Table 1 Cumulative Binomial Probabilities p= probability of success in a single trial; n = number of trials. The table gives the probability of obtaining r or more successes in n independent trials, That is > (“)er0-0"* ‘When there is no entry for a particular pair of values of r and p, this indicates thatthe appropriate probability is less than 0.000 05. Similarly, except for the case r = 0, when the entry is exact, a tabulated value of 1.0000 represents a probability greater than 0,999 95, a 001 002 0.03 0.04 005 0.06 ~—0.07-~S 0080.09 n=2 r 1.0000 1.0000 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 0199 0396 0784 0975111641351 153611719 0001-0004 0016 0025 0036 © 0049 +0064 0081 n=5 r 1,0000 1.0000 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 0490 0961 0010-0038 ‘0001 1846 2262 2661304313409 13760 0148 (0226 10319-10425 0544-0674 0006 0012-0020 0031-0045 .0063 (0001-0001 + 0002-0003 1.0000 1.0000 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 0956 1829 2626 ©3352-4013. «4614516015656 6106 0043 0162-0345. 0582086111176 «1517 11879-2254 0001 0009-0028» 100620115 0188-0283 (04010540 0001 0004-0010 0020-0036 00580088 0001 0002-0003. 0006-0010 0001 0 1 2 0 1 2 3 4a 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1 “1821 (332445625580 64157009 765881138484 2 0169 (05991198. 1189726423395 413148315484 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 i 2 3 a 3 6 a 8 9 0010 0071 0210-0439 1075511150 1610-2121 2666 0006 0027-0074 -0159 0200 0471-0706 0993 0003 001000260056. .0107_ 0183-0290 0001. 0003 {0009 {0019 0038-0068 0001 0003. 0006-0013, 0001-0002 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 3950 6358. 7819~=« 870192319547 973498459910 0894 (2642 4447-5995 1720681008735. 91739468 0138 10784 «1892-3233. 4595158386892 .7740—8395 0016 0178-0628» 1391-2396. 13527-4673. 5747 «6697 0001-0032 .0168_- 0490 «1036-1794 271037104723 0005 00370144 1037810776 11350 “2081-2928 0001 0007 0036-0118. 0289-0583 “1019-1596 0001 0008 10032-0094 10220-0438 0768 0001 0008 0027 0073-0167 0328 10 0002 00070022 .0056. 0125 u 0002 0006-0017. 0043, 12 0001 0005-0013 13 0001-0004 4 0001Table 1 Cumulative Binomial Probabilities — continued = Or ye n= 100 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 1,000 1.0000 6340 8674 9524 983119941 19979 19993 “9998 “9999 2642 ‘5967 “8054919819629 “9848 9940 (9977-9991 0794 7323358027679 = a817- (9434 97429887 © ‘9952 184 = 114103528 570574228570 9256 19633 “9827 0034 050818213711 564072328368 90979526 0005 0158. 0808-2116 ©3840 5593 77086 'a201 ‘ass, (0001 00410312. “1064 ©2340 3936 5557 6968 “8060 ‘0009 01060875. “12802517 4012552916872 10002 0032-0190 0631 “14632660 407413506 000900680282, 0751620278042, ‘0002 00220115’ ‘0376 0908-11757 “2882 0007 00430168 “046910281876 0002 0015-0069 0224 “0559 11138. ‘0005-0026 0099-10282 Lo64s 15 0001 .0009 0041-0133 .0341 16 10003 ‘0016 “0058 ‘0169 7 ‘0001 [0006 0024-0078 18 0002 ‘0009 0034 19 . 0001 ‘0003 ‘0014 20 00010005 21 ‘0002 2 0001 pe 010 01S (0.20025 030 038040050 n=2 r 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1,000 1,0000 1.0000 1.0000 1,000. 1900 2775360014375 51005775 (640069757500 0100 (0225 “0400-0625 “0900 © “1225 1600 120252800, n=5 10000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1,000 ny 74095) | 5563] 16723 | F Jak) msaiol | eeh00) 79202) | 69407. aces) 2 081516482627 3672 4718 S716. (65307438 ‘B15 3 ‘0086 026605791035 “163133523174 = 4069 “5000 4 ‘005.0022 00670156 (0308-0840 08701312. ‘1875 5 0001 00030010 0024-0053. 