ssPh sshhn[y DZym\w

`qanpw`mhnpw thn....
_n. B. kn. N\mtcn
BapJw
ssPh sshhn[y DZym\w
`qan-bpsS D]-cn-X-e-n Fhn-sS-sbms Poh\p \ne-\np-hm Ign-bptam
Ahn-sS-bp Poh-Pm-e--fpsS BsI XpI-bmWv ssPh ssh-hn[yw

a\p-jy\pw Npp-ap ]n-ar-Km-[n-I, kky eXm-[n-I, kqjva Pohn-

I Ch-sbmw Ds-Sp Bhmk hyh--bmWv ssPh sshhn-[yw. Pohs
Cu sshhn-[y-amWv `qansb ]-bmbn \ne-\np--Xv. AXn-\mbn ssPh sshhn-
[y-sf ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-p--Xn-\pw, Adn-bp--Xn-\pw, Ipn-Iv [mcm-f-ambn Ah-
k-c- Dm-I-Ww. ]pp-I-fpw, sNSn-I-fpw, hr--fpw, sNdp-Po-hn-I-fpw, ie-`-
-fpw, av Pp--fp-sams AS-p sshhn-[y-sf imkv{X ]T-\--fn-eqsS
\psS hnZym-e-b--fn Bhn-jvI-cn-pI F-XmWv ssPh sshhn[y ]mp-
I m]n-p--Xn-eqsS ey-an-Sp--Xv.

ssPh sshhn[y kwc--W-ns Bh-iy-IX Ipn-I-fn-te-s-n-p--

Xn-\mbn ss{]adn Icn-pew Ds-Spn k inm A`n-bm tIc-f-nse
Nne kvIqfp-I-fn ]co--Wmw Bcw-`n X\Xv ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn HmWv
ssPh sshhn[y DZym-\w.

ssPh sshhn[y DZym\w Fn\v?

\nco-W ]co--W--fn-eqsS imkv{Xob ]T\w Imcy--a-am-m

]t-{ob A\p-`-h--fn-eqsS imkv{X ]T-\-n KpW-ta Ddp
hcp-m
{]IrXn kvt\lhpw kwc-W at\m-`m-hhpw hfn, t{]mP-IvSp-I,
XpS{]-h-\- Fnh Gs-Sp-m Ipn-Isf {]m]vX-cm-m
mkv {]h-\- Imcy--a-am-m, kvIq ]cn-kcw BIj-Ihpw
{]IrXn ca-Wo-b-hp-am-m
Ipn-Iv t\cnp A\p-`hw e`y-am-Ip-p.
Aym-]-Iv ]tTm-t\m-]-I-c-W- Npp-]m-SnXs e`y-am-Ip-p.
Hmtcm Ipnpw ]T\ t\w Dd-m-m Bh-iy-amb ]T\ hkvXp-
]cn-k-c-p-Xs e`y-am-p-p.
]cn-nXn kwc-W {]h-\--fn Hmtcm Ipnbpw ]m-fn-bm-Ip-p.
]cn-nXn v {]h-\- A ]q-am-Ip-p.
hnZym-ebw Xs Hcp ]mT-]p-kvX-I-ambn amdp-p.
 hnhn-[-Xcw ssPh sshhn-[y-
ssPh sshhn-[y-ns Ie-h-d-bmWv tIcfw.

ImjnI taJ-e-bnse ssPh sshhn-[yw-.

ssPh sshhn-Zy-n {]m[m\yw Aln-p HmWv Huj[ kky-
.
ssPh sshhn-[y-n {it-b-amb m\w hln-p jUv]Z kaq-l-
amWv Nn{X-i-e-`-, Xpn-I, hp-I, tX\o--I. Ch ]e-bn\w
sNSn-I-fpsS ]cm-K-W-n\v klm-bnv ssPh sshhn[yw Ddp hcp-p--
Xn Gsd ]v hln-p-p.
Bhmk hyh--bnse {][a KW-\o-b-amb Hcp In-bmWv Ipn-s-Sn-I.
{]tXy-Inv tIc-f-n ImW-s-Sp Hcp Ipn-s-Sn-bmWv sN-c-n.
\qdn]cw sN-cn sshhn[yw Dv.
BIj-I-amb Ae-mc kky-
kky-k--ns asmcp LS-I-amWv h ac-
ssPh sshhn-[y-ns Bhmk Ie-h-d-bmWv Im-Sp-I
k--amb Hcp Bhmk hyh--bmWv Ipfw
{]Ir-Xn-bpsS hc-Zm-\--fmWv Imhp-I
apf-I ssPh k-ns kwc--W-n henb ]p hln-p-p.
Pe kwc-W {]h-\-pw, \Zo-XS kwc-W {]h-\-
pw Ch A\p-tbm-Py-am-Wv.
sshhn-[y-am Pp Pme-
\o-S--fnse sshhn[yw
sshhn-[y-am Pe Pohn-I
ap Poh-Pm-e-sftmse-s hnhn-[-bn\w ]n-I-fpsS sshhn[yw
Poh-Pm-e--fpsS kpK-a-amb hfbvv av Hcp AX-y-m-t]-n-X-amb
LS-I-am-Wv.

