Tran Minh Thai - Bai Giang VC PDF

Mc lc
Trang
Bi 1: GII THIU CHUNG .................................................................. 2
1. M u ......................................................................................................... 2
2. Cc th vin lp trnh ca Windows ............................................................. 3
3. Cc khi nim c bn ................................................................................... 4
4. Lp trnh s kin (Even driven programming)............................................... 5
5. Cc thnh phn giao din ha (GUI) ....................................................... 6
6. Cu trc chng trnh C for Win................................................................. 10
7. Qui trnh hot ng ca chng trnh ng dng ........................................ 10
8. Mt s quy c t tn............................................................................... 11
9. V d ........................................................................................................... 11
10. Ti nguyn ca ng dng (Resources) ................................................... 18
11. Mt s kiu d liu mi ........................................................................... 19
12. Phn tch, tm hiu source code ca project ........................................... 19
Bi 2: PAINT V REPAINT................................................................. 24
1. Gii thiu .................................................................................................... 24
2. Tng quan v GDI (Graphics Device Interface) .......................................... 25
3. Mt s hm ha c s ........................................................................... 28
4. Kt lun....................................................................................................... 30
Bi 3: CC THIT B NHP LIU ...................................................... 31
U
1. Bn phm .................................................................................................... 31
2. Thit b chut .............................................................................................. 38
3. Timer........................................................................................................... 41
Bi 4: HP THOI V IU KHIN ................................................... 45
1. Hp thoi..................................................................................................... 45
2. Menu ........................................................................................................... 57
Bi 5: X L VN BN ...................................................................... 62
1. Hin th vn bn .......................................................................................... 62
2. nh dng vn bn ...................................................................................... 64
3. S dng font ............................................................................................... 65
Ti liu tham kho ............................................................................... 69
Bi 1:Gii thiu chung Trn Minh Thi
Bi 1: GII THIU CHUNG

Phn b thi lng:
- S tit ging lp: 6 tit
- S tit t hc nh: 6 tit
- S tit ci t chng trnh nh: 12 tit
1. M u
Cc ng dng ca Windows rt d s dng, nhng rt kh i vi ngi
to lp ra chng. t c tnh d dng i hi ngi lp trnh phi b
ra rt nhiu cng sc ci t.
Lp trnh trn Windows kh v phc tp hn nhiu so vi lp trnh trn
DOS. Tuy nhin lp trnh trn Windows s gii quyt c mt s vn
kh khn trong mi trng DOS nh xy dng giao din ngi dng, qun
l b nh o, c lp thit b vo ra, thm nhp Internet, kh nng chia s
ti nguyn, ...
Windows cung cp cc hm ngi lp trnh thm nhp cc c trng ca
h iu hnh gi l giao din lp trnh ng dng (Application Programming
Interface API). Nhng hm ny c t trong cc th vin lin kt ng
(Dynamic Link Library DLL). Cc chng trnh ng dng s dng chng
thng qua cc li gi hm v ch chia s c khi trong my c ci t
Windows.
Vi im khc bit gia lp trnh Windows v DOS:
Windows DOS
Lp trnh s kin, da vo thng ip
Thc hin tun t theo ch nh
(message)
Multi-tasking Single task
Multi-CPU Single CPU
Tch hp sn Multimedia Phi dng cc th vin Multimedia ring
H tr 32 bits hay hn na ng dng 16 bits
H tr nhiu cng ngh DLL, OLE,
Khng c
DDE, COM, OpenGL, DirectX,
Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win ...............................................................................................Trang 2/69

2. Cc th vin lp trnh ca Windows

SDK Software Development Kit
L b th vin lp trnh nn tng ca HH Windows.
Cung cp tt c cc cng c cn thit xy dng 1 ng dng trn
Windows.
c s dng nh l th vin c s to ra nhng th vin cao cp hn
trong nhng ngn ng lp trnh. VD: OWL ca BorlandC, MFC ca Visual
C++,
Mt s thnh phn c bn ca SDK:
Win32 API.
GDI/GDI+.
Windows Multimedia.
OpenGL.
DirectX.
COM/COM+.
ADO (ActiveX Data Object).
OLE DB.

(Xem thm MSDN/PlatForm SDK Documentation/Getting
started/Content of Platform SDK).
OWL Object Windows Library:
L b th vin hng i tng ca BorlandC++.
MFC Microsoft Foundation Classes:
L b th vin hng i tng ca Visual C++.
Mt ng dng trn Windows c th c vit bng:
Th vin SDK.
Mt th vin khc (OWL, MFC,) phi hp vi SDK.
Cc loi ng dng:
Win32 Console: ng dng 32 bits, vi giao din dng DOS command
line.

Win32 (SDK): ng dng 32 bits, ch s dng th vin SDK.

Win32 DLL: ng dng 32 bits, dng th vin lin kt ng (Dynamic
Linked Library), s dng SDK.
Win32 LIB: ng dng 32 bits, dng th vin lin kt tnh (Static
Linked Library).
MFC EXE: ng dng 32 bits, s dng th vin Microsoft Foundation
Class.
MFC DLL: ng dng 32 bits, dng th vin lin kt ng (Dynamic
Linked Library), s dng MFC.

3. Cc khi nim c bn
Message:
Trao i thng tin gia chng trnh ng dng v h iu hnh.
Th tc Window:
c gi bi h thng x l cc Message nhn c.
Hng i Message:
Mi chng trnh c 1 hng i Message cha cc Message. Mi
chng trnh c vng lp Message.
Handle:
Mt gi tr 32 bits khng du (unsigned) do HH to ra lm nh danh
cho mt i tng (ca s, file, vng nh, menu,).
ID (Identifier):
Mt gi tr nguyn do ng dng to ra lm nh danh cho 1 i tng
(menu item, control).
Instance:
Mt gi tr nguyn do HH to ra nh danh 1 th hin ang thc thi ca
ng dng.
Callback:
Thuc tnh ca 1 hm/ th tc s c gi bi HH, khng phi bi ng
dng.

4. Lp trnh s kin (Even driven programming)
Keyboard
Driver
USER.EXE
System
Queue
Mouse
Driver
Pht sinh cc s kin v thng ip
System Application
Queue Queue
Virtual Key & Scan code

GetMessage()
TranslateMessage()
Keyboard Device driver
DispatchMessage()
WindowProc()
DefWindowProc()
Qui trnh x l thng ip

MSG msg;
while(GetMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
return msg.wParam;
5. Cc thnh phn giao din ha (GUI)

GUI: Graphics User Interface.
Cc dng GUI c bn:
SDI Single Document Interface:
9 Mt ca s lm vic.
9 Cho php thay i kch thc ca s (Resizeable).
9 Khng c cc ca s con.
9 V d: NotePad, Paint,
MDI Multi Document Interface:

9 Mt ca s lm vic chnh (Frame window) v nhiu ca s con
(Child window).

9 Cho php thay i kch thc ca s (Resizeable).

9 Cho php Maximize/Minimize/Close cc ca s con.
9 V d: Word, Excel, VC++,
Dialog:
9 Mt ca s lm vic.
9 Thng c kch thc c nh.
9 Thng khng c menu bar.
9 Thng c cc button, edit box, list-box,
9 V d: Calculator, CD Player,

Ca s:
9 nh ngha:
L 1 vng ch nht trn mn hnh.
Dng hin th kt qu output.
V nhn cc input t ngi dng
9 Cng vic u tin ca 1 ng dng GUI l to 1 ca s lm vic.
9 Nguyn tc qun l:
M hnh phn cp: mi ca s u c 1 ca s cha (parent
window), ngoi tr ca s nn Desktop.
Ti mi thi im, ch c 1 ca s nhn input t user
(Active/Focused window).
9 Phn loi:
Ca s Desktop.
Ca s tiu chun.
Ca s hp thoi (Dialog box).
Cc control.
Desktop
Window
App
Window
Parent
Control Window
Child
Dialog Window
box

Window caption Minimized,

Window icon Title bar Restored,
Maximized button
menu bar
standard bar tool bar

scroll bar
Client area
status bar
Resized
border

6. Cu trc chng trnh C for Win

*.CPP file Resource file
(*.RES)
Compiler
Resource
Compiler
*.OBJ file
Definition file
(*.DEF)
Window Application
Linker (*.EXE, *.DLL)
Library file
(*.LIB)
7. Qui trnh hot ng ca chng trnh ng dng

Ca s c hin th ln mn hnh.
Windows ch ca s gi thng ip.
Cc thng ip c Windows gi tr li chng trnh ng dng thng qua
li gi hm ca chng trong chng trnh ng dng.
Khi nhn c thng ip, chng trnh ng dng gi cc hm API v hm
ca ring chng thc hin cng vic mong mun.
Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 10/69

Lp trnh trn Windows l lp trnh trn c s thng ip, qu trnh trao i

thng tin v iu khin da trn thng ip. C rt nhiu thng ip c pht
sinh ngu nhin nh nhn phm hay chut, chn menu, ...
Tng tc ca ng dng vi ngi s dng thng qua mt hay nhiu ca s,
to lp cc ca s khi cn thit v qun l thng tin trong .
8. Mt s quy c t tn
a. Tn hng
Ch ci vit hoa, nn phn loi cc hng theo nhm. Thng thng gm c
2 phn: Phn u l loi nhm v phn sau l tn hng. Loi nhm v tn
hng cch nhau bng du gch ni.
V d: WM_DESTROY (Hng ny c nh ngha trong windows.h, WM
cho ta bit hng DESTROY thuc nhm thng ip ca s Windows
Message)
b. Tn bin
Tn bin bt u bng k t thng cho bit kiu d liu.
V d: iTong cho bit bin Tong c kiu int.
Cc tin t thng dng khc: c(char), l (long), p (poiter), d (WORD), dw
(DWORD), h (ch s).
9. V d
Xy dng chng trnh hin th mt ca s nh sau:
Vi du mo dau
Lap trinh C for Win
1 #include <windows.h>
2 LRESULT CALLBACK XulyMessage (HWND,UNIT,WPARAM,LPARAM);
3 char szAppName [ ] = Vidu;

4 int WINAPI WinMain (HANDLE hInst, HANDLE hPrevInst,

5 LPSTR lpszCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
6 {
7 HWND hwnd; MSG msg;
8 WNDCLASSEX wndclass;
9 wndclass.cbSize = sizeof(wndclass);
10 wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
11 wndclass.lpfnWndProc = XulyMessage;
12 wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
13 wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
14 wndclass.hInstance = hInst;
15 wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
16 wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW);
17 wndclass.hbrBackground = GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH);
18 wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
19 wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName;
20 wndclass.hIconSm = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
21 RegisterClassEx(&wndclass);
22 hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName,
23 Vi du mo dau,
24 WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
25 CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
27 HWND_DESKTOP,
28 NULL,
29 hInst,
30 NULL);
31 ShowWindow (hwnd, nCmdShow);
32 UpdateWindow (hwnd);
33 while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
34 {
35 TranslateMessage (&msg);
36 DispatchMessage (&msg);
37 }
38 return msg.wParam;
39 }
40 LRESULT CALLBACK XulyMessage (HWND hwnd, UINT iMsg,
41 WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
42 {
43 HDC hdc;
44 PAINTSTRUCT ps;
45 RECT rect;
46 switch (iMsg)
47 {
48 case WM_PAINT:
49 hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps);

50 GetClientRect (hwnd, &rect);

51 DrawText (hdc, Lap trinh C for Win, -1, &rect,
52 DT_SINGLELINE | DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER);
53 EndPaint (hwnd, &ps);
54 break;
55 case WM_DESTROY:
56 PostQuitMessage(0);
57 break;
58 default:
59 return DefWindowProc (hwnd, iMsg, wParam, lParam);
60 }
61 return 0;
62 }
Ta s kho st v d trn nm c nguyn l hot ng ca chng. Trn
y l on chng trnh n gin trn Windows, chng trnh ch hin th 1
khung ca s v 1 dng ch nhng c rt nhiu lnh m c php rt kh nh.
Do vy, nguyn tc lp trnh trn Windows ch yu l sao chp v chnh sa
nhng ni cn thit da vo mt chng trnh mu c sn.
a. Hm WinMain() c thc hin u tin hay cn gi l im vo ca
chng trnh.
Ta thy hm ny c 4 tham s:
o hInst, hPrevinst: Ch s chng trnh khi chng ang chy. V
Windows l h iu hnh a nhim, c th c nhiu bn ca cng
mt chng trnh cng chy vo cng mt thi im nn phi qun
l cht ch chng. hInst l ch s bn chng trnh va khi ng,
hPrevinst l ch s ca bn c khi ng trc v chng
lun c gi tr NULL.
o lpszCmdLine: cha a ch u ca xu k t cc i s dng lnh.
o nCmdShow: Cho bit cch thc hin th ca s khi chng trnh
khi ng. Windows c th gn gi tr SW_SHOWNORMAL hay
SW_SHOWMINNOACTIVE.
Cc tham s trn do h iu hnh truyn vo.
nh ngha lp ca s v ng k vi Windows
o Lp ca s (window class):

