Manual Livestock PDF

cvwYm` gvbyqvj
mv`bvqt
gvt mwdKzi ingvb

weGmwm G.GBP (c_g kYxZ c_g)
Gg.Gm Bb GwewR (c_g kYxZ c_g)
wewmGm (cvwYm`)
gvbRvi
miKvix nvum gyiwM Lvgvi, ivRevox
cvwYm` Awaì, Kwl Lvgvi moK, dvgMU, XvKv-1215

www.dls.gov.bd
nvum-gyiMx cvjb
gwWDj -1
nvum-gyiMx cvjbi cv_wgK wbqgvejx t
1.1 A_bwZK Dbqb nvum-gyiMxi f~wgKv t
wevbi Pig DrKlZvi hyM cvw I cvw wki iZ Acwimxg | gvbyli cavb gwjK Pvwn`v
Lv` | Lv` wnmve cvwi wWg I gvsm Avwgl mieivn Abvb Lv` nZ AwaK MnYhvM I
Dcv`q | cvwRvZ Lv` è hgb `n kw hvMvq wVK Zgwb `wnK ew I ivM cwZiva
gZv ew Ki | evsjv`k GKwU Rbej `k, RbmsLvi GKwU eo Ask `vwi` mxgvi bxP evm
Ki| Zvì gwjK Pvwn`vi Lvevi UzKzB RyU bv| Zvici mylg Lvì K_v Zv Kbv KivB hvq bv|
Zvì bvbv iKg cywnxbZv AvQB| nvum-gyiMx cvjb Kij G cywnxbZv `~i Ki cvwievwiK Avq ew
Kiv hvq | eZgvb mgq ZvB miKvix I emiKvix chvq jvfRbKfve nvum-gyiMx cvjbi Dci
cwkYi eev MnY Kiv nqQ|
` cwimi cvwievwiK cvw Drcv`b Dbqbkxj `kmg~ni Mvg I kniZjx GjvKvi jvKì Lv`
wbivcv I `wi`Zv wbimb h_ Ae`vb ivL | cvw Drcv`b cwievii eKvi RbMvwK
Kgmsvbi myhvM Ki w`qQ | dj `wi` RbMb A_ DcvRb I mq KiZ cviQ, Zvì
cvZwnK Lv` ZvwjKvq gvsm I wWg hvM nQ dj Zviv ivM-evjvB viv Kg Avv nIqvq Jla
LiP I wPwKrmv LiP euP hvQ | mwZ AwZwi A_ `wi` RbMb Zvì zjMvgx Qjgqì
wcQb eq KiZ cviQ |
wbg nvum-gyiwM cvjbi iZ msc ebbv `qv njv t

1. ^ eq AwaKZi cywKi Lv` Drcv`b Kiv |
2. ^ g~jab cvw eemv i Kiv hvq Ges AwRZ Avq nZ cwievi cwZcvjb Kiv me |
3. AvaywbK cwZZ cvw Lvgvii Rb Lye ekx Rwgi cqvRb nq bv weavq z` I cvwK
KlKì c G eemv Kiv me |
4. cvw eemvq A mgq AwaK DcvRb nq weavq `wi`Zv wbimb Gi iZ Acwimxg |
5. cvwi gjg~ bvBUvRb I dmdivm cPzi cwigvb we`gvb | Re mvi wnmve cvwi
gjg~ iZcY~ | G Qvov cvwi gj gvQi Lv` wnmve eeZ nq |
6. LvgvixMb ebv, Liv cfwZ cvKwZK `yhvMi KviY m A_bwZK wZ cvw cvjb/eemvi
gvag cywlq wbZ cvib |
7. cw Lv`, UxKv, Jla c, I Abvb DcKiYvw`/mivgvw` Drcv`b I evRvi RvZKibi
mv_ e jvKi Kgmsvb RwoZ |
cvw&i msv, gyiwMi wewfb RvZ I ewk t
AvaywbK cvwi msv AbK evcK| mvavibZt Avgviv hme cvwL evwbwRK ev mLi Dk wbq
evmvq ev Ni cyl _vwK, Zvì mevBK wbqB cvwi msv `qv nqQ| gyiwM, nvum,KeyZi UvwK,
Kvqj ,KvKZzqv BZvw` cvwi Afy | gviM gyiwMi RvZ Zvì Drcwvb I ewk Abyhvqx
Kiv nqQ| hgb
K) AvgwiKvb RvZ
ewkmg~n t -
cvqi bvjv cvjKwenxb
Kvbi jwZ jvj isqi
wWg Drcv`b I gvsm Drcv`b gag
AvKvi gvSvwi
Mvqi Pvgov njy`
wWgi is ev`vgx
KqKwU RvZi bvg t
cvBgvD_ iK (Plymouth Rock)
ivW AvBjv iW (Rhode Island Red )
Bswjk RvZ
ewk
Kvbi jwZ jvj
wWg I Mv Drcv`b gag aibi
Mvqi Pvgovi is njy`
AvKvi gvSvwi 3- 4 KwR
wWgi is ev`vgx
KqKwU RvZ
Avjic(Australorp)
mvm (Sussex)
f~-ga mvMixq Aji RvZ
ewk
Kvbi jwZ mv`v
wWg I Mv Drcv`b Lye fvj
Mvqi Pvgovi is mv`v
AvKvi gvSvwi QvU
wWgi is mv`v
Drcv`b gZv ekx|
KqKwU RvZ
nvqvBU jMnb
gvBbviKv
GwkqvwUK Kvm
Kvb ^xKZ RvZ bB Zey h jvK Agiv RvZ ej _vwK Zvì ewk njt
cvqi bvjvq cvjK _vKZ cvi
Mvqi Pvgov njy`
Kvbi jwZ jvj
AvKvi ek eo
wWgi Lvmvi is ev`vgx
KqKwU RvZ
Avwmj (Asel)
KvwPb(Cochin)
eZgvb AbK ksKi RvZ ei nqQ Zvì bvg ,
jqvi -
jvngvb nvqvBU/evDb, Bmv evDb, eveKK, wewe -300, evejvbv nviKv, evejvbv UUv,nvevW
evDb,evfv biv, Bmv evDb, vim evDb, nvBm evDb, mfvi evDb, BmvivR,Mv jvBb|
eqjvi
mfvivi e&v, mfvi gvvi, fbKe, Bmv fWU, Bmv AvB 757, Bmv GmwcK, jvngvb wgU, im-
100, nvBev , nvevW KvwmK|
1.2 nvumi RvZ I ewk t
wcwKs
Drcwvb Pxb
Mvqi is mv`v
wWgi Rb fvjv
Mo 150- 160 wU wWg `q|
IRb 4 - 4.5 KwR
gvmKvwf
AvKvi eo, gvsmi Rb eenvi Kiv nq|
IRb 6 - 7 KwR nq|
wWg Drcv`b 80 -100wU |
Bwqvb ivbvi
Drcw vb fviZ njI cw_exi me cvIqv hvq| mv`v isqi nvum| IRb 1.5 - 2 KwR|
AviI DbZ ksKi RvZi nvum AvQ| wfqZbvgi Pixfvwj RvZ wWg I gvsmi Rb c_K fve
Dveb Kiv nqQ|
gwWDj -2
nvum-gyiwMi evmvb I ^v eevcbv
2.1 gyiwMi evmvbi cKwZ Ges eeZ DcKib I mivgvw` t
gyiwM _K mevP cwigvY gvsm Ges wWg Drcv`b cZ nj Zvì Rb Avivg`vqK Dchy
cwiek I Avfixb I ewn:i me cKvi ki Avgb nZ iv Kivi DchvMx evmvb cqvRb
nq|
evmvbi cKwZt
gyiMxi Ni Ggb fve Zix KiZ nq hb Nii wfZi AbyK~j cwiek eRvq _vK|
hgb t
Nii wfZi Drcvw`Z welv Mvm AcmvwiZ nq ;
Ni eeZ wjUvi Av`Zvgy _vK;
Nii wfZi chv cwigvb weky evZvm PjvPj KiZ cvi;
GK Ni nZ Ab Nii ga RxevYy msgY bv nZ cvi;
mg cKvi cwZKyj AvenvIqv I cvwicvwkK cwiek _K gyiMx iv cvq|
gyiwMi Rb AbyK~j cwiekt
`wnK Zvcgvv
gyiwMi RvZ ,eqm ,wj Ges DchvMxZv Abymvi GB Zvc wfb wfb nq t
hgb-
- m` Drcvw`Z evPv 103dv. (39.4m:)
- 3 mvn eqm 105dv: (40.6 m: )
- c~Y eqm 107dv: (41.7 m)
- nvv RvZi gyiwMi Zzjbvq fvix RvZi gyiwMi `wnK Zvc Kg;
- gyiwMi Zzjbvq gviMi `wnK Zvc ekx
- eqjvi gyiwMi `wnK Zvc Kg
- gvjwUs mgq `wnK Zvc ew cvq |
Gic AvenvIqv, A`Zv, welv Mvm, ivMRxevbyi wevi mK wewfb KkjMZ w`Kjv j
ivLZ ne|
gyiwMi Nii cKwZt

gyiwMi AbyK~j cwiek mwi Dk wewfb& cKvi Ni eenvi Kiv nq |
hgb-
(K) Dby Ni
(L) cwiek wbqwZ Ni
(M) nvBivBR Ni
(K) Dby Ni
wP-1 Dby Ni wP bs - 2 Dby Ni wP bs -2 eZj wewk

GB Ni cvKwZK Avjv evZvm PjvPji Rb Pviw`K A_ev Di `wY Dbyy ivLv nq|
GB cKwZi Ni c~e cwg j^vjw^ fve vcb Kiv nq|
Dby Ni wbgvb LiP Kg|
cvwYcvwLi cek I Avgb nZ ivi Rb Dby vb Zvii Rvj w`h wNi eov w`Z
nq|
Nii wfZi wjUvi A_ev gvuPv eenvi Kiv hvq|
GB cKwZi Ni mevwaK 30 dzUi (9.0 wgUvi )ekx ck nj fwUjkb mgmv nq|
Nii wjUvi eenvi Kij Lvjv vbi wbPi Ask 1 nZ 1.5 dzU (30-45 m.wg.)DPuy
`qvj _vK gvuPv ev LvuPv eenvi Kij Kvb `qvj _vK bv|
`vPvjv Nii Pvji QvP 8 dzU (2.4 wgUvi) Ges Dfq Pvji kxl `k 14 dzU(4.2 wgUvi
) DPu~ nq | QvU Ni nj QvP 6 dzU Ges kxl`k 12.0 dzU nZ cvi|
ewi QvU Ni cek e Kivi Rb Pvji QvU 2.5 nZ 4 dzU evowZ ivLv nq|
KswU QvU nj eZj Ni wbgvY Kiv hvq|
Nii `N BPvgZ j^v Kiv hvq|
Ni ^sqwq Lv` mieivni eev _vKj mivg cZKvix cwZvbi civgkg
Nii `N Zix KiZ nq|
Ni evZvm PjvPji MwZ mvii Rb evZvmi AbyK~j evqvi ev cvWvj dvb
eenvi Kiv nq|
Lvgvii GKvwaK kW _vKj cii kWi `~iZ Kgc kWi ci 1.5 Y nIqv
cqvRb|
Nii gS Bu`yi cwZivaK nIqv DwPZ|
(L) cwiek wbqwZ Ni
wP bs 4 cwiek wbqwZ Ni
gyiwMi eqm I DchvwMZv Abymvi Ni Zvc Av`Zv I AvjvK wbqY Kiv hvq|
Ni Kwg fwUjkY eevii Kvib BQgZ Nii ckZv I `N wbgvY Kiv hvq |
cwiek wbqwZ Ni Lv` I cvwb c`vb hvwK cwZZ Kiv mnR|
GB Ni cvwjZ gyiwMi ga ivM wevii mvebv Kg , dj gZz nviI Kg |
gyiwM AbK ekx Drcv`kxj nq|
Lv` i~cvi nvi AbK ewk nq |
gyiwM AZvwaK Avivg I ^vPQ` eva Ki|
Lvgvi Kg `~iZ GKvwaK kW wbgvY Kiv hvq | Ze Nii wfZi _K `~wlZ evZvm wbMgb
c_ eivei Kvb kW wbgvY Kiv DwPZ bq |
cwiek wbqwZ Nii mgmv
cv_wgK wbgvY LiP ewk|
hvwK eevi cwZ wbfikxj _vKZ nq|
Kvb KviY 15wgwbU we`yr mieivn e _vKj gyiwM gviv hvq|
(M) nvBivBR Ni
wP bs 5 nvBivBR Ni
GB Ni wZj wewk nq | Dcii Zjvq gyiwM _vK Ges bxP Zjvq gyiwMi cwiZ gj Rgv
nq|
cwZ Zjvi DPZv 7 dzU wnme gvU 14 dzU DuPz nq|
bxP Zjvq ewi cvwb cek Ki hvZ gj wfR bv hvq Zvi Rb bxPZjvi gS 1 dzU DuPz
Zix `qvj Kiv nq|
GB Ni Dby A_ev cwiek wbqwZ nZ cvi|
cwZ evP gyiwM cvjb A_ev GKvavi 5-6 ermi gyiwM cvjb kl bxP Rg _vKv gj
cwivi Kiv hvq|
DbZ fwUjkb eevi KviY cwiZ gj `Z Kvq, dj `yM nq bv|
NbNb gj cwivi Kivi cqvRb bv _vKvq kgi mvkq nq|&
GB Ni gvuPv cwZZ gyiwM cvjb mnR|
nvBivBRvi Nii Amyweav t
- cv_wgK wbgvY LiP ekx
- wjUvi cwZZ gyiwM cvjb Kiv hvq bv|
Lvgvi eeZ DcKiY I mivg
(1) eWvi : eWvii 3wU Ask hgb
K) nvfvi , L) eWvi wnUvi M) eWvi MvW
(2) cvwbi cv t
wP bs 6 Sbv wWsKvi wP bs 7 ej UvBc wWsKvi

QvU evPv ,evo evPv I wewfb eqmi gyiwMi Rb AvRKvj wewfb cKvi cvwbi cv cvIqv hvq|
hgb-
K) Sbv wWsKvi L) wbcj wWsKvi M) Kvc wWsKvi N) ejUvBc wWsKvi O) Uvd wWsKvi
(3) Lvevi cv t
wP bs 8 cvwKi Zix Uvd wdWvi wP bs 9 cvwKi Zix wUDe wdWvi
K) c_g Lvevi cv-KvMR/wPKevi XvKwb /cvwK U /_vjv BZvw`

L) wZxq Lvevi cv cvwK ev KvVi Zix Uvd wdWvi, Mxj mshy Uvd wdWvi, cvwKi Zix wUDe
wdWvi , ^swq wdWvi
4) gyiwM aivi Rb (KvwPs ) K
wP bs 10 gyiMx aivi Rb K
KvwPs K gyiwMi cvq AvUK gyiwM aiv nq | 14 MR Zvii mvnvh G K Zix Kiv hvq |
(5) gyiwM aivi nvWj t
nvWj vbvi hvM GK aibi eov
nvWji mvnvh gyiwM GK Rgv Ki aiv nq|
nvWji Mvq ìRv _vK| ìRvi wfZi nvZ XywKq Rgv Kiv gyiwM aiZ myweav nq|
nvWj mvaviYZ : cvwKi mvnvh Zix Kiv nqv|
GKvwaK nvWj cii mshy Ki cqvRbgZ eo Kiv hvq|
nvWji AvKvi 4 dzU - 5 dzU A_ev myweavgZ gvci cvIqv hvq|
gyiwMi cwZkaK UxKv, evQvB I evRviRvZ Kivi Rb gyiwM aiZ nvWj eenvi Kiv nq |
2.2 gyiwM cvjb cwZ

K) wjUvi cwZ, L) gvuPv cwZ M) gvuPv I wjUvi cwZ N) LuvPv cwZ
2.3 K) wjUvi cwZ
wP-11 wjUvi cwZZ gyiMx cvjb

wjUvi cwZZ Kbv I `yM gy Zzl, KvVi ov, Lo I Abvb AcPwjZ wRwbm wjUvi
wnmve eenvi Kiv nq| wjUvi eevq `yBfve wjUvi eenvi Kiv hvq| h_v t nvjKv
wjUvi I wWc wjUvi eev |
wjUvi cwZi DcKvwiZv t
*Ni Kbv I `yMgy _vK|
*wjUvi eenvi Kij gSZ cvqLvbv j& hvq bv|
* gyiwMi Rb Avig`vqK I ^vKi weQvbv Zix nq|
*Lv` icvi nvi ekx nq|
* wjUvii ga GK cKvi wfUvwgb I Avwgl RvZxq Lv` Dcv`vb Zix nq|

* wWgi ga iKwYKv nq bv|
* wWg cvov kl evwZj gyiwMi IRb ekx _vK Ges weq g~j ewk nq|
* wjUvii gyiwM cvjb mnR|
* eeZ wjUvi DbZgvbi Re mvi Ges gvQI cvwYcvwLi Lv` wnmve eenvi
Kvi hvq|
wjUvi cwZZ gSi vb

(K) 1 w`b nZ 6 mvn eqm ch
gyiwMi RvZ wjUvi cwZ gvuPv ev vU cwZ LvuPv cwZ
eM dzU eMwgUvwi eM dzU eMwgUvwi eMBw eM m.wg:
mv`v RvZ 0.75 0.70 0.60 0.056 18 116
iwb RvZ 0.85 0.078 0.75 0.070 20 129
eqjvi RvZ 1.00 0.0929 0.86 0.080
(L) 7 mvn eqm _K 18 mvn eqm ch

mv`v RvZ 1.00 0. 0929 0.86 0.08 45 290
iwb RvZ 1.20 0.11 1.00 0. 0929 54 348
(M) 18 mvni D

mv`v RvZ 1.50 0.14 1.25 0.11 65-70 419-451
iwb RvZ 1.75 0.16 1.50 0.14 70-75 451-484
gvuPv ev vvU cwZi DcKvwiZv

* gvuPvi duvK w`q cvqLvbv bxP coj wcwivi KiZ myweav nq|
* ivM wevii mebv Kg
* gvuPvi Dci ^vKi Aev eRvq _vK
* gvuPvi Dci gyiwMi ^vQeva Ki
* wWg cwivi _vK|
* Zzjbvg~jKfve wjUvi cwZi Pq gyiwMcwZ Kg vbi cqvRbm nq|
vvU ev gvuPv cwZi mgmv
wP-12 vvU ev gvuPv cwZZ gyiwM cvjb

* gvwQi Dcè nq * `yM nq * vUi Dci wWg fvsMvi mebv ekx|
* gyiwMi cwZ Lv` icvi nvi Kg| * vU wbgvY LiP ekx| * vUi /gvuPvi bxP w`q
kxZi mgq Vvv evZvm XyKj wZ nq|
2.4 vU Kvg wjUvi cwZi weeib
wP-13 vU Kvg wjUvi cwZZ gyiwM cvjb

Nii wfZi 2 fvM vU Gesq 1 fvM wjUvi eenvi Kiv nq& Dby Ni Dfq w`Ki bU Nul
Ges cwiek wbqwZ Nii ga eivei mvaviYZ : vU gvuPv vcb Kiv nq| ewi w`b Dby
Ni vUi Dci ewi QvU coj Zgb wZ nq bv | vUi Dci cvwb I Lvevi cv vcb
Kiv nq\ wWg cvovi evmv 50 fvM wjUvii Dci Ges 50 fvM vUi Dci _vK| vUi
DcwifvM wjUvi gS nZ 27 DuPz nq| vUi bxP Zvii Rvj viv Niv _vK Ges Rvji
dvuK w`q evZvm XyK gyiwMi RgvKZ cvqLvbv Kvq, dj M nq bv | cqvRb gZ vUi
bxP nZ cvqLvbv cwivi Kiv nq| kxZi mgq vUi dvuK w`q Vvv evZvm cek e Kivi
Rb AcmviYhvM cvwK c`v viv Zvii Rvji Dci XK `qv nq|
vU-Kvg wjUvi Nii DcKvwiZv

GB Ni `yM Lye Kg nq
GB Ni weWvi gyiwM cvjb Kij wjUvii Dci wgjb nq|
cvwb co wjUvi wfRvi mvebv _vK bv |
vU-Kvg wjUvi cwZi Amyweav
wbgvb LiP ewk
gvwQi Dcè wKQyUv nq
LvuvPvi Zzjbvq gyiwM cwZ ewk vb cqvRb|
GB cwZ weWvi gyiwMi Rb ewk DchvMx|
N) LvuPv cwZ
wP-14 LvPv cwZZ gyiwM cvjb|
LvuPvi ga evPv eywWs _K i Ki jqvi gyiwM cvjb eZgvb AbK ekx Rbwcq| mviv
wek kZKiv 75 fvM gyiwM LvuPv cwZZ cvjb Kiv nq|
LuvPv cwZi DcKvwiZv
* cwiPhv mnR * ivM wevii mvebv Kg

* mnR wWg msMn Kiv hvq * wWgi Mvq gqjv jvM bv
* gyiwM cwZ AbK Kg vbi cqvRb nq * Kwgi AvgY mvebv Kg|
* Amy gyiwM mnR wPwZ Kiv hvq| * Abyrcv`bkxj gyiwM evQvB mnR
2.5 nvumi evmvb I Zvi cKvi f`
MncvwjZ cvwLK cvKwZK `yhvM nZ iv Ki Avivg I wbivc` vb evmvb `qvB Mn^vgxi
j | nuvm Lye ekx Mig I Lye ekx Vvv mn KiZ cvi bv | nvumi Ni wbgvY KiZ wMq
ekx LviP bv Ki mxwgZ LiPi gaB mxgve _vKv DwPr | Avevi evmvb wbgvY KiZ wMq
Ggb boei Ni ivLv DwPr bq hvZ wkqvj, evDivj ,bDj, wPKv ,B`yi BZvw` nvum I nvumi
evPvi Ni cek Ki wZ KiZ cvi| nvumi Ni wbgvYi cvvj wbgwjwLZ welqwji cwZ
j ivLv ìKvi |
1| RvqMv wbevPY t nvumi Nii Rb mvaviYZ: Lvjv ,DPz I i` _vK Ggb RvqMv evQvB
Kiv DwPr | evjy gvwU, Wb KvUvi myweav AvQ Ges Nvm RvZ bv cvi Ggb RvqMv wbevPb Kiv
Dg| Nii msM eo MvQ ev RsMj _vKv DwPZ bq| gyiMxi Lvgvii mwbKU nvumi Nii
RvqMv wbevPb Kiv wVK bq|
2| Nii bgybv t
wK bgybvi Ni ,KZ nvum cvjb Kiv ne BZvw` wPv fvebv Ki Ni Zix KiZ ne| A nuvmi
Rb QvU Ni Ges ekx nvumi Rb eo vqx Ni Zix KivB fvj | j^v, mi Ges PviKvYv Ni
Zix Kiv DwPZ| Mvgxb cwiek Ges cvKwZK `yhvM I cvwicvwkK Aevi welq wPv fvebv
Ki Nii Pvjv wbevPb KiZ ne|
1| mW UvBc 2| Mej UvBc 3| mwg Mej UvBc 4| gwbUi UvBc 5| mwg gwbUi UvBc 6|
Mvj UvBc|
wP-15 nvumi Nii wewfb bgybv