a\p-jys {]Ir-Xn-bn-te-p Aim-kv{Xo-b-amb kao-]\w ssPh kv

timj-W-n\v {][m\ Imc-W-am-Ip-p.

ssPh sshhn[y kwc--W-ns Bh-iy-IX Ipn-I-fn-te-s-n-p--

Xn-\mbn ss{]adn Icn-pew Ds-Spn k inm A`n-bm tIc-f-nse
Nne kvIqfp-If
- n ]co-W - n HmWv ssPh
- mw Bcw-`n X\Xv ]cn-]m-Sn-If
sshhn[y DZym-\w.
 ss{]adn Icn-pew hn\n-abw sNm ssPh sshhn[y DZym-\-
n-tev Bh-iy-amb kky- (C\w Xncnv \tS--h)

]qs-SnI Ipn-s-Sn-I
tdmkv am-cw
kqcy-Imn t_mssKhn
Pan \ymhw
IrjvW IncoSw sN-cn
sNn apkmU
Ce-ap-fn t{Im sNSn
sNp-ap Ae-mc ]\I
\nim-Kn tdmtUm sUt{Um
Acnq Acfn
\mep-a-Wn-sSn kpK--cm-P
]n-Iw--h-n-sSn shne
_ntKm-Wnb s]cp-Inew
Im\-hmg Idn-thv
t_mkw Dw
iwJp-]pjv]w sImtm, Imn
aWn-m v
Huj[ kky-
s]cp-Inew BS-tem-SIw
]\n-Iq sXmm-hmSn
Xp Imin-p
Fcpv Aac
Nn-arXv tatmn
Iogms\n apqn
hnjw sImn apb sNhn-b
hbv {_n
IpS- AcpX
Icnw-tm ]pfn-bm-dne
apdn-Iqn ] IdpI
Ipdp-tmn Akv{X-pv
Itmew iXm-thcn
shne \dp-\on
shne HXfw
ap Nnc
Cuv ajn-v

hr-
Cen IS-mhv
mhv tXv
_Zmw Iip-amhv
d Dw
Ac-Wa- cw HXfw
]n alm-KWn
IWn-sm hgW
PmXn Bcy-thv
sXv th

]g-hkky-
t]c ktm
amhv kvt{Sm_dn
dq-m hmg
]mb Bn
B koX-gw
a_dn mv s_dn
Nm s\n
k_Pn sNdp \mc
apncn ^mj {^qv
 ]--dn-Irjn
a Xn-a -
]b ]mh
]S-hew Ipfw
tImh a[p-c
- n-gv
Imn NXp-c - b-
Dcp-f
- n-gv Aa-c - b-
hgp-X\ apfIv
Xmfn I
Idn-th-ne Iq
Iymcv tN\
tNv shfp-pn
kthmf _ovdqv
ssakq Noc Xgp-Xma
apcn kmm Noc
Noc tImfn-^vfh -
Ipn-b- _okv
Aa-cbv I{Xn
an-sSn ISpIv
dmUnjv Imt_Pv
Ipcp-ap-fIv {Kmp
Gew Cn
a ae-bnn
Cn-am Iqh
Icnv s\v
tKmXv tNmfw
_men HmSvkv
ssIX Bp-ssIX

Pe-k-ky-
B ssl{Un
] Atkmf
]mb h- Xmac
]mTy ]Xn hn\n-a-bhpw ssPh sshhn[y DZym-\hpw
]T\ t\-

kky \nco--Ww, thcp ]S-ew, Ce, ]qhv, LS-\, ]cm-K-Ww,

Imbv, k-c-bn\w kky-

Snjyp I, eb-dnw-Kv, {Km^vSnw-Kv, _nw-Kv,

ssPh hfw, cmk-h-fw, CS hnf-I, hnf ]cy-b-\w,
k-c-bn-\w, Dev]m-Z-\w.

