വ്യത്യസ്തതയിലേക്കുള്ള പ്രയാണം

2 hyXykvXXbntep {]bmWw
hyXykvXXbntep
{]bmWw
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{InkvXy thUv ]ntjkv

BepwaqSv, sImw 691577
hyXykvXXbntep {]bmWw 3
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Vyathyasthathayilekkulla_Prayaanam
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Malayalam
Vyathyasthathayilekkulla Prayaanam
Author : J.P. VENNIKULAM
Reserved
First Impression : December 2012
Cover Design : Saji Naduvathra
Type Setting & Printing : Praise Offset, Pta # 9544373771
Published by : Christian World Publication, Kollam
Price : ` 70/-
D-Sw
Ah-Xm-cnI 07
]pkvXIm`n{]mbw 09
apJ-samgn 13
1 {]XnknIfn ]XdmsX {]m\tbmsS - 15
2 Fgptv ]WnbpI 20
3 hnizkvXX apJap{ZbmpI 24
4 hyXykvXcmIm B{Klnppthm? 29
5 Hcp ôs\lmkv BIm Ignbptam? 36
6 {InkvXphn hfcpI; kIenepw 40
7 hnipoIcWw {InkvXp hoWn 44
8 ]utemkns\ t\mn ]Tnq 48
9 BZcnm ssZhw 52
10 kzmX{yw \Ip {InkvXp kzmX{yw 55
11 cmw kv]i\w Cns Bhiyw 58
12 `n bYmambncns 62
13 Nebvpnse kzmX{yw 66
14 {InkvXob t\XrXzw: Hcp hnNn\w 69
15 ZuXyhpambn aptdp kmnbmIpI 74
16 Nne {Inkvakv NnI 78
17 hneyw tIdnbpw skdmqcpw 82
18 XcwKmSnbpsS kzw koK_mKv 88
19 {InkvXym\nXzhpw kztZiobhXvIcWhpw ]ns s\m_nenbpw 94
20 IpnI ssZhcmPyns appI 98
21 Iuamcw IcpXtemsS 101
22 thWw am\ap bu\w 105
AhXmcnI
Imhn F\nv kp]cnNnX\pw bphP\{]h\fn
iamb ip{iqj sNph\pw Hcp \ FgppImc\pw
RfpsS kl{]hI\mb ]m hn.sP. tXmakpIpnbpsS
(shnpfw) aI\pamb tPm ]n.tXmakv kphntijcwKv
\njvIfambn PohnpIbpw {]hnpIbpw sNp Hcp
kphntij t]mcmfnbmWv. Xm aWme s^bvv XntbmfPn
skan\mcnbn thZm`yk\w (B.D) sNpIbpw Ctm thZm
[ym]I\mbn {]hnp hynbpamWv.
\msamhcpw {InkvXphns ams A\pKanphcmbn
thsdmcp hgnbmbn bm{X sNthcmWv. \mtSmSptm \Spth
HmSWw F {]amWw \apv A\pimknp thZ{]amWa.
\psS Acpa\mY Imhmb tbiphns ImphSpIsf
]npSv ssZhhN\{]Imcw hyXykvXambn {]bmWw sNphm
hnfnshcmWv. Cu ]men tPm ]n.tXmakv cNn
hyXykvXXbntep {]bmWw F {Kn\v AhXmcnI
FgpXpIbpw \nfpsS apmsI ]cnNbsSppIbpw sNp
Xn ktmjapv.
Ign ]{v hj hnhn[ ss{IkvXh am[yafn
{]knoIcn teJ\fpsS kamlmcamWv Cu ]pkvXIw. CXn
thZ]T\, [ym\NnI, sXcsSp anjvWdnamcpsS
Ncn{X, CfwXeapdtbmSp ktiw Fnh Dsmnncn
pp. {]m\, hnipn, hnizkvXX, hyXykvX, {InkvXphn
hfcpI, {InkvXob kzmX{yw, {InkvXob t\XrXzw, ZuXy\n
lWw XpSnb hnjb {]tabamIpp. ip{iqjImpw
hnizmknIpw thZ]TnXmpw CfwXeapdbvpw Hcpt]mse
{]tbmP\{]ZamI \nebn hnjb {IaoIcnm {K
Imhv {iannpv.
At\Isc ]m]nsbpw im]nsbpw XmgvNbn \npw
Icw sImSpv Dbphm {]nbssZhZmks Cu {Kw
]cnipmmhv A\p{Klnv P\n\v \Is Fv Rm
{]mnpp.
dh:tUm. Sn.Pn. tImin
aWme
19.12.12 P\d {]knU v
imtcm s^tmjnv Nv
]pkvXIm`n{]mbw
bphP\fpsS CSbnse {]h\nepw {InkvXob kmln
Xy cN\bnepw Cu Ime Ln hfsc {]tbmP\sp sImn
cnp Chm: tPm ]n. tXmakv Hcp ]pXnb {Kw IqSn {]kno
IcnpXn hfsc ktmjapv. hyXykvXXbntep
{]bmWw F iojIw Xs A\phmNIsc hyXykvXambn
Nnnphm t{]cnnpXmWv. a\pjy PohnXw Hcp {]bmW
amWv. B {]bmWns eyw FspXmWv Nn\obw.
Hcp {InkvXp`s\ kw_nnStmfw Ahs {]bmWns
Ahkm\w \nXyXbmWv. ap temIa\pjycn \nv hyXy
kvXambn Fs\ {]bmWw sNWsav hnizmkn Adnncn
t ImcyamWv. Cu temIn; temIa\pjycn \nv hfsc
hyXykvXXbph\mWv hnizmkn. shfnamb, kXyamb, Poh\m
b, hmXnemb, ki\mb tbip Cu `qanbn a\pjymhXmc
saSpv htm; Xm aphcpsS apn Fm \nebnepw
hfsc hyXykvX\mbncpp. tbiphns\ aphcn \nv Gsd
hyXykvX\mnbXv; tbiphns kvt\lw, Zb, kXyw, a,
kuayX, Xmgva Fns\bp khntij KpWfmWv FXp
t]mse {InkvXpinjycn \npw kaqlhpw tbiphpw hyXykvX
XI B{Klnpp. Cu ]pkvXIn {]m\, hnipn, hniz
kvXX XpSn Hcp {InkvXp injys\ temIn hyXykvX\m
p aWvUesfpdnv Bgambn FgpXnbncnpp. `mcX
ans\ hyXykvXamnb anjvWdn Ncn{Xfpw, IpnI, Iuamc
m, bphP\ FnhtcmSp D]tZifpw Cu ]pkvXI
s hyXykvXampp.
sP.]n.shnpfw Fv XqenIm\man AdnbsSp
{KImhv tPm ]n tXmakv Ctm {InkvXy thUv
F ss{IkvXh am[yans FUndpw, \ FgppImc\p
amWv. Xo bmbpw Cu ]pkvXIn Imp Imcy Dv.
Atlns teJ\sf t]mse Cu ]pkvXIhpw At\I
hmbns Fv B{Klnpp, {]mnpp.
Irip{iqjbn,
kmw n. apJe
]nj, {InkvXy thUv
Biwk
Cs temIw amv hnt[bsp sImncnpp.
kakvX taJebnepw AXns {]Xnê\w \apv ImWmw. {Inkv
{Xob PohnXnepw BZna Xeapdbn DmbncpXn \npw
F{Xtbm am CXnt\mSIw kw`hnncnpp. D]tZin
Abhp hcpphcpw hnipntbbpw th]mSnt\bpw emLh
_pntbmsS Xnfbphcpw Ipdh. amv hnt[b
sSp ss{IkvXh Fspw {int ]ca{][m\amb
D]tZikwlnXIsf tImnWpIbmWv Cu {Kw.
D]tZi\na Impkqnm {int hkvXpXI
kzXknamb ssienbneqsS shfnsSppIbmWv {K
Imhv.
Fv.Fw.sF. IpSpw_nse AwKamb kphn. tPm ]n
tXmakv ]pkvXIw {]knoIcnpXn ktmjapv. \nch[n
teJ\ CXnt\mSIw {]knoIcn teJIs Cu ]pkvX
Ihpw Xobmbpw hmb\m CcpssIbpw \on kzoIcnpw
FXn Xan. s]stmkvXv aqey DbnnSnm
Cns kaqln\v Cu ]pkvXIw ImcWamIs Fv {]mn
pp. Fm `mhpIfpw t\cpp
{InkvXphn
]m Fw.]n. tPmpIpn
UbdIvS, tlmkv]n an\nkv{Sokv CUy
Biwk
kphn: tPm ]n. tXmakv cNn
hyXykvXXbntep {]bmWw F
]pkvXIn\v Hcp Biwk FgpXpXn
Rm AXnbmbn ktmjnpp.
ss{IkvXh kmlnXycwKv hN\tmSv
]q hnt[bXzw ]pen, kXyw, \oXn, hnipn Fo
{]amWsf Acnv Ddnp sImpXmWv Xs XqenIbn
cNnnp teJ\. Xm cNnnp teJ\ CXnt\mSIw
{]Nmcw t\SpIbpw P\lrZbsf Bgambn kzm[o\npIbpw
sNbvXnpv. Xs teJ\fn NneXv tImnWnbnp
XmWv Cu ]pkvXIw.
{]mtbmKnI {InkvXob PohnXn\p amp Iqphm, {]h
\ ]cn[nbn sImphtc D]tZiv {]m[m\yw \In
smmWv Cu ]pkvXIw FgpXnbncnpXv. {]m\bpw,
hnip PohnXhpw, As\ {]mtbmKnI PohnXn AXymhiy
ambpw \mw ]ment D]tZin\v {KImhv {]m[m\yw
\IpXv {]iwk\obamWv. Bgamb, ssZh hN\ ]cnm
\hpw, Hcp ]mdpsS aI F \nebn e`n PohnXm\p`h
fpw, Xs FgppIfn ZriyamWv. efnXamb `mjbpw, B
ssNX\yns hmpIfpw hmb\m kzb]cntim[\bn
tepw Bob DWntepw \bnpw FpXv Hcp bmYm
yamWv. Bob lnabpKw _m[np B[p\nI s]tm
kvXp kaqln An^penwKfpbm A[nIw B
iIvXn \mw t\tSnbncnpp. Pzenp a\pIfn Bm
hns Anbpw AnbpsS hnipnbpw Imp kqnpsImv
Imhns alm\ntbmKw \ndthp CWnb Bbp[ambn
Cu {Kw hmb\mcn Xocs, Cu A\p{KlnX{Kw cNn
sP. ]n. shnpfs ssZhafpsS Bob h\bvv
D]Icnp At\Iw {K cNnphm ssZhw klmbns
Fv Biwknpp.
{InkvXphn,
]m hokv tPmjzm
P\d {]knU v, kn.C.Fw.
apJsamgn
amv hnt[bsSp temIn amanmXv
ssZhhN\w am{XamWv. amdn hcp PohnX kmlNcyv
A\pkcnv hN\s amcpXv. Fm {InkvXob PohnXn
v\mw Zn\w tXmdpw {int \nch[n hkvXpXIfpapv. Ah
HmsSppXv {InkvXp F Xetbmfw \mw kIenepw
hfcpI FXmWv. AXn {]m\bvpw hnipnpw
th]mSn\pw KW\obamb ]pv. PohnXn hyXykvXcmbn
Xocm B{Klnphv Cu {Kw \nbambpw Hcp
A\p{KlamIs Fv {]mnpp.
Ign 15 hjfmbn Fgpns temIv {]thinnv.
1999emWv BZyambn Fs Hcp IrXn shfnw ImWpXv. CSb
s i_vZw AXp {]knoIcnp. 2001 Fv.Fw.sF. {]kno
IcWamb dnsshh ssSwkn \nv BtKmfhcWn
eqsSXpSw. ]noSp ]{v hj hnhn[ am[ya
fneqsS 200e[nIw teJ\ {]knoIcnsp. Fs teJ\
CXnt\mSIw {]knoIcn dnsshh ssSwkv, {InkvXy
thUv, KpUv\yqkv, jmtemw sak, CSbs i_vZw, ss{Ikv
Xh ktiw, Csskv, ss{IkvXh Nn, kp`mjnXw, ko
\w, kzob[z\n, Ptbmhw \yqkv, P\hoYn, {InkvXy thmbv
kv, Uyq t{Sm]vk,v {]_p, ^njam, kuc`yw, aknln kkm,
XpSnb ]{XtfmSp kvt\lhpw \nbpw Adnbnpp.
2001 apX dnsshh ssSwkns teJI\mb F\np e`n
AwKoImcamWv 2009 Cu amknIbpsS amt\PnwKv FUn
BIm Ign k`w. 2006 {InkvXy thUv Bcw`n
\m apX teJI\mbncp F\nv 2007 AXns k_v
FUndmIm Ignp. XpSv 2010 FUn C Nmpw
2011 FUndpambn. CXneqsS ]{X{]h\n\v hnimeamb
Ahkcw Hcpnb ]m kmw n apJebvbpw {InkvXy th
Un\pw AssIXhamb \n. 2012 \hw_ apX jn_p Ipfq
pgbpsS P\hoYn ]{Xns Atkmkntbv FUndmWv. CXn
\nSbn 2006 ]m_nse ]mkv kmw tPmns PohNcn{X
{Kw {]knoIcnm BbXpw Fgpn\v ]pXnb am\w \In.
Fs Cu {]mbn e`nmhp ]camh[n Ahkcfpw
AwKoImcfpamWv ss{IkvXh temIp \npw e`np sImncn
pXv. Hncn ]{Xkplrpsfbpw e`np. hmb\mcpsS
\nccamb Bhiyambncpp teJ\ kamlcnv ]pkvXIw
cNnpI FXv. hyXykvXbntep {]bmWw AXn\v apJm
cambncpp. 200e[nIw teJ\ {]knoIcnnpsnepw
AXn \npw ISsSp NnIfmWv ]pkvXIn Dsm
nncnpXv.
Cu cN\bv,v t{]mml\w \Inbh \nch[nbmWv. Fs
kl{]hItcmSp \noaamb kvt\lw Adnbnpp. amXm
]nXm ]m hn.sP.tXmakv tPmfn tXmakv, ktlmZcn t{Kkv
kpPnXv `mhv kpPnXv tPmv, aI t\X, Fs `mcy
cRv P n\npw aI tPmlm\pap \nbpw kv t \lhpw
hfscbmWv. Cu ]pkvX In\v lrZyamb AhXmcnI FgpXn
\Inb imtcm s^tm jnv k`m {]knU v
dh.tUm.Sn.Pn.tImin, ]pkvXIm`n{]mbw Ipdn {InkvXy thUv
]nj ]m kmw n apJe, BiwkI \Inb
Fv.Fw.sF. UbdIvS ]m Fw. ]n.tPm pIpn, kn.C.Fw.
P\d {]knU v ]m hKokv tPmjzm FnhtcmSpw ssSv
sknwKv, te Huv B v {]nnwKv \mbn \nhln ]\wXn
s{]bvkv Hm^vskns DSa sPbn sI G{_lmw, kptajv, Ih
ap{ZWw sNbvX Fs ]{X kvt\lnX Bnv kPn \Sph{X
FnhtcmSp \nbpw Adnbnpp.
ktm]cn Cu DZyan\v Fs {]m]vX\mnb
ki\mb Imhn\v kIe am\hpw alXzhpw Anp
sImv ...
sP.]n.shnpfw
tht\men ]p]pcbv
taae, shnpfw 689544
t^m : 9496327109, 9895373069
e-mail : jpvennikulam@gmail.com
1
{]XnknIfn ]XdmsX {]mY\tbmsS
a\pjy Fmehpw {]XnknIfpsS apn ]cmPbsSm
dpv. kpJImev ]camh[n ktmjnp a\pjy {]Xnkn
Isf CjvSsSpn. As\sbmv NnnpIIqSn h. AYhm
{]iv\ Dmbm s]mSps\ XIp t]mIbpw sNpp.
]etmgpw Chsb t\cnSm\p at\mss[cyw tNmpt]mIpp.
kakyIsf hepXmbn ImWpnStmfw Imew AXv òIcambn
s tXmpw. Fm Ah GXpan Fp Nnnptm am{Xta
AXnPohnm\mIq. Hcp {InkvXp hnizmknsb kw_nnStmfw
{]XnknIsfb hepXmbn ImtWXv. ]IzXbp {InkvXym\n
I {]iv\sfmfpw henbh\mb Imhns\ hepXmbn ImWpI
bmWv sNpI. Atm kakyI sNdpXmbn tXmpw.
Hcp {InkvXym\nbmbXpsmv {]iv\sfmpw DmIbn
Fmcpw NnncpXv. Hcp ]t, {InkvXym\nmWv aphscmf
[nIw IjvSX. CXn\v ]cnlmcw ]ndp]ndp, aphcpsS ta tZmjam
tcm]npX; {]XypX, {]mY\bm GXp hnjbtbpw kss[
cyw t\cnSpI FXmWv. As\bmbm Ah s\mSn t\ctp
eLphmb IjvSw (2sImcn. 4:17) Fp tXmpw.
{]XnknIsf {]mY\bm ]cmPbsSpnb `mcpsS
A\p`hw \apspw A\pIcWobamWv. AhcpsS ]Izamb kao
]\w F{Xsb{X {]iv\sf AXnPohnphm klmbnp. ss__n
fn Ncn{X ]pcpj\mb Zm\otb Da DZmlcWamWv.
sNm Ipn\v knwlpgn inbmbv hn[nstm
ktmjtmsS kzoIcnm Zm\otb Xmdmbn. KhW
]Zhnbnencpv ]camh[n hnizkvXXtbmsS cmPyImcyfn Gs
npw kl{]hIcpsS ]cnlmkn\v ]m{Xo`qX\mbn. Hcp Ipw
t]mepw Ism\mImsX (6:4) kl{]hI hetmgpw
Adn, A\p`hn kXyn\pthn Zm\otb \nesImp. Agn
aXnbpsS Kw t]mepw CmXncp Zm\otb Zmcymthin\v Fpw
hnizkvX\mbncpp. {]mYnp Zm\otbens PohnXn ]ns
{]XnknI hXv FpsImmWv? {]mYnph cmjv{Sob
mc\mbmepw BoI\mbmepw {]h\w hnizkvXambncnWw.
Atm hntcm[nI Fgptpw; {]mYnph AhcpsS
Inse IcSmbncnpw. {]mYnphs\ HXpm am{Xambncnpw
AhcpsS Nn. ]t, ChnsS Zm\otb ]Xdnbn. hntcm[ambn
Iev]\ ]pdsnpw Ahsb t\cnSphm\p am\knI ]IzX ssZh
kn[nbn \npw Xm t\SnsbSpp.
Zm\otbens {]mY\bn (6:10) \npw \mw ]Tnt Nne
A{]tab kXy NphsS:
1. hnizmkne[njvTnXamb [ocX
kmlNcysfmw {]XnIqeambn. amfnIbn \npw ]pdnd
m\mIpn. \mephihpw Hcpt]mse ASbvsp. cmPmhns\
hWnbnsn in knwlpgn. {]Xobvv hIbn Fp
tXmpamdv hgnI ASbvsp. ASp kvt\lnX\mb cmPmhpw
ssIhntSnhp. kmlNcy C{Xb[nIw hntcm[amsWdn
npw Xe t]mIpsn t]mIs F Nnbn cmPmhns\ hW
msX {]mYnm ImWn Akmam\y ss[cyamWv Zm\otbens\
hyXykvX\mpXv. CsXmw Xm hnizkn ssZhm km[n
XmWv. IgnImefn {]mY\bm {]iv\sf t\cn Zm\o
tb ChW asmcp t]mwhgn Isnbn. {]mY\bvv ]Icw
{]mY\ Xs {]tbmKnphm Xocpam\npIbmbncpp. Cu ss[cy
amWv {]XnknIsf t\cnSphm Zm\otbens\ klmbn Hmas
hkvXpX. {]Xobvv hIbnsv IcpXphv apn hIbp
sv Zm\otb sXfnbnp. Xm C{]Imcw Ddp; ssk\yfpsS
btlmh \tmSp IqsSbpv ; bmtm_ns ssZhw \psS
ZpamIpp (ko. 46:7,11).
2. hnizmkne[njvTnXamb ImgvNmSv
{]mY\sbpdnp Zm\otbens ImgvNmSv asmmWv.
{]XnknI apdpInbtm amfnIbpsS InfnhmXn
sbcpiteans t\sc Xpdp. ]ctZinbmbn ]mp Zm\otben\v
kztZiamb sbcpiteans {]tXyIX \mbn Adnbmw.
sbcpiteanse ssZhkmn[yw _m_ntemWntem, taZy]mkybntem
e`nn. tZhmebw sbcpiteanemWv . ssZhP\w IqSnhv
Bcm[npXpw ChnsSbmWv. A\y\mn kzmX{yw CmsX
IgnbpIbmWv Zm\otb. AXpsImv Xs klmbw hcp
]Xfntev IpI (ko. 121:1) Dbphm Zm\otb
Xmdmbn. sbcpitean \npw Xobmbpw {]Xobv v
hIbpsv X\ndnbmambncpp. AhnsS \npw c hcpsav
Zm\otb ASnbpdp hnizknncpp. AXpsImmWv
ssZhmebn\v A`napJambn {]mYnphm Zm\otb XmdmbXv.
3. hnizmkne[njvTnXamb Xmgva
a\pjycmcpw klmbn\n. kl{]hI Xndp.
{]Xobpmbncp cmPmhpw HSphn ssIhnp. C\n ssZhw
am{XamWv GIm{ibw. ssZhIcfn hogpIbmsX ap
t]mwhgnbn.
{]iv\p apn appaSmsX {]iv\]cnlmcI\n
appaSm Zm\otb Xmdmbn. apntep {]mY\bmWv Xs
Fmesbpw hnPbclkyw. taZy]mky cmjv { Sns
KhWdmbncpnpw m\am\fn A`nam\w sImmsX kzw
m\ shSnv henb ssZhn\pw apn hoWpInSphm
Zm\otb Xmdmbncpp. ChnsSbmWv XmgvabpsS {]kn \mw
a\knemtXv . Cu Xmgv a Hcnepw Xs Ans\m
tbmKyXbvsm Xtaevnn. XmgvabmWv kIe {]iv\pw
]cnlmcsav Ddp hnizkn hynbmbncpp Zm\otb.
4. hnizmkne[njvTnXamb coXn
Zm\otbens {]mY\m coXn Ghpw {]tNmZIamWv. ImcWw,
Znhkw aqp {]mhiyw {]mYnp hynbmbncpp Zm\otb.
PohnXn {]iv\w ISphtm t]Snv Bcw`n {]mY\m
PohnXa; {]XypX, ktmjnepw km]nepw aqpt\cw
{]mYnm X\np Ignp. C{X HutZymKnI Xncp Zm\otb
FtmgmWv {]mYnsXv NnnpI {]bmksanepw ChnsSbmWv
]IzXbp Bobs kz`mhw hyamIpXv. aqp t\cw FXv
{IaoIrXamb kabambncpXn\m amw Dmbncpn. sbcpite
ans iq\ymh 70 BgvNhw sImv Ahkm\npsa {]hmNI
hmIyw Xm Zn\hpw Hmp {]mnp. (Zm\n. 9:2).
5. hnizmkne[njvTnXamb Bcm[\
cwKw hjfmbnpw {]mY\bvmbn appaSnb Zm\otb
{]mYnp kvtXm{Xw sNbvXp. {]XnknIfn ]XdmsX ssZhs
Bcm[nphm Zm\otb Xmdmbn. PohnXn kw`hnsXmw
ssZhlnXsatmv ssZhn\v \nbnv ]mSn Bcm[np _e
sp. _elo\ hnizmknspw CsXmcp amXrIbmWv. Atm. 16:24
apX hmbnptm ImcmKrln\pn ]mSn Bcm[nv {]Xnk
nIsf AXnPohn ]utemkns\bpw ioemkns\bpw ImWpp.
ChnsSbmWv {]mY\bpsSbpw Bcm[\bpsSbpw hnPbclkyw. {]m
Y\bpsSbpw Bcm[\bpsSbpw i_vZw Dbcptm hntcm[inI
v ASnbncnm\mIn. ssZhw Ahv hntcm[ambn
Fgptp kabamWXv (ko. 68:1).
6. hnizmkne[njvTnXamb ncX
{]mYnp Imcyn ncXbph\mbncpp Zm\otb.
Xm apv sNbvXp hncpXpt]mse Zm\otb {]mYnp. AXn\
w {]iv\Imev am{Xw {]mYnp hynbmbncpn Zm\otb
FXmWv. {]XypX, kpJImepw Xm {]mY\m hoc\mbncpp.
kpJImev aqpt\cw {]mYnncp Zm\otb {]XnknL
n cmbntm Hmbntm Ipdn. aqv aqmbn \ne\np
Xn ncXbph\mbncpp. ]XnhpIv Hcnepw apSw
hnsv Npcpw.
7. hnizmkne[njvTnXamb eyw
ko. 46:1 IImev Ghpw ASp XpWbmWv Im
shv ImWpp. AXpsImv Xs Zm\otb ssZhns kn[n
bn {]mYnp FXmWv ImWpXv. cmPyphscmw cmPmhns\
hWpp, Fm Rm Fn\mWv HgnncnpXv? Aev]t\cw
cmPmhns\ Bcm[ntmw Fv Zm\otb Nnnn. cmPmhns\
ssZhns {]Xn]pcpj\mbn Incp Imew. Fnpw Zm\o
tbens Dd Xocpam\s Cfphm Hcp inpw Ignn.
Fmhcpw cmPmhns\ hWptm Hbm\mbn ssZhs hWp
hm Xmdmb hynbmWv Zm\otb. klmbn phm Ignbm
cmPmhns apn appaSpXnepw t`Zw {]Xo bvp hIbp
ssZhkn[nbn hogpXmsWp Dd hnizmkns
DSabmbncpp Zm\otb. cmPmhns\ hWph hWs, Hcp
hntcm[hpan ]s, Xs {]XnjvTbpw Xocpam\hpw
ANeamsWv Zm\otb shfnsSpn.
{]nb A\phmNIsc, {]XnknIsf Iv \mw Xfp t]mIp
hscm? ImeLns Zm\otbemIphm F{Xt] XmdmIpw?
Zm\ntbens hnPbclkyw {]mtbmKnIamphm \mw Xmdp
hscm? km[mcW hnizmknbmImt\m ]IzXbp hnizmknbmIms\m
\mw Xocpam\saSppXv? Dcw kzbw IspI. ]IzXbp
hcmIphm B{Klnph Zm\otb sImSp hnesImSpphm
XmdmIs. Cns afn \npw A\yambnsmncnp
{]mY\m PohnXntev aSnhcmw. GXp kmlNcynepw
FSpp Xocpam\amWv \psS `mhn \nbnpsXv
admXncnpI.
2
Fgptv ]WnbpI
Z i\w \IpXv ssZhamWv . ssZhoI Zi\tmSv
km[ImIambn {]XnIcnpI \psS ISabmWv. ]utemkv Asm
kvXes\tmse kzob Zi\n\p A\pkcWtSv ImWnm
hcmbncnWw \mw. AXn\p {]mKyw ssZh kn[nbn \nv
GsSpWw. Zi\w kam]vXnbn Fnphm ssZhw hnizkvX
\mWv; \mw hnizkvXcmbncWsav am{Xw.
s\laymhv 2:1720 hsc hmIyfn Zi\n\p thn
hnesImSp s\laymhns\ ImWpp. ssZhkn[nbn \npw
t\SnsbSp Zi\n\pthn Fp hnesImSpm\pw Xmdp
h\mbncpp s\laymhv. Xs PohnXhpw ZuXyhpw \apspw
A\pIcWobamWv.
s\laymhv {]hmNIs ]pkvXIw ]qambn ]Tnptm
F{km imkv{Xnbpw s\laymhpw tNv bn{kmtben hensbmcp
ZuXyw \nhlnpXmbn ImWmw. 17 hsc Aymbfn
sbcpitew aXn \nmWn Gsv bn{kmtbens cmjv{So
bhpw `qanimkv{X]chpamb HuXyn\pthn s\laymhv {]bXv\n
ptm, 813hsc Aymbfn sbcpitew \nhmkn IfpsS
[mnIhpw B[ymnIhpamb hnjbfn _{i\m bncp
F{km imkv { XnsbbmWv ImWpXv . cmjv { SobB[ymnI
kncmtI{amb sbcpitew Ctm kpcnXXzw \jv S s
AhbnemWv. _n.kn. 586 s\_qJvZt\k sbcpitew B{Ianv
IogvsSpn aXnepI Xoshv NppIfXv AcmYn
sbcpitew \nhmknIsf `bhnlzecmn.
