buy mea new phone! What / How wonderfull end of term? [&:] Defining relative clauses Defining relative clauses come immediately after a noun and give vital information about that noun, He's the doctor she doctor who helped my grandmother, ‘They can ga in the middle or at the “The man whe told me about this plate vas old (met the young woman who cuts your hair Defining relative pronouns are different depending on whether they refer to people, places, things or possessions, dof sentences. We do not 112 | Grammar Guilder and Reference who(that) people where places Which that) things whose possessions Who or which can refer to the subject ar object ofa sentence. When they refer to the object, itis possible to 0 whict: mit who or ‘Shes the grt who works here, (subject) ‘She’ the git who | mel. (objecd ‘She's the girl | saw on he bus, (object, omitting the pronoun) We often use that instead of which, We instead of wha in informal English: Here’ the book that you va Did yeu see the guy that Keed Mary? n also use that 1. Choose the correct words. 1 He's the police oficer whe / whase carwas involved in an accident. 2. He works in the department where / which my aunt is in charge of 3 That's the women whose / who works a 60-hour week. 4 Jennys the IT consultant who / whose fixed our computers 5 She's the woman who / which applied forthe cleaning job. 6 Thats the building site where / whose my brother works. 7 Unskilled work is work which / who requires no qualifications. 8 India Is the place which / where a lot of call centres are located. 2 Complete the sentences with relative clauses. Use the Information below, hher company is really successful sister works there the new hotet will be there they make furniture his job is to change texts fram one language to another they make microchips they're researching climate change there 1 That's the theatre wbece sister works 2 She's the director) 3 He works ina laboratory 4 Thats the building site 5 Do you know any carpenters (1? 6 7 Tom works foran IT company (1) Atranslatoris aperson (1irra ACA Unit 1 1. Choose the correct words. 1. | like your sof, fluffy / seruffy scarf. it fur or wool? 2 Don't wear that checked / matching shirt with those stipy trousers! foo many different ‘look good! 3 | preferloose, baggy / smooth T-shirts to tight-fitting ‘4 You can't see her shoes. She's wearing a long-sleeved / full-length dress. 5 This T-shirtis made of natural mat cotton, arial. ts 100% nylon / a _ 2 Complete the postcard, Use the present simple or present continuous form of the verbs below. do go have remember stay wore rote. You're right. He aye Herein Lanzaroe, Yur apace 1*( Jt th beach every moening Udine hl Be Ta oS hing differnt. 4 span the north of the il See you s00r Sail 1d? Aver they amazing? (Ha) 3 Complete the conversation with the infinitive o «ing form ofthe verbs in brackets Mark Doyou fancy \_Go)to the Spitz concert, Jessie? Jessie Not really, Maik. really want) (watch) that new film atthe cinema Mark You mean True Grif? But you promised *(___ (see) that film with me! You keep ‘(forge the things you promise! I'm getting fed up with it Jessie 'm really sorry, Mark | didn't mean ‘(__) hur) your feelings. Look, I'l goto the concer with you om 4 Complete the sentences using the words below. about (ike looks on with Letme think( that for a minute. Can you see the boy(___}the right? That film (a bit boring. She looks (she’s happy. Do you recogaise that actor( (J the earing? 22} Language Review 1-2 unit 2 5 Choose the best adjective to describe each person's feelings: a,b orc 1 I wantec to buy that coat, but itwas too expensive. nervous b confused ¢ disappointed 2 I thought ’d lost my phone, but | found it in my pocket. a confused brelieved cembarassed 3 Ifa je next door, but she fancies my tend. ajealous batraid cguilty 4. My school got the best exam results in the country. aashamed bnervous cproud 5 F've been abroad fortwo months and 1 really want to see my friends and family amused b homesick eshocked Narke 150) 6 Match the sentence halves. (1 Kurtis really pleased a ofheights, 2 I'm fedup b ofhis behaviouryesterday, she's scared € with his new mobile phone Kevin and Megan 4 with you! You're so rude! felt guilty € about the lies they told, He's ashamed a) | 7 Choose the corect past form to complete the sentences. 1 ‘How did you get / were you geitng to school this moming?” “I walked / was walking.” 2 {did / was doing my homework, when the computer broke / was breaking. 3. When | lived / had lived in Rom: eating pasta eve 4. When we came / ad come home, mum already cooked / had already cooked dinner. 5. Did youuse to love / Were you loving rollexskating when you were / had Been yourger? ieee & Complete the dialoguewith the phracos below. \used toeat / was Inthe end Guess what itwas. How exciting! You'll never Boy ‘(J happened to me the other day? Gil What Boy Well, (__}Saturday night and | was walking into town, This huge car stopped beside me Gil Whowas it? Boy ‘(___ guess! itwas the lead singer of Psycho! Girl Noll*(__)What did he say? Boy He askad me to give him directions and then we chatted fora bit.’ }heSkills Round-up Reading 2. Read the letter from Anna Porucznik, an exchange student, and choose the best ending: a,b orc. Explain your choice, a Yours faithfully Yours sincerely ¢ Love bear Libby How are you? tn halfway through the first term at Liverpool University. My economics course is really hard, but I'm enjoying it 80 far: The bad news is, | need to find a new place to lve. At the moment, Ive got a room in a shared house, but there are six of us and only one bathroom! Also, 1 lost a CD last week and | think somebody in the house took it. | noticed a few other things had disappeared 00 ~ nothing big, just a magazine or two and some socks. When I realised what was happening, I was really shocked and upsel, | decided not fo talk to my housemates about it because | wasn't completely sure. But I definitely don't want to live here now! Tm eure I fold you about my friend Miko, We weed to work together at Golden Wills holiday camp. Now he orks for an IT company in Liverpool, but | dont see him very often. We're both really busy. That's all for now. When are you going to visit me? Anna 3 Are these sentences true or false? 1 Anna doesn’t ike her course beca t's too difcut.) 2 Anna shares a house wh five other people.() s 3 ana knows that somebody in her house stols her socks.) 4 Anna doesn’t wantto ie with ner housemates any longer) 5 Mike and Anna each other quite alot.) 6 Anna would like to see Libby.(_) Speaking 4 Work in pairs. Take turns to be A and B. A: You are Anna. Tell a friend what hapae! house and explain whyyou are leaving, G2 Vou dre Anna's fends Usten fo hernarative apd react using phrases from the speaking strategy on page 20. ed in your shared Listening 5. G¥1.24 Usten and answer the questions, BP" 1. Whyis Anna talking to Zara? 2 Where are they? 3 When are they planning to talk to each other again? a the owner of the flat b one of the people who rents the fat € the only person who rents th d the person who is leaving the flat, 2 When Anna tells Zara what happened in her house, Zara says a she is sure one of the housemates isa thie. b the same thing happened to € Anna probably just lost her things. d she knows who took them. 3 What kind of person does Anna say she is? a Very clean and tidy, hut not quiet b Quite friendly and easy-going, bul not ver tidy € Very tidy and quite easy-going and friendly. Quiet and friendly, easy-going and quite tidy 4 How much rent will Anna have to pay a month? af900 b£500 c£400 d £150 5 What must Anna do befare she moves into the flat? a She has to write Zara an email b She has to phone Zara € She has to pay a month's rent. d She has to sign some papers. Writing 7 Imagine you are Anna, Write a short informal leter to your friend, Libby. Tell her about Zara and your new fat. SkillsTHIS UNIT INCLUDES Vocabulary # jobs and gender activities at work describing work «expressing anopiion » agreeing and asapreeng = agent nouns» phrasal verbe Grammar + defining elative clauses # non defining relative clases ‘Speaking » cscussing work atroad « discussing workand gender = [ob interview ‘Weting =a formal tetter PPCM Ua HTM lato) aa ee ea es 1. Make a list of jobs. How many can you think of in two minutes? 2 Read the jab adverts. Use the words in red to complete the vocabulary tables. | Telesales operator Construction workers ‘Working in our busy call centre, | Skilled and unskilled you will answer the phone and | workers required: plasterers, deal with the public. The work | electricians, carpenters, is challenging, but rewarding. | labourers. Work parttime or Shift work: either 07.00-15.00 | fulltime (35-hour week.) or 15.00-23.00. - ickers Bank clerk Fruit-pickets needed for form Well-paid job for an experienced in Norfolk. Working in a team Clerk. Working mostly on your | often people. You can earn up Own, you will be in charge of | to $950 an hour, ‘the reception desk and serve customers, Solory negotiable, Cem answerthe'()__| dealwiththe(____) * (money) £6 an (EAE fora sre rts. athens vert T= with sentence ae. Tere is one sentence that You donot ned, 19) 20) 30) 4 Yeu wine hoon ig B The eployer hast decide the poy yt € You can eam more than the advertised pay 4 This ab suitable fora young person This nb inotves shit work 4 Describe the jobs in the photos. Talk about: the name ofthe job, the activities, the hours, the pay, whether you'd like to do the jobs and why. She probably earns...) (Herjob looks challenging. 5 Ifyou could choose any job in the world, what would it be? Why? Think about hours of work, Fay, Tdbea.. ) Coie stressful busy fun tedious =) [meniat [easy rewarding skilled om) ED a 2H | Unit3 » Agood job > «acrammar Defining relative clauses er eae ee gee ee 1. Read the text. Who does Tommy Lynch work for? THE BEST JOB IN THE WORLD? This is Tommy Lynch, a mar vase job to 0 toct water BPG sis. ts a ob which almost every young peisen wou we el cmoany aeote wr renee Tony's lo of epcations whe 2. Underline the words who, whose, where and which in the text in exercise 1. Then complete the rules in the Leorn this! box. Relative pronouns: who, whose, where and which 1 Weuse for things and animals 2 We use(_Jfor people. 3 We use(__) for places. 4 We use(——J to indicate possession 3 Complete the text with who, whose, where and which, TT A DREAM JOB Is ajob Ceara rep steatetine from around the world, Everyone applied hhad to send in 1 60-second video {explained why they wanted the job and what RUS They had to offer: And what was thie amazing job? Carcraker of Hianilton Island, in the Great Barrct Reef Ie a place ‘(9 its sunny and warm all year sound, and (probably has the most beautiful coral ees inthe word. The person ‘(got the job had to explore the islands nearby andl repon ack to ehe work) shout their experiences. The slxtoen people "7 ‘ideo mos imped the mplayer cme es Aa, for an nerve The ely man (wn fle chosen forthe job was Ben Soulall Fou the UK. Untatuntely fr im theo wa nly fos ott 4 ELEM Work in pairs. Askand answer these questions. 41. Which job woulé you like better, Tommy Lynch's or Ben Southal's? Give reasons. 2 Can you think of any other dream jobs? 5 Complete the defining relative clauses with who, where, which and whose. Then write the words they are defining, 1 clothing which nurses, police officers, soldiers, etc. wear: uniform 2 a person (job is to look after the passengers on a plane 3 aplace a surgeon works: 4 a person is in charge of a shop or anoffice: e_) 5 the money you receive fora job: (———) 6 aperson(___} place of work is 2 laboratory: 7 a place (workers answer phones and give out information:(——) 8 ajob you do only for part ofthe time:(——} 6 Read the Look out! box. In which sentences in exercise 5 could you use that? LOOK OUT! We often use that instead of which. In informal English, we can also.use that instead of who. T Read the Learn this! box. Look at exercises 1 and3. Where cdo we place the relative clauzes in the sentences? Defining relative clauses {A defining relative clause comes immediately after a noun and tells us which person, thing or place we are talkingabout. Itcan be in the middle or at the end of a sentence. We donot put a comma before the clause. “She's the nurse who looked after my mother. The farm where my cousin picks fruits enormous. 8 ESIEUEIEY Work in pairs. Take turns to define thewords below, or choose other words relating to the worid of work. Your pariner has to guess what you are defining. a building site a civilservant a computer a customer anelectiician hotel a nurse manual work part-time job salary shift work it's person who / whose .. ) ie Its a place where .. It's something which .. Uni 3Carnitt Education for life? Penna aa ea Pee oe sans ing abst es Match the speakers 1-5 with the sentences (ao). Thereis one sentence that you do not need. Pe 2 The speaker's dagee wes essertil forthe jb. B The speaker thinks people wth degrees shouldbe pid The sptake thinks university sa waste oftime a The speaker thinks its etter to get ob fist and go > university ater @ The speaker realy enjoyed their university course. The speaker thinks you should choose your university course carefully = UNIVERSITY IN THE UK: FACT FILE + In the UK approximately 40% of school-leavers go 1 }to study at university, compared with 8% in{_ early 1980. + 15% of all university students are*(__Joutside the UK, The most popular subjects with foreign students are business studies and engineering + Most undergraduate courses take three years of full time study“) complete. * University education is subsidised ‘(| the Government British and EU students pay towards their tuition fees and have to pay their own living expenses, They can usually take out a Government Joan for this, (__ they pay back when they reach a certain level of income + Vocational courses are becoming more popular, 90% cofpeople "(take degrees in the UK go on to get" job or do further etudy. + People with degrees are likely to earn?