Se oe 2 es oe? a Pay |e) OF ae LA ae ao) oe) ean Se OL eA ae od uy jae"SN EM SIDWEA, 2 Ape ole.» wel aels | Bhergad ZWiaels . was aanaZpy AAMagnus gio! gam (gh Cleglnall Saladin! Gud gb Aaj gh LSI Nha ylove] Saleby cam Y «PBL Go Guise ghd O3! go SUSAN Go Sat ols AS Luckiual gh Ai All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopyings, record= any information storage retrieval system, without the prior permission in writing of the publisher. (dg¥) Aadall geisih 2002 Ul s/s / ptt sits 2001 /4742 goes ELY! 652 ISBN 9959-29-030-1 (jy! cluy! 5, thes, Gigi SSG apne ELIZ 5 Gill qaany Slab GUy- all pod gale g Lb igual HGLH I pag gh 0961 . 1.542778 ipSldg SLs . 03 .933989 5 gal Obl - cag SiL 349820, yo uBS NG gull gilesall dag} BAG aly 15 gly yl ye Lalas Jo 8 abl! A paleall. yublye 00218 . 21, 4442758 : std .00218 . 21 3338571 . 4449903 . 4448750JgNI fail Raided! alae! wm ASV teh! eae 1. SU deal dee Lado! slueVI be 11 elyledt 2.1 Was! WH) 2.1 = ~ AFIS I) ele ORY 4.1 a peal bed) oYole 5.1 om DSI fail he cyte gl baal! lg Uly Ole pereed 1.2Sigal SEW 3.2 lyse yer whee 4.2 JigAl gig pau 5.2 EAS! Di SWI eal! duals obi ee cul 13 Ups! oly) Gb 2.3 AU aYYL 3.3 113 anon UUBYW we Ligh 43 Jha YI woe GUY etl ole oll pan 24 a ~—hrereres—eN LAS pW Vi dete! 4.4 seneneneeent gH Ws UV deeadl 5.47 yell Ae Sy JyVl dees goal SLY Bel og ole some Gals) feed gle bd fail olerdl de ols eel adil Ayty Jay a ne Gay LL . VY spall pill a w= GUY GAS! tly edi Ae bo gas Sail pall gle aad hak Sple seme OLS, Cy pS] enn 355 tb «les ual Ube 6.4 74 8.4 olsGy Qadid 8 ght Jail Janse My HV! diya ee om WI yah 1.7 ae Dw 2.7 sow Hyatt QUI I! 3.7 OUI Yary Aa ae JU QuYi den! 4.7 sone Boden! pb SISA Skyy tte 5.7 wm gh IOS y gall 6.7 cles cpl aad Lthtell Sly aga 290 sn W YI Gets dl Se Dl 1.8 293 cannon wd SeVl deta pled Gee eyes Ub 2.8 0 W GV detdly YA Su Ub 3.8 enone W GLY! tetas plod Jb Se Ub 4.8 lags GY! tetally plod abGy bE Su We 5.8 se Gall rail Ge syle9 hse coll ual Asst tyall 313 mn Bal pled Gry Gerd Wb 1.9 316 nen om 48 eld Geary Gaal Pl JVI derail 2.9 3.20 enrennnnennnenannnneninnenitarinnninnnnsinntnsnn smo YIN SlgaSl 4 3.9 323 Kats yall La LlG, pols 4.9 325 nmunsnisrinnnni Hasty gall yySae 5.9 328 cnemnninneinnnn — Qa Tig Sad UV deed! 6.9 ous 1.10 337 snmnsennnnininininninsnninnnnninai Utes Sha yaw pls 2.10 ome GS 5eNI 5 pS Hy jb) Lokal Dial Lal 3.10 348 snnensennsnsenininnnninininintnsnininniiaineninininin — eri JUS 4.10 Abad! SUIS!Say Jats 10 pe gebsl basil bd) oll! sown Uda) GA SL> YI pls 1.11 1 WS) OAV Lhd! OWA oe BAS) 2.11 Eh SUEY! 3 ols! 3.11 dpa) ULE G SL! 411 igdadll OWE Y! 3 ger og Led! S11 409 sone se phe Golo frail! gle auld pe gl hail! JpISD) ge leaks Olygall gp ESL eyed! 1.12 ne gl db 2.12 GUM Syally JAS 3.12 se gl fail Ge gules pie SU pail 4S yo)! ola 45 poS\ alae! plas 1.13 BS pl alae! le ollee 2.13 sow 4S yall slaeSU gall tac! 3.13 4S pS sue Vly GYolest! 4.131 hse we phe CIS! frail le gy bs soe Fed) Jelly SISSY yan Be Sigal 1 by dye vows gral pan KE QUI 22 phy Spee ee = ssl Syl 23 5) Syee ob NM olWaad! is - gelallJaSahy Jadsst13 Og GN Use Jo! Aaulali Aatee Gell eo peyd debe LAW (pissy polidl) GEE te Qo ay aad es NS BS] BLEM Ls lee oe WS He diay LS fall ide Slee ge BY GUT oe I 6 2 sl all Glee ge — USI Nhe Sb - Qetl ell oye od acall Gg of Bs gles UneT Yt of US platen gle opel gf tall sf os! BP ret I Labs Bled! ob abe pF UL pluseel Ole YI Gan, ake gal Ly IgM 3 ghedl Oly de Eis SUSI Ne ye Jy pat! ~ Led Sl le ppl aI deeled! SLISU (YY! qui wl ai) ISIy felis! Bole Ue Ge Al