Xv Fmehpw kpcnXXzhpw _mlyi{Xpfn \np
kwcWhpw \In h haXn Ctm FcnSn
gnp. P\w s\SphotmsS Zn\cm{X Ignp Iqn. GXmv 122
hj Cu nXn XpSXmbn Ncn{Xw kmoIcnpp. _n.kn.
464 AlvijvS cmPmhv t]jy `cWm[n]\mbn knwlmk\
\mbtmgmWv sbcpitew ]pcmX\ {]Xm]ntev aSnsb
nbXv. Cu almZuXyn\mbn ssZhw FgptevnXv s\laymhn
s\bmWv.
{]hmkn \npw aSnhtm NnnnXdnb ]Whpw
\njv{Inbcmb P\tbpamWv s\laymhv IXv. {]hmkn
t]mIpXn\papv bn{kmtben\v kzw F`nam\nm `mj,
cmPmhv, ssk\yw, {]Xm]w, kpc Fnhbpmbncpp. t\XrXzw
\jvSs sblqZmv bn{kmtbens ]p\cpmcW {]{Iobbn
klmbnm IgnbmsX t]mbn. s\laymhns BKa\w bn{kmtb
ens\ kw_nnStmfw XnIpw Bizmkambncpp. sbcpitew
\Kcns ]p\xm]\hpw P\fpw sFIyn\pw ]pXnsbmcp
`cWIqSw \nehn hcpXn\pw s\laymhv sNbvX {]h\
mL\obamWv. sblqZmcpsS hnip \Kcamb sbcqiteans\
pdnv s\laymhv B`mcaph\mbncpp. sblqZmcpsS
Xem\\KcnbpsS {]Xm]hpw {]uVnbpw \jvSsXv XnIpw
A]e]\obambncpp. A{_lmans Imew apX imtew cmPmhmb
aoktZv XpSn itemtam hscbp Imefn
Bebn Ftmgpw ssZhkmnyw \ndp\nncpp.
_m_ntemWn {]hmkn Ignbptmgpw amXrcmPysp
dnp Xs kvt\lw \nkvXpeyamWv. ]ckytImeams
sbcpiteans\ ]gb {]Xm]ntev aSnsmphcnI s\laym
hns\ kw_nnStmfw AXymhiyambncpp. Ign 122
hjambn sbcqiteans nXnv amw kw`hnnn Ftmv
s\SphonSp s\laymhns\bmWv ChnsS ImWpXv.
AlvijvS almcmPmhns ]m\]m{X hmlI\mb s\laymhv
Xs kz \mSnsbpw kainjv S fpsSbpw ZmcpWamb
nXnsbpdnv tIv Icp, ZpxJnp, D]hknp, {]mYnp(1:4).
cmPkZn kpkvtachZ\\mbn Insn XqntesSp
in \nehn Ccns B`mcap s\laymhv ZpxJntm
cmP\oXn ]menm Hcp\nanjw adpt]mbn. at\mZpxJn\v êw
ImWpw hsc Xm Akz\mbncpp. Xs \njvIf a\n\p
AKm[ambn apdnthncpp. sbcqiteans ]p\cpmcWw F
alm\ntbmKhpambn cmPmhns A\phmZhpw ssIn s\laymhv
sbcqiteantev t]mhpIbmWv. hfsc {]mYn tijamWv Zi\
]qoIcWm\mbn ]pdsSpXv . {]mY\bpw Zi\hpw
{]h\hpw Hnp ktfntm {]h\w {ZpXKXnbn
\Sp. {]h\w Bcw`ntm Xs FXnv {]ISambnpSn.
iacybnse cmjv{Sob inIfmb k_v, tXm_nbmhv, tKtiw
XpSnbh {]h\s \ncpmlsSppw hn[w NXn,
KqUmtemN\, ]cnlmkw, Iew, Itkv XpSnbhbneqsS
{]hnp. hmSI KpIsf Cdn sImnpsav òjWn
apgnbtm s\laymhv ]dbpp; Fstmse Hcph Zi\w
hnv HmSntmIn, ]nmdn (6:11). F\nv ]qoIcnm ZuXyw
_mnbpv. BwKteb Ihn tdm_v t{^mv ]dXpt]mse ...and
miles to go before I sleep ......and miles to go before I sleep ...
ssZhoI Zi\n \npw ]nncnnm ]e inI
Fgptp Fnepw AIp\npw ]pdp \npap inI
sXnsc s\laymhv hnPbw Ip. Xm ]dbpp; kznse
ssZhw RfpsS Imcyw km[nnpw (2:20). HSphn FXncmfnI
Aev]amcmbn tXmpamdv (6:16) ssZhw Xs {]hn shfnsSpn.
ssZhw A\pIqesan {]XnIqew B? (tdma 8:31). 52 Znhkw
sImv sbcqitew aXnens ]Wn ]qoIcnp. Hcp Ipdp
Ibdnbm hoWp t]mIp aXnemsWv ]dv i{Xp ]Wnsb
\ncpmlsSpnbtm Zi\aph ]dbpp; Fgptv
]WnbpI. HSphn i{Xp ssZh{]hn Xncndnp
enXcmbnop. s\laymhns\ ]Ih Iv entXnep
ssZhw \bvmbn ASbmfs shfnsSpn am\np. i{XpfpsS
at[y tai Hcpp (ko. 23:5) ssZhw s\laymhns apJs
BZcnp.
Xncphmbvv FXn hmbv CmXpt]mse s\laymhns Zi\
tmSv tbmPnphm kl{]hI Xocpam\ntm ]cnipm
B{ibn Imcyw Wn \Sp. s\laymhns Dmlhpw
kl{]hIp \evInb t{]mml\hpw Hntm Iqmb
{]bXv\w kêambn.
{]ob A\phmNIsc, ssZhw \evInb Zi\ns ]qoIcW
n\mbn {]mY\tbmsS {]hnpI. On{ZinIsf Xncndnv
kaNnXtbmsS {]h\n aptdpI. ssZhw A\pIqeambn
Dsn GXv ssh[cWnIsfbpw AXnPohnm\mIpw. \psS
Zi\tfmSv tbmPnm Xmev]cyap DmlnI tfmSp Zi\w
]phbvpI. {]mY\bpw {]mml\hpw ITn\{]bXv\hpw Zi\
]qoIcWn\p AXymt]nXamb LSIfmsWv
admXncnpI.
3
hnizkvXX apJap{ZbmpI
Cs cmjv{SobkmaqlnIkmwkvImcnI taJeIfn
AcmPIXzw km[mcWambncnpp. `cW AncX, AgnaXn, ho
belf Chsbmss A\pZn\w s]cpIpp. BtKmfhXv
IcWhpw (Globalisation), DZmchXvIcWhpw (LiberaIisation),
kzImcyhXv I cWhpsamw (Privatisation) a\pjy lrZbfn
hnhIcamb am krjvSnpIbpw PohnX coXnsbs amn
adnbpw sNpp. hnizkvXX am\h a\xkmnbn Atijw
CmXmIpp. Cu kmlNcynemWv Fmhcmepw {itb\mb,
AgnaXnbpw AhnizkvXXbpw Xonbnnm Hcp IdXo
cmjv{Sobmcs\ \mw HmnpXv. Cs ]men Hcp
kz]v\w am{XamsWp tXmnbmepw ss__nfn \mw ImWp
Zm\otb Da DZmlcWamWv. AsX, Id]pcfm AgnaXnclnX
hnizkvX\pw {]m\mhoc\pamb cmjv{Sobmc.
H cm{XnsImv `cWaew adnn sRnnp hmbmbn
cpp. Bcpw {]Xonn. Hcp km{amPyns s]sp
AkvXa\hpw asmcp km{amPyns DZbhpw. t_i cmPmhv
kIe {]Xm]tmSpw IqSn _m_ntem km{amPys hmWcpfp
Imew. ]nXmhmb s\_qJZvt\kdn \npw Hpw hyXykvX\m
bncpp Xm\pw. cmjv{Sns {]Xm]hpw P\]npWbpw cmjv{S
eh F \nebn Dmbnsenp. Hcp Znhkw sImmcnse
Z_m lmfn Hcp henb hncpsmcpn. Ab cmjv{Sehm
scbpw ap {][m\nIsfbpw hnfnpIqnb t_i Xs {]Xm]
s DbnmWnm Xocpam\np.
Wv e`n Fm {]apJ t\Xmfpw cmPIob hncpn\v
lmPcmbn. Bbncw t]cSp kZyhamWv {IaoIcnXv. Xm
shdpsamcp IpSnb\msWv t_i Fmhpw apmsI
shfnsSpn. atZm\mb cmPmhv Xs ]nXmhv sbcpitew
tZhmebn \npw FSppsImph ]cn]mh\amb ]m{X
sfmw Aipamn, BXnYnIsf kcnp. cmPmhv kpt_m[w
\jvSsh\mbn ImWsp.
s]smWv AXv kw`hnXv. Dmkmchmc \ndp\n
kZv s]sv imambn. Bpw Hpw a\nembn. hn{Klmcm[\
sImSpncn sImncp kabw cmPmhns {ibmIjn
\nebn sImmcphcn Hcp a\pjys ssIn am{Xw {]Xy
sp. AsXtm FgpXnsmncpp. `mj cmPmhn\v Xncnn.
X\ntm cmjv{Sns\m Ftm kw`hnm t]mIpp Fsmcp
òXn cmPmhns Dn IbdnmWpw. Atlw `bNInX\mbn,
apJ`mhw amdn. cmPmhnse hyXnbm\ AXnYnIsf BIjnp.
Bpknp sImncp kZnse timIaqIX h\mXoXambn
cpp. CXnIhyXmaqV\mbn \nevp cmPmhv DS Xs cmjv{S
nse Ip{]kn a{hmZn Isfbpw ap eWhnZymscbpw
hcpn kwKXn [cnnp. Fmhcpw ]cmPbsv ]nhmnbXmsX
Imcyw t_m[nnm\mbn. ZpxJnX\mb cmPmhns apntev {]Xy
s cmn BizmkhmpI samgnv {]iv\]cnlmcn\mbn
Zm\otb F blqZ {]hmknsb ]cnNbsSpn. Ahs\ hnfnm
ImcyKuchw a\nemm Ignbpsav a\nemb cmPmhv DSXs
Zm\otbens\ hcpn. hnip tZhmcpsS Bmhpff ]pcpjs\v
cmn kmyw ]d (Zm\n. 5:11) Zm\otb cmPIev]\{]Imcw
cwK{]thiw sNbvXp. cmPmhns hI km\ \ncknpsImv
Nphcn I Fgppw AXns Ahpw t_m[nnp. cmPmhns
ssZh\ntj[w AXnITn\ambncpp. kXyssZh\ntj[w s]mdpm
\mhm ]m]sav ZriyNn{Xw t]mse shfnsSpn. ]nXmhns
ssZhhgnhnp PohnXhpw shfnsSpphm adn. AXpsImv
cmPmhn\v cmPkvYm\w \jvSsSm t]mIpspw. _m_ntem
km{amPyw cmbn hn`PnsSpsapw AXv taZypw ]mknI
pw e`npsapw Zm\otb shfnsSpn.
cmPIev]\{]Imcw Zm\otbens\ cmjv{Snse aqma\mbn
hmgnp, A[nImc Nnfpw hkv{Xfpw [cnnp. Ap cm{Xnbn
Xs t_i cmPmhv sImsSpIbpw taZy\mb Zmcymthiv 62
hbph\mbn knwlmk\\mhpIbpw sNbvXp (Zm\n. 5:31).
km{amPyXz hn`P\hpw ]pXnb cmPmhns hchpw P\w icnpw
BtLmjnp. Zmcymthins `cWhpw {]Xm]Imeambncpp. \jvS
nembncp ]e m]\fpw em`tbmKyamn. saamb km
oI hf ssIhcnp. cmjv{SobkmaqlnI taJeIfn ncX
bpw ssIhcnp. HSphn Hbvv `cnm Ignbm nXnbmbn.
AXpsImv Xs a{nk` hnIknnp 120 `cWm[nImcnIsf
\nbanp. Ahp tae[nImcnIfmbn aqpt]sc thsdbpw. CXn
Zm\otbepw DsSpp. cmjv{Sob`cW]camb Imcyfn cmPmhn\v
bmsXmcp _pnappw DmImXncnm `cWm[nImcnI {]tXyIw
{inp. 120 tZim[n]Xnamsc aqp KhWam \nb{npIbpw
kabmkabfn dntmv BhiysSpIbpw `cWw kpKaam
pIbpw sNbvXp. Fm Fm `cWImfnepw hv Zm\otb
Xs `cWss\]pWyw sXfnbnp. Xm Fmhscmfpw hyXykvX
\msWv aphv Akqb DfhmI coXnbn shfnsSpn.
AXpsImv Xs Zm\otbens hnizkvXamb {]h\coXnbn
Xr]vX\mb cmPmhv m\bw \Im Xocpam\np. cmPmhv
Ignm cmjv{Snse cma! aphv IpISnbmbn.
Hnp {]hnph Zm\otb Hcp kp{]`mXn cmjv{Sns
]cam[nImcnbmIpXv kz]v\n ImWm t]mepw Ahv
Ignbpambncpn. A{Xam{Xw Zm\otbens JymXn \msSpw
]cncpp. Cu Xn\v _mn `cWX{m X{
sa\v Hcp ASnbnc kIntbmKw hnfnpIqn. CcpsNhn
AdnbmXncnm {]tXyIw {inp. Zm\otbens\Xnsc Ahnizmk
{]tabw sImphcm\pw cmPyt{Zmlpw Npam\pw clky
tbmKn [mcWbmbn. AXn\mbn Nmcmsc \ntbmKnpIbpw
sNbvXp. ]XnI ]mfnbXmsX Zm\otbens\Xnsc Hcp sNdphnc
Nennm Bpw Ignn. IrXy\nlWn Zm\otb
Ghtcmfpw _lpZqcw apnembncpp. HSphn Nmcm
]cmPbsp ]nhmn. clkyambn ^bepIsfms ]cntim[nv
`cW\ncoWw \Snbtm AXpw hnê{iaambncpp.
clkykIn tbmKw hopw IqSnbtm Nmcm tXmevhn
kXnp. HSphn Bsm tXmnb sFUnb BImw Zm\otb
ens\ Xm hnizknp ssZhoI hnjbw kw_ambn Ipmtcm
]W hnt[b\mpI FXv. X{]cambn Icp \on. `cWm[n
ImcnI Zm\otbens\ IqSmsX cmPmhns\ apJw ImWnp kwKXn
t_m[nnp. Zm\otbens hnizkvXX \hw Adnbmhp cmPmhn
s\smv Ah \n_nv Hphnp. ASp apXvZnhkw Fm
hcpw cmPmhns\ am{Xta Bcm[nmhq FXmbncpp Xocpam\w.
hogv N hcpphv in knwlpgnbpw. Amefn
taZy]mkycpsS \nbaw {]knsSpnbm JWvUnX \nbaam
bncpp. \ntcm[\m {]knambn. P\PohnXw Xmdpamdmbn. hP
\mhen sImmcn AWn\ncp. cmPmhns\ apJw ImWnm\pw
hWm\pw ]Ientbmfw \nc \op. CsXmpw ImcyammsX
Zm\otb Ah[nsbSpv hon Xs Ccnmbn. `bsv Ccnp
Ib, cmPmhns\ \akv I cnnsn IY IgnXpXs
Fsmpw Zm\otb Nnnn. kmlNcysfmw {]XnIqeamb
tm X\nsXnsc Icp\onbhsc i]nmsX ]Xnhpt]mse
{]mY\mapdnbntev t]mbn. Znhkw aqp {]mhiyw {]mYnp
Zm\otb \ntcm[\m ewLnv, {]Jym]nX Zn\fnepw {]mY
\bvv hogvNhcpnbn.
ChnsSbmWv ssZh`bap cmjv { Sobmcs hnizkv X X
shfnsSpXv. Xm Hssv a\nembtmgpw Znhkhpw ssZh
apmsI hnjb kanp. X\nv GIm{ibw ssZhambncpp.
ap `cWm[nImcnI DssS kP\hpw cmPmhns\ hWnbnpw
Zm\otb am{Xw {]Xysn. Cu Xn\v `cWm[nImcnI
Zm\otbens hkXnbnsen. {]XonXpt]mse Xs apnt
{]mYnp Zm\otbens\bmWv IXv. Ah aSnsv cmPmhn
t\mSv \ntcm[\m HpIqSn HmsSpn. Zm\otben\p XXmb
in \evIWsav iTnp. Fm Zm\otbens hnizkvXX hy
ambn Adnbmhp cmPmhv Fp sNWsadnbmsX Ipgn. Zm\o
tbens\ cnm cmPmhv XmemhpXv {ianp. ]s, Fp
sNmw, JWvUnX\nbaw Hcp hiv cs]Spm\p Bi adph
iv. sNIpm\pw ISen\panSbnemb cmPmhv sRfn]ncnsImp.
HSphn KXycanmsX `cWm[nImcnIfpsS B{Klw km[nnp
sImSpm cmPmhv Xmdmbn. cmPIev]\bpsS kmmXvImcsa
hw Zm\otb knwlfpsS Kplbn hoWp. AtXmsS Zm\otb
ens IY Ignsv Ghcpw IcpXn. ]s hnizkvX\mb Zm\otb
ens\ ssZhw Apcm{Xn kwcnp. hniv IpSep Icnv InSp
knwlv Ccsb Innbnpw `nm\mhmsX hmbv ASbvsp.
Kplbvv Iphv ap{Zshhsc ApXsSpn Zm\otb ASp
Znhkw Poht\msS ]pdphp. Xtecm{Xnbn Zm\otb kpJambn
Ddnsbnepw cmPmhn\v Ddw hn. Zm\otb cs]Spsav
cmPmhn\v Ddpmbncpp.
\nc]cm[nbmb Zm\otbens\ {Iqinm {ian kIescbpw
innm cmPmhv Xocpam\np. Kplbvv shfnbn h Zm\otb
BtcmKyhm\mbncnpp Fdn cmPmhv Ipw Npanbhsc
knwlpgnbntesdnp. Xte Znhks tISv knwl
Xop. HSphn Zm\otbens ssZhw Pohnp ssZhsav cmPysam
msI cmPmhns\smv ssZhw {]knamn.
AXmWv ssZhns hnizkvXX. ssZhapmsI hnizkvXcmbncn
phsc ssZhw ssIhnSn. HsSpepI kzm`mhnIw. a\pjy
Ahkcns\mv Imepamdnbmepw ssZhw Imepamdh\;
{]XypX, Ah \tmSv ASpncnph\pw \s ASpnph\p
amWv. AXpsImv hnizkvXX apJap{ZbmpI. \n \nn]vXam
bncnp sNdnb Imcynepw henb Imcynepw ]q hnizkvXsc
n \h\pw hnizkvX\pamb Zmks\ F t]cn\v DSaIfmbn
ocpw. A{]Imcw PohnXs hnPbntev \bnq. hnizkvXX
bpsS ]cymbambn PohnXs amnsbSpq.
4
hyXykvXcmIm B{Klnppthm?
thZ]pkvXIn \apv Gsd kp]cnNnX\mb hynbmWv
blqZmtKm{Xnse btkv. sX bn{kmtben P\n btkv
blqZm tKm{Xn {]kn\mbn Xo Ncn{Xw hN\w kmnp
p. thZ\nphcpsS \nehnfn Imhv tIv AhcpsS nXnampw
FXns kmnbmWv btkv. 1Zn\. 4mw Aymbw Bcw`npXv
blqZbpsS ]p{XmcpsS hwimhentbmSpIqsSbmWv. hmbnm
{]tXyInv Bob ssNX\yw tXmm CSbnm Ipsd t]cpI
]cmainpp A{Xam{Xw. Fm 9mw hmIynseptm
nXn amdpp. btkns\pdnv Ncn{Xw cNntm ]cnipm
t{]cnX\mbn {KImhv Ahs kz`mh sshinjvSysfpdnv
hmtXmcmsX hnp. btkv aphcn \npw Fs\ hyXykv
X\mbncpp Fv 9,10 hmIy hyamppv. btkns
P\\hn[sfpdnv 9mw hmIynepw {]mY\sbpdnv 10mw
hmIynepw {]Xn]mZnpp.
\npw hyXykvXcmImw?
9mw hmIyw Bcw`npXv, btkv Xs ktlmZcmscm
Ghpw am\y\mbncpp F {]kvXmh\tbmsSbmWv. am\yX
B{Klnm BcpapmIn. a\pjy aphcm am\nsSp
hm B{Klnpp. Hcp ]s, am\yX e`nphm GXp IpX{hpw
{]tbmKnpw. BwKteb sNmv Cs\bpv; Give respect and take
respect. am\yX ]nSnp hmne; {]XypX, sImSpp hmt
XmWv. asmcmsf _lpam\nWsan AXn\\pkcnpff tbmKyX
DmbncnWw. t{ijvT\mbn amsSpI FXv \nmc Imcya.
AXn\v hnesImSpm XmdmIWw.
ChnsS btkns am\yX Fmhcn \npw hyXkvXambncpp.
btkv ktlmZcmscm am\y\mbncpp Fv ]dbptm
ktlmZcm am\y Ambncpp Fan. Ahcpw am\ycmbn
cpp. kmaqlnIkmwkvImcnIcmjv{Sob cwKv Hcp ]s, hnhn[
\neIfn Ahcpw _lpam\nsSp hynI Bbncpncnmw.
]s, Ahscm am\nsSm ImcWw Ahnm Nne
{]tXyIXI btkn Dmbncpp FXmWv. btkn\v
cmjv{SobkmaqlnIkmwkvImcnI kzm[oapmbncptm Fp
hyasnepw Ahs Ah \s ]TnnpXv A]IjXm
t_m[tmsS GImX A\p`hn hynbmbnmWv. Ahs P\\
hpambn _s kmlNcy hp t\mptm am\nsSm
\p km[yX Xqtemw NpcpamWv. ]s, hN\w \s ]Tnnp
Xv btkv hyXykvX\mbncpp FmWv. {]obsc, hyXykvXcm
Im Xmev]cyaptm? \appw hyXykvXcmbnocm km[npw.
hyXykvXXbvpthn hyXykvXcmhpIb adnv hyXykvXcmbn
amdpIbmWv thXv. AXn\v Hcp ]s kmlNcyw A\pIqeamIW
san, {]XnIqe kmlNcys A\pIqeamm ssZhn\p
Ignbpw. hnizknpI \nfpw hyXykvXcmbn amdpw.
9mw hmIyns cmw `mKn btkns P\spdnv
]dbpp Ahs A Ahs\ hyk\tmsS {]khnp Fp
]dv Ah\p btkv Fv t] hnfnp. hmv {Xq Zn ss__n
F kwLS\bpsS m]I tUm.{_qkv Fv. hnnk
btkns {]mY\ F Xs ]pkvXIn btkns
P\hpambn _s NneImcy shfnsSppp. Atlw
]dbpp; btkns P\\w Akm[mcWamb Hcp P\\w Bbncpp.
Kìnip ]pdtv hcp kabv amXmhv A\p`hn
thZ\bmbncnmw Hcp ]s Cu hyk\w. Nnetm km[mcW
IpnI P\npXn \npw hyXykvXambn m\Ne\w kw`hnv
]pdv hpImWpw. Hcp ]s P\\thfbn Xs ]nXmhv acW
spImWpw, Asn Dt]npImWpw. Nnetm IpSpw_nt\
ZmcnZyw Xmm\mhmsX Cmcysf Fspw Hmnm
thnbmIpw Ah\p btkv Fv t]cnXv. btkv Fm
hyk\ ]p{X AYhm ZpxJ]p{X Fw.
GXp amXmhmWv ZpxJkqNIamb t]cpI av \IpXv?
Amev Ahmb t]cpI av \Ipambncpp.
CXv Huv Hm^v ^mj\mbn amdnbncnpp. Dcm[p\nI
bpKn (post-modern era) Hn\pw Aantm? GXmbmepw CXv
btkns am{Xw nXbmbncpn. bmtm_v (D]mbn), \thman
(ssIv), atm, Inteym (_elo\, tcmKn) Cs\ t]mIpp
t]cpI....
C\n 9mw hmIyn ImWp sshcpyw {inpI. Hmw
`mKv btkv am\y\mbncpp Fv ImWmw. cmw `mKv hyk\
]p{X\mbn ImWpp. Hcp hyk\]p{X\v Fs\ am\y\mbnocm
km[npw? AXmWv ssZh{]hn. btkv hyk\]p{X\mbncpXp
sImv ISpsNp taJebnsems GImX A\p`hntn
hp. IqpIm, _p, IpSpw_mwK Fmhcpw Ahs\
HsSpn. GImXbpsS ]bmb bmYmyfpsS ssIv
Ah henp IpSnp. Fp sNmw? HsSens bmYmyw
Xncndn btkns temIw hoSns \mep Nphcn\pn HXpn.
Xs nXnsmcp hyXymkw ImWphm B{Klnp. Hcp ip``mhn
Xm {]Xonp. Cpw kaqln GImX A\p`hnp Hcp
]nSn PohnXfpv. Hcp ]s, AhcpsS amcI tcmKfmbncnmw
kaqlw Ahsc HsSppXv. Hcp s]stmkvXp hnizmknbm
bXn\m Xm HsS A\p`hnppmImw. ]s, \o FhnsS
bmbncpmepw hnem]sf \ramnom (ko.30: 11)
ssZhn\v Ignbpw. Ah \nn hyk\n\p amaptm
Fp t\mn imizXamn \Sph\mWv. hnizknpI,
\nfpsS hyk\w ktmjambn amdpw. Hp adcpXv, \nfpsS
GImXbn kwkmcnm CjvSsSph\mWv tbip.
10mw hmIyw btkns {]mY\bmWv. Hcp sNdnb {]mY\
hfsc êw sNp\n\p. \psS {]mY\I Npcpambncns.
ZoL{]mY\I ]coi{]mY\IfmImw. Ah D]mbtmsS
ZoLambn {]mYnpp. AXn`mjWm Dcw Inpsav Ah
{]Xonpp(am.23:13). \n PmXnIsftmse Pev]\w
sNcpsXpw(am.6:7) hN\w ]dbpp. k`m{]kwKn 5:2
hmpI Npcpambncns FXns Kuchw a\nemmw.
thZ]pkvXInse Nne sNdnb {]mY\I ChnsS tNpp.
1. Iten Genbmhns {]mY\ (1cmP.18:36,37), 2. btkns
{]mY\ (1Zn\.4:9,10), lnkvInbmhns {]mY\ (sbi.38:2,3), 4.
Npmcs (eqtmkv 18:13), 5. tbip {Iqin (eqtm. 23:34), 6.
{Iqinse Is {]mY\ (eqtm. 23:42), 7. kvsX^mt\mkns
{]mY\ (Atm.7:60).
1Zn\. 4:10 btkns sNdnb {]mY\ \mw ImWpp.
{]mY\bnse hmpI Ahpw BibKmwòcyapXpamWv.
PohnXn hyXykvXX B{Klnph btkns PohnXw
Hcp ]mTamWv. btkn\v Fpw ssIapXembn Dmbncp Da
kmbncpp {]mY\. {]mYnp hynsb {]mY\
hyXykvXampw.
btkns {]mY\bn {][m\ambpw \mev Imcy
Dmbncpp.
btkns Hmw {]mY\: \o Fs \nbambpw
A\p{KlnWw.