0102.18.33 r=0 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1,000 1.0000 1 ‘6513-8031 “8926-9437 “9718 “98659940 9975 9990 ide #2630) 7 FASST/ Gd 77560) 85071 | T9140, 19536] | 97678 9203) 5 070217983322 4744 61727384 '8327 ~— 9008-9453 4 (0128-10500 12092241 (3504 “4862 6177174308281 5 0016 0099-0328 0781-1503 .248S 3669-4956 6230 6 0001-0014 0064 0197-10873. “0949 1662 “2616. “3770, 7 0001 0009-0035 “0106-10260 ‘0848 © “1020 “1719 8 0001 0004 “00160048 012302740547 9 {0001 0005 (0017 “0045 “0107 10 0001 00030010 n=20 =O 10000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1 (8784 (9612-9885 9968-9992 9998 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 2 (60838244 «= (93089757 (9924 997999959999 1.0000 3 3231 595179399087 “9645 9879 9964 ©9991 9998, 4 «13993583, 5886 «77489299556 ean) 0s 987 0st | 1702) 700 | susz 7625. | sei8| 10090 | ell ooel & “0113-0673 “19583828 “58367546 8744 «= 94479793 Hie 0028 15 OD191 = sossye | (2142) 139201 175834) = 7500) = e701 = O49) 8 0004 00590321018. 22773990 “58417480 “8084 59 ‘000100130100 “049113313376 dod 58577483, 10 0002 0026-0139 04801282447 40865881 ul 0006 003917110532, “12752493 “19. 2 0001 0009 ‘0051-10196 “056313082517 B (0002 0013 0060 ‘0210 ‘0580 “1316 4 0003 0015 0065021410877 15 0003 001600640207 16 0003 0015. _:0059 y 0003 ‘0013 18 ‘0002Table 1 Cumulative Binomial Probabilites — continued 0.10 01S 02002530 035040 dS 0.50 n= 50 1.0000 1,000 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1,0000 1.0000, 9948 9997 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 9662 9971 9998 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 8883 9858 99879999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 7497 9540 9943-9995 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 5688 8879 «981599799998 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 3839 7806 9520-9930 9993-9999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 2298 6387 «8966. «9806-9975 9998 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1221 4812, «—«8096 «954799279992 9999 1.0000 1.0000 057933196927 9084 9817-9975 9998 1.0000 1.0000 10 0245 208955638363 «9598 9933 9992-9999 1.0000 11 0094 1199-4164. .7378 92119840 9978-9998 1.0000, 12 00320628 «28936184 8610-9658 99439994 1.0000 13 010.0301. .1861 4890-7771 9339-9867 99829998 14 0003 0132,» -1106.- 3630 672188379720 99559995 15.0001 0053. «06072519 55328122, 946098969987 16 0019 0308-1631 43087199 904597809967 " 0007 0144 «098331616111. 843995739923, 18 0002 0063-0551. 217849407631 92359836 19 0001 002502871406 37846644 87279675, 20 0009 0139 0848.««.2736«5535 8026 9405 2 0003 006304781861 439071388987 2 0001 0026 0251-1187 329961008389 23 0010 0123-0710 «.2340 49817601 24 0004 0056 0396-1562 3866-6641 25 0001 .0024 ©0207-0978 28405561 26 0009 010005731966. «4439 20 0003 004503141279 3359 28 0001 0019-0160 07802399 29 0007 007604441611 30 0003 003402351013, 31 0001 001401160595 32 0008 0053-0325 33 0002 0022-0164 34 0001 0009-0077 35 00030033 36 0001-0013 37 0005 38 0002 ‘Table 1 gives binomial probabilities only for a limited range of values of m and p since, in practice, either the more compact tabulation of the Poisson distribution (Table 2) or that of the Normal distribution (Table 3) can usually be used to give an adequate approximation, ‘Asa reasonable working rule’ (use the Poison approximation ip <0.1, puting m= np (i)_use the Normal approximation if0.1 < p <0.9 and np> 5, putting j= np and o= ne(l— P) (iii) use the Poisson approximation if'p > 0.9, putting m = n(1 ~ p) and working in terms of ‘failures’ Note: For values of p > 0.5, work in terms of ‘failures’ which will have probability q (= 1 ~p). Example: What is the probability that 40 or more seeds will germinate out of 50 if the germination rate is 70%? Since the probability of "success’ is greater than 0.5, the table can not be used directly; however, 40 or more successes is the same as 10 or fewer ‘failures’, The probability of 10 or fewer ‘failures’ = I — probability of 11 or more ‘failures’ = I ~0,9211 = 0.0788.Table 1 Cumulative Binomial Probabilities — continued ? 