Material Properties: Design situation: Persistent & Transient

Concrete Grade: C20/25 f ck = 20 N/mm2 c= 1.5

Steel Grade: S400 f cd = 13.3 N/mm2 cc= 1.00
f ctm = 2.21 N/mm2 ct= 1.00
f ctk;0.05 = 1.55 N/mm2
Limiting values: f ctd = 1.03 N/mm2
K' = 0.168 f yk = 400 N/mm2 s= 1.15
f yd = 348 N/mm3
Geometric Property:
b = 300 mm Clear Cover (top) = 35 mm lo
h = 500 mm Clear Cover (bottom) = 75 mm

CALCULATION FOR BENDING REINFORCEMENT

dbottom = 406 mm dtop = 447 mm

Minimum reinforcement required => Max of 1 & 2 below (9.2.1.1):

1. Ast min(bottom) = 0.0013 b d
= 0.0013 x 300 x 406
= 158 mm2

2. Ast min (bottom) = 0.26 fctm b d

f yk
= 0.26 x 2.21 x 300 x 406
400
= 175 mm2

.'. Minimum reinforcement required at bottom = 175 mm2

Similarly, minimum reinforcement required at top = 193 mm2

Design BM at bottom (MEd) = 214.23 kN-m (From calculations with safety factors)

K= Md = 0.217 > 0.168 (Limiting value of K)

2
fck.b.d btm

Hence compression reinforcement is required.

.'. Reinforcement required at the bottom face is,
z=d*[0.5+(0.25-K/1.134)]= 301 mm
Astb = Md
fyd x z
Astb = 2043 mm2

Provide 4 pcs of 20 bars +

Provide 4 pcs of 16 bars at bottom
Astb provided = 2061 mm2 > 2043 mm2 OK
MRd,btm = Astb.prov*fyd*z = 216.1 kN-m

BEAM DESIGN
Design BM at top (MEd) = -55.09 kN-m (From calculations with safety factors) Page: 2(4)

K= Md = -0.046 < 0.168 (Limiting value of K)

f ck .b.d top 2

Hence compression reinforcement is not required.

.'. Reinforcement required at the top face is,
z=d*[0.5+(0.25-K/1.134)]= 464 mm
Astt = Md
fyd x z
Astt = -341 mm2

Provide 4 pcs of 16 bars +

Provide 0 pcs of 12 bars at top
2 2
Astt provided = 804 mm > 193 mm OK
MRd,btm = Astt.prov*fyd*z = 129.9 kN-m
Shear reinforcement calculation :

Design Shear Force VEd,y = 138.51 kN

Design Shear Force VEd,z = 731.06 kN
Corresponding torsion TEd = 10.80 kNm
Corresponding compressive/tensile force Fx = 0.00 kN (- for tension)
Asl,tension=Fx/fyd = 0 mm
Area of unused tensile longitudinal reinforcement, Asl = 18 mm2

Maximum shear force carrying capacity (crushing) of section is (6.2.3(3):

VRd, max = cw b z 1 fcd (cot + tan ) < (0.5 b d 1 fcd) (eq. 6.9 & 6.5)

where, 1 = 0.6 (1 - fck/250)

= 0.552
w = 1 +cp/fcd for 0 < cp < 0.25 fcd
= 1.250 for 0.25 fcd < cp < 0.5 fcd
= 2.5 (1 -cp/fcd) for 0.5 fcd < cp < 1.0 fcd

.'. w = 1.000
cot = 1.00 (Dispersion of 45 degrees is assumed)

.'. VRd, max = 332.8 kN > 138.5 kN OK

Shear resisting capacity of section without shear reinforcement is maximum of 1&2 below (6.2.2):
1) VRd,c = (CRd,c k (1001 fck)1/3 + k1 cp) b d (eq. 6.2a)

where, CRd,c = 0.120

k = 1 + (200/d)1/2 < 2.0
= 1.70
1 = 0.000
k1 = 0.15
cp = 0.000 N/mm2
.'. VRd,c= 16.5 kN

2) VRd,c = (Vmin + k1 cp) b d (eq. 6.2b)

where, Vmin = 0.035 k1.5 fck0.5
= 0.348
.'. VRd,c= 42.3 kN

.'. VRd,c= 42.3 kN

Since VRd,c < VEd, additional shear reinforcement is required.