GeV USL, Dapall del I Fogel doled HS Le SSL etl Oly ie Rha pene MLS le ge SIM opel LI del & Sill saball, SLISU Gill EID al ly au ASN ZL EES le opal ge OLS Mie Gar ge Lae SN pg i Udder le tele SE go SG ode atyy hall GebSY 4625! pgldl Gly CLSb yt! ge Eos! BW Cee Wa By dapbll Bayt be JS alos eed o SV sl Lob WU ob ob Uisly Goby jpop deeb OLS HS | IL IB otASA y Jastaatl 14 eld ol eel B Ut Geatew al Cole yd yall ass shee! wy sass Wa le dnc! yap d 0955 Al GY! Gan eel OISY ab Yast 3 LUE as jleeM gy Exes LS OLS! Le olepozu, BAe oly eto pesll plabeels dae SI UY ge BIS! jail ele SI pol LASS ESI Wa oe sel Gaus Lanes fy eb QT Ls tS Mis gy thle ell Bee gil beled! else Exes pl oS oe W gl cule ge Lyte GSI La ats pe Vobeb sl Bb Eee gh plat ob Suis Gla gay LY taza Apdall foe Sy Geb ge LY hb ai gdh all bins Bolu! Gay Tele pla - Ge = eh Gul Oo LSE pled eguslell oo pbs lee 3 Gael was... SUa le tly cel gd Lal Oo: ely! ss cab, dal ts! CS sh cB ghsy Byer Epo sel! cer sal SESL Ul I oe Box ile tab, Lob! al ge iy Steely Opal ty Lydd gel JS SAI aus B JSe Bole dle Shell ESA bby Vylr GEA We 05% S J a 1991 gy oly!15 NN GL Le AUN Asdall desde coh ab ad gle Jay Lee LSI ble ge LUI Gb! olin Ly ad Sy PSUS Oly pie gd gle QIU! els 3 ee Glad! yall LL! aldly Leb! CUS 3 is5 adi de Slat YS AI WW eb J Cb! pas of le HS Lee MY os al QW Lisl ui Us oly OES ett slp oe JISEVG Gelb 7.5 oy ehh fei Last US cy lets Uplel welt eed Ble] Ca ESI Mae ge UV pn GL hy dota! peel Gear LS GLI Ms oF tela dey abd 25 al ole Gpts ASly pel JS BS ehh toe OLS Ue 5 toye poll GILLI Fes ell tly Clzel Slee le Joly Le WAI dalatly Slabs gb Gull ta elael 5 U Lay USD lee yey CHET Sl bell gel al de ty ll Geld) OL ply PSs fol! ot de Chil Gages GUS ase OES le ngs le, veakall pplinge GA Ley poll sppreedly GES) ple! Yo patel ded! OLS ob as Fel Baya de erlals sell ell he YSWSs Jat 16 olsk yl Tle Go Ay pall E2haIl Bly! Lie Lee OS ol pb : sqrasal eM Ley dl oly Oldget Legge dare Glas, oo wal A gli te deel 1999 /9 /117 Waal ssc8 Audshoe)) sted Real Numbers gc Total gary Lee ote gl le Upanl Say cal B peed Al ss US jay OLE Gye gate pls UsT ay cold oe bur We Ul! rol gl oN jadh dole N= {1,2,3,...} lly Genll ase cod Liles tye nb lege ts Numbers) doupx.a} (int 0, +1, 2,+3,... olay targa! ei CSLay peal Uged} Glas Rags olbe I Gay ols orally cenll ole cod Hilts de pra!ASA, uaticdl 18 al gh ef pd tered eV depend jens 1 = {0, +1, +2, +3, ...} (Rational Numbers) i DEO, teres quale Oa ab tee F JSD le all ste gay cot gh Q pay Gala) olde! de permed jews Q= {Fiabe 1. 40} Spel dll stl 05S a Gone sie gl ot eh fous sh 60.243 Jee Lyre Gyre bre ay of Uf tld! sat 1s gblbll » Seay ce ob Ete = 0.272727. pa 0.883. ; = 0.28571428571..., il (irrational Numbers) iA! 2 siaeV! a ae oF JRE le LS Sap Y Gd otal gee eelsll nF tll dase ole po helall 2 alae ob gl. goeree Gude Oe Dy Qe Sk Hela) pF eV doped joy Held bleed os6 Y coll rol gl Q =frirF pabe DB cr = 314159265... Spee pe ole Qt LLY 2 . V3 = 1.73205081 » V2 = 141421356...19 Rasa Jack (Real Numbers) iAgou! sited! Foyer poy dla by GLa! ote! US Qs Gade! ole rol gl UR pe Jb dased! site R= QUO hE fiir ote JS Hl Ge gel be le be, Lae oe VI hs BY Lstl le thei fs of gl HUGS eee Sally chad Bly sh tals Qi ote UL Lins = ee ghey 0 pie oad GLY 0 dhs Vyf as er—~—~—OO——r—r——r—C—C—CSC an, 11 Jotul cy A iw! (Coordinate) flim] jaw A tha bil a oul «(Real Line) 4d! slucY) be BY) Lil is Be peme cpe Ute le peel tap ole opens oF LSI 5 ell ote de pers ge Lie de yams Lye ty oD deepeall ole rol gl GR tage! se dep Ue pee Vy Q N CICQCRJAG