Published in 1986 by the

National Institute for Transport and Road Research

of the
Council for Scientific and Industrial Research
P 0 Box 395
Pretoria
0001 South Africa

Printed in the

GAcsir 94H1071*8602
 H) are written for the
ed practice in selected as-
frican experience and
proval of the Committee

circulated in draft form for a perio

for approval. This document, Dra
ring which you are welcome

ational Institute for Transport and

ay Materials ommittee of the
The functions of

ie funksies van en vereistes vir

 .............................................................................................. iii

Functions of prime coat ................................................................... 2

.................................................................
............................................................................. 3

ess ...................
....... .................S...m......

unctions of a curing m rane .......................................................

iturninsus curi
ers ..................................................~....................................................
icatisn ..........*.............. ........*.
S .................... . .........
.......................................................................... 1

.............................. .....,,.,...,.,. ........ 1

4. .........a............. . . . ........... 1
.............................. m'............... .................................. 1
 I tar or gasific
tion tar.
er applied to a ne
avernent layer to which a cementitious

vii
Primes and bituminous membranes
TRH1, Pretoria, South Africa, 1986
 ion between a

(b) It helps to seal the surface pores in the b

oisture and to
of the first spray of surfacin
e base near its surface by bin

rovides the base with a mporary protection a

mental effects of weather a t traffic until the
constructed.

is dependent on the density of the base; the denser the base, the lower

* Where a bitumen or tar hot-mix base is laid over a granular subbase, the subbase should be primed.
Primes and bituminous membranes
TRH1 , Pretoria, South Africa, 1986
 terial by the tyres.

en the road to t

ification crude

ecification; refer to su

* Other methods have also been found to be successful, such as brooming or watering the primed sur-
face followed by pneumatic-tyred rolling to wash off excess prime.
Primes and bituminous membranes
TRHI , Pretoria, South Africa, 1986
Primes and bituminous membranes
TRX1, Pretoria, South Africa, l986
 is to receive an asphalt surf

t to the base is

case, one must take into

f relatively I
\

Primes and bituminous membranes

TRH1, Pretoria, South Africa, 1986
s 'soon as po
is very moist,

Primes and bituminous membranes

TRX1 , Pretoria, South Africa, 1986
 as the job proceeds. In
e consistent with a rea-

hould not be heated to

ion, to avoid overheat-

Primes and bituminous membranes

TRHI , Pretoria, South Africa, 1986
3.1
entitious stabilize

etrimental carbonation or salt mi

(c) It provides a waterproof mem rane which protects the

e which may be caused by sur
Thermal stresses in uced in the surface of the layer as a result of th
lack membrane may lead to the develo ment of cracks.

membranes are use only on cemented

enetration of a
ayer before it

he most effective bituminous

oarseness of t

Primes and bituminous membranes

TRH1 , Pretoria, South Africa, l986
 he cementing process

eratures for bitumen

emulsions

ituminous content
Spraying erature

Primes and bituminous membranes

TRH1, Pretoria, South Africa, 1986
 e by the traffic.
es to openin ed base to controlle

areas of the bas

of the prime is ensured.
uring the traffickin
control notices should b

is not critical
suitable for nor
pe of base. However, the rate of a

effect of traffic is influence

Primes and bituminous membranes

TRH1, Pretoria, South Africa, 1986
Primes and bituminous membranes
TRH1, Pretoria, South Africa, 1986
 RGW. The de-

specifics tion for ani-

Primes and bituminous membranes

TRH1, Pretoria, South Africa, 1986