Bbpkv Ipd--h, Bbpkv IqSn-bh,

H--Sn, ]qp-p-h, ]qm-h,
Huj-[n-I, Ipn-s-Sn-I, Cg hf-fn-I
lrkz-Ime hnf-I, ZoL-Ime hnf-I

F-p-cp, ]--dn, [m\yw

Ingp h-, `y hnf-I

Xmbvthcp ]S-ew, \mcp-thcp ]Sew

[m\yw, shw, ]g-, ac-, ]n-I

bm{nI IoS \nb-{-Ww,
ssPh IoS \nb-{Ww
cmk IoS\min\n-I

ap kwc-Ww
ssPh then
Xp Xncn-

kam-c hn\ymkw , PmenI knc hn\ymkw

GI-_oP]{X kkyw, Zzn_oP]{X kkyw

thcv, Xv, Ce, Imbv

ImbnI {]P-\-\w, sseKnwI {]N-\\w
cm{Xn-bn Dd-p kky-, cm{Xn-bn hncn-bp ]q
 k--amb Hcp Bhmk hyh--bmWv Ipfw

Pe-Po-hn-I : Xh-f, Kn, Ba, ayw, Rv,

hmam-{In, Hv, ]mv
Pe kky- : ]mb h-, B,
Xmac, ssl{Un-, Atkmf

ssPh sshhn[y DZym-\-n Bh-iy-amb C\-

160- ]cw kky-

ie` ]mv
Ipfw,
]n-Iv kuIcyw Hcp-
sNdp ImSp-I
tX\o hf
Pe kwc-W am-
(a-g-sh kw`-c-Wn)
Pe-tk-N\ am-
ap kwc-W am-
Imns Zni Adn-bm-\p kwhn-[m\w
sXtam-ao- m]n-
ag--
amen\y kwkv-cWw
Itm-p-Ipgn
_tbm-Kymkv m v
]pI-bn-m ASp-p-I
sshth-dnbw
Hmn-tU-dnbw
t]mfn lukv
\ng LSn-Imcw
 ie` ]mv
ssPh sshhn-[y-n {it-b-amb m\w hln-p jUv]Z kaq-l-
amWv Nn{X-i-e-`-. Hcp Bhmk hyh--bn ie-`--fpsS kmn[yw B
e-ns {]tXy-I-X-sb-p-dn-p kqN-I-am-Ipp. \mw A[n-h-kn-p `qan
aen-\-am-Ip-tm-gpw, inYn-e-am-Ip-tmgpw ie-`--fpsS Fhpw sshhn-[yhpw Ipd-
bp-p.

Hcp {]tZ-i-ns ssPh sshhn[y taJ-esb B{i-bn-mWv ie-`--

fpsS kzm[o-\w. ie-`--fpsS sshhn-[yw, Blmc kkyw, cq]m--cW kky-
, s]cp-am coXn, kmc coXn, EXp-t`-Z--\p-k-cnv ie-`--fpsS kmn-
[y-n hcp amw, Nn{X-i-e-`-ns PohnX N{Iw Ch-sbmw B {]tZ-
is ssPh taJ-esb B{i-bn-m-Wv.

\apv Gsd kp]-cn-Nn-X-amb Nn{X-i-e-`--sf-p-dn-p Adnhv kaq-l-

n hfsc ]cn-an-X-am-Wv. Ah-bpsS C\- PohnX ssien, Blmc kkyw,
cq]m--cW kkyw, tZim-S\w Fo ]T-\w, ssPh aWvU-e-]-c-ambn XnIpw
{]k--am-Wv. ]pjv] ]cm-K-W-n-eqsS `qan-bpsS Xmfw \ne-\nm ]v hln-
p Nn{X ie-`- Fpw \psS Iqp-Im-c-I-s.