A\p{Klw B{KlnmhcpmIn. Fmhpw A\p{Klw
thWw. Hpasn God Bless You Fsnepw ]dbWw. Csmcp
kaqlw A\p{Klns ]nmsebmWv. ùXoI A\p{KlamWv
AhcpsS eyw. etm]ew P\sf AImcntev
\bnp IpcpSmcpsS hgnImnIfmb IpcpSm. ùXoI
A\p{Kln\p thnb btkv {]mYnXv. ssZhns cmPyhpw
\oXnbpw At\zjnphv kIehpw \evIph\mWv Imhv
(ambn 6:33). ]nsn\v ùXoIn\p {]Ya m\w \evIWw?
\s kakvXhpw Adnbph \psS Bhiyfpw Adnbpp.
ChnsS btkv BhiysSpXv DdtdnbXpw \ne\nevpXpamb
ssZhoI A\p{KlamWv. ssZhm\p{Klns Kymcn Ah
BhiysSpp. kIecmepw Xs btkn\p a\pjys
ss\anjnI A\p{Kln Xmev]cyan. Ah\v Hdnbmw. ssZhw
A\p{Klnm AXv \ne\nevpXmWv. AXn\p ]cn[nItfm
]cnanXnItfm C. Fm a\pjy A\p{Klnp \mhpsImv
i]npIbpw sNpw. As\ Hcp A\p{Klw X\nv th.
ssZhns kpnchpw \nXyhpamb A\p{KlamWv BhiysSp
Xv. {]nb A\phmNIsc, ssZhoI A\p{KlanmsX \apv
\ne\nevm\mIn. AXv \nXyamWv, tim`\amb `mhnv DaamWv,
\nfpw {]mYnq. ssZhta Ddtdnb Hcp A\p{Klw F\npw
Bhiyw. Devn 22:17 A{_lmans\ ssZhw sFizcyambv
A\p{Klnpsav ]dncnpp. ChnsS btkv \nbambn
A\p{Klw {]Xonpp. ssZhns Promise Ah
BhiysSpp. bmtm_v ]dbpp; \o Fs A\p{KlnmsX
Rm \ns hnSpIbn (Dev]. 32:26).
cmw {]mY\ : Fs AXn hnkvXmcamWw
hnimeX B{KlnphcmWv Fmhcpw. karn, A`nhrn,
hnimeX Ch s]stmkvXv kp]cnNnXamb ]ZfmWv. Fpw
As\bmbncpm sImmsah B{Klnpp. ]s,
hnimeX A{X Ffpa. B{Klsfmw kêamIWsantm.
{]kn a\ximkv { X\mb knv t{^mbnUv ]dbpXv ;
kêoIcnsSm B{KlfpsS kv]\amWv kz]v\w.
[\hms B{Klw hopw [\hm\mIphm\mWv. Zcn{Z k\m
Im X{XsSpp. kao]hmkn aWnamfnI ]WnbpXp Iv
Iminmnpw tem FSpmbmepw Zcn{Z ]pXnb hoSv]Wnbpp.
hml\w taSnpp, kpJambv Pohnpp. Cs\ PohnXns
hyXykv X kmlNcyfn hnimeX B{KlnphcmWv
`qcn`mKhpw. btkns\ kw_nnStmfw Xs cmjv{Sns
hnimeXbmWv Xm B{KlnpXv. tbmiphbpsS t\XrXzn
bn{kmtb PbmfnIfmbn I\m\n {]thintm Hmtcmcppw
AhImi `mKnp \evIn. As\ blqZbvpw e`np. Fm
XfpsS CSpnb kmlNcyfn\np hnimeX btkv
B{Klnpp.
\psS ssZhw hnimeX \Iph\mWv. ssZhapJw At\zjnv
Cdnbhscms Cv hnimeXbpw karnbpw A\p`hnpp.
Fm ]nWn tImesfpdnv Ch hnNmcsSpptm? {]nbsc,
\appw hnimeX BhiyamWv. sNdnb hoSv s]mfnv _wmhv
]Wnbm\; a sskn hnv BUw_cm hmm\; d
Ftpw av `qkzpw kmZnm\; ]Wsmgpn
aWnamfnIItfm, hym]mc kaptfm ]Sppbm\; Zcn{Zs\
Nhpnmgvm\; adnv, lrZb hnimeXbmWv Cns Bhiyw.
at\maWv U ens hnimeX \apv thWw. _unIhpw
BymnIhpamb hnimeX. AsX, ssZhoI hnjbfn k
cmbn XotcXn\p hnimeX. \psS CSpnb NnmKXn amdWw.
hnime hoWtmsS kIeXpw XncndnbWw. k`bpsS
IpSpw_nskaqlns DXnmhiyap hnime ImgvN
mSn\v DSaIfmbn amdWw. ]mccy coXnIv amw hcWw. BoI
]mcXzw hnv \mw hnimeXbntev \bnsSWw. As\ \psS
AXncpI hnimeamIs.
aqmw {]mY\ : \ns ssI FtmSpIqsS CcnWw
Fmhcmepw Xs btkns GImX adWsan
ssZhns kmnyw BhiyamWv . ssZhns ssI
A\pIqeambncnphm btkv B{Klnpp. ssZhw A\pIqe
san {]XnIqew B (tdma 8:31). ssZhw IqsSbpv Fn
X\nmscbpw t]Snt Imcyan Fv btkv Xncndnbpp.
ssZhns ssI inbpsS ssIbmWv (tbmiph 4:23); Cpw
{]hnm IgnhpXmWv (sbi. 59:1); A[nImcntXmWv
(Asm. 11:21). ssZhns ssI Bpw `mcambncncpXv. A\p{Kl
nsbpw ssZhoI kmnynsbpw kwcWnsbpw
kpcnXXznsbpw ssImWv. Cpw ApXw {]hnp
ssIbmWv ssZhntXv. btkv ssZhns ssIbnse kpcn
XXzw B{Klnpp. _mlyBcnI i{XpfpsS BtemN\Isf
A_amm ssZhn\v Ignbpw. a\pjy ssI ]nhenpw,
Imepamdpw. As\ sNm ssZhw a\pjy\sm.
\memw {]mY\ : A\w hyk\ImcWambn
XocmsXhw Fs ImWw.
ssZhkmnyhpw kpcnXXzhpw BhiysSp btkn\v
Adnbmhp asmcp Imcyw \oXnams A\ AkwJyamIp
p (ko. 34:19) FmWv. \oXnam\mbXpsImv {]iv\ Ipdhn.
\oXnam\v Hcp ]s, {]iv\w GsdbmWv. Fm \oXnam Xfcpn
ImcWw, ssZhw Ahs\ hnSphnpp. ]s{Xmkv AtmkvXe ]d
bpp; {InkvXym\nbmbXpsImv Iw klntn hcpsav, ]s
encpXv(1]t{Xmkv 4:16). {InkvXptbiphn `ntbmsS Pohn
p hsmw D]{Zhw DmIpsav (2Xnsam. 3:12) ]utem kpw
]dbpp. tbip ]dp: temIn \nv Iapv Fnepw
ss[cysSpI (am. 16:33). temIs Pbnh\mWv CXv ]dbpXv.
kz cmPyn ISWsan At\Iw IjvS klntn
hcpsav (Asm.14:22) ]utemkv hopw ]dbpp.
{InkvXp hnizmknv A\w hcn F ]Tnn hN\ hncp
amWv. A\ DmIpw. F{Xtbm A\ Dmbncn
pp. ]s \mw {]mYntXv Ah ZpxJImcWambn XocmXncn
tXn\p Xs. A\w hyk\ImcWambn XocmsXhw
kqjvaXtbmsS IcpXnsmI. Asn \psS kaqln\v AXv
A]am\amIpw. PohnXn t\cnSp A\ \nanw
`bsSm btkv B{Klnpn.
C\n \np Xocpam\nmw...
t\mq, btknt\msSmw \mapw Cu {]mY\ {]mYnnt?
sNdnb {]mY\sbnepw F{Xtbm AhmWv. Cu thZ`mKw
hmbnpt \npw ]pXnb NnI DmIpw. hmbnpI,
hopw hmbnpI.
{]mY\IsmSphn 10mw hmIyn Ahkm\w Cs\
FgpXnbncnpp. Ah At]nXns\ ssZhw Ah\p \In.
btkns {]mY\ hrYmhmbn. {]mYnXv ssZhw Ah\v \In.
{]nbsc, 1tbml. 3:22 Cs\ ImWpp; ssZhIev]\ A\pkcnp
hv {]mYnpsXms e`npsav. 5:14,15 hmIyfn
ssZthjvS{]Imcw At]npXv AhnSpv tIpp FXv
\apv Aht\mSp ss[cyamWv.
hnizmktmSpw AWt_m[tmSpw At]nm AhnSpv
\s Dt]nn. btkns {]mY\mPohnXamWv aphcn
\npw Ahs\ hyXykvX\mn amnbXv. AXn\m Ah kIesc
mfpw am\y\mbnop. Ncn{XImcmcpsS A`n{]mbn Ahs
{]mY\bpsS A\cêw hyn]cw am{Xambncpn; {]XypX,
Ahs t]cn Hcp ]Whpw AhnsS \nv Ipsd imkv{Xmcpw
Fgptp (1Zn\. 2:55). CXv kXysan CXn IqSpX ssZh
{]hn asmWv? kaqln am\ycmhscsbmw ssZhw
am\ycmnbnpv. AhcpsS IpSpw_tfbpw ]Wtfbpw ssZhw
am\np. AhcpsS t]cn ]Ww Adnbsp. CXv ssZh{]hn
bmsX asmWv? \nfpw hnizknv {]mYnq, nXnIsf ssZhw
ampw. \npw Hcp ipÌmeapmIpw Xo.
5
Hcp ôs\lmkv BIm Ignbptam?
]cmPbw a\pjyklPamWv. Fm hnPbw ssZhnsbpw.
bYm {InkvXphnizmkn ]cmPbs hnPbamn amph\mbncn
Ww. Hcnsenepw ]cmPbw cpNndnht hnPbns
hne a\nemm\mIq.
^dthms ASnaXznembncp P\Xsb ssZhw tamsi apJm
ncw hnSphnv hmKvZ \mntep {]bmWn acp`qanbn
IqSn \Sn. bm{XbvnSbn cmPmmcpsSbpw {]hmNImcpsSbpw
\ymbm[n]mcpsSbpw BtemN\ e`n P\w ]etmgpw kmlNcy
fpsS kw \nanw ]m]ns AKm[ntev IqpIpnsm
ncpp. Znimt_m[w \jvSs kaqln\v ImemImefn
ssZhw BtemN\ \Inbnpw Ahsb Imn ]dn ]m]hgnIfn
PohnXw \inn Hcp]nSn kaqlw! ss\anjnI kpJw hnp PohnXw
HgnpIqSm ]mSnm PohnXNcybmbn amdn. Fm
ssZhinbpsS av DunpSn kaqlw ]e k`fnepw ]mT
]Tnnpv. ISp inI e`nnpsnepw ]m]tm Sp arZpe
kao]\w Ahv BkzmZ\ambn amdn.
kwJym]pkvXIw 25mw Aymbw hnc NqpXv Ccsamcp
kmlNcyamWv. bn{kmtb P\w inoan ]mpw thfbn tamhm
_pambpw _ms]tbmcpambpw CSIev ]ckwKw sNbvXp. _nsebm
ans X{]camb NXnbmbncpp Cu alm]m]n\p ]nn.
tamhm_y kv{XoIfpsS kucyw hiyambncpXn\m bn{kmtb
]pcpjmsc IpSpns]Spm CXv ]cym]vXambncpp. ]ckwK
hpw hn{Klmcm[\bpw Zn\Ncybmn amnb tamhm_yv CsXmcp
]pcnb. XfpsS aXntev IqSpX `sc hioIcnphm
_men\pthn thXncns tamhm_y, anZym\y thiyIfpambn
P\w ]ckwKw sNbvXp. Ahcn Fmhcpan, 1000 {]amWnamcpw
23000 P\fpw DssS 24000 t] H Znhkn hoWpt]mbn.
]p Iev ] \bnse Bdp Iev ] \I ewLnsXn \m
h[inbpw DS\Sn \Smsp (]pd. 20:37, 12:1417).
]ckwKhpw hn{Klmcm[\bpw t]mcm Fv tXmnbnv _nsebm
ans \nti{]mImcw P\w _m s]tbmcnt\mSp tNp, t{]X
p _enIsf Xnp (ko. 106:29). A[mnI {]hn aq\ym
hbnsenbXv btlmhbvv klnpambncpn. Atm
btlmhbpsS tIm]w Pzenp (25:3). tIm]w P\ns h[inbn
tep hgnamdn. ]m]w sNbvX Hcp hynpt]mepw Pohnncnphm
AlXbn Fmbncpp btlmhbpsS ]w. in \Smm
tamsibvv Aev]w aSnbpmbncpp. ImcWw, Xm\pw Hcp anZym\y
kv{Xosb hnhmlw sNbvXh\mWv. Fnepw btlmhbpsS Iev]\
A\pkcnpIbmsX ap \nhnbnm bncpp.
_m[ s]mnpdstm ssZh`baph IqSmchmXn
IcpsImncpp. Iqn tamsibpw Dmbncpp. XfpsS
kain in A\p`hnpXv Ip \nevpIbmsX asm
pw sNm Ahv Ignbnmbncpp. in \Smm XpSn.
Hmtcmcpcmbn sImesNspsImncnptm ssZhoI{]amW
sbpw hn[nsbbpw XrWhXvKWnpsImv {]`p Ipamc kn{an
(kwJy. 25:14) anZym\y cmPIpamcnbmb (25:15) sImkv_nbpambn Xs
IqSmcntev t]mbn. Cu kw`hw bmZrnIamb IqSnmgvNb;
{]XypX, anZymsbpw tamhm_ysbpw a\x]qamb Hcp
NXnbmbncpp. AhcpsS ]Xn Xehmsc tI{oIcnmWv \SXv.
IqSmcn\p ]pdv in \Smpt IqSmcn\Iv ]m]w.
kn{anbpsS Al Xncndn Altcm ]ptcmlnXs sNdpaI
ôs\lmkns cn\p NqSp]nSnp. DS Xs Ccphscbpw
kP\hpw ImsI sImesSpn _m[ \nempIbpw
sNbvXp.
acnIsf sImXneqsS \oXnpthnbp ôs\lmkns
XojvWXbn btlmh {]iwknp. Ah\p \nXy ]utcmlnXyw
hmKvZm\w sNbvXp. ôs\lmkns hwi]mccyn s]hcmWv
kmtZmv ]ptcmlnXm (1Zn\.6:4,-10, sbl.44:15).
kXyn\pw {]amWn\pw \oXnpw hnipnpw thn hne
sImSp hynbmWv ôs\lmkv. sXns\ sXmbn ImWphm\p
Xncndnhv X\npmbncpp. AkXyn\pt\sc ISbvm
ôs\lmkv Hcnepw Xmdmbncpn. sXv sNph Bcmbmepw
in A\p`hnWw F ]mc\mbncpp ôs\lmkv. kzw
kaqlw ]m]ns in Gphmptgpw asmcp Iqn\pthn
{]mbnw sNph\mbncpp ^ns\lmkv. \inphscmw
\ins Fp NnnmsX btlmhbpsS tIm]w P\n \npw
hnpamtdXn\v ]]mZw sNphm a\ph\mbncpp
ôs\lmkv. AXpsImv {]mbnw hrYmhmbn. AXv btlmh
Ah\p \oXnbmbn IWnp. \oXnpthn \nXns A\p{Klw
XeapdIpw \nXy]utcmlnXyambn btlmh IWnp.
]m]w sNbvX bn{kmtb kaqltmSp btlmhbpsS D{KtIm
]s hgnXncnphnSm ôs\lmkn\p Ignp. btlmhbpsS a\p
ammhph B? ôs\lmkn\v AXn\p Ignp. kXyn\pw
\oXnbvpw ]camXbvpw thn \nevp hyn Fn \n
pw btlmhbpsS a\ns\ amphm Ignbpw. tZintep
\ymbhn[nsb XSbphm As\bphv Ignbpw. Cns
{InkvXob kaqln\p ssZhn\pthn XojvWXtbmsS \nev
p ôs\lmkpamsc BhiyamWv. btlmh Ahsc t\mnsm
ncnpp. ôs\lmkv sImSp hne sImSpphm \mw
Hcpaphtcm? {InkvXob kaqln Nop\mdp AgnaXnbpw
]ckwKhpw XpSn A[mnI {]hWXIsf \njvImk\w sNp
ôs\lmkpamcmbn \mw amds. kaqlns Xncp inbmbn
\mw amdpI. \psS kaqlw \inpt]mIpXn \apv hnNmcan
tbm?
t\Xrm\fnencnph ]m]w sNbvXm AXv ]m]amXm
bncnp Imew. Bscnepw tNmZyw sNbvXm AhcpsS KXn At[m
KXn. kXyn\p hncpambn F{X\m ISbvm\mIpw? bYmcmPm
XYm{]P F sNmv Hmpasm. t\Xmm Fs\bmtWm
As\bmbncnpw AWnIfpw. DX]ZmemcnIfmbh ]m]w
sNpXp \nb{nnsn km[mcWmcs Imcyn
AXnibnm Hpan. \mw Fn\mWv {]m[m\yw sImSppXv?
ssZhlnXns\m ss\anjnI kpJtm? Fs\bpw
Pohnm Hcp {InkvXym\nv Ignbn. hN\m\pkrXamb {]hn
PohnXn \npw Dcpncnphcs. {InkvXp ]Tnn [mnI
D]tZi ]menm\mIpnsn \sS {InkvXym\nXzs
kwibntnbncnpp. apJwaqSn amnshnv bYm {InkvXym
\nbmbn ImeLns Hcp ôs\lmkv i_vZambn amsSs.
{InkvXob kaqlns Da\n\p thn \apv Bthmfw
{]bXv\nmw. Csn \msf êapmIpw Xo.
6
{InkvXphn hfcpI; kIenepw
hnip ]utemkv ]dbpp: {InkvXp F Xetbmfw kIe
nepw hfcpI(Fs^.4:15). Hcp a\pjys imcocnI hf ]IzX
sb shfnhmpXmWv. {]IrXn imkv{Xn\\pkrXambn ssiihw,
_meyw, Iuamcw, bu\w, hmIyw Fns\ a\pjy\v hnhn[
ImeLfpv. hfsbm Imem\pkrXamb hfbpsS
XpS{]{IobbmWv. Bcpw Hcp kp{]`mXn apXnhcmbn Xocp
n. Imew ]IzXbntev \bnpIbmWv sNpI. hfbv\p
krXambn ]IzX {]m]nm\mIpnsn hfbn FhnsStbm
Imcyamb XIcmdv kw`hnnpv. \mev]Xp hbp hyn {]mb
ns ]IzX ImWnpnsn Imcyamb NnIn BhiyamWv.
Cu {]mbnepw Ipnm Dt]nm Xmmdmbnsn KpcpX
camb NnIn DS\Sn Bhiyw. hynsshIeyns eWam
WnXv. AXn \nsmcpbsgptev]v Cns BhiyamWv.
]q hf {]m]npI
]utemkns {]kv X mh\bnepw \mw {]m]nt hf
F{]ImcambncntWsav {]Xn]mZnpp. imcocnI hfmLS\
t]mse Xs BoI PohnXnepw ]Sn]Snbmbn hftcXpv.
Fm Imcyamb Bob ]ptcmKXn {]m]nnsn FhnsStbm
sshIeyw kw`hnncnpp FpthWw IcpXm. ]utemkv
BhiysSpXv Hcp {InkvXp hnizmkn kIenepw hfcpI
FmWv. kIenepw FXv {InkvXphns Xetbmfambncn Ww.
]etmgpw Xetbmfw FXv Actbmfw am{Xambn HXpppthm?
Imhv B{KlnpXv \psS ]q hfbmWv . \mw
{InkvXphn XnIhcmtIWw (sImtem.1:28)Fv AhnSpm{Kln
pp. XnIhntesWsan hfbvmhiyamb t]mjI
e`ntXpv. Ah bYmkabw {]tbmP\sSpppshn
am{Xta ]IzXbntev \bnsSpIbpq.
{InkvXphn hfcphm\p Fm kmlNcyfpw Dmbncpnpw
{]tbmP\sSpmsX ]mev aWw amdm {Inkv X ym\nbmbn
XpScppthm? CXv icnb. {InkvXob PohnXn \apmhiyw
]q hfbmWv. bmsXmcp shIeyhpw ]mSn. BtcmKy]camb
hfbmbncnWw \psS eyw. BobXbn ]qXbp
hcmbn amdpXn\p ]utemkv kqNnnp am\ZWvU (1)
ncXbnm inip BIcpXv. NXnbmepw D]mbmepw X{
fn IpSpntmIcpXv. thZ]pkvXI ]cnm\hpw {]Xn_X
bpansn BobXzn inipXzw XpSpsImtbncnpw;
AXv A\phZnp IqSm. (2) kvt\ln kXyw kwkmcnpXv
BoI ]IzXbpsS eWamWv (hm. 15). CX{X Ffpa. \nse
kzmXI _enIgnsSptm CsXms PohnXn
{]mhnIamIpw.
hN\sa ambanm ]m IpSnv hfcpI
cmaXmbn, ]t{Xmkv AtmkvXes A`n{]mbw Cs\; 1
]t{Xm.2:1,2 hopw P\\w {]m]n sZha Zn\w{]Xn BoI
hf {]m]nphcmbncntWw. AXn\m hN\sa ambanm
]m IpSntWw. iniphn\v Inbmb Blmcw ]mSn. amXmhn
\npw iniphn\v e`np Cu ]m hfbvv Gsd klmbIamWv,
Huj[amWv. Hcp {InkvXp hnizmknsb kw_nnStmfw BoI
hfbv v hNsa ambanm ]m AXymt]nXw.
Amen Ir{XnaanmXp t]mse hN\n Ir{Xnaw ]mSn.
hN\sa ]m Cv kpeàmWv. Fm hN\sa ambanm
]m e`npI {iaIcamWv. hmsfSpphs\mw shfnmsS
t]mse hN\s btYjvSw hfsmSnv s]mSnpw sXmepw tNv
hymJym\npp. hN\s hyhkmbambn amph [mcmfw
kmZnpXn\mbn ambw Iepp. \ndw HmsWnepw tNcph
I icnb. Inbmb ]men\p ]Icw shw Ie ]m Cv
hn]Wnbn kpeàmWtm? shns Afhv IqSptmdpw
]mens KpWw \jvSamIpw. Anmbn Zpcp]tZiw (ambw)
hym]npsImncnbm ambanm ]m GsXv Xncndnv
Ahsb Isn `nm\mIpsan BtcmKy]camb hf
ssIhcnm\mIpw. ambanm ssZhhN\w ]Izamb hfbvv
klmbIamWv. ambw Ie hN\w \psS hf apcSnpXn\p
ImcWamIpw. \hPmXinip BntbmsS \ ]m
IpSnpwt]mse ambanm hN\w Isn `npI.
BtcmKy]camb ]IzX {]m]npI
aqmaXmbn, {InkvXob ]IzXbntep hgnmcbn inipXzw
hnIv BtcmKy]camb ]IzXbntev hftcXn\mbp ]cn{iaw
AXymt]nXw. F{_mb 5:1214 hsc hmIyfn teJ\
Imhns B{Klw {]ISamptm hnai\mIsav
tXmntmIpw. ]Izamb hfbntev IpXnp {InkvXp hnizmkn
Xs hf sXfnbntXpv. Rm XnIp Fv ]dbpXn
eqsSb; {]XypX, {]hnbneqsS shfnhmtXmWv. hnizmk
n ]pw Ccp]Xpw apXpw AXne[nIhpsams hjs
]mccyw ]dbm\p s]stmkv X F`nam\np
{InkvXym\nI Csmcp Xncnpt\mn\p hnt[bcmtIXpv.
ImeLw t\mnbm kÌfn D]tZinm kacmb
hynI Cpw _mWnbnse ImgvNmct\m kmyw am{Xw
]dv HXpp hnizmknsbm am{XamWv . CXv hfbpsS
eWa. apffhsc D]tZinm kacmtI ]IzXbn
Fnttch Cpw \matYb {InkvXym\nI BNcnpwt]mse
Pev ] \nsemXpp PohnXNcybmsWn hfbv v
FhnsStbm Imcyamb XIcmdpv. Cs\bph hnizmkn
_elo\cpw A]IzXbphcpamWv. ChPohnXnse \XIsf
Xncndnbm\p hnthIw {]m]ntXpamWv. kIesbpw
hnthNndnbWsan \psS a\xkmn, ]t{nb, a\v,
icocw Fnhsb AXn\mbn ]cnioenntXpv.
Imew t\mnbm aphsc hN\w ]Tnnphm X ]IzX
ssIhcnth Cpw BobXbpsS aqea{w Dcnph
scn hfbn FXmWv a\nemtXv. ]coimcpw apw
\ymb{]amWw aphsc ASntevnphcmbncpp. Fm
PohnXw shdpw iq\yambncpp. hnizmkn ]mccyw ]dbphm
A[nIw Ignbptmdpw ]IzX shfnsSppI. Inbmb Blmcw
Ignt apXnh Cpw Am IpSnphcmbn
am{XsamXpppshn hfn Imcyamb sshIeyapv .
\hPmXinip IpSnt ]m apXnh kzoIcnm ]mSn.
Imen\\pkcnv hf sXfnbnWw. hnizmkn apXnp
hcptmdpw Inbmb Blmcw IgnWw. Cpw IpnIfpsS Blmc
hpw, ZmhoZpw tKmeympw IYbpsams amn hN\w hmbnptmdpw
PohnXns kakvX taJeIfn hf {]ISamIs. ]m
IpSnt {]mbn IpSnpI. Zlnp Blmcw Ignt
kabv Inbmb Blmcw BkzZnpI. \nccw ]m IpSnpXv
inipfmWv. inipv Inbmb Blmcw Zlnn, AhcXv
Onpw. Inbmb Blmcw hnthN\ns ta shfnsSp
pXmWv. icnbpw sXpw Xncndnbphm klmbnpXmWv. CXv
]IzX {]m]nh am{Xw Ignp BlmcamWv. BtcmKy]camb
hfbvv Inbmb Blmcw AXymhiyw.
{InkvXp F Xetbmfap ]q hfbvv Inbmb Blmcw
AXymt]nXw. hN\sa ambanm ]m hfbpsS
ASnm\LSIamWv. hnizmkns hfbn sshIeyapm
ImsX {InkvXphn ]q hfbvmbn ZmlnpI.
7
hnipoIcWw {InkvXphoWn
{In kvXob PohnXn hnipnv ]ca{][m\amb
m\amWpXv. hnipnbnm {InkvXob PohnXw \nohamWv.
{InkvXob `n {]ISnnph X hnipn shfnsSpt
Xv _mly{]IS\w sIm; {]XypX, BcnI ]cnWmaw sImm
Wv. _mlyhnipn apJw aqSnbWn PohnXw shfnhmpXmWv.
CXn\m Bscbpw I_fnnmw; Fs\bpw Pohnmw. hnip\mb
ssZhs apJwaqSn [cnv I_fnnm\mhn. Hcph
{InkvXphnembm ]pXnb krjvSn (2sImcn.5:17) Fv ]utemkv
]dbpp. ]pXpkrjvSn KXImePohnXw Dt]nv ]pXpa\pjys\
[cnptm hnip\mbn amsSpp. bh\mb ]Zamb lmKn
tbmkpw F{_mb ]Zamb JtZmjpw hnipnbpsS Ak
shfnhmp ]ZfmWv.ssZhn\mbv ssZhm thXncn
sSpIFw. hnipoIcWw (sanctification) FXv lKn
tbmSvtkm F ]ZneqsSbmWv shfnhmIpXv. CXv Hcnembv
am{Xap hnipnb; {]XypX, PohnXns kakvX taJeIfnepw
{]Xyambn shfnstS hnipnbmWv. hmv, {]hn, t\mw,
Nn Fo kakvXw htcp hyXnbm\ns ImlfamWv. ]pXp
krjvSnbmbXn\m Aipnbn \npw ]q hnapsa;
{]XypX, Ahbn \npw HgnncnpXmWv bYm hnipn.