0.10 01s 020025030 035040 04s (0,50 n=100 r=0 10000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 0000 1.0000 ‘1.0000 1 19000 1.0000 L000 00009000 1.0000 0000-0000 1.0000, 2.9997 1.0000 0000 1.0000 1.0000 ‘L000 L000 1.0000—1:0000 3 ‘9981 10000-0000 1.0000 ‘0000 L000 © 10000 1.0000 1.0000 4 ‘9922 "9999 L000 © 10000-0000» L000 1.0000 .0000 1:00, 5 976399960000 10000 19000 .0000 L000 L000 1.0000 6 9494 ©9984 L0000 00000000 1.0000 L000 0000 1.0000 7 ‘3898 ‘9953 "99990000 0000-9000 L000 0000 1.0000 8 "7939 ©9878 9997 L000 Loo «0000-0000 L000 1.0000, 9 ‘erst 9725-9991 Log00 L000 1.0000 «1.0000 0000 1:0000 10 548794499977 .9000 L000 .0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 11 “4168-9006 994389990000 0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 12 297083659874 9996 0000-10000 0000 1.0000 1.0000 13 ‘19827527 “9747-9990 .0000 L000 1.9000 1.0000 1.0000 14 123916526. 19531.— ‘997599990000 L0000 10000 1:0000 15 072654289196 9946-9998 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 16 0399 4317-8715 9889-9996 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 17 ‘00613275 ‘8077-9789 9990-0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 18 0100-2367 72889624 «9978 ©9999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 19 (0045 les, 6379-9370 99559999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 20 002010655398 900599119997 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000, 21 0008-0663 440s. ‘8512. «(9835999210000 1:0000 1.0000, 22 0003-10393 “3460-7886 «= “9712.-— 9983 T0000 1:0000 1.0000, 23 ooo) 022126117136 95219965 9999 1:0000 1.0000, 24 O19 189162899345, '99384 (9907 1,000 1.0000 25 0061 131453838864 == 98799904 1.9000 1.0000 26 0030 0875. “44658369 «9789 “9988 110000 1.0000 2 O14 055835837755 ©9649-9975 9999 1.0000 2% 000s 09422776 «= 703594428984 9998 © 1.0000 9 (0003 0200 20752329152 ‘9916 ©9996 1.0000 » 0011121495377 876498529992 1.0000 a 0061 “1038 «4509 «8270 ‘9752 9985 1.0000 2 0031 0693 3669-7669 ‘9602 99709999, 3 (0016 ‘0462893 “oa71 “9385 “04s 9998 M4 (00070276 «= 22076197 “9087 90029996, 35 0003 0ls¢ 16295375 869798349991 36 ooo 0041161 “4542 ‘808978082 7 0010082079331 Told osm 867 38 0027 053020756932 93499940 3 0014 = 0340-2301. 6178 90499895 40 0007 02107245379 86879824 41 0003 012512804567 81699716 2 ‘cont 007 = 08773775. 78859557 B ‘oot ood. 0594 3033, 60139334 a4 ont 0389 2365.67 9033 45 Ol 0245789 S387 8644 46 000s = ‘01sa. “131145878159 7 0003 “0088 (093038047579 8 0001 00800638 30596814 9 oool 0027 ‘042324046178 50 7 SL 0007 0168 "1345 “4602 2 0004 (0100 09603822 33 0002 [008806623086 34 ‘ooot 0032 oag] 2a 55 001702841841 56 000901751386 37 ‘0004 0105-0967 58 19002 00610666 9 0001 0034 oaas, 0 01s 784 él (0009175, e ‘0008105, 6 (00020060, 6a (oot 0033, 65 ois. 66 ‘0009 67 ‘0004 68 ‘0002 6) ‘0001Table 2 Cumulative Poisson Probabilities ‘The table gives the probability that r or more random events are contained in an interval when the average number of such events per interval is m, i. ‘Where there is no entry for a particular pair of values of r and m, this indicates that the appropriate probability is less than 0.000 05. Similarly, except for the case r = 0 when the entry is exact, a tabulated value of 1.0000 represents a probability greater than 0.999 95 m= ol 02 03 o4 0s 06 07 08 09 10 0 1.0000 1.0000 1,000 1.0000 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 fo 08 ei ot) ee ee 2 0047 017503690616 0902.29 155819122275 2642 3 0002 0011 -—«.0036.-= 0079-0144. 0231 0341-0474 0629-0803 4 0001 0003-0008. «.0018. 