(__] average £100,000 more during their workinglives than non-graduates. 26 | Units * Agood job /SBENNTEATE conten seeps with the nord elo: Ten ten agen ond hee much more useful than a(____). 2 | think) get more interesting jobs. 3. Auniversity(—— teaches you a lot about yoursel 44 It's really important to think how the particular( +) 5 You'll get more from} f you spend some time 3 EEN Work in pairs. Do you agree or disagree with the opinions in exercise 2? Can you think of any other advantages and disadvantages of going to university? Use the phrases below to help you. Expressing an opinion I (don’t) agree that... I think that... To mymind, In my view,... In my opinion Agreeing and disagreeing Yes, agree. That's ight. Ithinksotoo, I don’tagree. On the other hand... That may be true, but To my mind, university teaches you a lot about life, as well as about your subject, so it's important to go to unive Yes, but on the other hand, university costs a latof mone 4 Read the factfile and complete it with appropriate words. Then listen and check. 5 Answer the questions, us 1 How has the numberof students entering university changed since the early 1980? What proportion of university students are rom abroad? What do students have to pay for at university? Where can they get money fr thie fees an¢ living costs? According to the text, what advantage do graduates have over pecple who haven't been to university? ‘6 Work in pals. Discuss these questions. Give reasons for your answers, 1 Do you intend to goto college cr university? Why? / Why not? 2 IF so, what do you plan to study and where do you planto study? 3 Would you consider studying abroad? If yes, where would you go and why? Ifrt, why not? fp VocABUARY BULDE 33:29crammak Non-defining relative clauses ere ec 11. Read the text about Ted Ingram quickly. What is his job and why does he do it? Ted Ingram, who is 91 years old this year, could enter the Guinness Book of Records. as the world oldest paperboy He has delivered. newspapers in the village Monckton, where he lives, since he was 23. Ted moved to the village in 1938 and gota job on. a firm, wherehe drovea trictor. He started delivering papers in 1942 40 carn a bit more money. The 91-year-old, whose wile died twelve years age neighbours and have achat, During his career, which has sted nearly seven decades, Ted has delivered over half a million papers. ‘Im not a paperboy I'm more like a paperman!’ joked Ted, who has no plans to retire. fof Winterhorn loves his job a allows him to meet the 2 Read the text again, ignoring the relative clauses (the words in red). Does the text make sense without them? 3. Read the Learn this! box and choose the correct words to complete the rules. Use the relative clauses in red in ‘exercise 1 to help you. Non-defining relative clauses 1. Anon-defining relative clause comes immediately before / after a noun and gives us information ebout that noun, Itagds extra information to the sentence; the sentence makes sense / does not make sense without it ‘My uncle lives in London. He’s an accountant. ‘My uncle, who"s an accountant, lives in London. It starts / ends with a comma and starts / ends with a comma, ora full stop. LOOK ouT! In non-defining relative clauses, we use who, which, where and whose, but we do not use that. 4 Complete the text about Bil clauses (2-9. ‘who worries about him every time he goes out to sea where he keeps his boat who is 81 years old this year which used to last up to 36 hours which he sells at the local market whose boat is called Neptune's Pride — - pill Hocking, ‘__) 8 Britain's oldest fidherman. Most romings he gets up eary and Goes down to the harbour, See His fishing is, 4 are now only 3 few oursTan@, Besides being very W cl for a fisherman, there are ther things that are unusual Spout Bl Fst ofall, he can't ‘swim. His wife, “(___). $2¥5 “Teswhat he loves doing and | walldnever wo Hopi Bill, 2}, goes out in his postin almost any weather to ach lobsters and crabs, «(___). The other odd ‘ting about ils thathe ddoce't eat fish. He says he 5 Combine the two sentences to make one complex sentence. Include the information in the second sentence as a non: defining relative clause, either at the end orin the middle of the new sentence. 1 Ny sister wants to be avet. She loves animals My sister, wha loves animals, wants to be a ve. My aunt earns a lot of money. She's a lawyer I'dlke to go to Africa. lean work in a national park Her daughter works in a laboratory. She lives in France. He loves his job. Itinvoives dealing with the public. Last summer | visited Thailand. My cousin lives there, ‘Matthew wants to be an interpreter. Hls mum Is & translator. Work in pairs or small groups. Add non-defining relative clauses to this story to make it more interesting, (Op at une, Dan Smith went for a jl interview with a large company ‘The interviewer looked at his CV and asked some questions. Dan told her about his previous job. Dan received a letter and showed it to his wife. He got the job, but he wasnt happy with the salary. On Ist une, which was his 45th birthday, Dan Seth 7 ESIIUAME Read your story tothe class, Which is the most interesting story? Uni 3reavING Reversing roles Tee eee a ee eee a 1. Read the puzzle. What isthe answer? Why do many people find it diffcultto answer this puzzle? ‘Aman and his son are in a serious car accident. The man dies and the son is taken to hospital. When he gets there, the surgeon sees the boy and says: ‘I can’t ‘operate on this boy. He’s my son!” How can this be? 2 Look at the photos. What jabs are the man and woman ding? Choose from the jabs below. airtrafficcontoller labourer nursery schoolteacher plumber surgeon 3) GRRE Aro the man and woman good at their jobs? Read the texts quickly and find out G Ate these sentences true or false? Correctthe false sentences. Ot Jonathan was better than the other men who applied for the job. (2 Jonathan has lots of experience of looking after small children, (0)? The percentage of male nursery schoolteachers is less than ten years ago. (4 Peopie expect mate nursery schoolteachers to behave like Female nursery schoolteachers. (35 Jonathan's emale friends admire him for his choice of career. 6 The numberof women aitratc contiolers has icon over the past ten years (Or? Both Caroline and her dad are interested in planes. (8 Caroline wasn’t surprised thatthe male irra contolles viewed her with suspicion (9 duite a fewoF the women airtraffie controllers can't read amap. 5 Read the Learn this! box. Look at the words in red in the first paragraph of each text. Do they apply to (a) just men? (b) just womer? (e) both men and women? The suffix-ess indicates that the person doing a job isa ‘actress airhostess manageress waitress However, i's now more usual to use the same term for both men and women: factor flightattendant manager waiter The neutral words assistant, worker, person or officer are now often used instead of -man or -woman: police officer spokesperson 6 Find six more neutral words in the texts. 28 | Unit3 * Agood job Ki) 7 Look at the list of jobs below. Decide which jobs involve: «helping or looking after people. > working with small children or babes. © working with heavy machinery. 4 getting dicty aircraft pilot astronaut beauty therapist builder coal miner dental assistant fight attendant lorry driver mechanic nurse secretary 8 EGEZINIG Discuss these questions, Give reasons for your opinions. 1 Would yo exercise 7? 2 Doyou think men and women are better at different jobs, or equally good at all jobs 3 Would you mind daing a jb that is traditionally caried ‘out by people of the opposite sex? 4 Would you lke to do a job that involves. lot of travelor being away fram home for long periods? ject a man or woman to do the jabs inToddlerWorld Nursery was delighted to employ a trainee ~ twerty-Iwo-year-old Jonathan Brown — as their first male nursery schootteacher, He was also the only man who applied for the job, but insists Margery Bowman, head teacher of TeddlerWorl, by far the best appicant. ‘Both boys and girls ‘will benefit from the experience of having a male role model In the nursery: says moher of two, Marjory. Jonathan has always been interested in chidcare. His own, ‘mother is a childminder and his father is a teacher. ‘Ive ‘ahwoys helped Mum with looking after all the children’ he says. im used fo changing nappies, feeding babies, reading stories and playing with Lego’ But Jonathan is rare male in a female word. Only 2% of nutsery teachers are men and this hasn't changed for fen years, Roger Olsen of the National Nursery Trust said, ‘Men {are cfien viewed with anxiely and suspicion in a children’s environment. Or they are expected to do things the woy women would do them, But men bring different things into, childcare and this has te be recognised’ Jonathan agrees. He is 0 qualified under-7s football coach, and plans to iniroduce football lessons to the nursery for boys and gis. Who! do Jonathan's friends think of his choice of career? “Actually, most of them are pretty cool about it now,’ he says, ‘though they do make jokes about nappies. And Ive found that gis are cetually quite impressed ~ so that's good!" Ten years ago there were very few female ai attc conitolles. was seen as a man's warld. But naw 25% of airtraffc controle in the UK ore women and the number is increasing Caroline Beck is one of ther, She says, ‘Ive always been interested in planes because of my dad. He knew alot abou! them. For awhile we ved near Heathrow airport and we used to watch all the planes taking off and landing’ She was datarminad to be an ait-tratic controlar The !welve thonths of raining, the exams and the oir-crash simulation exercises were tough, says Caroline, ‘but | was well-prepared for my coréer. What | wasn't prepared for wos the reaction of some of the men, especially the older ones” ‘The new women contiollers were viewed with suspicion and they had to work twice as hard fo be accepled by their male colleagues. Nowadays things are betfer, but women are still ina minority fm the only woman in my team, but Iget on well with my colleagues. There are sil plenty of jokes about ‘waren - the men say that we can't read maps, which isn’t ‘rus — but | generally don’t mind. My job is highly responsible ‘and stressful, but | know Im good at it!SV To Weal eee eee ae 1 (BIBER cca tne jot advats below. hen ead and > Confident, enthusiastic assistant bartender required for hotel on outskirts of town Hours: 18.00-20,00 Monday to Friday, Experience not required. £7 an hour > Waiter /Waitress nesded for our new café. Hard-working and energetic, you will join ‘our friendly, young team. Must enjoy dealing with customers, Shift work (lunch or dinner), £7.30 an hour plus tips Manager How did you find out about the job? Enily | sawit advertised on a recrultment agency website. Manager You've worked in catering before, haven't you? Enily Yes, have. !used to help out at my uncle's restaurant. Manager Whatdid you do there? Enily Fist ofall just washing up in the kitchen. But then |took orders, and served food and drinks. Occasionally | answered the phone and took reservations. Manager Did you enjoy the work? Enily Yes, Idid, though itwas ver tiring on busy nights. Manager And you worked these for about a year, didn’t you? Emily Yes, about a year, pat-time. Manager | see. And why do you think you're the right person for this job? Enily Because I'm hard-working and reliable, and | enjoy dealing with the public. 'm also good at working in a team, Manager Wel, thanks for coming in, Emily. We'll be in touch before the end ofthe week. 30 | Unit3 * Agood job 2. Read the Leara this! box. Fied two examples of question tags in the dialogue in exercise 1 ‘Question tags 1 We use question tags when we want somebody to confirm what we are saying: You worked in the kitchen, didn’t you! 2 We use auxiliary verbs (do, have, would, ete) or the verb be in question tags: You weren't serving customers, were you? 3 Check the meaning of these words in the Wordlist on page 147. Which qualities did Emily mention? Qualities needed forjobs confident conscientious co-operative creative determined energetic enthusiastic fit flexible hard-working polite postive ‘eliable self-motivated thoughtful trustworthy 4 Which qualities ae (a) necessary (b) desirable for these jobs? athlete banker chef farmworker fitness instructor police officer refuse collector research scientist sales representative Itdoesr’t matter if you're not very. Tobe an athlete, you need ta be very / quite... 