Nii eevcbv t
1| Zvc t Nii Zvc wbg 4.4 wWMx mt D 37.8 wWMx mt nvum gyiwMi Rb gvivZK | Nii
Zvc mvavibZ 12.8 wWMx mt _K 23.9 wWMx mt ch Dg|
2| Av`Zvt AvenvIqv fvj _vKj nuvmi kvixwiK ew, jvg MRvbv Ges wWgi Drcv`b fvj
nq | ZvQvov AcvKwZK cwiek wWg Drcv`b wZ Ki| nuvm mvaviYZ 70% Av`Zv mn
KiZ cvi| kZKiv 30% Kg cvLbv Si hvq| Nii Av`Zv 70% Gi D nj KKwmwWqv
I Kwgi DrcvZ evo Ges nuvmK Awi Aevq `Lv hvq| cwZKvii GKgv Dcvq Nii wjUvi
Kbv ivLv Ges evq~ PjvPj chv eev Kiv|
(3) Avjv (Kwg) t Kwg Avjv mvaviYZ : nuvm-gyiMxi `wnK ew, iwZwqv Ges wWg
Drcv`b mnvqZv Ki | nuvmi evPvi AZ 6 mvn eqm ch ivZ Avjvi eev ivLv
evbxq| GZ Lv` ewk Lve Ges `wnK IRb ew cve| wWg `qv nuvmi Rb 14-16 NUv
Avjv mieivn Dg| GB AwZwi mgq Kwg Avjv mKvj A_ev weKvj hvM Ki A_ev Dfq
mgq fvM Ki w`jB Pje| 300 eMdzU RvqMvi Rb 1wU 60 IqvU evj h_ | eqjvi nvum I
gyiMxi Rb mviv ivw Avjvi eev ivLZ ne|
(4) gS Ges gSi cwigvc t gS muvZmuvZ bv nq Ges Bu`yi cek KiZ bv cvi mw`K
j ivLZ ne| 7-8 mvn ch evPvi Rb Zvii Rvji gS Ges eq nvuvmi Rb cvKv
gS evbxq| gSi cwigvc evPv I eq nvum cvjb Aavq è |
(5) evZvm PjvPj eev (fbwUjkb)t `qvji kZKiv 40 fvM wnme Nii j^vjwe eovi
Zvii Rvji eev ev evuki mvnvh wQ` Iqvjv eovi eev _vKZ ne|
(6) wjUvi (weQvbv ) Av`Zv kvlY KiZ cvi Ggb e wjUvi wnme eenvi KiZ ne |
avbi Lo ev Mgi UzKiv , avbi Zzl, KvVi ov BZvw` wjUvi wnmve eenvi Kiv hvq | wjUvi
me`v Kbv ivLvi eev KiZ ne| avbi Zzl ev KvVi ov eenvi Kij DuPz wjUvi (3 -
4 ) eenvi bv Ki cvZjv wjUvi (1 -2 ) eenvi KiZ ne|
(7) Lvevi I cvwbi cv t evPv I eq nuvm cvjb Aavq è|
gwWDj -3
evPv cvjb
3.1| eywWs I eywWs Kgm~Px t

A eqm cvjK bv nIqvq ev QvU _vKvq kixi Ave nqbv G Rb kixii Zvc wbqbi Rb
Kwg Zvci cqvRb nq| G Aevq Kwg fve Zvc `qvK eywWs ejv nq | ewWs `yB fve
Kiv hvq | h_vt -K) cvKwZK ewWs I L) Kwg ewWs
K) cvKwZK ewWs t gyiwMi mvnvh cvKwZK ewWs Kiv nq|
L) Kwg ewWs t e`ywZK, Mvm, Kiwmb I Abvb Zvci Drmi gvag ewWs KivK
Kwg eywWs ej|
evPv ewWs Ni t
Lvgvii jqvi evPv cvjb Kivi Rb wZb cKvi Nii eenvi Kiv nq | hgbt
K) eWvi nvDR L) eWvi-Kvg -Mvqvi nvDR M) eWvi -Kvg- jqvi nvDR|
eWvi nvDR t
* ^Z eWvi Nii AvKvi QvU nIqvZ Zvc Drcv`b LiP Kg|
* GB Ni evPv eywWs kl evPvjvK wew ev Mvqvi nvDR vbvi Kiv nq|
* GB mgq evPv vbvi Kij evPvi aKj nq I ivM wevii mvebv evi|
eyWvi Ni Kvg- Mvqvi nvDRt
eZgvb GB Nii cPjb ekx | Nii ga wKQy cwigvb vb c_K fve ewWsqi eev
Kiv hvq Ggb fve Zix Kiv nq| ci Mvwqs AevqI mLvbB ivLv nq|
evPv eo nIqvi mv_ mv_ vbi cqvRb ewk nZ _vKj c`v kwiq evPv _vKvi vb
ck Kiv nq|
jqvi Ni vbvii cye ch G Ni cyjU cvjb Kiv nq|
wP-16 eyWvi Ni Kvg- Mvqvi nvDR
eWvi -Kvg- jqvi nvDR t

GB Ni evPv cvjb I evo evPv cvjb kl wWg cvov ch gyiwM cvjb Kiv nq|
cwZ evP evPv cvjb Kivi Rb evPvi msLv wbavibt
Lvgvii cqvRb I Nii avib gZvbymvi cwZ evP evv cvjb Kivi Rb evPvi msLv
wbavib KiZ nq|
evwYwRK Lvgvi eWvi - Kvg- Mvqvi nvDR cyjU cwZ Mo GK eMdzU vb wnmve evPvi
msLv wbavib Kiv nq|
4dzU evmi nvfvii bxP mv`v evPv 500wU iwb evPPv 475 wU Ges eqjvi evPv 450wU
ewWs Kiv nq| GB wnme Ni eWvii msLv wbavib Kiv nq|
Nii AvqZb I evPvi msLvbymvi Ni eWvi vcbi cwiKbv Kiv nq|
mKj mgq cqvRbi AwZwi kZKiv 5wU evPv ekx cvjb Kiv nq|
3.2 ewWs cye cwZ, evPv ewWs eevcbv
eWvi Ni cZ
eWvi Ni /eWvi - Kvg Mvqvi Ni Lvwj nIqvi mv_ mv_ Nii mg& mivg , wjUvi /ewXs
LvPv BZvw` ei KiZ nq|
Nii Kvb msvi cqvRb nj eev wbZ nq|
Nii gSZ jM _vKv gqjv cvwb w`q wfwRq Zzj djZ nq|
cwivZi cvwb viv mg Ni ayq djZ nq|
fwUjkb ,dvb, jvBU ,ìRv Rvbvjv So gyQ cwivi KiZ nq|
Ni Rxevbygy Kibt
RxevbyYvkK eeZ cvwbZ evk wfwRq fwUjkb ,dvb, jvBU ,ìRv Rvbvjv So
gyQ cwivi KiZ nq|
Nii gSZ AvBqvmvb / wdbvBj/mvejb/WUj BZvw` w`q ayq djZ nq|
A_ev A LiPi Rb wfRv Ni gSi Dci cwZ 100eM dzU vb GK KwR Kvco KvPv
mvWv fvjfve Qwoq 15 wgwbU ci fvjfve ayq djZ nq|
Ni cwivi Kivi mgq I RxevbybvkK eenvi mgq cvq Mv^yU,`n Gcvb I gyL gyLvk
eenvi Kiv evbxq |
Ni wjUvi / LvuPv I mivgvw` vcb

Ni Rxevbygy nIqvi ci fvjfve KvZ ne (10-15 w`b) |
kKbv gSi Dci 2 cyivKi wjUvi mvgMx weQvbvi ci eyWvi MvW, nvfvi, wnUvi BZvw`
chvg vcb KiZ nq|
eWvi MvWi GKdzU wfZi wWsKvi I Lv` cv vcbi Rb vb ivLZ nq|
LvuPvq eywWs Kij wjUvii cwieZ eWvi LvuPv vcb Kiv nq|
eWvi -Kvg-Mvqvi nvDRi Dby vb c`v viv XK w`Z nq| MigKvj PUi c`v Ges
kxZ I elvi mgq cvwK c`v eenvi Kiv nq|
eWvi -Kvg Mvqvi nvDR evPv ewWsqi Rb wbw` vb cvwK c`v viv wNi c_K
KiZ nq Ges Niv vb eWvi vcb KiZ nq|
eWvi I Nii Zvc gvvt
Nii Zvc gvv t
Ni evPv c`vbi mgq Nii Zvc gvv 75 wWMx dvt _vK Ges ewWs kl 65-75 wWMx dvt
Zvcgvv ivLv nq|
eWvii Zvc gvv t

evPvi eqm jqvi evPv eqjvi evPv
mvn kxZKvj MxKvj kxZKvj MxKvj
dvt mt dvt mt dvt mt dvt mt
1-2 95.0 35.0 91.0 32.7 90.0 32.2 86 30
2-3 90.0 32.2 86.0 30.0 85.0 29.2 81.0 27.2
3-4 85.0 29.4 81.0 27.2 80.0 26.6 75.0 23.8
4-5 80.0 26.6 75.0 23.8 75.0 23.8 - -
5-6 75.0 23.8 - - - - - -
evPv ewWs eevcbv

eWvi Pvj~ I cv cvwb c`vb
evPv MnYi w`b eWvi cvwbi cv cvwb `qvi ci Ges evPv MnYi 3 lUv c~e eWvi
Pvjy (Zvc Drcv`b) KiZ nq| ekx AvM Pvjy Kij wjUvi ekx wKq hvq Ges ci Pvjy
Kij cvwbi Zvcgvv h_ cwigvb nq bv | cvwbi Zvcgvv 65 dvt (18mt ) nIqv
evbxq | (cvwb c`vb cwZ è )
GB mgq ck Lv` cv wnmve KvMR /wPK evi XvKwb/cvwK U nvfvii bxP vcb
Kiv nq|
eWvi evPv c`vb t
Lvgvi evPv cQvbvi mv_ mv_ c~e _K cZ cwiPvhKvix evPvi mieivn MnY
Kie Ges `Z eWvi c`vb Kie|
mvavibZ: mKvji w`K eWvi evPv c`vb Kij cwiPhv I cheYi Rb h_ mgq
cvIqv hvq Ges mKvj AvenvIqv Vvv _vKvi ìb Kg aKj mw nq|
evPv MnYi mgq wPK evi wfZi gZ evPv _vKj Zvi msLv wnmve KiZ nq|
me nj evPvi cv_wgK bgybv IRb ivLv hvq|
evPv mieivn ZvwjKvi mv_ Kvb Awgj _vKj wnmve AvbZ nq Ges evPv mieivnKvix
cwZvbK AewnZ KiZ nq|
evPvi AvPiY cixvt

eWvi evPv c`vbi ci evPvi AvPiY cixv AZ iZcY~ &
evPvi Rb AbyKyj Zvcgvv evPvi AvPY `L Abygvb KiZ nq, hgb-
- eWvi Zvc ewk nj evPv Zvci Drm nZ `~i hvq Ges eWvi MvWi Mv Nl Rgv nq |
-eWvi Zvc Kg nj Zvci Drmi bxP ekx Zvci Avkvq evPv fxo Ki Ges cii
RovRwo Ki Mig nZ Pv Ki| GB Aevq PvcvPwcZ kvmi nq evPv gviv hvh|
-Zvc evPvi AbyK~j _vKj evPv ^ZtzZ _vK Ges myzfve Lv` Lvq I cvwb cvb Ki|
-evPv ^ZtzZfve PjvPj I cvwb cvb bv Kij eySZ nq cwienb RwbZ aKj cxwoZ AZev
Amy|
* nvfvi A_ev Zvci Drm DuP-z bxPz Ki Zvc Kg -ekx Kiv nq|
* eWvi evPv Ìqvi ci iwUb gZ cheY h_ bq| evi evi eWvi Ni cek Ki
AvPiY cixvi ci eev wbZ nq| 2 mvn eqm ch evPvi AZ msKUgq mgq |
* nVvr Ki Avjv wbf hvIqv, Nii Zvcgvv cwieZb, fwUjkb eev, Lv` I cvwbi
cwieZb, wewfb cKvi k I nMvj evPvi aKj mw Ki| evPvi AvPiY `L G mg aKj
cwZKvii eev MnY AZ iZcY~ |
* eWvi evPv Ìqvi ci Zviv cvwb cvb Ki|
eWvi evPvi cvwb cvb Kivi ceYZv cixv Kiv nq| cZK evPv hvZ mnR cvwb cvb KiZ
cvi m eev wbZ nq| cqvRb nj nvZ ai cvwb cvb KivZ nq|
Lv` c`vb
eWvi evPv Ìqvi 2-3 NUv ci cZK evPvi mwVK cvwb cvb wbwZ nq cv_wgK cv
vUvi ikb c`vbi c~e Mg , fyv P~b A_ev PvDji Lyu` Ìqv hvq|
wjUvi eevcbv
wjUvi ekx wfRv nj hgb wewfb cKvi Mvm Drcv`b ew cvq Zgwb KKwmwWqv ,Kwg I
ivM RwevYyi esk wevi ew cvq | ZvQvov evPvi `n cvjK MRvbvi nvi Kg hvq|
evPv Zvci Drmi bxP ekx Rgv nIqvi KviY mLvb ekx gjZvM Ki, dj wjUvi
`Z Av` nq|
wjUvi ekx Kbv nj evPvi `n nZ Rjxq Ask kvlb Kivi dj wW-nvBWkb nq|
wjUvi mwVKfve cwiPhv Kij G Aev nq bv|
eWvi vbvvi
cwZmvn eWvii Zvcgvv 5 dvt KgvZ nq hZY bv Nii ^vfvweK Zvcgvvi(75dvt )

mgvb nq|
evPv eo nIqvi mv_ mv_ evPv cwZ ekx vb c`vbi Rb eWvii Pviw`Ki NivI `qv
c`v Ges eWvi MvW mwiq vb ck KiZ nq|
MxKvj 2 mvn Ges kxZKvj 3 mvn eqmi ci GB c`v I eWvi MvWi cqvRb nq bv
|
MxKvj 3 mvni ci Ges kxZKvj 4 mvni ci eWvi Zvci cqvRb nq bv, G mgq
nvfvi DuP~Z Zzj ivLv nq|
fwUjkb eev
Nii Dby vb eeZ c`v 2 mvn eqmii ci w`bi ejv Lyj `qv nq Ges iv e
KiZ nq|
mvaviYZ : Dby Ni c`v Lyj `qv Ges iv e KivB h_ bq eis DbZgvbi cyjU
Zixi Rb AvenvIqvi Aev eyS w`b ivi ga KqKevi c`v Lvjv I e Kivi
cqvRb nq|
gwWDj -4
cyjU ev evo evPv cvjb
6 mvn eqmi ci wWg cvoZ i Kivi c~e ch x evo evPvK cyjU Ges cyil evPvK
KKij ej|
4.1|cyjU cvjb cwiKbv t
cyjU cvjb Kivi Rb 4 cKvi cwiKbv Mnb Kiv nq| GB cwiKbv evPv ewWs nZ i nq|
hgb-
K) Aj -Bb-Aj AvDU cwiKbv,L) gvjwUcj wiqvwis cwiKbv, M) AvBmvjkb wiqvwis
cwiKbv, N) wmRbvj wiqvwis cwiKbv |
K) Aj -Bb-Aj AvDU cwiKbv t

GB cwiKbvi ga Lvgvi ay GKB eqmi evPv ewWs _K iKi wWg cvov kl bv nIqv
ch Ab Kvb eqmi evPv ,cyjU A_ev jqvi ivLv nq bv|
Lvgvi evPv ewWs I cyjU Drcv`b Ki wew Kivi Rb A_ev eqjvi cvjb Kivii Rb GB
cwiKbv ekx DchvMx |
GB cwiKbvi mydjt
Lvgvi GKB mv_ wewfb eqmi gyiwM bv _vKvi Kvib ivM wevii mvebv _vK bv |
cwZ evP evPPvi cvjb kl cieZx evP evPv cvjb Kivi c~e 2 mvn Ni Lvwj ivLv nq dj-
K) ivM Rxevbyi Rxeb Pi Q` NU|
L) Ni cwivi I Rxevbygy Kiv hvq
M) Nii msvi I mcmvib Kiv hvq|
N) cwiPhvKvixK Abvb KvR eenvi Kiv hvq|
O) bZzb D`vvi Rb GB cwZ AbK fvjv|
L) gvjwUcj wiqvwis cwiKbv

* Lvgvii GKB mv_ wewfb kW wewfb eqmi gyiwM _vK &
* jqvi Lvgvi wewfb jqvi kW wewfb eqmi jqvi gyiMx I eWvi Kvg- MvqvinvDR
wicmgvU K cvjb Kiv nq|
* GB cwiKbvi dj Lvgvi wWg Drcv`bi avivevwnKZv iv Kiv hvq|
jqvi Lvgvi gvwcj wiqvwis cwiKbv Mnb cwZt

evRvi wWg mievivni avivevwnKZv ivLvi Rb GB cwiKbv Mnb KiZ nq|
m wewfb kWi Rb ^Z DcKib I cwiPhvKvix _vK|
GK kW nZ Ab kW wbw` `yiZ evRvq ivLZ nq|
mwbUkb eev welq mZK _vKZ nq|
cwiek wbqwZ Ni Zix Kiv hvq|
AvBmvjkb wiqvwis cwiKbv
^Z evWvi Ni evPv ewWsGi ci A_ev ewWs Kvg Mvqvi nvDR cyjU Drcv`bi ci
^Zfve vwcZ jqvi LvLvi vbvi KiZ nq|
GB cwiKbv AZwaK eqej | ay cyjU Drcv`bi Rb G cwiKbv MnY Kiv hvq |
wmRbvj wiqvwis cwiKbv t

cyjU Drcv`bi Rb Avjvi fywgKv AZ iZ enb Ki| mvaviYZ : 8 mvn nZ 18
mvni c~e ch `wbK 8 NUv AvjvK mgqi cqvRb nq|
cwiek wbqwZ Ni Qvov cyjUi Rb 8 NUv AvjvK mgq c`vb me nq bv|
mvaviYZt wWmî gvm w`bi `N 9 nZ 10 NUv nq evPvi evo eqm Kvj wWmî gvm
nj ZvK wmRbvj wiqvwis ej|
mvavibZt AvM nZ Avei gvm Drcvw`ZZ evPvi evo eqm Kg -ekx wWmî gvm nq
|
wmRbvj wiqvwis cwiKbvi mydj t
GB cyjU AZ DbZgvbi nq|
ekx wWg cvo Ges wWg cvovi mgqKvj ekx nq|
cvjb LiP Kg|
Kwg Avjvi cqvRb nqbv|
4. 2 cyjU wbevPY
`n myMwVZ ne|
`n cvjK cwic~b _vKe|
Pj I fvj ^vi AwaKvix ne|
gvBKv cvRgv I mvjgvwbjv gy ne|
cii mgZv 60 fvMi ekx ne|
RvZ I eqm Abymvi wbavwiZ IRbi ne|
cyjU wbevPYi eqm