0034 = .0058 009101350190 5 6 7 0001 0002-0004 0008 +0014 .0023 0037 0001 0002 © 00030006 0001 m= Al 12 13 14 1s 16 17 18 19 20 0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 0000 1.0000 fee7ls G08 727s | | 7534.1 77oo | TOR e173 = 6247, 8504) | 28647) 3010 3374 «3732, 4082.-««4422,« 475150685372 56635940 0996 12051429 «16651912. .2166 242826942963 3233 0257 0338 -««.0431.«S«0537/««.0656-=—.0788—«0932.«1087— 12531429 0 1 2 4 5 0054 007701070143 0186 = 02370296 .0364. 04410527 6 0010 0015 .0022.-«.0032-«.0045 006000800104. «01320166 7 0001 0003-0004.» .0006 0009-0013 .0019 002600340045 8 0001 0001 .0002-.0003.0004 0006 00080011 9 0001 0001 0002-0002 m= 2A 22 23 2425 PG = yy) 29 3.0 0000 1.0000 0000 1.0000 1.0000 0000 1.0000 1.0000 8775 8892 8997 90939179 9257-9328 9392-9450 9502 0 1 2 6204 6454 669169167127 7326-7513. «768978548009 3 4 000 1,000 3504. 3773 4040 «4303. «4562-4816 50645305. 55405768 16141806 2007-2213. .2424. «264028593081. 33043528, 5 0621 0725-0838 «0959 «1088-1226 1371 1523 «16821847 6 0204 0249-0300 0357-0420» 0490. 0567-0651 .0742— 0839 7 (0059 0075 0094-0116. 014201720206» 024402870335 8 0015 0020 0026 0033-0042 «0053-0066 ©0081. .0099 0119 9 0003 0005 0006.09» 0011. .0015 001900240031 0038 10 0001 —-0001-—«.0001~—.0002- 0003-0004 0005-0007 00090011 ul 0001 0001. .0001- 0002-0002 0003 12 00010001Table 2 Cumulative Poisson Probabil ies — continued 31 32 33 34 38 36 37 38 39 40 r=0 1.0000 1,000 1.0000 1,000 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 I 9550 19592-9631 .9666 9698 «972797539776 «97989817 2 8153 "g288 (41g 85328641 «(87438838 «8926 «= ‘90089084 3 $988 62016406 660367926973. 71467311 74697619 4 3752 397541974416. 4634. 4848 'S0SR 15265 S468 5665 5 2018 2194-2374 255827462936 3128332235163 712 6 0943 “105411711295 ‘14241559 “1699 “1844 = “19942149 7 0388 10446-0510 10579 106530733. 081809091005. “1107 8 0142 0168-0198. 0231- 0267-0308 .0352 04010454 “OSI 9 0047 0057-0069 0083. 009901170137 “0160 018s “02nd 10 0014 00180022. «.0027 0033-0040 .0048 0058 ©0069-0081 ul 0004 0005-0006 «0008-0010» 0013. 0016-0019 == .0023 0028 2 0001 {0001 0002-0002 0003-0004 0005 0006-0007 “0009 B (0001 0001-0001 0001-0002 «0002-0003 4 00010001 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 r=0 1.0000 1.0000 1,0000 1,000 1.0000 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000_1,0000 1 9834 19850-9864 «987798899899 (99099918 99269933 2 9155 92209281 9337938919437 9482 952395619596 3 7762 178988026 «81498264 «8374847718575 8667 18753 4 5858 6046 16228-6406 657716743, (6903. «7088. 7207-17350 5 3907 4102-4296. A488 467948685054 523754185595 6 i217 = 724G0le 22693) 2001 = 20711 = 2731471 = 99162 “9450 | c66s |< 9840) 7 “2141132511442 1564 168918201954 209220332378 8 0573 (0639 “0710107860866 095110401133 1231 1334 9 0245 027903170358 0403, «045105030558 06180681 10 009s ONL .0129 014901710195 0222, 025102830318 n (0034 004100480057 00670078 -0090 “010401200137 2 ‘OOLL “0014. 0017-0020 0024-0029 0034 0040-0047 0055 B (0003 10004 0005-0007 .0008-«= 0010-0012. 001400170020 14 (0001 0001-0002» -0002 «0003-0003 0004 = 000500060007 Is 0001 0001-0001 0001-0001 .0002 0002 16 0001 [0001 52 34 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 79 r=0 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1 9945 19955 9963-9970 997599809983 9985 ©9989 9991 2 9658 9711-9756 «97949826 «= 98549877 989799139927 3 8912 19052-9176 +9285 9380-9464 «983796009656 “9704 4 7619 178678094 = 183008488 «865888118948 «9072 “9182 5 5939 626765796873. 7149—S 740876497873 80808270 6 4191 453948815217 554315859 (616316453 1673016993 7 267 © 1298332973616. 3937 42584577 489252015503 8 1551 {1783 203022902560 28403127 341937154013, 9 nig: | opr 1143) | ise) 1578 | ina | 1967, | (2208) | 2452] | 12709) 10 0397 0488 0591-0708 .0839 0984 1423141498 1695 nl 177 10225 0282-0349 .0426= 051061410726 «= 08490985 2 0073 1009601250160» 10201-10250 030710373 04480534 B 0028 0038-0051 .0068 00880113. 