BcnI hnipn: hnip PohnXn\v
AXymt]nXw
tbip{InkvXp `qanbnembncptm a\pjys _mlyhnipn
sbm BcnI hnipnmWv {]m[m\yw \evInbXv (am.
15:1820). ImcWw bYm hnipn \jvSsSptmgmWv apJw aqSn
[cnm XmdmIpXv. ]coimscbpw imkv{Xnamscbpw shtX
ihdIfmbn(am.23:27) tbip hntijnnpXv _mlytamSn
If; {]XypX, BcnI hnipnbmWv {][m\sav shfnsSpp
Xn\mbncpp (am.21:1214). IdIfpsS D]cnXew am_n ]Xnv
F{XtamSnbpXmnbmepw AIw ZpKw hanpXmWv. CXv
bYm hnip\v tNX. AIw hnipamImsX ]pdsa
hnipcmIm Ignbn.
icochnipn: Bebhnipntbmfw henbXv
]nXmhns Bebw {]mY\mebambn Fmehpw {]m[m\yw
\evInb hynbmWv tbip. AXpsImv Xs Bebnse
sImbpw AgnaXnbpw \njvImk\w sNbvXv BebipoIcWw
\Sn tbip amXrI Imn. tZhmebw {]mY\bvpXmsWpw
AXv ]cn]mh\ambncnWsapw AhnsS Hcp Aipnbpw ]mSn
Fpw Cu kw`hw sXfnbnpp. AipambXv Bebn
ISm ]cn]mh\X \jvSsSpw. CXpt]mse PUoIa\pjy
{]_e\mbm hnipcmbncnm IgnIbn. icocw hnipam
phm \mw F{X sa\nSppthm A{Xbpw {]m[m\yw Bebhnip
npw \IWw. Zpjv { ]hnp CSa tZhmebsa
XmoXmWv Cu kw`hw.
icocamIp ssZhns ancw hnipamIWsav AhnSpv
B{Klnpp. icocw Aipambm Bebhpw AipamIpw
(1sImcn.3:16,17). Bebw ]hn{Xambn kqntXv hyn]camb
IhyamWv (2sImcn.7:1). Bebns ]cn]mh\X Hmm
icocw Aipamm Ignbn. ssZhancs \innphs\
ssZhw \innpsan icocw Aipamphs\bpw \innpw.
hnipnbvv tbip Da amXrI
hnipnbn Xm \nkvXpey\msWv kzbw sXfnbnh\mWv
tbip. hnipn IqSmsX ssZhs {]kmZnnphm Ignbn.
]mccy hnipnbntev \bnpIbn; {]XypX, AW
t_m[amWv ChnsS Bhiyw. Xm hnip BIbm kza
Xs A\pImcnIfmIm ]nXmhv B{Klnpp. As\tmse
afpw hnipnbn \StXmWv.
hnipnmbp hosSpv
{InkvXp \s hosSpXv ]cnip cnemWv
(1]t{Xm.1:18,19). AXv AWphnaphpw ]Ihym[n clnXhpamWv.
Xs cw kIeam\hcminbpsSbpw ]m]w t]mn ipoIcnm
{]m]vXnbpffXmWv (1tbml.1:7). hnips cn\p am{Xta
]m]nIsf hnipnbntev \bnm Ignbq.
Bcm[\bnse hnipn
]utemkns `mjbn {InkvXphnt\mSp \psS Bcm[\
hnipamIWsav ]dbpp (tdma.12:1). Bcm[y ]pcpj\mb
{Inkv X phns\pdnp `n \s hnipntev \bnpw.
AXpsImv Fs\bpw Bcm[nm hyhbn. PUoI A`nem
jsf acnnv Hmtcm Ahbhhpw hnipnmbn ssZhn\p
kanWw. Fn am{Xta Bcm[\ Bcm[\bmIq, hnipam
Ibpq (tdma.6:19).
[mnI PohnXw: hnipnbpsS am\ZWvUw
Kncn{]`mjWnse (sermon on the mount) amnI kXy
hnc NqpXv bYm hnipnbntemWv. ChnsS sIme]mXIw,
hy`nNmcw, IkXyw, {]XnImcw, i{XpX, D]hmkw{]mY\bnse
{]lk\, aphn[n XpSnbhIsXnscbp hnipnbmWv.
[mnI PohnXw XIm hnip\mbncnm Ignbn. CXv
{iaIcamsWnepw, [mnI aqey Impkqnph\mWv
bYm hnip.
hnipnbvmbp hnfn: k`bpw \mapw
ssZhw \n \nm{KlnpXv ipoIcWamWv (1sX.4:3),
am{Xa \s hnfnXpw hnipnpthnbmWv (4:7). {InkvXp Xs
aWhmnbmIpw k`bpsS ]cn]mh\Xbn {]tXyIw {inpp
(Fs^.5:27). aWhmnbn amen\yw ]mSn F Imcyn aWhmf\v
\n_apv. aen\sm k`bpsS ]cn]mh\X \njv{]àmIpw.
\psS Bmhns hnipn (2sX.2:13) B{Klnp Imhv
\psS Bmhv IfclnXamIm \s Dmlnnpp.
Bmhns\ ZpxJnnpsXmpw \n ]mSn. tZlw, tZln,
Bmhv Fo kakvX taJebnepw hnipn {]XnênnWw.
hnipnbv v Xpeyw hnipn am{XamWv . hnip kzbw
hnipoIcntXmWv (shfn.22:11). \n_m ]mSn, Hcp
]s AXn\p IgnbpIbpan. hyn]chpw kzta[bmbp
\nWbhpamWv ChnsS {]kw. hnipn Csnepw Pohnmsa
Ahbntev ss{IkvXh temIw [mnIambn \n]Xnncnpp!
Ct\Icpw acnp Ignbptm hnipcmbn amsSphcmWv.
Pohnncnpt hnipcmbn \mw amds. ImeLns
ss{IkvXhk`bvv A\yw\np hnipnsb XncnsI {]m]nm
\mw DpItcm? Cu \qmns hnip PohnXw {Inkv X p
tI{oIrXhpw (Christo-centric) {InkvXym\nXzns ASnm\hp
amWv. Cu ASnm\nt ]Wnbp PohnXw kpncamWv.
hnip PohnXm {]XnknIsf Pbnphm Ignbpw.
hnipnbpsS aIptSmZmlcWamWv Imhv (F{_m.7:26).
hnipnbn Pohnv Cu Xeapdbn At\Isc hnipnbntev
\bnphm ssZhw \s klmbns.
8
]utemkns\ t\mn ]Tnq
thZ]pkvXIn \apthpw kp]cnNnX\mWv hnip
]utemkv. PohnXw sImpw A\p`hw sImpw {]`mjWw sImpw
Atlw aphcn \npw hyXykvX\mbncpp. {]kwKnpXp
t]mse PohnWsa \n_w Atln\pmbncpp (1sImcn.
9:27). Xs ip{iqj sbcpitean am{Xa tdmabnepw
sNth\msW ssZhoI Zi\w {]m]nh Bbncpp (Asm.
23:11). Fm hn[nepw kIem h`\mbncpp ]utemkv.
{]iwkIsf Zqtcsdnh
InenIybnse {]knamb Xskmkv kIemimebnse DX
_ncpZ[mcnbmbncpp ]utemkv . Xs amjv hniz{]kn
thZimkv { X\mb blqZ Kamentbepw. IpSpw_ alna
]dm Gsd {]iwknm hIbph (^nen.3:4-6). Fm
{InkvXp \nanw kIeXpw tNXw Fsnb hyn. Pw sImv
tdma ]ucs\v FXncmfnIv shfnsSpnb Xm ]e
inIfn \npw sXn Hgnnpv. Cu {]tXyI AhImiw (privi-
lege) kphntij tLmjWn {]tbmP\sSpn (Atm. 16:37,
25:11). PqX aXmc\mbncppshnepw hfp hXv
_unIBymoI ]WvUnX kaqlfpsS \ncbntembncpp.
Hcp keuIoI kwkvImcw (cosmopolitian culture) AhImisSp
tdmam ]ucXzw s]mXp AwKoImcap ]ucXzambncpp.
kphntij tLmjWnse kzXkn ImgvNmSv
kaWmmhp anjWdnbmbncpp ]utemkv. {][m\ambpw
Xs {]h\ ]W\Kc tI{oIcnmbncpp. Hcp
]Ws Isn ]pXnb {]h\w Bcw`nv kphntij
tLmjWn\mbn Xtiobsc hmsSpp coXn. AXpsImv
Xs Fs^skmkn \npw Xm AbhcmWv sImtemky k`
m]npXv (sImtem. 2:1). sblqZmcpsS CSbnse {]h\w
iambncpXn\m FXnpw iambncpp. hntcm[nI Xm
acnpXv ImWphm B{Klntm (Atm. 23:1214) ssZhoI
\ntbmK{]Imcw PmXnIsf kphntijoIcnm tdmantev t]mbn.
1. k` kzbw `cWmhImiapXmbncnWw (self-governing)
]utemkv m]n kÌv kzbw `cWmhImiw
DmIWsav B{Klnp. m]Is\ \nebn k`bpsS
ip{iqjI\mbn BPoh\mw XpScmsX tbmKycmb ]nXeapdmsc
Xtiobcn \np Xs hmsSpv ip{iqj `ctaev]n
ip{iqjI\mWv ]utemkv. ip{iqjmImeLn Xs X\nv
klmbnIfpw klip{iqjIcpw Dmbncpp. AXn ktlmZcnamcpw
DsSpp (tdma 16). t^_, {]nkv I , Pq\nb, adnb, Cc
ktlmZcnamcmb {Xpss^\, {Xpt^msk, s]knkv, Pqenb, Hep_mkv
XpSnbh DsSpp. Cs t\Xrta Hp IpXpdq!
kv { XoI k`bn anmXncns Fp ]d AtX
]utemkv kv{XoIsf kphntijoIcWn t{]mmlnnpXv
hnkvabmhlamWv. kzw `mmtcmSp _lpam\w hnv s]mXp
kÌfn A\y]pcpjmtcmSv kwib \nhmcWw hcppXv
A\pNnXambXn\memWv Ah hon shv tNmZnv a\nems
Fv FgpXnbsXmWv tUhnUv Fkv. InIvhpUv ]dncnpXv.
]utemkv m]n kÌ Xm ]pdspt]mIpw aps kzbw
`cWmhImiap kÌfmbn amsncpp. Xs ASnm\w
kpiambncpp.
2. kzbw klmb kÌ (self-supportive)
k`bpsS hnIkt\mpJ {]{Iobbv v Bhiyap ]Ww
{]mtZinI k` IsWw. ip{iqjI IgnhXpw tPmentbmsSmw
kphntij {]h\w sNWw. ]utemkv Xm\pw IqSmc]Wnmc
(tent making- Atm. 18:14, sX.2:9) Bbncpp. Azm\nmh
XncpsXmbncpp Xs aXw. Xs ip{iqjm Imebfhn
{]tXyInv Bpw `mcambnocmsX kzbw sXmgn sNbvXv
kphntijw Adnbn hynbmWv. kmbnns ]Ww t\mnbncn
msX {]mtZinIambn ]Ww IspI, Irjn XpSnb BZmb
k`bpsS tImun \np Xs e`yamm {ianpI.
3. kzbw{]Jym]nX kÌ (self-propogative)
k` kzbw {]Jym]nXw BbncnWw. kphntijw Adnbnphm
Xtiob kcmIWw. kmbnv hv {]kwKnmte kphntijo
IcWw \Sq, tcmKimn \Sq F Iogvhgns\Xncmbncpp
]utemkns coXn. {]mtZinI k`bpsS hf {]mtZinI k`bpsS
DchmZnamIbm Hmtcm hnizmknbpw kphntij tLmjW
n DpIcmbncnWw.
4. kzbw AS kÌ (Self-disciplined)
{]mtZinI kÌfn DmIp {]iv\ tI{
t\XrXzfntev henngbvmsX {]mtZinIambn Xs XoWw.
AXn\v {]mtZinI ip{iqjI tbmKy\mbncnWw. Atm Xs
Ii\amb inW \S]SnI aphcpsS `bn\mbn
FSppIbpw thWw (1sImcn.5:5). sImcny k`bnse [mnI
A[x]X\s ]utemkv {]tXyIambn ssIImcyw sNppv. Cv
{]mtZinI kÌfnse {]iv\ AhnSw sImv Ahkm\npn.
Hp Xpnbm t\XrXzw Adnbp kmlNcyamWnpXv. k`
{]iv\w hjfmmsX {]mtZinIambn ]cnlcnm\p Ahkcw
ip{iqjI\v \Is. \nhnbnm tIkpI am{Xw
t\XrXzn\v hnmaXn. tamsibpw As\ sNbvXp (Bh. 1:9-15;
]pd. 18:15). ]utemkn\p Chsbms km[nXv ]cnipm
B{ibnemWv. Xm hntpt]mb kÌsfmpw A\mYambn.
AhnsS \nv h kiIcn \npw Xm hntij ham\w
kzoIcnncnpp (1sImcn. 1:11; 1sX. 3:6).
Xs FgppI ]cnipm \ndhnembncpp. ]mK \Kcamb
sImcnns kzm[o\w hnizmknIfn hcpnb [mnI
]cmPbs sImcny teJ\neqsS Xm shfnsSppp.
\ymb{]amWw {InkvXob k`bpsS ASnm\amsWnepw hnizmkw
IqSmsX Ahsbmw \njvêamsWv KemXy teJ\w shfnsSp
ptm kphntijs kphyambn shfnsSppIbmWv tdma
sgpXnb teJ\w. Imcm{KlteJ\ (Fs^ky, ^nen]y,
sImtemky, ^nsetam) Fnh Fs^ky, ^nen]y, sImtemky
kÌfnse {]iv\v ]cnlmcw \Ipp. ASnabmbncp
^nsetam {InkvXym\nbmbn Xotm {InkvXphn bPam\\pw
Zmk\pw Xnep _w shfnsSppp. Hcp bphkphntijIs
[mnI ISmSpIfmWv CSbteJ\fmb 1,2XnsamsYtbmkv,
Xotmkv Fo teJ\.
bmtm_v AtmkvXe Ay\mbn hnfnpIqnb sbcpitew
Iukn (Atm.15) N sNbvXXv PmXnIfn \nphsc
{InkvXym\nIfmbn ]cnKWnmtam FXmbncpp. AipambXv
`nphsc Fs\ XfpsS `Wn\ncppw, Ahpw
]cntZ\ thWw XpSnbh Xhnjbfmbncpp. ]utemkpw
__mkpw Cu hmZtmSv tbmPnn. sbcpitew k`bn \npw
Nne AsmIy k`bn hv sXn[mcWmP\Iamb {]kvXmh\
\SnbXpsImmWv Cu {]iv\w. AmsX sbcpitew k`bvv
AsmIy k`bpsSta ]cam[nImcw shfnsSpm\. ]t{Xmkpw
IrZmk\mb bmtm_pw ]utemkpw ]cntZ\ {InkvXp
hnizmknIv Bhiyan Fv hyamn. Fm hn{Klm
nXhpw chpw izmkw apn NXpw `npXpw ]ckwKw
sNpXpw sXmWv AsmIy hnizmknIsf Adbnm
]utemkpw __mkpw sbcpitew k`bnse bqZm, ioemkv
FnhtcmSv tNv AsmIybnsen Iv hmbnp
tIntm k` ktmjtmsS hm kzoIcnv sXnmcW
amm XmdmbXv. DNnXamb adp]Sn \evIn ]utemkv anIhv Imn.
Xm PmXnIfpsS AtmkvtXmes\v ]nevmev Adnbsphsm
Npcpn, kIem h`\mbncpp ]utemkv. {]Xn`m[
\\mb kmaqlnI hnNW\pw ssZhimkv{X\pw XnI
kphntijI\pw BZi[oc\pw Itmmlnbpsasbmbncpp.
]utemkns\tmse i\msbmcp anjWdnsb ]noSv ImWphm
Ignbpn. kzw Itkc kwcnm _sSp Cs
t\XrXz PohnXImep Xs m\XymK\p XmdmIs.
Hcp ]s, ]nKman \nsfm i\mbncnpw.
9
BZcnm ssZhw
kIe ]pIgvNbvpw _lpam\n\pw tbmKy cI\mb
{InkvXp am{Xw. Fmhcpw Xs _lpam\nWsav ssZhw
B{Klnpp. Fs am\nphs\ Rm am\npp Fp
XncphN\w hyampp. As\sbn ssZhtmSv \app
_lpam\n\pw \npw A\pkcWambnmbncnpw ssZhhpw
{]XnIcnpXv. _lpam\w \tI ssZhs Alnp
Ahbn _lpam\nm AhnSpp \s BZcnpw FXn
Ccp]an.
ssZhs \mw a\x]qambn _lpam\nWsaptm Xs
AhnSpv \s BZcnphm B{Klnpp. Fm
BZchns\m {]hn \n Csntem ssZhw \s
BZcnmsX t]mIpw. AXpsImv \psS hmpw {]hnbpw
btlmhbvv {]kmZIcambncns.
hnip thZ]pkvXIn hnhn[ `mKfn ssZhns
BZchv \jvSshscpdnv hyambn {]Xn]mZnpp. AXns
ASbmfambmWv ]t{Xmkv AtmkvXe FgpXnb 2]t{Xmkv 2:
48 hscbp `mK. ]m]w sNbvX aqp hn`mKmsc \app
ImWmw. 1. ]m]w sNbvX ZqXm. 2. t\mlbpsS Imes P\.
3. tkmtZmw, sKmtamd \nhmknI. Cu aqp Iqtcbpw ssZhw
BZcnn FXv hmkvXhamb ImcyamWv. AXn\p ImcW
hfsc hyambn XncphN\w shfnsSpppv.
1. ]m]w sNbvX ZqXm (2]t{Xmkv 2:4)
ssZhs Bcm[npXn\pw X\nmbn tkhsNpXn\pw
thn ssZhw Bnsh IqcmWv ZqXm. `qan ]mgmbpw iq\yambpw
XocpXn\p app (Dev]. 1:2) BZna `qanbnse \nhmknIfmbncpp
ZqXm. Chsc ssZhw \nnXv sblkvt 28:13 apXep
hmIyfn ImWpwt]mse \hcXv\fmepw s]mpw Xhpw
sImmWv. Fm C{X _rlmb krjvSnbmbncns ZqXmv
Hcp Znhkw \nKfapmbn. AhcpsS t\Xmhmb eqkn^dns Dn
kmlkwsImp \ndp. ssZhtmfw ka\mIWsa tamlw
Ahs lrZbn P\np (sbi. 14:12). Cu Nn ZqXs
lrZbfnencnptm Xs km\nbmb ssZhw
Xncndnp. lrZbwsImp ]m]w sNbv X ZqXs\ Xs
KWtmsSmw `qanbntev shnbnp. t\Xr\ncbn \n ZqXt\bpw
Almcn\p Iqp\nhtcbpw ssZhw AhKWnp. As\ ssZhw
Ahsc shdpp; Ahsc BZcnn. ]m]s ]m]ambns
ImWp ssZhw GXp sXn\pw in\Ipsav admXncnpI.
km[mcW ]dbmdpXpt]mse sNp tamjvSnmepw tNp
tamjvSnmepw tamjWw ]m]w XsbmWv. ZqX\msWp
]cnKW\t]mepw Ah\p \ImsX \oXntbmsS ssZhw \ymbhn[n
\Sn. AXpsImv {]nb A\phmNItc, Hcp Imcyw HmpI,
sXns\ sXpsImv \ymbnIcnmsX AXns\ Gp]dv
Dt]nm ssZhw IcpW ImWnpw (kZr. 28:13). AhnSpv
ZoLabp ssZhamWv. IcpWbvmbn bmNnphsc ssZhw
\ncknbn.
2. t\mlbpsS Imes P\w (2 ]t{Xmkv 2:5)
ssZhw ]pcmX\ Imes BZcnn Fp \mw hmbnpp.
t\mlbpsS Imew `nsIhcpsS temIambncpp. \oXn
{]kwKnbmb t\mlbpsS AoWap {]kwKw {ihn Hcp
hynt]mepw am\kmcsn. sXn \npw sXntev P\w
IqpIpnsmncpp. hcphm\ncnp \ymbhn[nsbpdnv
t\ml \o hj {]kwKnsnepw êapmbn. Xs
IpSpw_amsX amcpw s]In Ibdnbn. Devn 6:12
`qanbpsS ZpjvSX I ssZhw AXns\ Pe{]fbw sImv \innm
Xocpam\np. cbmIp s]In Ibdphm Cpw ssZhw
At\Isc Wnpp. Fm AXns\ ]pdw ImsImv
XnfbpIbmWv temIP\X. Cu P\s \innpIbmsX
]nsmWv ssZhw sNpI? Hcp kq\man sImsmpw a\pjy
]Tnnsn CXnepw hepXmb {]hnI ssZhw sNpw.
AXpsImv c {]m]nm\p Znhkw CmWv. \msf F Znhkw
\appX. ssZhtIm]w hcpXn\papv s]In Ibdn c
{]m]nm DmlnIfmhpI. temIP\XtbmsSmw BoIcpw
\inp t]mtIhc. ]pcmX\ Imes ssZhw BZcnn. Fm
ssZhw \s BZcnWsan \mw Iev]\I Acw{]Xn
]menphcmbnotcXv AXymt]nXw.
3. tkmtZmw, sKmtamd \nhmknI (2]t{Xmkv. 2:6)
ssZhw BZcnmsX t]mb asmcp Iq. Devn 13:13 tkmtZmw
\nhmknIfpsS kz`mhw ImWpp. tXbpsS tZiv temv
]mm\nSbmbn. ssZhhnfn {]m]n A{_lmans\mw Cdnncn
temv ùXoI t\fpw kpJ kuIcyfpw Imwnv AXv
sXcsSpp. a\n\nWnbXns\ms Ah AhImiw
{]m]np. {]ikvXamb ]Wn ]mp. ]t, \oXnam\mb
temv A[w {]hnp tZis Zpjv S XIv a\w
s\mp(2:7) Fnpw B \mi]Ww hnpt]mcm Ah Xmdmbn.
temIspanm tXbv v Ip{]knn Bn Cu
]Wn hkn P\s ssZhw BZcnn. \oXnam\mb
A{_lmans\ Hmp ssZhw temns\ cnp. HSphn temn\v
hept]mb \oXnam F t]cpw e`np. temns\tse \mw
Hcnepw hept]mIcpXv. temIns Cfpw
kpJkuIcyfpsams \s amSnhnfnsp hcmw. ]s,
AsXmpw \psS hncpXns\ sXnm CShccpXv.
BoIXbvnSbn ùXoIX IpnncpIcpXv. AXv
ssZhkn[nbn ]m]amWv. kXyn\pthn s\pw s\nbpw
sImSpm \mw XmdmtInbncnpp. As\sbm ssZhw
\s BZcnpw.
temIa\pjyp apn _lpam\alnpcmWv ChnsS
\inpt]mbXv . ssZhn\v apJ]an. sXp sNpXv
ZqX\mbmepw a\pjy\mbmepw AsXmcp kaqlambmepw Ahsc ssZhw
innmsX hnSpIbn. \mw ssZhs am\nppshn ssZhhpw
\s am\npw. B am\yXbvv \apv Alcmbnocmw. ssZhw
\s klmbns.
10
kzmX{yw \Ip {InkvXp kzmX{yw
kzmX{yw a\pjys AhImiamWv. kzmX{ytmsS Pohn
m B{Klnp a\pjy ASnaXzs shdppp. {InkvXp Xs
sFloIPohnX Imev _\nembncphsc kzX{cmn.
IpcpS, sNInS, apS, Dua, IpjvTtcmKnI XpSnb \m\m
hn[tcmKnI Av kuJyambncpp. {InkvXp hn`mh\w sNbvXXv
\nXykzmX{yambncpp. AXv h hPmXnaXt`Xsas\y
Fmhpw e`yamIWsav AhnSpv B{Klnp.
{InkvXphns kzmX{yw kzmX{yntep kzmX{yamWv.
AXv _\n \npw ASnaebn \npap kzmX{yamWv.
KemXy 5:1 ]dbpp; kzmX{yn\mbn {InkvXp \s
kzX{cmn. BIbm AXn Ddp\n]n; ASna\pIn
]nsbpw IpSpntmIcpXv. ]utemkv ChnsS shfnsSpp cp
Imcy; Hv, kzmX{yw (liberty), cv, ASnaXzw (bondage).
Atbm, KemXytc tbip{InkvXp \s ASnaXzn \npw
hnSphnXv kzmX{yw A\p`hnm thnbmWv. Imhn\v Hscm
B{Klta Dmbncppq; \mw \nXykzmX{yw A\p`hnWw.
AXn\v kzPnh IqSn \evIm Xm Xmdmbn. ]utemkv ]dbpp,
{InkvXpkzmX{yn A`nam\w sImm hcs, {inq \o
ASnaXzn \npw kzmX{yw {]m]np Fnepw AXns B{Klw
\ntmSmIpp. kzmX{yw {]m]np F HmcWm
kzX{cmbn FhImisSm hcs, ASnaXzn hopw
IpSpntmIm\p km[yX GsdbmWv. AXn\m kzmX{yn
Ddp\nev]n; Cfp On{ZinIsf XncndnbpI.
{]obtc, Hcp \m \mapw ]m]mImcnembncpp. {InkvXp
Xs cw \In \s hnebvv hmnbtXmsS \mw kzX{cmbn.
AXn\m ]m]ntev hopw hogcpXv . ]m]_\n
IpSpnb am\hcminbvv km{XnIambn e`n kzmX{yw F{Xtbm
t{ijvTamWv. kz]p{Xs\ BZcnmsX \appthn
Fmamnbh. AXpsImv {InkvXphns cns hne \mw
adcpXv.
]pdmSv Hmw Aymbn ^dthms ASnaXzn
sRcna bn{kmtbeycpsS Ncn{Xw ImWmw. AXnITn\amb
]oU\apdIfpsS \Sphn apdhnfnIqnb P\ns \nehnfn
kzmX{yn\mbp hnfnbmbncpp. tami apJmcw ssZhw Ahsc
tamNnnp. CuPn]vXntep tamibpsS BKa\w bn{kmtbeyv
inbpw HmPpw ]Ip. Ahsc tamNnnm tamsi I\hne
\tIXmbn hp. Fnepw ZuXyn \npw ]nmdnbn.
AhcpsS tamN\w kzw kaqlnsbpw Xsbpw tamN\am
bncpp. {]obtc, \psS BXynI eyw Hcp]nSn kaqlns
tamN\amIs. ]s, kzmX{yw Zpcp]tbmKsSpcpsXv
(1]t{Xmkv 2:16) hN\w ]dbpp. AXn\m ]nimNn\v v CSw
sImSpcpXv (Fs^. 4:27).
{Inkv X p kzmX{yw Xmev menIa, adnv \nXyamWv .
AXpsImv \mw Ddp\nevpI. \apv e`n kzmX{yw \n
\nv IpSpw_fntepw kÌfntepw kaqlntepw
{]hlns. A\nb{nXamb ssZhoI {]hnv ]m{Xo`qXcmImw.
tehy. 26:13 ]dbpp, \nsf an{kboayv ASnaIfm
ImXncnm AhcpsS tZip\np Rm \nsf sImp hp.
