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    Achyut Morang
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    Partial differentiation

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    Partial differentiation

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    6 views1 page

    2017-10-29 11-10-12

    Uploaded by

    Achyut Morang
    Partial differentiation

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 1
    Chapter Partial Differentiation ee INTRODUCTION Real world can be described in mathematical terms using parametric equations and functions such as trigonometric functions which describe cyclic, repet- itive activity; exponential, logarithmic and logistic functions which describe growth and decay and poly- nomial functions which approximate these and most other functions. The problemsin operations research, computer science, probability, statistics, fluid dy- namics, economics, electricity ete. deal with func- tions of two or more independent variables. In this chapter we study the limit, continuity, partial deriva- tive of such functions, Euler’s theorem, Jacobians which determine the functional dependence and de- termination of errors and approximations of caleula- tions. 3.1. FUNCTIONS OF SEVERAL VARIABLES: LIMIT AND CONTINUITY The area of an ellipse is ab. It depends on two vari- ables a and b: The total surface area of a rectangular parallelopiped is 2(xy + yz + zx) and it depends on 3 variables x, y, 2; The velocity u of a fluid particle moving in space depends on 4 variables x,y, 2. t. In transportation problem in operations research the ost function to be minimized isa function of several (mn: running into hundreds) variables (where m is the number of origins and 1 is the number of desti- nations), Thus functions of several variables plays a vital role in advanced Mathematics. {fu = f(x, y,z,2)then x, y, 2. rare known ay the independent variables or arguments and w is known asthe “dependent variable’ or ‘value’ of the function, In this section, we restrict to functions of wo and three variables, although the analysis can easily be extended to several variables, Function of Two Variables If for every x and y a unique value f(x, y) is as- sociated, then f is said to be a function of the two independent variables x and y and is denoted by z= firy) a) Geometrically, in three dimensional xy2-coordi- nate space (1) represents a surface, The values of x and y for which the function is defined is known as the domain of definition of the function: Example: z= Ja? — x2 — domain: x? + y Function not defined when x? + y? > a? Example: <=.’ + y' domain: x>0 and y > 0 S-neighbourhood of a point (a,b) in the xy is a square with centre at (a, b) bounded by the four lines x =a ~8,e=a+6,y=b-3, y=b +i. a-s

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