LvPvq cvjb KiZ nj 15 mvn eqm jqvi LvuPvq vbvi KiZ nq | GB eqm cyjUi
Lv` cwieZb mgq |
wjUvi cvjb Kivi Rb 15-18 mvn eqm jqvi Ni vbvi Kiv nq|
jUvi cvwjZ evPv wjUvi ,LvuPv A_ev gvuPvi Dci Ges LvuPvq cvwjZ evPv ay gv LvuPvq
cvjb Kivi Rb Dchy|
10 mvn _K 20 mvn eqm ch cyjU cvjb AZ iZc~b mgq|
cyjU cvjb Kgm~Px t
Lvgvi GK evP gyiwMi wWg Drcv`b kl nj 2 mvn ci Ni bZyb evP cyjU w`Z nq
jqvi gyiwM cwieZb I bZzb cyjU wWg Drcv`b i nIqv ch wWg Drcv`b
avivevwnKZv evnZ nq|
jqvi gyiwM evwZj I bZzb cyjU c`vbi c~e Ni cwivi cwiQb ,Rxevbygy Kivi Rb 2
mvn mgq `qv ìKvi nq |
Lvgvi wWg Drcv`bi avivevwnKZv ivi Rb GKvwaK jqvi kW _vK Ges cwZ kW
wewfb eqmi jqvi cvjb Kivi cyjU Drcv`b Kgm~Px MnY Kiv nq |
cyjUi Lv` c`vb t Lv` c`vb Kgm~Px
cyjUi cvwb c`vb t AjvK mgqm~Px
cyjUi cvwb c`vb t cvwb c`vb cwZ
^v iv I ivM cwZiva t fvKwmb c`vb Kgm~Px

cwZw`b cwi`kb
* cwZw`b mKvj mvq gyiwMi AvPib cixv KiZ nq|
* Gmgq Ni gZ I `~ej gyiwM _vKj Acmvib , ivM wbbq I cwZKvi eev MnY Kiv nq|
* gyiwMi Ni KLbI cwi bv nq cek KiZ bB|
gwWDj - 5
5.1 jqvi gyiwMi msv I jqvi gyiwMi wWg Drcv`bi ewkt
* 18 mvn _K wWg cvovi kl ch gyiwMK jqvi gyiwM wnmve Mb Kiv nq|
evve wWg cvov gyiwMKB wWg cvov gyiwM wnme Avgviv gb Kwi|ZvB Zv 18 mvn eqm _K
gyiwMK jqvi Lv` Ìqv nq |
wWg Drcv`biewkt
* 20 mvn eqm kZKiv 5 fvM wWg cvoZ iKi|
* 21 mvn eqm kZKiv 10 fvM wWg Drcv`b k~i nq|
* 26 nZ 32 mvn eqm mevP wWg Drcv`b nq|
* mevPv wWg Drcv`b iI ci wKQyw`b wwZkxj _vK | G mgq wWgi AvKvi Zgb eo nq
bv| cieZxZ Drcv`b nvi KgZ _vK Ges wWgi AvKvi eo nZ _vK|
* 50 mvn eqmi ci wWgi AvKvi wwZkxj nq Ges 40 mvn eqmi ci IRb ew
wwZkxj nq|
* Kg ekx mKj cKvi evwYwRK wWg cvov gyiwMi ewk Abyic|
5.2 Lv` c`vb

wWg Drcv`b i nIqvi 2 mvn c~e _K LvÌ kZKiv 2fvM wSbyK P~Y~ eenvi Ges 20 mvn
eqm nZ jqv Lvevi eenvi iKiZ nq|
wWgDrcv`bi iI 4/5 w`b c~e _K cyjUi Lv` LvIqvi cwigvb KiZ _vK Ges kZKiv
20fvM ch KgZ _vK |
wWg Drcv`bi ii ci 4/5 w`b ch `Z LvIqvi cwigvb evoZ _K Ges cieZxZ GB ew Kg Avm|
wWgcvoZ i Kivi ci jqvi gyiwMi wZb avc Lv` c`vb KiZ nq|
cvwb c`vb
cvwb c`vb Kgm~Px è
AvjvK c`vb
AvjvK c`vb Kgm~Px è |
5.3 jqvi gyiwMi ^v eev t
* cwZw`b mKvj I mvq gyiwMi AvPib cixv KiZ nq|
* AvenvIqvi Zvcgvv Abymvi cvwb cvb Kivi cwigvb hvPvB KiZ nq|
* Lv` LvIqv I cvwb cvb Kivi cwigvbi Dci gyiwMi ^vi Aev wbfi Ki|
* Ni gyiwMi gZ~ nj gZyi Kvib Abymvb KiZ nqGes `Z gZ gyiwMi kZKvii eev
Mnb KiZ nq|
* wbqwgZ UxKv c`vbi eev Mnb KiZ nq|
* vbxq cvwYwPKrmKi civgkg Lv` ev cvwbi mv_ Jla mebi eev wbZ nq|
* gyiwMi cvjb cwZ Abymvi gSZ vb wbavib nZ ne|
* Lvgvii Re wbivcv h_vh_fve cvjb KiZ ne|
5.4 jqvi gyiwMi wWgcvov ev c`vb I eevcbv, wWgmsMn ,wWg evQvB I MwWs t
* wWgcvov evi aib t wWg cvovi Rb cwZwU Lvci vb 12 B x 14 Bw Ges DPZv 14 Bw
* GB ev GKK ev Kjvwb UvBc nZ cvi|
* 4-5 wU gyiwMi Rb GKwU Lvc eenvi Kiv hve GBAbycvZ Ni ev w`Z nq|
* ev h_ fwUjkb hy wK AKvi nIqv evbxq |
* evi myL gyiwM DVvi Rb cvUdig _vK| cvUdig Zzj w`j ev XvKvi ìRv
e nq hvq|
* wewfb cKvi cqvRb gvwdK wWg cvovi eveenvi Kiv nq|
* wWg Drcv`b i Kivi 1 mvn AvM Mo wWgi ev vcb KiZ nq Ges wWgi evi
ìRv w`bi ejvq Lvjv ivLZ nq |
* evi wbP 6 Bw nZ 1 dzU DPuy _vKv cqvRb, Ab_vq wjUi cwiPhvq Amyweav nq |
* wWgi evi wfZi wWg cvovi Rb Avivg`vqK weQvbv A_vr wjUvi mvgMx eenvi KiZ
nq|
* wWgi evi wfZi wWg cvovi Rb Af KiZ c~e _K 1wU wWg vcb Kij fvj ne|
* wWgi ev Nii wfZi wKQyUv AvKvi vb vcb Kiv DwPZ|
wWg msMn
* kxZi mgq mKvj 10 _K 11Uv Ges weKvj 4Uv _K 4.30Uvi mgq wWg msMn KiZ nq|
* Migi mgq mKvj weKvj QvovI `ycyi Avi GKevi wWg msMn KiZ nq|
* mvi mgq evi wfZi Kvb wWg bv iL mKvj ìRv Lvjvi mgq 1wU Ki wWg ivLv nq|
wWg evQvB eevcbv
dvUv wWg mv_ mv_ c_K bv Kij mg wWg b nq hvq|
wWgi kj cvZjv nj Lvì cyw gvb cixv KiZ nq|
wWgcvov evi weQvbv cwZw`b cwivi I cqvRb bZzb wjUvimvgMx hvM KiZ
ne|
wWg msMni mgq wWgi UZ wWg msMn Kiv DwPZ
Amy I Abyrcv`bkxj gyiwM c_K KiZ nq|
wWg msMni mgq ^qwq hi wU cwiv Kiv DPZ|
wWg msMni mgq wWgi gvUv gv_v Dcii w`K Ges mi gv_v wbPi w`K _vKe|
wWgi MwWs
wWg evRvi RvZ Kivi c~e wWg evQvB I MwWs KiZ nq|
wWgi AvKvi I Rb Abymvi wWg MwWs KiZ nq|
`yB Kzmyg wewk wWg jvK Avjv`v KiZ nq|
5.5 jqvi gyiwMi wWg Drcv`b ewi Dcvq I evRvi RvZ Kib
* DbZ gvbi cyjU Zix Kivi j evPv cvjb _K i Ki wWg cvovi kl ch
eevcbv Kvb wU Kiv hve bv |
* wVKgZ ewWs ,UxK ,Lv`,cvwb ,Jla, Nii cwiPhv ,gyiwM QvUvBcwqv cvjb KiZ ne|
* KvbAevB gyiwMK UxKv, QvUvB cwqv BZvw` mgq aKji m~Lxb nZ `qv hvebv|
evRviRvZKib
mwVK mgq evRvi RvZ KiZ bv cvij Lvgvi AbK wZ nq | Lvgvii wbavwiZ Kgm~Px
Abymvi gyiwM I wWg evRvi RvZ KiZ nq| AbK mgq wWg AbK w`bi nq Mj cuP
hvIqvi mebv _vK, ZvZ Lvgvi h_ wZ nq| AbK mgq dzUvbv wWgi Pvwn`v _vK |
dzUvbv wWg weq KiZ nj gyiwMi mv_ gviM _vKZ ne| dzUvbv wWgi `vg AekB Lvevi
wWgi Pq AbK ekx ne| GjvKvi evRvi eevbymvi evRvi RvZ KivB kq|
gwWDj-6
eqjvi cvjb
6.1 eqjvi cvjb Kgm~Pxt

* eqjvi cvjb Kivi Rb Aj-Bb-Aj AvDU Kgm~Px MnY Kiv DwPZ|
* ciek wbqwZ Ni gvjwUcj wiqvwis Kgm~Px Mnb Kiv nq | GB Kgm~Pxi Aaxb PKvi wewfb
kWi wewfb eqmi eqjvi cvjb Kij mviv ermi Drcv`b avivevwnKZv iv Kiv hvq|
evP cwZ evPvi msLv wbaviY t

eqjvi Kvg Mvqvi nvDR eqjvi cvjb Kiv nq |
Nii AvqZb Abymvi evPv cwZ 1 eMdzU wnmve evPvi msLv wbavib KiZ nq |
evwYwRK Lvgvi eqjvi Nii AvqZb Ggb nIqv DwPZ hLvb GKRb cwiPhvKvixi
mvewYK Kgmgqi cwic~Y eenvi wbwZ nq | Ab_vq kgi AcPq nq|
GKRb cwiPhvKvix `wbK 5000 evPvi cwiPhv KiZ cvi| hLvb AvaywbK eevi Afve
I `Zv Kg mLvb mvevwaK 2,500 evPv cvjb Kivi Rb 1 Rb cwiPhvKvix cqvRb|
evwlK jgvv wbaviYt
Aj-Bb-Aj AvDU Kgm~Pxi Aaxb cwZ evP 5 mvn wnmve mevP 7 evP eqjvi cvjb
Kiv hvq|
cwZ evP eqjvi Drcv`b kl 2/3 mvn Ni Lvwj ivLj gvU 17 mvn Ni Lvwj _vK|
Ni Lvwj mgq cwivi cwiQb, RxevbygyKiY, msvi BZvw` KvR Kiv nq|
cwiek wbqwZ Ni gvjwUcj Kgm~Px Abymvi wewfb kWi aviY gZv wnme Ki
cwZ evP evPvi msLv wbaviY Kiv nq| cwiek wbqwZ Ni Qvov Dby Ni gvjwUcj
eev MnY Kiv DwPZ bq|
Av`k eqjvi cvjb kW (eyWvi -Kvg-Mvqvi) nvDR t
eqjvi cvjb kWi bv

(1)dzW cvW (2) ewmb (3) kWi eenvii RyZv (4) Mvm DBv (cwiek wbqwZ Ni)
(5) ìRv (6) ^Z Kvco ivLvi Rb AqviWc (7) kWi iKWc (8) kW cekc_ (9)
eWvi vcb (10) kWi 8 dzU ìRv (eo AvKvii kW Uvi XyK wjUvi cwivi Kivi Rb
eeZ nq)|
ewWs I Mvwqs eev t
Nii ga AvswkK vb wNi evPv ewWs Kiv nq|
evPvi eqm ewi mv_ mv_ eWvi MvW ck Ki _vKvi vb ew Kiv nq|
MxKvj 10-15 w`b ci Ges kxZKvj 15-21 w`b ci eWvi MvWi cqvRb nq bv|
GB mgq Nii Zvcgvv 70-75 wWt dv: _vK|
ewWs kl nvfvi DuPzZ Zzj ivLv nq
`ni cvjK MRvbvi Rb wjUvii Aev t
wjUvii Av`Zv kZKiv 25 fvM _vKv DwPZ|
wjUvii Av`Zv kZKiv 30 fvM AwZg Kij KKwmwWqvi Avgb ew cvq | ZvQvov
Ggvwbqv I Abvb welv Mvm ewi dj kvmK ew cvq Ges `n cvjK MRvbvi
nvi Kg hvq|
6.2 Lv` I cvwb t
jqvi evPvi Abyic
cvwb t
jqvi evPvi Abic
eqjvi gyiwMi Zvcgvv
evPvi eqm jqvi evPv eqjvi evPv
mvn kxZKvj MxKvj kxZKvj MxKvj
dvt mt dvt mt dvt mt dvt mt
1-2 95.0 35.0 91.0 32.7 90.0 32.2 86 30
2-3 90.0 32.2 86.0 30.0 85.0 29.2 81.0 27.2
3-4 85.0 29.4 81.0 27.2 80.0 26.6 75.0 23.8
4-5 80.0 26.6 75.0 23.8 75.0 23.8 - -
5-6 75.0 23.8 - - - - - -
6.3 eqjvi gyiwMi Dì Pwe MVb t
eqjvi Lv` Pwe /Zj DcKiY nvi ew Kiv nj Dì ev ZjcU Pwe RgZ kyi Ki|
Lv` wecvKxq kw Kgvbv nj Avwgl I Abvb cy Dcv`vb MnYi cwigvY ewcvq |
wK Lv` icvi nvi Kg hvIqvi dj ZjcUi Pwei i eo nq|
GB i ewi cwigvb Lv` icvi nvii mv_ msc KviY gvsm ewi Zzjbvq Pwei
i ew Rb ekx Lvì cqvRb nq|
Lv` icvi nvi Kg nj `n Pwei cwigvb ew cvq|
Lv` icvi nvi ewi Rb mgvw Lv` wecvKxq kwi nvi ew Kiv cqvRb|
Lv` Pwe ev Zj RvZxq DcKib eenvi è|
eqjvii Pwe Kgvbvt
* ermi mg mgq evwYwRK eqjvi Drcv`b, kvixwiK ew I Lv` icvi nvi ewi Rb
cPvi A _vK bv| GB cPvi dj `n Pwei cwigvb A^vfvweK ew nq Ges mg
`n eUb nq ZjcU Pwe ewi cwigvY GZ evcK h cwKqvRvZ Kivi mgq Pwe ev`
w`Z nq|
mvwnK IRb I Lv` eevcbv t
Lv` I IRb ewi cwigvb nvum-gyiwMi Lv` I cyw eevcbv gwWDj -9 Abymvi Kiv evbxq |
AvjvK eevcbv t
gwWDj -7 G ewbZ AvjvK eevcbv è|
eqjvi cwqvRvZ KiY
eqjvi cwqvRvZ Kibi dj hvZ Ki gvsm DbZ gvbi nq A_vr Kvb iKgi wU bv _vK |
hgb cwivi cwiQb , ivMRxevbygy, _Zjvbv BZvw` welqvw` wbwZKibi
DkB cwqv RvZKib Kiv nq|
cwqvRvZ c~e cwZt
eqjvi cwqvRvZ Kivi Rb aivi 2/3 NUv cye _K Lv` e ivLZ nqdj
cwicvKZi mvjgvwbjv Rxevbyi cwiew Kg hvq|
Lv` e ivLvi dj eqjvi gyiwM wKQyUv IRb nvivq |
eqjvi gyiwM `yB chvq Abvnvi _vK| hgb Lvgvi AevbKvj aivi c~e Ges Lvgvi
_K cwqvRvZ KviLvbvq cuQvbv ch| 2 chvq gvU 8 _K 9 NUvi AwZwi
Afy ivLv DwPZ bq|
Afy mgq 2 _K 3 fvM IRb nvivbv DwPZ | ekx mgq Afy _vKj ekx cwigvb
IRb nvive Bnv eqjvii bMZ gvb b Ki|
gyiwM ai LvuvPvq XvKvbvi c~e cq cvwb c`vb Kiv nq| G mgq cvwb c`vb Kiv nq
bv|
cwqvRvZ Kivi ci gvsm cwiPhv I wPwjs Kivi mgq 2/3 Ask IRb DbZ nq|
LvuPvq ev Ui wfZi XvKvbvi ci cwqvRvZ Kiv ch Avi cvwb c`vb Kiv nq bv|
eqjvi gvsm _Zjvbv ev weebZv t

* eqjvi gvsm Drcv`b GK wRwbm Ges gvsmi bMZ gvb Azb iL evRviRvZKiY Avjv`v
wRwbm|
* eqjvi aiv ev nvZvbvi mZq AZ mZKZv Aejgb bv Kij gvsm _Zjvbv nq, weebZv
mw nq Ges gvsmi bMZ gvb zb nq|
* eqjvi aiv Rb cwiPhvKvixì mwVK cwkb I KjvKkj welq AewnZ KiZ nq|
(K) cwKqvRvZKiY I weqi 5 w`b c~e KvuKi c`vb e ivLZ nq|
(L) wdwbkvi Lvì mv_ mg cKvi Jla eenvi cwqvRvZ Kivi 5 w`b c~e m~b e ivLZ
nq|
(M) iv hLb gyiwM kv _vK ZLb aiZ nq Ges m ev LvuPvi ga fiZ nq|
(N) gyiwM aivi 2 NUv cye Lv` c`vb e ivLZ nq|
gvsm _Zjvbv I weeYZv cwinvi eevcbvt

wjUvi wfRZ A_ev `jv evaZ Ìqv hve bv |
wjUvii A`Zv kZKiv 25-30 fvMi ekx ev Kg ivLv hve bv|
Ni Ggvwbqv mw nZ Ìqv hve bv|
chv cwigvY fwUjkbi eev ivLZ ne|
eqjvi gyiwM cwZ h_ cwigvY gSZ vb _vKZ ne|
gyiwM aiv, U fiv cwienY Kiv, U _K ei Kiv , Ren Kiv BZvw` mgq
AwZhZ I mZK eev wbZ ne|
gyiwM aivi cye DwRZ Kiv hve bv | DwRZ nj Lvevi cv, cvwbi cv, Ìqvj
BZvwì mv_ AvNvZcv nq Ges `ni Pvgov Qyo hvq, `n _Z&j hvq, dj gvsm
weeb nq|
eqjvi cwienYi Rb UvK AKvi bv nIqv ch Nii KvQ bIqv DwPZ bq| w`bi
Avjvq UvKi k gyiwM DwRZ nq|
eqjvi gyiwM aivi Kkj m^ cwiPhvKvixì mwVK cwkYi eev wbZ nq|
gyiwM aivi mgq AKvii c~eB Nii mg mivg mwiq djZ nq|
gyiwM aivi mgq Ni wWgjvBU A_ev jvj A cvIqvii jvBU eenvi KiZ nq | w`bi
ejv gyiwM aivi cqvRb nj Ni AKvi Ki wbZ nq|
gyiwM aivi ci GK mv_ ekx enb Kiv DwPZ bq| GKmv_ ekx gyiwM ai enbi mgq
`n _Zj hvq I gvsm weeY nq|
AZ mZKZvi mv_ U ev Kzci wfZi gyiwM XvKvZ nq|
UvKi Dci mZKZvi mv_ gyiwMi U ev Kzc mvRvZ ne| KLbI Rvi U ivLv
A_ev U dj Ìqv hve bv|
gyiwMi Pvgov Qyo hvIqv, `n _Zjvbv Ges gvsm weeb nIqvi KviYjv AZ hZi
mv_ AejvKb KiZ nq Ges mB gZ eev wbZ nq|
gwWDj 7
AvjvK eevcbv
7.1| Avjvi iZ t
* evPv Avjvi mvnh cvwb cvb I Lv` wPb LZ cvi|
* cyjUi hb cwic~bZv wbqY Ki|
* wWg Drcv`b nigvb wbîY NUvq|
* Lv` icvi fywgKv ivL|
cyjUi hb cwic~YZvq AvjvK mgq wbqYt

* cyjUi Rb AjvK mgq ekx nj hb cwicZv ZvovZvwo nq| A_vr wbw` eqmi
c~e wWg w`Z i Ki|
(K) cyjUi IRb ekx nq|
(L) wWgi AvKvi QvU nq|
(M) wWg Drcv`b nvi nvm cvq|
(N) wWg Drcv`b mgqKvj Kg hvq|
(O) mevP wWg Drc`b mKqKvji cwieZb nq|
(P) wWgi _wj cjvcmi mvebv ew cvq|
(Q) ciii ga KvbvewjRg mw nq|
* ewWs nZ i Ki gv^q cyjUi Rb AvjvK mgq KgvZ nq|
* DbZRvZi cyjU Drcv`bi Rb evo eqm 8 NUv AvjvK mgq cqvRb | GB mgq
ay
gv cwiek wbqwZ Ni c`vb me |
* Dby Ni iv AKvi Ges w`bi Avjv eenvi Kiv nq|
* Dby Ni cyjUi Rb mewbg AvjvK mgq c`vb KiZ nj gmygx evPv cvjb Kiv
hvq|
7.2 wWg Drc`b AvjvK mgq wbqYt
* Avjvi ZxeZv ,AvjvK `N, Ges cZn AvjvK mgqi cwieZb gyiMxi wWg Drcv`b
cfvweZ Ki|
* AvjvKiwk gyiMxi PvLi gwYZ cwZdwjZ nj gwKi wcUzBUvix MwZ RweK AbyfywZ
mw nq| dj dwjKzjvi wgyjwUs nigvb wbtmZ nq|
* dwjKzjvi wgyjwUs nigvb wW^vkqi wW^ Kvl cwic nZ mvnvh Ki|
wW^ Kvl cwic nj wcUzBUvix Mw nZ jywUbvBwRs nigvb wbtmZ nq wW^vYyi jb
NUvq|
* gwKi wcUzBUvix MwZ GB mse`bkxj cwqv msNUbi Rb Kgc 12 NUv AvjvK
mgq cqvRb|
* AvjvK mgq 12 NUvi D evovbv nj cybivq Kgvbvi ci wWg Drcv`b weic
cwZwqv mw nq| G KviY AvjvK mgq ew Kiv nj KvbgB Kgvbv hve bv |
* gmygi wewfb mgq AvjvK mgqi cwieZb nq| hgb 23 k Ryb w`bi `N 14
NUvi D Ges 23 wWmî 10 NUvi wbP|
gmygi `xN AvjvK mgq ai jqvi gyiwMi Rb AvjvK mgq wbaviY Kiv nq|
* jqvi gyiwMi Rb 15-16 NUv AvjvK c`vbi Rb w`bi AvjvK `Ni mv_ Kwg
Avjv msqvRb KiZ nq|
* w`bi Ajv hw` 12 NUv nq Zvi mv_ mvi ci A_ev fvii c~e 4 NUv Kwg AvjvK
mgq hvM KiZ nq| 4 NUv AvjvK mgq mv I fvii cye fvM KiI Ìqv hvq|
Avjvi ZxeZv
evPv, cyjU I jqvi gyiwM Ges eqjvii Rb Avjvi ZxeZv AZ iZcY~ |
gyiwMi eqm I DchvwMZv Abymvi AvjvK iwki ZxeZv wfbZi nq| Avjvi ZxeZv ekx
nj -
(K) KvbewjRg ew cvq|(L) Lv` icvi nvi nvm cvq |
(M) gyiwMi PvL hYv nq|
(N) we`yr LiP ekx nq|
* Avjvi ZxeZv Ggb chvq _vKv DwPZ hb gyiwMi cvwb cvb I Lv` wPb LZ Amyweav bv
nq Ges Zviv ^Zt~Zfve Aevb KiZ cvi|
Avjvi ZxeZvi cwigvb t

_v^ ij Abymvi 1 IqvU BbKvbwWmU evj _K 12.56 jgb Avjv weQywiZ nq Ges 1
IqvU dvimU evj _K BbKvbwWmU evji Zzjbvq 3 b ekx Avjv weQywiZ nq| 1
IqvU dvimU evj (12.56 x 3 ) =37.68 =37.68 jygb|
Ni evj eenvii DPZv I `~iZ t