5 {UGE usten tothe imteriew fora surmerjob, Which of the jobs in exercise 4 is it for? Listen again. Number the questions in the order that you hear them. How many answers can you remember? What kinds of things did you do? oO You're in good physical health, aren’t you? When can you start work? You live locally, don’t you? Have you got any experience ofthis type of work? Why do youwant this job? ‘Why do you think you're the right person far this job? gacaaa 7 Work in pairs. Plan an interview for one ofthe jobs in exercise 4 following the guide below. ‘+ where the applicant saw the jab advertised + the applicant's experience of similar jobs + why the applicant wants the job + when the applicant can start 8 Actout your dialogue to the css, The class ‘votes on whether the applicant gets the job!‘waimins A job application ead eee ae 1 Read the letter quickly. Answer the questions. 1. Why is Dan writing the lette? 2 Is theletter formal or informal? The Manager 18 St Ann's Crescent, Manning's Electrical Store ‘Bedford MK47 SAF ‘Turnpike Lane Bedford M48 6PG 19 June 2012 Dear Sir or Madam Post of par-time shop assistant {am writing to apply forthe post of part-time shop asestant ‘which I saw advertised in the Laiton Gazeta, ‘Last summer, I worked for slx woeks as an assistant in my local newsegent's. My responsibiliues there included serving customers as well a shelling and answopIng the phone, Toonsider myself to be trustworthy, hard-working and enthusiast, If necessary, Ican supply references from the newsagent and also from a tescher at my school I would be grateful fr the opportunity to visit your shop and. discuss my application with you in person. I am avallabe fer Interview any day after school or on Saturdays. If my applisation Is successful, I wil be avallable to start work on 22 July. 1am enclosing my CV. look forward to hearing from you soon, Yours farttully, Dan Wilson Dan P, Wilson 2 Look at the letter. Where can you see (a) the date? (b) the recipient's address? (c) the writer's address? 3 In which paragraph (1~4) does Dan mention: references that he can send? eS the job he's applying for? fe) when he can start work? where he saw the job adver? (a) his personal qualities? Cc his experience of working ina shop? (—) 4 Read the Learn this! box. How does Dan begin and end his letter? Why? Forms of address in formal letters. Ifwe don’t know the recipient’s name, we start with Dear Sir or Madam, and end with Yours faithfully Ifwe do know the recipient's name, we start with Dear Mr/ Ms / Mrs + sumame, and end with Yours sincerely SOME Erne Make sure you start and finish your letter in an aporopriate way. Using some more formal expressions Improves the style of your letter. Read the exam strategy. Read Dan’s letter again. Find more formal ways of saying the phrases in red below. BP!!!" 1 Lam writing to ask you forthe jab of part-time shop assistant 2 The things | had to do and shelFfilling 3 think that | am trustworthy, hard-working and ‘enthusiastic included serving customers 4 ft have to, | can give you references 5. would really like to visit your shop 6 can start work on 22 July 7 'msending my CV Read the job advert. Think about what qualities and experience you might need for the job. Make notes. % HOTEL RECEPTIONIST & We need an experienced person to work at ‘oar hotel in Oxford from 15 July to 31 August Working hoursare from 10 a.m. to 6 pm. Your dities will include: + greeting guests checking them in and out +s answering the phone and taking bookings Please apply in writing to: ‘The Manager, Queen Victoria Hotel ‘84-88 Boocham Rd, Oxford OX4 7UH Write a formal letter of 120-150 words applying for the job in the advert. Follow the writing plan below. B=" ‘+ Mention the job you are applying for and where you saw the advert. + Ge details of previous work experience and responsibilities. Mention any relevant personal interests, Talk about why you are ight forthe job. List your personal qualities and offer to send a reference. Say when you are available for interview and when you could start work. Uni 3Vocabulary Builder Agent nouns We can use the following suffixes for pecple who do particular jobs or activities: -er-or, -ist,-ant, ian. factor journalist manager musician shop assistant 1. Read the Learn this! box. Then complete the nouns below using suffixes. Use a dictionary to help you. 1 carpont—) 42 optic) 2 archaeoiog’—) 43 pharmait_—) 3 account) 14 fruit-picx—) 4 child mind) 415 politi) 5 civil sew) 16 reception) 6 telesales operat) 17 scient(_J 7 por) 418 social work) 8 electie 419 software programm(—) 9 flight attend) 20 transla) 40 iTconsult(——) 24 wait) 41 mathemati’) 22 police irapest(—J [E_] useful phrases with work work (verb) 1 work = function This MP3 doesn't work. think it's broken, 2 work out = calculate; find the answer 1 can't work out the answer to this sum, 1 can't work out why he did that. 3 work ou Jason is very fit. He works out every morning 4 work on = try to improve ‘My son needs to work on his spelling t's awful! work (noun) 1 be out of work = be unemployes ‘My dad’s out of work. There aren’t any jabs round here. 2 be off work = not be at work because you are not well ‘My uncle’s off work witha bad back. 3. get down to work = start working I've only got two hours to write this essay. I need to ‘get down to work 4 go back to work = start work after a period away She went back to work when her baby was a year od 1. Read the Leara this! box. Complete the sentences with a phrase with work inthe appropriate frm. 1 My mum decided not to (1 after she had had her fest baby. 2 | dropped my mobile intoa puddle of water and now it polities 3 Mostindusvies have closed down inthis area, so many people are 4 quite like inning or cycling to keep fit But hate (atthe sym. 5 leant] where that sound is coming from. Do you know? & Tomis this week. te's got the fu Let's stop chatting and (___). Weve gota lato do. 8 | car’treally understand her. She needsto (her pronunciation El Phrasal verbs: separable 1. Read the Learn this! box. Find two separable phrasal verbs in the fact filein exercise 4 on page 26. Some transitive phrasal verbs are separable, which means there ate two possiole positions for the object, He took off his jacket. He took his jacket off However when the object is a pronoun, it always goes between the two parts of a separable phrasal verb. He took it off He took.ofFi Your dictionary will tell you fa phrasal verb is separable or not. 2 Rewrite the sentences putting the object in a different position. jp sus 1. My mum gave her job up last month. MH mum gare up hee job last mont I'd Uke to seta business up when | leave school, The company laid off twenty work The manager decided to close the factory down. Please ill inthe application form. The teacher gave out the exam papers. ‘Will you put away your things, please? We worked the answers out by ourselves. VocalePIC Cuen iacucures 4 Complete the sentences with / used to or 'm used to 1 lived in London forten years, so (big cities 2 [didn’t lke these glasses at first, but { them now, 3 can speak Portuguese because five in Brazil 4 Im disappointed with this exam result because (better marks. 5 [never go running now, but 6 The weather heres terrible, but it Exclamatory sentences We use exclamatory sentences beginning with What ‘or How... to react strongly to something, ‘We use How... with an adjective, How strange! How funny! We use What... with @ noun or an adjective followed by a noun, what aimeall What ar incredible story! What lovely thes 1. Choose the correct words, 41 My dad fell asleep in the middle ofan interview! What/ How funny: 2 got lost in the centre of Tokyo. What / How a nightmare! 3 Myuncle’s house burned down ina fire. What / How terrible! 4A |keep getting text messages from somebody Idon't know. What / How strange! 5 When | got home, there was a burglar in the kitchen. What / How a shock! 6 failed all of my exams! What / How a disaster! 7 Why don't we have a party at What / How a great idea! 8 Ny dad is going to buy mea new phone! What / How wonderfull end of term? [&:] Defining relative clauses Defining relative clauses come immediately after a noun and give vital information about that noun, He's the doctor she doctor who helped my grandmother, ‘They can ga in the middle or at the “The man whe told me about this plate vas old (met the young woman who cuts your hair Defining relative pronouns are different depending on whether they refer to people, places, things or possessions, dof sentences. We do not 112 | Grammar Guilder and Reference who(that) people where places Which that) things whose possessions Who or which can refer to the subject ar object ofa sentence. When they refer to the object, itis possible to 0 whict: mit who or ‘Shes the grt who works here, (subject) ‘She’ the git who | mel. (objecd ‘She's the girl | saw on he bus, (object, omitting the pronoun) We often use that instead of which, We instead of wha in informal English: Here’ the book that you va Did yeu see the guy that Keed Mary? n also use that 1. Choose the correct words. 1 He's the police oficer whe / whase carwas involved in an accident. 2. He works in the department where / which my aunt is in charge of 3 That's the women whose / who works a 60-hour week. 4 Jennys the IT consultant who / whose fixed our computers 5 She's the woman who / which applied forthe cleaning job. 6 Thats the building site where / whose my brother works. 7 Unskilled work is work which / who requires no qualifications. 8 India Is the place which / where a lot of call centres are located. 2 Complete the sentences with relative clauses. Use the Information below, hher company is really successful sister works there the new hotet will be there they make furniture his job is to change texts fram one language to another they make microchips they're researching climate change there 1 That's the theatre wbece sister works 2 She's the director) 3 He works ina laboratory 4 Thats the building site 5 Do you know any carpenters (1? 6 7 Tom works foran IT company (1) Atranslatoris aperson (13 Rewrite the two sentences as one sentence. Use whose pecs That's the man, His name is Zack. Thats the man wh 2 Imeta gir. Her sisters in my class. 3 What's the name of the girl? Her cat died last week 4 Iknaw a boy. His mum warks in the local supermartet. 5 6 yee name ie Lack There's 2 boy in my class. His frst language is Italian, Do you know anybody? Their parents are very rich. Non-defining relative clauses Non-defining relative clauses come immediately af and give extra information about that noun. department store Harvode, which is in Knightsbridge in Londen, io 2 famous department atore, Non-defining relative clauses give extra information which is, not essential to the meaning of the main sentence. ‘The Tines is dally newspaper The Tines. which t publidhed in London. i a daly newspaper They cen go in the middle or at the end of sentences, and start with a comma and end with a comma or tll stop. Abraham Lincoln, who was president of the United States in the nineteenth century, wa Kingston is the capital of Tamaica, which isan island in the: Canbbean ot whilst attending a play. Non-defining relative pronouns are different depending on whether they refer to people, places, things or possessions PE who people where places which things whose possessions We cannot omit non-defining relative pronouns and we cannot replace who or which with that. 1. Combine the two simple sentences to make one complex sentence. Include a aon-defining relative clause, either at theend or in the middle of the new sentence. B=" 41 My sister works for British Airways. She's a flight stendan My sister who works for British Aleways, & a flight attendant 2 My aunts a famous scientist. Her laboratory is at Cambridge University, 3 The head office of my dad's company isin Oslo, Oslo is in Norway, 4 Our accountant isretiing. ve knawn him for yeas. 5 I'm applying for ajob in Glasgow. My cousin lives there 6 A friend helped me to get this job. His matheris an Meonsultant. 2 Invent relative clauses to complete the sentences. Use the questions to help you. 1 Steven Spielberg, who directed ‘Schindler’ Lis’. was bom in the USA. (What dia Spielberg cirect?) 2 Italy, [ 1s in Central Europe. (What's Italy famous for?) 3 Champagne, sisavey popular drink, (Where is champagr Friends. (Who isher exhusband?) 5 10Downing Street,(________] ,inthe centre of London. (Who lives there?) 6 Madonna, was bornin ‘Michigan. (What does Madonna éo?) 3 Complete each sentence with a different relative pronoun (which, where, who and whose). Then add commas ifthe clause is non-defining. 