0143-10179 02210270 1% 0010 001400200027 .0036-—— 004800630080 0102-0128, 1s 0003 0005-0007 .0010- 0014-0019 .0026. 003400440057 16 0001 0002-0002 .0004 0005-0007 001000140018 .0024 0 0001 0001-0001 0002-10003 0004-0005 0007-0010 Is 0001 00010001 .0002-—.0003-——.0004 rt 0001 0001-0001Table 2 Cumulative Poisson Probabilities — continued a 72 14 16 18 80 82 84 86 88 90 r=0 1.0000 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1,000 I 19993 9994 9995 9996-9997 9997 9998-9998 9998 9999 2 9939 9949 9957 9964 9970 «9975 19979-9982 «(99859988 3 9745 9781 «9812-9839 9862-9882 99009914. «99279938, 4 ‘9281 936894459515 9576 = 9630 967797199756 9788 5 8445 86058751 888390049113. 92119299 9379-9450 ‘6 7241 17474 (769317897 (808882648427 8S7R 71GB 7 5796 6080 6354 «166166866 «710473307543. 7744-793. 8 S311 4607 490051885470 57466013. 627265226761 9 (297332433518 37964075. 4353 4631-4906 51775443 10 1904 212323512889 283430853341 360038634126 u 1133, 1293) | MASS | MoS ele | 12045 | a57| = ase 12706) | 2940 RD (0629 (073508520980 111912691429 “160017801970 B 0327 039104640546 063807390850 0971 11021242 “4 (0159 01950238 0286-0342 «040510476. «0555064210739 1s 007300920114. O41. 0173S .0209 0251 0299035304 16 (0031 0041 0082-0066 .0082- 0102-0125 01s2_ 0184-0220 7 (0013 0017-0022» 10029-10037 .0047 “0059 0074 = 0091 OL 18 ‘0005 0007-0009 «0012-0016» .0021.- 0027 0034 0043-0053 1 0002 10003-0004 .0005- 10006-0009 0011-0015 0019-0024 20 0001 0001 -—-.0001-—=«.0002-«.0003.~=«.0003 0005 0006-0008 0011 21 0001 0001 0001-0002 0002 0003-0004 2 0001 0001 0001-0002 2B 0001 m= 92 94 96 98 100 10 120 130 140 150 r=0 1.0000 1.0000 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1 ‘9999 9999 9999 9999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 2 ‘9990 9991 19993-9994 9995 9998-9999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 3 ‘9947 9955 9962 «9967 9972-9988. 199959998 9999 1.0000 4 9816 9840 9862-9880 9897 “9951-9977 -9990 99959998 3 9514 9571-9622 966797079849 9924 996399829991 6 8959 9065 9162-9250 «9329 «96259797 989399459972 7 ‘$108 8273-18426 «8567 869992149542 974198589924 8 6990 7208 7416. «7612-7798 «= 8568-9108 94609684 19820 9 ‘3704 5958 6204. «64426672 «7680 «8450 «900293799626 10 4389 4651 491151685421. 65957576 834289069301 u 3180 3424 «367139204170 «5401165287483. '8243 81S 2 ‘2168 2374 «12588-2807 13032-«S 42075384 646874008152 B 303 = 1553) 1 1721 | 11899, = 20841 SIRS | 14240 115069] | 6415, 7324 “4 (0844 = 09581081. 1214113852187 “3185 427053566368 15 048305590643, «07350835460 2280 324942965343 16 (0262 0309 -«.0362-«=«=042] 0487109261556 2364 «= 33064319 ” 0135 0162-0194 «10230» 10270» 05591013. “1645, 244i 3359 18 (0065 0081-0098. 011901430322 0630 1109517282511 19 ‘0031 0038-0048 0089100720177 0374 069811741805 20 0014 0017-—«.0022-=«.0028 003500930213. 042707651248 21 (0006 0008-0010 0012. 0016-0047 “0116-0250 .0479-— 0830 n ‘0002 {0003-0004 ~~ 0008. 0007-0023. 006101410288 0531 B ‘oot 000100020002 0003» 010-0030 007601670327 bry 0001 0001. 0001-0005 0015-040 ©0093-0195, 25 0002 0007 0020-0050 0122. 26 0001 0003 0010-0026 -—-0062 Pa 0001 000500130033, 28 0001 0002 0006-0017 29 0001 00030009 30 0001 .0004 1 ‘0001 0002 2 ‘0001 10Table 2 Cumulative Poisson Probabilities — continued 16.0 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 25.0 0 — 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 2 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 31,0000 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 11,0000 1.0000 4 9999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 5 9996 9998 9999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 6 9986-9993 9997 9998 +9999 1.0000 1.0000. 