\nfpsS \pIsf HSnv Rm \nsf \nhcpamdmn. AsX Cu
kzmX{yw \s \nhcpamdmp kzmX{yw IqSnbmWv. hnem. 1:14,
sbi. 9:4, ko, 107:10, sbi. 58:6 Fo thZ`mK IqSn hmbnpI.
hntamN\ ssZhimkv{Xw (Liberation Theolegy) Fm
ASnashp ta ssZhns hntamN\ in
shfnsSpp ssZhimkv{Xw. 1960 Ifn emn Atacnbn
Bcw`n Cu ssZhimkv { Xns {]mcw` {]NmcI tdma
Itmencmbncpp. ASnas kaqlnse ]ntm
hn`mKmsc hntamN\ ssZhimkv { Xw cnpsav ]cs
hnizknp.
1970Ifn sImdnbm anNqMv (Minjung) ssZhimkv{Xw
cq]oIcnp. an{kboanse ^dthms ASnaXzn bn{kmtb
P\s IpsImmbncpp CXv. XfpsS ssZhw hntamNI\mbn
km[mcWmcntev Cdnsm Ah B{Klnp. ]mhsh
thZ\nph ]tm hn`mKtmsc a\nemm\p {ian
]mmhXv I cWw (Contextualisation) kw`hnWsav Ch
hmZnpp. B{^nbnse Idp hmcpsS tamN\w eyamn
Idp ssZhimkv{Xw (Black Theology) cq]sXv, shmcn
\np tamN\w am{Xa Ah B{KlnXv Xsf a\nemp
Hcp Idp ssZhapsv Ah hnizknp.
]utemkv ]dbpp, kzmX{yw ASnaXznte; {]XypX,
kzmX{yntemWv \bntXv . ]gb\nba kzmX{yw
tamssiI \ymb{]amW A\pIcWsa ASnaamWv km\n
sXn {InkvXp hn`mh\w sNbvX ]pXnb DSSn \oXnbpw kam[m
\hpw \nXyPoh\pw {]Zm\w sNpp.
Cs {InkvXob kaqlw [mnIambn \n]Xnncnpp,
{InkvXp \Inb kmtcm]tZi Imn ]dn btYjvSw
Pohnp Xeapd. ssZh`banm ssZha. Hp \mw
XncndnbpI, ASnaXzntep {]bmWamWnXv. {InkvXp \Inb
kzmX{yw CX. ASna\pIs XIsdnbm\p kzmX{y
amWv. AsX, kzmX{yntep kzmX{yamWv AhnSpv \apv
\InbncnpXv.
11
cmw kv]i\w Cns Bhiyw
\spdnpw \psS kaqlspdnpw \mw CSs]Sp
kakvX taJeIsfpdnpw Hcp ]p\xhnNn\w sNm D]Icnp
ImenI{]kamb thZ`mKamWv atmkv 8:2226. atmkv
kphntijn am{Xw tcJsSpnbncnp Cu kw`hw
ayfpsS `h\w (house of fish) FdnbsSp s_vskZmbn
\SXmWv. tbip{InkvXp Hcp As\ kuJyampXmWv
{]tabw.
Keoem ISentev HgpIp tbmm \ZnbpsS Ingt
XocmWv s_vskZm. Ggv Ahpw sNdpao\pIfpw sImv 4000
t]v `Ww \Inb (8:110) almpXn\p tijw tbiphpw
injymcpw Fntncnp ]Ww. ApXfn \npw
ApXfntep tbiphns {]bmW. ChnsSbpanXm
asmcpXw tbiphns\ Imncnpp. HtmpI, tbip
Hcnepw ApXpthn ApX (Miracles for miracles)
sNbvXnn; {]XypX, Xm {]kvXmhnp hN\
P\lrZbfntev BgvndpXn\pw AhcpsS hnizmkn\pw
thnbmWv ApX sNbvXXv.
ChnsSbnXm Hcp IpcpSs\ tbiphns ASptev
sImphcpp. sImphcphcpsS Bhiyw tbip Ahs\
sXmtSWsaXmWv. ImgvNbnm Cu a\pjy\v tbiphns
ASptev hcm ]cklmbw thnhp. ChnsS Nne (some
people) FXv BcmsWv atmkv shfnsSpnbnnsbnepw
klmbnphm ]ecpw Dmbncpsv hyw. Cpw BoI
taJebn Amv Ipdhn. BoImX (spritual blindness)
_m[n Hcp kaqlw Ccpn XpIbmWv . ImWWsav
B{Klnnpw ImWm Ignbmh. Inpw ImWm asmcpIq
Cs\ t]mIpp... GXmbmepw Chscmw Imgv N bv mbn
XpIbmWv. \mfpIfmbn a\n B{Klnpp ]s, ImgvNmSv
\jvSsp. ]gb\nban Gen ]ptcmlnX\pw Hcp Imev Zi\w
{]m]nh\mbncpp. ]s ]dnv Imcyan. ImgvNmSpw (insight)
Zi\hpw (vision) Fmw \jvSsp (1iap. 3:2,3). ImelcWs
{]tlfnIbmbn Fmw amsncnpp. ImgvN anb ]ptcmlnX!
]pXnb \nbaImepw BoImX _m[nh Ipdh.
Zi\samsbppXm\pw ]s, Fmw ]pIad t]mse! Hcp \
ImgvNbvmbn Ch bmNnncpn F{X \mbncpp! ImcWw,
CXns {]kn a\nemn ImtWXns\ ImtWXpt]mse
ImWphm \apsmcp ]pXnb ImgvNmSv (new sight) Bhiyw.
atmkv 8:23mw hmIyn tbip IpcpSs\ ssIbvp]nSnv
Ducn\v ]pdp sImpt]mIpp. ImgvNbnmh Hbvv \Sm
Hcp ]t hogpw. ]ns hogv N hepXmbncnpw. AXn\m
BoImX _m[n kaqln\v ImgvN \Iphm tbip
B{KlnpXpsImv Ah ssIbvp]nSnm B{Klnpp.
IpcpSs\ Ducn\v ]pdp sImpt]mbn Fp ]dbptm Ahs\
{Kman\v (village) ]pdpsImpt]mbn FmWv. Chome F
]ZamWv {Kman\v bh\ `mjbn D]tbmKnncnpXv .
FpsImv tbip Ahs\ kz{Kman\v ]pdpsImpt]mbn?
AsXm, ]pcpjmcns Xnpw Xncpw ]cnKWnmtWm? atmkv
kphntijn tbiphns ApXfn knwl`mKhpw
]ckyambnmWv. aqp kw`h am{XamWv clkyambnpXv.
bmbotdmkns aIsf DbnpXv (5:3545), hn\mb sNInSs\
(7:3137) kuJyampXv, asmv \mw Cu A[ymbn Nnnp
hnjbamWv.
Nnetm BoI hnSpXen\v {Kmaw XSamtbmw. Ahnizm
knIsfmp \nd {Kmasan ApXw \SpI Akm[yw.
Fm ap NnecpsS hnizmkn\pthn {]XoIv
LSIhncpambn tbip Nne ApX sNm\m{Klnpp.
AmsX ]nknnbvpthnbp ApXf. hnizknm
a\phcpsS am\kmcn\v CXv hgnsXfntmw.
asmcp hkvXpX tbip Ahs\ kuJyamp coXnbmWv. In
Xpn Ahs ta ssIhXmbn ImWpp. tbiphns Cu
ApXn\v kamcamb asmcp kw`hw tbml. 9 se hmIyn
tNdp In ]qin iotemlmw Ipfn \npw kuJyampXmWv.
In Xpn kuJyamp kw`hw Cmesm\pw
\SXmbncpsn \psS {]XnIcWw Fmbncptt\w? Xpn
kuJyampXv AdpXmbn tXmpsanepw AXns êw tcmK
kuJyamWv. HtmpI, tbiphn \npw ]pdsSp in
hkv{Xns A{Kntem hmntem am{Xw HXppX; {]XypX,
Xpen t]mepw kuJyamWv. In Xpn ssIshp FXv
tbiphns Hmw kv ] i\w (first touch). \o Fsnepw
ImWpptm, Fv tbip tNmZnptm, Dv ImWppv
hya Fmbncpp IpcpSs adp]Sn. CXn \npw cp
Imcy hyw (1) HpIn Ah P\m A\mbncpncnmw.
(2) Ah\p e`n ImgvN HbSnpX, {ItaW kw`hnXmWv.
GXmbmepw Hmw kv]i\nse ImgvN AhyX
\ndXmbncpp. Ah Ip FXv icnbmWv. 24mw hmIyn
Ah taevtmp t\mn. Ah ]dbpp; R ImWpp a\pjy
\SpXv, ]s ac t]msebs{X.
a\pjysc acfmbn ImWp ImgvN. Cu ImgvN icnb. tbip
kuJyamnbXns XIcmd, kuJyambXns {]iv \ amWv .
Ct\Iw Bob F`nam\npcpw Fsmstbm ImWpp,
]s hya. ]etmgpw ktlmZcsftbm, klhnizmkn
Isftbm, kaqlns XmsgnSbnephsctbm ImtWXp
t]mse ImWm \app Ignbpptm? ImWppspXv icn
bmWnepw ZpcnXa\p`hnphsc, \ncmew_sc, klPohnIsf
hyambn ImtWXv \apmhiyamWv. ChnsSbmWv cmw
kv ] i\ns (Second Touch) {]kn hnpXv . 25mw
hmIyn tbip ]nsbpw Ahs Int ssIshXmbn
ImWpp. ]nsbpw FXpsImv Ah\v Hcn kv]i\w
e`nncpsv a\nemmw. cmw kv]i\nse ImgvN hyX
tbdnbXmbncpp. CXv tbiphns ip{iqjbn Hcn am{Xw \S
kw`hw. AXns êw ]qkuJyamWv. hyambn FXn\v
bh\mb `mjbn Soemhv t Kmkv (Telaugos) F ]ZamWv
D]tbmKnncnpXv. Zqscbphsbtmepw hyambn ImWmw
Fw. Imgv N ]qambn e`nncnpp. Cu kw`hw
injymcpsS BnI Iv Xpdnphm\pw tbiphn\p Ignp.
A\phmNIsc, Hmw kv]i\nse ImgvN hnIeambncnmw.
AXv adm XmdmIq. tbiphns cmw kv]i\n\v thn
B{KlnpI. As\sbm Fmhtcbpw ImtW coXnbn
ImWphm \apv Ignbpw. ChnsSbmWv Cns av A\yambn
cnp cmw kv]i\ns Bhiyw. hnIeamb ImgvNIsf
mfpw t`Zw hyamb ImgvNbt? _pnapp ImgvN (Looked hard)
FXv kqNnnp bh\mb ]ZamWv Ubmst]m (Diablepo).
Ip FXn\v Fs\ss] (eneblepen) Fpw. t]m (blepo)
F {Iobm ]Zn \npw Diablepo D]tbmKnncnpXv IpcpS
ImWphm Bcw`np Fpw eneblepen FXpsImv ImWp
hkvXphn Xs ZrjvSn icn bmbn ]Xnnm Ignbpp Fpw
hyw.
AXpsImv {]nb hmb\man{Xsa, Xmv cnsemv
sXcsSpmw. HpIn hnIeamb ImgvN Asn hyamb
Imgv N . Ign Imefnse hnIeamb Imgv N mSpItfmSp
Ftpambn bm{X]dv tbiphns, hyXbp cmw
kv]i\w {]m]npI. Atm kIeXpw hyambn ImWpw.
12
`n bYmambncns
`n Ghpw N sNsSp hnjbamWv. `nbneqsS Fmw
t\SnsbSpmw Fv Aambn hnizknph [mcmfw. Fm
aXnepw `cpv. Ah hnizknp ssZhtmSp `n
Bcm[\bntev \bnpp. ]t, ssZh`n Cv
BZmbkq{Xambn amsncnpp.
`n FXv kwkvIrX]ZamWv. `Pv FmWv {Iobm ]Zw.
CXn\w ]pshbvpI, kzampI, Bcm[npI
FsmsbmWv. `P F `nKm\ Cu ]Zn \npw
DhnXmWv. AssZzXns hymJym\w shfnsSpp `n
B\amWv. bmYmy kz`mhtmSv sFIy`mhw {]ISnnp
Xn\p Xncndnhv `n amntev \bnpp FXmWv
{]amWw.
ItbmKhpw m\tbmKhpw ]ns `namhpw
`KhXvKoXbn ]cnNbsSm km[npw. kzman hnthIm\s
A`n{]mbn k\mX\\mb Hcp ssZhn ebnp tNcp
AhbmWv `ntbmKw. \nbambpw bYm ssZh`n
a\pjy lrZbfn \npw DcpncnphcpXmIWw. `n
F Bibs BZyambn AhXcnnXv `KhZvKoXbmsWmWv
]csbp hnizmkw.
Cs a\pjy ]pdta `scv tXmnbmepw AIv
ISnpIodp sNmbvfmWv. `n Dn HXpnshbvt Hcp
hnImca; {]XypX, {]Xyambn shfnsSpt kwKXnbmWv.
`nv apJwaqSn ]mSn. bmYmy shfnp sImp hcp
XmIWw \psS `n. Cv ssZh`scv kzbw hntijnnp
]ecpw `nbpsS thjw [cnv AXns insb XyPnpsImv
hbdns ip{iqjbmbn `nsb amnbncnpp. btlmh`n
m\ns Bcwàmbncnptm (ko. 111: 11) temI m\w
ssZhapmsI t`mjXzambn amdpp. `nbpsS adhn Cv
Fsmw \Spp. temssII hmt\mfw ]pIgvnb ]e ìntcm
aWnIfpw Acmn apJwaqSn `cmsWv sXfnbnp
Ignp. a\pjys Dns Dn \npw ssZhtmSp Bcm[\
bmbncnWw bYm`n.
`nbph\mWsm `. `nbnsn A`. `n
hymPamsWn I]S`n. ]coimtcbpw imkv{Xnamtcbpw IWv
innpXcn tbip Ahsc t\mn hnfnp, I]S`nmtc!
_mlymcm[\bpsS Pev]\pw bmKpw Im\pjvTm
\pw AanX{]m[m\yw \Inb Ch ssZh`nbpsS
L\tadnb hkvXpXIsf t_m[]qw Xnfbpp.
ssZh`bw a\pjys\ `nbntev \bnpp. `bw \jvSsm
]ns Fs\ `\mIpw? Ctm_ns\mw ssZhapmbncpXp
sImv `n apdpsI ]nSnp. kzw `mcy Ahs `n tNmZyw
sNbvXtmgpw `nsb apdpsInSnp Ctm_ns\bmWv \mw
ImWpXv.
kIe a\pjytcmSpap ssZhoI ]XnbmWv ssZhs
`bsSpI FpXv. FpsImv a\pjy ]nimNns\ `bsSpp?
ssZh`n \jvSsm ]ns Fmnt\bpw `bstSXmbn hcpw.
a\pjy\v Cv apjys\ `bamWv, Imew F{Xamdnbncnpp. Hcp
{]kwKw tIm Icbm km[npnsn \psS `nsb \mw
]p\x]cntim[nWw. ssZh`n {]lk\ambn amsScpXv.
sslh `n {]m\smcp ]ucmWnI Ncn{Xapv.
AhcpsS ]nIbn 33 tImSn tZhKWfpsv ]dbsSpp.
]ucmWnI kwkvImcnsbpw hnizmknsbpw t]cn IpSpw_
ssZh {]Xysp. ]nmse {KmaoW ssZhfpw,
h\]XImjnI{]mtZinX tZhKWfpw cwKsn.
Chsbmpw Ahsc cnnsXv ]camw.
`n Fm ssZhoI Bcm[\bn Hcp `s ]q
]mfnw FmWv a\nemtXv. Cv `s\pw `n
sbpw ]dm ssZhhpambn \ncc kwkKap hynsbv
a\nemmw. `n BNcnph\mWv bYm `. sslh
BNmc A\pjvTm\fn t]mepw `nv \nmbI m\amWp
Xv. Dh Xn, kplrp Xn, amXm]nXm Ipp
Xan, bPam\\pw Zmk\pw Xnep _lpam\amWv ChcpsS
`n. `nbntev \bnp hynsb Kpcp Fv hnfnpw. Kpcp
hnt\mSp `nv Kpcp`n Fpw.
hnip thZ]pkv X Iw A\pimknp `n btlmhsb
`bsSpXmsWv. k`m. 12: 13 ImWpp, ssZhs `bsv
Ahs Iev]\Isf {]amWnpsImI; AXv BIpp kIe
a\pjypw thXv.ssZh`bhpw Iev]\m]me\hpas{X bYm
`n. ko. 12:1 ko\mcs \nehnfn {inpI;
btlmth cntWta `m CmsXt]mIpp. `nbpv
]t, ` Ipdbpp. BobX I]Sambn amdpp. ssZhk` Cv
kvYm]\fmbn A[x]Xnp ImgvN.
ko. 4:3 btlmhbvmbn thXncnsh\s{X `.
]coimtcbpw imkv{Xnamtcbpw tbip I]S`nmtcFp
hnfnp. a\pjy ImsI \oXn {]hn sNpXn Ch
DmlnIfm bncpp. {]mnptm a\pjysc {]kmZnnphm
Ch B{Klnp (am. 6:25). ambn 23mw Aymbw apgph
tbiphns [mnI tcmjamWv ImWpXv. AhcpsS {]amW
kzoIcn phm\pw PohnXw Xnfbphm\pw tbip ]Tnnp. a\pjy
{]oXnv thnbp AhcpsS {]hnI s]mbmb
`nbmbncpp. aphv kzcmPyw \ntj[n Ch kXyw
Adnhsc Ccn \cIn\v tbmKycmn. thZhpkvXInse
L\tadnb \ymbw, IcpW, hnizkvXX, Fnh Chv
A\yambncpp. Zimwiw IrXyambncpsnepw BoIX Im]Syw
\ndXmbncpp.
_mlytamSnbn AanXmthiw ImWn ChcpsS Dd ihpgnv
kam\ambncpp. ]ptcmKa\]camb ]e Imcypw t\XrXzw
\Im\pw ]Ww Nnehmm\pw Hcp ]t Ccm XmdmWv
]t, BobX A`n\bw am{Xambncpp. ssZh`n A`n\b
amIcpXv adnv, A\p`hamIWw.
a\pjys\ t_mysSppXn\pX ssZh`n. ssZhoI
Iev]\Isf {]amWnpXt{X ssZhtmSp kvt\lhpw `nbpw.
temIhpambn A\pcRvP\sSphm ssZh`nbphv Ignbn.
[mnIXbvsXnsc Fpmbmepw {]XnIcnphcmIWw
bYm {InkvXp `. sXns\ sXmbn ImWm\pw ]m]s
]m]ambn ImWm\pw ]Tnn tbiphns ImgvNmSntev \apv
aSmw. AXpsImv, \n sNpsXmsbpw a\pjys
Imhn\v Ft]mse a\tmsS sNphn (sImsem. 3:23).
13
Nebvpnse kzmX{yw
kzmX{yw kIe a\pjycpw B{KlnpXmWv. AXv Ftmgpw
DmIWsamWv B{Klw. Fm Fs\bmWv ASnaXzn
IpSpntmbsXv Nnnm kban. ]cmXn ]dpsImv Ipw
aphcpsSta ]gnNmcpIbt ]Xnhv ? ]nss\bmWv
kzmX{yw e`npXv? Nnnmw.
`mcXw cp \qmpI shmcpsS (British) tasmbvabn
(Monopoly) Bbncpp. hym]mcns\ t]cn `mcX an
\nebpdn Ah {ItaW cmjv{Ss sImbSnpIbmbncpp.
Cymmc ssIpw sIn t\mn \np, A{Xam{Xw Hccw
DcnbmSm Ignhnm hn[w \njv{Inbcmbn Xo Hcp ]nSn
lX`mKym! shm Cysb B{Ianp, `cnp, IogSn, apSnp
Fsms tLmctLmcw hmZnptm adphiv AhcpsS BKa\w
sImt Cp ImWp hnIk\sfms DmbsX
A\ntj[y kXyw hnkvacnm\mhn. Bj`mcX kwkvImcw
DuwsImp `mcXob\v CsXmpw Dsmm\mhnsn
]nsbmcmWv CsXms AwKoIcntXv? kwkvImc
ip\yambncp Hcp]nSn kaqls kmwkvImcnI hnhntev KXn
Xncnphn Ah hnZymlo\sc hnZymkcmn, t\tc sNmt
hkv { Xw [cnm ]Tnnp. BXpcmeb, hnZym`ymk
m]\ Cs\ \nch[n ]cnjv I cW `mcXn\v
km\np.
`mcXn Dmbnembncp Abnhpw Ahnizmkhpw
av A\mNmcfpw Hcp ]cn[nhsc \njvImk\w sNm Ahv
IgnXv hnkvacnm ]mSpX. ChnsS anj\dnam sNbvX
tkh\ mL\obamWv. `mcXn, {]tXyInv `mhns
NnXbn NmSn acnm hn[ns kv{XoIv Bizmkambncpp
kXn \nems kpZn\w. kvIqfnse ]mT]pkvXIfn
kXn \nemnbXv cmPmdmw taml dmbv FmWv. Fm
hneyw s_nwKv {]`phpw hneyw tIdnbpamWv Cmcyn apssI
FSpsX bYm Ncn{Xw \ntj[nsSpp. `mcXns
\thmm\inev]nIfmb cmPmdmw taml dmbpw apw Cwojv
]TnXv Fs\bmWv? BcmWv hntZicmPyfn hnv ]TnnXv?
AsXmpw Bpw Adntb. CwojpIm Fmw \innp Fp
]dbm FfpamWv. BZyambn sdbn]mX XpSnbtm Ipsd
hnUv V nI ]dp; Cysb apgph\mbn ]mfneqsS
Dcpnsmp t]mIpsamWv. IjvSw! AXp hnizknm Ipsd
]chnUvVnIfpw. Fnepw Hp kXyamWv, \psS cmjv{Sw
ASnaXzn Xsbmbncpp. Fm \mw hnizknp Kmn
XpSnb almcYm `mcXn\v kzmX{yw t\Snp. 1947 HmKv
15, AmWv `mcXns kzmX{yZn\w. ]s, ]q dnnm
Im 1950 P\phcn 26 hsc Imncntn hp.
aplZv Aen Pn CmanI cmjv{Sw thWsav hmZntm
`mcXs ]nnNonsmSp [octZim`nam\nIfmWv \appXv.
As\ ]mnm Dmbn. Cybn lnp am{Xw aXn F
KqVeyw Kmnpmbncpp Fsmcp kXyw hnkvacnsSpp.
1947 HmKv 15 \v kzX{ybmsbv A`nam\np `mcXw Cpw
kzX{bmtWm? BtKmfhXvIcWns ISpIbw `mcXobs\
`mXXob\mXmn amn. kzw kwkvImcw Imn ]dn ]mmXy
kwkvImcs hmcnpWv kzX{yambn hnlcnpIbmWv
`mcXob. A\oXnbpw AgnaXnbpw sIme]mXIhpw sImnhbvpw
t_mw_m{IaWhpw ssewKoI AcmPIXzhpw Cs\ ]dm
Xocm Hcp]nSn ]nI kzambn A`nam\nm\p Cu `mcXw
Cp kzX{ybmtWm? \nc]cm[nI innsSpp, FhnsS
\oXn? . ssIqph Imcymc CXt Cs nXn.
Cpw ASnaebv pn IpSpnnSp `mcXob
Nebvpffn HXpp kzmX{yw am{XamWv A\p`hnpXv.
Ne s]mnmsX Fs\ ]qkzmX{yw e`npw?
Nebvpnse kzmX{yw Zpcp]tbmKsSpphcpapv.
ss{IkvXh k` [mnI aqeyypXnI t\cnpsImncnpp.
{Inkv X p\mYs kmtcm]tZi Imn ]dn btYjv S w
Pohnm\mtWm \s hnfnncnpXv? CXmtWm {InkvXphneq
sSbp kzmX{yw? Hdokbn {InkvXym\nI ]oUnnstm
ssZhoI \ymbhn[nbmsWv hymJym\nhcpv. hn[nm \o B?
hn[npXv ImhmWv. a\pjy\v hn[nm A[nImcw \evIn
bnn. \nevpp Fp tXmph hogmXncnm kqns
{InkvXp hn`mh\w sNbvX kzmX{yw ]m]n \np kzmX{y
ambncpp; ASnae s]mnsdnp kzmX{yw. Fm Cv
a\pjy ]eXn\pw ASnaIfmbn Nebvpnse kzmX{yw am{Xw
B{Klnpp (Fmhcpan). Ne s]mnm Xmev]cysSmh
AUvPvsa v {InkvXym\nIfmWv. kzmX{yn\mbn hnfns
\mw Nebpw t]dn \ScpXv. kzmX{yw {]m]nh Nebntev
Xncnpt]mIcpXv. {]m]n kzmX{yn Ddp\nevpI(Kem. 5:1).
kzmX{yw Zpcp]tbmKsSpcpXv.
{Inkv X p \apv \Inb kzmX{yw Nebv pnse
kzmX{yw A; {]XypX, Nebvpn InSphcpsS Ne
s]mnpXpw kzw Ne s]mnpXpamWv . Ne
{InkvXym\nIfmImsX kzX{ {InkvXym\nIfmIpI.
14
{InkvXob t\XrXzw: Hcp hnNn\w
Akm[mcWamb ssh`hhpw Xocpam\tijnbpw \nbZmVy
hpap km[mcW hynIfmWv t\Xmm. BoI t\XrXz
spdnv \mw Nnnptm {InkvXym\n F t]cpXp sImv
BoI BIpn. adnv, {InkvXphns hnfnbvv A\pkrXambn
AhnSps inbn B{ibnv, kz`mhtmSv A\pcq]cmbn
PohnXneqsS {]Xnênnv , aphsc Imhntev
BIjnphcmbn XocWw. ssZhhpw \mapw Xnep _s
ASnm\amnbmWv temIw \mw Bobtcm Fv hnebncppXv.
Fs {]hnaWvUew, {]iv\sf t\cnSpXnep kao]\w,
hnai\tfmSp {]XnIcWw, hnPbm]Pbfnse \nmbI
Xocpam\w Chsbms BoIXsb shfnhmpw. AXpsImv Xs
BoIX ssZhtmsSmap bm{XbmWv. ssZhhN\n\p
Iogvs]v ]cnipmmhns A[oiXzn Pohnv \ BoI
kplrpsf kmZnv aptdphv BoI t\XrXzn
Dbcm Ignbpw. \mw Dsp \nevp {]m\n\v/k`bvv/
cmjv{Sn\v \mw amXrIbphcmbncnpI.
m\am\f BoIXbpsS am\ZWv U w. As\
NnnpXv A_amWv. ]Zhn (position) Fs BoI\mpsav
NnnpXv ip acamWv . kzbh\ (self-deception)
alm]mXIamWv.
AXe
t\XrXzw Hcp kzm[o\ (influence) inbmWv. Ah hnhn[
\neIfn kzm[o\nmw. NnecpsS hynXzamWv (personality)
kzm[o\ns {][m\ in. \So\Sm XpSn ]e Xmcfpw
kzm[o\nsSpXv Cs\bmWv. ap NnecpsS hmIvNmXpcyamWv
(oratorical skill) kzm[o\ in. KmnPn, amn eqYInwKv
XpSnbh Aqn s]Spp.
t\XrXzw cp hn[nepv. kZv t\XrXzw (good leadership)
Zpjvt\XrXzw (bad leadership). ssZhhN\hpambp _n
aphsc km[mcWambn kzm[o\nph kZv t\XrXzaphcmWv.
ss__nfnse s\laymhv Da DZmlcWamWv. Ah ssZhtbpw
ssZhP\tbpw kvt\lnp; thZ\nphcpsS thZ\ kzw
thZ\bmn; ssZhoI ]Xnv Npa sImSpp.
s\laymhnse BoI t\XrXz KpW
1 {]mYnph (s\l.1:14).
2 B`mcw Zi\amnbh (2:3).
3 Zi\w ]pshbvph (2:5).
4 apIqn Xocpam\nphm Ignhph (2:8).