L mt tp cc thuc tnh m HH Windows s dng lm khun

mu (template) khi to lp ca s.
Mi lp ca s c c trng bng 1 tn (class-name) dng
chui.
Phn loi class:
- Lp ca s ca h thng (System class):
c nh ngha trc bi HH Windows.
Cc ng dng khng th hy b.
Class Description
Button The class for a button
ComboBox The class for a combo box
Edit The class for an edit control
ListBox The class for a list box
The class for a MDI client
MDIClient
window
ScrollBar The class for a scroll bar
Static The class for a static control
- Lp ca s do ng dng nh ngha:
c ng k bi ng dng.
C th hy b khi khng cn s dng na.
Lp ton cc ca ng dng (Application global class).
Lp cc b ca ng dng (Application local class).
- Mi ca s u thuc mt lp xc nh.
o Khi ln u chy, ng dng phi nh ngha v ng k lp vi ca
s (Window Class). y l cu trc d liu m t tnh cht ca ca
s, ln lt ta gn cc gi tr ban u cho cc thnh phn ca cu
trc lp ca s, bao gm: Kch thc, kiu, a ch hm x l thng
ip ca s, nh ngha hnh dng cho con tr chut (cursor) v biu
tng (Icon), mu nn, tn lp ca s.
Macro Mu nn ca s

BLACK_BRUSH en
DKGRAY_BRUSH Xm en
HOLLOW_BRUSH Khng t
LTGRAY_BRUSH Xm nht
WHITE_BRUSH Trng
struct WNDCLASSEX {
UINT cbSize;
UINT style;
WNDPROC lpfnWndProc;
int cbClsExtra;
int cbWndExtra;
HINSTANCE hInstance;
HICON hIcon;
HCURSOR hCursor;
HBRUSH hbrBackground;
LPCTSTR lpszMenuName;
LPCTSTR lpszClassName;
HICON hIconSm;
};
o Sau khi nh ngha cc thnh phn lp ca s ta phi ng k lp
ca s vi h iu hnh (RegisterClassEX).
ATOM RegisterClassEx (CONST WNDCLASSEX *lpWClass);
vi: Kiu gi tr ca ATOM c nh ngha trong window.h l
WORD; lpWClass l con tr n cu trc lp ca s; hm ny tr v
ch s ca lp ca s.
o C hai nguyn nhn dn n vic ng k ca s tht bi:
Trng tn gia cc ng dng trong h iu hnh.
Khng b nh.
To lp ca s lm vic (Frame Window)

o Sau khi ng k thnh cng ta c th to lp ca s thng qua hm

CreateWindow().
HWND CreateWindow (
LPCSTR lpClassName,
LPCSTR lpWinName,
DWORD dwStyle,
int X, int Y,
int Width, int Height,
HWND hParent,
HMENU hMenu,
HINSTANCE hInst,
LPVOID lpszAdditional);
Kiu M t
WS_MAXIMIZEBOX Ca s c phm dn to trn thanh tiu
WS_MINIMIZEBOX Ca s c phm co nh trn thanh tiu
WS_OVERLAPPED Ca s maximize v khng c ca s cha
WS_SYSMENU Ca s c hp thc n h thng
WS_VSCROLL Ca s c thanh trt dc
WS_HSCROLL Ca s c thanh trt ngang
o Gi hm ShowWindow() hin th ca s
BOOL ShowWindow (HWND hwnd, int nShow);
vi: hwnd ch s ca s cn hin th.
nShow cch thc hin th ca ca s, tham s ny c nhn gi tr
ln u tin ca hm WinMain(), chng c th nhn cc gi tr sau:
Macro Cch thc hin th
SW_HIDE Du ca s
SW_MINIMIZE Thu nh ca s
SW_MAXIMIZE Phng to ca s ton mn hnh
SW_RESTORE Tr li kch thc thng thng

o thng bo cho ng dng bit l phi v li vng lm vic ca ca

s, ta phi gi hm UpdateWindow() yu cu Windows gi thng
ip n hm x l thng ip ca s.
Vng lp thng ip
o Khi nhn phm hay chut, Windows chuyn i s kin ny thnh
cc thng ip v t vo hng i thng ip. Vng lp thng ip
c nhim v nhn v x l cc thng ip trong hng i.
o TranslateMessage: Dch thng ip sang dng tiu chun.
o DispatchMessage: Phn phi thng ip n hm x l thng ip
tng ng.
b. Th tc x l thng ip
Nhn v x l thng ip ca chng trnh.
Mt chng trnh c th c nhiu th tc window.
Mt lp ca s s khai bo 1 th tc window.
Cc thng ip sau khi x l nn tr v gi tr 0.
Dng tng qut:
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(
HWND hWnd, //handle ca window nhn message
UINT message, //ID ca thng ip (tn thng ip)
WPARAM wParam, //thams th nht ca message (WORD)
LPARAM lParam) //thams th hai ca message (LONG)
{
switch (message)
{
case WM_COMMAND:
return 0;
case WM_PAINT:
return 0;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam,
lParam);
}
}
Thng ip WM_PAINT:
Cp nht li thng tin v trn mn hnh.

Cc trng thi xut hin thng ip WM_PAINT:

i. To ca s Hin th Cp nht
CreateWindow ShowWindow UpdateWindow
ii. Xut hin hp thoi (Dialog box), thng bo (Message box) lm che
mt phn hoc ton b ca s, khi cc hp thoi ny ng i th phi
gi WM_PAINT v li ca s.
iii. Khi thay i kch thc ca s
WS_HREDRAW | WS_VREDRAW
iv. Ca s ang minimize maximize
HDC: (Handle to a device context) ch n 1 ng cnh thit b gm thit
b phn cng v trnh iu khin thit b.
BeginPaint: Ly ng cnh thit b.
EndPaint: Gii phng ng cnh thit b.
Thng ip WM_DESTROY:
Xut hin khi ngi dng chn nt close trn ca s hoc nhn Alt+F4.
Nhim v PostQuitMessage t thng ip WM_QUIT vo hng i.
10. Ti nguyn ca ng dng (Resources)

L 1 i tng (object) c s dng trong ng dng (VD: menu bar,
dialog, bitmap, icon, cursor, ).
c nh ngha bn ngoi v c thm vo trong file thi hnh ca
ng dng khi bin dch (linking).
Cc dng resource:
Accelerator Bng m t phm tt (hot-key).
Bitmap nh bitmap.
Caret Con tr vn bn.
Cusor Con tr chut.
Dialog box Khung hp thoi.
Tp hp cc cu trc lu nh (picture) theo nh
Enhance metafile
dng c lp thit b (Device-Independent format).
Font Font ch.

Icon Biu tng.

Menu Menu.
String-table entry Bng m t cc chui k t.
Version information Bng m t thng tin phin bn.
11. Mt s kiu d liu mi

Stt Kiu d liu Ch thch
(nguyn khng du 16 bit) dng nh danh i tng
HWND : window
1 HANDLE
HMENU : menu
HCURSOR : cursor
2 HBRUSH (brush) mu t: solid, dash, dot, cross,
3 HPALLETE (pallete) bng mu
4 HFONT (font) Facename, size, style
5 HBITMAP bitmap
6 HICON icon
7 HPEN Nt v: solid, dot, dash, size, color
8 HINSTANCE Instance
9 HDC Device context
10 LTSTR (long pointer string) con tr n chui k t
WPARAM
11 (word) cc tham s i km message.
LPARAM
12 LRESULT (long) kiu tr v ca hm x l Message.
13 LPVOID Con tr n kiu d liu bt k.
12. Phn tch, tm hiu source code ca project

1 // bt1.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.
2 #include "stdafx.h"
3 #include "resource.h"
4 #define MAX_LOADSTRING 100
5 // Global Variables:
6 HINSTANCE hInst; // current instance
7 TCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text

8 TCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING];// The title bar text

9 // Foward declarations of functions included in this code module:
10 ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
11 BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
12 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
13 LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
14 int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
15 LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
16 {
17 // TODO: Place code here.
18 MSG msg;
19 HACCEL hAccelTable;
20 // Initialize global strings
21 LoadString(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING);
22 LoadString(hInstance, IDC_BT1, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING);
23 MyRegisterClass(hInstance);
24 // Perform application initialization:
25 if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow))
26 {
27 return FALSE;
28 }
29 hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDC_BT1);
30 // Main message loop:
31 while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
32 {
33 if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg))
34 {
35 TranslateMessage(&msg);
36 DispatchMessage(&msg);
37 }
38 }
39 return msg.wParam;
40 }
41 // FUNCTION: MyRegisterClass()
42 // PURPOSE: Registers the window class.
43 // COMMENTS:
44 // This function and its usage is only necessary if you want this code
45 // to be compatible with Win32 systems prior to the 'RegisterClassEx'
46 // function that was added to Windows 95. It is important to call this function
47 // so that the application will get 'well formed' small icons associated
48 // with it.
49 ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
50 {
51 WNDCLASSEX wcex;
52 wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
53 wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;

54 wcex.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc;
55 wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;
56 wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;
57 wcex.hInstance = hInstance;
58 wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_BT1);
59 wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
60 wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
61 wcex.lpszMenuName = (LPCSTR)IDC_BT1;
62 wcex.lpszClassName = szWindowClass;
63 wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance,(LPCTSTR)IDI_SMALL);
64 return RegisterClassEx(&wcex);
65 }
66 // FUNCTION: InitInstance(HANDLE, int)
67 // PURPOSE: Saves instance handle and creates main window
68 // COMMENTS:
69 // In this function, we save the instance handle in a global variable and
70 // create and display the main program window.
71 BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
72 {
73 HWND hWnd;
74 hInst = hInstance; // Store instance handle in our global variable
75 hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass,
76 szTitle,
77 WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
78 CW_USEDEFAULT,
79 0,
80 CW_USEDEFAULT,
81 0,
82 NULL,
83 NULL,
84 hInstance,
85 NULL);
86 if (!hWnd)
87 {
88 return FALSE;
89 }
90 ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
91 UpdateWindow(hWnd);
92 return TRUE;
93 }
94 // FUNCTION: WndProc(HWND, unsigned, WORD, LONG)
95 // PURPOSE: Processes messages for the main window.
96 // WM_COMMAND - process the application menu
97 // WM_PAINT - Paint the main window
98 // WM_DESTROY - post a quit message and return

99 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM

100 wParam, LPARAM lParam)
101 {
102 int wmId, wmEvent,x,y;
103 PAINTSTRUCT ps;
104 HDC hdc;
105 TCHAR szHello[MAX_LOADSTRING];
106 LoadString(hInst, IDS_HELLO, szHello, MAX_LOADSTRING);
107 switch (message)
108 {
109 case WM_COMMAND:
110 wmId = LOWORD(wParam);
111 wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam);
112 // Parse the menu selections:
113 switch (wmId)
114 {
115 case IDM_ABOUT:
116 DialogBox(hInst,(LPCTSTR)IDD_ABOUTBOX,
117 hWnd, (DLGPROC)About);
118 break;
119 case IDM_EXIT:
120 DestroyWindow(hWnd);
121 break;
122 default:
123 return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message,
124 wParam, lParam);
125 }
126 break;
127 case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
128 hdc = GetDC(hWnd);
129 // TODO: Add any drawing code here...
130 x=LOWORD(lParam);
131 y=HIWORD(lParam);
132 TextOut(hdc,x,y,(LPCTSTR)szHello, strlen(szHello));
133 break;
134 case WM_PAINT:
135 hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
136 // TODO: Add any drawing code here...
137 RECT rt;
138 GetClientRect(hWnd, &rt);
139 DrawText(hdc, szHello, strlen(szHello), &rt, DT_CENTER);
140 EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
141 break;
142 case WM_DESTROY:
143 PostQuitMessage(0); break;
144 default:

145 return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);

146 }
147 return 0;
148 }
149 // Mesage handler for about box.
150 LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam,
151 LPARAM lParam)
152 {
153 switch (message)
154 {
155 case WM_INITDIALOG: return TRUE;
156 case WM_COMMAND:
157 if (LOWORD(wParam)== IDOK||LOWORD(wParam)==
158 IDCANCEL)
159 {
160 EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam));return TRUE;
161 }
162 break;
163 }
164 return FALSE;
165 }

Bi 2:Paint v repaint Trn Minh Thi
Bi 2: PAINT V REPAINT
Phn b thi lng:
1. Gii thiu
Windows khng gi li nhng g chng hin th trn vng lm vic ca ca s,
cho nn chng trnh ng dng phi hin th ni dung ca s khi cn thit. V li
ni dung ca s khi:
Dng hm ScrollWindow: D liu hin th thay i cp nht li.
Hm InvalidateRect: Lm bt hp l 1 phn hay ton b vng lm vic.
Menu chng trnh bt xung lm che khut mt phn ca s.
Di chuyn chut, di chuyn icon.
Vng hnh ch nht hp l v bt hp l thng qua li gi hm
BOOL InvalidateRect(HWND hwnd, CONST RECT *lpRect, BOOL bErase);
vi: bErase = TRUE th t li nn, FALSE th gi nguyn.
Hm BeginPaint() s lm hp l li vng bt hp l.
Trong ca s cha PAINTSTRUCT, mc ch l s t hp li 2 hay nhiu
vng bt hp l chng ln nhau.
typedef struct tagPAINTSTRUCT
{
HDC hdc;
BOOL fErase;
RECT rcPaint;
BOOL fRestore;
BOOL flncUpdate;
BYTE rgReserved[32];
}PAINTSTRUCT;
TRUE: xo vng hnh ch nht bt hp l.
Vi: fErase = FALSE: Khng xo m ghi chng ln.
rcPaint cha to vng bt hp l.

typedef tagRECT
{
LONG left, top;
LONG right, bottom;
}RECT;
2. Tng quan v GDI (Graphics Device Interface)
ng dng Ng cnh Trnh iu Thit b

Windows thit b GDI khin thit b xut
a) Lm vic vi ng cnh thit b

hdc cha cc thng tin nn cn thit cho vic v ln mn hnh, t ng
giao tip vi phn cng.
C nhiu cch nhn v gii phng hdc.
o BeginPaint() v EndPaint() : Cp hm ny ch yu c dng trong
phn WM_PAINT.
HDC BeginPaint(HWND hwnd, LPPAINTSTRUCT lpPS);
BOOL EndPaint(HWND hWnd, CONST PAINTSTRUCT *lpPaint);
o GetDC() v ReleaseDC() : Khng lm hp l bt c vng bt hp l
no.
HDC GetDC(HWND hwnd);
int ReleaseDC(HWND hwnd, HDC hdc);
tr v TRUE nu gii phng c hdc.
Vic ly v gii phng hdc ch nn c tin hnh bn trong phn x l
1 message.
Ngoi ra, cn c th nhn v device context ca ton mn hnh bng
hm: hDC = CreateDC( "DISPLAY", NULL, NULL, NULL);
ly to v kch thc ca ca s lm vic ta dng hm
BOOL GetClientRect(HWND hWnd, LPRECT lpRect);
tr v gi tr khc khng nu thnh cng, ngc li tr v 0.
Hin th s ln mn hnh
wsprintf(s, %d + %d= %d, a, b, a+b);
TextOut(hdc, x, y, s, wsprintf());
b) Ch nh x

V tr hin th k t TextOut() l ta tng i trong ca s (ta

logic).
Windows s nh x n v ny thnh pixel khi hin th k t.
ch mc nh ta logic pixel.
c) M hnh mu RGB (Red Green Blue)
Byte 3 Byte 2 Byte 1 Byte 0
0 Blue Green Red
C gi tr t 0 255
(0, 0, 0) en (255, 255, 255) trng
Cc hm API lin quan n mu u s dng m hnh RGB.
nh ngha mu COLORREF RGB (int red, int green, int blue).
V d 1 : V hnh ch nht
HDC hDC;
HPEN hPen, oldHPen;
hDC=GetDC(hWnd);
hPen=CreatePen(PS_SOLID, 5, RGB(0, 0, 255));
oldHPen=(HPEN)SelectObject(hDC, hPen);
Rectangle(hDC, 20, 20, 100, 100);
SelectObject(hDC, oldHPen);
DeleteObject(hPen);
ReleaseDC(hWnd, hDC);
d) To lp v gii phng memory device context
Memory device context (MDC) l mt device context o khng gn vi
mt thit b xut c th no. Mun kt qu kt xut ra thit b vt l ta
phi chp MDC ln mt device context tht s(device context c lin
kt vi thit b vt l). MDC thng c dng nh mt device context
trung gian v trc khi thc s xut ra thit b, nhm gim s chp
git nu thit b xut l window hay mn hnh.
to MDC tng thch vi mt hDC c th, s dng hm
CreateCompatibleDC:
HDC hMemDC;
hMemDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hDC);
n gin hn, c th t NULL vo v tr hDC, Windows s to mt
device context tng thch vi mn hnh.

Hy MDC bng hm DeleteDC.

MDC c b mt hin th nh mt thit b tht. Tuy nhin, b mt hin
th ny lc u rt nh, ch l mt pixel n sc. Khng th lm g vi
mt b mt hin th ch gm 1 bit nh vy. Do cn lm cho b mt
hin th ny rng hn bng cch chn mt i tng bitmap GDI vo
MDC:
SelectObject(hMemDC, hBitmap);
Ch c th chn i tng bitmap vo MDC, khng th chn vo mt
device context c th c.
Sau khi chn mt i tng bitmap cho MDC, c th dng MDC nh
mt device context tht s.
Sau khi c hon tt trong MDC, nh c a ra device context tht
s bng hm BitBlt:
BitBlt(hDC, xDest, yDest, nWidth, nHeight, hMemDC, xSource,
ySource);
V d : Chun b nh trc khi a ra mn hnh, trnh gy chp mn
hnh trong thng ip WM_PAINT.
case WM_PAINT:
hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
// Ly v kch thc vng client ca ca s hin hnh
RECT rect;
GetClientRect(hWnd, &rect);
// To MDC tng thch vi DC ca ca s
HDC hMemDC;
hMemDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
// Chn mt i tng bitmap m rng vng hin th cho MDC
HBITMAP bitmap,oBitmap;
bitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc, rect.right, rect.bottom);
oBitmap = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hMemDC, bitmap);
// V li nn MDC
FillRect(hMemDC, &rect, HBRUSH (GetBkColor(hMemDC)));
// Xut hnh nh, text ra MDC
SetPixel(hMemDC, 0, 0, RGB(255,0,0));
MoveToEx(hMemDC, 50, 50, NULL);
LineTo(hMemDC, 100, 100);
Rectangle(hMemDC, 10, 10, 100, 100);
TextOut(hMemDC, 15 ,15, "Testing MDC", 11);

If (!BitBlt(hdc, 0, 0, rect.right, rect.bottom, hMemDC, 0, 0,

SRCCOPY))
MessageBox(hWnd, "Failed to transfer bit block", "Error",MB_OK);
// Phc hi li bitmap c cho MDC
SelectObject(hMemDC, oBitmap);
// Gii phng MDC, bitmap to
DeleteDC(hMemDC);
DeleteObject(bitmap);
EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
break;
3. Mt s hm ha c s
a) Nhm hm v
COLORREF GetPixel(HDC hDC, int nXPos, int nYPos);
Ly v gi tr mu ti v tr (nXPos, nYPos) ca hDC, tr v -1 nu im
ny nm ngoi vng hin th.
COLORREF SetPixel(HDC hDC, int nXPos, int nYPos,
COLORREF clrRef);
V mt im mu clrRef ti v tr (nXPos, nYPos) ln hDC. Gi tr tr
v l mu ca im (nXPos, nYPos) hoc -1 nu im ny nm ngoi
vng hin th.
DWORD MoveToEx(HDC hDC, int x, int y);
Di chuyn bt v n ta (x, y) trn hDC. Gi tr tr v l ta c
ca bt v, x = LOWORD, y = HIWORD.
BOOL LineTo(HDC hDC, int xEnd, int yEnd);
V on thng t v tr hin hnh n v tr (xEnd, yEnd) trn hDC.
Hm tr v TRUE nu thnh cng, FALSE nu tht bi.
BOOL Polyline(HDC hDC, const POINT FAR *lpPoints, int
nPoints);
V ng gp khc ln hDC bng cc on thng lin tip, s nh l
nPoints vi ta cc nh c xc nh trong lpPoints. Hm tr v
TRUE nu thnh cng, FALSE nu tht bi.
BOOL Polygon(HDC hDC, const POINT FAR *lpPoints, int
nPoints);
V a gic c nPoints nh, ta cc nh c xc nh bi lpPoints.
Hm tr v TRUE nu thnh cng, FALSE nu tht bi.

BOOL Rectangle(HDC hDC, int left, int top, int right, int bottom);
V hnh ch nht c ta l left, top, right, bottom ln hDC.
HPEN CreatePen(int penStyle, int penWidth, COLORREF
penColor);
To bt v c kiu penStyle, dy nt v l penWidth, mu penColor.
Hm tr v handle ca bt v nu thnh cng v tr v NULL nu tht
bi. Cc gi tr ca penStyle nh sau :
Gi tr Gii thch
PS_SOLID
PS_DASH
PS_DOT
PS_DASHDOT
PS_DASHDOTDOT
PS_NULL Khng hin th
PS_INSIDEFRAME
Cc kiu bt v penStyle
V d : To bt v mi v dng bt v ny v mt s ng c s.
HDC hDC;
POINT PointArr[3];
HPEN hPen, hOldPen;
hDC = GetDC(hWnd);
PointArr[0].x = 50;
PointArr[0].y = 10;
PointArr[1].x = 250;
PointArr[1].y = 50;
PointArr[2].x = 125;
PointArr[2].y = 130;
Polyline(hDC, PointArr, 3);
hPen = (HPEN)CreatePen(PS_SOLID, 1, RGB(0, 0, 255));
hOldPen = SelectObject(hDC, hPen);
MoveToEx(hDC, 100, 100, NULL);
LineTo(hDC, 200, 150);
SelectObject(hDC, hOldPen);
DeleteObject(hPen);
b) Nhm hm min
HBRUSH CreateSolidBrush(COLORREF cRef);
To mu t c vi mu cRef.

HBRUSH CreateHatchBrush(int bStyle, COLORREF cRef);

To mu t dng li kiu bStyle vi mu cRef.
Cc kiu bStyle :
HS_HORIZONTAL HS_BDIAGONAL
HS_VERTICAL HS_CROSS
HS_FDIAGONAL HS_DIAGCROSS
BOOL FloodFill(HDC hDC, int xStart, int yStart, COLORREF
cRef);
T mu mt vng kn, mu ng bin l cRef.
BOOL ExtFloodFill(HDC hDC, int xStart, int yStart, COLORREF
cRef, UINT fillStyle);
T mu mt vng kn, fillStyle quyt nh cch t :
o FLOODFILLBORDER : T mu vng c mu ng bin l cRef.
o FLOODFILLSURFACE : T vng c mu cRef.
V d : S dng cc mu c sn v to cc mu t mi t.
HDC hDC;
HPEN hPen;
HBRUSH hBrush, hOldBrush;
hDC = GetDC(hWnd);
//V hai hnh ch nht vi bt v Black
hPen = (HPEN)GetStockObject(BLACK_PEN);
SelectObject(hDC, hPen);
Rectangle(hDC, 10, 10, 50, 50);
Rectangle(hDC, 100, 100, 200, 200);
// Dng mt trong cc mu t c sn t hnh
hBrush = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH);
SelectObject(hDC, hBrush);
FloodFill(hDC, 30, 30, RGB(0,0,255));
// To mu t mi t hnh th hai
hBrush = (HBRUSH)CreateHatchBrush(HS_DIAGCROSS, RGB(0,
255, 255));
hOldBrush = (HBRUSH)SelectObject(hDC, hBrush);
FloodFill(hDC, 150, 150, RGB(0, 0, 0));
SelectObject(hDC, hOldBrush);
//Xa mu t v gii phng hDC
DeleteObject(hBrush);
4. Kt lun
WM_PAINT l message c u tin thp. Khi WM_PAINT trong hng ch v
c mt s Window Message khc th Windows x l WM khc ri mi x l
WM_PAINT.