1 Theman, who lives next door, is Tom's cousin, This is Tod Garcia (comes from New York Is that the hotel Tyou stayed? Ilike leisure centres (1 you can play squash. Matthias (dad is German speaks four languages. Who's the girl) sweatshirt you borrowed? Where's the CD} I lent you? My dad's car (The bought in 1995 has just broken down forthe first time, E] Question tags We use question tags when we want someone to confirm Something we are saving. A statement with a question tag often seems more polite than a direct question or plain staterrent. You have experience working ina shop, dent you! Wher the main verb is affirmative, the question tag is negative and vice versa, You were at home, werent you? You ween ungey, were you? We use the verb be, auxiliary verbs (do, have) or madal verbs (will, would, ec.) depending on the tense of the verb in the statement. Tense aed Present simple Youlike cake, —_-dor'tyou? Present continuous He'sreading, _isn'the? Pastsimple She applied forthe didn't she? job, Present perfect He's{efthome, _hasm’the? will Theyllbehere won't they? soon, would You'd like a coffee, wouldn't yourGet Ready for your Exam Reading 1 Workin pairs. magine you could tive as inan unusual place orlead an unusual lifestyle. Where or ‘what would it be? Discuss the ideas below and then try to that we didn't have much af it, think of other unusual places or ways to live. B twas strange at fist to stay in the same place, but 1 ona ship sailing around the world with your family SG SMEE LS MAERE Gs SOL 2 with a small group of people on a smallistand € So ther was a lotof hard work for my parents and 3 ina nutin tne mountain alone inysisierand me. 4 with a remote tribe away trom civilisation D Ourhouse was always rocking and moving slighty. ei De thos aks E Asa result, there wasn’t much space, so we had to Read the text. Four sentences have been removed, Match each gap (1~4) with a sentence (A-£). There is one extra sentence that you do not need. The way things were When | think of my childhood, | think of water. was born, Fuse oreNsusHeramtask and spent my early lif, on a houseboat, along with my Use of English 3 Dothe exam task. ‘older sister and my parents. | remember the unsteady, Complete the text with an appropriate word in each gap. but also comforting, feeling of being on the water. (E[-] Early memories ‘And | remember the rain — lots of it! When you're on a My first memory is of my mother painting my cot. small boat, you feel and notice the weather more. | also remember the smell the paint. I probably remembergoing tothe standpipe to fetch water. We wasn't very good "(met | also remember falling regulaty needed to illup the water tanks on the boat, 1 ofmy pushchair and banging my hea, although and that job belonged to me and my sister. We always my mum says it was my brother ‘{_) did that. He's a ad tobe careful with how much water we used. [2]-] year alder me. Perhaps | saw him do it 'have a We woshed ina smalltn bath, and washed our hair fn Yagon Mati] ID bibeime dering ts rd ping the sink ie brushed our teeth with a mug of water iy me a bag o! sweets, but she died when | was thre, so mum wasted all our clothes by hand and hung them out cn not sure “(ths is a real memory or just based along the op ofthe boat in fine weather, but al over the {what my mum as told me about her | remember inside of the boat on any days, A lingering memory of my my slberbeing bom when |was four. My brother and childhood is the smell of damp clothes, went to aneighbour's house while mum was *(—_] hospital. | don’t know why dad couldn't look * us, Our boat was fairly long, but extremely narrow. [31] epee acne ene at olor aa >My parents’ bedroom was at the far end of the boat, next to the little coom where my sister and | had bunk beds. At the other end of the boat, there was a tiny bathroom, Speaking living space and kitchen area. When my sisterand | wanted ‘more space, we played beside the boat at the water's, ledge. We used to play outside in all weather. | SPEAKINGeamtask 4 othe exam task. Most of my early life we spent travelling along the canals Work in pairs. Imagine that you left school ten years ago of southem England. But when I was six, we came to stay and that you are now organising a reunion formembers in Oxford on a canal near the centee of the city, and my of your class. Agree on sister and| started formal education. [4] ] Until then ‘+ where you should hold the reunion (restaurant? schoo! we hadn't really realised that our way of life was unusual, hall? other venue?) but our new friends were fascinated by our home. AS we «hat the reunion should involve food and drink? were by theirs! entertain ‘+ how you will notify the former members of your class of your plans ‘© whetheryou should invite teachers too. 12 speeches?) 32+ Get Ready for your Exam 2to Workin pairs. Describe the photo. Ask and answer the questions. 1. When did you last take 2 How aid you reett 6 Use the words belo connecteé with exams. complete the expressions 0 get hearfrom messup revise sit good marks foran exam university 7 G15? dothe exam task Listen to the conversation. Match each statement to the correct speaker, Angus or Dora. Tick the correct boxes. 1 has just sata history exam? 2 has just taken a dificult exam? 3 isn't keen on chemistry? 4 has a relative who found a biology exam difrcuttz 5 has to get permission to visitanother 6 w lc like to go to America? 7 hasn't had their place at university confirmed yet 9 Do the Speaking exam task, Compare and contrast the two photos. Answerthe questions. 41. What are main differences between the two place: work: a street 2 What could be good or bad about warking in a street 3 What kind of personal qualities would you nee: each job well? 4 Which job would you enjoy more? Why? 8 and a museum? todo Speaking 8 LEMETMOEANS workin pits. Ask and answer the questions, 1. How often do you go to restaurants? What kind of restaurants? 2 How of What do you like / ke about them? ddo you go to museums or art galleries?Zi Body and mind Waiting © ‘Grammar * past sine Speaking * talking THIS UNIT INCLUDES pats ofthe body = side the body nution » laws and rights it and ies Rote AUP NUCUA I WM TLL fee) a Te ae ee ey em 1 Work in pairs. Match these parts of the body with the carrect section of tne photo (AC). psa 4 [EEE Work in pairs. Complete the injuries (1-6) with the words below. Then ask and answer questions. ifthe answer's yes, ask afolow-up question using the past Parts of the body ankle armpit calf chest chin : eyebrow eyelash eyelid fingemail heel hip lip pe neck nostril palm scalp shin sole stomach thigh ankle eye leg lip shir shoulder throat thumb toenail waist. wrist 1a bruised shin 2 adislocated / finger 3 a sprained Jwist 4 abroken arm, or finger 5 a black 6 acut Have you ever had a bruised shin? Capen) How did you get t? ‘Somebody kicked me while | was playing football, ith one of the words below and then choose the correct ‘meaning for the idiom (a-c). 1 2 2 Listen and check your answers. 3 Work in pairs. Choose and describe a part of the body using one or more of the phrases below. Your partner 6 guesses which part you are describing. ts part of your (ace /leg / hand J etc). Is atthe front / back / end of your .. it’s between your ..and your 34 | Unit » Body and mind 5 (GH ustentosiccalogues compete ech sentence = arm eyelid head hand_teg neck He was pulling your (1) He was a angry with you. b joking. c embarrassed. Didyourivehima (J? Did you a help him? b lie to him? ¢make him happy? You've twisted my You've a upset me. b told me everything persuaded me. Pll tick my out. Pll atake arisk. b think about it. look. She did't bat an ( She wasn’t a awake. b crying. € surprised, You need to keep your You need to abe silent, bworkhard. stay calm, 6 Work in pairs. Write three short dialogues which include three of the idioms trom exercise 5. 7 SEEN Act out your dialogues to the class. The class votes for the most entertaining dialogues. cgGrammar Past simple and present perfect contrast can correctly use the past simple and present perfect simple. 1L Look at the photo. Guess the answers to these questions. Then read the text and find the answers. 1 What isthe man deing? 2 Is ithisjob orjust « hobby? 3 Which country is he in? os 2 Look at the verb forms in red in the text. Which are present perfect and which are past simple? Read the Learn this! box and match the present perfect examples in the text with uses ac. pL Present perfect and past simple 1 We use the past simple to talk about completed events in the past, often with words that refer to a specific time (yesterday, two years ago, etc) | went to London last weekend. 2 We use the present perfect a to say how long a current situation has existed (often with foror since): ve worked here fora year. (and | still work here) bb to talk about an experience at an unspecified time in the past: ‘Hove you ever been to Paris?” ‘No, | haven't.” to talk about recent events that have a connection with the present. We sometimes use already, just or yet: “You look happy.’ ‘'ve just got my exam result.” 4 IS complete weve magazine's interview wth Adan Harvey 16-year-old layak surfing champion Use the pest pls or present perfec Then ten and dec. Wave Adam when C1] you (1 (start) kayak surfing? Ten years ago. °L___] (go) kayaking # few times ‘with my family. Later, my brother (___) (take) me ta the beach and we went kayaking in the waves 1<[) (be) afan since that day! Most people °C) (not hear) of kayak surfing. What is it? Its ike surfing, but you're in 3 kayak, rot on a board, The sport (___} (become) a lot more popular in the past few years 7) you (__} (have) much success in the spor? Yes." (win) several medals so far including the unior world championship, When °C you (win) that? In 2009. wave Adam Wave Adam Wave Adam Find these time expressions in the Then add them to the chart below. logue in exercise 3, in {(2009]. in the past few years {tenl yearsago past simple present perfect yesterday yet last week this morning | already foraweek | today ayear ago (EEL Work in pais. Ask and answer questions about ‘what you have done inthe past few months. Use the phrases below or your own ideas. Ask follow-up questions in the past simple. do any sport? play computer games? see any gond films? se) Tough new MP3 player, Unie 4 = eat out? go shopping? read any good books?cuurureE Public health en oe ne ee eee 1 Describe the foo ‘each food contain alot of? the photo. What does calories carbohydrate fat fibre protein salt sugar vitamins aq nealth = 1 Britain, school children usually have lunch at school, {and recently the Government has encouraged schools to ‘offer healthier food. At the start of the autumn term, John Lambert, the head teacher st Rawmarsh Comprehensive School in Yorkshire, introduced healthier school meals that he says help the children to concentrate better. He also reduced the lunch break from one hour to thirty minutes, and banned children from going out to local takeaways during the break: But two mothers, Mrs Critchlow and Mrs Walker, believe that the new rules don't give pupils enough choice or enough time to enjay their lunch. So two weeks ago, they started passing burgers, fish and chips and fizzy drinks over the school fence, Soon, they were delivering up to 60 food orders! Mr Lambert has described the two mothers as unwise, and said they were undermining the school and their children's education, He claims there have been improvements in ‘behaviour and learning in the afternoons since the new healthy eating regime was introduced. After a meeting with Mr Lambert, the two mothers have agreed to stop their deliveries while they try to resolve the problem, Speaking before their meeting, Mrs Critchlow argued that the children have the right to choose their food "We are not against healthy eating - it's about the freedom of choice’ 2 (DRE read the text and answer the questions, psu 1 When did the school intraduce the new rules? 2 What has the school banned students from doing during lunch break? 3 Why are the two mothers unhappy about the new rules? ‘4 What did the mothers do after the new rules were introduced? 5 What are the benefits of the new regime, according to the head teacher? 36 | Unit 4 » Body and ming 3. GENUS Workin pairs. 1 Explain the disagreement between Mr Lambert and the two mothers in your own words, 2 Do you think schools should try to improve their students’ diets, or should students be able to choose what they eat? justify your answer Listen to five people in Britain talking about health issues. Which two speakers think that the Government should not tell us what to eat? Complete each speaker's opinion (a-e) with the words below. Then listen again and match the speakers, (1-5) with the opinions. children diet Government issues treatment (OC) and fitness are personal matters - the ovement shouldn't pass tas about ther. F people don't ook ater her heath, the Government Mal sab false Es) OF C People have tert et unesiny Tob, butotto freittotter (the) would make alot more things legal they could Th cove iui iS nce aaa nal the gusto aleaearenesast tate Find and complete these collocations from exercise 5. Then write an example sentence for each allocation have Jaueett meke pa 1 Aaunch a campaign (to do something) 2 —atw 3 (awareness (of something) 4 (something illegal 5 (taxes, 6 (—__Jthe right to do something) The Government has launched a campaign to improve the diet «a Work in pairs. Decide on three ways to make your diet and litestyle healthier. Think about: + foods you should cut down on orgive up completely. + foods you should have more of in your diet. + ways of getting more exercise EEE Tell the class your theeideas from exercise 7 The dass votes forthe best eas. We think we should cut dawn on fied food and give up sugar in coffee. ‘And finally, we t iCOUN Sta a (Lea oLty eee gee eeu eae 1 Read the text. What isthe scientific study trying to find out? How would you summarise the results? es but recently he has been paying one parlicular game a lol. In fac, he’s been playing every day for six wooks. Irs a special kind of game \which is designed to increase brainpower by giving the player mental exorcioes. ‘Im defintely improving, he says. ‘Ive been getting much better scores recently \ilson is one of 1.000 volunteers who have been taking part in a scientific study organised by a Cambridge scientist called Adkian Owen, is purpose is fo tind out it brain- ‘taining really works. Hat of the volunteers haven't been Ling the brah-training programs at all they've been surfing the internet instead Owen has conducted soveral studies ofthis kind, Cond they have all shown the same thing: brain-raining thas a small posive effect on mental abillies, but suring the internet is just as good! 2 Look at the verbs in ed in the text. Complete the rule, We form the present perfect continuous with have | J+) + the -ing form of the verb. 3 Read the Learn this! box. Complete the examples with the Correct form of the present perfect continuous. Present perfect continuous We use the present perfect continuous to talk about: 4 an action that began in the past and is still in progress. We often use for or since to say how long it has been in progress We) (play) tennis for an hour. How long (you) wait)? Since midday. 