BbKvbwWmU ej t wjUvi Ni 7-8 dzU (2.10 wgUvi 2.4 wgUvi ) DuPzZ evj vcb Kiv
nq|
dvivmU evj t Nii AvqZb wnmve Ki BbKvbwWmU evji Zzjbvq GK ZZxqvsk
IqvUi evj eenvi Kij mgcwigvY Avjvi jygb cvIqv hvq|
LvuvPvi wfZi gyiwMi `n 0.5 -1.5 dzU Kvj (5.38 -16.57jv) Avjvi jygb
cwZdjbi Rb Nii gS _K evji DPZvt
eeZ Nii gS _K evji DPZv (LuvPvhy Ni)

evji kw 0.5-1.0 dzU Kvj jygb 1.0- 1.5 dzU Kvj jygb
widi mn widi ev` widi mn widi ev`
IqvU dzU wgUvi dzU wgUvi dzU wgUvi dzU wgUvi
25 6.5 2.0 4.5 1.4 4.5 1.4 3.0 0.9
40 9.0 2.7 6.5 2.0 6.5 2.0 4.5 1.4
60 14.0 4.3 10.0 3.1 10.0 3.1 7.0 2.1
75 15.5 4.7 10.5 3.2 10.5 3.2 7.5 2.3
100 19.0 5.8 13.5 4.1 13.5 4.1 9.5 2.9
7.3 jqvi gyiwMi Ni AvjvK KgmP~ x t
(K) 0 6 mvn eqm ch t
eqm w`b /mvn `wbK AvjvK mgq cwZ et dzU vb IqvUi cwigvb I
jygb
cwiek wbqwZ Dby Ni IqvU dzU Kvvj
Ni
1-3 w`b 24 NUv 24 NUv 0.56 3.45
4-6 w`b 23 NUv 23 NUv 050 3.07
7-8 w`b 23 NUv 23 NUv 0.37 2.30
2 mvn 23 NUv 23 NUv 0.25 1.54
2-3 mvn 22 NUv 22 NUv 0.25 1.54
3-4 mvn 18 NUv 18 NUv 0.19 1.15
4-5mvn 16 NUv 16 NUv 0.19 1.15
5-6 mvn 14 NUv 14 NUv 0.19 1.15
(L) cyjU I jqvi gyiwMi Nii AvjvK mgqm~Px t

jygb
cwiek Dby Ni IqvU dzU Kvvj
wbqwZ Ni
6-7 mvn 12.00 NUv iv AKvi 0.19 1.16
7-8 mvn 10.00 NUv H 0.19 1.16
8-10 mvn 9.00 NUv H 0.095 0.58
10-11mvn 8.00NUv H 0.095 0.58
11-12 mvn 8.00NUv H 0.095 0.58
12-13 mvn 8.00NUv H 0.095 0.58
13-14 mvn 8.00NUv 0.095 0.58
14-15mvn 8.00NUv H 0.095 0.58
15-16 mvn 8.00 NUv H 0.095 0.58
16-17 mvn 8.00 NUv H 0.095 0.58
17-18 mvn 9.00 NUv H 0.19 1.15
18-20 mvn 11.00 NUv 11.00 NUv 0.19 1.15
20-21 mvn 12.00 NUv 12.00 NUv 0.25 1.54
21-22 mvn 12.30 NUv 12.30 NUv 0.25 1.54
22-23 mvn 13.00 NUv 13.00 NUv 0.25 1.54
23-24 mvn 13.30 NUv 13.30 NUv 0.25 1.54
24-25 mvn 14.00 NUv 14.00 NUv 0.25 1.54
25-26 mvn 14.30 NUv 14.30 NUv 0.25 1.54
26-27I D 15.00 NUv 16.00 NUv 0.25 1.54
eqjvigyiwMi Nii AvjvK mgqm~Px t
jygb
cwiek Dby Ni IqvU dzU Kvvj
wbqwZ Ni
1-3 w`b 24 NUv 24 NUv 2.56 3.45
4-7 w`b 23 NUv 23 NUv 2.50 3.07
8-14 w`b 20 NUv 20 NUv 0.057 0.35
15-21w`b 18 NUv 18 NUv 0.057 0.035
22-28 w`b 18 NUv ivZ 8 NUv AKvi 0.057 0.035
29 -35 w`b 18 NUv ivZ 8 NUv AKvi 0.057 0.035
36-42 w`b 18 NUv ivZ 8 NUv AKvi 0.057 0.035
gwWDj -8
nvum-gyiwMi ivMmg~n I Zvi cwZKvi
evsjv`k cwZ ermi wewfb ivM e gviM gyiwM gviv hvq| G mKj ivMi ga cavb nQ
ivbxZ, gyiwMi em , gyiwMi Kjiv, Mvgeviv ,BbdKmvm esKvBwUm, i Avgvkq ev
KKwmwWIwmm BZvw` cavb|
ivbxZ t ivbxZ ivMi Rxevby GKcKvi fvBivm| mvavibZt mKj eqmi I mKj RvZi
gviM-gyiwMB ivbxZ ivM viv Avv nq| gviM gyiMx QvovI KeyZi, `vqj, Kvqj, KvK,
cuPv, NyN,y PoB, kvwjK, gq~i, KvKvZzqv, wUqv, gqbv BZvw` wewfb cKvi cvwL GB ivM Rxevby viv
Avv nZ cvi| nuvm (cvwZ nvuvm) ev ivR nuvmi mPivPi GB ivM `Lv hvq bv|
ivbxZ ivMi jbjvi gvS Pzbv ev meyR is Gi iv wKsev Zij cvqLvbvB cavb |
ivMvv cvLxi kvm-ckvm `ZZi nq, evPv gviM-gyiwM nv Ki kvm bq gvS gvS Avv
gviM gyiwM Nvo evuKv nq hvq ZvQvov AvK&v cvLxi cvLv Qo w`q wSgvZ _vK , Lu~woq Lyuwoq
Pj LvIqv`vIqv I wWg cvov e& Ki `q| AwaKvsk B ivMvv nevi GK mvni gvSB
gZz NU _vK| Avevi Kvb Kvb mgq ivMi jb cKvk cvIqvi AvMB nVvr gZy NU|
gyiwMi em t gyiMwi em ivMi Rxevby GKcKvi fvBivm| AbK mgq ivMi jY I ewki
Dci wfw Ki gyiwMi em ivMK KUvwRqvm Bwc_wjIgv I Gwfqvb wWc_wiqv ejv nq|
mvavibZ t gviM-gyiwM , KeyZi GB ivMRxevby viv Avv nq| G QvovI PoB, gq~i , wUqv I
Abvb cvlv cvLx gvS gvS GB ivM Avv nZ `Lv hvq| h Kvb eqmi gviM gyiwMB em
ivM viv Avv nZ cvi|
em ivM gviM-gyiwMi GKgv cvjK wenxbvb jb cKvk cvq| weklZt GB ivMi gv_vq
wewfb RvqMvq hgb SzwU, jwZ, gyLi Kvbvq, PvLi cvZvq Ges gvS gvS cvq QvU QvU
AvuwPji gZ wU `Lv hvq | wU nIqvi AvM c_g jvj nq Ges im Rgv nq| ci KvjKvj wU
Zix nq| gv_vi wewfb RvqMvq GB aiYi wUB gyiMxi em ivM wbYqi Rb h_| GB ivM
gviM-gyiwM LvIqv _K weiZ nq hvq| wWg cvov Kg hvq| GB ivM eq gviM-gyiwMi gZzi
nvi Kg| evPv gviM-gyiwMi gZzi nvi mvaviYZ wKQyUv ekx `Lv hvh| 3-4 mvn AmyL fvMvi
ci Avcbv _KB eo gviM-gyiwM fvj nq DV|
gyiwMi Kjiv t GK cKvi evKUwiqvi viv gyiwMi Kjiv nq _vK GB evKUwiqv gyiwMi `n
cek Ki ii mv_ wgk GK cKvi welwqvi mw nq Ges i PjvPji mv_ wgk mviv kixi
Qwoq co| mKj eqmi gviM-gyiwMi G ivM Avv nq _vK|
Avv gyiwMi gj viv gyiwMi Lv` I cvwb `~wlZ nq Ges ivM Qwoq co| eb cvLx, KzKzi ,
weovj, BZvw` cvvYxi vivI G ivM GK RvqMv _K Ab hvqMvq wevi jvf Ki| evRvi _K
ivMvv gviM-gyiwM wKb AvbjI G ivM nq _vK|
G ivM Avv nIqvi ci gviM-gyiwM LZ Pvqbv, cvjKjv LmLm nq hvq, Pnvivq Aemb
bg Avm I ik~b gb nq | gviM-gyiwMi wccvmvI eo hvq| cvqLvbvi is meyR Ges mv`v I
dbvhy gb nq| Pjvdiv Kivi gZv nvwiq dj| GK RvqMvq `vwoq wSgvZ _vK Ges A
mgqi ga gviv hvq|
i Avgvmq ev KKwmwWIwmm t G ivM Bgwiqv bvgK GK cKvi ciRxwe viv nq _vK| gviM
gyiwMi Ai ga GB ivM wevi jvf Ki Ges nRg Kivi kw axi axi b Ki `q | GB
ivM gviM-gyiwMi gji mvnvh wevi jvf Ki| GB ivMi ciRxwe gyiwMi A cPzi wWg w`q
_vK| GK Pv PvgP gj cvq 70 j wWg _vKZ cvi| ivMvv gyiwMi gj wfRv gvwUZ coj G
ivMi wWg `xN mgq Rxe _vK I Kvb iKg Ab Kvb my gyiwMi cU Lvevii mv_ cek
KiZ cvij cybt ivM wevi i KiZ cvi|
G ivM Avv nj gviM-gyiwM wSgvZ _vK| PvL e Ki ivL I Mvqi cvjK Szj co|
cvqLvbvi mv_ i wgkvbv Avg coZ _vK | Lvevi LZ Pvqbv KviY Lv` nRg bv nIqvq
Lv`_wj c~b _vK|
BbdKmvm esKvBwUmt GB ivMi Rxevby GKcKvi fvBivm| GB ivM msvgK I gvivZK QvuqvQ
cKwZi | mvaviYZ t kvm hB GB ivM Avv nq |
GKUz eq gviM-gyiwMi GB iv&M `Lv `q| Ze mKj RvZi gviM gyiwMiB GB ivM AvKv
nq _vK| eQii me mgqB GB ivM nq _vK| GB ivMi Rxevby viv kvmh Avv nIqvi
dj bvbv aiYi jb `Lv hvq- hgb Nb Nb kvm ckvm , Kd nuvwP , bvK w`q i wgwkZ kv
co, nv Ki wbkvm bq Ges VvU w`q cvwb co| i wgwkZ Kd UvwKqv I jwismi c_ e Kivq
kvm ckvm K nq| mB Kvib gvS gvS Avv cvLxK cP Rvi gv_v SvKvbvi mv_ mv_
Mo Mo ev wdm wdm k KiZ `Lv hvq|
Mvgeviv ivMi UxKv t Mvgeviv ivMK BbdKm&m evmvj wWwRR I ejv nq| mvaviYZ 3-8 mvn
eqmi gviM -gyiwM G ivM Avv nq _vK| Avv gviM -gyiwMi KzPKvbv cvjK, AembZv,
gqjv hy cvqyvb, DP Zvcgvv, Kvucywb I cvwbi gZ Wvqwiqv G ivMi cavb jb | G ivMi
fvKwb GwUwbDqUW I jvBf AvKvi cvIqv hvq| cviU gyiwMi UxKv c`vb KiZ nq| eq
cviU gyiwMi wK fvKwb c`vb KiZ nq|
8.1 gviM-gyiwMi ivMmg~n ivMi Kvibmg~n ivM wevii gvag mgyn t
ivMi KviYmg~n t
* mylg Lvì Afve|
* mxgve vb wbavwiZ msLvi Pq AwZwi nvum-gyiwMi Aevb|
* A^vKi evmvb ev cwiek|
* ivM mwKvix AbyRxevY~, RxevYy, ciRxex QvK BZvwì Avwefve|
* ivMRxevY~ welq AmZKZv, AZv I AbwfZv|
*`ywlZ I fRv Lv` |
ivM wevi cwqv t
Amy nvum-gyiwMi gj,Kd, mw`, Z nZ ei nZ nIqv i I c~Ru BZvwì gvag m~`n ivM
wevi jvf Ki|
(K) cvwb t Kwgi wWg Amy nvum-gyiwMi kixi _K Qwoq cov cvjK, gqjv wewfb cKvi Rxevby
AbyRxevYy BZvw` viv `ywlZ cvwbi gvag ivM wevi jvf Ki|
(L) evZvmt `~wlZ evZvmi gvag AY~RxevY~ I kvmh ivM RxevY~ wevi jvf Ki |
(M) gvwU t AbK ivM AbyRxwe I Kwgi wWg fRv gvwUi ga AbKKvj ch mwq _vK|
cwiPhvKvix `~wlZ gvwU gvwoq Ni XyKj cvq cvq H RxevY~ gyiwMi Ni wevi jvf KiZ cvi|
( N) msk t ivMvv nvum-gyiwM ev gyiwM cvjKi msk _K msvgK ivMi RxevYy mswgZ
nq| nvPvwiZ Amy gyiwMi wWg _KI G mg ivM wevi jvf KiZ cvi|
(O) evnK t AbK mgq m~ nvum-gyiwM wbR Amy bv nq ivMi evnK wnmve KvR Ki| gvbyl ev
Ab Kvb cvbx, Lvgvii mivg I hcvwZ ivMi evnK wnmve KvR KiZ cvi| GRb Lvgvi
nvum-gyiwMi wPwKrmvi Pq ivM cwZiva eev Dg | gb ivLv DwPZ Amy nvum-gyiwM wPwKrmvi ci
c~ei gZ Drcv`bkxj _vK bv|
8.2 Lvgii Rxe-wbivcv t
wbg ewbZ welqjv weePbv Kij Lvgvi mwVKfve ivM Rxevby cwZiva I eevcbv Dbqb
mywYwZ Kiv hve|
* cwZcvjb cwZ I DchvwMZvbymvi gyiwMi Ni/kW wbwgZ nZ ne|
* eqm I DchvwMZv Abymvi wbavwiZ wbqg Lvì eev _vKZ ne|
* eqm ,DchvwMZv Ges msLvbycvZ Ni _vKvi vb w`Z ne|
* eqm DchvwMZv I nvum-gyiwMi msLvbycvZ Lvì cv, cvwbi cv , wWgcvovi vb w`Z
ne|
* Ni chv Avjv evZvm PjPji eev ivLZ ne|
* mvn wbavwiZ w`b nvum-gyiwMi eqm wj I DchvwMZv Abymvi bgybv IRb MnY KiZ
ne|
* eqm ,wj I DchvwMZv Abymvi IRb wbqb Kiv cqvRb|
* chv we cvwb mieivn wbwZ KiZ ne|
* Ni ev gyiwMi `n DKzbi Dcè e KiZ ne|
* wjUvi c_vq nvum-gyiwM cvjb Kij wjUvii cwiPhv KiZ ne|
* Lv` I cvwb Ìqvi mgq nvum-gyiwM AvPiY wKQyY j ivLZ ne|
* cwiPhvKvix ^vc` I cwivi wciQb Aevq Ni cek KiZ ne|
* gyiwMi aKj ev cxob mw nq Ggb eev ev cwiek KLbI Zwi Kiv hve bv|
* Lvgvi cii kWi ga wbw` `~iZ eRvq iL kW wbgvb KiZ ne|
* ermi AZt 1 evi Ges bZzb cvji nvum-gyiwM cwieZbi mgq mg Ni, Nii mivg
hcvwZ BZvw` cwiQb I RxevYygy Kiv AvekK|
* Ni fwUjkb eev chv ivLv AvekK|
* Lvgvii Awbvi ga cvlv ev eb cvwYcvLx Ges ewnivMZì cek wbqY iv KiZ
ne|
* wewfb RvZ, eqm I DchvwMZv Abymvi nvum-gyiwM m~b Avjv`v eevq cwZcvjb Kiv
DwPZ|
*gZ nvum-gyiwM h_vh_ eevq mrKvi eev Kiv ìKvi|
* wbqwgZ fve cwZlaK UxKv eenvi Kiv ìKvi|
* UxKv c`vbi wbqgvejx mwVKfve Abymib Kiv cqvRb|
* evPv Ges evo evPv Lvgvi Rb qi cwiwPZ , wek Ges ivMgy nvPvix ev Lvgvi
_K q Kiv cqvRb|
* Kvb cKwZ Rxevb~YvkK eenvi Kiv nq Ges eenvi cwZ Abyhvqx eenvi KiZ ne|
* nvPvix DcRvZmg~n Acmvib Kivi cwqv ^vmZ fve KiZ ne|
* nvum-gyiwMi cvqLvbv Ges wjUvi AcmviY Kivi cwqv ^vmZ fve KiZ ne|
* Lvgvii Kvhg I eevcbv AejvKb, cwi`kY, Abymib, cixv I g~jvqb Kivi cwZ
jv h_vh_ fve cvjb KiZ ne|
* Lvì cywgvb h_vh_ _vKZ ne|
* Lvì Drm I cZ cwZ ^vmZ nIqv cqvRb|
* cvwbi Drm ^vmZ nIqv cqvRb|
8.3 UxKv exR eenvii mZKZv , UxKv c`vb Kgm~Px, UxKv c`vbi gag
AvZ Kgmsvb t
* UxKv eenvii ci AwZwi UxKv cywoq djZ ne A_ev RxevbybvkK viv b Ki
djZ ne|
* Kejgv my I mej evPv /gyiwMK UxKv w`Z ne|
* UxKv c`vbi Rb cqvRbxq wRwbmc hgb- wmwi, myuP , weKvi BZvw` cvwbZ dzwUq
Rxevbygy KiZ nq| Kvb gB Rxevbygy Kivi Rb RxevbybvkK eenvi Kiv hve bv|
* jvBf fvBivm fvKwmb PvL Wc Ìqvi mgq bxP KvMR wewQq bIqv fvjv|
AmveavbZvemZ UxKv exRi dvuUv KvMR coZ cvi | cieZxZ KvMR cywoq djZ
nq|
* evPv msMni mgq cviU gyiwMi wK wK UxKv c`vb KiZ nq Zv RvbZ ne|
UxKv c`vb Kgm~Px t
eqm ivMi bvg fvKwbi bvg UxKv c`vib cwZ
1 w`b gvi ivM gvi fvKwmb Pvgovi bxP BbRKkY
PvL duvUv (cviU gyiwMi
2 w`b Mvgeviv ivM Mvgeviv fvKwmb(jvBf)
UxKv c`vb Kiv bv _vKj )
`yB PvL duvUv (cviU
3-5 w`b ivbxZ ivM we.wm.Avi wW.wf. gyiwMi UxKv c`vb Kiv
_vKj 7-10 w`b eqm )
BbdKmvm
7 w`b AvB. we. PvL duvUv
esKvBwUm
10-14 w`b Mvgeviv ivM Mvgeviv fvKwmb GK PvL duvUv
21-24 w`b ivbxZ ivM we.wm.Avi wW.wf. `yB PvL duvUv
24-28 w`b Mvgeviv ivM Mvgeviv fvKwmb GK PvL duvUv
35 w`b gyiwMi em dvDj c fvKwmb Pvgovi bxP myP duywUq
Pvgovi bxP /gvsm
60 w`b ivbxZ ivM we.wm.Avi wW.wf.
BbRKkb
Pvgovi bxP /gvsm
80-85 w`b Kjiv dvDjKjiv fvKwmb
BbRKkb
Pvgovi bxP /gvsm
110-115w`b Kjiv dvDjKjiv fvKwmb
BbRKkb
BbdKmvm Pvgovi bxP /gvsm
130 -135 w`b mgw^Z UxKv
esKvBwUm BbRKkb
130-135w`b Kwg KwgJla Lv` /cvwbi mv_|
*Lvì mv_ 6 mvn eqm ch Cocidiostat eenvi KiZ nq|