]q-sf-t]mse kp-c-amWv ie-`-. ]q-tfm-sSm--amWv ]qm--bpw.

ie-`--fpsS sshhn-[ys \ne-\np--Xn\pw Ahsb Xncn--dn-bp--Xn\pw
\apv Ign-tb--Xt? AXn\v Hmtcm ie-`-n-sbpw t]cpw, Ah-bpsS Blm-
c-hpw, emh-bpsS Blm-c-k-kyhpw Xncn--dnv Ah kvIq hf-n ]p ]nSn-
n-p-I. ]mv ]qn-bm-bm ie-`- Fn tX \pI-cm\pw Ah-bpsS
sNSn-I-fn ap-bn-Sm\pw XpS-pw.

mkv 3 hnd-Ip-I-I hoin hoin

mv 5 Pp hnti-j-

mv 6 ]qhn\nv ]qhn-tev

Nn{X-i-e-`-fpsS PohnX N{Iw

cq]m--cWw
kwc-Ww
 ssPh sshhn-[y-n ImW-s-Sp GXm\pw ie-`-fpw
Blmc kky-fpw (Feeding Plants)
cq]m--cW kky-fpw (Breeding Plants)

ie-`-

KcpU ie`w, \mp tdmkv, Nc ie-`w, \oe IpSp,

hnd-hm-e, hg\ ]qm, \mcImfn, \mcI ie-`w,
IrjvW ie`w, XIc apn, shn-e-tm-gn, sNm ie-`w,
\oe--Sp-h, a-]m-mn, Acfn ie-`w,

Blmc kky-

sN-c-n, am-cw, cmP-a-n, sXn

apkm-, IrjvW-In-coSw, Acn-q-s-Sn, kqcy-Im-n,
ko\n-b, s]cp-h-w, Nnchq-hv, a -X-Ic,
XI-c, I]q-hv, hmSm-ap-, iwJp]pjv]w,
Iyq-Wnv ] apX-em-bh

cq]m--cW kky-

\mc-Iw, ]mW, Kcp-U-sm-Sn, Ac-W-acw

An, sNIw, koX--gw, s]mX-Ic
N{I-X-Ic, hmI, sXv, IapIv
s\s-Sn, ^mj {^qv, apcn-v, apkm-,
Bh-ns] kky-, Fcn-v, \dp-\o-n,
sN-c-n, Inep-n, t]gv, Ce-ap-fn
]bh-n s] kky-, Ipdp-tm-n, Icn-th-ew,
IWn-sm-, cmP-an, ]p-a-Wn-sSn, sImSn-Xp
Ac-fn, Fcn-v, ]mW, sNdp-\m-cIw
Im hmg, Itm-ew, ]\n-q, thv
 0012002245689
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 ]cn-nXn ]co--W-ime Bkq-{XWw sNp-tm
{in-t Imcy-

kvIqfnse e kuIcyw t\mn thWw em_v {Iao-I-cn-t--Xv.

Ipn-Iv kzX-{-ambn \Spw Ccppw \nco-n-p--Xn\pw hnh-c-

ti-J-c-W-n-\p-ap kuI-cy- Dm-bn-cn--Ww.

Db-c-n hf-cp ac- em_ns hi--fn hf-Ww.

Fm kky-pw kqcy-{]-Imiw e`y-am--Ww.

XW Bh-iy-amb kky- AXm-Xp--e--fn \S-Ww.

Ipn-Iv ]cn-Nn-X-a-m kky--fpsS t]cp-I FgpXn hbv-Ww.

ag-am-]n-\n, \ngL-Sn-Im-cw, kutcm-]m-\-ep-I Ch Xpd-kmb e-

-fn Bbn-cn--Ww.

kvIqfnse aen-\-Pew {]tbm-P-\-s-Sp-p kwhn-[m\w Hcp--Ww.

ag-sh kw`-cWn, _tbm-Kymkv m v XpS-n-b-h-bn Bh-iy-amb tcJ-

s-Sp- \S--Ww.

\ne-hn-ep kky- \ne-\n-dp-p-hm {in--Ww.

s\v, tKmX-v, tNmfw, Dcp-f-n-g-v, Iymc-v, _ovdqv XpS-n-bh sNdnb

tmp-I-fn hfp-I.

_tbm ssUth-gvknn cPn- Xm-dm--Ww.

\in-p-t]m-Ip kky- hopw hv ]nSn-n--Ww.

hn-s-Sn-I, hnhn-[-bn\w sN-c-n-I, Fn-h-sImv ssPhthen

\nn-mw.

hnZym-e-b-ns ]e `mK--fn-embn kky- C\w Xncnv \p-

h-fp-I.
Nn{X-i-e-`-fpw ]qs-Sn-Ifpw
ssPthmZym\w