2 an action that has recently stopped and which explains the present situation. 1} (carry) these heavy bags. That's why I’m tired. Complete the sentences with the present perfect continuous form of the verbs below. dink eat play pull wear work 1 You (that computer game for hours. Haven't you finished yet? 2 feel sick. (chocolates all day! 3 I'm sure you'll pass your exams: you (all tem. 4 Who (—__} my orange juice? My glass is half empty! 5 Luke isn’t Lady Gaga's cousin — he (__) your leg. 6 The weather's great. We ) shots every day. "GRAMMAR BUILDER PAGE 15 5 Read the Leara this! box. Find two examples in exercise 1 of ‘he present perfect simple which describe actions that are finished and complete. Present perfect simple or present perfect continuous? We use the present perfect simple, not continuous: 1 ifthe action is finished and complete. ve written a letter. going to postit now. we want to say how often an action has happened, She's broken her leg three times. 3 with state verbs (like, lave, know, etc). FPve known Joe for years. Lve-beemknowings Joe for years. x 2 6 Complete the email with the present perfect simple or present perfect continuous form of the verbs in brackets. | Hi Tom! So, were halfway through the summer holiday. SC you C1 lenjoy) it? Aunt Vera‘) {stay) with us. Dad and Aunt Vera *C never) like) each other. They ‘(——_) {not have) any big arguments yet, but that's probably because Dad {spend) his evenings up in the attic! He says he °C) {wor hut when lent up tere, he was making model eroplane. He”) (make about ten of them ~ theyre allon bis des Beanie BuNDER 9: ae 19 7 QMO Work in pairs. You look 1 confused, 3... pleased. 5 fed up. 2 tired, 4 pully Youlook confused. ) (Fe been tivingto domy maths honework ) Unie 4 » oy1. Look at the photos and the main title ofthe text. What do you think the people in each photo are doing? What connects the photos? A FIREWALKING Walking across burning coals or red-hot stones has a long tradition. | )It became popular in Europe and the USA in the 1970s, and many people went on training courses t learn the skill. They believed that firewalking was good for their mind and body and might even gve them mystical powers. Actually, the ability to walk over hot als has more te do with physics than mind over matter. The heat doesn't pass quickly from the coals to the walkers’ feet. particulary if they keep moving. If you doit properly, there i lite risk of injury. 2()In 2002, 30 managers from the KFC fast food chain went on ‘a team-building trip which included frewalking. Twenty of them_ had to goto hospital inorder to get medical treatment for burnt soles, They used red hot wood instead of coal. 2 Read the text, ignoring the gaps. Match each section of the text (AC) with two of the questions (1-6) hich mind-over-matter activity 1 is sometimes used by doctors? caused an injury? did ardinary people start practising? 5 often takes place on stage?| 2 2 4 was frst studied in the 18 6 was an American performers picious of B HYPNOSIS In the 1770s, a doctor called Franz Mesmer started to ‘reat his patients in Paris witha strange new technique: he held their thumbs, pressed their stomachs. and then played music on an instrument made of glass. 3(_)Mesmer Gicn’t know it. but he was using a form of hypnosis, These ays. hypnosis sill has medical uses, but most people are familiar with it because of stage hypnoists. These ‘performers ask for volunteers from the audience so that they can hypnetise them. In this state, the volunteers do all kinds of strange and funny things: they eat onions as ifthey were apples. or they act like animals or giant babies. The hypnotist seems to have control over their minds. Although the main purpose is entertainment, some people find the idea of mind control worrying. The British Government ‘even passed a aw in 1962 in order to protect the public ‘rom irresponsible hypnotist! 4(_)Most scientists believe stage hypnotism does not involve real mind control. The volunteers are extroverts who want to help the performer to put on a good show.Match sentences a-f below with gaps 1-5 inthe text. There is one extra sentence that you donot need, a However, using the wrong materials can bea disaster. b On the other hand, many people doubted that his powers could be genuine. € Ithas been part of ceremonies in many different counties for at least 3,000 years. 4 Most viewers were convinced that he had genuine psychic powers. Many of these patients showed dramatic improvements. In fact, this was probably unnecessary. Find the t¥ve undertined phrases in the text and look at the ‘words which follow them. Read and complete the Learn this! box. Clauses expressing purpose 1 We can use an infinitive to explain the pur ction He went tothe Alps to go skiing. 2 We can also use these phrases: C to + base form C that + subject + verb (usuallye modal verb, e.g. could) ‘Answer questions 1-5 about the underlined parts in the text. Use a different clause expressing purpose from that used in the text. 1. Why did people go on training courses? [Text A 2 Why did the managers go to hospital? [Text A] 3 Why did the performers ask forvolunteers? [Text 8] 4, Why did the British Government pass a law in 1952? [Text 8) 5 Why did Randi appear on a live TV show with Hydrick? Text c] in the nineteenth century, scientists became interested in the Possibly that some people hac the power fo move a physical ‘without touching it. They named this power telekinesis, and over the years several people have claimed to have it. In 1980, American James Hydrick became famous overnight after appearing on a TV show. Millions watched him as he made the pages of bok turn without touching them. 5(_) But James Randi. an American magician, was sceptical. He knows the diferent tricks people use when they pretend to have psychic powers. Randi appeared on a live TV show with Hydrick in order {o test his claims. He put small pieces of polystyrene around ‘a book and then challenged Hydrick to turn the pages using telekinesis, without moving the polystyrene. Hydrick couldn't do it Later, Hydrick publicly admitted that he had never had special powers, So, how did the pages move? Simple; he blew them! But he had practised blowing hard without moving his ips er chest, 6 EEIEUNEGY Read the Look out! box. Then look at the words in the text and decide whether they are nouns or verbs. TI Homonyms, Homonyms are words which have the same spelling, but are not the same word. Sometimes homonyms are different parts of speech. The meaning can be similar or completely aiferent, Let's talk. Jhad a talk with him. (similar meaning) ‘Meet me at the park. Park your car over there. (different meaning) > «a Do the experiment below in pairs. Then count the total number of correct answers in the class, Student A: Choose one ofthe shapes below, but don’t tell Student B. Stare atit and try to send your thoughts to Student B for thirty seconds Student B: After thirty seconds, look at the shapes. Guess which shape Student A chose. Discuss the recults of your exper the class. ‘+ Did more than 259 af the class guess correcty? (2 is the result you might expect to get on average, just by nice.) + Do you think the people who guessed correctly have a special ability? + Ifyour result was ov rent with 25%, can you suggest why? + Do you believe that some people have psychic powers? Why? / Why not? Unie 4 =SPEAKING At the doctor’s ee a en ar er (PAWS compte the diatogve withthe doctor's 2 [UQIRDB| Es wow patents Math pte * questions (a-e). Then listen and check. th the symptoms. Each person has got two different a Are you allergic to © Have you put any drops symptoms. Write patient 2, 2, 30% 4 penicillin? in it? headache (JC) feel sick oo b Haveyouhad any other Ist painful? temperature (J(_) upset stomach (J) symptoms? © When did it start? Giving advice Wercan use these expressions to give advice, I (Peally) think you should... don’t think you should Iflware you, Iwould /wouldn's... Try (net) to In your position, I would / wouldn't... You need to It’s (very) important (rot) to... You must / musin’t. The best thing would be to. You (really) ought to Itwould be « good idea (nol to 4 Read the information in the Learn this! box above. Which of the expressions is used for giving very strong advice? POURRAIT oan pin pres, copying the intonation, Doctor Good morning. What can | do for you? Patient Well, I've got a problem with myeye. Doctor Oh, yes. I can see that. Patient Three or four cays ago. Doctor Isee.2___) Peeve: jecvaane: Ehre Whon GRRE 6 Wate the doctors advice using suitable exoressions from Doctor Let me have a look at it. Yes ~ the eyelid is very the Learn this! box. There may be more than one correct, swollen. (C9 answer. Patient. Yes | got somme eye drops from the chemist’, but 4 tase dine of tn they dnt do anything 2 (1 worry about food unt you're better. Doctor thinkyou need antec. Youve got an eve eS" Fuse te meme ee ‘4 (be carelul about head injuries ote A ol ldots 5 Teo cookmeat prope Real 6 CJ take extra care washing your hands. Patient Goad. Thank you 7 > postay athame fora few days Doctor *( 8 (J rest as much as possible. Gosia ened Moy, [Get peushaud ope chien 7 Workin pairs. Prepare a role-play between a patient and a Seek lant ake sue es etn eter had doctor, Decide you must call immediately if it gets worse. ‘+ how long the patient has been feeling unwell. 5 atte pation’ symptoms ar (ee Vocabulary Buller 2 Complete the sentences with the words below. ‘ba: Page 132) Undertine the two symptoms that are inthe dlalogue in «hat the doctor's avie is. marist (8 EET Act out the following dialogue using your ideas Symptoms blocked up dizzy itchy rash sore stiff from exercise 7. Use expressions from the Learn this! box swolen temperature ee ies 1 Ifa part of your body is (1, it has got bigger. ‘Student Ae You are stayangin England ona exchoige 2 tfyoure C9 you feet sifu might al over Suan siesta otal eal Wace te 3 fa part of your bod is (____), youcan’t move it easy doctor's, Tell the doctor your symptoms and answer any 4 ifyou've got a), your body is hotter than usual. tikes duastans 5 fa part ofyourbodyis (yout to seratch i Student B: You ae a doctor. An exchange student has come 6 Ifyou've got a) nose, you can't breathe trough t. to ce you, feng unwell. sien tothe symptom sand ask 7 tfyou've gota (——1., an area of skin is red. ere ie 8 ttpart of yur bodye CJ, that part hus i iia 440 | Unit 4 * Body and mindMOET Mattia can write an announcement for an event or activity. ‘1. Read the announcements, Which activity appeals to you most? Why? Re et OL Pu CUT re youa strong swimmer and generally Fl? ‘Madu Come AND TRY COASTEERING! The arth Devan Coxe Society meet ery raat rennet bel rocky conte re aed ks geno ene ens me 30pm. every Saturday ence: meet by waterouth ast Cont £15perseson Meditation Neston so or eong ond enol bu also boss pur nlual ims system Fallow et ennesk cose eos Fen onew sil whch wi have el anc von aa Nedtation sido! tor people who ster om, “emul endo «memory ores ante olste We new course sts on 10 45 for ten sessions DO YOU WANT TO GET F:T? Then our new STREET DANCE ctoss could be perfect for you. You can learn new steps, meet new people, have fun, and get anew Fitter Body. loss of concentration ‘May at 7.30 p.m. at Frume Village Hall ond costs ‘Comealong for one session ~ ond youl be hocked! 2 Match the activities in exercise 1 with the sentences (1-6), 1 Itincludes music. 2 Itis probably the quietest 3 You do it outdoors 4 Itis the cheapest per session. 5 It claims to be good for both the mind and the body. 6 tis only for ft people, ieee When we write an announcement, we ofte: se capitals to emphasise key words or phrases. present key information (the time, date, place, cost, etc.) in note form or ina list with bullet points (s). tse rhetorical questions (questions that are asked to create an effect rather than to get an answer). end with a strong and memorable final message. 3 Read the writing strategy. Then answer these questions. 41. Which announcements use capitals to emphasise key words? Underline the words, 2 Which announcement does not present key information in note form? Rewrite that part in nate form. 3 Which announcement uses bullet points? Find a listin another announcement and rewrite it with bullet points, ‘4 How many rhetorical questions do the three announcements contain in total? Undertine them, 5 Do all three announcements end with a final message? Which is the most memorable, in your opinion? 