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Grade-by-Grade Learning Guide
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Grade-by-Grade Learning: Fourth Grade

What They Learn | How Kids Learn

What They Learn in Fourth Grade

The Basics
In fourth grade children take on new types of work and social experiences, and for some, these can be tough. Fourth graders may struggle to
follow the many directions and long-range planning that their school assignments require. They have to collaborate with their peers on
group projects, which can be stressful in the charged social dynamics that emerge in fourth grade. Students will probably have a textbook for
each subject, as well as multiple folders, all of which can present organizational challenges (plus heavy backpacks). The work gets harder
and they need to manage it more independently that includes homework assignments in multiple subjects, as well as keeping track of
those assignments and tasks.

Language & Literacy

Books, books, and more books fill the curriculum as fourth graders become sophisticated readers. They can use root words (words that are
the basis for other words, such as act in action), context clues (looking for clues in the surrounding text and images in the story), and
word endings to figure out new words. Theyll spend long periods of time reading and writing on their own. Teachers introduce genres such
as myths and legends, fantasy and adventure. Fourth graders relate characters and other story elements to their own lives, and empathize
with the characters most like them.

Fourth graders begin to use research tools, such as a dictionary, encyclopedia, library and the Internet, to gather information independently
on a topic. Most importantly, they start to learn to organize this information into paragraphs, essays, projects, and presentations that help
students synthesize their learning although their work is appropriately far from perfect. They develop a writing style where their
personality comes through as well as skills to help them edit their work.
Math
Fourth graders read, write, compare, add, subtract, multiply, and divide with very large whole numbers. They do more equations with
fractions and decimals and learn about prime numbers (numbers that can only be divided by themselves and 1). They solve problems about
factors (one of two or more numbers that can be multiplied) and multiples (a number that can be divided exactly by a smaller number) and
explore geometry formulas for determining perimeter and area, and for measuring angles. Fourth graders figure out conversion problems,
such as determining the number of minutes in an hour, or ounces in a pound. They not only read graphs, tables, and charts but should be able
to create them from data theyve collected.

Science
Fourth graders begin to compare complex systems in a complex manner. This can mean looking at changes in the Earth over long periods of
time, observing the water cycle, or understanding the interactions between organisms and their environment. Students work on projects that
ask them to build hypotheses and make predictions. Science topics may include matter and its different states, forms of energy, and the solar
system.

Social Studies
Fourth grade social studies typically moves from learning about the local community to the history of the students home state. Students will
learn about the first people to live in the area, explore changes in state populations over time, and how different people and cultures have
adapted to and influenced the state. Theyll learn to place major events in the states history in chronological order. Local and state
government structure will be introduced, and students will learn about the government offices responsible for making, enforcing, and
interpreting state laws.

How Kids Learn in Fourth Grade

Finding a Niche
Fourth graders straddle two worlds. In one world, they may be advanced and independent learners who can use their new abilities to express
themselves in exciting ways. In the other, they may be dramatic worriers who have a hard time managing all the work that is expected of
them.

Fortunately, fourth graders begin to find their academic niche. They prefer to spend time doing things that interest them where they have the
most confidence in their abilities. Strong readers will be extremely interested in reading books in genres or subject areas that excite them.
They often devour book series like bags of chips.

Teachers who work well with fourth graders take them seriously and work to keep their interests alive.

Fourth graders are also finding their social niche, but competitive feelings may interfere with the learning process. Cultural and
socioeconomic differences become more apparent to children, who may begin to group accordingly. Students who have trouble
understanding a difficult topic may be afraid to ask for help for fear of looking less smart than their peers, others may not participate for fear
of looking too smart. This is a very typical response for children of this age, says Linda Lendman, M.S.W, family coordinator at the Rand
School in Montclair, New Jersey. Fourth graders are overly concerned about peer responses and need to be encouraged to continue to ask
questions. They need to be reminded that smart people ask questions, and that it is the best way to learn.

The Social Challenge of Fourth Grade

Fourth graders are more socially sophisticated and outspoken than their parents were at the same age. As a group, girls today start puberty
earlier than they did in the past, with some getting their periods by age nine. Many children show off the hip teen attitude they pick up
from pop culture at a time when their parents were still playing with toys.

Fourth grade can be a year packed with social dilemmas. Every day, I work with groups of girls who are angry with other groups of girls,
says Lendman. Theres a lot of drama, theyre hormonally charged, and living in a more sophisticated culture. But they are only nine and
things can still feel overwhelming to them. The good news is that many kids want to work issues out. They can learn to improve their
communication skills with the support of adults and structured social emotional learning programs.
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Bri a month ago

Im startng a tutoring business and this is a good article for knowing how to help my 4th graders
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Ryan Rodulfo 3 months ago

Ryan Rodulfo In fourth grade What they learn in fourth grade? In fourth grade children take on new types of work social
experiences, wrting
typing. Language literacy. curriculum math books sophisticated readers. add $5 in quarters decimals Water cycle environment
Social studies learn first people and changes " summer camp my first basketball coach was a first grader now he's 4th grade
I'm a parent explore overtime.
Reply Share

Lesly 7 months ago

Today my exam was so hard I got a B+ Yay
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