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 7 9960 9979 9990-9995 9997 9999-9999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 8 99009946 ..9971 9985 9992-9996 9998 9999 1,0000 1.0000 9 97809874 9929-9961 9979-9989 9994 99979998 9999 10-9567 9739-9846 «991199509972 998599929996 9998 11 922695099696 «981798929937 9965 9980-9989 9994 12 8730-9153. 9451_ 965397869871 9924 9956-9975 9986 13.8069 8650-9083 930496109755 9849 99099946 9969 14.7255 7991-8574. 901693399566 .9722 982698939935 15 63257192 791985038951 928495239689 98029876 iG. 15233, | 6285) 17193) = 7852 8495, | (88801 (0231) | 9480) 9056 | 9777 17 434053236249 70807789. 8371-8830. .9179 94379623 iS) = 2407, 4360, 15914) 6216 7000, 17730) 8310+ 16772) 9120) 0395) 19 257734504378 53056186 = 698376758252, «8717-9080 20 187826373491 43945297 6157-6940 762381978664 21 131819452693 3528 440952006131 689975748145 22 © 089213852009 274535634423. 5284 610668617527 23° © 058209531449 2069-2794 «3595-4436 «527760836825 2a 0567" =0635| = 101l= | 1510 | 79125] = 2800" = sqro| | adel 5072 © (6061 25 0223 0406-0683. «1067-1568 ©2178-2883 365444605266, 26 «= 0131. «.0252-«.0446. = 073111221623 222929233681. 471 27 © 00751520282 .0486 «0779-1174 .1676 227729623706 28 = 0041-0088. 0173.— 03130525 0825-1225 «1726-2323 2998 29 002200500103. 019503430564 08711274 17752366 30 00110027 005901180218 0374-0602 091513211821 31 0006-0014. .0033. 007001350242 «040506400958 1367 32 0003-0007 0018-0040 008101520265 0436. .0678 1001 33 0001-0004 .0010 0022 0047 0093-0169 028904670715, 34 0001 0002.00. .0012 0027 005501050187. 0314 0498, 35 0001 000200060015 003200640118 .0206 0338 36 0001 0003 0008-0018 0038-0073 .0132 0225 37 0001 0002 0004-0010 .0022.0044 ©0082-0146 38 0001 0002 .0005 0012. .0026 0050 .0092 39 0001 0003 0007 0015-0030 .0057 40 0001 0001 0004 0008» .0017._.0034 4 0001 00020004 0010-0020 42 0001 0002-0005 .0012 43 0001 0003 .0007 44 0001 0002 .0004 45 001.0002 46 0001 "Table 2 Cumulative Poisson Probabilities — continued 260 27.0 280 290 300 320 340 360 380 400 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 9999 9999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 9997 [9998 9999 1,000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 9992 9996 9998 99999999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000, 9982 199909994 99979998 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 9962 9978 99879993 9996 9999 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 9924 995499739984 999199979999 1.0000 1,000 1.0000 9858 9912 9946 99679981 «9993 9998 9999 1.0000 1.0000 9752 (9840 (9899-9937 9961-9986 199959998 1.0000 1.0000 9580 9726 (9821-9885 .9927 199729990 99979999 1.0000 9354 9555 |9700 «9801-9871 «99489980 9993-9998 9999 20 9032-9313 «9522-9674 9781-9907 9963-9986 99959998 21 (8613 “898592739489 9647984119932 19973-9990 9996 22 8095 (8564 “8040-9233 9456-9740 9A 995199819993 23° 7483-8048 85178896. 9194 1959498099915 99659986, 24 ‘6791744118002, “84718854 = 193909698 ©9859 99389974 25 6041 «67587401 «79588428119 954097769897 9955 26 5261 «60216728 «73637916 '8772-« 19326 «1965598349924 27 448115256 16003 1669973278344 «9047948719741 19877 ae 13730) 4401, 5251) | es0ee | F671) | 7838] RSA, | 9264 | 0611 ONT) 09h 3083) = 3753 = 4500 1 | 65247] 12 15969 = = 17290) = 182672 | R077) | 10435 = 0705) 30.2407 306537744508 524366207768 8621-9204 9568 31 (1866 1244730973794 4516 = 159397196 “8194891119383 Pea at re Boat ai at) ES 3407811082145 “198925563850 «5228168307635 8486 mS Oy) Ci gen fe) ee eer i ee 37 0244. «038805890856 1196 2099-3256 «4558 «58627037 38 0160 0263 «013.0619 080016482681 3913S 5216 6453 39 0103 0175102830438 064812682166 330145705840 40 0064 011301900303. 