5 Bhnizmkapffh (2:20).
6 Zi\ ]qoIcWn\mbv apffhsc t{]mmlnnph (4:6,14).
7 Zi\ kmmXvImcn\mbn ITn\mzm\w sNph (4:1420).
8 sFIyXbvv Npa sImSpph (2:17,18).
BoI t\Xmmv Imhns lrZbapmbncnWw
(Gods heart). Imhns Cjv S ambncnWw \ptSXpw.
ssZhlnXn\mbncnWw {]Ya m\w. Atm euIoI
A`nemjv \n m\anmXmIpw.
ImhmWv t\XrXzntev \s hnfnpsX Da
t_m[yapmIWw. tbip 12 injymsc sXcsSpp. Fs,
A\pKan, Rm \nsf a\pjysc ]nSnphcmpw (am. 4:19)
Fv ]dp. hnZym`yk tbmKyXtbm Ipeo\Xtbm A Ahsc
almmcmn amnbXv; Imhns bYm A\pbmbnIfmIm
ImWn a\mWv Ahv am\ZWvUambXv.
ZuXy `cta]npXv ImhmWv. Fmhpw Hcp
t]msebXm\pw. Nnesc AtmkvXemcmbpw apNnesc {]hmNI
mcmbpw, kphntijImcmbpw, CSbmcmbpw, D]tZjvSmfmbpw
(Fs^. 4:11,12) \nbanncnpp. ssZhcmPyns hym]vXnmbv
{]tXyIm[nImcambn e`n ZuXyamWnXv. kzb {]bXv\m ZuXyw
sNbvXm ]cmPbsSpw. Hmw m\w Imhn\mIs.
BoI t\Xmhv Imhns kl{]hI\mbncnWw (co-
worker-1sImcn.3:9). As\bmbm ZuXyn\v kzsa`nam\n
m HpapmIn. t\fpsS s{IUnv \appX. tbip
]dp; Fs IqSmsX \nsmpw sNm\mhn (tbml.15:5).
apKW\ GXn\v FXv {][m\amWv. BoI t\XrXzns
lrZbkv]\amWv tbmlm kv\m]Is hmpI, Rmt\m
IpdtbWw \otbm hftcWw (tbml.5:30).
BoI t\XrXzw (Spiritual leadership) BoIXbntep
hfbmWv; Ahkm\anm bm{X, \nXyXhsc. ZakvtImkn
Bcw`n bm{X ]utemkv ]qoIcnXv kwXr]vXntbmsSbmWv
(2Xntam.4:78). Fmhpw XmepIfpv, hcfpv. ]s,
D]tbmKnp hn[w hyXyamWv. ]cnipmmhns klmb
m am{Xsa Ch ssIImcyw sNm\mIq. Bmhn\v hnt[bs
Sptm \ê Imbvm\mIpw (Kem.5:22,23). hneyw sPbnwkv
]dbpXv a\pjy 1012% hsc IgnhpItf {]tbmP\sSpppq
FmWv. _mn \mw Fp sNpp?
GsXmcp BoI t\Xmhpw _elo\\msW (weak) Xncndnhv
Ftmgpw thWw. ìntcmaWnI (stalwarts) t]mepw _elo\cm
bnpv. Aisc icmphm\mWv Imhv B{KlnpXv.
tbip{InkvXphn ]qPbapv.
tNtXmhnImcw
t\Xmsh \nebn temI a\pjys\ DtPnnp LSI
]eXmWv. Nnesc ]Ww \nb{npp, ap Nnesc A[nImcw,
BVyXzw Cs\ \nch[n. temIns tamlw Ah
\nhnpp. ssZhav CXn\mhn. ssZhkvt\ln \nv
DcpncnbpXmIs t\XmhmIm\p Bobs tNtXmhnImcw.
{InkvXphns kvt\lw Rsf \n_npp (2sImcn.5:14). B
kvt\lw Hmtcm \nanjhpw \s Imhntev ASpnpw
(^nen.4:1011).
]ckv ] c kv t \lw (mutual love) {Inkv X ob t\XrXzns
{]ISamb eWamWv. CSb\nm BSpIsftmse (am. 9:35)
P\s Itm tbiphn\v a\enhpmbn. {]iv\fn \npw
]pdphcm, aphsc klmbnm Hcp t\Xmhn\v IgnbWw.
eyw ImhmIptm Zi\hpw ImhntXmIpw.
ASbmf
Bobs\v sXfnbnphm \apv Fv ASbmfamWpXv?
{]hn, PohnXw AXp am{XamWv Da sXfnhv. ssZhtmSp
hnizkvXX, kXykX PohnXneqsS shfnhmIs. A\pI,
Zb, Xmgva, XpSnb KpWsfms BoI t\Xmhns kz`mhn
epmbncntWw. ssZhafmIm Cu KpW kmZnW
sa, adnv ssZhafn Cu KpW DmbncnWsamWv
]utemkv ]TnnXv.
ssZhhpambp \psS _w BoIXbvv ampcbvp
{][m\ LSIamWv. \psS NnI, Xocpam\, apKW\I,
ey Chsbmw ImhntXmIs. \mw kao]np
hynI, sXmgn taJeIfnsemw Ch {]ISamIWw.
hnai\ t\cnSptm hmSntmIcpXv . A\mob
{]iv\ hjfmn kzbw IpgntXmptm Bob {]mY
\bm Ahsb t\cnSWw. IpsSpepI HgnhmpI, icnI
AwKoIcnpI, tIm]s \nb{npI, \psS Duw tNmp
t]mImsX kqnpI. asImv aphsc t\SpI. Ctm_n\v
AXv km[np.
{]iv \ DmIpw; \mep hip\npw AXpmImw.
A]ISs Xncndnv ]IzXtbmsS s]cpamdpI. kzw k`bn
\ntm, t\XrXzn \ntm, Dhcn \ntm FXnpI DmImw.
Fmhscbpw Xncpphm \apmhn. icnbvv thn \ne
sImpI. hnai\ t\XrKpWn DsSpnbncnp
ssZhoI ]mtPv BsWv am{Xw NnnpI.
eyw hnPbw am{XambncnWw. {inm ZpxJntn hcn.
]e ìntcmaWnIfpw (stalwarts) eyw sXn hoWpt]mbn.
hogmsX \nphm i\mb ssZhn B{ibnpI.
LS\
`qXImen \npw ]mT ]TnWw. hogvNbpw XmgvNbpw
DmIm Bcpan. Hcn kw`hn ]cmPb
BhnmXncnm {inWw. ZmhoZv Amcyw {inncpp.
sXv a\nemnb Xm ]m]w Gp ]dv A\pX]nv aSnhp.
kplrp BobcmbncnWw. Bob Kpcpm (mentor)
DXv Ftmgpw \XmWv. \mw IWv t_m[nnthcmIbm
PohnXw kqjvaXtbmsSbmIs. PohnXn Fmw ssIhnv
t]mIpsav tXmnbmepw ssZhm{ibn apdpsI ]nSnpI. Zi\w
ihpw hyhpambncns.
kzm[o\w
cmjv{S]nXmhmb almmKmn At\Isc kzm[o\nnpv.
amn eqY InMv apX H_ma hsc. t\XrXzw {]Xyp]mZ\
tijnbpXmbncnWw (reproductive). ]pXp XeapdI P\ntWw.
tamsi tbmiphsb ]nKmanbmbn sXcsSpp. Genbmhv
Fenisbbpw. Ctm?
P\s kzm[o\nphm \ t\XrXzn\v Ignbpw. KnsZtbm
bn{kmtben\v apgph \ymb]meI\mbn. tbmlm kv\m]I
tbiphn\v aptmSnbmbn kzm[o\ inbmbn hnp. Cs\
F{Xsb{X Ncn{X.
Cs t\XrXzw
]cmPbas ImWpXv ? ]Ww, {]ikv X n, Itkc, s]v
Chbv mbn ]ZhnI Zpcp]tbmKsSppp. Dtiipn
sXntmbncnpp. AhnizkvXX, AgnaXn, kzP\]]mXw,
hh thXncnhv ChsbmsbmWv Cs ]cmPnX
t\XrXzns ssIapX. ]mhsh ]oUnnsSpp. sXv
NqnmWnm sXpImc\mIp Imew. Bobcmb
t\XrXzsf (spiritual leaders) Imhv Fgptns. In\p
tim`bp t\XrXz DmIs.
Hcp NnIs A`n{]mbw {inpI: ip`m]vXn hnizmkn shp
hnfnIfpsS \Sphn Ahkc Ispp. Aip`m]vXn hnizmkn
Ahkcfn shphnfn Ispp.
15
ZuXyhpambn aptdp kmnbmhpI
kmnI F ]Zw thZ]pkvXIn DS\ofw ImWmw.
A\p`hnepXv shfnsSppI F efnXamb AamWn
Xn\pXv. ]gb\nbanse kmnIsfpdnv ]pd. 23:1, kwJy 35:30,
Bh\w 17:6 hmIyfn hmbnmw. ]pcmX\ bn{kmtbense
kmnI \nbam\pkrXambn D]tbmKnp kmnIfmbncpp
(cqv 4:911). bmtm_pw em_m\pw \n DSSnbpsS kmyw
{]m]npXmbn Devn 31: 4449 hsc hmbnmw. AhnsS Ah
In DbnbXv kmyns Iqmcambncpp (heap of wit-
ness). Ah FSp {]XnIv ankv]m (Imh amSw watch-
tower) F t]cpw \In.
]pXnb\nban {InkvXp injymcneqsSbmWv kmn F
]Zw shfnsSpXv. Ah {InkvXphns P\\acW ]p\cpm
\ns kmnIfsm. Hmw \qmnse k`bpsS {]mYanI
ZuXyhpw kmnbmhpI (Asm. 1:8) FXmbncpp. CXpt]mse
kXyns kmnbmIm hnfnshcmWv \mw Hmtcmcpcpw.
{Inkv X ym\nsb kw_nnStmfw ZuXytmsSmw CXv
hynXzns `mKw IqSnbmWv.
\mw kXyns kmnbmbn amdptm temItmSv Hcp
kZzam\w ssIamdpIbmWv. AXv \psS ]m]n\p ]cnlm
cambn acnv Dbsgpt\ tbiphns\pdnpff kZvham\amWv.
CXv A\p`hneqsS shfnsSppI. \mw kmyns hmlIcm
Iptm HmpI, apffhv {InkvXphns\ ]pshbvt
kmnIfmWv \mw. kXys Adnncnph Fmhcpw kXy
n kvt\lnpp Fv 2tbml. 1:2 hmbnpp. {InkvXphn
thcqn ASnm\s ]Wnmbn \mw HcpWw. Hcp hnizkvX
kmntbbpq, AXv tbip{InkvXphmWv. AsX, acnhcn
BZyPmX Xs. ]nXmhn \nv IXpw tIXpw `qanbn
shfnsSppI F kmn ZuXyambncpp Imhn\pXv.
ssZhns {]Xncq]amb {Inkv X phneqsS BXynIamb
kmnap{Zsb \apv Zinm\mIpw.
bn{kmtb tKm{Xnse ImWmsX t]mb BSpIsf
At\zjnsnb tbip Xm Adnbn kZzam\w Cv \s
`ctanncnpIbmWv . \jv sXns\ IspI F
ZuXyamWv \appXv. \n t]mbn kIe PmXnIsfbpw
injycmnsmhn Fv ambn 28:19 hmbnpp.
kvt\lnsbpw abpsSbpw kZzam\w Adnbnphm\mbn
hnfnsh AXv sNWw. k`bpsS ZuXyw CXmWv. Hcp
alm\ntbmKamWnXv (great commission). CXv sNmnStmfw
{Inkv X phns kmnbmbncnm \apv Ignbn. `mcX
kphntijoIcWw F AXynI eyw t]dn Pohnp Hcp ]nSn
PohnX \psS cmPypv. Nne hntZiobpw Cu B`mcw
e`nnpv. Fm \apv Cp `mcw FmWv? euIoI
kpJn Pohnphv \inp t]mIphscsmn `mcw
DmIn. Ahv AXns Bhiyhpw C. AXpsImv \mw ]I
DnStmfw Abhs {]hn sNpI.
\mw {InkvXphns kmnIfmbn Xom {]Xnêw Dv. Cv
{]Xnêanm {]hn sNm aSnbmWv. CXv Adnbmhp
Imhv apIqn {]Xnêw Hm^ sNbvXncnpp!
1. kmnbmIph ssZhns afmbn amdpIbmWv
Hcn ]nimNns In sRcnah Cv {InkvXphns
Icfn kpcnXcmWv . Cu kpcnXXzw ssZhav
AhImisXmWv.
2. kmnbmIphcpsS icocw ssZhns ancamWv.
ssZhns ancw \innphs\ ssZhhpw \innpw.
ssZhns icocw hnipamWv. \mapw As\ BbncnWw
(1sImcn. 3:16,17). Cu icocn\v hncpambn sNp
{]hnIsfmw {InkvXphns kmys AeyampXn\v
XpeyamWv.
3. ]m]sfmw tamNnncnpp
CXmWv ASp {]Xnêw. \nfpsS ]m]w F{X ISpw
Nphmbmepw lnaw t]mse shfpnm Imhn\p am{Xta
km[nq. As\ ]m]hnapcmb kmnbmbn amdphm km[npw.
4. ssZhns kam[m\hpw kvt\lhpw A\p`hndnbm km[npw.
CXv \Im Bpw kmya. Hcp Khsapw \Imsav
hmKvZm\w sNbvXnn; C\n km[nbpan. Akam[m\ns
Icn\ngen PohnXw ISnan aptmp t]mIphv icnbmb
Znimt_m[w \Ip kmnIfmbn \mw amdpI.
5. Chv ssZhns ]XnIsf Xncndnbm\mIpw
kmnIv ssZhns ]XnIsf Xncndnbm\mIpw Fp
am{Xa AXn{]Imcw PohntXmtiys NnsSpm\pw
km[npw. hgn XncndnbpXv hnthInbmsWv kZr. 14:8. Nnetm
sNpffXmbn tXmp hgnI acWhgnIfpamImw. tbip ]dp
Rm Xs hgnbpw kXyhpw Poh\pw BIpp (tbml. 14:6).
6. {InkvXpkmnv \nXyPoh F Ddv Dv
temImhkm\tmfw Fm \mfpw IqsSbncnmsav hmv X
ssZhw \nXyXbvmbn \s hnfnncnbmWv. PohnXw ChnSw sImv
Ahkm\npn. \nXyXbvmbn \nbansncnbmWv \mw.
7. ku`mKyfn aXnadmsX t]mbn kmnbmIpI
{InkvXphns\ AdnXneqsS e`yamIp Fm ku`mKyfpw
\mw A\p`hnptm \n_ambpw \mw {]m]n t\fn
ktmjnmsX kmnbmIWsav AhnSpv B{Klnpp.
kpJkpjp]vXnbn ebnv kzbw adp PohnmsX CSwssI
hewssI XncndnbmsX _lpkl{kw P\sf {InkvXphntev
ASpnp almb ZuXyn\mbn HcppI. CXv BcpsSbpw
IpIb, Fmhcpw CXv sNphm ISsncnpp.
8. kmyPohnXw BoI a\pjys hfbvv ImcWamIpw
AXv \s ]pjvSnsSppw. As\ \mw {]mY\m PohnXn\v
DSaIfmhpIbpw thZ]T\hpw [ym\hpw ioeampIbpw sNpw. GXv
kmlNcynepw Imhn am{Xw B{ibnm \s
t{]cnnbpw sNbpw. Cs\ {InkvXphns\ shfnsSppXneqsS
\mw AhnSps m\m]XnIfmbn amdpIbmWv. {InkvXphn\p
thn AYhm {InkvXphn\p ]Icw kmnbmhp {]{Iob.
kmyn\v \s t{]cnnpXv
{InkvXphns kmnbmIm \s klmbnp \nch[n
LSIfpv. \mw sNtXmbn Imhv ]dncnpXpw
AtmkvXem apJmncw shfnsSppXpamb kXyamWnh.
t]mbn kmnbmIm Imhv ]dtm AXn\p thn
{]mWs\ \Im\pw Hcpambncpp ]utemkv (Asm. 20:2427,
3132). ssZhIr]bpsS kphntijns kmyw XnIbvpI F
Dtiyta ]utemkn\v Dmbncppq. 2sImcn. 5:1415 hmIyfn
CXn\mbn Xm \n_nX\mbncnpp Fp ImWmw.
kmnbmIm encpsXmWv eqtmkv 9:26 tbip
]dncnpXv. enm kmnbmIm Ignbn. ZuXyn
\mw ]cmPbsScpXv.
a\pjysc ]nSnphcmp (ambn 4:19) almb
ip{iqjbvmbn \mw kzbw kcmImw. m\m]Xn ZuXyw
adcpXv. {InkvXphnep \nfpsS kmyw shfnsSppXn
]cmPbsScpXv. aptdmw hnizkvXXtbmsS.
16
Nne {Inkvakv kXy
an temIcmPyfpw Unkw_ 25\mWv {Inkvakv BtLmjn
pXv. \hw_ amk s]m]pecn hWm Fmhpw
Unkw_dnse {Inkvakv HmaIfmhpw Nnbn. hWi_famb hnf
pIfm Aecns ]Wfpw Itmffpw Fpw {]Imiw
]cp hnfpIfpw hnfndnbnpXv Htc kXyamWv, tbiphns
P\\w. CXv temIw Cpw hnizknp Nne hkvXpXI am{Xw.
Unkw_ ]IpXntbmsS an `h\fnepw {Inkvakv Aem
cfm \ndbpw. {Inkvakv ac (bYmn \nXylcnX
tImWn^ acw), hmàmb hnfpI, tXmcWfm Aecn
apdnI Fnh km[mcWamWv. ASp _pv {Inkvakv
Biwkm ImUpI Abbvmdpv. hoSpIfpsS `nnIfn CXp
XqnbnSpw. 2011 Cwnse {_nojv t]mv HmôkneqsS am{Xw
\qdv Ziew ImUpIfmWv {Inkvakns aqmgvNbvv apmbn
AbbvsXv.
{Inkvakv ImUv
1840 {_nWnemWv {Inkvakv Biwkm ImUpI Abbvp
coXn Bcw`nXv. ASn kmtXnI hnZy ]ptcmKantXmsS ]ccmKX
coXnIv {]kn \jvSsp. ]ccmKX ImUpIfn adnb,
tbmtk^v, Dntbip XpSnb Nn{X D]tbmKnp hp. Cs
]e ImUpIfnepw Xami Nn{X, ioXIme kvacWmNn{X
Ch D]tbmKnp ImWpp. IqSmsX {Inkv a kv ^mZdns
Nn{Xfpapv.
{Inkvakv ^mZ
kmmtmkv FdnbsSp ^mZdn\v Hcp {Inkvakv apJapv.
FhnsSbpw ImWp Nn{Xfn Xqsh Duim XmSnbpw Idp
Ipmbhpw Ifnmfpw a[pcw \nd knbpambn \op
kmmtmkv {Inkvakv cmhn IpnIv km\ \evIpsav
hnizknpp. an cmPyfnepw Unkw_ 6 hn. kmmtmkv
Zn\ambn BNcnmdpv . Dc{Zphn Pohnncpsv
hnizknp Ctlw apaebneqsS sdbnUnbdns\ hml\amn
hoSpIfpsS Nnn\nbneqsS Dundn, A[cm{Xnbn IpnI
InSpdp InSbvcpIn, km\smXn \nt]nv ew
hnSp coXnbmWv . ISIfnepw apw ^mZdns thjaWnp
\nevph IpcppIv km\w \evIpXv ]Xnhp ImgvNbmWv.
kmmtmkv FdnbsSp hnip \ntmfmkns\ UpIm
hnfnpw knmkv. F.Un. 4mw \qmn ssadm (B[p\nI
Xpn)bnse {InkvXob t\Xmhmbncp Ctlw Hcp emioe\pw
]mhshcpsS klmbnbpambncpp. Hcp Znhkw Hcp hoSns Nnn\n
hgn Ibdn km\s]mXn Xmtgntm Hcp IpnbpsS CjvS km[\
fntemWv hoWXv. AXpsImmWv IpnIfpsS IfntmpIfn
^mZ km\w hnXdpsXv hnizknsSpXv.
Cv ]mmXy cmPyfn {Inkvakv ]gYbmbv amsSpp.
bp. sI.bnepw bqtdmnepap At\I Cu kpZn\n Bcm[\m
ebn t]mImdn. CsXmcp XnSpns Zn\ambXn\m cm{Xn
ISItmf \m sshIn {]hnpIbpw km[\v
hnepdhv {]Jym]npIbpw sNpp.
{Inkvakv Hcp bmYmyw
F.Un. 400 apXemWv {InkvXphns PZn\ambn {Inkvakv
BtLmjnm XpSnbXv. Cv ]mmXycmPy {Inkvakv
bmYmy adp XpSn. tbiphns\m {Inkv a kv
^mZdnt\mSmWv IpnIv {]nbw. CsXmcp t`mPt\mhambpw
shdnqpIp kabambpw At\I hn\ntbmKnpp.
ss__n {InkvXphns bYm Nn{Xw ambn, eqtmkv
kphntijfneqsS hyamppv.
adnb ]dbpp
thZ]pkvXIw tbiphns\ adnbbpsS aI\mbn Nn{XoIcnncn
pp. hnhmlnXbmIm, ]pcpjs\ Adnbm I\yIbneqsSbp
Akm[mcW P\\w. ZqXs h\kzcw adnbbvv hnizknmhp
Xnepw Apdambncpp. sblqZmcpsS ]cnlmk icsf AXn
Pohnv Ah PohnXw \bnp. tdmam kmcns P\kwJy IWs
Spn t]cp tNm \ktdn \npw t_Xvetlansenb
tm Ahv AkzXI {]ISambn. \ndhbdpambn Anbpd
m \nevp adnbbvv CSw e`nn. HSphn IgpXIfpsSbpw
IpXncIfpsSbpw sXmgpv A`btI{ambn. Av cm{Xn tbip P\np
hoWXv Imensmgpn.
ssZhoI ]Xn
Cs\sbms kw`hntXv ssZhoI ]Xnbmbncpp.
{]hmNIkqfpw CXnt\mSv tbmPnpp. Aqdn]cw
hjp apv aoJm, sbimhv XpSnbh tbiphns P\\w
{]hNnncpp. {]hN\ \nhn A\ntj[y kXyamWv. ssZhoI
]XnbpsS bYm apJamWXv.
CSbm `bhnlzecmbn
Amev kaqlnse hneIpdhcmbncpp CSbm.
AtX CSbmv Xs tbiphns P\\ktiw BZyw e`ntm
Ah ]cn{ànp. temIntev ISph kam[m\ kti
neh aXnadp.
hnZzmam
tbiphns P\\ kabv, ImWphm\mbn hnZzmm Fn
bncpp. Ch Cs Cdm\n \ntm kuZn Atd_ybn \ntm
BImsav Ncn{Xw. ImcWw aqhcpw cmPmmcmbncpsv ]w.
F{Xt]cpmbncpsv ss__n hyampn, adnv aqv
km\ sImphXns shfnn aqv hnZzmmscv
AwKoIcnsSpp.
s]mv, aqcv, Ippcpw
Cs XXzimkv{Xmpw hm\\ncoIpw Xpeyamb
hnZym`ymkw ssIhcnhcmbncpp hnZzmm. Akm[mcWambn Hcp
\{Xw hm\n Itm FhnsStbm Hcp cmPmhv P\nXmbn
a\nemn. imkv{Xob `mjbn kq t\mh F \{Xam
bncnmw AXv Fp ]dbsSpp.
Ingv F Zni eyamn \op \{Xs ]nKan
Ah iniphnt\mSp BZckqNIambn s]mv, aqcv, Ippcpw
Fo hnetbdnb hkvXp km\np. CsXmcp cmPmhns\
_lpam\nm\mbn \Ip kpKhKfmWv.
A`bmnbmbn tbip
tbiphns P\\spdnv tI Zpjv S \mb sltcmZmhv
]SbmfnIsf hnv sImphm Iev]\ ]pdsSphnp. Fm ssZhw
tbmtk^n\p {]Xy\mbXp apJmncw adnbsbbpw tbiphns\bpw
Iqn CuPn]vXntep ]memb\w sNbvXp. sltcmZmhns acWw hsc
AhnsS Xmakn tijw \ktdntev aSn. tbiphns 1230
hsc {]mbn\nSbnep Ncn{Xw \apv e`ya. tbip Hcp
bqtdm]y shmc\mbncpn. {InkvXym\nXzw Hcp ]mmXy
aXhpa. adnb, tbmsk^v, tbip FnhcpsS Nn{X t]mepw AXp
shfnhmppv. h hyhnXnbpsS t]cn B{^nbnse
IdphKmct\m `mcXobt\m PmImct\m Bbncpn tbip.
tbip Fmhpw FmamWv.
bYm {Inkvakv t`mPt\mhtam aZy]m\ BtLmjtam A.
tbip Hcnembn P\np FXv kXyamsWnepw AXns\
hyhkmb IpIfneqsS k`bpw kaqlhpw BtLmjamn
ampIbmWv. {InkvXp lrZbn P\npIbmsWn AXmIWw
bYm {Inkvakv. tbiphns\ Fmhjhpw P\nnpXn
FamWpXv? kXyw XncndnbpI, kXyn\mbn PohnpI.
{InkvXp \psS lrZbfn hmgs.
17
hneyw tIdnbpw skdmqcpw
bqtdmn ss{IkvXh k`bpsS anj\dn ]mfnns
{]mcw`kwcàmWv hneyw tIdnsb `mcXntev Abkw`hw.
B[p\nI anj\dn {]m\ns ]nXmshv AdnbsSp
hneywtIdnbpsS anI kw`mh\I 19mw \qmns Ncn{Xn
kphen]nIfm FgpXntshbmWv.
1761 BKv 17mw XobXn Cwnse t\mmw]vsjbdn
hneywtIdn P\np. Hcp km[pIpSpw_ambncpXn\m ]T\n\p
kmlNcy Xptemw Npcpambncpp. Ahkc ]cnanXam
bncpnpw ]Tnm\p AXnbmb B{Klw Xs ]npSp
sImncpp. 14mw hbn tPmen tXSn Cdnb tIdn sXmgnemcw
`npXv Hcp tXmmcs Iogn sXmgne`ymknbmbpw ]noSv
sNcppIpnbmbpw amdn. `mjm]T\w Xebv p]nSn tIdn
sNdp{]mbn Xs eo, F{_mb `mjI kz{]bXv\m
kzmbamn.
18mw hbn Bwn k`hnv _m]vnv k`tbmSp tNp.
Ahkcw e`nptmsgms k`bn {]kwKnpambncpp. 1978
ip{iqjbvmbp ssIshv e`npIbpw sam F {Kmanse
]mdmbn \nbanX\mhpIbpw sNbvXp. Cu kabpw sNcpp
IpnbpsS ]Wn Dt]nncpn. ]Wnimebn Hcp temI
`q]Sapv. Hmtcm cmPysfpdnp hnhcfpw Xm FgpXnt
ncpp. 1792 tIdn {]knoIcn ]pkvXIamWv An inquiry in
to the obligations of Christians to use means for the conversion of the
heathen. AtX hjw Xs _m]vnnse ip{iqjImpthn
Hcp ktf\w hnfnpIqn. tIdn Ahsc A`nkwt_m[\ sNbvXp
sImv sbi. 54: 2,3 hmIysf Bkv]Zamn {]kwKnp. ssZhn
\mbn henbh sNpI. ssZhn \npw henbh {]XonpI
FXv tIdnbpsS Fmetbpw ap{ZmhmIyambncpp. kphntijo
IcWn\v Xm hfsc hne Ievnncpp. ktin BIrjvS
cmb _m]vnnse ip{iqjI tbmKm\cw Particular Baptist Soci-
ety For Propogating the Gospel among the Heathen F kwLS\bvv
cq]w \In. kwLS\ bpsS BZy anj\dnam hneywtIdnbpw tUm.
tPm tXmakpw Abncpp. {_nojpImcpsS iamb FXnp
ImeambncpXn \m Hcp Uv Ien anj\dn {]h\n\mbn
`mcXn htcnhp.