Bi 3:Cc thit b nhp liu Trn Minh Thi
Bi 3: CC THIT B NHP LIU

Phn b thi lng:
1. Bn phm
a. Chng trnh iu khin bn phm (Keyboard.drv)
Windows c np Keyboard.drv khi khi ng v x l phm. Sau
keyboard.drv chuyn cho USER bin phm nhn thnh message v a
vo hng i (Hng i h thng v hng i chng trnh).
b. Ca s c focus
Khi ca s c focus th pht sinh thng ip WM_SETFOCUS.
Ngc li pht sinh WM_KILLFOCUS.
c. Thng ip phm
MSG msg;
while(GetMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0))
{
}
Thng ip Nguyn nhn pht sinh
WM_ACTIVATE Thng ip ny cng c gi n cc ca s b

kch hot v ca s khng b kch hot. Nu cc
ca s ny cng mt hng i nhp liu, cc
thng ip ny s c truyn mt cch ng
b, u tin th tc Windows ca ca s trn
cng b mt kch hot, sau n th tc ca
ca s trn cng c kch hot. Nu cc ca s
ny khng nm trong cng mt hng i th
thng ip s c gi mt cch khng ng b,
do ca s s c kch hot ngay lp tc.
WM_APPCOMMAND Thng bo n ca s rng ngi dng to

mt s kin lnh ng dng, v d khi ngi dng
kch vo button s dng chut hay nh vo mt
k t kch hot mt lnh ca ng dng.

WM_CHAR Thng ip ny c gi ti ca s c s quan

tm khi thng ip WM_KEYDOWN c
dch t hm TranslateMessage. Thng ip
WM_CHAR c cha m k t ca phm c
nhn.
WM_DEADCHAR Thng ip ny c gi ti ca s c s quan

tm khi thng ip WM_KEYUP c x l
t hm TranslateMessage. Thng ip ny xc
nhn m k t khi mt phm dead key c
nhn. Phm dead key l phm kt hp to ra k
t ngn ng khng c trong ting anh (xut hin
trong bn phm h tr ngn ng khc ting
Anh).
WM_GETHOTKEY ng dng gi thng ip ny xc nh mt

phm nng lin quan n mt ca s. gi
thng ip ny th dng hm SendMessage.
WM_HOTKEY Thng ip ny c gi khi ngi dng nhn

mt phm nng c ng k trong
RegisterHotKey.
WM_KEYDOWN Thng ip ny c gi cho ca s nhn c

s quan tm khi ngi dng nhn mt phm trn
bn phm. Phm ny khng phi phm h thng
(Phm khng c nhn phm Alt).
Thng ip ny c gi cho ca s nhn c

WM_KEYUP s quan tm khi ngi dng nh mt phm
c nhn trc .Phm ny khng phi phm
h thng (Phm khng c nhn phm Alt).
WM_KILLFOCUS Thng ip ny c gi ti ca s ang nhn

c s quan tm trc khi n mt quyn ny.
WM_SETFOCUS Thng ip ny c gi ti ca s sau khi ca

s nhn c s quan tm ca Windows
WM_SETHOTKEY ng dng s gi thng ip ny n ca s lin

quan n phm nng, khi ngi dng nhn mt
phm nng th ca s tng ng lin quan ti
phm nng ny s c kch hot.
WM_SYSCHAR Thng ip ny s c gi ti ca s nhn

c s quan tm khi hm TranslateMesage x
l xong thng ip WM_SYSKEYDOWN.

Thng ip WM_SYSCHAR cha m ca phm

h thng. Phm h thng l phm c cha phm
Alt v t hp phm khc.
WM_SYSDEADCHAR Thng ip ny c gi ti ca s nhn c

s quan tm khi mt thng ip
WM_SYSKEYDOWN c bin dch trong
hm TranslateMessage. Thng ip ny xc
nhn m k t ca phm h thng deadkey c
nhn.
WM_SYSKEYDOWN Thng ip ny c gi ti ca s nhn c

s quan tm khi ngi dng nhn phm h
thng.
d. V d
1 #define BUFSIZE 65535
2 #define SHIFTED 0x8000
3
4 LONG APIENTRY MainWndProc(HWND hwndMain, UINT uMsg,
6 {
7 HDC hdc; // handle to device context
8 TEXTMETRIC tm; // structure for text metrics
9 static DWORD dwCharX; // average width of characters
10 static DWORD dwCharY; // height of characters
11 static DWORD dwClientX; // width of client area
12 static DWORD dwClientY; // height of client area
13 static DWORD dwLineLen; // line length
14 static DWORD dwLines; // text lines in client area
15 static int nCaretPosX = 0; // horizontal position of caret
16 static int nCaretPosY = 0; // vertical position of caret
17 static int nCharWidth = 0; // width of a character
18 static int cch = 0; // characters in buffer
19 static int nCurChar = 0; // index of current character
20 static PTCHAR pchInputBuf; // input buffer
21 int i, j; // loop counters
22 int cCR = 0; // count of carriage returns
23 int nCRIndex = 0; // index of last carriage return
24 int nVirtKey; // virtual-key code
25 TCHAR szBuf[128]; // temporary buffer
26 TCHAR ch; // current character
27 PAINTSTRUCT ps; // required by BeginPaint
28 RECT rc; // output rectangle for DrawText
29 SIZE sz; // string dimensions
30 COLORREF crPrevText; // previous text color

31 COLORREF crPrevBk; // previous background color

32 switch (uMsg)
33 {
34 case WM_CREATE:
35 // Get the metrics of the current font.
36 hdc = GetDC(hwndMain);
37 GetTextMetrics(hdc, &tm);
38 ReleaseDC(hwndMain, hdc);
39 // Save the average character width and height.
40 dwCharX = tm.tmAveCharWidth;
41 dwCharY = tm.tmHeight;
42 // Allocate a buffer to store keyboard input.
43 pchInputBuf = (LPTSTR) GlobalAlloc(GPTR,
44 BUFSIZE * sizeof(TCHAR));
45 return 0;
46 case WM_SIZE:
47 // Save the new width and height of the client area.
48 dwClientX = LOWORD(lParam);
49 dwClientY = HIWORD(lParam);
50 // Calculate the maximum width of a line and the
51 // maximum number of lines in the client area.
52 dwLineLen = dwClientX - dwCharX;
53 dwLines = dwClientY / dwCharY;
54 break;
55 case WM_SETFOCUS:
56 // Create, position, and display the caret when the
57 // window receives the keyboard focus.
58 CreateCaret(hwndMain, (HBITMAP) 1, 0, dwCharY);
59 SetCaretPos(nCaretPosX, nCaretPosY * dwCharY);
60 ShowCaret(hwndMain);
61 break;
62 case WM_KILLFOCUS:
63 // Hide and destroy the caret when the window loses the
64 // keyboard focus.
65 HideCaret(hwndMain);
66 DestroyCaret();
67 break;
68 case WM_CHAR:
69 switch (wParam)
70 {
71 case 0x08: // backspace
72 case 0x0A: // linefeed
73 case 0x1B: // escape
74 MessageBeep((UINT) -1);
75 return 0;
76 case 0x09: // tab

77 // Convert tabs to four consecutive spaces.

78 for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
79 SendMessage(hwndMain, WM_CHAR, 0x20, 0);
80 return 0;
81 case 0x0D: // carriage return
82 // Record the carriage return and position the
83 // caret at the beginning of the new line.
84 pchInputBuf[cch++] = 0x0D;
85 nCaretPosX = 0;
86 nCaretPosY += 1;
87 break;
88 default: // displayable character
89 ch = (TCHAR) wParam;
91 // Retrieve the character's width and output
92 // the character.
94 GetCharWidth32(hdc, (UINT) wParam, (UINT) wParam,
95 &nCharWidth);
96 TextOut(hdc, nCaretPosX, nCaretPosY * dwCharY,
97 &ch, 1);
99 // Store the character in the buffer.
100 pchInputBuf[cch++] = ch;
101 // Calculate the new horizontal position of the
102 // caret. If the position exceeds the maximum,
103 // insert a carriage return and move the caret
104 // to the beginning of the next line.
105 nCaretPosX += nCharWidth;
106 if ((DWORD) nCaretPosX > dwLineLen)
107 {
108 nCaretPosX = 0;
109 pchInputBuf[cch++] = 0x0D;
110 ++nCaretPosY;
111 }
112 nCurChar = cch;
114 break;
115 }
117 break;
118 case WM_KEYDOWN:
119 switch (wParam)
120 {
121 case VK_LEFT: // LEFT ARROW
122 // The caret can move only to the beginning of

123 // the current line.

124 if (nCaretPosX > 0)
125 {
127 // Retrieve the character to the left of
128 // the caret, calculate the character's
129 // width, then subtract the width from the
130 // current horizontal position of the caret
131 // to obtain the new position.
132 ch = pchInputBuf[--nCurChar];
134 GetCharWidth32(hdc, ch, ch, &nCharWidth);
136 nCaretPosX = max(nCaretPosX - nCharWidth, 0);
138 }
139 break;
140 case VK_RIGHT: // RIGHT ARROW
141 // Caret moves to the right or, when a carriage
142 // return is encountered, to the beginning of
143 // the next line.
144 if (nCurChar < cch)
145 {
147 // Retrieve the character to the right of
148 // the caret. If it's a carriage return,
149 // position the caret at the beginning of
150 // the next line.
151 ch = pchInputBuf[nCurChar];
152 if (ch == 0x0D)
153 {
154 nCaretPosX = 0;
155 nCaretPosY++;
156 }
157 // If the character isn't a carriage
158 // return, check to see whether the SHIFT
159 // key is down. If it is, invert the text
160 // colors and output the character.
161 else
162 {
164 nVirtKey = GetKeyState(VK_SHIFT);
165 if (nVirtKey & SHIFTED)
166 {
167 crPrevText = SetTextColor(hdc,
168 RGB(255, 255, 255));

169 crPrevBk = SetBkColor(hdc,

170 RGB(0,0,0));
171 TextOut(hdc, nCaretPosX,
172 nCaretPosY * dwCharY,
173 &ch, 1);
174 SetTextColor(hdc, crPrevText);
175 SetBkColor(hdc, crPrevBk);
176 }
177 // Get the width of the character and
178 // calculate the new horizontal position of the caret.
179 GetCharWidth32(hdc, ch, ch, &nCharWidth);
181 nCaretPosX = nCaretPosX + nCharWidth;
182 }
183 nCurChar++;
185 break;
186 }
187 break;
188 case VK_UP: // UP ARROW
189 case VK_DOWN: // DOWN ARROW
190 MessageBeep((UINT) -1);
191 return 0;
192 case VK_HOME: // HOME
193 // Set the caret's position to the upper left
194 // corner of the client area.
195 nCaretPosX = nCaretPosY = 0;
196 nCurChar = 0;
197 break;
198 case VK_END: // END
199 // Move the caret to the end of the text.
200 for (i=0; i < cch; i++)
201 {
202 // Count the carriage returns and save the
203 // index of the last one.
204 if (pchInputBuf[i] == 0x0D)
205 {
206 cCR++;
207 nCRIndex = i + 1;
208 }
209 }
210 nCaretPosY = cCR;
211
212 // Copy all text between the last carriage
213 // return and the end of the keyboard input
214 // buffer to a temporary buffer.