4 EXEZIEIE Work in pairs. Look at the photos. Discuss how the activities might benefit your mind and / or body. [think walking would be good for your mind becauseit’s relaxing, 5 Choose one of the activities from exercise 4 or your own idea. Imagine you are organising regular sessions. Decide ‘on the details (price, venue, time, etc). aan announcement to publicise your sessions, sisi + Inform people what the activity isand describe it briefly. ‘+ Mention the benefits for mind and / or body. + Inform people ofthe time, place and cost of sessions. ‘+ End with a strong and memorable final message. Ciectgneis Unie 4»Vocabulary Builder Rewrite the sentences replacing the underlined object with ‘pronoun. § 1. My mum gave heriob up last month, ‘My mum gave 1 up (2st month ‘The receptionist picked up the phone. ‘Don’t forget to put the plates away,’ sald the chet. Don’t forget to send your application form in. The head waiter totalled up the evening’s takings The secretary backed up all the letters that she'd typed. 1 Jobs and noun gender Rewrite the sentences using a neutral word for each job. BB ‘he policeman arrested the shoplifter. The alr hostess served our food. The manageress interviewed me forthe job, The chairman saié the meeting would last half an hour Meryl Streep is one of the best actiesses in Hollywood. ‘The spokeswoman explained the company's decisicn. 1. Match the parts ofthe body below with the pictures, uss artery bone brain heart liver lungs muscle ribs skin skull spine stomach vein [2] Food and nutrition 1. Choose the correct words in these sentences, 1 Lemonade contains a lot of fibre / sugar. Bread, rice and pasta are forms of carbohydrate / vitamins. Grigpe and chips are usually high in protein / eal Brown rice contains more fibre / sugar than white rice. Eating fresh fruit and vegetables provides you with fat / vitamins. £30-| Vocabulary Builder 6 Ifyou use more calories / salt than you eat, you lose weight. 7 Eggs, fish and meat all contain alot of carbohydrate / protein. 8 Cheese, butter and cream contain a lot of fat / sugar: foliose Complete the definitions with the words below. ‘matter mind object show a: a short journey, there and back (r) to catch your foot and fall or neat fall over (v) Ct a physical thing (n) to argue against something (0) Cc: a performance (of a play, musical, etc.) (n) ta bring somebody's attention to something (¥) — something nice that makes a person feel good (n) to-give medical attention to somebody () 5c J: your thoughts and memories (n) to feel unhappy about something () | the physical substance that things are made of (n) to be important) state teat trip tum 2 condition (usually temporary) (0) to say (a fact) () the right time for you to do something (n) to move (something) round or over () Complete each sentence using the same word twice. Choose from the homonyms below. face fly land left park plant play study We decided to) ourcarnearthe (___} 2 Please (___) the audience and take your hands away from your|____.. Which part did you (in the school (1? The pilot had to{ the plane on a thin piece of {___} nearthe lake, He shut the daor of his ( and tried to(___] twantto(—____}atomato(____} in my garden. watched al} (___J in through the window. she opened the doar on the(——_) and ( the building.Atel iavm ail g 3 skit Jo) 6 founder cough backache techy painful shivery sick 'm feeling } lightheaded ( ) 2 complete the sentences with the rouns In exercise 1 1. My auntonly drinks water and takes (every day. 2 Pele is probably the most fam us (___J inthe world, es 3 Mark Twain wrote an ( that could enly be aheadache chest pains. published 100 years after his death, earach a stiff neck 4 Mark Zuckerberg is the ( of Facebook. stomach ache 5. Mountain climbers have to cope with] temperatures. 6 (_____) first became fashionable in the 1960s. 7 Many people consider astrologyto bea) 2 runny nose 8 Most (used in computers are made from ni siticon ] Verb + noun collocations 1. Complete the verb + noun e« below. ab ked ni a pain in my [left side] locations with the words 2 Complete the sentences with symptoms from the chart in exercise 1. Some ofthe sentences fit more than one if alm buenesavens the atirles_ detest: lestlon help patients waste symptom. reduce C—) replace 41 I'm feeling so 1, lear't even carey my shopping a time 3 bags home. eet 5 2 We had (since | ate those prawns oo ccna 3 Ive got oa my arm. Look, sal red. ao 4 can't smell anything. ve got —__) 2 Complete the sentences with the verb + noun collocations 5 My right ankles very (___}. Look, its much bigger from exercise 1 Use the correct verb form. than the left onel fase raanea Maun Tai 6 My shins are £ 1 after that Football match. Look Se saa SPE eel aoe ee ae they're black and Bue! = 2 wiliBarcelona (at the hands of chelsea? 7 Um feeling (—_) - Hold my arm, tm going to fal 3 You can(____) by using your plastic bags instead of throwing them away. 4 ALPC Universe, we can [ @ I can’t turn my head to look at you. 've got) Fie setting ua your 9 Mybackis (——) can you scratch it for me? Se 5 One day, hospitals may refuse (who don't [52] Noun prefixes eine = 6 The company i going to ( }tamarrew about jot Fe] We can use the folowing prefixes to change the Petes ace : = eso see a Ae 7 Did Lady Gaga (_____} for wearing shocking clothes? EY semi- nalt sub below auto: oforby yourself ex former Your dictionary wil tel you Ifyou need to use a hyphen rif the noun and prefix are writen as ane word Vocal‘Add question tags to the statements. Then listen, check and repeat, 1 You're hard-working and enthusiastic, 2 2 He enjoyed the work, (__].? 3 You've worked in ahotel before, 4 The job involves dealing with customer 5 6 7 8 You wouldn't be able to start until May, Bar staff must do shiftwork, (7 You wor't tell anyone, You candrive,(___J? Past simple and present perfect contrast use the the past simple to talk about: + completed events in the past. I visited my aunt last werkend. ‘We use the present perfec to talk about ‘how long current situations have existed. Ive been a1 this school far six years ‘+ experiences which happened at an unstated time in the past (the exact time is not mentioned and Is net important. My sister has met Brad Pith + past events that are connected withthe present. Five lots ny natch Have you seen it ane has already done her homework Here it is, We often use finished time expressions with the past simple (yesterday, three months ago, last week, In 1999), but unfinished time expressions with the present perfect (for since, already, just, ye) ‘went to Paris i 2008, (haverit been 10 Paris yet She's been here since TuesAay, We use yet and already with the present perfect when referring tothe past. We use already with affirmative sentences. It goes before the past participle form or at the end ofthe sentence, We use yet in negative and interrogatve sentences and it goes atthe end of the sentence ‘he’s already Wil, / She's let already Have you eaten yet? No, | kavestt eaten yet We use just to mean ‘only, ‘a second ago’. Its usually put before the past participle, (ve jst finished my lunch, Have you jus arrived? 1m the present perfect like this: have,/has « past participle of the verb. (There isa listof regular past simple forms and past participle forms in the Workbook.) 1. Write the past participles ofthese verbs. Which ones are regular? yp sss 1 take 2 promise $ write 7 Finish 2 be 4 have 6 buy 8 mend 146 | Graminay Buller and Reference 2 complete the email withthe present perfect ofthe verbs in exercise 1.Use the affirmative (7) or negative (0) i (—) Va long time. I wonder ifthe ne music fest taking me this (9 the tickets yet, but he") (7) to pay for mine! = 3 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences with just, already and yet. 1 read / yet / haven't/ 1 book / that 2 brilliant film / watched / just /'ve / a 3 finished / they've / dinner / their / already 4 you / her / spoken / have / yet | to? 5. my / just / hospital / aunt /left/ has ‘4 Complete the sentences using the past simple or present perfect form of the verb in brackets. 1 | feel better now that| (___) (have) a sleep. 2 my dad.) (work) Ia hospital for ten years, between 1990 and 2000. 3 Manchester United are winning and Wayne Rooney (core) twice. 4 you (___ (lock) me door before you (1) p) out? 5 Jenny isn’t here; she (leave) two minutes ago, 6 This tovm (____] (change) alot since we(___) (move) here in 200, 7 11 (never / meet) anybody as rude as you! [:2] Present perfect continuous We use the present perfect continuous to talk about: an action that began in the past and continues up to the present. + an action which started in the past and lasted for some time. The result of the action is visible in the present, David hae bean playing tenms so bes eally tired. We form the present perfect continuous like thist have / has + been + the -ing form,CET La TC eure 1 Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use the present perfect continuous form of the verbs in brackets. 1. I got tothe bus stop an hour ago and my bus hasn’t arrived yet. ('ve bern waiting for my bus for an hour. (wi 2 | started guitar lessons years ago. (J foryears. (learn) 3. the rain started at midday and ith } since midday. (rain) 4 We stated this phone call an hour ago, ‘on the phone for an hour. (chal 5 started feeling il on Saturday and | still feel il (since Saturday. (not feel well) 6 My dad fell asleep two hours ago and he hasn't woken, up yet (—_} fortwo hours. (sleep) ‘estopped, Present perfect simple and present perfect continuous We use the present perfect continuous to emphasise the uration of an action which started in the past, For finished actions we use the present perfect simple. Wave been living in Lordon for twelve years. (We stil tive there now.) The lived in Moscow, Berlin and Madrid, (They don’t necessarily ive there any anger) How long is the most common time expression used with the present perfect continuous. How often or how many / much is usually used with the present perfect simple. How long fas ce. been sleeping? vat sui? How many Engithleseans nave you had? Hew often have you wo When we use verbs describing a state or situation (eg. have, tite, love, know), we do not use the continuous form, t had an iPod for two years. 1. Complete one sentence in each pair with the present perfect sinple and the other with the present perfect. continuous. 1 spend *tatford that dress. | all my money. tea much money recently me should 2 have a Americans (____} Thanksgiving dinners for hundreds of years I'm rot hungry. 11 my dinner, 3 talk a Lookat the time! We (____] forhours! b Idor't know Tom well, butwe(___] on the phone once or twice: 4 goout a Ben and Sharon [ ) afew times, but they didn’t get on very well b Shane and Karen{ 1 since the summer and are reallyin love Match 1-8 with replies (-h). Then complete the replies with the present perfec continuous or present perfect simple form of the verbs in brackels. Sorry tm late. 7) Why is dad walking tke that2(-) What's that funny smell in the kitchen? (-) You lookreally exhausted.(_) Why does Mum lookso angiy?() Some ofthese questions are vey difficult. () Why are you looking so embarrassed? () Your sisters looking very healthy. (-) \(——) (break) her laptop. | (send) » text message to the wrong person i ) (wait) forages! You C1 (do) the wrong exercise, 1 J (lay) volleyball in the park. shel } (eat) a lot of fruit and vegetables. Dad (1) (eon) again h He twist isan [:] zero conditional We use the zero conditional to talk about a result which follows a particular action, IE yu click on that igon, it open the trail message IE our hair gets wet, you fel cold Weuse the present simple to describe the action as well asthe result mes Cees Ifyou don’tsleep well, you feel tired. (present simple) (present simple) 1. Use the prompts to make zero conditional sentences. Remember: the /- clause can come first or second. [i= most phones / not break / you / drop / them you / push / this button / the light / come on my dog / lie dawn /1/ clap | my hands cheese j melt / you / cook / it you / turn around / lots of times / you / fee! / sick the alarm / ring / everybody / have to / leave [2] Specutating and predicting We use modal verbs: may, might, could + base fom to talk about events (situations) which could take place in the future, | might ge out for dinner tenight 4 a‘k2:| Language Review 3-4 Tritt ttom CALA) Unit 3 1 Match words 1-5 with a-eto complete the verb phrases. 1 seve} rmanualwork 2 work b people 3 do) © £5.an hou 4 supervise) 4 customers 5 © nine-tovive MeN 2 Complete the sentences with who, whose, which or where and the clauses below. ‘checks your eyesight likes us to be on time applied for sister was on TV ‘my mum works 4 That's the building 1) My boss is someone] That's the job_ (J) Do you know the boy 2 ‘an optician is someone a 3. Rewite the sentences, including the information in brackets as a nor-defining relative clause, s-=n0 1. Myuuncle works for Fat. (He's just gat a new car.) Sally's new jab is stressful. (She started it last month.) John can't draw at all. (His mum isan artist) My maths teacher is going to join a band, (She's a grea singer.) My interview went well (t took twe hours.) ce 45 Complete the sertences wih the adjectives belo. eos flexible polite salt motivated ce rere {mind changing plans it creative ry job ne propety. ) person doesn't need anyone to tel them wha Unit 4 5. Match words 1-5 with the correct part af the body (2-2) 4 nostri) a hand 2 palm) b foot 3 waist) © ee 4 sole) 4 body 5 thigh) © nose 6 Complete the min-dialogues with the coreect form of the vetbs in brackets. Use the past simple or present perfect. jou (__) (buy) that jacket? Do you tite it? dy (do) my homework When ( OnSat A B A 8 Good foryou. | haven't 3A Sally) igo) on holiday yesterday. 