Justia 20 JStsl Ajeke one gl lal pty HLH sla pe perme oot oes BSB) ods @oy 2.1) LOB cdise Iolucl a,b,c ils 13] + alm oe a+b «a> oe ab (2 Ade ve 40 L5G sets) Hand Gal, el pail yay oe oe 0 4 Lo pall Ela Eady alae paiall yay cake sue 15 (oa) gree peer a A> ate JS 6 (2) god eer tall gale Ve Ae te JT21 Wasall saeN\ 11 Lat bdkey eed! Ula pled C/) ee We Be HI! gull G Rb BL! ell 60, sgtld ove V2 lS pb ode VB-1 oo 10 rapid nb ode 5 sg v2 ld pb ode veettd ab hte Uy Cas hue 0% af LY abd oul vacua! le dey Bot Sr aoe ale [SI Haredall sbe I de yma 3 rer Geyer Gack cue JS fone O3% ob LY gy claps hoe aed! oa OS VG Lets Al! oe ye BBY ote adie yore gle JS ge a Q B 4 (5 6 q (8 oO sre Ser Sree ob eee ade JS (10 -NIQ (lASA asst 22 (nequalities) colulal! 2.1 gett He GB a sta ULE! ERE CSS tone Gite a,b ols 13 sass! ye pt a sant of dye WE cole I bt de b sad WLled! daw cpt peel b saad! Of Wd Ud «IK ca > b YRS gle lS Sig ob va sash asby ach (b sdal Gale ol oe pla stall) a= b 6 a>b : ford! celyleall GIL By > eS e< OLUY Gandy oles Gand eh LOB chase folucl a,b,c sls 13 wb=agla0sbac dly GR c2 dybeadl dye sey]23 Bal) Ase sat 2x >1 03] Qe+1—1>2-1 OS cys ,bU (-1) Bla a>5 Fue haw (5) B erally gl ai gl viglzall wid Se jee by ST oe 2 Jui Kyles) ode Ue se yl 1-30 >2 ols 1 bo! 1-32-1>2-1 Oy% cgd,bU (-1) Lab —3a >1 o3| i : ly, . w< 3 OS «(-3) Forts Lead} sy) of LY) WI oe G Os . ae _ . . Egle ol Me ya Zot el ote gl al gl (Intervals) = 108 ca a} 1 JSSL sue! bas le tas < eae +b sda ge poll ca Libel olde VI JS de yems ay (—00,b) (2 (00, b) = {asa a} iYSty slueN) Le le fess, < (oeeeseereme arenes aSay juattl 26 hb pe pee ox Lad ale JS departs (-c0,)] 4 reply) (-c0, b] = {a: 2 $d} 1 JSASl ole! dae le fray CigigaeS) LEN ped Gye Leng) -009 $00 Gejezll Ob thee Gare R= (00, +00) : JRA! le Lael alae BLS gh Wels GLAU se bs be Lats Uebbyy cfott te per aesl .-ll<2r-3<7 -8< 20 <10 re jeard cele! Gb UG) SLE -40 ols (3, 2 Jy8I dedi >t shide tol des oe fb tyke! Ge Leyes OL or <0 ye BIW UE fb Joli OS HU, ir <0 yy (2,00 (fs) Hp 5 Jui. e+ 2-250 OS I) fol de yams dey! b (©+2)(e—-1) JS ge a? +e-2 ObS YSy of US (@-1)y (@ +2) geldentt of es (B+ 2)(e= 1) >0 oT Baru be dle Uy be gare US pot cr cree - ot ttt tte tt + (2-1) LY f 7 — ------ Feet ete tet tae + (w4+2) dl]JAS, Justis 28 (-00,=2)3 (1,00) gall Bb LEY) nt Led of ete cell oe @ € (-00,-2) U(1,00) to! de pare 5) 6 Lie Brno . : ‘tpu7 Ss? RylaeW Godt de yore try! Jat ce Tah aS gee 22-720 IS HH) 2 IgM! Deu! rob ear 7 GB lea Opes aS-4 ot Gap Was br +2<0 NLD) Gables GI gage Les vec E OL US Goan ee 7<0 OS Uf ABUT Dh LOB 227 op alee pty ol I Gey Was 32422029 RAB shaedy ZA yg yet SVE ge Ue YS Sb Jol dope desl 9 gull J 2-3¢>1(2 2-1 2243 <° . 1 fe z4a a9 <5 3c +4 <6 (8 role Le ole Gey atl! -2<3r4+4<27 (1 2-3 <0 (3 ate (5 2 +6r+1<0(7 0,y>2} 10 {(@,y): 2 <0,y<-1} (1 {(w,y) +2? > 0} (12 {(a,y) :@+2y <1} 3 {@,y):2+y>1 4 {(z,y):4< 2? +y? <9} (15QASAIy Justaath 30 Malad) Gel 3.1 (Absolute Value) GUS Guy cle jeSy oie one GY hs) LU py z>0 : 2£<0 O5S5 Ol a Yc gbeb> sre oN ila! Ga OF be 6 cial y+ hays OSS ae ote GY Walheal! Kal ol gl cash gl all y SI Lae ol —Lrt—~—~—C—C—CUCU_CSCisCNC rob caz,ye R cals 1 r= 0 bw OS Ufy Bf je] =0 A - [allyl = |zyl «|x| = V2? BUSS y | - 2| = |e] GB Ly $0 ol bye 2|-% (431 Bsa) hae slet+yl < |e] + yl -|2? = 2? (6 sw=-y gl aay LB OWS lal, lal fel=y 7 sola MU Gol sd Bl Say (5) Hell LB yas Gy cu Syl WsSs 2 <|a| of faye Gs tty Slelt+|y| 208 Ws sry (ety) < lel+|yl QS os es -y Slyly 2 < |x| HWisy MAL ste 3 pall Role 5) (le] + ly) sty sl (lel + (yl) Sty