215 for (i = nCRIndex, j = 0; i < cch; i++, j++)

216 szBuf[j] = pchInputBuf[i];
217 szBuf[j] = TEXT('\0');
218 // Retrieve the text extent and use it
219 // to set the horizontal position of the
220 // caret.
222 GetTextExtentPoint32(hdc, szBuf, lstrlen(szBuf), &sz);
223 nCaretPosX = sz.cx;
225 nCurChar = cch;
226 break;
227 default:
228 break;
229 }
231 break;
232 case WM_PAINT:
233 if (cch == 0) // nothing in input buffer
234 break;
235 hdc = BeginPaint(hwndMain, &ps);
237 // Set the clipping rectangle, and then draw the text
238 // into it.
239 SetRect(&rc, 0, 0, dwLineLen, dwClientY);
240 DrawText(hdc, pchInputBuf, -1, &rc, DT_LEFT);
242 EndPaint(hwndMain, &ps);
243 break;
244 // Process other messages.
246 PostQuitMessage(0);
247 // Free the input buffer.
248 GlobalFree((HGLOBAL) pchInputBuf);
249 UnregisterHotKey(hwndMain, 0xAAAA);
250 break;
251 default:
252 return DefWindowProc(hwndMain, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
253 }
254 return NULL;
255 }
2. Thit b chut
a. Kim tra thit b chut
int GetSystemMetrics(

int nIndex // system metric or configuration setting

);
fMouse = GetSystemMetrics( SM_MOUSEPRESENT );
Gi tr tr v fMouse l TRUE (1) nu c thit b chut c ci t, v
ngc li bng FALSE (0) nu thit b chut khng c ci t vo
my.
b. Trong lp ca s ta nh ngha con tr chut cho ng dng
wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor ( NULL, IDC_ARROR);
wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW|CS_DBLCLKS;
Vi thit b chut ta c th c cc hnh ng nh sau:
Kch chut : nhn v th mt nt chut.
Kch p chut : nhn v th chut nhanh (nhn 2 ln nhanh).
Ko : di chuyn chut trong khi vn nm gi mt nt.
c. Thng ip chut trong vng lm vic
Nt Nhn Th Nhn p
Tri WM_LBUTTONDOWN WM_LBUTTONUP WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK
Gia WM_MBUTTONDOWN WM_MBUTTONUP WM_MBUTTONDBLCLK
Phi WM_RBUTTONDOWN WM_MBUTTONUP WM_RBUTTONDBLCLK

d. Gi tr wParam s cho bit trng thi ca nt nhn, phm Shift, v
phm Ctrl.
MK_LBUTTON Nt chut tri nhn
MK_MBUTTON Nt chut gia nhn
MK_RBUTTON Nt chut phi nhn
MK_SHIFT Phm Shift c nhn
MK_CONTROL Phm Ctrl c nhn

e. Gi tr lParam s cho bit v tr chut ti thi im pht sinh message.
2 bytes thp: ta x
2 bytes cao: ta y
f. V d

1 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message,

3 {
4 HDC hdc;
5 static POINT oldPoint;
6 static int iC;
7 int WIDTH_PEN = 2;
8 HPEN oPen,pen;
9 COLORREF Col [ ] ={ RGB (0, 0, 0) , RGB (255 ,0 ,0),
10 RGB (0, 255, 0), RGB (0, 0, 255), RGB (255, 255, 0)};
11 POINT point;
12 TCHAR str [255];
13 switch ( message ) // X l thng ip
14 {
15 case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
16 /* V ng thng t v tr trc n v tr chut hin ti*/
17 hdc = GetDC ( hWnd );
18 pen = CreatePen ( PS_SOLID,WIDTH_PEN,Col [
19 iC] );
20 oPen = ( HPEN ) SelectObject ( hdc,pen );
21 point.x = LOWORD ( lParam );
22 point.y = HIWORD ( lParam );
23 MoveToEx ( hdc, oldPoint.x, oldPoint.y, NULL );
24 LineTo ( hdc, point.x, point.y );
25 oldPoint = point;
26 /* Chn li bt v trc v hy bt v va to*/
27 SelectObject ( hdc, oPen );
28 DeleteObject ( pen );
29 ReleaseDC ( hWnd, hdc );
30 break;
31 case WM_RBUTTONDOWN:
32 /* Chuyn index ca bng mu sang v tr tip theo, nu
33 cui bng mu th quay li mu u tin*/
34 iC = ( iC+1 ) % ( sizeof ( Col ) / sizeof (
35 COLORREF ) );
36 break;
37 case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
38 /* Xut to chut hin thi ln thanh tiu */
39 sprintf ( str,"Toa do chuot x = %d, To do y = %d",
40 LOWORD(lParam), HIWORD(lParam));
41 SetWindowText ( hWnd, str );
42 /* Kim tra xem c gi phm chut tri hay khng*/
43 if ( wParam & MK_LBUTTON )
44 {
45 hdc = GetDC ( hWnd );

46 pen = CreatePen (
47 PS_SOLID,WIDTH_PEN,Col [ iC ] );
48 oPen = ( HPEN ) SelectObject ( hdc, pen );
49 point.x = LOWORD ( lParam );
50 point.y = HIWORD ( lParam );
51 MoveToEx ( hdc, oldPoint.x, oldPoint.y,
52 NULL );
53 LineTo ( hdc, point.x, point.y );
54 oldPoint = point;
55 SelectObject ( hdc, oPen );
57 ReleaseDC ( hWnd, hdc );
58 }
59 break;
60 case WM_DESTROY:
61 PostQuitMessage ( 0 );
62 break;
63 default:
64 return DefWindowProc ( hWnd, message, wParam,
65 lParam );
66 }
67 return 0;
68 }
3. Timer
a. Khi to
UINT_PTR SetTimer( HWND hWnd, UINT_PTR nIDEvent, UINT
uElapse, TIMERPROC lpTimerFunc );
hWnd : nh danh ca ca s khai bo dng b nh thi gian.
nIDEvent : nh danh ca b nh thi gian.
nElapse : L khong thi gian ngh gia hai ln gi thng ip
lpTimerFunc : Hm s x l khi thng ip WM_TIMER pht
sinh, nu chng ta khai bo l NULL th Windows s gi thng
ip WM_TIMER vo hng i thng ip ca ca s tng ng.
b. Hy
BOOL KillTimer( HWND hWnd, UINT_PTR uIDEvent );
hWnd : nh danh ca ca s dng b nh thi gian
uIDEvent : nh danh ca b nh thi gian.
c. V d 1
1 #include <time.h>

2 #include "stdio.h"
3 #define MAX_POINT 10000
4 #define IDT_TIMER1 1
7 {
8 PAINTSTRUCT ps;
9 HDC hdc;
10 static int NumCir = 0;
11 static POINT point [ MAX_POINT ];
12 int r = 5, i;
13 HPEN pen, oldPen;
14 RECT rc;
15 TCHAR str [255];
16 /* X l thng ip*/
17 switch ( message )
18 {
19 case WM_CREATE:
20 SetTimer(hWnd, IDT_TIMER1, 500,
21 (TIMERPROC) NULL);
22 srand ( (unsigned) time( NULL ) );
23 break;
24 case WM_PAINT:
25 hdc = BeginPaint ( hWnd, &ps );
26 pen = CreatePen ( PS_SOLID, 2, RGB (255,0,0) );
27 oldPen = (HPEN) SelectObject ( hdc, pen );
28 for( i=0; i < NumCir; i++ )
29 Arc ( hdc, point[i].x-r, point[i].y-r,
30 point[i].x+r, point[i].y+r, point[i].x+r,
31 point[i].y,point[i].x+r,point[i].y);
32 SelectObject ( hdc, oldPen );
34 EndPaint ( hWnd, &ps );
35 break;
36 case WM_TIMER:
37 GetClientRect ( hWnd, &rc );
38 point [NumCir].x = rand( ) % (rc.right - rc.left);
39 point [NumCir].y = rand( ) % (rc.bottom - rc.top);
40 NumCir++;
41 sprintf ( str,"So vong tron : %d", NumCir);
42 SetWindowText ( hWnd, str );
43 InvalidateRect ( hWnd, &rc, FALSE);
44 break;
45 case WM_DESTROY:
46 KillTimer ( hWnd, IDT_TIMER1 );

48 break;
49 default:
51 lParam );
52 }
53 return 0;
54 }
d. V d 2
1 #include <time.h>
2 #include "stdio.h"
3 #define IDT_TIMER1 1
6 {
7 PAINTSTRUCT ps;
8 HDC hdc;
9 /* Khai bo bin lu cc gi tr khng gian*/
10 struct tm *newtime;
11 time_t CurTime;
12 TCHAR str [255];
13 RECT rc;
14 /* Bin LOGFONT to font mi*/
15 LOGFONT lf;
16 HFONT oldFont, font;
17 COLORREF color = RGB (255, 0, 0), oldColor;
18 switch ( message )
19 {
20 case WM_CREATE:
21 /* khi to b nh thi gian, v khai bo hm x l Timer*/
22 SetTimer ( hWnd, IDT_TIMER1, 1000, ( TIMERPROC )
23 TimerProc );
24 break;
25 case WM_PAINT:
26 hdc = BeginPaint ( hWnd, &ps );
27 time( &CurTime );
28 newtime = localtime ( &CurTime );
29 GetClientRect ( hWnd, &rc );
30 sprintf(str,"Gio hien tai : %d gio: %d phut: %d giay",
31 newtime->tm_hour,newtime->tm_min, newtime-
32 >tm_sec);
33 oldColor = SetTextColor ( hdc, color );
34 memset ( &lf, 0, sizeof ( LOGFONT ) );
35 lf.lfHeight = 50;
36 strcpy ( lf.lfFaceName, "Tahoma" );

37 font = CreateFontIndirect ( &lf );

38 oldFont = ( HFONT ) SelectObject ( hdc,font );
39 DrawText ( hdc, str, strlen(str), &rc, DT_CENTER |
40 DT_VCENTER | DT_SINGLELINE );
41 SetTextColor ( hdc,oldColor );
42 SelectObject ( hdc,oldFont );
43 DeleteObject ( font );
44 EndPaint ( hWnd, &ps );
45 break;
46 case WM_DESTROY:
48 break;
49 default:
51 lParam );
52 }
53 return 0;
54 }
55 VOID CALLBACK TimerProc( HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg,
56 UINT_PTR idEvent, DWORD dwTime)
57 {
58 RECT rc;
59 GetClientRect ( hwnd, &rc );
60 InvalidateRect ( hwnd, &rc, TRUE );
61 }

Bi 4: Hp thai v iu khin Trn Minh Thi
Bi 4: HP THOI V IU KHIN
Phn b thi lng:
1. Hp thoi
Hp thoi phi hp gia ngi s dng vi chng trnh bng mt s phn
t iu khin m cc phn t ny nhn nhim v thu nhn thng tin t
ngi dng v cung cp thng tin n ngi dng khi ngi dng tc ng
n cc phn t iu khin. Cc phn t iu khin ny nhn ca s cha l
mt hp thoi. Cc phn t iu khin thng l cc Button, List Box,
Combo Box, Check Box, Radio Button, Edit Box, Scroll Bar, Static.
Hp thoi trng thi (modal).
Hp thoi khng trng thi (modeless).
Hp thoi thng dng (common dialog)
a) Thit k hp thai

V d:
IDD_DIALOG1 DIALOG DISCARDABLE 0, 0, 196, 102

STYLE DS_MODALFRAME | WS_POPUP | WS_CAPTION
CAPTION "Logon"
FONT 8, "MS Sans Serif"
BEGIN
DEFPUSHBUTTON "OK",IDOK,24,81,50,14
PUSHBUTTON "Cancel",IDCANCEL,109,81,50,14
LTEXT "User name",IDC_STATIC,7,23,40,15
LTEXT "Password",IDC_STATIC,7,50,40,16
EDITTEXT DC_EDT_NAME,52,19,137,16,ES_AUTOHSCROLL
EDITTEXT IDC_EDT_PASSWORD, 52, 48, 137, 16, ES_AUTOHSCROLL
END
Lp
Kiu iu khin Kiu
ca s
PUSHBUTTON Button BS_PUSHBUTTON
DEFPUSHBUTTON Button BS_DEFBUSHBUTTON |

WS_TABSTOP
CHECKBOX Button BS_CHECKBOX | WS_TABSTOP
RADIOBUTTON Button BS_RADIOBUTTON |

WS_TABSTOP
GROUPBOX Button BS_GROUPBOX | WS_TABSTOP
LTEXT Static SS_LEFT | WS_GROUP
CTEXT Static SS_CENTER | WS_GROUP
RTEXT Static SS_RIGHT | WS_GROUP
ICON Static SS_ICON
EDITTEXT Edit ES_LEFT | WS_BORDER |

WS_STABSTOP
SCROLLBAR Scrollbar SBS_HORZ
LISTBOX Listbox LBS_NOTIFY | WS_BORDER |

WS_VSCROLL
COMBOBOX Combobox CBS_SIMPLE | WS_TABSTOP

Cc kiu iu khin
Cc kiu iu khin c khai bo trong resource script c dng nh

sau, ngoi tr kiu iu khin LISTBOX, COMBOBOX,
SCROLLBAR, EDITTEXT.
Control-type "text", id, xPos, yPos, xWidth, yHeight, iStyle
Cc kiu iu khin LISTBOX, COMBOBOX, SCROLLBAR,
EDITTEXT c khai bo trong resource script vi cu trc nh trn
nhng khng c trng "text".
Thm thuc tnh cho cc kiu iu khin bng cch thay i tham s
iStyle. V d ta mun to radio button vi chui din t nm bn tri
ca nt th ta gn trng iStyle bng BS_LEFTTEXT c th nh sau.
RADIOBUTTON Radio1",IDC_RADIO1,106,10,53,15,BS_LEFTTEXT
b) Th tc x l hp thai
c im
Mi hp thai cn c mt th tc x l ring.
Cc thng ip khng c gi ti hm x l ca s chnh.
L mt hm x l ca s.
Mu hm
BOOL CALLBACK Tn hm (HWND, UINT, WPARAM,
LPARAM) ;
C nhiu thng ip khc nhau.
Khng cn x l WM_PAINT v WM_DESTROY.
X l thng ip no th tr v TRUE, nu khng tr v
FALSE.