eqjvi gyiMxi Rb gvi , Mvgeviv I ivbxZ ivMi fvKwmb eenvi KiZ nq| GjvKvq
Abvb ivMi cv`yfve bv _vKj fvKwmb eenvii cqvRb nq bv | G welq vbxq cvwYm`
Awdm hvMvhvM Kiv evbxq |
8.4 UxKv c`vb Kgm~Px djcmy bv nIqvi Kvib mg~nt
* UxKvexR mwVKfve msiwZ bv _vKj
*eenvii mgq gqv` Dxb nj|
* cZKviK cwZvbi wb`kvejx mwVKfve cvjb bv Kiv nj|
* mvZ w`b ev Zvi Kg mgqi ga Ab Kvb ivMi UxKv c`vb Kij |
* `ycyi ejv cP Migi ga UxKv c`b Kiv nj|
* UxKv exR mivmwi m~hwKib _vKj|
* UxKv exR ZijKZ Kivi ci wbavwiZ mgqi ci eenvi Kij|
* eeZ cvwb cwi bv nj|
* fvKwmb jvbvi Rb wbw` WvBjyqU eenvi bv Kij|
* UxKv exR kixii ga cwigvYgZ cek bv Kij |
* wbw` Bb Gi UxKvexR eenvi bv Kij|
* UxKv c`vbKvix cwiQb I Rxevbygy bv _vKj|
* UxKv c`vbi mgq UxKv c`vbi mivg Rxevbygy I cwi bv _vKj|
* Mvgeviv ivM A_ev gvBKv cvRvgv ivM Avv nj |
8.5 wjUvi I gZ gyiwM Acmvib cwqv, KvwRU I KvcwZ, evqvMvm cvU
cwZt
* Lvgvii wfZi c_K vb _vKj eo cyKzii gZ MZ KiZ nq|
* m` gj LvuPv I gvuPvi bxP cvwb c Ki ayq cyKzi gZ MZ dj w`Z nq|
* GB c_vq gqjv cvwb I gyiwMi gj cK cyKzii ga Rgv nq|
* KvRW Ki Re mvi RwgZ eenvi Kiv hvq|
* gvwUi 5/6 dzU Mfxi Gb GivweK Aevq dvigbUkb Ki Mevw` cvwYi Lv`
wnme eenvi Kiv hvq|
* gyiwMi wev viv evqvMvm Zix Ki Rvjvbx wnmve eenvi Kiv hvq|
* wjUvi mivmwi Re mvi wnme eenvi Kiv hvq|
* wKq mvi I Lv` wnmve msib Kiv hvq|
* wjUvi gvQi Lv` wnmve eenvi Kiv hvq|
* wjUvi gZ gyiwMi mv_ KvRW Ki mvi wnmve eenvi Kiv hvq|
Kvws cwZZ gyiwMi wev Acmvib cwqv
Kvws GKwU wbqwZ RecPb cwqv ,hv Re c`v_K wwZkxj è icvi Ki| h mKj
AbyRxe cPbkxj c`v_K Zvì Lv` wnme eenvi Ke, m mKj AbyRxei Dci G cwqv
wbfkxj| Kvws cwqv M I Abvb weiwKi mgmv m^wjZ c`v_K wwZkxj M I ivM
Rxevby, gvwQ I Abvb KxU cZi cRbbi AbychvMx c`v_ icvixZ Ki|
h mKj gwjK cwieZbkxj Dcv`vb cPb wqv KvhKvixZv cfvevw^Z Ki m jv nQ t
evZvm cek Kivbvi gvag AwRb mieivn |
Re c`v_ h bvBUvRbi Ask _vK mvaviYZ t GK wmtGb (Kveb/bvBUvRb)
AbycvZ wnmve cKvk Kiv nq|
mevcv AbyK~j Av`Zv 40%-60%|
Zvcgvv t Kvws wbw` mxgvi ga cwieZbkxj Zvcgvv wewfb avc Awg Ki:
_vgvwdwjK avc (45 wWMx -60 wWMx mt ) GKwU iZcY~ avc| Kbbv GB Zvcgvvq
ivM Rxevby Ges Nvmi exR asm nq|
GwmwWwU ev AZ t mevcv Ab~K~j gvb 5.5-8.0 |
Kv t
Kv njv cPuv Re DcKiYi Ggb GKwU wgkY hv D Av` cwiek AbyRxe KZK wewk nq
Dwì mivmwi Mnb DchvMx cyw DcKiY mieivn Ki|
ev cwZZ Kvws
wbg wjwLZ cwZZ Kv ev wbgvb Kiv hvq t
PKvbvKwZ wQ`hy BUi `qvj w`q ev Zix Kiv nq|
`qvji Mvh 4eM Bw gvci AmsL wQ` _vK|
evi Zjvq weklfve wbwgZ 1/2& Bw cyi wQ` wewk wc.wf.wm. mxU ev jvnvi iW ev Ab
wKQy w`q Zix Rvwj gS _K 6 Bw Dci emvbv nq | dj Kv wgkY evZvm
cek QvovI AwZwi cvwb Si co|
Pvi Bw evmi mvo PvidzU j^v AbKjv cvwK cvBci cqvRb nq|
G mKj cvBci Mvq 1 Bw evvmi AbKMyjv wQ` _vK|
GB cvBcjv cwZ ò dzU ci ci evi Zjv _K Lvovfve emvbv nq|
Kv wgkY w`q evwU fivi ci evi Pviw`K w`q Kv wgkYi ga evZvm cek
QvovI cvBci fZi w`q evZvm Av`vb c`vbi gvag Kvws Kvhg mvw`Z
nq|
GB cwZZ evi ga KUvws cwqv 40 w`b mb nq|
cwicZv ev gvwPDwis Gi Rb AviI 14 w`b mgqi cqvRb nq|
Kv ev AekB QvDbxi bxP vcb KiZ ne|
wP-17 Kvws ev Zwi KiY wP 18 Kvws DcKiY wgwkZ KiY
wP 19 Kvws ev DcKiY `qv wP 20 Kvw ev Zvcgvv I Av`Zv

iv_ cvwb `qv|
wP 21 Kvws cwic nIqvi ci DcKiYmg~n ei Ki bIqv|
wP 22 cwicZvi ci Pvjyb Pvjv Ges ev RvZ Kiv wP 23 Kvws mvi kvKmw LZ eenvi
Kiv|
gwWDj -9
nvum-gyiwMi Lv` I cyw eevcbvt
9.1 Lvì Dc`vb mg~n I cKvi f`t

nuvm-gyiwMi Lvgvi vcbi gyL Dk Avw_K fve jvfevb nIqv I g~jevb Avwgl Lvì Drcv`b
ew& Kiv | G Dk ARbi Rb Lvgvi eevcbvi cavbZg Ask Lv` I cyw mieivn Kiv |
* Lvgvi cwiPvjbvi Rb gvU LiPi wmsnfvM ay Lvì Rb LiP nq|
* GB LiPi kZKiv 70 fvMi AwZwi nj Lvgvi jvKmvibi nvi ew cvq|
* Lvgvi eevcbvi cwiKbv Kvj Lv` LiP kZKiv 60 ng 70 fvMi ga mxwgZ ivLvi eev
KiZ ne|
G Kvib Lv` I Lv` eevcbv m^ cQb aviYv ARb Lvgvi eevcbvi AZ iZc~b|
* Lv` Ggb GK e hvi Afve nvum-gyiwM mn Kvb cvbx evuPZ cvi bv|
* Lv` e cvbxi `ni PvwjKv kw
* Lvì wewfb cyw Dc`vbi mvnvh cvYx`n I `ni mg A-cZ MwVZ nq|
* cwZw`bi Lv` `nK mej ivL Zgwb `nKvl MVb I bevqb Ki|
* Lv` nvum-gyiwMi cvjK MVb Ki I bevqb Ki|
* Lv` gvsm I wWg MwVZ nq|
* Lv` gvsm I wWgi Drcv`b ew Ki|
* Lvì cyw Dccv`vb wewfb cKvi ivMi AvgY _K nvum-gyiwMK ivKi|
* Lv` `ni wfZi wewfb Mw nZ wbtmZ im Drcv`b Ki|
Lvì Dc`vb mg~n
h mg Lv` DcKiYi ga h cyw Dcv`vb AwaK cwigvb _vK ZvK m RvZxq Lv` ej|
hgb. (K) kKiv RvZxq Lv` ( fyv, Mg, KvIb, PvDji Kuzov, Mgi fywl BZvw`)|
(L) Avwgl RvZxq Lv` ( mqvweb wgj, wZjLj, UwKgvQ, wgUwgj BZvw`|
(M) Pwe RvZxq Lv` (Gwbgj dvU , nvum-gyiMwi Zj, fwRUej Aqj mvKwjfvi Iqj BZvw`|
(N) wfUwgb RvZxq Lv` ( kvKmw I Kwg wfUvwgb)
(O) LwbR RvZxq Lv` (wSbyK , Kvjwkqvg dmdU ,iKm , jeb BZvw`)|
(P) cvwb|
9.2 kKiv RvZxq L`v, Avwgl RvZxq Lv` , PweRvZxq Lv`
`ni wfZi Lv` cwicvK Kvj kKiv Dcv`vb kZmvi I MyKvR wekwlZ nq Ges `ni Zvc
Drcv`bi Rb wecvKxq Kvhgi mgq kw mieivn Ki|
* AwZwi kZmvi nvum-gyiwMi ZjcU, KwjRv I gvsmckxi wUmyi wfZi Pwe AvKvi Rgv nq Ges
cqAvRb wecvKxq Kvhgi Rb kw mieivn Ki|
* kKiv RvZxq Lv` Kveb nvDWvRb BZvw` gwjK Dcv`vb viv MwVZ Re hwMK c`v_|
* kKiv RvZwq Lv` 2 cKvi
`vbv`vi tmKj cKvi `vbv`vi Lv`km hgb, fyv Mg , he,KvIb, miMg, PvDj BZvw`|
Avuk t mKj cKvi `vbv`vi Lvì DcRvZ hgb PvDji Kyuov, Mgi f~wl, ZvwcIKv, fyvi MyUb,
Kvmvfv BZvww`|
* nvum-gyiwMi Lvì ekxi fvM kKiv cyw Dcv`vb hgb `vbv`vi kZKiv 40 nZ 60 fvM Ges
DcRvZ Ask kZKiv 10 nZ 30 fvM eenvi Kiv nq|
L) Avwgl RvZxq Lv` t

* nvm-gyiwMi `n Kvl Avwgl cyw Dcv`vb viv MwVZ|
* `ni q cv Kvl MVb I bevqbi Rb Avwgl cqvRb nq|
* `ni cvjK Avwgl Dcv`vb viv MwVZ|
* `ni wewfb Mw nZ DrmvwiZ imi ga GB Dcv`vb _vK|
*i Avwgl Dcv`vb viv MwVZ|
* wWg Avwgl Dcv`vb viv MwVZ|
* `bw`b Lvì mv_ MnbKZ Avwgl nvum-gyiwMi `ni qcyib,cyw mvab I kvixwiK ew NUvh|
Dcv`vb I GgvBbv GwmWt

Avwgl Lv` LvIqvi ci nvum-gyiwMi cvKwjZ wekwlZ nq I 22 cKvi GgvBbv GwmW MVb Ki|
*h Avwgl Lv` 22 cKvi GgvBbv GwmW _vK bv ZvK nvum-gyiwMi Rb Am~b Avwgl Lv` ej
|
* Lv` GgvBbv GwmWi NvUwZ A_vr Avwgli NvUwZ|
* wKQy wKQy GgvBbv GwmW AvQ hv cvKwjZ Kg wekwlZ nq, GB RvZxq GgvBbvGwmWK
cqvRxq GgvBbv GwmW ej|
cvuPwU GgvBbv GwmWi DcwwZ wbwZ nIqvi Rb Lvì mv_ Kwg GgvBbv GwmW mshvRb
KiZ nq| GB mg& GgvBbv GwmWK msKURbK cqvRbxq GgvBbv GwmW ej|
mg cKvi msKU RbK GgvBbv GwmW cqvRbxq GgvBbv GwmW wK me cqvRbxq GgvBbv GwmW
msKU RbK bq|
cvbxR I Dw` RvZxq Lv`|
* h mg Avwgli Drm cvbx ZvK cvbxR Avwgl ej
* h mg Avwgli Drm Dw` ZvK Dw` RvZxq Avwgl ej|
* mvaviYZ cvYxR Avwgl I Dw` RvZxq Avwgl GK GgvBbv GwmWi m~bZv c~ib Ki|
* cvbxR Avwgl hgb UwK gvQ , UwK gvsm wgU I evbwgj, wd`vi wgj, evWwgj, wjfvi wgj,
cvwUb KbmbUW BZvw`|
* cvYxR Avwgli Afve nvum-gyiwMi Lv` Dw` RvZxq Avwgli mv_ wewfb cKvi GgvBbv GwmW
wgwkZ Ki m~b Avwgl Zix Kiv hvq | Dw` RvZxq Avwgl hgb mvqvweb wgj, wZjLj , Zj
exRi Lj, Zyjv exRi Lj, meyR kvKmw , WvKDBW, GvRvjv BZvw`|
Lv` Avwgli nvi wbaviY cwZt

eywWs _K i Ki wWg cvovi cye ch Kg ekx `wbK Mo Avwgl Mnbi cwigvb wwZkxj ivLvi
Rb hLb Kg Lv` Lvq ZLb Lv` Avwgli nvi ekx _vK Ges eqm ewi mv_ mv_ Lv` LvIqvi
cwigvb ewi KviY Lv` Avwgl eenvii nvi Kgvbv nq|
* wWg cvoZ i Kivi c~e eqm I RvZ Abymvi cyjUi wbavwiZ IRb _vKv cqvRb | evowZ
eqm cwZmvn GK fvM Avwgl Kgvbv nj ermi kZKiv GKwU wWg ekx nq| GK w`b Ki
hb cwicZvi DbwZ nq|
* cwZ mvn kZKiv 1 fvM nvi Avwgl eenvii cwigvY KgvZ nq , hZb bv mvewbg cwigvb
kZKiv 15 fvM nq|
9.3 wfUwgb I LwbR jeb Ges cvwb|

wfUvwgbi Erm t
wewfb Lv` DcKiY|
meyR kvKmw I iwOb djg~j|
cvKwjZ y` RxevYyi Kvhg wKQy wfUvwgb Drcb nq|
Lvì wKQy cv wfUvwgb nvum-gyiwMi `n LvuwU wfUvwgb icvi nq|
wfUvwgb mywbw` ivmvqwbK hwMK c`v_ weavq Kwg Dcvq Zix Kiv hvq|
wfUvwgbi kbx wefvM t
`veZvi wfwZ wfUvwgb - 2 kbxZ fvM Kiv nq|
K) cvwbZ èbxq wfUvwgb hgb t- we Mvw I wm
L) PweZ èbxq wfUvwgb hgb t- G,wW, B,I K (gyiwMi wfUvwgb wW-3 cqvRb nq)|
LwbR RvZxq Lv`

Nvum-gyiwMi Rb LwbR c`v_i fywgKv Acwimxg | wewfb LwbR c`v_ wewfb gvvq Lvì
mv_ eenvi Kiv nq| AbK cKvi LwbR c`v_ Lvì wewfb DcKiYi ga DcwZ _vK
hv ^Z fve Lvì mv_ eenvii cqvRb nq bv|
cqvRbi wfwZ LwbR c`v_K 2 `j fvM Kiv nq |
(1) AwaK cwigvY cqvRbxq LwbR c`v_| hgb t Kvjwmqvg, dmdivm, mvjdvi,
cUvwmqvg,mvwWqvg, KvivBW,I gvMbwkqvg BZvw`|
(2) ^ cwigvY cqvRbxq LwbR c`v_| hgb t Avqib, Kcvi, AvqvwWb,Kvev, wRsK,
gvsMvwbR I mjwbqvg BZvw`|
cvwbt
* h Dcv`vb `ni Kvl MVb Ki ZvK Lv` ej | `ni Kvl MVb cvwb f~wgKv ekx
| `nKvl kZKiv 60- 70 fvM cvwb _vK|
* Kvb cvYx Re e A_ev ARe LwbR RvZxq Lv` bv Lq wKQyw`b euP _vKZ cvi wK
cvwb Qvov mvgvb wKQyw`bi ekx evuP bv|
* `n _K cvwbi q nq gjg~ I kvm ckvmi gvag |
* Aciw`K cvwb AvnwiZ nq cvwb cvb, imvjv Lv` MnY Ges `ni wfZi wewfb cyw
Dc`vbi AwwWkb cwqvi gvag|
nvum-gyiwMi `n cvwbi KvR

Lv`Zi ga Lv` e big I cwicvK mnvh Ki|
Lv`Zi ga cyw Dcv`vb Zij Ki `ni cZ Aj cwienY Ki|
`ni Zvc wbqY Ki|
`n mZR ivL|
`ni wfwZ `ywlZ c`v_ Acmvib Ki|
`ni Mw nZ wbtmZ im, nigvb,GbRvBg Ges i MVb f~wgKv ivL|
`ni ewki fvM Ask cvwb viv MwVZ|
wWgi ewki fvM Ask cvwb viv MwVZ|
`ni wfZi wecvKxq Kvhg cvwbi cqvRbxZv

Lvè `ni wfZi `vn nq Zvc Drcv`b Ki | GB Zvc `ni PvwjKv kw |
`ni wfZi Lvè `vn nIqvi cwqvK wecvKxq Kvhg ev gUvewjK GKwUwfwU
ej|
Kvb LvèK hi ga cvovbv nj Zvc Drcv`bi Rb h kw eeZ nq ZvK
H Lvèi gvU kw ev Mm AvbvwR ej|
me Lvè cvovbv nj mgcwigvb Zvc Drcv`b nq bv Ges mKj Lv` eZ
mgcwigvb kw _vK bv|
Lvì me kw `ni wfZi wecvKxq KvR eeZ nq bv | eeZ kwi AwZwi
nuvm-gyiwMi cvqLvbv cmvei m ewiq hvq|
cvqLvbv cmve cv kw Lvì gvU kw nZ ev` w`j `ni wfZi wecKxq Kvhg
eeZ kwi cwigvb Rvbv hvh|
Lvì wecvKxq kw nvum-gyiwMi Rxeb avib wbevnx Kvh cwiPvjbv I wWg Drcv`b
eeZ nq|
9.4 wewfb eqm I RvZ Abymvi Avwgl I wfUvwgb wgbvij wcwg|
cyw Dcv`vbi
BDwbU evPv cyjU jqvi eqjvi
bvg kZKiv 0-6 7-12 13-16 17-20 21- 40 41-60 61mvn 22w`bi
0-21 w`b
nvi mvn mvn mvn mvn mvn mvn i D D
100
1| Avwgl 19-20 17-18 16-17 15-16 18-19 16-17 15-16 23-24 18-19
KwR
2| wfUvwgb 100
3.00 3.00 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 3.50 3.0
wgbvij wcwg KwR
9.5 wewfb eqmi gyiwMi Lv` cZ cwZ

mylg Lv` t
gyiwMi RvZ, eqm I DchvwMZvbymvi cqvRbxq wewfb cyw Dcv`vbi mg^q Zix Lv`K
mylg Lv` ej|
m~b Lv`
mylg Lv`K m~Y Kivi Rb Lvì mv_ wewfb cKvi Jla, GbRvBg, GgvBbv GwmW
LwbR I ivmvqwbK è eenvi Ki Lvì YMZ gvb msib gZv ew ,my^v`y I Lv`
i~cvi nvi ewi eev Kiv nq|
(K) jqvi gyiMxi Lv`

* evPvi ikb t 1 w`b nZ 6 mvn eqmi evPvi Lv`
* Mvqvi ikb t 7 mvn nZ 20 mvn eqmi evPvi Lv`
* jqvi ikb t 21 mvni D |
DcKibi bvg
( kZKiv wnmve)
evPvi ikb Mvqvi ikb jqvi ikb
fyv fvsMv 52.75 54.75 47.75
PvDji Kuzov 16.00 20.00 16.00
wZji Lj 7.50 7.50 7.50
mqvwgb wgj 16.00 10.00 13.00
cvwUb /UKxgvQi ov 7.00 5.00 7.00
jeb 0.50 0.50 0.50
wSbyK P~b 0.20 0.80
wfUvwgb wgbvij wcwg 0.25 0.25 0.25
mylg Lv` (gvU) 100 KwR 100 KwR 100 KwR
eqjvi gyiwMi Lv` (vUvi )
wgK bs DcKib cwigvb(KwR) kw(Kvjvwi) KwR Avwgl %
1 fyv 51.90 1,733.46 4.77
2 PvDjiKzuov 11.00 323.00 1.40
3 mqvweb wgj 26.00 715.00 11.44
4 cvwUb KbmbUU 8.00 221.00 4.80
5 mqvweb Zj 2.00 179.00 -
6 wW.wm.wc. 0.50 - -
7 jeY 0.20 - -
8 wgw_Iwbb 0.15 - -
9 wfUvwgb wcwg 0.25 - -
gvU 100.00 3,171.46 22.41
eqjvi gyiwMi Lv` (wdwbmvi )

wgK bs DcKib cwigvb(KwR) kw(Kvjvwi) KwR Avwgl %
1 fyv 1,801.26 4.96
2 PvDjiKzuov 15.00 440.55 1.90
3 mqvweb wgj 20.00 550.00 8.80
4 cvwUb KbmbUU 8.00 221.00 4.80
5 mqvweb Zj 2.00 179.00 -
6 wW.wm.wc. 0.50 - -
7 jeY 0.20 - -
8 wgw_Iwbb 0.12 - -
9 wfUvwgb wcwg 0.25 - -
gvU 100.00 3,191.81 20.46
9.6 gyiwMi Lv` wecbb GKwU jvfRbK ckv t

gyiwM cvjbi 70 fvM LiPB Lv` LvqvZ eq nq| Kg LiP fvj Lv` cZ G
& KwU iZc~b
KvR | h Kn GB Lv` cZ KiZ cvi| wK bMZgvb mb Lv` Zix mevB KiZ
cvie bv| KviY G Rb mr , KgV I Dg gbi AwaKvix gvbyl nZ ne| gb cvY Lv`
eemvq Drmvnx gvbyl nZ ne| Lvì bMZ gvb mwVK _vKj Lvì Pvwn`v KLbI
Kge bv| eZgvb miKvix I emiKvix cKi gvag AbK cK GjvKvq mwgwZ MVb
Ki gyiwM cvjb Kiv nQ | gyiwM cvjb Kvixì g` _KB GKRbK Lv` DcKib q ,
cZ I mieivni `vwqZ `qv nqQ| `Lv MQ evRvii wewfb Kvgcvbxq Lv`
LvIqvbvi Pq mwgwZi gvag cZKZ Lv` LvIqvj AbK fvj Drcv`b cvIqv hvq|
Gfve Kvb GjvKvq mwgwZ MVb Qvovv I hw` Kn wYvi mwnZ KvRwU Ki Ze Lv`
weqi gvag RxweKvRb Kivmn weevb nIqv me|
gwWDj -10
Zzl cwZZ nvum-gyiwMi evPv Drcv`b