8 A B A B Lucky her. Where to? imming race last week! just (__ (irish) a great book. Of reall? Who wot it Maite 15) 7 Complete the dialogue with the correct form of the verbs in, brackets. Use the present perfect simple or continuous. jou (__ (do) lately? (ead) detective stories! this week! They're fantastic! Boy |*(__} (play) computer games all week. (oot f2ad) any books. Can | borrow one of yours? Girt Ofcourse. War 15 'B Complete the doctor's questions with the words below. (read) four allergic 1 What can i for you? 2 Have you had any other(__1? 3. Fl touch your stomach, ist) 4 5 dizzy do painful symptoms ‘Are you ___}t0 penicillin? Do yau fealsickor(__)Skills Round-up Lead-in 1. Imagine you needed to work part-time to earn some extra money. What job would you like to do? Why? Speaking 2. Describe the photo, Then answer the questions. 4 How do you think the waiter in the photo is feeling? 2 What do you think young people can leer from doing parttime jobs 3 Tell ne about the last time you saw somedody who seemed unhappy at wark Reading 3 Read the job adverts (AE). Which Job looks the most interesting, in your opinion? Why? Are you hard-working and reliabl. if you ore, then come ond join the team at Left Field Bookshop and Cofé, We need people to work 9-5 Tuesday-Saturday in our busy sandwich bar an¢ in the ‘bookshop too: please state your preference when You ‘apply, Send your CV and « covering letter to the shop ‘manager. Pay: £8 an hour. (a Part-time job at the Museum of Liverpool 4, Match each sentence to one ox more ofthe job adverts (A-E} 1 The ob involves working sx days a week. ©) Applicants need to write aletter(_) Successful applicants must be reliable.) Successful applicants must workin the evening.) Successful applicants willnave a choice of hours.) The jab pays £8an hour or more.(_} Speaking another language will help.) Theres an appleation form fr thi ob. Listening 5 [GUBIGS|tsten and ancwer the questions, 1 Which from exercise 9 does An apoly forand get? 2 Why doestrrshe star work un te aneed dey? VLOG Listen again. re these sentences tue or false? 1 The interviewer hasn't seen Anna's application, (] 2 Anna ells the interviewer that the job matches her experience and personality. 2) 3. Anna says she can speak English, Polish, German and a little Russian.) 4 Anna doesn’t remember correctly what the job advert sald aboutworking hours. () 5. Anna peters to workin the afternoon because she has classes in the morning. 6 Anna cant speak to [ular Lloyd because he isnt in the office.) Writing 7 Choose one of the other job adverts from exercise 3 and write ‘an application leter. You do not need to include addresses, Remember to state: + where you saw the adv * what your personal qualities are. + what relevant experience you have (invent if necessary) * what you are enclosing with the letter, invent this) Wanted AeceptonSs tor busy sports and fitness eu in Lio pol city ent, Must be pot, ten and reliable An interest spot ad /or cepts essential ad freon lan ira languages would be an advantage ours: 6-10..m, Montay to Saturday Pay £6 an hoor 40ply by eral to: manager@ftnesstorallcom Pree Petparmty yet me tices preernt e Set Rests Ae ng Fe) reo penernenr ue nia ire) persis paises Peveres SkillsTHIS UNIT INCLUDES Vocabulary » computing * noun prefixes » verb and nounallocations accepting nd decningsaggestions Tomorrow’s world Grammar «zero condtonal * s'frercondionl = futwe pr ontinucus = future te clause and future continuous » mil oon ‘Speaking » talking abou'the future * mating and 3 Weting © an normal erat ing plans VOCABULARY AND LISTENING COMPULING eT ea ee eka TT 1. EEEIUIIE Work in pairs. Discuss this question. How often do you use a computer and what different things do you use itr? 2 Complete the questionnaire using the words below. Use a dictionary to help you if necessary. Then listen and check. Computing app autocomplete blog browsers channel data desktop links network podcast Soclal-networting USB usemame wed page WiFi pREYOUA webcam Have you ever ' + Mage dtoaced and steneé to 2 sponded photos to 2 st Base hspol “installed an——)-0 Your phon @ fed e-sae— wublished a (—_) | eantereed toa YouTube C—)? anne | Subsea : Slee to vdeo chat tes te fillin forms on web pages? ur ownwords. sxplain these sentences in YO! : 2 Enola enc ane webmaster 7 Peon tis page are BroKEN. lp. fom —— ae passes west © Click on the red button to bookma C4 mn you name three different _ oan yer pics that make C—O? 2 Cringe you could connect to the (> of a computer? means of storage? 4 internet a | units Tomortaw’s world 8 Describe your smartph 3 EIEN Answer the questionnaire in exercise 2. Then compare answers with your partner. Who is more geeky? UIE toot atthe descrition oa compute. Then tsten Rea emseyin Shon aod wie het g numbers. This laptop has a 1.66 Ghz processor and 1) mB of RAM. It has a ((___) ® hard drive and a " usp display. qt has a ‘Cx Dvp writer and two built-in ‘(lw speakers. ARORA 0 you pronounce ne cercise 4? Say them aloud. Then listen again and check. 6 Match the fist part ofthe sentences about smartphone apps (1-6) with the endings (a-f). Which app sounds most, useful? Give reasons, With this new phone app: 1 your phone ells you what song is playing 2 ifyou visit tourist attraction, 7) 3 you can make free calls () 4 you can exchange information between two phones, () 5. if you take the phone outside at night, -) 6 ifyou pointthe phone at something in @ shop, 2) a your phone knows whereyou are and gives you interesting information about the place » ittells you where you can buy the same thing at a s ofthe stars in the sky. p the phones gently together. @ you hold itn front ofa speaker. BD HAM BOER SOE HS 7 ‘Work in pairs, Invent a new app for a smart + the type of activity (games, work, music, photos, ete. + a name for your app and what it can do/ how you can use i. 1¢ app to the class. The class votes for the best app.crammar Speculating and predicting ee el a ea 4 EIEIUIIG Read the text Do you think Ray Kurzweil’s, predictions will come true? Give reasons. ‘Man won't fly for 50 years; said Wilbur Wright in 1907, “wo years late, he and his brother made the world’s fist successful ght. Predicting the futur safc, but the Singularity Universtyin Galfornia you can actualy study ‘uturology. The University’s director is Ray Kurzweil who predicts that huge increases in computer power wil change the world dramatically. By 2045, welll probably be only the second most ntelligent creatures on Earth, after computers. These computers might think, communicate and act so quickly that ordinary humans won't be able to understand them. But ‘of course, ordinary humans might notexist then - everybody may have computer chips inside their brains. Technology may also eradicate disease and increase life expectancy. I life expectancy increases faster than people age, nobody will die. ‘This could cause other problems forthe Eat 2. Read the Learn this! box. Find examples of these structures in the text: may, might, could, won't, might rot, will and will probably. Speculating and predicting wort probadty won't may / might coud wil erobaDiy wi 1 To talk about possibility in the future, we can use ‘may, might o¢ could followed by a base form: She may / might {could leave schoo! nex year. 2 We use may not or might not forthe negative ~ we do not use could not. 3 Tomake predictions, we can use will. When we are not certain, we use ! think .. or probably I think it will ain later. / It wil probably rain later. 3 How likely are these events to happen in the next five years? Write sentences using expressions from exercise 2. you move abroad you leam to drive you go to university you get married there's an earthquake in Britain there's a major flu epidemic Brazil wins the football world cup you fail an important exam There probably wor't be an earthquake in Britan 4 Read the Learn this! box. Find an example of the first conditional in the text in exercise 1, n make predictions with the frst conditional, We use the present simple in the if clause and willin the main clause: Ifthe hotel has WEF, 1 check my emails. 2 We can use may, might or could inthe main clause if the prediction is only a possibility Ifyou refresh the page, it might lood. 5. Match the to halves of the predictions and write the verbs in bracketsin the correct tenses (present simple and will or may / might / could). 1 {there (1) (be) a major flu epidemic, 2 Ordinary tourists (——_) (go) into space) 3. Governments ( (ban) cars) 4 ifthe Eatn ©) (become) too crowded, C) 5 Everybody (J (be) online 24 hours day) 6 ifyoungpeople (put too much personal information on sociabnetworking sites, 2) a humans(_— te) on Mas. b iftickets(____) (not be) too expensive. € ifthe number of Wifi hotspots (increase) 4 millionsof people (de. © they} (reged itwhen they're olde f if global warming) (get) worse. EID GRAMMAR BUILDER $.2: PAGE 126 Ol AEM ‘We can use these phrases to agree or disagree with other people’s opinions: I think that’s true. /1 don't think that’s true agree / don’t agreewith (you / him / that opinion). believe / don’t believe that’s right That seems / doesn'tseem very likely. 6 [EZEUEIE Read the exam strategy. Say whether you agree or disagree with the predictions in exercise 5. Give reasons. 7 Work in pais. Complete these precicions about the future with your own ideas. Then tel the class. Do they agree? 1 IFeverytody lives forever, 2 iFcomputers become more inteligent than humans, 3 Ifthe world becomes too crowded, soja 4 If humans have computer chipsin their brains, 5 If we don't use less energy, Unit 5 = TonyCULTURE Time capsules can understand and react to « radio programme about time cay 1 Look at the picture of the Westinghouse time ‘capsule. Workin pars and discuss these questions. 1. What is the point of atime capsule? 2 What kinds ofitems do you think would be interesting to people in the future? Give reasons. 2 Complete the compound nouns using the ‘words below. Check in a dictionary to see if they are written as one word or two. alarm base can light news tape tooth 1) clock 5 sick 2 (—) opener 6 CJ ball 3 —) measure 7 J smiten 4 C—) brush 2 Creel 2 ERWERT te rer and recor answers Which prt ofthe compound nouns iestresod? 4 Work in pairs. Think about the items in exercise 2, which atealln the time capsule. Decide whether each ter: 1 isinthe picture in exercise 1 2 would be interesting for people in the future. Why? 5 Listen to a radio programme. What has been buried in the parkin New York? 6 (GWE Listen again, Choose the corect answers. 1 The interviews aking place n Flushing Meadows Park a because mee isa Won Fai taking place ere B because Professor Wotson works ta university near the pa € because thetime capsules ae buried inthe park 2 whyare there wo time capsules? a They made copy ofthe fst capsule. b They couldn ft everthing into one capsule € Because there were two Wold Fs 3 Howwere the 35 items inside the ist time capsule 2 They were all made of itferent materials b They showed what evendy life nas ike in 1939, € They were al invented in the 20th century 1A6 | Unit5 » Tomorrow's world ‘4 Whats the connection between Albert Einstein and the time capsule? a He invented the material the capsule is made of. b There's a biography of Einstein in the capsule, € There's a message From him in the capsule. 5 What does the capsule contain to help peoplein the future understand the contents? 2 A complete guide to the English language. b A grammar book € Translations of the contents into different languages. {6 What does the Book of Record contain? a Alist of libraries and museums around the world, 'b Information about the time capsule, € Information about things in libraries and museums. [EQZLEIE Work in groups or pairs. imagine you are going to bury atime capsule with ten items inside. Choose two items for each category A-E below. A Culture (music, literature, ste.) B Technology € Politics and word affairs D Home life E Language Write a message to the people who willopen your time capsule 1,000 yeats from now. Include this information: puss + Who you are. + When and why you are burying the tine capsule ‘+ An explanation of your choice of tems from oxercise 7. + One or two problems the word is facing today (e.g climate change, war, poverty, etc). + When the time capsule should be opened. ue names are. we ve in The year is. and were burying tis capeule because We are induding .. because The world today facrs the protiem of “The capsule should be opened inthe year. Present your project to the class. The class votes for the best choice of items and the best message.crammar Future perfect and future continuous Ter eae ee Aa 1 Read the text. Which ofthe three jobs do you think would be the most interesting? Give reasons. at new jobs will we be doing 20 years from now? Many of teday's jobs wil have disappeared, but what wil replace them? Nobody krows for sure, but here are thre ideas from employment experts. Vertical fermets Ou cites willhave become so over populated thatfarmers will be growing crops in skyscrapers inorder to feed everyone. Weather police: lots water shortage will have become so serious that people willbe stealing clouds from thir neighbours. ‘Memory surgeon: Medical scientists wil have leamed how the human brain works, Doctrs will be adding extra memory to people whose brains ae ful TR 2. Read the Learn this! box. Underline all the examples of the future perfect and future continuous in the textin exercise 1. Then complete the rules. Future perfect and future continuous 1 We form the future perfect with: wil have + past participle Bynext Friday, we'll have finished school 2. We form the future continuous with wil be + -ing form This time next week, I'l be revising 3 Weuse the future ‘(to talk about a completed action in the future. to tall about an action 4 We use the future in progress in the future 3 Complete the tex. Use the future perfect or future continuous form of the verbs in brackets. This is my final year at cod. Six mont from now, f (cy) a univer. He three-year course, 80 {four years from new, *_—_1 (fn). 