BEAM DESIGN
Required shear resistance by stirrups is, Page: 3(4)
VRd,s = 138.5 kN

Area of stirrups required per metre,

Asw = VRd,s /(z fywd cot ) = 1321 mm2 /mtr (eq. 6.8)
Asw,min = 0.08*fck/fyk*b*1000 = 268 mm2 /mtr (eq. 9.5N)
.'. Asw,req = Max(Asw,min ; Asw ) = 1321 mm2 /mtr

No torsional reinforcement is required if following condition is satisfied,

TEd / TRd,c + VEd / VRd,c < 1.0 (eq. 6.31)
A = 150000 mm2
u = 1600 mm
uk = 1225 mm
tef,i = 93.75 mm (A/u)
Ak = 83789 mm2
Torsional cracking moment is given by,
TRd,c = fctd tef,i 2 Ak (eq. 6.26, assuming t,i =f ctd )
= 16.2 kNm
.'. TEd / TRd,c + VEd / VRd,c = 3.94 > 1.0
0.666 + 3.273
.'. Torsional reinforcement need to be provided.

Section is adequate to resist combined action of shear & torsion if following condition is satisfied:
TEd / TRd,max + VEd /VRd,max < 1.0 (eq. 6.29)
where, TRd,max = 2 cw fcd Ak tef,i sin cos
= 57.8 kNm
.'. TEd / TRd,max + VEd /VRd,max = 0.60 OK
0.187 + 0.416
Additional shear force in side-walls due to torsion is given by,
VEd,1.2= VEd/2 + VEd,T1.2 (BY210, p.311)
where, VEd,T1.2 = TEd*(h-tef)/(2*Ak*)
= 1-0.25*h/b = 0.583
zi = (h-tef) or (b-tef) z3 =

3
Asw,i = VEd,i /(z fywd cot )
tef 2
i VEd,Ti VEd,i zi Asw,i
h
1 44.9 114.1 206 1591
2 -44.9 24.4 206 340 1
3 22.8 388.3 406 2748
4 -22.8 342.7 406 2426 b 4
Asw,i.max= 2748 mm/mtr

Total shear reinforcement required = Max (2*Asw,i.max ; Asw,req )

.'. = 5496 mm2 /mtr

Diameter of stirrups = 10 mm
Nos. of legs of stirrups = 2
Required spacing of 2 legged stirrups = 29 mm
Inclination of stirrups to longitudinal axis of member () = 90 degree
Longitudinal spacing of stirrups shall be: 0.75 d (1 +cot ) < 304 mm (eq. 9.6N)
If eq. 6.31>1, Longitudinal spacing of stirrups for torsion: u/8 < 200 mm (9.2.3(3))
Provided the spacing of stirrups= 175 mm > 29 mm NOT OK
Asw provided = 898 mm2 /mtr

Transverse spacing of stirrups: Min(0.75 d ; 600 mm) = 304 mm (eq. 9.8N)

BEAM DESIGN
Additional longitudinal reinforcement required due to torsion: Page: 4(4)

Area of unused longitudinal reinforcement, Asl.prov = 822 mm2

Asl.sides= TEd cot uk / (2Ak fyd) - Asl,prov (eq. 6.28)

2
= 227 mm - 822 mm = 0 mm

Provide 0 pcs of 10 bars +

Provide 0 pcs of 10 bars at sides
2 2
Asl.side provided = 0 mm >= 0 mm OK

.'. Total longitudinal reinf required at sides = 0 mm2 < provided reinf. OK.

Horizontal bending moment capacity:

dsides = 250 mm zapprox = 0.9 d = 225 mm

Mu=Asl*fyd*z= 0.0 kNm

Summary :

Provide 4 pcs of 20 bars plus 4 pcs of 16 bars at bottom

Provide 4 pcs of 16 bars at top
Provide 0 + 0 pcs of 10 bars at sides
Provide 10-2 legged stirrups at c/c 175 mm
Maximum transverse distance of stirrups 304 mm

BEAM DESIGN