1793 \hw_ 11 \mWv tIdnbpw ]Xv\n sUmtdmn \m B ImX
dn\pw aqp a sênIvkv, ]o, btkv Fnh `mcXnse
nbXv. 1973 tIdn Ibn (Ctmgs sIm) Imep
Ipptm Cuv Cym I\nbpsS Xmhfhpw AXnn {]tZi
hpw Bbncpp ChnsS. Ibnse PohnXw tIdnsb kw_nnS
tmfw IjvSmSpw \ncmibpw \ndXmbncpp. Hv Imepdnpw
apt cp amkn\pn ]Ww Xop. anj\dnam {]h\
v ]Ww IstWw FXmbncpp kwLS\bpsS \nbaw.
AXn\mbn Hcp sslhs klmbw tXtSnhp. HSphnembn
IbpsS sXvIngmbn kp_\n Ipdp `qan e`np. Cu
kabv tUm. tXmakv Cuv Cym I\nbn ]cnNbap
Xtihmkn tPmPv DZv\nsb Ipapn, Atlw tIdnsb Hcp \oew
^mIvSdnbpsS amt\Pcmn. 1794 Pq amkn aZ\_nbn Hcp
\oew m v m]np. CXn\nSbn tIdnbpsS Hcp aI acnpIbpw
X\nv kzbw ASw sNtXmbpw hp. Cu kw`hw tIdnbpsS
kl[nWn sUmtdmnbvv XmmhpXnepw Apdambncp
Xn\m Ah am\koI tcmKnWnbmbn. aZ\_nbn shv tIdn
_wKmfn `mjm ]T\w Bcw`np. BZy Aphjw icnpw
IjvSsXns êambnmWv {]h\n\v Hcp ASnm\anSm
IgnXv . XtiobtcmSp kulrZw `jm]T\n\v Gsd
klmbIambn. {ItaW kwkvIrX]T\w Bcw`npIbpw ]cnkc
{]tZifn t]mbn {]kwKnpIbpw Hcp kvIq Bcw`npIbpw
sNbv X p. ]Wv U nXv dmwdmw_kphns klmbtmsS tIdn
]pXnb\nbahpw ]gb\nbans \smcp`mKhpw _wKmfnbntev
]cn`mjsSpm Bcw`np. DZv \ nbpsS klmbm Hcp
ASnimebpw kzamn. shsmw \nanw ^mIvSdnbnse
tPmen Dt]ntnhp. kmZywsImv kzamsbmcp `qan
hmn.
tIdnbpsS IpI Fpw bqtdmnse k`bvv {]tNmZ\am
bncpp. XZvêambn XtmsSmw {]hnm\mbn 1799 \mep
IpSpw_ IqSn Cybnsen. Ahp thn ew \Im
{_nojpIm \ncknXn\m Um\njv {]hniybnse skdmqcntev
t]mtInhp. {_nojpIm ]npW \evInbnsp a\nemnb
tIdn Xs hkXn skdmqcntev amn. ChnsSbmWv skdmq
anjs XpSw. bqtdmn \np hhcn tPmjzm amjvam\pw
hneyw hmUpw am{Xta tIdntbmsSmw ]nSnp\npq. Cu
skdmq {XnaqnIfmWv skdmq anjs t\v ]nn.
ChcpsS {]Yaeyw tIdn ]cn`mjsSpnb ]pXnb\nbaw
_wKmfn`mjbn e`yampI FXmbncpp. ASnimebpsS
NpaXe hmUn\mbncpp. {ItaW anj kzbw]cym]vXXbntev
\on. amjvam\pw `mcybpw Bwtm Cy hnZymnImbn
t_mUnwKv kvIqfpI {]h\amcw`np. ASnimebntev
]pdp\npw At\Iw HmUdpI e`nXn\m CXpw em`
tbmKyambn. Ccw {]h\p ]pdsa aqhcpw {]kwKw,
kwhmZw, eLpteJhnXcWw Fo {]h\mbn
skdmqcns {]m{]tZifn kcnp.
anj {]h\fpsS BZyhjw Xs Irjv W ]m
hnizmkntep hp. H hnizmknbpambn tIdn Ggphjw
{]bXv\np. Bimcnbmbncp IrjvW]m tUm. tXmakv aptJ\
bmWv anj\dnamcpambn ]cnNbsSpXv. XmaknbmsX IrjvW]mepw
IpSpw_hpw kv\m\tap. at\Iw PmXnaX CXnt\mSIw
{InkvXym\nXzw kzoIcnp. thZ]pkvXI D]tZi \Xpt]mse
Adnbmambncp tIdn Hcnepw PXnhyh k`bvv
XSambnn. kv\m\n\p apta Xs IrjvW]mepw
AbhmknIfpw anj\dnamtcmsSmw `npt]mp. BZyambn Hcp
{InkvXym\n acntm ihaw NpaXv Hcp {_mW\pw Hcp
apoapw cv bqtdm]yImcpambncpp. Cu amXrIm {]h\w
apJmcw _wKmfn {InkvXym\nIfpsS CSbn PmXnhyhbpsS
t]cn ASn]nSnbpmbn. Hcp henb t\ambncpp skdmq
{XnaqnIfpsS Imshbv]v.
1801 _wKmfn `mjbnse ]pXnb \nbaw ]pdndn. tIdnbpsS
NncIme A`nemjw Av ]qhWnbpIbmbncpp. t^mv hneyw
tImtfPnse s{]m^kdmbn {]hnm tIdnv Ww e`np.
kl{]hIcpsS kX{]Imcw Cu hmKvZm\w kzoIcnp. 18011830
hscbp 29 hj tIdn ChnsS {]hnp. I\nbpsS bph
FgppImsc ]cnioennp Imeambncpp CXv. XZvêambn
AhkcfpsS {]hmlw XpSn. ]noSv admn, kwkvIrXw Fo
`mjmym]I\mbn tIdn \nbanX\mbn. CXneqsS e`n
kmZyns \smcp `mKhpw s]mXp ^mbn hn\ntbmKnp.
Iemeb _ skdmqcnse anj\dn kaqln\v Fm
kpcIfpw Ddphcpm ImcWambn. Nne hnZymnI anj
{]h\fn tIdnsb klmbnpsImncpp. kXnt]mep
kmaqlnI XnIsXnsc t]mcmSphm Ah t{]mml\w \In.
AhcpsS ]cnanXamb kzm[o\w D]tbmKnv hnjbw kmcns
{ibnSppIbpw sNbvXp. tIdnv hnimeamb hmKvZm\fmWv
tImsfPv \evInbXv. `mjm ]WvUnXmtcmsSmw tIdn `mcXnse
hnhn[ `mjIfntepff ss__ ]cn`mjbvv ]Xnbnp. shn
{]`phns t\XrXzn ]cn`mj XIrXnbmbn \Sp. `njKzcmcpsS
klmbm tIdn _wKmfn, kwkvIrXw, admn `mjIfntev
ss__n ]cn`mjsSpn. 1834 ss__n ]qambpw ]cn`mj
sNbvXp. ]pXnb\nbans 23 ]pkvXIfpw ap 10 `mjIfntev
samgnamw \Sn.
skdmq Cybnse anj Bm\amm {XnaqnI
Xocpam\np. tIdnbpsS acWkabv ]Xns\v ]mmXy
anj\dnamcpw \nch[n `mcXob kphntijIcpw kwLS\bvpmbn
cpp. ]XnIfpsS Xetmdv skdmq {XnaqnIfmbncpp.
XXvêambn _m]vnv anj\dn skmsskn DSseSpp. Cme
bfhnemWv XfpsS Fmetbpw kvacWbvpthn skmdq
tImfPv m]nm ]XnbnXv. hnZym`ymkns {]m[m\yhpw
{InkvXym\nIfpsS thZ]T\ BhiyIXbpw a\nemn 1818 126
]mTimeI Bcw`np. ]noSv imkv { Xw kmlnXyw Fo
hnjbmbn Hcp m]\w Bcw`nm Xocpam\np. Cu
Xocpam\amWv 1819 39 hnZymnIfpambn Bcw`nv Bvkv &
kbkv tImsfPpw thZimkv{X hn`mKhpw. 1827 sUamv
cmPmhv Nm BIvSv {]Imcw m]\n\v AwKoImcw \evIn. 1818
skdmq {XnaqnI ]{X{]h\ taJebntep Xncnp.
_wKmfnse BZy Zn\{Xamb kamNm Z 1818 ]pdndn.
CXn\p ]pdta Cwojv {]knoIcWambn s{^vkv Hm^v Cybpw
{]knoIcnp. t]yj hmm ]{XnIbmb AJt_
skdmq lnn {]knoIcWamb ZnKvZi Fnh 1818 1827
Imefn ]pdndn. hfsc AXnibIcambncpp ]{X{]h\
taJebnse IpXnp Nmw. Hncn kmaqlnI ]cnjv I cW
{]h\v t\XrXzw \IpIbpw sNbvXp. kXn, {`qWlXy
FnhbvsXnsc km A[nImcnIsf kao]np Fnepw
tZinse aXhnImcw {hWsSpm Ah Xmdmbn. 1806 se
in]mbn elf AwKoImcns _mn{Xambn. HSphn
Ht]mwhgn am{Xta Dmbncppq; kaqls hnZymk
cmpI. 1801 shn {]`phns \nti{]Imcw KwKm\Znbn
hensdnbsSp \hPmX inipsfn Hcp ]T\dntmv
Bhiysp. Hcp amkn\Iw dntmv kanpIbpw AXns
ASnm\n 1802 BKv 20 \v {`qWlXy \ntcm[npsImp
]{XnI ]pdsSphnp. 1799 emWv tIdn BZyambn Hcp kXnbpsS
ZrIvkmnbmIpXv. Cu kw`hw tIdnsb hmsX DebvpIbpw
kXnbvsXnsc t]mcmSm DdbvpIbpw sNbvXp. tIdnbpsS
\nti{]Imcw Nne \ncoIsc IbpsS 30 ssa Npfhn
AbbvpIbpw 12 amkn\pn \S kXnbpsS CcIfmb
hn[hamcpsS IWsSptm kwJy 438 Bbncpp. kXn
\ntcm[nm kmcnt\mSv A`ynp. ]t, km
Xmdmbn. Fm ]{Xfnepw kXn \ndp\np. cmPmdmw
taml tdmbv XpSn DX hnZym`ymkap Nnecpw CXn\mbv
cwKndn. XXvêambn 1829 Unkw_ 4 \v kXn \ntcm[np
sImp Dchmbn. tIdn F alZvhynbpsS lrZbm`nemjw
kêamhpIbmbncpp Atm.
1806 tIdn GjymnIv skmsskn AwKambn. ap Ncn{X]pkvX
Ifpw aX{Kfpw ]Tnm\mcw`np. {ItaW cmambWns
]cn`mjXpSn. CXv kaqlns {]oXn t\SnsbSpm klmb
Iambn. Hcp hnime Zi\ns DSabmbncpp tIdn. skdmq
{XnaqnIfpsS asmcp kwcwàmbncpp IpjvTtcmKm{iaw. ImcWw,
Ames hnizmkambncpp IpjvT tcmKnIsf adhpsNpItbm
ZlnnpItbm sNbvXm icocw ipamIpIbpw ASp Pn
BtcmKyapff icocw e`npw FXv. BZyambn sshZyNnIn
\InbXpw tIdnbmWv. _mnse \nt] kwcw`w Bcw`np. hm\
\ncoW ]T\w, Hcp Cy {Kime Chsbms lrZbm`nem
jambncpp. `mcXob \thmm\in]nIfmb cmPmdmw taml
dmbpw tIip`mbv N{skpsams skdmq {XnaqnIfm
kzm[o\nshcmWv.
tIdnbpsS Zi\w hnimeambncpp. Htc kabfn ]e
Imcyfn {in tIdn kmaqlnI ]cnjvIcW{]{Iobbn
A\kyqXw aptmpt]mbn.
Atlw Xpdpsh ]mX IcWobamWv. {InkvXym\nI Fv
Dds {]Jym]np \mw kmaqlnI {]h\fn
DmlnIfmtWm? kmapZmbnI kÌsftmse Xs s]tm
kvXp kaqlw kmaqlnI {]Xn_Xbphcmbn amds. tbip
{]kwKnpI am{Xambncpnsm? \psS PohnXw {InkvXphns
amXrI{]ImcamIs. hntZinbmb tIdnv `mcXssNmn C{X
B`mcw Dmbncpsn \apv F{Xb[nIw DmtInbn
cnpp. kaqln\v {]tbmP\apmIp {IobmIamb ]cnjvI
cW {]h\ ImgvNshbvm ktizc \s klmbn
s. \psS klmblkvXw {]Xonv `mcXw Cpw Imncn
pp.
18
XcwKmSnbpsS kzw koK_mKv
]Xns\mw \qmns {]mcw`nemWv `mcXn s{]m v
{InkvXym\nXzw thcpdnpXv. P\nbn ]pds DWv
bqtdmntepw Atacnbntepw hym]np. Cu DWv \nanw
At\I kphntij Zi\aphcmbn Fp am{Xa ChcneqsS
hnhn[ kphntij kwLS\I DSseSpphm ImcWamIpIbpw
sNbvXp. bqtdmns tImf\n hmgvN `mcXnse s{]m v k`bpsS
hfbvv Gsd klmbIambnop.
s{]m v {InkvXym\nXzw `mcXn BZyambn ]cnNbsSpp
Xv P\nbnse eqY hn`mKmcmWv. `mcXnse BZy s{]m
v anj\dnamcmbncpp _semambn koK_mKpw sln
qtjmbpw. sUmnse cmPmhmWv Ccphscbpw `mcXnteb
Xv. AXn\m Cu anjs\ Um\njv tdmb anj AYhm Um\njv
lmse anj Fpw AdnbsSpp. lmse bqWnthgvknnbnse
_ncpZ[mcnIfmb Chsc Uamnse cmPmhmbncpp kvt]mk
sNbvXncpXv. {Smtm_m anj AYhm XcwKmSn anjs m]
I am{Xa, koK _mKv {InkvXob k`m {]h\v
Npm ]nSnbpw ss__n ]cn`mj, {InkvXob Km\cN\ XpSn
Xangv `mjbnepw lnpXz]T\nepw \n]pW\pambncpp.
1706 Pqsse 9 \mWv koK_mKpw ptjmbpw Xangv\mnse
{Smtm_mdn (Cs XcwKmSn) FpXv. aqp Znhkw
XpSbmbn Ien Igntbnhsnepw ]noSv KhW
lmknbqkns \ncoWm\cw XcwKmSnbn Xmakn\p
{IaoIcWw sNbvXp. AXvdpv F Hmôk Cmcyn hfsc
Zb ImWnp.
Xangpw t]mpKokpw ]TnpsImmWv anj\dn {]h\w
XpSpXv. IpnItfmsSmw \nesgpv ]cnioenbpw Xangv`mj
kzmbampIbpw sNbv X p. koK_mKv Xangn {i
tI{oIcntm, qtjm t]mpKokv ]Tnm kabw Isn.
Um\njv Cuv Cym I\nbn P ]mfmpthn
Bcm[\ XpSn. bqtdm]y Poh\mpthnbpw ip{iqj
sNbvXp. kttmjIcamb hkvXpX, XcwKmSn anjs BZy
hnizmknI bqtdm]y Poh\mcmbncpp!
koK_mKv Xangv ]pkvXI cN\ Bcw`np. eqYdns ]mTy
]XnI Xangv hnZymnIv {]tbmP\sSpw hn[w ]cn`mj
sSpn. {ZpXKXnbnep Xs Xangv ]pkvXI {]Imi\ P\
sf BcyNInXcmn. CXn {]`mjW, eLpteJI, ]mT
]pkvXI DsSpp. Ahbn NneXmWv ae_m ssZhfpsS
hwimhen ae_m hnPmXobXzw Xs ]pkvXIamb \oXn
sh_q (ae_m [mnIX) F t]cnepw AdnbsSpp. ]noSv
XangvP `mjm \nLp NnsSpn. lnpXz]T\ ]pkvXIw
{]knoIcnm\p Xmev]cys P\n \ncpmlsSp pIbpw
kphntijoIcWn IqSpX hym]rX\mIm t{]cnnpIbpw
sNbvXp. cN\Ifn Fmesbpw AhnkvacWob {KamWv
ss__nfns Xangntep ]cn`mj. ]pXnb \nbaw ]qambn
]cn`mjsSppIbpw ]gb\nbaw cqns ]pkvXIw hsc ]qo
IcnpIbpw sNbvXp. Xm sNbvX ]pkvXIsfmw ]qXbpw
IrXyXbpw \ndhbmbncpp. koK_mKns ]nKmanIfmb
jpkpw, hmdpw, ^{_njykpw Xangv ss__nfns kph
]cn`mjbvv Ana cq]w \evIn.
kwKoXt{]anbmbncp koK_mKv P Km\fpw
Xangntev ]cn`mjsSpn. `mcXob cmKn Km\ {IaoIcnv
IpnIpw ]TncoXnbn NnsSpn. ko\
]pkvXI kwKoXcqt]W AhXcnnp.
temIcmjv { S kinv {]kwKnm\pw Xm kabw
Isn. kphntij ]cyS\ \Spw thfbn a{Zmknepw \mK
]Wnepw D Cwojv Uv I\nIfpambn \ _w
]penbncpp. {]kwKn\p ]pdsa Up anj\dnamcpsS
{]h\coXnI ]Tnbpw Xangv ]pkvXI D]tbmKnpw hp.
]ckv]c klIcW at\m`mhw ]pepXn koK_mKv
_{i\mbncpp.
kv\m\w \evIpw apv hnizmknIv icnbmb hN\]T\w
\evInbncpp. {]h\ ImeLn \nch[n FXnpI
klnnpv. Ghpw henb FXnv KhW lmknbqkn \np
Xsbmbncpp. koK_mKpw qtjmbpw Fmw Xpdp]dbp
{]IrXmcmbncpXn\m lmnbqkv hfsc ]oUnnp.
s]mXpP\fpsS kab_nXamb CSs]S aqew Ah
tamNnXcmhpIbmbncpp.
koK_mKv Fpw Isgpp t{]anbmbncpp. bqtdmn
teb IpIsfmw Xs \mpImspw {]tNmZ\ambncpp.
XZvêambn {Kqv e, tPmm, t_mhnwKv Fo anj\dnam 1709
XcwKmSnbn Fn. kamlcnpsImph ]WwsImv
ew hmpIbpw {]h\ insSppIbpw sNbvXp. 1712
Fkv.]n.kn.sI. (SPCK) XcwKmSn anj\pthn ASn {]kv
kw`mh\ sNbvXp. AtX hjw Xs sUamnse cmPmhv
hjmhjw 2000 tUmf kw`mh\ \evImsatp. CXn\msbmcp
t_mUns\ sXcsSpp. t_mUv Hm^v Uampw lmsebpw
tNmbncpp t_mUv. KhWdpsS XpSbmb FXnpI
{]h\spw hnLv\ambncpp. {]iv\ ]cnlmcn\mbn
koK_mKv sUamn t]mbn. 1714 {]iv\ ]cnlcn
s P\nbnsenb Xm hnhmlnX\mbn. 1716 Cybn
aSnsbn.
bqtdmn \npw aSn htijw 1716 \yq sPdpktew Nv
]WnIgnnp. 1716 Xs Aym]Imbn {InkvXob k`m
{]h\ ]cioe\ tI{ Xpdp. Cu \bw anj t_mUv
sk{Idn shUv FXnp. kw`hn ZpxJnX\mbn Xo
koK_mKv s]sv tcmKnbmhpIbpw 1719 s^{_phcn amkn
36mw hbn acnp.
koK_mKns Xangv ]pkvXIsXnsc i_vZw Dbn
smv Pokkv ]ptcmlnX kwLS\bnse s_kvPn cwKphp.
{][m\ImcWw Itmen hnizmknIfmbn cmPamWnIyw
XpSnbh s{]m v D]tZiw kzoIcnXns\Xncmbncpp.
Xangv `mjbnse kphntij {]kwKfpw {]NcWhpambncpp
XcwKmSn anjs\ hyXykvXamn amnbXv. ASnimebneqsS
{InkvXob kmlnXy {]knoIcnpw {InkvXob D]tZi
{]Ncnnpw XcwKmSn anj\dnam amXrI Imn. koK_mKns
Npcqnb 13 hjs tkh\w Fpw hneaXnm\mhmXpw
ss{IkvXh k`bpsS kphen]nIfn FgpXs \nanjfp
amWv.
XcwKmSn anjs\ AdnbsSpXv B[p\nI anj\dn
kwLS\bpsS aptmSn {]m\wFmWv . Atm Xs
B[p\nI s{]m v anj\dn {]m\ns DZb\{Xsapw
AdnbsSpp. s]mXphnZym`ymkw, {Inkv X ob hnZym`ymkw,
Aym]I ]cnioe\w, ss__n ]cn`mj, Km\cN\ Chsbms
anj\dnamcneqsS ssZhw kêoIcn I]XnIfmbncpp.
XcwKmSnbnse ]nKmanI
{Kqvev tijw jphvkv t\Xr\ncbnsen. hhyhnXn
sXnscbp Xs \ow Nnd {]iv\v hgnsXfnp. XXvê
ambn X\nv XcwKmSn hntSnhp. ]noSv a{Zmkn hp 1726-
cv kvIqfpI m]np. {]h\v SPCK ]npW
\evIn. CXns\ Cwnjv anj FdnbsSpp. koK_mKv XpSn
h ss__n ]cn`mj jpvkv ]qoIcnp. a{Zmkn Cwojv
anjs apJy\mbncpp ^nenv s^{_njykv. 46 hjs Xs
{]h\w {^mknt\mSp a{Zmkns knbnmkacambncpp.
a{Zmkv hnpt]mtI nXn hnpv. 1752 {^v `cWIqSw k`
s^{_njykn\v ssIamdn. kmlnXytemIv CwojvXangv \nLp,
Xangv Cwojv \nLp Fnh Xm kw`mh\ sNbv X p.
koK_mKns ]cn`mj ss__n ]pXpn Xangv ss__nfns
kph]Xnv {]knsSpn.
jphvkpw XcwKmSnbpw
XcwKmSn anjs anI anj\dnamcn Hcmfmbncpp {InkvXy
s{ÛdnIv jphmvkv. 1750 `mcXnsenb Atlw 48 hjw
XpSbmbn {]hnpIbpw ss{Ikv X hAss{Ikv X h
P\nSbn JymXn t\SnsbSpp. s{]jybnse skm_
Kn P\n jphvkv lmse kIemimebn \npw DX
hnZym`ymkw Icamn. Xangv`mj ]Tn Xm Xangv ss__n
]cn`mjm klmbnbmbncpp. lmsebn hpXs Xangv ]TnXv
]nevmev {]tbmP\ambn.
1750 XcwKmSnbnsenb jphmvkv 12 hjw A[ym]\w,
{]kwKw XpSnb {]h\fn hnhn[ e kinv
{]hnp. 1762 Xncpnbnsenb Xm shmcmb
ssk\nIcpsS ap thn A\mYime XpSn. 1766 Kmcnk
Nv ]Wn Ignnp. a[pcbpambn {_nojv bpw sNbvXtm
apdnthhv klmbhpambn jphmvkv cwKsn. Cu \nkzm
tkh\w {_nojv A[nImcnIfpsS IpXpdnp. CXv SPCK bn
{]hnm\p apJmnchpambn. 1726 apX Hcp Cwojv
anj\dnbmbn Xncpn tI{oIcnv anendn Nms\mbn tkh\
a\pjv T np. Xs hcpam\ns \smcp ]pw anj\dn
{]h\n\mbn Nnehgnp. Xmhqcntep anj\dn bm{Xbn
admn cmPmhv XpPmPnbpambn Nmnembn. CXv Xmhqcnse
anj\dn {]h\v Gsd klmbIcambncpp. 177298 hsc
Xmhqcn Hcp cmP]ptcmlnX\mbn {]hnpIbpw sNbXp. 1779
sslZ Aen s{^pambn kJynembXmbn {_nojv Adnhp
e`nX\pkcnv a{Zmkv B{Ianm\pw Hcp Fknsb Abbvm\pw
Xocpam\np. sslZ Aen Fknbn hnizknmXp sImv
jphmvkn hnizmkanv {_nojv kmcns tk\m]Xnbmbn
Abp. ]s bpw Hgnhmm\p jphmvkns Fm {iafpw
]cmPbsp. Fnepw sslZ AenbpsS km{amPyw kphntijoIcn
pXn Xm hnPbw Ip. jphmvkn\v Xmhqcn ]q
kzmX{yw \IpIbpw {]h\ insSppIbpw sNbvXp.
jphmvkns kab_nXamb CSs]S aqew Xmhqcnse ]e
{]iv\pw ]cnlmcapmbnpv.
XpPmPn cmPmhns\ sslZ Aen B{Ianbpw 1786 {_nojv
tamNnnbpw hopw `cWkmcYytatm kmcns
Zp`cWn Xmhqcn \npw P\w ]memb\w sNbvXp. {_nojv
km CSs]npw êapmbn.
Xmhqcnse cmPmhv XpPmPn acWmk\mbtm Xs
Zp]p{X skt^mPnbpsS kwcW NpaXe jphmvkns\
Gevnp. Fm jphmvkv XpPmPnbpsS ktlmZc Aa
knwKns t]cp \ntinp Xm Hgnp amdn. Xmhqcns `cWw
]noSv Xs ssIIfn htm \nkzm tkh\w ImgvNshp
{itb\mbn.
1798 Xmhqcn hv jphmvkv acnptm XcwKmSn anj
AXns AXyptImSnbn Fntncpp.
XcwKmSn anjs ]X\w
jphmv k n\v icmb ]nKmanIfnmsX t]mbXn\m
XcwKmSn anj A\pZn\w timjnpsImncpp. bqtdmnse
bpnhmZns iamb kzm[o\w \nanw anj\dn
ZuXywsNm Bcpw aptmp hcmXmbn. CXp \nanw
[\kamlcWhpw apw CmsXbmbn. P k`bn \npw
t{]mml\w CmsXbmbn. s\tmfnbs bpw \nanw
XcwKmSn 1801 ]nSnsp. CXv XcwKmSnsb hfscb[nIw
oWnnp. XXv]eambn XcwKmSn anj\dnbmbncp Itd 11
IqmbvaI Xmhqcnse Cwojv anj\v \evIn.
Ah SPG bvpw 1825 Fm {]h\fpw Bwn\n
ebnbpw sNbvXp. 1836 XcwKmSn anj se]vknKv GsSpp.
]noSv kzoU anj\pw se]vknKn\v klmbamsbn. ChcpsS
Iqmb {]h\w aqew Xangv Chmen eqYd k`bpw
HmUv eqY Nv C Cybpw cq]w sImp.
19
{InkvXym\nXzhpw kztZiobhXvIcWhpw
]ns s\m_nenbpw
a[pcanj\n skmsskn Hm^v Pokkv F ]ptcmlnX
kaqlns anj\dnbmb tdm_v Un s\m_nen `mcXnse
{InkvXym\nXzs kztZinbhXvIcnXn {]apJ\pw Hma\pamb
Da amXrI ]pcpj\mWv. 1606 s\m_nenbpsS t\XrXznemWv
a[pcanj {]h\w Bcw`npXv. ]noSv AXv Xangv\mSns
Xoc{]tZisfmgnsI Fm `mKfntepw hym]nnpIbpw
sNbvXp. Xoc{]tZi ]mWvUymcpsS Xem\\Kcnbpw Xangv
kwkvImcnsbpw `mjm]T\nsbpw kncmtI{hpambncpp.