Thng phi x l hai thng ip chnh: WM_INITDIALOG v

WM_COMMAND: LOWORD(WPARAM) cha ID cc iu
khin.
V d:
1 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM,
2 LPARAM);
3 BOOL CALLBACK DialogProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM,
4 LPARAM) ;
5 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message,
7 {
8 static HINSTANCE hInstance ;
9 switch (message)
10 {
11 case WM_CREATE :
12 hInstance = ((LPCREATESTRUCT) lParam)->hInstance ;
13 return 0 ;
14 case WM_COMMAND :
15 switch (LOWORD (wParam))
16 {
17 case IDC_SHOW :
18 DialogBox (hInstance, TEXT ("DIALOG1"),
19 hwnd, DialogProc) ;
20 break;
21 }
22 return 0 ;
23 case WM_DESTROY :
24 PostQuitMessage (0) ;
25 return 0 ;
26 }
27 return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
28 }
29 /*----------------------hm x l thng ip hp thoi----------------------*/
30 BOOL CALLBACK DialogProc (HWND hDlg, UINT message,
32 {
33 switch (message)
34 {
35 case WM_INITDIALOG: return TRUE ;
36 case WM_COMMAND:
38 {
39 case IDOK :
40 EndDialog (hDlg, 0) ;

41 return TRUE ;
42 }
43 break ;
44 }
45 return FALSE ;
46 }
c) Hp thoi trng thi
Hin th hp thoi
INT_PTR DialogBox(
HINSTANCE hInstance, // handle to module
LPCTSTR lpTemplate, // dialog box template
HWND hWndParent, // handle to owner window
DLGPROC lpDialogFunc // dialog box procedure
);
V d:
DialogBox (hInstance, TEXT ("DIALOG1"), hwnd, DialogProc) ;
Gi thng ip n hm WndProc yu cu x l ngay c khi hp
thoi ang m nh hm SendMessage:
SendMessage(GetParent(hDlg), message, wParam, lParam);
Thm tiu cho hp thoi:
SetWindowText(hDlg,TEXT("Hello Dialog")); trong x l
thng ip WM_INITDIALOG
ng hp thoi
BOOL EndDialog(
HWND hDlg, // handle to dialog box
INT_PTR nResult // value to return
);
V d

1 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

2 BOOL CALLBACK DialogProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
3 int iCurrentColor = IDC_BLACK, iCurrentFigure = IDC_RECT;
4 int iCurrenBrush = IDC_HS_BDIAGONAL;
5 void PaintWindow(HWND hwnd, int iColor, int iFigure, int iBrush)
6 {
7 static COLORREF crColor[8] = { RGB(0, 0, 0), RGB(0, 0, 255),
8 RGB(0, 255, 0), RGB(0, 255, 255), RGB(255, 0, 0), RGB(255, 0, 255),
9 RGB(255, 255, 0), RGB(255, 255, 255) } ;
10 HBRUSH hBrush,hbrush;
11 HDC hdc ;
12 RECT rect ;
13 hdc = GetDC (hwnd) ;
14 GetClientRect (hwnd, &rect) ;
15 if(iBrush==IDC_HS_BDIAGONAL)
16 hbrush=CreateHatchBrush(HS_BDIAGONAL,
17 crColor[iColor-IDC_BLACK]);
18 if(iBrush == IDC_HS_CROSS)
19 hbrush=CreateHatchBrush(HS_CROSS,
20 crColor[iColor - IDC_BLACK]);
21 if(iBrush == IDC_HS_DIAGCROSS)
22 hbrush=CreateHatchBrush(HS_DIAGCROSS,
24 if(iBrush == IDC_HS_FDIAGONAL)
25 hbrush=CreateHatchBrush(HS_FDIAGONAL,
27 if(iBrush == IDC_HS_HORIZONTAL)
28 hbrush=CreateHatchBrush(HS_HORIZONTAL,
30 if(iBrush == IDC_HS_VERTICAL)
31 hbrush=CreateHatchBrush(HS_BDIAGONAL,
33 hBrush = (HBRUSH) SelectObject (hdc, hbrush) ;
34 if (iFigure == IDC_RECT)
35 Rectangle (hdc, rect.left, rect.top, rect.right, rect.bottom) ;
36 else
37 Ellipse(hdc, rect.left, rect.top, rect.right, rect.bottom) ;
38 DeleteObject (SelectObject (hdc, hBrush)) ;
39 ReleaseDC (hwnd, hdc) ;
40 }
41 void PaintTheBlock(HWND hCtrl, int iColor, int iFigure, int iBrush)
42 {
43 InvalidateRect (hCtrl, NULL, TRUE) ;
44 UpdateWindow (hCtrl) ;
45 PaintWindow (hCtrl, iColor, iFigure,iBrush) ;
46 }

47 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM

49 {
50 static HINSTANCE hInstance ;
51 PAINTSTRUCT ps ;
52 switch (message)
53 {
54 case WM_CREATE:
55 hInstance = ((LPCREATESTRUCT) lParam)->hInstance ;
56 return 0 ;
57 case WM_COMMAND:
59 {
60 case IDC_SHOW:
61 if (DialogBox (hInstance, TEXT ("DIALOG"),
62 hwnd, DialogProc))
63 InvalidateRect (hwnd, NULL, TRUE) ;
64 return 0 ;
65 }
66 break;
67 case WM_PAINT:
68 BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
69 EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
70 PaintWindow (hwnd, iCurrentColor, iCurrentFigure,
71 iCurrenBrush) ;
72 return 0 ;
73 case WM_DESTROY:
75 return 0 ;
76 }
77 return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
78 }
79 BOOL CALLBACK DialogProc (HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM
81 {
82 static HWND hCtrlBlock ;
83 static int iColor, iFigure,iBrush;
84 switch (message)
85 {
86 case WM_INITDIALOG:
87 iColor = iCurrentColor ;
88 iFigure = iCurrentFigure ;
89 iBrush = iCurrenBrush;
90 CheckRadioButton(hDlg,IDC_BLACK,IDC_WHITE,
91 iColor);

92 CheckRadioButton(hDlg,IDC_RECT,IDC_ELLIPSE,iFig
93 ure);CheckRadioButton (hDlg, IDC_HS_BDIAGONAL,
94 IDC_HS_VERTICAL, iBrush);
95 hCtrlBlock = GetDlgItem (hDlg, IDC_PAINT) ;
96 SetFocus (GetDlgItem (hDlg, iColor)) ;
97 return FALSE ;
98 case WM_COMMAND:
100 {
101 case IDOK:
102 iCurrentColor = iColor ;
103 iCurrentFigure = iFigure ;
104 iCurrenBrush = iBrush;
105 EndDialog (hDlg, TRUE) ;
106 return TRUE ;
107 case IDCANCEL:
108 EndDialog (hDlg, FALSE) ;
109 return TRUE ;
110 case IDC_BLACK:
111 case IDC_RED:
112 case IDC_GREEN:
113 case IDC_YELLOW:
114 case IDC_BLUE:
115 case IDC_MAGENTA:
116 case IDC_CYAN:
117 case IDC_WHITE:
118 iColor = LOWORD (wParam) ;
119 CheckRadioButton (hDlg, IDC_BLACK,
120 IDC_WHITE, LOWORD (wParam)) ;
121 PaintTheBlock (hCtrlBlock, iColor,
122 iFigure,iBrush);
123 return TRUE ;
124 case IDC_RECT:
125 case IDC_ELLIPSE:
126 iFigure = LOWORD (wParam) ;
127 CheckRadioButton (hDlg, IDC_RECT,
128 IDC_ELLIPSE, LOWORD (wParam)) ;
131 return TRUE ;
132 case IDC_HS_BDIAGONAL:
133 case IDC_HS_CROSS:
134 case IDC_HS_DIAGCROSS:
135 case IDC_HS_FDIAGONAL:
136 case IDC_HS_HORIZONTAL:
137 case IDC_HS_VERTICAL:

138 iBrush = LOWORD (wParam)

139 CheckRadioButton(hDlg,IDC_HS_BDIAGONAL,
140 IDC_HS_VERTICAL, LOWORD (wParam)) ;
143 return TRUE ;
144 }
145 break;
146 case WM_PAINT:
147 PaintTheBlock (hCtrlBlock, iColor, iFigure,iBrush) ;
148 break ;
149 }
150 return FALSE ;
151 }
d) Hp thoi khng trng thi
Hin th hp thoi
HWND hDlgModeless=CreateDialog(hInstance, szTemplate,
hwndParent, DialogProc);
ShowWindow(hDlgModeless,SW_SHOW);
while(GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))

{
if (hDlgModeless==0 || !IsDialogMessage
(hDlgModeless, &msg);
{
}
}
while(GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))

{
if (hDlgModeless==0 || !IsDialogMessage(hDlgModeless,
&msg);
{
if(TranslateAccelerator (hwnd, hAccel, &msg)
{
}
}
}
ng hp thoi
t hDlgModeless v gi tr 0.