'd love career in fashion, Maybe, in five years’ time, (1). (work) fora fshion desner. ("——— (ne / probaby) in a big city London, New York, Paris or Mila. That's where the _jobs are. Hopefly, by the tine t'm 35, 15) (learn) eoaugh about the fashion indvstry fo start my own fasion label with ack, "1 (ra) my omn sucess GRAMMAR BUILDER 5.3; PAGE 136 4 Look at the chart. Do you think these things will have happened, or will be happening, by the years suggested? Write ¥ (yes) or W (n0) next to each prediction. 1 doctors / find a cure for al major by 2025 — 2 tourists /g0.0n ips into space by 2030 3 scientists /invent ero-emissions by 2035 4 people / often live to the ageof by 2040 200 or more 5 humans / make contact with aliens by 2045 G arobet//become presidentafa by 2050 county 7 Earth / completely run out of oil B teenagers / spend all day ina virtues world ‘9 humans / destroy the Earth by 2055 by 2060 by 2065 (U0U0I0000E 5 ESEENIG tn pairs, ask and answer questions about the chart in exercise 4, Use the future perfect or future continuous, Will doctors have found acure \ forall major diseases by 20252 “Yes, I think so. / No, do I don’tthink so. Will tourists be going on i © Work in pairs. Choose a year between 2025 and 2065 and decide on: ‘one current job that wll have disappeared, ‘one new job that people wil be doing one new gadgetthat people will be using. ane new item of clothing that people wil be wearing, ‘one new place where people willbe ving. ‘one major discovery that scientists will have made. 7 Present your ideas to the class. Do they agree or disagree? Which idea Is the most interesting or unusual? { We think that by 2040, the job of teacher will hhave disappeared because students will be learning at home using personal robots. One new jab that people wil be doing is. Unit 5 * Tomy1 Describe the pictures. They show visions of the future fifty years from now. Which one do you think is the most likely to come true? Give reasors. 2 [ISDE ead te tots. your opinion, whose prediction Is: 1 the most optimistic? 2 the scariest? 3 the most likely to come tue? Gener When you'ee looking for specific information jn a text, reading the first sentence of a paragraph often tells you what the whole paragraph is about 3. Read the exam strategy. Then match paragraphs A-F with, predictions 1-8. There are two extra predictions that you do not need. 1 We will be able to choose how long our own life is 2 We will be communicating directly with search engines as if they were people. 3 We will use computers to help us talk to people who do not speak our language. ‘4 We will be able to get any new body parts weneed. 5 We will develog a new technology that will make the human race extinct. 6 Some humans will have gone to live on another planet. 7 We will have made contact with life in other parts of the galaxy. 8 We won't be living in most ofthe areas we Inhabit now, 4 RENN Match the verbs (1-7) and nouns (a-g) to make phrases from the text. reduce a a acatasirophe 2 trea) » information 3 suffer © damaged parts 4 stat, 4 discoveries 5 replace( © carbon emissions 6 provideO) # acolony 7 make) g illnesses 5 Complete the sentences with phrases trom exercise 4. 4. When poorer countries (like a load or an earthquake, Itcauses enormous destruction. 2 Is itpossible to ( withoutdeugs? 3 Using public transport helps to ( 44 Today, surgeons can (of your heart. 5 | asked the university 0 } about their degree 6 Itwould be dificult to ( there's no water 7 Evewy year. scientists ) on the moon because ) about our universe. 448 | Units » Tomorrow's world aur 6 Work in pairs. Make three predictions about the wortd in fifty years’ time. Use the ideas below to help youand some ‘of the nouns and verbs from exercise 4 buildings climate computers education entertainment health space transport work 7 EEL Tell the class your predi disagree? BD VOCABULARY BUILDER 2: PAGE SH Years on™ ns. Do they agree or tifie achiser to the British sir David King, scientfie adviser Government if we don't reduce carbon emissions, he ay ico will melt an will become warmer, polor a can wil rise. ies like London and New You ‘wll disoppear under the water. By 2100, Antorcl ould be the only continent that is sutoble fr human life ~ the test of the world will be 100 cocetFrancis Collins, geneicis " y years from now, millions of people will ive past the age of 100 and remain healthy. This will ha because welll be able to study each person's genetic code and find the best way inthat humans live?, but “How long do we want to live?’ treat lines: physics During the next fifty Q Years, our planet might suffer a atastophe. Hurians could disappear, just ie the dinosaurs and hundreds of other species. The beet ‘make humans safe from extincion iso stort coh ‘ore hens sf start a colony | "ot @ prediction, but « hope. Wl be smart enough o do _ Je able to repair the { believe that soon we wil ae fyman body in the same way that we can rep is of a car or a washing machine. i’be able 10 grow new »w rms and. damaged par! Five years from now, we wil : our whole body: fingers, ond. 0 Boer ty yrs, replacing ¥ im wile normal Peter Norvig, direct Today, of pages 2p al over he weld hat search engines od intematon er People will simply discuss a mpl css her needs wah id the computer will make Suggestions and pr os a usable information, Not just a list of links, <= Ccess fo billions the moment, they use years from now, Eric Horvitz, principal r oso In fifty years’ time, computers willbe much more 1 than today, and this will change people's «5 will help people work, learn, plan and rent countries intelligent fives. Computer : decide. They will help people from di fomatically translating -omputers Io understand each other by aut from one language fo another. ineligat «vill work os scientists, and wil stort fe ies on thelr own, make important disco Unit 5 = Tom50 See om Eater lecular (can suggest and agree on plans for the weekend. 3 GEMM Work in pars. Practise reading the dialogue in exercise 1 replacing the words in blue with other activities from exercise 1 or your own ideas. Read and listen to the dialogue. ‘What are Blake and Leuren planning to do this weekend? White L (Lauren) and 8 Blake) next to the activities you hear. Activites do some schoolwork. go bowing C) 4 utente dagen wy arth speakers ‘goice skating) goforapizza() go for bike ride) calling each other? Who is more keen to meet up? Katie or go skateboarding) gota bed early) Joe? lack or Olivia? Explain your answer, have a barbecue() have lunch / dinner with relatives () have some friends ound) (QD Listen again. What arrangement do they make? meet (somebody) fora coffee) 1 Katie & Joe . 2 Jack & Olivia 6 Match these phrases fiom the dialogues with the groups ‘A-Cin the Learn this! box. Then add one more phrase to each group from the dialogue in exercise 1. Ym not up forit.() ve already got ptans.C) tet’s..Q | was wondering ifyou'd like to... Next time maybe. 0) OK. Why not?) No, thanks. I'm not very keen on.) Lauren What are you up to at the weekend? Blake Im going skateboarding on Saturday morning, Lauren Have you got any plans forthe afternoon? Blake Yes, 1 nave. '™m going to finish my science project. But maybe wwe could meet up in ‘A Making suggestions Shall we. ? Why don't we / yeu. ? How about (+-ing)? ‘Maybe we could What about (+ ing)? the evening? B Accepting suggestions Lauren |can't,'m afraid. 'm Great idea rd love to. having a barbecue, Yes, that sounds fun. Yes, I'd be up for that. Blake That's a shame, Do you fancy doing something That's a good idea. ‘on Sunday? Lauren Sure! The afternoon is better for me. might be going for bike ride with my sister in the moma, ‘7 EEA Work in pais. Practise making suggestions and Blake Actually tm going bowling with come ends on reacting tothem usingphraes am the Lear his box. Sunday aftemoon. But you're welcome to jin us See ta cee alan Gone Lauren Tanks. ' love to. What time? SBeacieies fers Tandy es Blake Fouro’clock, And we'll be going for pizza after. Lauren. Great iden. las speak again on Sunday. Wha event Blake OK. cal you 2 Read the Learn this! box and underline all the examples of the tenses in the dialague. 8 Work in pairs. Prepare a dialogue. Remember to.use the correct verb forms from the Learn this! box and appropriate phrases from exercise 6. Declining suggestions Sorry, can't | don't really fancy (+ ing). will, going to, may /might, present continuous and future continuous ‘+ Askabout your partner's plans. 1 We use will for things we decide to do aswe are + Tell yourpartner about your own plans. speaking (Instant decisions, offers, promises). «Make suggestions foran activity you could do:together 2 We use going to or the future continuous for things = Accept or decline your partner's suggestions. we have already decided to do (intentions) + Agree on one activity you can do together. 3 We often use may or might ifwe aren*t sure 4 We use the present continuous for things we have 9 Act out your dialogue to the class. already agreed to do, usually with sometody else (arrangements) Unit 5 » Tomorrow's worldCOTM Venice tl can write an informal email about future plans and ambitions. 1 Read the email. Why is Archie writing to Carl? 2 find four different activities that Archie is planning to do during the Easter holiday. What tenses does he use in his email? pica, Dear Carl ‘Thanks for your email. t's great that you're planning to visit us next month, ‘As soon as term finishes, 'm going camping in the New Forest with my dad and my brocher, Kieran, We're planning to be away for three or four days. lreally want to 29 Fishing a few times, and while we're there, 'm hoping to ‘atch some fishto eat in the evenings. After we get hack I'll be working in my uncle's café for afew daysover Easter. ‘You could visit any time during the last wook of the holiday. I be retaking a couple of exams next term, 0 1 need to do some revision before I go back toschool. But rockon I'l he able ta work when you're here. be grateful ifyou could confirm the dates of your visit as soon as possible. won't make any more plans until Theat from you! All the best Archie 3 Find one sentence that is too formal. How could you rewrite itin a more informal style? 4 Read the Leara this! box. Underline examples of want, hope, plan ané reckon in Archie's email 1 We can use an infinitive after the verbs want, hope and plan, ’m hoping to visit some friends. 2 We use a clause after the verbs think and reckon, We cannot use an infinitive. I think Pitstay at home. don't reckon Ill enjoy this fl 5 Complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets anda 1m not planning) (go) to university next yer. 2 | don't reckon [pass all my exams 3 We've hoping C——lspend) afew days abroad 4 I think 008) fora jo ina restaurant. 5 | con't think) (vst) any relatives this holiday. 6 We want ( —} (stay) in a hotel by the sea. 6 Read the writing strategy. Find and undertine an example of, all six conjunctions in Archie's email In sentences referring to the future, we use the present after, before and simple after: when, as s007 as, unt while, but NOT will 7 Choose the correct conjunction in these sentences. 1 We can't goto the beach until / while it stops raining 2 1m going te buy a car ater / as soon as | can aford 3 Iilbeleve& before / when | ce 4 You must vs the Eifel Tower until / wile you're in Pars 5 need to get tothe bankas soon as / before it closes, 6 They won't et us into the cinema afer / while the fim stars. i 'B Read the exam task below. Which parts of Archie's email include the information required inthe task? Aish fiend wants to sty with you fora few days over the holiday. Write an email (120-150 words) to him / her. + Sayhow you feet about his / her plans to visit and wy. + Give some information about what you wl be doing in the holidays and when. + Beplain when the best time fr his/her ist would be, and why. + Askewhen he / she plans io arcve and how long the visit wl be. ® Make notes for the exam task. Write down one or two ideas for each piece of information required in the task. Invent a same for the person you are writing to. 10 Write your email using your notes from exercise 9. ==" CHECK YOUR WORK Unit 5 = Tory