s|ol+lyl syle thee oN spas gay frtyl Slo] + ly) OG 1.1 tl oy IW Leb dad! Ga [2s dell degell Geol sll oe 108 «a> 0 ols 34 cca slr da bb OMS (iy 15! [xl >a [Br +4) <2 Syleell > SILT 5 @ Cres 25 Be 44 <2 bas OLS lop |3] [etal <2 6 <3¢<-2 tol es ce!ASAI Jesh 32 Wises —Z thud oS 6G) ge Gah wee [-2-2] 2p babel ol oll dep oF gl fot 228 GW poll -seyl e+2<-8 gh ct 2>8 LB OW Uy UB) lot 228 oO gle rend gd pbll y+ 2) Chi +228 UL GY ‘rol gl cgabphll ge 2 Coo le ens er 2s -8 LI! ULSI By c<-l0 - (00, =10] U (6,00) 2 fodll pene OF aad colle ye VLSI ge UL YS 3 poll te pare desl 13 1 ge gull 3 role bs de hy iJ! [3a — 2| > |2e+1| 2 jae +1) <5 [32-5] >2 (4 jz| - Px+ 1 20 GB jz — 5] = [3x —1] (6 Qe —3)+fe-1j=4 : jz-2>17 [3a +1] |x? 4] >5 (10 laa} (11 [a2 +2043) >5 (12 1 jerz|26 03 z .y $0 ol byt 2|-4 sal gle gay (14 , it : #0 af be Hl { 1 oF ial eos 15MSDs Jacl 34 G45 1K 9H) abel LEY els 4.1 (Cartesian Coordinate System) Lage JS gam egualece altel ght ye AE,IGUI OH YI pl 0554 LO fo! dled sue OLblny Lee pel gop ype ey OX ell yell BY opel Gee LY golall tee Hoy) ae ga) Lee, GLU yet Ge J A the JS BUI sh goles! GUE y Gans J ot ed! SRY ot ee LA dae) gal el : Js! et (0,0) 1G. -3) 3.1 fst HU et es! el LOB Cyndy gersd (Gd)s (a,b) o's 13} a=cy b=d bi OS lal U3} (a,b) =(c,4)35 BSal\ aed 2A days Speed La shee pe DSS CL US epee ed etl le ed IS Gees opal det l GulS dl Geel OsSay hey We] O65 St Gp CLM ge OS JV! es Ugstlaady Le IYI tte] Og Al taps CLI ye BI el 0585 NI RSS LGW ge GIL Gel Oy Ley clay SWI dle! OS A ll CL oo Qh! gl Oey IL SF GAL JSeh jst) We gill sleds ebay dy! agrees Grp oles 3 olay el Ayes (4,-3) Abad po, qbUd ey solsball ped ILS ole Bolin wy cole -(4,-3) deal 3S IG cell 8 ch 5 (Distance Between Two Points) (By A geil yg BLial! sleep Ale, yn), Blea ty) € FP cst 13] LC go Uglpl BE ABC hl 03S =(a2,y1) lea C ted) tle] ot dest tfeg— mi] Galt AC BLS! OB tals il be be Cy A dl lay Gold BO GLAS OG tals gopee be de Cy B ght Os sly —YASNy ahi 36 -AB? = AC? + BO? 201 dad yet Lb d= VAB = VAC? + BC :al si d= yla2-mP + (yo— a)? 103 rOfo ela)? = 2? of lay Boal Taye Teall ode gant B(x2, y2) a — | lye - wl a | _| jm—m) Cla.) 4A Jeet 9 Jus (3, 7)3 (2,5) gehesll ge Ball sey! hal (@2,y2) = (—3,7)s (t1,4n) = (2,5) d} fed d= Vea) + on)? 103] d= \/(-3-3)? + (7-5)? = V2 44 = V29 ~ 5.3851648137 Basal aed [ 4tonta | Uglies By Shall aaa) a3 de gs Gill el St 6 MT ge gull B 2 glSll Cees (-1,4) @ (1,2) G-3) 4 (3, -2) G (v2,-*v8) (6 (j7) 6 ISB gr Sdell gah! ge Bloc sesh 10 ST ge gull S 1a (-}.3)2 0.4) @ (2, Vy (-2,3) 7 (a,b+1)3 (a+1,6) (0 (-7,-8)3 (-3,-5) ert e932 O95 (-4,2)9 (14) (3-1) «(-2,~3) bas ol ass (11 5S Hyglis (2,2) 5 (-2,3) gop BEI OSG Coe t od JS desl (12 woldmy Sash Bl itd Gee saad! Lad! wigs) Gil CHS! obs BL Le se (13 A(2,9), B(-1,3),C(6,7) (I A(-1,4), B(3,6),C(1, 1) ( Lisle Be ge glal 4 dag bile le glad 10 dpb Le G25 (14 — =S—S—stéi‘COéCOSCSrs—s—s~sS0 ols BY (1 soedl shag ge LS p5 LIS feel SI ars petted! Ob em <0 ols BL 2 toed! age ct pet Gey IO Llp JB gam pete Le GB v= tand of gl tote yyoead ily peteall GP cold! Credmall aly bt my = my OW] emmy yo La geil Joey crm yA Dr pina Joo OI 13} Ly gily Lr eB OS ly 1 cttw)! als bt OB ema gh Ta pepe Joey crm gh Tr petted Jee abs 5 wLy le ogee Ly aid IS laf 13 mim, = -1 10 JLds (2,0) Gbebas) Cady y Li peated! le (2,1)5 (1,1) Oba! easy 15) cypbalece gl guslye Oladeaall OIF I] Le ode Ly ptm He (0,4)5 eal sOLjl se Loy Ly Olegknall 05)41 WBsal\ sseN\ 11 JLis Gr yae 29S Gill Le See deal .