BOOL DestroyWindow(
HWND hWnd // handle to window to destroy
);
V d
1 void PaintWindow (HWND hwnd, int iColor[], int iFigure)

2 {
3 HBRUSH hBrush ;
4 HDC hdc ;
5 RECT rect ;
6 hdc = GetDC(hwnd) ;
7 GetClientRect (hwnd, &rect) ;
8 hBrush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(iColor[0], iColor[1],
9 iColor[2]));
10 hBrush = (HBRUSH) SelectObject (hdc, hBrush) ;
11 if (iFigure == IDC_RECT)
12 Rectangle (hdc, rect.left, rect.top, rect.right,
13 rect.bottom) ;
14 else
15 Ellipse(hdc, rect.left, rect.top, rect.right,
16 rect.bottom) ;
17 DeleteObject (SelectObject (hdc, hBrush)) ;
18 ReleaseDC (hwnd, hdc) ;
19 }
20 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT
21 message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
22 {
23 switch (message)
24 {
25 case WM_PAINT:
26 PaintTheBlock(hwnd, iColor, iFigure) ;
27 return 0 ;
28 case WM_DESTROY :

29 DeleteObject((HGDIOBJ)SetClassLong(hw
30 nd, GCL_HBRBACKGROUND,(LONG)
31 GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH))) ;
33 return 0 ;
34 }
35 return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam,
36 lParam);
37 }
38 void PaintTheBlock (HWND hCtrl, int iColor[], int iFigure)
39 {
40 InvalidateRect (hCtrl, NULL, TRUE);
41 UpdateWindow (hCtrl) ;
42 PaintWindow (hCtrl, iColor, iFigure) ;
43 }
44 BOOL CALLBACK ColorScrDlg (HWND hDlg, UINT
45 message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
46 {
47 HWND hwndParent, hCtrl ;
48 static HWND hCtrlBlock ;
49 int iCtrlID, iIndex ;
50 switch (message)
51 {
52 case WM_INITDIALOG :
53 hCtrlBlock = GetDlgItem (hDlg,
54 IDC_PAINT) ;
55 for (iCtrlID = 10 ; iCtrlID < 13 ; iCtrlID++)
56 {
57 hCtrl = GetDlgItem (hDlg, iCtrlID) ;
59 iFigure) ;
60 PaintTheBlock (hwndParent, iColor,
61 iFigure) ;
62 SetScrollRange (hCtrl, SB_CTL, 0,
63 255, FALSE) ;
64 SetScrollPos(hCtrl, SB_CTL, 0,
65 FALSE) ;
66 }
67 return TRUE ;
68 case WM_COMMAND:
69 {
70 switch( LOWORD(wParam))
71 {
72 case IDC_RECT:
73 case IDC_ELLIPSE:
74 iFigure = LOWORD(wParam);

75 hwndParent =
76 GetParent(hDlg);
77 CheckRadioButton(hDlg,
78 IDC_RECT, IDC_ELLIPSE,
79 LOWORD (wParam)) ;
80 PaintTheBlock(hCtrlBlock,
81 iColor, iFigure) ;
82 PaintTheBlock (hwndParent,
83 iColor, iFigure) ;
84 return TRUE ;
85 }
86 break;
87 }
88 case WM_VSCROLL :
89 hCtrl = (HWND) lParam ;
90 iCtrlID = GetWindowLong (hCtrl,
91 GWL_ID) ;
92 iIndex = iCtrlID - 10 ;
93 hwndParent = GetParent (hDlg) ;
94 PaintTheBlock (hCtrlBlock, iColor, iFigure);
95 PaintTheBlock (hwndParent, iColor,
96 iFigure) ;
98 {
99 case SB_PAGEDOWN :
100 iColor[iIndex] += 15 ;
101 case SB_LINEDOWN :
102 iColor[iIndex] = min (255,
103 iColor[iIndex] + 1) ;
104 break;
105 case SB_PAGEUP :
106 iColor[iIndex] -= 15 ;
107 case SB_LINEUP :
108 iColor[iIndex] = max (0,
109 iColor[iIndex] - 1);
110 break;
111 case SB_TOP :
112 iColor[iIndex] = 0 ;
113 break;
114 case SB_BOTTOM :
115 iColor[iIndex] = 255 ;
116 break;
117 case SB_THUMBPOSITION :
118 case SB_THUMBTRACK :
119 iColor[iIndex] = HIWORD
120 (wParam) ;

121 break;
122 default :
123 return FALSE ;
124 }
125 SetScrollPos(hCtrl, SB_CTL, iColor[iIndex],
126 TRUE) ;
127 SetDlgItemInt (hDlg, iCtrlID + 3, iColor[iIndex],
128 FALSE) ;
129 InvalidateRect(hwndParent,NULL,TRUE);
130 DeleteObject ( (HGDIOBJ)SetClassLong(
131 hwndParent, GCL_HBRBACKGROUND, (LONG)
132 CreateSolidBrush( RGB(iColor[0], iColor[1],
133 iColor[2]) ) ) ) ;
134 return TRUE ;
135 case WM_PAINT:
136 PaintTheBlock(hCtrlBlock, iColor, iFigure) ;
137 break;
138 }
139 return FALSE ;
2. Menu
a) To Menu
MENUDEMO MENU DISCARDABLE
BEGIN
POPUP "&File"
BEGIN
MENUITEM "&New", IDM_FILE_NEW
MENUITEM "&Open", IDM_FILE_OPEN
MENUITEM "&Save", IDM_FILE_SAVE
MENUITEM "Save &As...", IDM_FILE_SAVE_AS
MENUITEM SEPARATOR
MENUITEM "E&xit", IDM_APP_EXIT
END
POPUP "&Edit"
BEGIN
MENUITEM "&Undo", IDM_EDIT_UNDO
MENUITEM SEPARATOR
MENUITEM "C&ut", IDM_EDIT_CUT
MENUITEM "&Copy", IDM_EDIT_COPY
MENUITEM "&Paste", IDM_EDIT_PASTE
MENUITEM "De&lete", IDM_EDIT_CLEAR
END
POPUP "&Background"
BEGIN

MENUITEM "&White", IDM_BKGND_WHITE,

CHECKED
MENUITEM "&Light Gray", IDM_BKGND_LTGRAY
MENUITEM "&Gray", IDM_BKGND_GRAY
MENUITEM "&Dark Gray", IDM_BKGND_DKGRAY
MENUITEM "&Black", IDM_BKGND_BLACK
END
POPUP "&Help"
BEGIN
MENUITEM "&Help...", IDM_APP_HELP
MENUITEM "&About ...", IDM_APP_ABOUT
END
END
b) Thit lp Menu
wndclass.lpszMenuName = "MENU1";
hoc:
hMenu = LoadMenu ( hInstance, TEXT("MENU1") );
hwnd = CreateWindow ( TEXT("MyClass"), TEXT("Window
Caption"), WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL, hMenu, hInstance, NULL );
SetMenu(hWnd, hMenu);
LOWORD(WPARAM) cha ID cc iu khin.
c) V d
1 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM,
2 LPARAM);
3 /* Khai bo tn dng chung cho ccti nguyn trong chng trnh.*/
4 TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("MenuDemo") ;
5 int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE
6 hPrevInstance, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
7 {
8 HWND hwnd;
9 MSG msg;
10 WNDCLASS wndclass;
11 wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
12 wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc ;
13 wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0 ;
14 wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0 ;
15 wndclass.hInstance = hInstance ;
16 wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);

17 wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);

18 wndclass.hbrBackground =
19 (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH) ;
20 wndclass.lpszMenuName = szAppName ;
21 wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ;
22 if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass))
23 {
24 MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("This program requires
25 Windows "), szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ;
26 return 0 ;
27 }
28 hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName, TEXT("Menu
29 Demonstration"), WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
31 CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, NULL,
32 hInstance, NULL) ;
33 ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ;
34 UpdateWindow (hwnd) ;
35 while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
36 {
37 TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
38 DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
39 }
40 return msg.wParam ;
41 }
42 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message,
44 {
45 /* Khao bo danh sch cc mu chi t, cc hng ny c nh
46 ngha trong file WINGDI.H */
47 static int idColor[5] = { WHITE_BRUSH, LTGRAY_BRUSH,
48 GRAY_BRUSH, DKGRAY_BRUSH, BLACK_BRUSH } ;
49 static int iSelection = IDM_BKGND_WHITE ;
50 HMENU hMenu ;
51 switch (message)
52 {
53 case WM_COMMAND:
54 hMenu = GetMenu (hwnd) ; // Ly nh danh ca menu
55 switch (LOWORD (wParam)) //Kim tra nh danh mc chn
56 {
57 case IDM_FILE_NEW:
58 case IDM_FILE_OPEN:
59 case IDM_FILE_SAVE:
60 case IDM_FILE_SAVE_AS:
61 MessageBeep(0) ; //Pht ra ting ku bp
62 return 0 ;

63 case IDM_APP_EXIT:
64 /*Gi thng ip ng ng dng li*/
65 SendMessage (hwnd, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0) ;
66 return 0 ;
67 case IDM_EDIT_UNDO:
68 case IDM_EDIT_CUT:
69 case IDM_EDIT_COPY:
70 case IDM_EDIT_PASTE:
71 case IDM_EDIT_CLEAR:
72 MessageBeep (0) ;
73 return 0 ;
74 case IDM_BKGND_WHITE:
75 case IDM_BKGND_LTGRAY:
76 case IDM_BKGND_GRAY:
77 case IDM_BKGND_DKGRAY:
78 case IDM_BKGND_BLACK:
79 /* B check ca mc chn trc */
80 CheckMenuItem(hMenu,iSelection,
81 MF_UNCHECKED);
82 iSelection = LOWORD (wParam) ; /*Ly ID
83 mc mi*/
84 /* Check mc chn mi*/
85 CheckMenuItem (hMenu, iSelection,
86 MF_CHECKED) ;
87 /* Thit lp mu tng ng vi mc chn
88 mi*/
89 SetClassLong(hwnd,GCL_HBRBACKGRO
90 UND, (LONG)
91 GetStockObject(idColor[iSelection-
92 IDM_BKGND_WHITE]));
93 InvalidateRect (hwnd, NULL, TRUE) ;
94 return 0 ;
95 case IDM_APP_HELP:
96 MessageBox(hwnd, TEXT("Help not yet
97 implemented!"), szAppName,
98 MB_ICONEXCLAMATION | MB_OK) ;
99 return 0 ;
100 case IDM_APP_ABOUT:
101 MessageBox (hwnd, TEXT ("Menu
102 Demonstration Program\n (c) Charles
103 Petzold, 1998"), szAppName,
104 MB_ICONINFORMATION | MB_OK) ;
105 return 0 ;
106 }
107 break;

109 PostQuitMessage(0) ;
110 return 0 ;
111 }
112 return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
113 }

Bi 5: X L VN BN
Phn b thi lng:
1. Hin th vn bn
hin th ni dung vn bn trn cc thit b xut, da vo tng trng hp th

hin khc nhau, ta dng cc hm Win32 API khc nhau. Cc hm ny ph
thuc vo font ch, thuc tnh ca thit b ng cnh DC (Device Context ) v
khong cch k t th hin.
Hm ph bin nht thc hin thao tc xut mt chui k t vn bn, s dng
font ch, mu ch v mu nn hin hnh l :
BOOL TextOut(HDC hdc, int nXStart, int nYStart, LPCTSTR
lpString,int cbString);
tr v gi tr khc khng nu thnh cng, ngc li tr v 0.
LONG TabbedTextOut(HDC hDC, int nX, int nY, LPCTSTR lpString, int
nCount, int nNumTabs, LPINT lpnTabStopPositions, int nTabOrigin);
Nu trong chui k t c cc k t tab (\t hoc 0x09), hm
TabbedTextOut s chuyn cc k t tab vo dy cc v tr "dng" tng
ng. S lng cc tab dng c xc nh bi nNumTabs, v
lpnTabStopPositions l dy v tr cc tab dng theo n v tnh pixels. V
d, nu rng trung bnh ca mi k t l 8 pixels, v mi tab dng
cn t cch nhau 5 k t, dy cc tab dng s phi ln lt c gi tr
40, 80, 120, . Tuy nhin, cc gi tr ny khng nht thit phi l bi
s ca nhau.
Nu bin nNumTabs hoc lpnTabStopPositions c gi tr l 0 v NULL,
cc tab dng c t cch nhau tng 8 k t. Nu nNumTabs bng 1,
lpnTabStopPositions tr n gi tr xc nh mt dy tng tun hon l
bi s ca dy ny. V d, nu nNumTabs bng 1, v

lpnTabStopPositions bng 30, ta s c dy tab dng ti v tr 30, 60, 90,
pixels.
Trng nTabOrigin xc nh ta theo trc x ca im bt u tnh
khong cch ti cc tab. Gi tr ny khng nht thit phi l v tr u
tin ca chui, c th chn trng hoc khng.
Hm tr v kch thc chui hin th, theo n v logic, nu thnh cng.
Ngc li, hm tr v 0. Trong , chiu cao chui l WORD cao ca
bin kiu LONG, chiu rng l WORD thp.
int DrawText(HDC hDC, LPCTSTR lpString, int nCount, LPRECT
lpRect, UINT uFormat);
Cng nh cc hm xut vn bn khc, hm DrawText xut chui xc
nh bi con tr lpString c di nCount. Tuy nhin, vi chui c k
t kt thc l NULL, nu nCount bng -1, hm s t ng tnh ton
chiu di ca chui.
Bin lpRect tr n cu trc RECT ca hnh ch nht (theo to logic)
m trong vn bn th hin theo nh dng c thit lp trong
uFormat.
Nu uFormat bng 0, ni dung vn bn s c hin th theo tng dng
t trn xung di. Mi dng mi c xc nh thng qua k t v u
dng CR (carriage return, bng \r hoc 0x0D) hoc k t xung dng
LF (linefeed, bng \n hoc 0x0A) c trong vn bn. Phn vn bn bn
ngoi hnh ch nht lpRect s b ct b.
Gi tr uFormat bng 0 cng chnh l gi tr c canh l tri
(DT_LEFT). Ngoi ra, ta c th thit lp cc c canh l phi
(DT_RIGHT), v canh l gia (DT_CENTER) cho vn bn.
loi b chc nng iu khin ca cc k t CR v LF, cn thm vo
c DT_SINGLELINE. Nu thit lp DT_SINGLELINE, ta cng c th
ch nh v tr ca dng hin th pha trn (DT_TOP), pha di
(DT_BOTTOM), hoc chnh gia (DT_VCENTER) trong vng hnh
ch nht.