04630956 717-2737 39415210 re i a 42 0024 004500800136 021 0512. “1019117832789 3967 43 0014 (002700500089 0148-0364 «0763114012288 3382 44 0008 0016 0031-0056 0097-10253 0S61._—« 1081. 18452838, 45.0004 0009-0019 .0035. 00630173404 081914622343, 46 0002-0005 0011-0022 004001160286 ©0609-1139 1903 47 ‘0001 (0003. 0006-0013 0028-0076. -0199 044508721521 48 [0001 0002 000-0008 0015. 004910136 ©0320» 06571196, 49 (0001 0002 0004-0009" 0031-10091 02250486 ©0925 30 0001 0002. 000500190060 0156 0353-0703 31 0001 0001 0003-0012 10039-0106. 0253 10526, 32 (0001 0002 0007 ‘0024 0071. 0178-0387 3 0001 0004 0015. .0047 0123-0281 54 0001 0002 0009-0030» 0084 = 0200, 35 0001 0006-0019 00560140 36 0001 0003.» 0012, .0037-— 0097 37 (0002 0007 0024-0066 58 (0001 0005 0015-0044 59 (0001 0003» 0010-0029 60 0002 0006-0019 61 0001 0004-0012 62 0001 0002-0008 6 0001 0005 ot (0001 0003, 65 0002 66 ‘0001 7 0001 For values of m greater than 30, use the table of areas under the Normal curve (Table 3) to obtain approximate Poisson probabilities, putting =m and c=. 12Table 3 Areas in Upper Tail of the Normal Distribution ‘The function tabulated is 1 - (2) where e) is the cumulative distribution function of a standardised Normal variable, 2, 1 va sawete (28) : ‘Thus 1— @(z) = Jer? is tre provabitity tat a standardised Normal variate selected at random wil be greater than 1-0(@) ro i) o1 02 03 04 05 06 oT 08 09 o 0 5000 4960-4920 4880-4840 480147614721 46814641 4602 4562-4522, 4483-4443 440414364 «4305142864247 4207 4168 4129-4090 4052-4013. 307413936 38973859 (38213783, 3745° 3707-3669 1363235043557 35203483 3446 340933723336 = 33003264 «322831923156 3121 3085 305030152981 294629122877 284328102776 (274327092676. «2643S 26112578) 12546 = 251424832451 2420 (2389 «2358 «232722962266 «= 2236 «= 2208) 2177S 2148 2119 2090 2061-2033, 2005-1977 1949-11922 “1804 11867 1841 1814178811762, 117361711. 1685116601635 1611 S87, = 1062) | 0599) 1515) 1492, 1469, 144g, 1423) 1401, | 1379) 1357-1335 13141292, 127111251 1123011210 1190-11170 151-1131 1112-1093. -1075 11056-1038 1020-1003 “0985. 0968 (095109340918 (0901-0885 0869 = 1085308380823 0808 0793. .0778_«— 0764. «0749-10735 10721-10708 10694 “0681 0668 06550643. .0630 061806060594 058205710559 0548 0537-0526 0516 050504950485 104750465 10455, 0446 © 10436-0427 «10418 10409-10401 0392- 10384 ©0375-0367 0359 10351-0344. «1033603290322 .0314. «10307-0301 .0294 10287 0281-0274 «0268-0262 10256 = 102500244.» 0239 10233 01786 01743-01700 .01659 01618 (01578-01539 101500 (01463 101426 01390 (01355-01321 101287 0125501222. ‘01191 01160 01130-01101 01072 01044-01017 100990 00964 ‘00939 00914 00889 00866 100842 00820 00798-00776 100755 100734 0071400695 100676 00657100639 00621 00604 00587 00570 00554 0053900523 00508 0049400480 00466 00453-00440 00427 0041S 00402-00391 100379 00368100357 00347 100336 0032600317 00307 0029800289 100280 00272 00264 00256 00248 00240 00233 00226100219 100212 00205 00199-00193 (00187 00181 100175 00169 00164 [00159-00154 00149100144 00139 00135 00131 .00126 0012200118 0011400111 00107 .00104.00100 00097-00094 00090-00087 0008400082 100079 ‘00076 00074 00071 00069 00066. 00064-00062 00060 00058 00056 00054 00052-00050 00048 , .00047 00045 00043-00042 00040-00039 [00038 00036 00035, 00034 " (00032 00031 100030 0002900028 00027 00026 00025 00024 00023 00022 00022 00021 00020 0001900019 .00018 00017 .00017 00016 00015-00015 00014 00014 00013 {00013 00012 0001200011 000108 {000104 000100 1000096 000092 {000088 .000085 000082 000078 .000075 000072 .000069 000067 .000064 000062 000059 000057 ‘000084 000052 |000050 000048 000046 000044 000042 000041 000039 {000037 1000036 000034 .000033 (000032 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 & 9 0 if 2 3 4 5 6 7 a 9 0 02275 02222 02169 02118 02068-02018 0197001923. 