(1,4)3 (2,6) gabe Lr petal jas Dy prpitenadl de —o -1.. ., 4+6 ma == OB Ly L Le ot bay em => m=—t =H oy a0 ge poeall Dole slew! ade Ghby dhe DVL pun! Dole (1 vm ale ly (tit) AL Gay (Grsedl 5) L gegen Ol 8 2 oD chal de B(z,y) dele abs gl ich yu 2% =m Ol ded 6 fell Be ye oe le Uadiy vale Layla L ggtetl Wale Qo olay y 6.4 JstulJaSAly Jat 42 12 jis (1,2) daily pes 5 he Gil geil dale one esi yotnsm(o— a1) ale Maly aly Taylan gqtnell Daler rol ded cap =1y yn = 25 mate ue y-2=5(e-1) Qy— r= 3 1p Uyllad! Doll ot gi ade gph UL ptinall Dole Q mm tee OB ce pital le OL Blor, we) AGE.) Obes ests 3h » mao %- 2) pubes cade her (gill deally Alen) OSs tosh pte] 3s RLS! pall yom =m(a— 2) al gl _ ai — _Blarasyo)y Aei,vn) cseglae cpslaty slell panel! Wales ge oles4B QBN ase TA Sst 13 SLi 1, 43 GB, 2) gabatD gl patna! Dolor gle esi oaks tee plu’ a yon =) rode Guard = 1 cy =4y tr = 39 = —2 YS Geely 442 y+2=7 5 (@-3) y+3r=7 cal gl aaeiy Gi ejadly dhe DV pall Hobe 3 bala yyree ge cm age Oly 6b osldie Global syee ge fee hl b peal of 2) Ol ded cdhty oll Bye thai 5) yy = m(a— 2)WEAy Justia 44 y—b=m(e-0) 14 Jie 3 - 1 ; «. : qe cllall pu chisy a ale GI potted! tobe desl eal Lge elaball sou oo Eghiall edly full Bee y=mart+b oe year” Qe + dy =3 re SIG bia ThESL pry (OLS spe Giles Gl) Gal Z pete als 1) wun ge dbs BY gold glu-Yl OY em =0 ae ob 6 Alera) Ob L pote de ue thw (ay) Gils Ia]45 Waal saeN\ y-u=0 9.1 Jodi ARASL pery (OlLel ype Gly GI LA b preenedt ols 31 str ge vale abd GY gd) BeeY ob Ales) LOB CL pegktmedl le dele daw (x,y) Gls [3 oon Ali y) Fae LS ol ptell doles OSS Wis (eee | A(1,%1) t L Biz, y) 10.1 stiYaSAy Jat 46 15 JLis (2,1) Maid yay GUL GBM pciteall Doles asl eat yon @ AGiy) BL py Gil BMI pctnall Dole gh Byllasl| Doleall 63) 16 JlLis (3,0) WL py gill cel st ell dole seyl dealt gam Alnus) BBL ps Gil eA penal Wale a === peel! Dslaad Ubdl dy pall slacl A,B,C tae Art By+ C= 0 2h pktnell Walaa Ub By pall caely of 3 eall By A gole Vi betsy pond! Walaa Gelli Eyal! LLe yey Ar + By=0 18 «C=0 als 1 C1 A y=— Be A & pn 7 - a dang el diy pas pots tole as47 WBaad sed rlgey Ar t+e=0 OB B=0 cA #0 OW 1} (2 c oon A age oe lege ghiy oblall sou wily cel ne ales as aA tlds bl iigey -3 (2 e-2<5 (1 [2r+4,/<3 4 1-32<-2@3 22-4 4 - ao =27-2<— 1< <3 6 gras 26 8— 3: Se [5 |<3@ at =>3 (0 z vie] = wll < ley) ot gay C1 [allyl = ley ot gaz 12 se] =|—2] oT yay (13 Sedo Sdell geht gy Bld wash 16 M14 ye gull gb (2,0) (8,-1) (5 (4,7) (1,3) (14 (-1,-2)3 (-3,-7) 6 +(=2,6)5 (=4,4) gebeiy jl SI pegitnadl for de gh (17 pete silpetly (1,1) Gadd jLS pie Urlas ue yl (18 2x + 5y =6 pebmel cle soperts (0, 1) ARIE LSI pine! Urls te gl (19 2x + 5y = 651 ABBaN\ sac 2a By = ly @—Y=T capital able thaws del Sat Qy=3 apne! fe (2, Ly (2,3) abel sll peta! dole tes] (1,8) aL WS) BY et! Dobe seul Secslalall yo ge Det Sy = 1 git! aabad GU ej leje ghizy drt dy = —6 pte! ily GU peel Doles toy] 2 sjldde Slolall pyres ye goer of etal (pe gules Glee fos ibe H culs ii) BT) Ete GU! Gyls GeST poke JIM abel ye SUL! tT 7 Cc guy! A B eRe IIE pe GU ee le opel QE! dole desl (1,3) peteel yey LN had ALES SMS ass (0,0)5 (2,1) (-1,5)y Sal ph pHB Lube (-2,-2) (2,1) (1,8) aaydy gil Gdtell a ASE A GB Obey gall gd at yay Q0 Q1 Q2 Q23 (25 06 Q7 (28 Qo GoQASANy unkind 5253 ghd! Sena Algllg cle gerne)! Sets and Functions seals Se GH geal ¢IL Gad Pde gamed be pl ge LEY ol ES Sy br os AN Ug oI Las ole ee Ce oh le Caps Badly apace! LEY yy Crd A penal of Jal OF pe ABC, Bye SI Gy pot placed le lea Gye a : V By pall pladeal le culled Gps ole penal Ae ered lee 055 SI Cpe) LVI ge DyshM gph Bll Gel leyendl ge te le lps ELS gh cde perce Gs gS ll pel qeae ELS (1 ae cel a al bt A= {2,3,7,11} (1 N = {a,b, 9} (2Ys Jaki 54 IN = {1,2,3,4,...