10.1 f~wgKv , evPv dzUvbvi wWgi Drm, wWg evQvB, wWg wbevPb t
c_g Pxb `k GB cwZi cPjb nq| eZgvb fviZ,wdwjcvBb, B`vbwkqv,gvjqwkqv mn AbK
`k GB cwZZ nvum-gyiwMi wWg _K evPv Drcv`b Kiv nQ| `yt I eKvi gwnjvì
Kgmsvbi Rb GB cwZi cPjb Kiv hvq, GKRb gwnjvK cwkY w`q ^vej^x Ki Mo
Zvjv hvq| Gfve GKRb gwnjv gvm 15 nvRvi _K20 nvRvi UvK ch jvf KiZ cvi|dzUvbv
wWg wbR Drcv`b Ki wKsev KUv Drcv`bKvixi KvQ _K wWg msMn Kiv hvBZ cvi| msMnKZ
wWg wj evQvBKi fvj bMZgvbi wWgMyjv dzUvbvi Rb wbevPb KiZ ne| wbevPbi Rb
gvSvwi AvKvii, gvSvwi Lvmvhy, cwivi cwiQb , fvsMv ev dvUv bq A eqmi wWg wbevPb KiZ
ne|
10.2 wWg dzUvbv cqvRbxq welqvejx (nvwPs Wvj ZixKib, nvwPs eW ZixKib
cyUwj evuab ,Wvj wWg emvbv BZvw` )t
Lye mnR Ges Kg LiP GB h Zwi Kiv hvq | GB hi 2 wU Ask _vK | wWg emvbvi Ask
Ges evPv dzUvbvi Ask| wWg emvbvi Ask GB AskK BsivwRZ mUvi ej| KvVi evZvi mv_
nvWevW A_ev evuki PvUvB viv 2 dzU x 2 dzU Ges 3 dzU Lvov Pvi Kvbv ev Zwi KiZ ne|
evi Dci w`K Lvjv _vKe evuki PvUvB w`q 14 Bw PIov (evm) I 30 Bw Lvov Mvj Wvj
Zwi KiZ ne&| Wvji Dco I wbP Lvjv _vKe| evi fZi ZjvZ 6 Bw cwigvb Zzl
weQZ ne| evi wfZi Zzli Dci Wvj emvZ ne| Wvj I evi gvS Lvwj RvqMv Zzl w`q
fiZ ne| Wvji Pviw`K I ZjvZ 6 Bw Zzl _vKe|evi ga `yB ev Zvi Pq ewk Wvj
emvbvi Rb evi AvKvi eo KiZ ne|
-2 dzU ck , 4 dzU j^v I 3 dzU Lvov ev 2 wU Wvjv emvbv hve |
-4 dzU ck , 4 dzU j^v I 3 dzU Lvov ev 4wU Wvj emvbv hve|
-4 dzU ck ,6 dzU j^v I 3 dzU Lvov ev 6 wU Wvj emvbv hve| cwZwU Wvji ga 400-
500wU wWg emvbv hve| Wvj AvKvi eo Kij mB AbycvZ evi AvKvi eo KiZ ne|
wP 24 evi wfZi Xvj cyZ KiY
evPv dzUvbvi Ask GB AskK evPPv dzUvbvi weQvbv Ges BsiwRZ nvPvi eW ej| 18 w`b
Wvj _K wWg ei Ki weQvbvi Dci emvZ nq| GLvb wWg _K evPAv dzU e nq| GKnvRvi
wWg emvbvi Rb 42 Bw j^v I 24 Bw PIov weQvbv cqvRb nq| nvW evWi Pviw`K KvVi
evZv w`q GB weQvbv Zwi Kiv hvq|
- evPv co hvIqv VKvbvi Rb weQvbvi eviw`K KvVi Zv w`q 6 Bw eov Zwi KiZ
nq|
- weQvbvi Dci 2/3 Bw cyi Ki Zzl weQvZ nq |
- KvVi ev evuki LywUi mvnvh GB weQvbv eZjv Kiv hvq|
wP 25 evQv dzUvbvi weQvbv
wWg dzUvbv Ni t
-Kg LiP evuki PvUvB w`q eov I wUbi Pvjv w`q Ni Zwi KiZ nq| Avjv evZvm PjvPji
Rb Ni QvU Rvbvjv _vKe|
- Nii Pvj Lo, wUb A_ev evuki ZiRv I cwjw_b w`q Kiv hvq|
Nii gSZ Zzl wewQq w`j Ni Mig _vKe I gSi Dci AwZwi fRv fve `~i ne|
- 8 dzU Piov I 12 dzU j^v Ni 4 dzU x 6 dzU ev I 4 2 Bw j^v x 24 Bw PIov weQvbv ivLv
hve|
wWg emvbv wbqg I Mig Kivi cwZt
-jvBjbi Zwi iswMb gkvixi Kvco w`q 100-125 wU wWgi GK GKwU cvUjv Zwi KiZ
ne | gyiwMi wWg ewk fsi GRb 40-50 wU wWg w`q QvU cvUjv Kiv fvj|
- cvUjvi ga wWg jv wXjv Ki evuaZ ne|
-wWgi cvUjvjvi iv` 3/4 NUv Mig KiZ ne|
wWgi cyUwj evuavi wbqg

Wvji AvKvi Mvj 2/3 Bw gvUv Zzl w`q PUi cvVjv Zwi KiZ ne|
cwZWvj 400-500 wWg emvbv hvq |
-cvUjvjv iv` 1078 wWMx -180 wWMx dv: Mig KiZ ne|
- kxZi w`b mKvj II weKvj 2 evi Ges Migi w`b 1 evi Zzli cvUjv Mig KiZ nq|
- iv` bv _vKj Pwjvi Dci jvnvi KovB ewmq Zvi ga Zzli cvUjv Mig KiZ nq|
-wnUvi ev Kiwmbi Pzjvi Dci evuki Wvj w`qI DcwifvM evuki Pvjwbi Dci wWg I cvUjv
Mig Kiv hvq|
- GKB Wvj wewfb mvn emvbv wWgi cvUjv _vKj wWgi fZii Zvc ci
emvbv wWg Mig nq|)
Wvj wWg emvbv cwZt
Wvj wWg emvbv cwZ

Wvji fZi c_g Mig Zzli cvUjv Zvi Dco wWgi cvUjv Zvici cybivq ZzZli cvUjv
Ggwbfve wWgi cvUjv I Zzli cvUjv emvZ ne|
-cwZw`b cvUjv eiKI 2 ev 3 evi wWgi cvk cwieZb KiZ ne|
-wWgi Zvc cixvi Rb PvLi Dci aij Zvc Abyfe Kiv hve|
7 w`b 14 w`b Ges 18 w`b wWgi ga Yi Aev Avjvi mvnvh cixv KiZ ne| Ab~ei wWg
I gZ Yhy wWg evQvB Ki djZ ne|
evPv dzUvbvi weQvbvq wWg emvbvi mgq t

18 w`b Wvji ga _K wWg ei Ki wWg dzUvbvi weQvbvq wWg emvZ ne|
Nii Zvcgvv _vKe 85wWMx dvt Ges nvPvi ev weQvbvq 90-95 wWMx dvt | Ni 100 IqvUi
3-4 Uv evwZ Rvjvbv nj GB Zvc Zwi ne|
Zvc 95 wWMx dvt Gi ewk nj Rvbvjv ìRv Lyj cvLvvi evZvm w`Z ne|
-Av`Zv Kg Mj mvgvb Mig cvwb wWgi Dci c KiZ ne|
-21 w`b gyiwMi wWg Ges 28 w`b nvumi wWg dzU weQvbvi ga evPv ei ne|
-evPv dzUvi 3 w`b c~e weQvbvi Dci ivLv wWg Avi Nyivbv hve bv|
10.3 c_gw`b _K nvwPsqi kl w`b ch `bw`b Kvhvw` t

`bw`b Kvhg ga wWg wj cwZw`b 4-5 NUv ci ci bvovPvov Kiv|wWgi Zvcgvv hb
100wWMx dvt eRvq _vK| m j Pyjvq Mig Kiv Zzl, ev QvB viv wWg wjK Mig KiZ ne|
Dcii cyUwj bxP Ges wbPi cyUwj Dci cvjU w`Z| Av`Zv Kg _vKj A_vr 70% Gi wbP
nj w`b hZevi wWg IjUcvjU Kiv ne ZZevi Kzmyg Mig cvwbZ big Kvco wfwRq wWg gyQ
w`Z ne| Gfve nvwPs weQvbvq bIqv ch KiZ ne| nvwPs weQvbvq bIqvi ci wWg bvov Pvov
myY wbwl| nvwPs weQvbvq Zvcgvv 99 wWMx dvt Ges Av`Zv
90 % ivLZ ne| Av`Zv wVK ivLvi Rb wWgi Dci Kzmyg Mig cvwb cqvRb eva c Ki
w`Z ne|
gwWDj -11
nvumi evPv cvjb
11.1 ewWs I ewWs Kgm~Px t

A eqm cvjK bv nIqvq ev QvU _vKvq kixi Ae nqbv G Rb kixii Zvc wbqbi Rb
Kwg Zvci cqvRb nq| G Aevq Kwg fve Zvc ÌqvK eywWs ejv nq | ewWs `yB fve
Kiv hvq | h_vt K) cvKwZK ewWs I L) Kwg ewWs
K) cvKwZK ewWs t gyiwMi mvnvh cvKwZK ewWs Kiv nq|
L) Kwg ewWs t e`ywZK, Mvm, Kiwmb I Abvb Zvci Drmi gvag ewWs KivK
Kwg eywWs ej|
evPv ewWs Ni t
Lvgvii evPv cvjb Kivi Rb wZb cKvi Nii eenvi Kiv nq |hgbt
K) eWvi nvDR L) eWvi-Kvg -Mvqvi nvDR M) eWvi -Kvg- jqvi nvDR|
eWvi nvDR t
* ^Z eWvi Nii AvKvi QvU nIqvZ Zvc Drcv`b LiP Kg|
* GB Ni evPv eywWs kl evPvjvK wew ev Mvqvi nvDR vbvi Kiv nq|
* GB mgq evPv vbvi Kij evPvi aKj nq I ivM wevii mebv evi|
eyWiv Ni Kvg- Mvqvi nvDwRt
eZgvb GB Nii cPjb ekx | Nii ga wKQy cwigvb vb c_K fve ewWsqi eev
Kiv hvq Ggb fve ZixKiv nq| ci Mvwqs AevqI mLvbB ivLv nq|
evPv eo nIqvi mv_ mv_ vbi cqvRb ewk nZ _vKj c`v mwiq evPv _vKvi vb
cm Kiv nq|
jqvi Ni vbvii cye ch G Ni evo evPv cvjb Kiv nq|
eWvi -Kvg- jqvi nvDR t
GB Ni evPv cvjb I evo evPv cvjb kl wWg cvov ch nuvm cvjb Kiv nq|
cwZ evP evPv cvjb Kivi Rb evPvi msLv wbavibt
Lvgvii cqvRb I Nii avib gZvbymvi cwZ evP evv cvjb Kivi Rb evPvi msLv
wbavib KiZ nq|

4dzU evmi nvfvii bxP evPPv 400 wU ewWs Kiv nq| GB wnme Ni eWvii msLv
wbavib Kiv nq|
Nii AvqZb I evPvi msLvbymvi Ni eWvi vcbi cwiKbv Kiv nq|
mKj mgq cqvRbi AwZwi kZKiv 5wU evPv ekx cvjb Kiv nq|
11.2 ewWs cye cwZ, evPv ewWs eevcbv
eWvi Ni cZ
eWvi Ni /eWvi -Kvg Mvqvi Ni Lvwj nIqvi mv_ mv_ Nii mg mivg , wjUvi /ewWs
LvuPv BZvw` ei KiZ nq|
Nii Kvb msvi cqvRb nj eev wbZ nq|
Nii gSZ jM _vKv gqjv cvwb w`q wfwRq Zzj djZ nq|
cwivi cvwb viv mg Ni ayq djZ nq|
fwUjkb ,dvb,jvBU ,ìRv Rvbvjv So gyQ cwivi KiZ nq|
Ni Rxevby gy Kibt
RxevbyYvkK eeZ cvwbZ evk wfwRq fwUjkb ,dvb,jvBU ,ìRv Rvbvjv So
gyQ cwivi KiZ nq|
Nii gSZ AvBqvmvb / wdbvBj/mvfjb/WUj BZvw` w`q ayq djZ nq|
A_ev A LiPi Rb wfRv Ni gSi Dci cwZ 100eM dzU vb GK KwR Kvco KvPv
mvWv fvjfve Qwoq 15 wgwbU ci fvjfve ayq djZ nq|
Ni cwivi Kivi mgq I RxevbybvkK eenvii mgq cvq Mv^yU,`n Gdivb I gyL
gyLvk eenvi Kiv evbxq |
Ni wjUvi / LvuPv I mivgvw` vcb
Ni Rxevbygy nIqvi ci fvjfve KvZ ne (10-15 w`b) |
Kbv gSi Dci 2 cyivKi wjUvi mvgMx weQvbvi ci eyWvi MvW, nvfvi,
wnUvi BZvw` chvqg vcb KiZ nq|
eWvi MvWi GKdzU wfZi wWsKvi I Lvì cv vcbi Rb vb ivLZ
nq|
LvuPvq eywWs Kij wjUvii cwieZ eWvi LvuPv vcb Kiv nq|
eWvi -Kvg-Mvqvi nvDRi Dby vb c`v viv XK w`Z nq| MigKvj PUi
c`v Ges kxZ I elvi mgq cvwK c`v eenvi Kiv nq|
eWviK -Kvg Mvqvi nvDR evPv ewWsqi Rb wbw` vb cvwK c`v viv wNi
c_K KiZ nq Ges Niv vb eWvi vcb KiZ nq|
eWvi I Nii Zvc gvvt

Nii Zvc gvv t
Ni evPv c`vbi mgq Nii Zvc gvv 75 wWMx dvt _vK Ges ewWs kl 65-75 wWMx dvt
Zvcgvv ivLv nq|
eWvii Zvc gvv t
evPvi eqm evPv
mvn kxZKvj MxKvj
dvt mt dvt mt
1-2 95.0 35.0 91.0 32.7
2-3 90.0 32.2 86.0 30.0
3-4 85.0 29.4 81.0 27.2
4-5 80.0 26.6 75.0 23.8
evPv ewWs ee_vcbv

eWvi Pvj~ I cvi cvwb c`vb
evPv MnYi w`b eWvi cvwbi cv cvwb Ìqvi ci Ges evPv MnYi 3 lUv c~e eWvi
Pvjy (Zvc Drcv`b) KiZ nq| ekx AvM Pvjy Kij wjUvi ekx wKq hvq Ges ci Pvj~
Kij cvwbi Zvcgvv h_ cwigvb nq bv & cvwbi Zvcgvv 65 dvt (18mt ) nIqv evbxq
| (cvwb c`vb cwZ è )
GB mgq ck Lv` cv wnmve KvMR /wPK evi XvKwb/cvwK U nvfvi bxP vcb Kiv
nq|
eWvi evPv c`vb t
Lvgvi evPv cQvbvi mv_ mv_ c~e _K cZ cwiPvhKvix evPvi mieivn MnY
Kie Ges `Z eWvi c`vb Kie|
mvavibZ mKvji w`K eWvi evPv c`vb Kij cwiPhv I cheYi Rb h_ mgq
cvIqv hvq Ges mKvj AvenvIqv Vvv _vKvi ìb Kg aKj mw nq|
evPv MnYi mgq wPK evi wfZi gZ evPv _vKj Zvi msLv wnmve KiZ nq&
me nj evPvi cv_wgK bgybv IRb ivLv hvq|
evPv mieivn ZvwjKvi mv_ Kvb Awgj _vKj wnmve AvbZ nq Ges evPv mieivnKvix
cwZvbK AewnZ KiZ nq|
evPvi AvPiY cixvt
eWvi evPv c`vbi ci evPvi AvPiY cixv AZ iZcY~ &
evPvi Rb AbyK~j Zvcgvv evPvi AvPiY `L Abygvb KiZ nq, hgb-
- eWvi Zvc ewk nj evPv Zvci Drm nZ `~i hvq Ges eWvi MvWi Mv Nl Rgv nq |
-eWvi Zvc Kg nj Zvci Drmi bxP ekx Zvci Avkvq evPv fxo Ki Ges cii
RovRwo Ki Mig nZ Pv Ki| GB Ae_vq PvcvPwcZ kvmi nq evPv gviv hvh|
-Zvc evPvi AbyK~j _vKj evPv ^Zt zZ _vK Ges myzfve Lv` Lvq I cvwb cvb Ki|
-evPv ^ZtzZfve PjvPj I cvwb cvb bv Kij eySZ nq cwienb RwbZ aKj cxwoZ A_ev
Amy|
* nvfvi A_ev Zvci Drm DuP-z bxPz KI Zvc Kg -ekx Kiv nq|
* eWvi evPv Ìqvi ci iwUb gZ cheY h_ bq| evi evi eWvi Ni cek Ki
AvPiY cixvi ci eev wbZ nq| 2 mvn eqm ch evPvi AZ msKUgq mgq |
* nVvr Ki Avjv wbf hvIqv ,Nii Zvcgvv cwieZb, fwUjkb eev, Lv` I cvwbi
cwieZb, wewfb cKvi k I nMvj evPvi aKj mw Ki| evPvi AvPiY `L G mg aKj
cwZKvii eev MnY AZ iZcY~ |
* eWvi evPv Ìqvi ci Zviv cvwb cvb Ki|
eWvi evPvi cvwb cvb Kivi ceYZv cixv Kiv nq| cZK evPv hvZ mnR cvwb cvb KiZ
cvi m eev wbZ nq| cqvRb nj nvZ ai cvwb cvb KivZ nq|
Lv` c`vb
eWvi evPv Ìqvi 2-3 NUv ci cZK evPvi mwVK cvwb cvb wbwZ nq cv_wgK cv
vUvi ikb c`vbi c~e Mg , fyv P~b A_ev PvDji Lyu` Ìqv hvq|
cvwbZ evPv Qvoevi mgqt

mvaviYZt Pvi mvn ch nvumi evPv cvwbZ Qvov DwPr bq| 4 mvn ch Ni cwZcvjb Ki
Zvici cvwbZ Qvoevi Afvm KiZ ne| cvwbZ Qvoevi mgq nj 1 g w`bB mviv w`b cvwbZ
ivLv wVK bq , axi axi cvwbZ Pivi Afvm KiZ ne| MigKvj `ymvn ciB cvwbZ Qvov hZ
cvi|
11.3
100 _K 500wU evPv cvjbi Avqeqi wnmve t
100 wU evPvi q g~j =1000.00 UvKv
100 wU evPvi 8 mvn cq Lv` LiP (252 KwR x 20.00) = 5040.00
cwZ cvjb I Abvb LiP (Lv` LiPi 1/4 Ask ) = 1260.00
megvU = 7300.00
10% gZz nvi ai 90wU
8 mvn eqmi evPvi weq g~j Mo (120.00 x 90) = 10,800.00
jvf = (10,800- 7300) = 3500.00
Gfve 500wU evPvi jvf 5 b ne|
11.4 100wU evo evPv cvjbi Avq eqi wnmvt
100wU eio evPvi 8 mvni evPvi LiP = 7500.00
9 _K 18 mvn ch Lv` LiP
(4 KwR 100 17.00 ) = 6800.00
Abvb LiP = 1000.00
gvU LiP = 15300.00
weq g~j (2% gZy nvi ai ) = 17600.00
jvf = 2340.00
11.5 100wU wWg cvov gyiwMi Avq eqi wnmvet

100wU gyiwM Kbvi LiP = 18,000.00
18 mvn _K wWg cvov kl ch Lv` LiP
(47 KwR10018.00 ) = 84,600.00
Abvb LiP = 10,000.00
gvU LiP = 1,12,600.00
weq g~j (2% gZy nvi ai )
wWg ( 300 x 98 x 4.50 ) = 1,32,300.00
gyiwM weq = 9,800.00
gvU weq = 1,42,100.00
jvf (1,42,100-1,12,600) = 29,500.00
gwWDj -12
jvfRbK fve `kx gyiwM cvjb Kkj
12.1 `kx gyiwM cvjb Kkji eYbv t

Avq ew I cvwievwiK cywi wbqZv weavb `kx gyiwM cwZcvjb wekl Ae`vb ivLZ cvi |
Avgiv mevB ej _vwK `kx gyiwMi Drcv`b Kg | wK wewfb chvq wekl j Ges eev MnY
Ki `kx gyiMxi Drcv`b wbi I ekx cvIqv me| `kx gyiwM _K jvf RbK Drcv`b cIqvq
wewfb Kkj GLvb ebbv Kiv nqQ|
Melbvq `Lv MQ `kx gyiwMi wWg Drcv`b ew Ki evRvi wewq Kivi Pq wWg dzwUq evPv
Zix Ki 8-12 mvn eqm wew Kij jvf ekx nq| GK msM 10-12 wU gyiwM wbq cvjb k~i
KiZ ne| Ze KLbI 15-16 wUi ekx bIqv wVK bv | ZvZ AbK AmyweavB nq | iZ gyiwM
jvK wwg bvlK Jla LvIqvbvi ci ivbxZ ivMi UxKv w`Z ne| gyiwMi Mvq DKzb _vKj
ZvI gi wbZ ne| cwZwU gyiwMK w`b 50-60 Mvg nvi mylg Lv` w`Z ne| AvRKvj evRvi
jqvi gyiwMi mylg Lv` cvIqv hvq | Zv Qvov Avav Ave G cwZZ cvjb Kij jvf ekx nq|
gyiwMi mv_ AekB GKwU eo AvKvii gviM _vKZ ne| Zv bv nj wWg dzUvbv hve bv | wWg
cvov kl nj gyiwM Dg Avme | ZLb wWg w`q evPv dzUvbvi eev wbZ nq| GK m GKwU
gyiwMi bxP 12-14 wU wWg emvbv hve |
Lvgvii Av`j euvk, KvV Lo, wePjx Zvj bviKj mycvwi cvZv w`q hZ Kg LiP vbvi hvM Ni
Zix Kiv me Zv Kiv hvq| Ni Zixi mgq j ivLZ ne hb mwVK gvci nq Ges chv Avjv
evZvm PjvPj KiZ cvi | evbvbvi ci NiwUK evoxi mePq wbwiwewj vb ivLZ ne | gvwUi
Dci BU w`q Zvi Dci emvZ ne| Zvnj Ni ekx w`b wUKe | dzUvbvi wWg msMn I msib
AviKwU cqvRbxq iZc~b KvR| wWg cvovi ci wWg msMni mgq cwj w`q wWgi Mvq ZvwiL
wjL Vvv RvqMvq msib KiZ ne| wWg cvov kl njB gyiwM KzuPv ne| Mig Kvj 5-6 w`b
eqmi wWg Ges kxZ Kvj 10-12 w`b eqmi wWg dzUvbvi Rb wbePb KiZ ne|
12.2 `kx gyiwM cvjb Kkji wekl bRi `qvi avc mg~n t
Dg emvbv gyiwMi cwiPhv KiZ ne| gyiwMi mvgb cv memgq Lvevi I cvwb w`q ivLZ ne
hvZ m BQ KijB LZ cvi | Zvnj gyiwMi IRb nvm cvebv GZ evPv Zvjvi ci Avevi
ZvovZvwo wWg cvov Avi Kie|
* wWg emvbvi 7-8 w`b ci AvjvZ ivZi ejv wWg cixv Kij evPv nq bvB Ggb wWg jv
Pbv hve Ges ei Ki AbZ ne| evPv nIqv wWgjv myì Ki mvwRq w`Z ne| Ze Lqvj
ivLZ ne hb gyiwM wei bv nq|
* cwZwU wWgi Mvq mgfvf Zvc jvMvi Rb w`b Kg c 5-6 evi IjU cvjU Ki
w`Z ne|
* evZvmi Av`Zv Kg nj wekl Ki Lye Mig I kxZi mgq wWg Dg emvbvi 18- 20w`b
ch Kzmyg Mig cvwbZ nvZi Avyj wfwRq cvwb c Ki w`Z ne|
* dvUvi ci 5-6 NUv ch gvK w`q evPvK Dg w`Z ne| ZvZ evPv wKq SiSi ne|
12.3 evPv dzUvi ci evPvi cwiPhv I wWg cvov gyiwMi cwiPhv t
Mig Kvj evPvi eqm 3-4 w`b Ges kxZ Kvj 10-12 w`b ch evPvi mv_ gvK _vKZ w`Z
ne| ZLb gyiwM wbRB evPvK Dg wè| GZ Kwg Dgi (ewWs ) cqvRb ne bv| G mgq gv
gyiwMK Lvevi w`Z ne| gv gyiwMi Lvevii mv_ evPvi Lvevi I wKQ~ Avjv`vKi w`Z ne| evPv
jv gvqi mv_ Lvevi LvIqv wke| Dciv ewbZ mgqi ci gyiwMK evPv _K Avjv`v KiZ
ne| G Ae_vq evPvK Kwg fve ewWs I Lvevi w`Z ne| ZLb _KB evPv cvjbi gZ evPv
cvjb cwZi me wKQyB cvjb KiZ ne| gv gyiwMK Avjv`v Ki jqvi Lv` w`Z ne| G mgq gv
gyiwMK ZvovZvwo my nIqvi Rb cvwbZ èbxq wfUvwgb w`Z ne| gv gyiwM I evPv Ggbfve
Avjv`v KiZ ne hb Zviv `wi evwni _vK| Ggb wK evPvi wPwP k hb gv gyiwM bZ bv cvq
| Zv bv nj gv I evPvi WvKv WvwKZ KD Kvb Lvevi ev cvwb wKQyB Lve bv | Avjv`v Kivi ci
Aevi mv_ Lvc LvBq Mj Avi Kvb mgmv _vK bv | cwZwU gyiwMK G mgq 80-90 Mvg jqvi
Lvevi w`Z ne| mv_ mv_ 5-7 NUv Po eovZ w`Z ne| cwZ 3-4 gvm ci ci Kwgi Jla
Ges 4-5 gvm ci ci Avi. wW. wf . UxKv w`Z ne| `k GKwU gyiwM wWg cvovi Rb 20 -24w`b
mgq bq | wWg _K evPv dzUvbvi Rb 21 w`b mgq bq | evPv jvjb cvjb Ki eo Ki Zvjvi
Rb 90-110 w`b mgq bq | wWg _K G fve (90-110 w`b ) evPv eo Kiv ch GKwU `kx
gyiwMi Drcv`b P kl KiZ ^vfvweK Aevq 120- 130 w`b mgq jvM| wK gvK evPv _K
Avjv`v Kivi dj GB Drcv`b P 60 -62 w`bi ga mgv nq| evwK mgq gyiwMK wWg cvovi
KvR eenvi Kiv hvq | GB cvjb cwZK wc wdwWs ej |
* wc wdwWs cwZZ evPv cvjb Kij gyiwMK evPv cvjb ekx mgq eq KiZ nq bv | dj
wWg cvovi Rb gyiwM ekx mgq w`Z cvi | GB cwZZ evPv dzUvi msLv ekx nq | `Lv MQ
evPPvi gZznviI AbK Kg _vK| gvU K_v AbK w`K w`qB jvfevb nIqv hvq | GB cwZ
eZgvb AbK eenvi Ki jvfevb nQb|
gwWEj -13
Kvqj cvjb
13.1 Kvqj cvjbi iZ I RvZ cwiwPwZ t