0187601831 1 2 3 ia Ss 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 3 ‘0 > 0,000 000 2867 5.5 > 0.000 000 019 0 6.0 -> 0.000 000 001 0 13Table 4 Percentage Pt its of the Normal Distribution ‘The table gives the 100a percentage points, z. of a standardised normal distribution where ‘Thus z2 is the value of a standardised normal variate which has probability a of being exceeded, a 0° fe a om | a 2 | a 2% | © % | @ @ Ze 50 0.0000 | .050 1.6449 |.030 1.8808 }.020 2.0537 | 010 2.3263 | .0so 1.6449 45 0.1257 |.048 1.6646 | 029 1.8957 }.019 2.0749 | .009 2.3656 | 010 23263 40 0.2533 |.046 1.6849 | 028 1.9910 }.018 2.0969 | .008 2.4089 | 001 3.0902 35 03853 |.044 1.7060 |.027 1.9268 | 017 2.1201 | 007 2.4573 |.0001 3.7190 30 05244 | 042 1.7279 |.026 1.9431 | .016 2.1444 | 006 25121 | 00001 4.2649 25 0.6745 |.040 1.7507 | .025 1.9600 ].015 2.1701 | .005 2.5758 | 025 1.9600 20 0.8416 |.038 1.7744 | 024 19774 | 014 2.1973 | .004 2.6521 | .005 2.5758 15 1.0364 |.036 1.7991 } 023 1.9954 | 013 2.2262 |.003 2.7478 |.0005 3.2905 10 1.2816 | .034 1.8250 |.022 2.0141 |.012 2.2571 | .002 2.8782 | 00005 3.8906 05 1.6449 | 032 1.8522 | .021 2.0335 | 011 2.2904 | .001 3.0902 | .000005 4.4172 Table 5 Ordinates of the Normal Distribution ‘The table gives (2) for values of the standardised normal variate, z, in the interval 0.0 (0.1) 4.0 where PR 2 0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0.0 3989 ©3970-3910 381436833521. 3332 312328972661 10 2420 21791942. 1714-1497 1295-1109 09400790 .0656 20 0540 0440-0355 .0283 0224-0175 «0136-0104 .0079—.0060 3.0 0044 0033-0024 001700120009 0006-0004 .0003 .0002 4.0 0001 14Table 7 Percentage Points of the ¢ Distribution ‘The table gives the value of fay ~ the 100c percentage point of the # distribution for v degrees of freedom. ‘The values of ¢ are obtained by solution of the equation: a= TAY + DIT CAYT (vay foe x2 fy) de Note: The tabulation is for one tail only, that is, for positive values of t For |+| the column headings for a should be doubled. 0 fay 0.10 0.05 002s 0.01 0.005 0.001 0.0005 =1 3.078 6314. 12.706. 31.821 63.657 318.31 636.62 2 188 2920-4303 « 6.965 «9.925 22.326 31.598 3 1638 = 2353, 3.182 4541 S841 10.213. 12.924 4 1533 2132-2776 3.747 4.604 7173 8.610 5 147 = 20152571 3.365 4.032. 5893 6.869 6 1440-1943 2.447 3.433.707 5208 5.959 7 1415 1895-2365 2.998) 3.499 4785 5.408 8 1397 1860-2306 = 2.896 3.355 4501 5.041 9 1383 «183322622821 3.250 4297 4.781 10 1372 «181222282764 3.169 4144 4.587 u 1363 1.796 2201-2718 3.106 4025 4.437 2 1356 «1.782 21792681 3.085 3930 4.318 B 1350 «L7Tl_—2.160 2.650 3.012 3852 0 4221 4 1345-1761 2.145, 2.624 2.977 3787 4.140 15 1341 1753-2431 2.602, 2.947 3733 4.073 16 1337-1746 2120-2583 2.921 3.686 4.015 0 1,333 1740-2110 2.567 2.898 3.646 3.965 18 1330 «1734 2101-2552 2.878, 3610 3.922 19 1328 «172920932539 2.861 3579 3.883 20 1325 «1725-2086 2528 2.845, 3552 3.850 21 1323 «172120802518 2.831 3527 3.819 2 1321 1717-2074 2.508 2.819 3505 3.792 2B 1319-1714 -2.069 2.500 -2.807 3485 3.767 24 1318 «172.064 = 2.492 -2.797 3467 3.745 25 1316 1.708 = 2060-2485 -2.787 3450 3.725 6 1315 1.706 2.086. 2.479 2.779 3.435 3.707 27 1314 1703-20582, -24738, 2.771 3.421 3.690 28 1313 LTO -20048 2467 -2.763 3.408 3.674 29 1311 1699 2.045 2.462 2.756 3.396 3.659 30 1310 169720422457 2.750 3385 3.646 40 1303 168420212423. 2.704 3307 3.551 60 1296 «L671 =——-2000 2390 2.660 3.232 3.460 120 1289 1.658 1.980 23582617 3.160 3.373 © 1.282 L645 1960 2326-2576 3.090 3.291 ‘This table is taken from Table I of Fisher & Yates: Statistical Tables for Biological, Agricultural and Medical Research, reprinted by permission of Addison Wesley Longman Ltd. Also from Table 12 of Biometrika Tables for Statisticians, Volume 1, by permission of Oxford University Press and the Biometrika Trustees. 7