} G CP Lasbich Reyer Wd nal dd tepemall § poll os 2 {b,c,0} Fe yameell Yani syd ge de geresll pole jah tyne Eel elbe] (2 Feld ead pe ce Lapel gil ie paral ted fr: Plo} Seas .P del A={x:123 0 ge wi sae x} = (2,3,5,7,11} (4 B= (c€N:3<2< 7} = {3,4,5,6} (5 pois Reyer ll (pc) paral OF gle UYU (6) jdt pte Gol ee) le DY GC) pl (The Empty Set) 4JG3! 26 gercc)! pee Gl ke GeV gl epi Y van Bp pdt diy ESI Be gers! ge er (GB) 6 jal prey FANGS! de yemeell le UV (} pS! b> Deal A= {ai delgly eal ge cay) ode 2} (6 Ba {az tur 200 jyley ope Sb z} (755 Soally che gent (Finite And Infinite Sets) geo! pe 5 Level! Glo gered poll gan he Geos gl ALE Gils 1b) (finite) igo de pt Oy ary eee de nol be Agee Ga! CAS 13] (Infinite) tga po de peed O45 vlapelis ote ge yy VY iepemall Gb pola sLSG cies pete Gi Bye yell LE! eps (8 Cee! tae thy HLS SL el epee (9 Engh oe VI de yore (10 (EWN Haale) Rosy AIS GeV Eas S Gpgbenedl Ub de pores (11 OFF geet galt Updo gy 55ST 1] (A= B) gt B de yemell eho A de areal Moly de yore gral WIS 1 gl 12 Jlic -A=By B={3,4,5} (A={x:2€N,2<2< 6} | | (Set Inclusion) A giayi | 7 US IS Ta] eB de geoeadl oo (Subset) U5; dryers A depend ACB, .B J] a A pole oySAS, Quatanth 56 13 JLis .ACB od) «A= {2,9,10} «B=N | As (Proper Subset) iad A352 de gers A is proc! | Ab des, VB ib pate CB es | | | ACBS tah LS gar zene Gold Gh of phn ele bind oy -BOA Wiss AC B LB ols lis Bb) A=B Bren VA yam Goel pee J Ue ary ol AGB ow au Callao Le vie gers Gl ge Ue Me pers WEI de pel (1 vbdey WES de penal (2 Gl de GB Oey Hepemadl pole OS 357 Mya che gag 1.2 gaya SEM oe Ue topes OSS UI Cle gard ge UT el A= {xe R:2? ~87+12=0} B= {6} C= {24,6} D = {2,4,6,8,... (ACO Ol se yay BCC y ACB Os Sa Histo pole JSt gle deprsll ye Ze 6 3 oe guledl G a gSdbadl Gaol oye {wel:22 <9} 4 {eEN2 <5} G {cEN:3<2<5} 6 {ce R: 42? -42—1=0} ‘5JAS Janta 58 (Operations On Sets) le gas! de oles 2.2 (Union) abe! (1 Al poll gor of OSS I Be yemdl OF Cyce perme By A CIS [3] pel UW pays (By A gee perl slut pad cyse erst! dl] .AUB AUB={x:2€A 3l xe B} (Intersection) abled (2 Cc Spt pola ge 0555 ll Le pemtl OB cyte pms By A cls 1 ek UW pees (By A ope gereall bU pad By A ose permed! on -ANB ANB={a:2EA 5 re BS (Complements) GS-1 (3 Reyer ge By A yee pera! oe Gil OB cst perme By A CIS 13] pens Bb see Ve A Sars gl cell aero OHSS ll LA-B pJe Ui A-B={x:2€A 5 2¢ Bh Kell ASAI GG A Weyer) Hdl Biepmall US Goat A- BOB «BCA oils (3) Ba ede WD joys59 galls che east OW bogeys gob — Gla Gall - ALA de yensll ol ys rel de oS Eat ALLE de pers She OS leper a ed als IL Js PAB OF gobs GIN Laclall ole de gree ao abel ue ctl ae Bole fos) UL de yee es Geel! ole YI dees) Fob ole tae olbee pla Che Sky U pdl WLU de peed oN & sercal! WSs pend U- B= ABO WU AULA ge pared a A Cl 15) Bo ja Su WD jens 0B Bea {aire Bh ay spl tee Bas gles 14 JLts tae yl B= {2,3,5,6}5 cA = {1,2,4,8} cals (31 A-Be ANB AuB( ALL! Se gerald ROSS lene BY (3 _ -AUB = {1,2,3,4,5,6,8} (Tf ANB=Q} | -A-~B= {14,8} (eo -B=R-B (sSSAA Justia 60 1.2 salt61 Moly che gent ; — | 2.2 Gayled BHA y A-By ANBy AUB gy 9S sesh 3 QM ge gules o B={c:a*~Se+4=0} 5 A={e:c-1=3} (1 B={x:r>2} 4 A={x:|el>3} (2 B={a:|r-2>1} 5 A={e:|2-2 <5} G Fah He gay 13 4 oe ull AUB=B LB OW Ii J ACB (4 ANB=A bb dIS Ii, BL ACB (5 AUBCC dB BCC,ACC 6 A=B LB IS 135 | ANB=AUB (7 A-B=ANB® (8 (AUB) = ASN Be (9 (AN B)® = ACUBE (10 A\UADU...U Atm OB OB G=1,2,.4n JI ACB als BL CI AC BN BN..NBy 206 i=1,2..4n