MD2~D4y THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES Examinations of April/May 2011 Code and Name of Course:CVNG 3013 Coastal Engineering Paper: Date and Time: Free cl ay 24 Apri ( 2001 F-COar duration: 3 hours INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: This paper has 21 pages and 5 questions. Answer any four questions Only non-programmable calculators may be used © The University of the West Indies Course Code WDeeeedlerseqa Marks a) Use linear wave theory to determine the wave length (L) and celerity (C) of waves which have a period (T) of 6 s when they are traveling in water 10m deep. Please note that you must mot use the table of functions to solve this question. 10 b) If the waves described in part (a) are 2m high (H), determine the maximum vertical and horizontal water particle velocities at mid depth. Would you expect these two velocities to be equal or not? Explain why. 9 ©) Calculate the pressure attenuation factor (K,(2)) for the conditions specified in part (b) and hence the pressure head (p/ag) induced by the wave. 6 a Marks a) Tidal charts for three locations are shown in Figure Q2. Explain the tidal 9 patterns observed at each location. b) Explain with the aid of a diagram what causes diurnal inequality of tides. 4 ©) With the aid of diagrams explain the following terms; chart datum and 6 neap tide. d) Using the Tide Tables provided in Table Q2 for Scarborough, Tobago, for the period Monday 20" ~ Friday 31 December 2010, answer the following questions: i. If on Monday 20” December it is low tide at 8:12 am at about what 1 time would you expect it to be high tide in the afternoon? ii, If on Tuesday 21% December 2010 it is high tide at 15:12 pm what 2 times on Thursday 23” would be high tides? (On what day had the largest tidal range? 1 iv. When are the spring and neap tides during this period of December? 2 © The University of the West Indies Course Code WOesseafevevl‘Tidal Chart ~ Location A ‘Tidal Chart - Location C © The lniversity of the West Indies Course Code 20.2TABLE Q2 HYDROGRAPHIC UNIT 2010 TIDE TABLES ‘TOBAGO — SCARBOROUGH | High Low 2010 a WATER WATER i DECEMBER A.M. m P.M. m A.M. m P.M. om 20. MON | 0301 0.98 Tobe 1.25 [0812 0.57 [2127 0.29 determined 21 TUE [0340 104/15 12 130 [0857 0.26 [22 0420 1.08 [1557 1.32 [09.44 0.24 23 THU | Tobe 1.10 Tobe 1.30 | 1033 0.24 determined determined (a4 FRI__| 0548 110 [1735 i24 [4925045 25 SAT | 06.37 1.08 | 18 29 1.15 [0020 0.25 [1222 0.43 26 ‘SUN [0727 1.05 [1931 1,04 [0110 0.28 [1323 0.41 27 MON | 08 23 - [2044 0.94 [0205 0.33 | 28 TUE [0925 1.00 | 2212 0.86 [0305 0.39 | 1552 0.36 29 WED [1029 1.00 | 23 46 0.83 |0412 0.44 | 1714 0.32 "30. THU [1133 1.02 | ere [0523 0.48 | 1827 0.26 | 31 FRI [0108 0.85 | 1233 105 [0631 0.50 [1929 0.21 © The University of the West Indies Course Code 20...Qs Marks a) Define the terms fetch limited, duration limited and fully developed in relation to wave forecasting from wind data, 9 b) For a northerly wind speed of 12 m/s blowing across the Gulf of Paria, calculate the expected fully developed significant wave height and period on the south western peninsular of Trinidad, for which the fetch length is 60 km. Explain whether this condition is to be expected or not, at this location. 10 ©) What is the necessary minimum wind duration for the conditions specified in part (b). Is this minimum duration likely or not? 6 oe Marks a) Define the following terms: wave shoaling, depth refraction, wave diffraction. Support your answer with the aid of diagrams. 9 b) Which quantity is conserved for wave shoaling and refraction? Is it possible for shoaling to occur without refraction? Is it possible for refraction to occur without shoaling? 6 ©) Adeep water wave has a period of 8 seconds a height of 3m and is travelling at 30° to the shoreline. Assuming that the seabed contours are parallel, confirm that the wave will break in relative depth (h/Lo ) of about 0.039 and hence find the height, depth, celerity and angle of the wave when it breaks, assuming the breaking index (y) is 0.78. Please note that 10 you may use the table of functions to solve this question. 5 Marks ‘A new rock armour breakwater is being designed, as protection for a new marina in the British Virgin Islands. It is proposed to that it will have 2 layers of rock over a filter layer and a permeable core and a structure slope of 1 in 3. The design wave conditions have been assessed as H.=5m and Tn=12s with a storm duration of 12 hours, for the 1 in 100 year condition and as H.=4m and Tn=8s with a storm duration of 6 hours, for the 1 in 25 year condition. a) Assuming that the acceptable damage level for the 1 in 100 year condition is that for failure (S.=12) and for the 1 in 25 year condition is that for initial damage (S,=2), determine which event provides the critical design condition and calculate the necessary Dyso and Mso values, assuming that 1650 kg/m? and py=1025 kg/m”. 15 b) Determine the necessary maximum design freeboard, using the EurOtop deterministic formula, such that for the 1 in 25 year condition trained staff may safely access the breakwater (q=10 litres/s/m) and that for the 1 in 100 year condition, significant damage to larger yachts is avoided (q=50 litres/s/m). 10 © The University of the West Indies Course Code 20,