Trong trng hp hin th nhiu dng vn bn, Windows ch ngt dng
khi gp k t CR v LF. ngt dng di hn kch thc hnh ch nht
hin th, cn thit lp c DT_WORDBREAK. Nu khng mun Windows
ct b cc phn d ra khi v ch vt qu phm vi khung ch nht, ta
thm c DT_NOCLIP. Nu mun k t tab (\t hoc 0x09) c din
dch thnh k t phn ct, cn thm c DT_EXPANDTABS. Gi tr mc
nh ca tab l 8 khong trng. C DT_TABSTOP c dng t li
gi tr tab. Trong trng hp ny, byte cao ca word thp (bits 15-8)
ca uFormat s cha gi tr tab cn thay th.
2. nh dng vn bn
a) Hm thit lp mu ch v mu nn:
COLORREF SetTextColor (HDC hdc, COLORREF color);
COLORREF SetBkColor (HDC hdc, COLORREF color);
Tr v gi tr mu trc .
Nu c li tr v CLR_INVALID.
int SetBkMode (HDC hdc, int mode) ;
Tr v ch nn trc .
Tr v 0 nu gp li.
mode = OPAQUE : Mi khi hin th vn bn th mu nn c thay
i thnh mu nn hin hnh. Hoc TRANSPARENT: Mu nn
khng b nh hng SetBkColor() b v hiu.
b) Xc nh mu ch v mu nn hin hnh:
COLORREF GetTextColor(HDC hDC);
COLORREF GetBkColor(HDC hDC);
c) Xc nh ch nn hin ti:
int GetBkMode(HDC hDC);
Hm tr v gi tr TRANSPARENT hoc OPAQUE, nu thnh cng.
Ngc li, gi tr tr v l zero.
d) xc lp v tr chui vn bn hin th da trn im gc nXStart,
nYStart:

UINT SetTextAlign(HDC hDC, UINT fMode);
fMode: TA_LEFT, TA_RIGHT, TA_CENTER, TA_TOP,
TA_BOTTOM, TA_BASELINE, TA_UPDATE
e) bit ch canh l vn bn hin ti, ta dng hm :
UINT GetTextAlign(HDC hDC);
Nu thnh cng, hm tr v c tng ng ca canh l vn bn hin
hnh. Ngc li, gi tr tr v l GDI_ERROR.
f) thay i khong cch gia cc k t:
int SetTextCharacterExtra(HDC hDC, int nCharExtra);
Nu thnh cng, hm tr v khong cch trc khi c thit lp.
Ngc li, gi tr tr v l 0x80000000.
g) bit khong cch hin ti, ta dng hm :
int GetTextCharacterExtra(HDC hDC);
Nu thnh cng, gi tr tr v cho bit khong cch hin ti. Ngc li,
gi tr tr v l 0x80000000.
3. S dng font
Lp ch s font ch.
Np font ch.
Gn ch s font ch cho ng cnh thit b.
i vi Font ch mc nh (h thng):S dng cc font ch Windows
ang s dng.
MACRO FONT
ANSI_FIXED_FONT Font vi kch thc c nh ca k t da

trn Windows. Font Courier l mt v d
in hnh ca dng font ny.
ANSI_VAR_FONT Font vi rng k t thay i da trn cc

k t chun ca Windows. Font MS San
Serif l mt v d in hnh.
DEVICE_DEFAULT_FONT Font vi thit b cho c chn mc

nhin. Dng font ny thng co sn trong h
thng iu khin vic trnh by trn thit

b. Tuy nhin, i vi mt s thit b, font
c ci t ngay trn thit b. V d, i vi
my in, cc font thit b ci sn thc hin
thao tc in nhanh hn so vi vic load bitmap
nh v t my tnh.
DEFAULT_GUI_FONT Font ca giao din ha c thit lp mc

nh.
OEM_FIXED_FONT Font ch c nh, da trn b k t OEM. V

d, i vi my IBM, font OEM da trn
b k t IBM PC.
SYSTEM_FONT Font h thng ca Windows. c h iu

hnh dng trnh by cc thnh phn giao
din nh thanh tiu , menu, ni dung vn
bn trong cc hp thoi thng ip. Cc font
h thng ny lun c sn khi ci h iu
hnh, trong khi cc font khc cn phi ci
thm ty theo ng dng sau ny.
SYSTEM_FIXED_FONT Font Windows c s dng nh font h

thng trong cc phin bn trc 3.0.
Macro cc font nh ngha sn.
Np: HGDIOBJ GetStockObject(int fnObject) Nu thnh cng, tr
v handle font ch. Ngc li, gi tr tr v l NULL.
Trong , kiu HGDIOBJ l HFONT, bin fnObject l mt trong cc
macro bng trn.
Gn ch s cho DC: HGDIOBJ SelectObject(HDC hDC, HGDIOBJ
hGDIObj) Tr v handle font ch va s dng trc, li tr v
GDI_ERROR
Hoc gn hn, ta c th gi :
SelectObject(hDC.GetStockObject(fnObject));
DeleteObject (i tng): hy.
V d:
HFONT hfnt, hOldFont;
hfnt = GetStockObject(ANSI_VAR_FONT);
if (hOldFont = SelectObject(hdc, hfnt))
{

TextOut(hdc, 10, 50, "Sample ANSI_VAR_FONT text.", 26);
SelectObject(hdc, hOldFont);
}
Xc nh kch thc font
BOOL GetTextMetrics(HDC hdc, LPTEXTMETRIC lptm);
typedef struct tagTEXTMETRIC // tm
{
LONG tmHeight;
LONG tmAscent;
LONG tmDescent;
LONG tmInternalLeading;
LONG tmExternalLeading;
LONG tmAveCharWidth;
LONG tmMaxCharWidth;
LONG tmWeight;
LONG tmOverhang;
LONG tmDigitizedAspectX;
LONG tmDigitizedAspectY;
BCHAR tmFirstChar;
BCHAR tmLastChar;
BCHAR tmDefaultChar;
BCHAR tmBreakChar;
BYTE tmItalic;
BYTE tmUnderlined;
BYTE tmStruckOut;
BYTE tmPitchAndFamily;
BYTE tmCharSet;
} TEXTMETRIC;
Cu trc TEXTMETRIC gm 20 thnh phn, mt s thnh phn quan

trng gm:
tmHeight: Chiu cao k t tnh bng pixel.
tmInternalLeading: Vng cha du trng m.
tmExternalLeading: Khng gian gia 2 dng.
tmAveCharWidth: B rng trung bnh mi k t.
tmPitchAndFamily: H ca font (8 bit).
V d:
static int cxchar, cychar;

TEXTMETRIC tm;
case WM_CREATE:
{
hdc = GetDC(hwnd);
GetTextMetrics(hdc, &tm);
cxchar=tm.tmInternalLeading+tm.tmExternal;
cychar=tm.tmAveCharWidth;
ReleaseDC(hwnd, hdc);
return 0;
}
case WM_PAINT:
{
for(int i=0; i<10; i++)
TextOut(hdc, cxchar, cychar*i, aaa, 3);
}
Tnh di ca xu k t
Cc k t hin th c b rng khc nhau do vy khng nn dng
hm strlen() ly s k t di.
Dng hm: BOOL GetTextExtentPoint32 (HDC hdc, LPCSTR
lpszString, int len, LPSIZE lpSize);
typedef struct tagSIZE
{
long cx;
long cy; //Tnh theo n v logic
} SIZE;
len: Tng s k t.
To lp c tnh mi cho font ch
HFONT CreateFont (int Height, int Width, int Escapement, int Orientation,
int fnWeight, DWORD Italic, DWORD Underline, DWORD StrikeOut,
DWORD CharSet, DWORD outputPrecision, DWORD ClipPrecision,
DWORD Quality, DWORD PitchAndFamily, LPCSTR lpszFontName)
Vi:

PitchAndFamily: DEFAULT_PITCH | FF_DONTCARE
charSet: ANSI_CHARSET
outputPrecision: OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS
clipPrecision: CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS
Quality: DEFAULT_QUALITY
fnWeight: 0 1000 (thng thng l 400)
Tn Gi tr Tn Gi tr
FW_DONTCARE 0 FW_SEMIBOLD 600
FW_THIN 100 FW_DEMIBOLD 600
FW_EXTRALIGHT 200 FW_BOLD 700
FW_ULTRALIGHT 200 FW_EXTRABOLD 800
FW_LIGHT 300 FW_ULTRABOLD 800
FW_NORMAL 400 FW_HEAVY 900
FW_REGULAR 400 FW_BLACK 900
FW_MEDIUM 500
Macro xc nh m nht lfWeight
Ti liu tham kho
[1] NG VN C: Lp trnh C trn Windows. Nh Xut Bn Khoa Hc

K Thut 1998.
[2] NGUYN NH QUYN MAI XUN HNG: Gio trnh lp trnh C trn
Windows. Nh Xut Bn i Hc Quc Gia Tp. H Ch Minh 2003.
[3] MSDN 10/2001

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Mc lc

Bi 1: GII THIU CHUNG

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win ...............................................................................................Trang 2/69

2. Cc th vin lp trnh ca Windows

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win ...............................................................................................Trang 3/69

Win32 (SDK): ng dng 32 bits, ch s dng th vin SDK.

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win ...............................................................................................Trang 4/69

4. Lp trnh s kin (Even driven programming)

Pht sinh cc s kin v thng ip

Virtual Key & Scan code

Qui trnh x l thng ip

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win ...............................................................................................Trang 5/69

5. Cc thnh phn giao din ha (GUI)

MDI Multi Document Interface:

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win ...............................................................................................Trang 6/69

9 Cho php thay i kch thc ca s (Resizeable).

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win ...............................................................................................Trang 7/69

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win ...............................................................................................Trang 8/69

Window caption Minimized,

standard bar tool bar

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win ...............................................................................................Trang 9/69

6. Cu trc chng trnh C for Win

7. Qui trnh hot ng ca chng trnh ng dng

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 10/69

Lp trnh trn Windows l lp trnh trn c s thng ip, qu trnh trao i

Lap trinh C for Win

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 11/69

4 int WINAPI WinMain (HANDLE hInst, HANDLE hPrevInst,

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 12/69

50 GetClientRect (hwnd, &rect);

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 13/69

L mt tp cc thuc tnh m HH Windows s dng lm khun

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 14/69

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 15/69

o Sau khi ng k thnh cng ta c th to lp ca s thng qua hm

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 16/69

o thng bo cho ng dng bit l phi v li vng lm vic ca ca

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 17/69

Cc trng thi xut hin thng ip WM_PAINT:

10. Ti nguyn ca ng dng (Resources)

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 18/69

Icon Biu tng.

11. Mt s kiu d liu mi

12. Phn tch, tm hiu source code ca project

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 19/69

8 TCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING];// The title bar text

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 20/69

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 21/69

99 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 22/69

145 return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 23/69

rcPaint cha to vng bt hp l.

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 24/69

2. Tng quan v GDI (Graphics Device Interface)

ng dng Ng cnh Trnh iu Thit b

a) Lm vic vi ng cnh thit b

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 25/69

V tr hin th k t TextOut() l ta tng i trong ca s (ta

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 26/69

Hy MDC bng hm DeleteDC.

Bi ging: Lp trnh C for Win .............................................................................................Trang 27/69

If (!BitBlt(hdc, 0, 0, rect.right, rect.bottom, hMemDC, 0, 0,