JS ACB als 13) 2 ANB=o hid OlS tly 13) BO AS (13 taeyl Lab buen als ib) (14 Ul-mal © Ups] c folie aj BASEL Rosle pee By A CaS 1 (15 (A~ B)U(B- A)62 sly SUS 3.2 | (Sut yall) 1.2 Gaya” PAS pS Cla ye Og gl de pepet lee pene By A al ot i83 | By A cyte parea GIS Opell pod ye Ay TEA Cee (0,9)'| | Ax B Sas | Ax B= {(x,y): 2 € A,y € B} | 15 jLis .Bx Ay Ax B tes! (B= {1,2}y A= {a,b,c} SSS 13 eat elt opal 6AM BM syed ose pera! Gael bs LBA ie yamal! WSs (AX Bie zane! pole ga ablill bs Ax B= {(a,1), (a,2), (b, 1), (6,2), (¢, 1), )e,2)} Bx A= {(1,a), (1,0), (1,6), (2,4), (2,6), (2,6)} LAX BEBXA ke Utell oe AxB Bx A Bh Af 2 c : b a63 Voaly che geal (Relations) 2 USLJ! 1b ee RBIS despa [ay (ad) ER gl aRd 2S OT oka! 3 a LUrt—“—O—OOSsS DEB pola) JS Leper ge OR BI Ge -Ran(R) C255 Ran(R) = {b€ B: (a,b) € R} desl Lu Gal R iS A= {2,3,5,6} Gils 13) AxA (I LA Je R BIS) 2SAS y juatiall 64 eat Ax B= {(2,2), (2,3); (2,5), (2,6), (3,2), (3,3), (3,5), (3, 6), (5,2), (5,3), (5,5), (5,6), (6,2), (6,3), (6, 5), (6,6) } R = {(2,2), (2,6), (3,3), (3,6), (5,5), (6,6)} 3.2 days) BS Sas BSA ge Be Ry ype peres By A CHS 13) Rb lets aby Lace Rta Ol ee $A IB ye RO Be pp R GLI Ue Sb R = {(2,2), (6,2), (3,3), (6,3), (5,5), 6,6)} 4.2 anya ce Be Rol 42,4) | RBS of Iys A pare JS oRa lite bidy ue isle (1 bRa dh i Bw aRb ke by ue lie (2 i TM sop ORey GRb Line bly Live WEG | Whiiny LSlae Be ROS tue L Lesce BISce (4 | iy) ees 10 chddell ote VI degen A= IR Ol ye td ASLexe gf LSLece Cond Ss UL Be > (1 WB ace Cond Sy ESLery WU Be > 2 iS. Be =65 Daally De gant (Functions) J\sJ! $6.2 day ee ¥ Ko oe ie al Be pf dui ~ Dom(f) = x a ya 2 Ob 6 Goes fuer ols 3) : Si WP CY GX ye Ub f cals bf f:X3Y endef oe Va y= f(a) Sty (aus ae) 6.2 aps i (nate 6 pate JS as Og ol Xo Be pp Ui! : 2 yer) of BG cou x (image) 3,0 your y Of cy = flo) ols (3) (SUAS 350) syrall JS te yarer OF liek Lid ells f: XY Cals bf of DI gle gs Ran(f) = {ye Y:y= f(e),2 € X} -Ran(f) CY of lewSally Justia 66 ot oly of UiAU (Codomain) Less! GUAT Y isypenell Ga eee bass! Ble BI Gar Gyby ot wos pall _ x f DW bad! Sued! pel ae sae ,S1 ee [e] Se f@ = [2] Badly fs: RR UU 1t ggley sh a gy67 Soally Sle gent f(z) =22 Badly fs RoR Vw! -[0,co] 828) ys Ran(f) gS5 tides! ole) JS de yeas ys Dom(f) fe) =e Body fs ROR Dwi Teper Lad lus cyan! ole! JS iepens ye Dom(f) GUaI! veoh! (Gla cule f de Ob DLS ode by ded! ole) ySASay adil 68 21 Jie Badly fR- R Viv 1-2? , r<0 (7.2 JSasi_ jest) ot x , c>0 waded! ola JS ie yeme yo Dil ode Guy Gli DI odigh CoLaad! Gla syle Goal of Lal bese rt 7.2 foi hwy Le Uo fre OL! Mle OB cle of Gey) OL, ee tad wBdaly ALE ge ASL Goyer be gl js Y bce69 Saally cle yest 10955 dey A gle Be R ily A= {a,b,c} SIS 13} R= {(a,a), (b,b), (c,¢); (@,); (0,4); (¢, 4), (a,¢)} LR BGS Glbiy Gu sesh (1 LAGE Be CH GES Why Sku Be R ol wel ( PBI CHS B= {e,y,z} 9 A= {a,d} CAS 13} R= {(a,2),(b,y)} RBM Sar desl : 1 idegl fle) = B= 7 IE 1 F(x) + f(A) (G fe+Az) 0 2 1 1 ey!’ & ja A) 4 2 , £€Q s)-{ th LS Bye fs ROR Ol 6 -1 , rEeQ hae! FVD 1 i() 4 Th LS Bye f: Ro RIS 1 Q B (6JAS Justi 70 4z+3 , z>s f(z)=4a?