Avgvì `k cvlv cvwLi ga Kvqj GKwU bZzb mshvRb| evsjv`ki AvenvIqv Kvqj
cvjbi Rb LyeB DchvwM| Kvqji gvsm Ges wWg my^v`y I cywKi | cywi NvUwZ gUvZ
Kvqj cvjb AbK g~jevb f~wgKv ivLZ cvi| nvum-gyiwMi gZ Kvqj cvjb Ki AbKB
jvfevb nqQb| AbK AvZKg msvbi Rb Kvqj cvjb ckv wnme eQ wbqQb | eZgvb
XvKv mn evsjv`ki wewfb vb Kvqj cvjb Lvgvi Mo DVQ| BwZgaB Kvqj cvjb h_
RbwcqZv jvf KiQ Ges cvw wki GKwU gReyZ AsM wnme wbRi vb Ki wbqQ|
evwYwRK Rvcvbx Kvqji AbK wj RvZ I DcRvZ iqQ| RvZ I DcRvZ f` Kvqji
Mvqi is IRb, AvKvi, AvKwZ, wWgcvovi nvi, wWgi IRb BZvwì AbK cv_K iqQ|
eZgvb cw_exZ Dk I Aevb Abyhvqx wZb aibi Kvqj iqQ|
(1) eb Kvqj (Wild Quail)
(2) evwbwRK Kvqj (Commercial Quail)
(3) jveiUix Kvqj (Laboratory Quail)
jveiUix Kvqj wewfb Melbvi KvR eenvi Kiv nq wK Lvgvixì KvQ evwYwRK Kvqj
iZc~b | Dk Abyhvqx evwYwRK Kvqj wZb cKvi h_vt
(1) jqvi Kvqj (Layer Quail)
(2) eqjvi Kvqj( Broiler Quail)
(3) weWvi Kvqj (Breeder Quail)
1| jqvi Kvqj t
wWg Drcv`bi Dk eeZ KvqjK jqvi Kvqj ejv nq | jqvi Kvqj ay Lvevi wWg
Drcv`bi Rb cvjb Kiv nq | jqvi Kvqji mv_ ZvB Kvb gv`x Kvqj ivLv nqbv |
mvaviYZ 6-7 mvn eqm _K gv`x Kvqj wWg cvov i Ki Ges cwZwU Kvqj eQi 290 -
300wU wWg co _vK| jqvi Lvgvi mvavibZ 54 mvnevcx gv`x Kvqj cvjb Kiv nq |
Gici GjvK wWg Drcv`bi Rb evwZj Ki `qv nq Ges gvsmi Rb weq Kiv nq|
evwbwRK Kvqj
2| eqjvi Kvqj t
big I my^v`y gvsm Drcv`bi Rb eeZ Rvcvwb KvqjK eqjvi Kvqj ejv nq| G Dk
g`v-gv`x wbekl Rbi w`b _K cuvP mvn eqm ch GìK cvjb Kiv nq| G mgqi ga
GKKwUi RxweZ IRb 140 -150 Mvg nq hvq| Gjv _K cvq 72.5% LvIqvi DchvMx gvsm
cvIqv hvq| gvsm Drcv`bi Rb cw_exZ hZv aibi Kvqj Zwi Kiv nqQ Zvi ga fviZi
Zvwgjbvo c`ki KvBgevUvi G.wf.Gg. nvPvwiR G wewWs wimvP mUvi (cvt) wjwgUW KZK
Drcb mv`v KvqjB DrKZg | Aek GwU GLbI Avgvì `k Avbv nqwb| ZvB AvcvZZ jqvi
KvqjjvB eqjvi wnme eeZ nQ| Gì gvsm Drc`b nviI h_ fvj|
3| weWvi Kvqjt
jqvi I eqjvi Kvqji evPv dvUvbvi j wWg Drcv`bi Rb eeZ evQvB Kiv cRbb
mg g`v-gv`x KvqjMyjvK weWvi Kvqj ejv nq| mvaviYZ 7-8 mvn eqmi gv`x Ges
10mvn eqmi g`v KvqiK wewWs Lvgvi Gb cvjb Kiv nq| Ze Gì eqm 10 mvn nIqvi
ci cRbbi KvR eenvi Kiv Dg|GLvb GìK 30 mvn eqm ch ivLv nq| wWgi DeiZv
fvj ivLvi Rb mevP chvq 2wU gv`x Kvqji msM GKwU g`v Kvqj ivLZ nq|
13.2 Kvqj cvjb cwZ ( Kvqji evPv cvjb I eq Kvqj cvjb)t

gyiwMi evPvi gZ Kvqji evPvKI Kwg cwZZ ewy Ws Kiv ìKvi nq| Kvqj cvjbi cyi
mgqKvjK `yUv fvM fvM Kiv nq| (1) evPv cvjb ce (2) eq Kvqj ce
evPv cvjb ce t b _K 35 w`b ch evPv cvjb cei Aify Ze 14 w`b ch eywWs KiZ
nq| cwieki Zvcgvvi Kvib eywWs ce 3 mvn ev ZviI ekx mgq nZ cvi| GKw`b eqmi
evPvi Rbi ci _K Kwg fve Zvci gvag cvjb KivK eywWs ejv nq|
Kvqji evPv cvjb

Kvqji evPv evUvwi ev wjUvi h Kvb cvwYwZZB cvjb Kiv hvq| Ze h cwZZB cvjb
Kiv nvK bv Kb Gì LvuPv h Ni ivLv ne ev wjUvi cwZZ h Ni cvjb Kiv ne mwU
h_ gReyZ nIqv evbxq | NiwU Ggb fve Zwi KiZ ne hb ZvZ chv Avjv evZvm
cek KiZ cvi ; ew ev`j hb cvwb cek bv Ki ; B`yui ev Abvb cvwY-cvwL hb DrcvZ
bv Ki | ZvQvov NiwU eq Kvqj ev nvum-gyiwMi Ni _K wKQyUv `~i nIqv evbxq |
NiwUK me mgq cwivi cwiQb I RxevYygy ivLZ ne| | Kvqji evPvi eywWs I wiqvwis
Gi Rb Avjv`v Ni eenvi Kiv DwPZ Ze Zv me bv nj GKB Ni eov ev cvwUkb w`q
cvjb Kiv hZ cvi| Ze KLbvB GKB LvuPvq ev GKm wjUvii wewfb eqmi Kvqj cvjb
Kiv DwPZ bq|
mwVK fve Kvqji evPv cvjbi Rb wbgwjwLZ welqjv gb PjZ ne|
wjUvi Kvqj cvjb

1. mwVK Zvcgvv
2. chv Avjv
3. evqy PjvPj eev
4. evPvi Ne
5. Lv` I cvwb eevcbv
6. ^vmZ cwiek|
1. mwVK Zvcgvv t evPvì Rxeb aviY I mwVK ewi Rb Dchy cwiek mwZ Zvcgvv
iZc~b fywgKv iqQ| cwieki Zvcgvvi m wgj iL kixii Zvcgvv wbqY gZv
Rbi c_g w`K Gì LyeB Kg _vK| ZvQvov Gì `ni Kvgj cvjKi AvQv`bI chv
Zvc wbqY KiZ cvi bv| dj Zvci Afve kixi Vvv nq hvq| GZ AbK evPvB gviv
hvq| hjv euP _vKe Zvì ewi mwVK nq bv| ZvB evPv cvjb Ni mwVKfve Zvcgvv
wbqY KiZ nq| evPv cvjb Nii Zvcgvv 21wWMx -22 mjwmqvm G ivLZ nq| eWvii
evPvì Zvc `qIqvi wekl aibi h ivLZ nq| Gici cwZ wZb -Pviw`b cici 2.5 -3.0
mt Ki Kwgq wZb mvn ci Zv Nii Zvcgvvq bvwgq AvbZ ne| kxZKvj Qvov evPv
cvjbi cieZx `yB mvn ay gv ivZi ejvq Zvci eev KijB Pj|
2. chv Avjvt evPvì ewZ Avjv iZ c~b f~wgKv iqQ| evPvì Rbb Mwi ewZ
Avjvi eY ek cfve dj | hgb g`v evPvì vkqi ewZ jvj eYi Avjvi f~wgKv
bxj eYi Zjbvq ewk ZvQvov Avjvi mvnvhB Giv wbRìK eWvi nvDRi / KBRi
cwieki m Lvc LvIqvZ kL Ges Lv` I cvwb cvb Kivi cwZ gbvhvwM nq| `y mvn
eqm ch evPvì Ni 24 NUv Avjvi eev KiZ ne| ZZxq mvni kl Zv Kwgq
`wbK 12 NUvqB mxgv ivLZ ne| Ze ZvovZvwo hb cwic AvbZ ne c_g w`b _K 5
-6 mvn eqm ch `wbK 24 NUv Avjv Rj ivLZ ne| eqjvi ZvovZvwo IRb
evovbvi Rb 25 -28 `wb _K 35 w`b ch evRviRvZ Kivi 7-10 w`b c~e _K `wbK
8NUv AvjvZ I 16 NUv AKvi ivLZ ne|
3. evqy PjvPj eev t evPv cvjb N chv evh~ PjvPj eev ivLZ ne| Gi gvag Migi
w`b Nii ga m Zvc mnRB ewiq hZ cvie| GQvov Ni chv we evh~ XvKv I Ni
m wZKviK Nvm ei nq hvIqvi Rb mwVK evh~ PjvPj eev _vKv cqvRb| eywWsqi c_g
mvn Ni evqy PjvPj eev mewbg chvq ivLZ ne Ges axi axi Zv eovZ ne| Nii
AvcwK Av`Zv c_g wZb mn 60-65% cieZx `ymn 55-60% G ivLZ ne|
4. evPvi NbZt Nii wfZi ev eyWvii wbw` RvqMvi wfZi gvU evPvi NbZi Ici Gì
mwVK ew wbfi Ki| wZb mvn eqm ch cwZwU evPPvi Rb eyWvii nvfvii wbP 75 eM
mt wgt RvqMv eiv KiZ ne| ivb Gi eyWvii nvfvi Pviw`K _K wPK MvW ch dvuKv
RvhMvUzKz GKB cwigvb RvqMv _vKe| 3-5 mvn chv 150 -175 eMmtwgt RvqMvi cqvRb
ne| wjUvi cwZZ cwZwU evPvi Rb megvU 200-250 eMmtwgt RvqMv w`Z ne|
5. Lv` I cvwbi eevcbvt evPvì Rxebi c_g w`K Lv` I cvwbi mnR cvcZv Avivgc`
cwiek ZwiZ MyiZc~b f~wgKv cvjb Ki| hw` Kvb evPv Zvi avi KvQ Lv` I cvwb LyuR
bv cvq , Ze Zvi kixi chv kwi Afve Vv nq hve I bv LZ cq axi axi `yej nq
gviv hve| Rbi c_g mvn evPv gZzi GKwU AbZg cavb KviY njv cvwbi Afve| hnZz
ewWsqi DPP& Zvcgvvq evPviv mnRB cvwbk~bZvq fvM ZvB Gì Rb chv cvwbi eev
KiZ ne|
6. ^vmZ cwiek t evPì mwVK ewi Rb Ni I eWvii cwiek ^vmZ nIqv

evbxq | Nii wfZi Kvbv gqjv AveRbv _vKv Pje bv| wjUvi fRv _vKv Pje bv | evPv
cvjb Ni cvjbKvwi Qvov Abì cekvwaKvi wbwl KiZ ne| ZvQvov Abvb cvwYcvwLI
hb Nii Avkcvk bv AvmZ cvi mw`K Lqvj ivLZ ne| Kvbv evPv bL,cv,cvjK,
VvuU cfwZZ gqjv Rgj Zv AvjZvfve cwivi KiZ ne| gqjvi PvL e nq Mj
GKUzKiv Zzjv cvwbZ wfwRq gqjv cwivi Kiv DwPZ|
eq Kvqj cvjb t
jqvi Lvgvi c~beq gv`x KvqjjvK l mvn eqm _K wWg cvovi NI wjUvi ev LvuPv
cwZZ cvjb Kiv nq| weWvi KvqjM~jvK weWvi KBR Ìqvi c~e g`v I gv`x
Avjv`vfve cvjb KiZ ne| mvaviYZ 7-8 mvn eqmi evQvB Kiv g`v Kvqjjv weWvi
KBR GKm ivLv nq GB j 3/4 mvn eqm hLb cvjKi is `L cv_K Kiv hve ZLb
_K weWvi KBR Ìqvi c~e ch GìK Avjv`vfve cvjb KiZ ne| ZvQvov wewWs
LvuPvq g`v I gv`x me mgqi RbBy GKm ivLv hve bv| eis ìKvi gZv mgq cRb Kivbvi
Rb g`vK wewWs LvuPvq XyKvbv ne| Ges wbw`Kvj ci Avevi c_K Ki djZ ne|evvUvwi
ev wjUi `y cwZZ cvjb Kiv MjI Kvqji Rb ev&Uvwi cwZB mnR, wivc` ,UKmB I
^v m` | ZvB G cwZZ Lvgvi KivB jvfRbK |
LvuPvq eq Kvqj cvjb

mvdjRbKfve eq Kvqj cvjb KiZ nj Lvgvwiì wbgi welqjv mwVKfve gb
PjZ ne|
1. Zvcgvv t eq Kvji Ni Zvcgvv 21wWMx -22wWMx mt wi ivLZ ne| AwZwi
Zvcgvvq Gi Migi aKj fvMe| GZ wWg Drcv`b gvivZKfve nvm cve|
2. Avjv t Kvqji wWg Drcv`b Avjvi Ici h_ wbfikxj | ZvB Kvqj _K chv wWg
cZ nj `wbK 16 NUv Avjvi eev KiZ ne| GB j l mvn 13 NUv Avjvi
eev KiZ ne| mg ,Ag I beg mvn mvncwZ GK NUv wnme evowZ Zv h_vg
14.15, I 16 NUvi ew KiZ ne| beg mvn _K evwK mgq cwZw`b GB 16 NUv wnmeB
Avjv eiv KiZ ne| DjL GKwU 40 IqvUi evj w`q (wgUvi RvqMv AvjvwKZ Kiv hvq|
wWg Drc`b Avjvi ebi I cfve iqQ| chv wWg Drcv`b jvj ebi Avjv _K ewk
f~wgKv ivL|
3. evqy PjvPj eev t Ni chv evq~ PjvPj eev _vKZ ne| eo Lvgvi evq~ PjvPj
wbqYi Rb, Nii wjUvi Kvbvi Rb Gv cvLv jvMvZ ne| Nii AvcwK Av`Zv
_vKZ ne 55-60%|
4. cqvRbxq RvqMv t wjUvi cwZZ cwZwU cvwLi Rb 200-250 eM m.wg. RvqMvi eev
KiZ ne| ZvQvov Nii wjUvi 10 m.wg. cyi nIqv evbxq| evUvwi cwZZ LvuPv QvU nvK
ev eo nvK GKZjv nvK ev QqZjv nvK AekB cwZwU Kvqji Rb 150 -200 eM m.wg.
RvqMvi eev KiZ ne| Dfq cwZZB weWvi Kvqji Rb wKQyUv ewk RvqMvi cqvRb
ne|
5. wWg cvovi ev t wjUvi cwZZ Kvqj cvjb GKwU Amyweav njv, Giv wWg cvovi ci
ciB AbK mgqB Zv wjUvii fZi jywKq dj| ZvQvov wjUvi cvov wWg AninB gqjv
jM hvq| GZ wWg `LZ Lvivc jvM| ZvB wjUvi cvwjZ Kvqji wWg cvovi ev
wWg cvovbvi Afvm Kiv DwPZ| G j jqvi nvDR Kvqji msLvi AbycvZ wWg cvovi
evmv ev jwqs b mieivn Kiv DwPZ| cwZ 4-5 wU Kvqji Rb GKwU jwqs b mieivn
Kiv DwPZ| cwZwU jwqs b 15 20 20 Nb m.wg. gvci nIqv evbxq |
6. Lv` I cvwbi RvqMv t evUvwi ev wjUvi Dfq cwZZB cwZwU Kvqji Rb Lv` I cvwbi
Rb h_vg 3 I 2 m.wg. RvMqv eiv KiZ ne| ZvQvov wekl bKkvi Lv` I cwbi cv
eenvi KiZ ne| GZ Lv` I cvwbi AcPq iva ne|
7. ^v mZ cwiek t Lvgvi me mgq ^vmZ I Rxevbygy ivLZ ne | GZ Kvqj

_K chv Drcv`b cvIqv hve|
13.3 wewfb eqmi Kvqji Lv`t

Kvqji cvjbKvji wewfb chvq ^vfvweK ew ^viv ,wWg I gvsm Drcv`bi Rb Gì
Lv` wewfb cyw gvb Dcv`vbi Pvwn`vi ek ZviZg NU| cyw Dcv`vbi Pvwn`vi Ici wfw
KI eqm Abyhvqx KvqjK wewfb kbxZ fvM Kiv nq| 1. cviwK ce, 2. ew ce, 3. wWg
cvov ce,
4. weWvi ce
1. cviwK ce t Rbi w`b _K wZb mvn eqm ch Kvqji Lvì cwZ wekl mRi
w`Z nq| KviY ,G mgqUv Gì Rxebi msKUgq Kvj | G eqm Gì `wnK ewi mevP
chvq _vK Ges g`v I gv`xi ewi nviI mgvb _vK| cviwK cei Kvqji Lv` 27 %
Avwgl I cvq 2,800 wKjv Kvjvwi wecvKxq kw /KwR _vKv cqvRb|
2. ew ce t wZb mvni ci _K g`vjvi Zzjbvq gv`xjvi ewi nvi ewk nq| KviY G
mgq gv`xjvi wW^vkq I wW^bvjxi AvKvi I IRb evoZ _vK| Kvqj Qvov cvwI Ab
cRvwZjvi ga GgbwU mPivPi `Lv hvq bv| Ze mvgwMKfve cviwK cei Zyjbvq G ce
Kvqji ewi nvi Kg| G eqmi Kvqji Lv` 24% Avwgl I 2,800 wKjv Kvjwi
wecvKxq kw/KwR _vKZ nq| Ze eqjvi Kvqji ew cei cviwK cei bvq
Lv` 27% Avwgl _vKv cqvRb|
3. jqvi cei Lv` t Kvqj Qq mvn eqm _K wWg cvov i Ki | G mgq Gì ewi
nvi c~eeZx cewji gZ GZ`~iZ nqbv `wnKew I wWg cvov nvii Dci wfwKi G cewUK
wZb fvM fvM Kiv nq| hgb t (1) 6-14 mvn (2) 15 -26 mvn
(3) 27 _K evwK mgq ch | 6 -14 mvn ch mgq wWg Drcv`b k~b _K mevP nvi
(90% ) cQ| ZvQvov wWgi AvKvi IRb ew cvq | dj Lv` mB gvZveK bRiw`Z
nq| 15 - 26 mvn eqm `wnK ew Ges wWgi vAvKvi I IRbi Zgb cwieZb nq bv|
KvRB GB chvq c~eeZx chvq _K Avwgl I wecvKxq kw Kg jvM| 27 _K evwK mgq
wWg Drcv`b Kg hvq | Ze wWgi AvKvi I IRb wKQyUv ew cvq GB mgq `wnK ew wi
_vK weavq Avwgl I wecvKxq kw Kg jvM|
4. weWvi ce t weWvi KvqjK Lv` gviM-gyiwMi gZ weWvi ikb w`Z nq| GLv` Zwi
Kivi mgq wfUvwgb wgbvij wcwgI we&Wvi ikbi w`Z nq|
wewfb eqmi Kvqji Lv` ZvwjKvt
Dcv`vb cviwK ikb ewi /evo ikb jqvi/ weWvi ikb