1606 a[pcbnsenb s\m_nen Xangv `mjbpsS {]m[m\yw a\n
emn {]mtZinI Bibhn\nabw kpKaamphm\mbn Npcpnb Bdp
amkn\pn `mj kzmbamn. A`yhnZycmb aXtaemf
mcpambn Bibhn\nabw CXneqsS km[yambn.
Amev {InkvXob amKw ]dnIfpsS (t]mpKokpImcpsS)
amKambn Incp ImeambXn\m {InkvXym\nIv ]dnI
Fv hnfntcmbn. ImcWw ]dnIv XpSbmb Ipfntbm \\tbm
C, amndn `nph, aZyw Ignph, Xmgv PmXnmtcmSp
t]mepw bmsXmcp ktmNhpw IqSmsX kwkmcnph Fn
s\bmbncpp kwkmcw. Abnw AXyptImSnbn \np kab
ambncpXn\m anj {]h\ s\m_nensb kw_nnS
tmfw IodmapnXsbmbncpp.
Cenbnse {Xnb IpSpw_n ]nd hynsbv kzbw
]cnNbsSpnb s\m_nen kphntijoIcWns `mKambn
DXPmXn kwkvImcsf AmsS ]Iphm Xocpam\np.
AXn\mbn s\m_nen kzoIcn \bamWv kacksSp F
knmw. s\m_nen C{]Imcw ]dp; Hcp ]pXnb B[ymnI
Nnbpambn `mcXnsenb k\ymknbmWp Rm. Dsp \n
p ]ptcmlnX kaqlns A\phmZ{]Imcw Imjmb hkv{Xw
[cnv k\ymknbmIm\pw ayw, amwkw, ap, aZyw Fnh Dt]np
hm\pw kkymlmcw Ignm\pw Xocpam\nv ]mNIn\mbn Hcp
{_mWs\bpw \nbanp. 1607 Xs HutZymKnI hkv{Xw \on
k\ymkthjw kzoIcnv ]ptcmlnX kaqlnse kpJkuIcy
shSnv kzamsbmcp IpSn Xov AXntep Xmakw amn.
s\m_nenv Xangnepw XXzimkv{Xnepap AKm[]mWvUnXyw
P\s lTmZmIjnp.
s\m_nenbpsS BZyhnizmkn DXPmXnmc\mb sslh
A[ym]I\mbncpp. s\m_nen hnfnp Aen_v CtlamWv.
`mcXkwkvImcs kzmbampXn Hcp ]cn[nhsc s\m_nen
hnPbnp FpthWw ]dbm. ths]p \nevp kmaqlnI
hyhnXnIsf XpSbvmsX Hcp ]pXp{InkvXym\n F \nebn
{InkvXob hnizmkw {]ISnnmw FXmbncpp Nn.
]cnh\n\p hnt[bcmbhscsbmw Htc Iqmbvabn
\ne\nm s\m_nen {ianp. Hcp sNdpXqWv krjvSnv taemf
mscbpw Iogmfmscbpw Xn thXncnp. IqZmiIsfmw BZyw
taemfmpw ]ns Iogmfmpw \evInhp. Xncps\nbn
N\w sXmSpI, IpSpan [cnpI, BNmc]camb kv\m\w, ]qWq
Fnh kzoIcnm\pw Xocpam\np. AtXkabw av sslhm
Nmcsf \JinJmw FXnp. BNmc]camb hnhml,
ihkwkvImcw, s]m Dhw Fnh ss{IkvXhhXvIcnp.
IqSmsX {_mWhnhmlv Be]np Io\
{InkvXob hnizmknIp thn `mcXob cmKnepw Xmfnepw
NnsSpn {InkvXob BtLmjv sImgptIn.
Hcp sslh A`yhnZys\ a[pcbnshv BZyambn
Ipapnbtm Xm Ahew_n kphntijcoXn ckmhlambn
cpp. As s]mXphnizmkambncpp sslhv XfpsS
bYmthZw \jvSspt]mbn FXv. \mepthZ e`yambncps
nepw Cu Xn\v \jvSs AmwthZw Xm Isnsbpw
AXv kXythZamsWpw s\m_nen ]dp. AmwthZw tIm
\mbn At\I XfpsS ImXpI IqnXv s\m_nen Ahkcn
s\mv {]XnIcnXns êambncpp.
A\pcq]oIcWw F Bibw `mj ssIImcyw sNpXn
kzoIcn \bamWv. {InkvXob ssZhimkv{Xn\v ]pXnb]Z
\evIn Ahbvv {InkvXob am\w \evIn. t{Xfn \npw
e`np {]kmZw ssZhoI Zm\amb Ir]bmbnamdn.
sXepv ]WvUnX\mb inh[n \nmWv s\m_nen
kwkv I rXw ]TnXv . D]{ZhImcnbmbncp inh[ 1609
{Inkv X ym\nIfpsS D]Imcnbmbn amdn. {ItaW FXnpI
{]ISambn. Hcn Hcp {_mW ]dn Fp hnfnp ]cnlknp.
AXnep]cn FXnpmbXv {InkvXob kapZmbn\np Xs,
Xs ASp t_mkv Bv _njv s^Wmkv s\m_nenbpsS
{]h\ coXnsb tNmZyw sNpIbpw C\nta kv\m\w \Sphm
A\phZnpIbn Fv tdman \npw Ip ]pdsSphnphm
apssIsSpp. {][m\ImcWw {_mWmNmcfpw thjfpw
ss{IkvXhXvIcnpp FXp Xs. \o hmKzmZsmSphn
1623 {KnKdn 15ma ammbpsS hn[n s\m_nenv A\pIqeambn.
PmXnhyh shfnsSpp ASbmf D]tbmKnmw. asmcp
BNmcfpw ]mSn Fmbncpp hn[n.
s\m_nen {]h\w ap kwm\fntep hym]nnp.
tkXpawKew `cWm[nImcn Xncpae\mbns\ IpSpw_ambn
kv\m\sSpn. ^mZ Cm\pth amn 1625 s\m_nen
tbmsSmw tNcpIbpw BZn{ZmhnUmnSbn {]h\w
iampIbpw sNbvXp. 20,000 injymcp {ZmhnUt\bpw s\m_nen
kv\m\sSpn.
PmXnhyhIfpsS Imcyn Imcyamb kw`mh\I sNm
a[pcanj\v Ignn FXv hmkv X hw. Nne anj\dnam
{iansnepw taemfmcpsS iamb FXnv {]ISambXn\m
]I taemfmnSbnepw cm{Xn IogmfmnSbnepw {]hnp.
taemfmcpsS tNmZyw sN \nanw Cu coXn ê{]ZamInsv
t_m[yambn. AXpsImv IogvPmXnmcpsS CSbn {]hnm
Ahcn \np Xs Nne anj\dnam \ntbmKnsp. AhcmWv
]WvUmc kzmanI. ^mZ _mk UntmbmWv BZy
]WvUmc kzman.
cmjv{Sob kmlNcy \nanw {InkvXym\nIfpw anj\dnamcpw
IjvSsp. 1650 ]ptcmlnX hn`mKns {]h\w Pm^v\bn
Bcw`np. ]noSv ssaemqcntep t]mb s\m_nen 1659 79mw
hbkn CltemIhmkw shSnp.
`mcXkmlnXy imJbvv hnes AXp `mjm]pkvXI
km\n s\m_nen Xangn \nch[n cN\I \nlnnpv.
Ahbn NneXmWv m\D]tZiw, B\nWbw, A\
\nhmWw, Zpj\Zn{Law, ]p\m\ Bt]w Fnh.
B[p\nI {InkvXob kaqln\v s\m_nen Hcp
shphnfnXsbmWv. s\m_nensbtmsebmIm Fmhpw
Ignsp hcn. Fmepw Xm Xpdpsh ]mX A\pIcWo
bamWv. `mcXkwkvImcs Dsmm\pw `mcXobs\ t\Sm
`mcXob\mbn Xocm\pw Ignm \psS {]h\w hnPbnp.
{IobmIamb {]h\ sNm \apv Ignbs. ]mccy
hmZsf FXnpsImv kzXknssienbn Hcmmhns hne
apgptemItmfpw hnetbdnbXv (atmkv. 8:36) F NntbmsS
{]hnmw. êw XcpXv ssZhamWv.
20
Ip-n-I ssZh-cm-Py-ns app-I
temI-P-\-kw-Jy-bn 40% ]Xn-\mep hbkn Xmsg {]mb-ap
Ipn-I-fm-Wv. ssZh-cm-Py-n Chp m\w Fs tNmZy-
n\p ChnsS {]kn C. ImcWw, temI-nse hyXy aX-kw-
kvImc `mjm-ssh-hn-[y--fn Pohn-p Ch Akw-L-Sn-Xcpw \nc-
h[n Nqj-W - v hnt[-bc - p-am-Wv. {]p-_v[a - mb kml-Nc - y-f - n
hf-cp Chv {InkvXp-hns\ ]Ip-sIm-Sp-m-\p \psS ZuXyw
sNdp-X- .
Cy-bnse 50% Ipp-pw {]mY-anI hnZym-`ymkw e`n-p-
n-. temI-sa-mSpw 9 tImSn-bn-e-[nIw Ipp- hni-ns ]nSn-
bn-em-W.v H-ct- Im-Sn-tbmfw Ipn-I FbvUk v v tcmK-_m-[n-Xc
- m-W.v {]Xn-
hjw 10 Ipp- ssewKoI I-h-S-nsSp-p. Chn-sS-bmWv
ssZh-cm-Py-ns {]kn hn-p-X - v.
Ipn-I ssZh-cm-Py-n\p {]ob-s--h-cm-Wv.
ambn 19:14 tbip inip-f - psS ta ssIhv A\p-{K-lnp
Fp hmbn-p-p. temI-ns ]m]-n sRcn-a-cp ]np
_mey-v ssZh-ns BiohmZw Dm-tI-Xv Bh-iy-am-Wv.
atmkv 9:36,37 hmIy-f - n Hcp inip-hns\ FSpv Ah-cpsS CS-
bn \nn.... inip-sf ssIsm-p-h - Fs ssIsm-pp
FmWv tbip ]d-X - v. ssIsm-pI Fm BZ-cn-p-I, kzoI-
cn-pI Fsms A-ap-.v Xs ap]n \np Ipn ssZh-
cm-Py-ns ]uc-\m-sWp ]d-bp-tmXs Ipn-I ssZh-Zr-jvSn-
bn hne-bp--h-cm-sWv a\-n-em-mw. asmkv 10:13-15 tbip-
hns kv]i\w e`n-p-hm Ipn-Isf amXm-]n-Xm- sImp-h-cp-
-Xmbn ImWmw. Xnc-t-dnb ip{iqjm thf-I-fn Hgn-hm--s-Sp
_mey- ssZh-cm-Py-n\p hne-s-h - c
- m-W.v Ahsc XS-bc - pXv Fv
tbip ]d-bp-tm tbip-hn\v Ah-tcm-Sp kvt\lw F{X hep-Xm-
sWv ]d-tb-X - n-. Ipn-I `mhn-bpsS hmKvZm-\ - Fp ]dv
amn \nt--h-c-; {]Xyp-X, Cns temI-n\v Ahsc Bh-iy-
ap-sv Hmp-I. Hmtcm Ipnbpw apXn-hs - c-tmse _lp-am-\n--
s-tS-h- c
- m-sW-m-bn-cpp tbip-hns ]w.
amXm-]n-Xm-v ]pv
_me \St-p hgn-bn A`yknnt-Xv (k-Zr-iy. 22:6)
amXm-]n-Xm-f - psS IS-ab
- m-Wv. ssZh-hN- \ {]Imcw Ahsc D-ch- m-Zn-
Xz-t_m-[-ap--h-cmbn hf-Ww. Ah Fmw X\nsb ]Tn-p-
sImpw F [mcW A_--amWv. Ah-cpsS imco-cnI hf
kmIqXw t\mn-m-Wp amXm-]n-Xm- Ah-cpsS Aym-nI hnj-
b-f- nepw Kuc-h] - qw {in-W - w. AXn\v IpSpw_ {]m-\I
- fpw
thZ-]T- \
- hpw A\n-hm-cy-am-Wv.
{]mtZ-inI k`-I sNt-Xv
k` Ipn-Isf ssZh-cm-Py-tmSv ASp-n-m Cv Fv sNp-
p? BgvN-bn Hcp aWn-q-tdm, Ac-a-Wn-qtdm D kt-kvIq
am{Xw aXntbm? Bcm-[-\-bn Ipn-Ip tdm FmWv?
CsXms Kuc-ha - mbn Nnn-W
- w. {]kw-Kn-p-h
- Ipn-Ip-IqSn
a\-n-em-Ip `mj-bn kt-i- efn-X-am--Ww. k`m-tbm-K--
fn hcp Ipn-Isf kzmKXw ]d-bp-Ibpw ssZh-h-N-\-ns in
]Ip-sIm-Sp-p-Ibpw thWw.
Ipn-If
- psS ZuXyw
asmkv 10:1314 hmIy-f- n ImWpw t]mse inip-sf Fs
ASp- hcp-hm hnSp-hn Fp tbip ]d-bp-tm Ah X\nsb
tbip-hns ASp- hcs F Bi-bhpw {Kln-mw. Ah tbip-
hns ASp- hv cn--s-S-s. AXn\v apJm-n-c-ambn Xotc-
Xv amXm-]n-Xm-f
- pw k`bp-am-W.v C-sebpw Cpw Ftpw A\-
\y-\mb {InkvXp-hns\ Ahv Bh-iy-apv F t_m[-n-tev
Fpw hsc \mw ]cn-{iaw \S-n-sm-n-cn-W - w. A-s\-bm-bm
Ah m\-n hfcpw; imco-cn-I- a
- m-\k
- n-I- B-
- ob hf {]m]n-
pw. ssZh-Ir] Ah-tcm-sSmw Dm-Ipw.
Ah-km-\a - m-bn...
ssZh-cm-Py-ns al-mb A\p-`-h-mbn \mw Ipn-Isf
]cn-io-en-n-W- w. Zn\-{Xn thZ-hN
- \
-
- ]Ip sImSp-p-I. ssZh-
h-N\w Dn kw{K-lnp Ign-bp-tm Ahcpw ssZh-cmPyns
app-If - mbn am-s-Spw.

21
Iuamcw Icp-X-temsS
Iuamcw Cp t\cs Bcw`npp Fp tIm sRt-
Xn, AXmWp k-Xyw. ]v Iuam-cw (teenage) Fm 12 \pw 19
\pw CSbn {]mbaphcmbncpp. F-m Cs kmlNcyn-
se tlmtam hyXnbm\-- 912 hsc-bp ImeL-am-n
amnbncnpp. 8mw hb-n Iuamcw Bcw`np-p FXmWv
]pXnb Is- - . Cu {]mbnepw {]mb-n- Ihn IgnhpI
sXfnbn-pIbmWv Iuam-cw. ]v p`n-XcmIpXv bphXzam-bn-cps-
n CXv IuamcmcmWv.
{]iv\mcmIp Iuamcw:
Cs Iuamcmn-Sbn A{Iahpw ssewKnI ]o-U\fpw
kz`mh sshIey-fpw hnp hcpp. aoi apfbvm {]mbn
sN-bvXphbvp hn{InbI G-hsc-bpw sRnpXmWv. ]p
hbp-Imc _menI-sb ssewKoI ]oU\-n\nc-bmn sImp,
sslkvIq hnZymn kl]mTnsb arKo-bambn sImp, kzw k-
tlmZcnbpsS \-Nn{Xw Hm-sse\n {]knoIcnv Imip-mn...
Cs\ XpSpp Cs IuamcmcpsS ho- t cXnlm- k w.
]{Xamya-v CXv NqSp hmbmWv. apXnh t]mepw
sNm Adbvp Imcy Ch sNptm Ahsc AXn-\mbn
t{]cnnp kmlN-cysfpdnv \mw Kuch-tmsS NnnWw.
Iuamc-a\n\pn Xnfp adnbp- hnjbsfpdnv At\z-
jndnm- \mw sRntm-Ipw. ChnsSbmWv icnbmb t]cnwKv
Bhiyambncnp-Xv. Hcn, Cs Iuamcmcn
\smcp iX-am\hpw Hs PohnXw \bn-phcmWv. {]mbaph
am{Xap hon hfcph, amXm]nXmfpsS tPmenncv aqew
(hntZi-pamImw) IpnIsf {inm- IgnbmsX t]mIpXp-sImv,
hnp a\pam- b n PohnphcmWv . CXn\nsS DmIp
tlmtam hyXn-bm\-fpw Ahsc am\knI-ambn Xfpp.
icnbpw sXpw a\nemt {]mb-n {]tem`\ v hiw-
hZcmIp-Xv kzm`mhnIw. Cu {]tem`\sf AXnPohn-phm\p
Icpv \ t]cnwKv aqew km[nWw. hnthI ]qambn \nti-
fmWv ChnsS Bhiyw. icnbmb t_m[\w e`nm-Xp sImv
\XnIsf Ah ]conp t\mpI-bmWv. tdm tamUepIfm-
tI amXm]nXm-fpsS A-kmn[yw Ahsc amya--p
]nmse ]mbnpIbm-Wv. aphcpsS PohnXw kz-w Pohn-Xn
]Im Ah {ianp-Xpw CXpsIm-v Xs.
kvIq hnZym`ymkw k-mK-t_m[\n\v aXnbmIp-X. ]Tnp
anSpcmhpI FXn Ihnsm-pw Aym]I {inpns-
p ]dXv (Fmhcpa) AXnitbm-nb. ]T\-tm-sSmw
Aymn-I Nn-I \Ip t_m[\w IqSn e`nptmgmWv
shphn-fnIsf t\cnSm Iuamcw k-amIpXv. kzw cq]t-
bpw icoc {]IrXnsb-p-dnpap [mcWI cq]s-Sp {]mbw
IqSnbmWnXv. A[-at_m[w (Inferiority Complex) a\n \ndm
{i ]XdntmIpw.
amXm]nXm {intXv
1. IpnIfpambn kabw NnehgnpI.
ChnsS kabw Fptin-pXv KpW]camb kabw (Valuable
Time) Fp Xs-bmWv. Ahsc D]tZinp \-mmsa, Ahsc
ASp-dnbpI FXmWv {][m\w. AhcpsS ASp CcnpI;
Ahcn \npw tIpI, Npcpn Hcp kulr-Zmcow
hon DmIWw.
2. AXncpI CSpI
ASppw Nnbpaphcm- b n IpnIsf hfpI. Hcp
kp{]`mXn Ah \m-bntmfpw F Nn A_-amWv.
ioennpI. ]Tnp-Xn\pw Snhn ImWpXn\pap- kabn\v
\nb{W- hbvWw.
3. kplrpsf hnaincpXv
amXm]nXmsfm kplrpv hne Iev]n-phcmWv
Iuamcm. AXn\m \mw ]dbpsX-pw tIncnm Ah Xm-
dpa. IpnbpsS kulrZw icnb Fp tXmnbm AhtcmSv
Xpdp ]dbmw. ]s Ah NobmWv Fp ]dbcpXv.
4. icnbpw sXpw ]TnnpI.
{]Wbhpw ssewKoI B-{Klfpw s]mnapfbvp {]mbn
Ah ]conp t\mm Ahv B{Klap-mIpw. Fm Cu
hnIm-c sXmWv, ]m]amWv Fp ]dbpXn\p aps ]T\n\pw
PohnXn\pap- {]m[m\yamWv Ctm \tIXv Fhsc
a\n-emWw. imcocnI am\kn-Iambn kw`hnp hyXnbm-
\sfpdnv Ah \nb-ambpw AdnncnWw. \mw ]dbm
Adbvp ssewKo-I hnZym`ymkw `h\n \np Xs e`nm
\v.
5. amXrI amXm]nXm- XsbmIs
hgpw ap {]iv \ - f pap hon hfcm Ipn- I
CjvSsSmdn. AXn-\m A\pw Abpw Xnep kzct
Cmbva IpnIfpsS hynXzs hnIeammw. amXm]nXmfpsS
A`n{]mb-hyXymk IpnInS-bntev henngbvcpXv.
6. kzbw sXcsSp-m-\p Hm]vj \-IWw
IpnIv AhcptSXmb kz]v\fpv, eyfp-v, Hcp
tImgvkv sXcsSp-ptm AhcpsS CjvSw IqSn ap\nn
thWw Xocpam\saSpm.
7. s]IpnIsf {inpI
s]IpnIv Adnhm-bn XpSptmtg ssewKoI hnZym`ymkw
\IWw. kzw icocs kwcnm ]Tn- nWw"t\m'
]dtbXn-t\mSv iambn "t\m' ]dbm {]m]vXcmpI.
s]mXphmbn {intXv
Iw]yq s]mXpapdnbn Xs hbvpI: Ah tkv sNp
sskpI GsXm-s Fv ]cntim[npI.
IpnI kplrpfpam- b n FhnsSsbmw t]mIpp
FdnbpI.
s]IpnIfpsS icocL- S \bnse amsfpdnv A
\nbambpw Adnn-cnWw. Hmnnth HmnnWw.
BhiyanmsX ]Ww sImSpcpXv.
AhcpsS kz`mham {inWw.
BobXbn \npw A- h cpsS {i ampXv Fsm-
sbmsWv XncndnbWw.
IpnIfpsS AymnI hfbvv Fmhn[ t{]m-ml\fpw
\IWw.
thZ]T\w \n_am-Ww.
BoI Imcy Ign- v aXn apImcy Fh- s c
t_m[ysSppI.
Ifnbm th; t_m[-\w aXn.
samss_ t^m \-tIXv AXymhiy L-n am{Xw.
D]tbmKn\v t_knIv t^m aXn.
Iw]yq D]tbmKw ]T\ Bhiyp am{Xambn
]cnanXsSpWw. AXpw sUkvIvtSmv aXn.
ankvUv tImfpI Xncnp hnfnmXncnm ]Tnn-Ww. Hcp
tdmMv \scnepw {]XonncnphcpsS dqv tdmMv
thbnemWv t_m[ys-SpWw.
t^kv _pnt\mSp AanX Bthiw Cu {]mb-n th.
kqnv D]-tbmKnnsn \jvSamIp-Xv ]eXmWv.
IpnIfpsS InSpapdnbn Fn t\m. AhcpsS
kzImcyXbn CSs]ScpXv.
qSqv hn\mWv. AXphgn Aoe Nn{Xfpw satkPpIfpw
AbbvpXv IpIcamWv.
\ hkv{Xw (am\yamb) [cnm ]TnnpI. amdn h-cp ^mj
{SpIv ]n-msebp Hmw A]ISn-temWv.
s]mnsdnp Iuam-c{]mbn IcpXtemsS Pohnm\mbn
t{]cnnt {]mYanI DchmZnXzw amXm-]nXmv XsbmWv.
\nfn \nmWv Ah Ftmgpw ]TntXv. Iuam-cm
\hcmWv; DmlnI-fmWv. ]s, hgnsXnbm CXp t]mse
A]ISImcnI amcpan.

22
thWw am\ap bu\w
Cs bphP\sf Ghpw kzm[o\npXv am[yafmWv.
Cs\v , Iyq, Sn.hn, B\pImenI {]knoIcW
Chsbms tNv kzm[o\XbpsS s\phv irwJeXs
krjvSnpp. {]apJ \So\Sm, sken{_nI, kwKoX, Sn.hn.
AhXmcI, am[ya cwKs {]apJscms BIjnsSp
hcmWv. ]pkvXInse ]iphns\smv ]pp Xonp bph
kwkvImcamWv CpXv. A\pIcW {]obcmbn ]eXns\bpw
Aambn A\pIcnpp; aphsctmsebmIm {ianpp.
]etmgpw tamUepIfpsS Hcp hiw am{Xw honpXpsImv
sXntmIpp. A\pIcWns \XnIsfpdnp hnthIw
CmsX t]mIpIbmWv. ]pXnb IsepIpw ^mj\pIpw
]nmse t]mIp Chv ]g GmSpItfmSv hncnbmWv.
Bscmstbm BIWsaXmWv ChcpsS AanXamb B{Klw.
`mcXnse P\kwJybn aqnsemv 1535 {]mbaphcmWv.
tIcfn Hcp tImSn bphP\fpv. \ntj[nm Ignbm
A{X kzm[o\w bphkaqln\npv.
cmjv{Sn\v thWw bphmsf...
cmjv{Sns \nba \nmWn kp{][m\ ]p hlnm
bphmv AhImiapsXv {itbamWv. ]Tnpcpw ]T\w
Ignv tPmenbn {]thinhcpw ip` `mhnbvmbp XmsdSp
nemWv. amXrcmPys Ne\mIamm cmjv{Sns kp{][m\
hn`hamb bph kaqlw hfpsImncnpp. sshhn[y
kwkvImcn hfcp cmPynse bphP\v icnbmb
inWhpw am \ntihpw e`nv Da ]ucmcmn amtXv
`cW X{cpsS ISa IqSnbmWv. CXn amdnhcp
kmcpIpw KW\obamb ]pv . BtcmKyIcamb
hfbvpw PohnX hnPbn\pw Cv e`yamb Fm kmtXnI
hnZyIfpw A\ptbmPyamb \nebn D]tbmKsSpWw. Cs
hnZym`ymkw \msfbpsS shphnfnIp apn ]Ip
\nevmXncnm Icpv \evIpXmIWw.
tI{km tZiob bphP\ta \bw cq]oIcnnpv.
`cWLS\ hn`mh\w sNp eysf DbnnSnphm\pw
cmjv{Sns Ncn{X]chpw kmwkvImcnIhpamb ss]XrIn Ddp
\nm\pw, kzbw ]cym]vXambn Pohnphm\pw, \oXnbvpw
[mnIXbvpw apn s\phncnp \nm\pw, ]camh[n
hnZym`ymkw e`yamm\pw, hynXz hnIk\n\v Du
\Iphm\pw cmjv{Sns bphP\ta kwcw` {inWw.
temI kam[m\n\pw AtZiob _ insSpm\pw
bphkaqlw cwKndWw.
tI{km cq]oIcn ]XnbmWv cmPohv Kmn \mjW
Cnyqv Hm^v bqv Uhe]vsa v F kwLS\. ]cnioe\w,
hnhctiJcWw, KthjWw cmjv{Snse bphP\ kaqlhpambn
_s Fm ]XnIfpsS \nb{Ww XpSnbh Dti
eyamWv. bph\ncbpsS iamb aptn\v ]ptcmKa\mI
NnmKXn A\nhmcyw.
cq]sSpp am[ya
am[ya Hcp ]cn[nhsc \psS IpnIsfbpw bphP\sfbpw
cq]sSppp Fp ]dbmXncnphm Xcan. A`n{]mb
Xpdp ]dbm\p NI kwLSnnm\pw Hmtc ]ucsbpw
Bibfpw hnImcfpw shfnsSpm\pap am[ya ]v
hepXmWv . Adnhv FXnep]cn DX hnZym`ymkn\p
km[yXI Ch Nqnmpp. [mnIhpw BymnIhpamb
hf am[ya kzm[o\m cq]sSppv . CeIv t {SmWnIv
am[ya km[ImIambpw (positive)hyXykvXXbntep (nega-
\ntj[mIambpw{]bmWw
106
tive) bphXeapdsb kzm[o\nppv. cmjv{Snse
ASnas hn`mKns DmcWw, tZiob A`nam\w
DbnnSn, kmwkvImcnI ss]XrIs _lpam\n
XpSnbh am[ya kw`mh\bn sXmWv.
kzm[o\np am[ya
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ammsX Xncndnhns PohnXamn cq]mcsSpmw.

]pkvXIspdnp XmfpsS A`n{]mbw
XmsgmWp hnemkn FgpXpI
tPm ]n.tXmakv (sP.]n. shnpfw)

C/o imtcm s^tmjnv Nv
tasmgq ]n.H., ]\wXn 689 678
jpvennikulam@gmail.com

വ്യത്യസ്തതയിലേക്കുള്ള പ്രയാണം

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വ്യത്യസ്തതയിലേക്കുള്ള പ്രയാണം

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