-2 , 6SaS5 4-5c , a<-6 aonl tds LO] £8) & _ F6) _ ul f= 25 ess B07 £0) f(-) A 4(5) © f2) rillaeel DU! Glas te gl 17 8 ye qu ball _ f@)=(@+27" © f(z)=5-2 (8 3-8 f@=S5 a ao r@=# as a2 a4 6 18Uane!l DU GUas se yl 22 QW 18 oe gull 3 f(z)=2e-3 (19 f(z)=a-1 (18 f(@@)=28-4 (21 f(x)=27+1 (20 i) {it ESS on a) = 7 I-53 xz>0o Flo) = [23 +5] Dw GL a71 Joss legend f(z) =2+|c| Uo GY pol 24 cals BY (25 —x@ , @0 by Fell Ci pesSay Jatt 72 LOB cyglle gy f Cul 131 45 jlaie k Ol Ces x eDom(f) JS (kf)e = kf(e) (1) «€Dom(f)MDom(g) JS (f+ 9)(e) = fl) +9(z) (1) x €Dom(f)NDom(g) JS (f.9)(z) = f(z).9(z) (3) g(a) £0 rol by4 ze Dom(f)Dom(y) Js ({)@-8 4) tdxsl cole) =3e4+1 4 f(z) =V4—2 Gils 3] f Gofaafto Dom(g) = R 5 Dom(f) = {(t:-2 << 2} Dom(f) NDom(g) = {2:-2< 2 <2} :O8 «HWS yay 203] Stall Glad Jb x JS (Ff +9)(2) y= vie? +3c4+1 C1 ee ot 6 Apts Glad 3 2 JS (f9)(e) =(v4—27).82+1) GB73 Bests che guilt 4 et} y Mptall Gib J 2 JSS (a= aoe 23 Site 92) =27 4 f(z) = 241 CIS I fog y gof say! eat! (Foa)(e) = Flola)) = #2) = P41 9° A\(2) = ola) = oa +1) = (241)? =a? +2041a-1 SASSI, Jatt 14 rdesh cg(e) = 2241 4 fle) =27 Cals x} Le fale fra fro 9 ec + 9 sesh co) = YESt se) = 24} es yy @ Lo fale fg fto desl co(x) = 2241 5 f(z) cls Bf 3 gofle fog A rdeyl cg(t) = Vz 9 fe) =e -1 ols 4 gofle fog Gi slaluey Gli seyly ofl) = -3lel| tar Ul ob eel (C) f(z) = [z]-2 Wl oy aesl © f@) = [2] +2 Uw oy eesh 7 a ss. .eses - f(a) DM) cae sesh GELS se yly o f(x) = 2? —2 UWI OW wel (10 |x| 90h 9 fog dns g(a) =a" 5 fla)=2 cals) 11 cals 1275 Soaly she gent ve , 250 2 , «>0 wor={ s40)-{ V-m , 2<0 w , £<0 gof 3 fog seyh x sdeyl cola) = 2 5 fe) = cals 6, G3 f ig fag ftg a BBE JS Glas (GC =5r+5 Tal Guy et (4 f(a) = flv) = V2— Vite Dall Gary Gls ey (1524 Slide 106 BL SY oR YR oe Sobel tls f(z) =24+2 Vil t= 2 Agey ctr +2=22+2 Of f(ti) = f(22) 9 om ER Gl fe) =u gp te dyaed! Glndy PER dry yeR GY 6Y Uy f(a) =y eee ray 2 OP US sey cet 2=y ol f(z) =c+2 Ala 9.2 Jsddli Soaly ce gendt on Jia faolel Ds cud fle) = 2? Uist 24-2 Dy of(-2) = f(2) 9 2,-2E RY luce bids Lte doll Ul fry OLS! We df lo Gl oly we sBloly abe ys ssh al be Gl je: Y T joSh S jays e(dentity Function) sylei Ut Qos fle) =a BWI LY pl doled Di saad! WI Cas BL ode 5 YL ge gulatl 3 f(z) =22? -2-3 (2 fz)=0 f(x) =|2+1] f(x) =224+9 3 f(x) =at+2n41 (5 DY GP Ag WI Cals 5] be ole 10 HG ey gulall YAS Jahan fe) =2? Bll) fs ROR fz) =23 +1 Bpally fs ROR F(a) = VE BnsSI reER = Is ff p xr>0}>R -f(@) Bolly f: RR 78 (6 7 (8 @ S()=2 Badly f:R>R (1079 ailly cargdnds | (inverse Fumetion) 4S)! JI 6.2 ls fos Y fo df cipbel uf cals Bf al Le Y iS! DW! sleul L4S 26 Jlte f(a) = 3241 DA LS) Vil sel eal yadet1 al gl fe)» Suv es C1 tl dy Wy aed 0 y= oe 6 @)=2ot tglw=zes WN galey OT my LAs egosy fog del tlle oe askU oT tuladaSSy Saati 80 cole ° e 8 f(a) = V%@E—3 Vi LSS Dw aeyl y= Vie—3 the y pel fe) ge Arp = VIPS tiny all a? =2y—3 ol ses ¢8t Dagilly che grid -=t8 A) Ube 2 DY Lloull zs zs, a Vie=B Wal) Sal Dhl f'@)= 12.2 Jsstul Yael Bcf Mw Oly type ga of Ui oly 13.2 JSsti LOT cletedd Qt coal Slt ys Mla sell Vial (Qo) oly of Bast ee : - GD dais O15 fy 13] (ey) bled JS de f UWI Oty Gyee reel HLy nt) BUS gear le gow ft Ul olyaS, Jastaad 82 a Lrt—~—r—”—C—C—C—C—COCUiCUziCONCOSCCSCSCSCSsCdSCizSCzdstzsts rt+3 92) == 5 5 fz)=2n-1 (2) = YE 5 f(2)=29 QO . 7 2)== 9 fl)-; @ .g(t) = VEF8 5 f(z)=08-8 4 221 JS o(z)=a2 +14 f(@)=Vve-1 (5 ML JS Bian UW Ser sesh 10 6 ge gull G f(v)=l+va (7 f(a) =(e+3)-2 (6 fey =4=7 9 fa)=-2-1 @83 Molly che gent AN By AUB tol «B= {3,45} 9 A= {1,2,3,4} CLS BY -A-Bs P(A) desl (A= (2, {y,2}} Cals YQ Tey A= {a,b,c} CAS LG = {(a, a); (b,0), (¢, €), (a,b), (b, a), (c,a), (a,c)} ABE CHS Uy Ablaey Skee O45 R BI of esl idegl f(r) =? 242 cals bY 4 fe+oje fe Kye IG) raegl f(z) == os BS F@-)& f(-2) f(2) Me JS Bf MW! tes Ded desl 12 G6 oe gull f(z)? f(x) =4- 20 fe) = f(z) =9-2? fle) = fe) = =1 1) = degl of(n) =a — a Ssls 1) fla+ Aa) ~ fla) ke 6 (8 (12 a2 (13 (Bla sted Slane! Used Cals 1b] Lode 20 N14 ye gull i> sted VY cals 13] Gath Saty