KwR/100KwRZ) (0-3 mvn) (4-5 mvn) (6 mvn -evKx mgq)
f~v 53.20 53.25 50.25
wgwn PvDji Kzov 15.00 16.00 16.00
cvwUb KbmbUW 8.00 7.00 7.00
mqvweb wgj 21.00 20.00 20.00
wSbyK P~b 2.00 3.00 6.00
jeb 0.50 0.50 0.50
megvU 100.00 100.00 100.00
13.4 Kvqji ivM evwa I cwZKvi Ges Kvqji evRvi RvZ Kib t
Kvqj cvjbi AbZg myweav njv Gì ivM evwa Kg| Gì ivM evwa Kg nIqvq UxKv
w`Z nq bv| Abw`K Kwgi Jla LvIqvZ nqbv| Ze wbqwgZ I AwaK nvi gvsm I wWg
Drcv`b cZ nj Lvgvi eevcbvi Dbqbi msM msM Kvqji ivM evwamK
Lvgvixì h_vh_ vb _vKZ ne Ges m Abyhvqx eev wbZ ne| G ch Kvqji h
mg ivM evwa mK Rvbv MQ Zvi ga wbg wjwLZ ivM jv AwaK iZ c~b|
1. ZmwKvix Z c`vn ,
2. Kvqji Kvgbvjx c`vn,
3. eyWvi wbDgvwbqv,
4. Kwjmc& wUwmwgqv
5. i Avgvkq Ges
6. k RwbZ Pgc`vn
ZmwKvix Z c`vn t
Kvqji ivM evwai ga GwU mePq gvivZK | Kvib G ivM Avv nj 100% I gviv hZ
cvi| mvavibZ `ywlZ Lv` è LvIqvi gvag evPv Kvqj G ivM Avv nq| mvavibZ GwU
wjUvi cvwjZ Kvqji ewk `Lv hvq | GwU evKUwiqv NwUZ Ai ivM| GB ivM Avv nj
vbxq h Kvb cvwYwPwKrmKi civgk bqv cqvRb|
2. Kvqji Kvgbvjx c`vnt

GK aibi fvBivmi Avgb Kvqji G ivM nq| GZ Kvgbvjx Avv nq Zxe cKwZi
c`vni mw Ki| 3 mvn eqm ch G ivMwU vqx nZ cvi Ges evPv Kvqj 80% ch gZz
nvi nZ cvi| Avv Kvqj nuvwP, Kvwk I A^vfvweK kvmxq k j Kiv hvq| Ze bvK w`q
Kvb Zij c`v_ wbtmZ nZ `Lv hvq bv| Kvb Kvb mgq PvL w`q cvwb coZ `Lv hvq| hnZz
GwU fvBivm RwbZ ivM ZvB Gi Kvb wPwKrmv bB| evKUwiqv RwbZ gvawgK msgb GivZ
vbxq cvwYwPwKrmKi civgk bqv cqvRb|
3. eyWvi wbDgvwbqv t
evPv gyiwMZ eWvi wbDgvwbqv mwKvix QvK AvmcviwRjvm wdDwgMUvm evPv KvqjK Avv
KiZ cvi| `ywlZ Lv` ev wjUvi mvgMxi msk A_ev wbtkvmi gvag `ywlZ e Mnb Kvqj
G ivM Avv nZ cvi| Zxe cKwZi ivM zavgv`, wccvmv ew, Ri I kvmK `Lv `q|
evPv wKq hvq I `yej nq co| kvmKi KviY evPv gyL nv Ki Nvo gv_v Dcii w`K Uvb
Ki kvm Mnb Ki|
4. KwjmcwUwmwgqv& t
BmKwiwkqv KvjvB bvgK evKUwiqv G ivM mw Ki| evPv Ges eq me eqmi KvqjB G
ivM Avv nZ cvi| GZ mPivPi kvmZ Avv njI Abvb Z I Avv nZ cvi|
mvavibZ ivM jY cvKvki c~eB cvwLi gZz NU| nVvr cvwLi gZz nvi eo hvq Ges kvmZi
DcmM , gyL nv Ki _vKv, bvK gyL dbv IVv, PvLw`q cvwb cov
BZvw` `Lv hvq|
5. i Avgkq t
gyiwMZ i Avgvkq mwKvix GKKvlx ciRxwejv KvqjK Avv Ki bv| Ze AvBgwiqv
DRyiv I AvBgwiqv mybvWvB bvgK GKKvlx ciRxwe evPv KvqjK Avv Ki| GZ i
Avgvkq `Lv `q| evPv wSgvZ _vK ,`yej nq co, Ges i k~bZvi Kvib gviv hvq|
6. kRwbZ Pgc`vn t
wjUvi I LvuPv cwZZ cvwjZ Kvqj cvq mgqB G ivMwU `Lv hvq| mvavib_ 3/4 gvm ev
ZZvwaK eqmi Kvqj Avv nq| GZ g`v Kvqji cRbb gZv I gv`x Kvqji wWg
Drcv`b gvivZK fve nvm cvq| KvRB Kvqj Lvgvwiì G ivM mK vb ivLv AZ Riwi|
KqKwU PgivM hgb - nK evb ,e wevi, we wnc wmvg BZvw` |
Mevw` cvwY cvjb
gWyj-14 t Mevw` cvwYi A_bwZK iZ
14.1 evsjv`ki Av_-mvgvwRK Dbqb Mevw` cvwYi f~wgKv

evsjv`ki Av_-mvgvwRK Dbqb Mevw` cvwYi f~wgKv Acwimxg| GLvb KlKiv km Pvli
cvkvcvwk cvwYcvwL jvjb-cvjb Ki _vK| nvjPvl, dmj gvovB, gvbe I cY cwienb, Re mvi
Drcv`b Ges Rvjvwb mieivn cvwYmì iqQ iZcY~ Ae`vb| RbMYi Avwgli Pvwn`v c~iY
Mevw` cvwYi `ya I gvsm Drcv`bi gvag h_ Ae`vb iL PjQ| f~wg I cywR ^Zvi KviY
cvwYm` `vwi` wegvPb I Kgmsvbi GKwU iZcY~ Aej^b|
cvwYm` `ki ivwb evwYRI AZ iZcY~ f~wgKv cvjb Ki| wekl Ki Pvgov I
PvgovRvZ cY ivwbi gvag `k cwZ eQi Mo cvq 1200 KvwU Avq KiQ| Pvgovi YMZ gvb
I cwigvY ewi gvag `ki ivwb Avq eY ew Kiv me| GQvov `k `ya Drcv`b ew Ki
ouv `yai Avg`vwb Kgvbvi gvag KvwRZ e`wkK gy`v mvkq Kiv me| `ki ivwb
egyLxKiYi gvag ivwb Avq ewZ cvwYm` LvZi iqQ Acwimxg mvebv| cvwYRvZ wewfb
cY hgb gvsm, nvo, Pwemn Abvb cY ivwbi h_ myhvM iqQ| ivwb ewi gvag e`wkK
gy`v ARbi cvkvcvwk gvbyli Kgmsvbi myhvM mw I Rxeb hvvi gvb Dbqb me|
Mevw` cvwYi A_bwZK iZ

Mevw` cvwY cvjb ay ^Zfve `ya I gvsm Drcv`bi Rb jvfRbK eemvB bq eis AvZKgmsvb
`vwi` wegvPb Ges RvZxq kg gZv Dbqbi AbZg mnRZi gvag wnme weewPZ| ZvQvov
e`wkK gy`v Avq, Rvjvwb I mvi, cwiek myiv, bvixi gZvqb I wewfb aibi mnhvMx wk
Drcv`b Mevw` cvwYi Ae`vb iZcY~ |
g~j mshvRb `ya I gvsm Drcv`b Rwg Pvl
bvixi gZvqb dmj gvovB
e`wkK gy`v ARb MvgxY cwienY

Mevw` c
mnhvMx wk Rvjvwb I mvi
`vwi` nvm cwiek iv

Kgmsvb
wP t 14.1 Mevw` cvwYi A_bwZK iZ
weMZ KqK eQi avivevwnKZvfve Mevw` cvwYi msLv ew cvkvcvwk `ya I gvsmi Drcv`bI ew
cqQ hv RbMYi Avwgli Pvwn`v c~iY iZcY~ Ae`vb ivLQ|
Kwl KvR Mevw` cvwYi iZ t evsjv`ki ewki fvM KlKB Mixe Ges z` z` LwZ Rwgi
gvwjK| G aibi RwgZ hPvwjZ Uvii cwieZ cvwYPvwjZ jvj w`q Rwg Pvl Kiv nq| RwgZ
exR, mvi, hcvwZ Avbv-bqvi Rb Ges dmji gvV _K dmj evwoZ I evRvi wbq hvIqvi Rb
MvgM GLbI cvwYPvwjZ Mvwo eeZ nQ| wekl Ki h mg GjvKvq cvKv ivv bB m mg
GjvKvq MvgxY cwienb wnme Mi Mvwo I gwnli Mvwoi cPjb AvQ| km wbovbx ev AvMvQv
`~ixKiYi RbI Mevw` cvwYK eenvi Kiv nq| avb, Mg, KjvB BZvw` dmj gvovB Gi Rb Mevw`
cvwY eeZ nq| AvL gvovB Kj _K AvLi im ei Kivi Rb Ges Zj exR I bvwiKj _K
Zj Drcv`bi Rb Nvwb Uvbvi KvR Mevw` cvwYK eenvi Kiv nq| GQvovI BUfvUvq BU Zwii
DchvMx Kv`v Zwii Rb Mevw` cvwY eeZ nq|
evsjv`ki Kwl RwgZ evwbK gvv I AbycvZ ivmvqwbK mvi eenvi bv Kivi dj Kwl Rwgi
DeiZv nvm cvQ| G mg Rwgi DeiZv wdi cvIqvi Rb Mvei mvi ev Re mvii cqvRb AZ
ewk| G mvi hgb gvwUi mvweK Aevi Dbqb NUvq Zgwb dmji Drcv`bI evwoq `q| GQvovI
Mevw` cvwYi Lvì DwQi mv_ AvMvQv, KPzwicvbv I gj-g~ wgwkZ Mvqvj Nii AveRbv GK
wgwkZ Ki Kv mvi Zwi Kiv hvq| Avevi Mvei w`q evqvMvm Zwii ci DwQvsk mvi
wnmeI eeZ nq, hv GKw`K cwiek myivq f~wgKv ivL Ab w`K Re mvii NvUwZ c~iYI
mnvqZv Ki|
e`wkK gy`v ARb Mevw` cvwYi iZ t e`wkK gy`v ARbi Mevw` cvwYi f~wgKv
Acwimxg| cwZ eQi evsjv`k KuvPv Pvgov I PvgovRvZ è we`k ivwb Ki eQi KqKk KvwU
UvKv Avq Ki| KuvPv Pvgovi Zzjbvq Pvgov _K Zwi wewfb aibi ev, ev`h, Ljbv, RyZv,
myUKm, RvKU BZvw` mwLb è ivwbZ jvf nq AbK ewk| wek evRvi evsjv`ki evK
ej QvMji gvsmi ek Kì iqQ| ZvQvov B`vwbs cvKURvZ Mii gvsmI we`k ivwb
nQ| GQvovI Mevw` cvwYi DcRvZ è _K wewfb aibi ivwbhvM èmvgMx Zwi Ki Zv
we`k ivwb Ki cPzi e`wkK gy`v ARb Kivi myhvM iqQ| hgb:
nvo, wks I zi _K wRjvwUb, AvVv, Mnbv, wPibx, evZvg, QvZv, I Qywii evU BZvw` Zwi
Ki| cvwYi z`v _K mvwRKvj myZv, Uwbm ivKU I wgDwRKvj ws BZvw` Zwi
Ki|
i _K KvjvRb Zwi nq| GQvov i cwqvRvZ Ki nuvm-gyiwM I cvwY Lv` Zwi Kiv me|
AMvkq _K Bbmywjb Ges GWbvj Mw _K Jla Zwi Ki|
Pwe _K gvgevwZ, wMmvwib, mvevb, jyweKwUs Zj, wmb_wUK ivevi BZvw` Zwi Ki|
cvwYi Pzj _K evk, Kwg Pzj BZvw` Zwi Ki|
`vwi` nvm I AvZKgmsvb Mevw` cvwYi iZ t evsjv`ki eZgvb RbmsLvi cvq 60% `vwi`
mxgvi wbP evm Ki| RbmsLvi G wekvj Aski `wi`Zv evcK wkvqbi gvag `~ixKiY me
bq| KvRB ^ cyuwR wewbqvM QvMj I fov cvjb Ki hgb `wi`Zv nvm Kiv hvq Zgwb
AvKgmsvbiI myhvM mw Kiv hvq| Mvgi Mwie `y gwnjv, eKvi hyeK, zji Qv-Qvxiv
mnRB `y-PviwU QvMj ev fov cvjb KiZ cvi| AbK GKwU msKi RvZi `yavj Mvfx cvjb Ki
ev Mi gvUvZvRv Ki AvKgmsvbi eev KiZ cvi| GQvovI wewfb mnhvMx wki ev Kgi
gvag AvKgmsvbi myhvM mw Kiv hvq| hgb -
MvgxY cwienb, nvj Pvl I dmj gvovBq Mevw` cvwYK eenvi Ki|
mivmwi Zij `ya msMn Ki Zv evRvi wew Ki Ges `yRvZ è hgb `B, wgw, wN, Qvbv
BZvw` Zwi Ki| cvwY RevB Ki gvsm wewi gvag|
RevBKZ cvwYi Pvgov q weqi gvag| cvwY Pwe _K mvevb Drcv`bi gvag|
KuvPv Pvgov _K j`vi Zwi Ki wewfb aibi RyZv, myUKm, e BZvw` Zwi Ki|
AbK `yt gwnjv c_-NvU evRvi _K Mvei msMn Ki wKq Rvjvwb wnme wew Ki|
AbK KlKi wbKU _K mivmwi Mi, gwnl, QvMj I fov wKb nvU-evRvi wew Ki|
14.2 gvbyli Lv` I cyw Pvwn`vq Mevw` cvwYi f~wgKv

kixii qc~iY, ew mvab I kixi MVbi Rb Avwgl RvZxq Lvì cqvRb| `ya I gvsm Avwgl
RvZxq Lv` hv Avgiv Mevw` cvwY _K cq _vwK| gvbyl ev cvwYi `ni mwVK ewi Rb hme
AwZ cqvRbxq AvgvBbv AvwmW ìKvi Zvi mejvmn `yai Avwgl Abvb AvgvBbv AvwmWI
cvIqv hvq| Dw` Avwgl jvBwmb, wgw_Iwbb I wmmwUbi Afve iqQ weavq evPvì myyfve ewi
Rb wbqwgZ `ya cvb Kivbv DwPZ| GKBfve `yai PweZ AwZ cqvRbxq dvwU AvwmWmn me
aibi dvwU AvwmW jv cvIqv hvq| Avgvì `k `yai Rb Mi I gwnl cwm| Ze QvMj
_KI `ya `vnb Kiv nq| evsjv`k `ya I `yaRvZ è LyeB Rbwcq| mivmwi Zij `ya wew Ki
e jvK RxweKv wbevn Ki| ZvQvov wewfb aibi `yRvZ cY hgb `B, wgw, wN, gvLb, cwbi,
KK, wezU BZvw` my^v`y Lvevi Zwi KiI AbK RxweKv wbevn Ki| PKvjU I wgw Zwi
Ki we`k ivwbi gvag e`wkK gy`v ARb Kiv hvq| GQvov cvwievwiK chvq wi, cvqm,
wdiwb I wewfb aibi wcVv Zwi Ki cvwievwiK cqvRb, AvwZ_qZv I wewfb Abyvb ZvrwYK
cqvRb gUvZ Gme `yRvZ è GLbI mgv`Z|
Avw`Kvj _KB cvwYi gvsm gvbyli Lv` wnme eeZ nq AvmQ| gvsmi ^v` I cywgvbi Rb
GLbI G Lv`wU Rbwcq| gvsm GKwU DrK gvbi Avwgl RvZxq Lv` hv `ni qc~iY, ewmvab
I `n MVb mnvqZv Ki| gvsm w`q bvbv aibi gRv`vi Lv` hgb evMvi, Pc, Kveve, KvUjU,
iv BZvw` Zwi Kiv nq| Avgvì `k Mi I Lvwmi gvsm LyeB Rbwcq| evK ej QvMji
gvsm AwZ DbZ gvbi| mviv wek hvi wekl Kì iqQ| gvsm QvovI cvwYi hKZ, cxnv, rwc,
dzmdzm, gMR bvwofyuwo Lv` wnmve eeZ nq| GQvovI gvbyli LvIqvi AhvM Ask cvwY Lv`
wnme eeZ nq|
gvbyli cyw Pvwn`vq `yai f~wgKv

`yai Pwe I wPwb t `yPwe I wPwb Kveb, nvBWvRb I AwRb Gi wewfb AbycvZ viv MwVZ| Giv
cavbZ kixi Zvc I kw c`vb Ki| Pwe I wPwb `yai ga chv I Dchy AbycvZ we`gvb Ges
`yai ga Ggb Aevq _vK hv mnR nRg I kvwlZ nq|
`yai cvwUb t cvwUb AwRb, nvBWvRb, Kveb, bvBUvRb, mvjdvi I dmdivm viv MwVZ
hM| Giv cavbZ bZyb Kjv MVb Ki I cyivZb Kjvmg~ni givgZ Ki| GQvov UbWb, Pzj, zi,
i BZvw` Zwi Ki| `ya we`gvb cvwUb nj KwRb I Avjeywgb| hnZz cqvRbxq mKj
AvgvBbv AvwmW `y KwRb we`gvb _vK mnZz KwRbB nj m~Y cvwUb ev AwZ ` cvwUb
bvg cwiwPZ| `y cvwUbi 98% kixi KZK MnxZ nq| wUcUvdb I jvBwmb Gi GKwU iZcY~
Drm nj `y cvwUb | G mg AvgvBbv AvwmW Dw` cvwUb _vK bv| kvixwiK ewZ AZ
`Zvi KviY `y cvwUbK ` cvwUbB ejv nq bv eis g~jevb cvwUbI ejv nq| kvKmewR, iwU
I Abvb Dw`RvZ Lv` h mg cvwUb _vK bv `y cvwUb m mg cvwUb mieivn Ki _vK|
`y cvwUb mKj cKvi AvgvBbv AvwmW we`gvb _vK|
mviYx 14.1 t wewfb cRvwZi `yai cywgvb
cRvwZ cvwUb (%) mn c`v_ (%) jvKUvR (%) LwbR c`v_ (%)
gvbyl 2.01 3.74 6.37 0.30
Mvfx 3.58 3.90 5.10 0.70
fox 3.15 6.18 4.17 0.93
QvMx 3.76 4.07 4.64 0.85
DU 4.00 3.07 5.59 0.77
gwnl 4.37 7.65 4.82 0.94
Drmt `ywevb, Wvt gvt Avyj nvwg` wgTv
`yai kKiv t jvKUvR Ggb GKwU kKiv hv Kej `ya cvIqv hvq| jvKUvR Kvjwmqvg
AvxKiY Ges `n cqvRbxq kw Drcv`b mnvqZv Ki|
`yai LwbR è t Kvjwmqvg, dmdivm, gvMbwmqvg, mvwWqvg, Kvwib, gvvwbR cfwZ LwbR
c`v_ `ya we`gvb| Giv ùvZ I nvo MVb Ki Ges Abvb Lv`vcv`vb cwicvK mvnvh Ki|
`yai wfUvwgb t kixi wewfb A cZ Kvhg ivLZ Ges kvixwiK ew, cyw c`vb I cRbb
gZvi Rb Giv AZ ZcY~ | h Kvb m~Y Lv` Abvb Lv`vcv`vbi mv_ Giv Dchy
AbycvZ we`gvb _vK| gvbyli kixii Rb cqvRbxq wfUvwgb `ya we`gvb _vK|
`yai cvwb t `ya chv cwigvY (87%) cvwb we`gvb hv kixii Rb AZvekK| mevcwi Abvb
cyw mg Lvì Zzjbvq `ya DP cywgvb mb nIqv mI `vg mv| myZivs mvweK weePbvq
`yaK Av`k Lv` wnme AvLv Ìqv hvq|
gvbyli cyw Pvwn`vq gvsmi f~wgKv
gvsm DPgvb mb mnRcvP cywi Drm| GZ wewfb cyw mvgvevq AvQ| cwZw`b Lvevi 100
Mvg ivbv gvsm mieivn Kij w`bi cqvRbxq Avwgl cvIqv hvq Ges cvq 200 Kvjwi kw cvIqv
hvq|
(1) Avwgl t gvsm Acwinvh AvgvBbv AvwmWi cwigvY viv Avwgli cywi gvb avh Kiv nq|
cixv Ki `Lv MQ h, Lv` ZvwjKvq hw` chv cwigvY gvsm mieivn Kiv nq ZLb Gi Avwgl
Ab Kvb cwZvcbvi Avwgl QvovB eab I kixi ewZ KvR PvjvZ cvi| Ab GK cixvq `Lv
MQ h, c~Yeq ewi Lvevi hw` ay gvsmB Avwgli Drm nq ZeyI Zvnvi Rxebhvcb ^vfvweK
nq| c~Yeq gvbyli h cwigvY bvBUvRb _vKv DwPZ Zv c~iY Kivi Rb gvsm chv cwigvY
AvekKxq AvgvBbv AvwmW AvQ| ivbv Kivi dj Lye A cwigvY AvgvBbv AvwmW wZ nq|
mviYx 14.2 t wewfb cRvwZi gvsmi cywgvb

cyw Dcv`vb Mi QvMj fov gwnl
cvwb (%) 74 74 75 79
Avwgl (%) 22 22 21 19
Pwe (%) 3 3 3 1
LwbR (%) 1 1 1 1
wfUvwgb G (wg.Mvg/100 Mvg) 20 10 10 --
wfUvwgb wm (gvBv Mvg/100 Mvg) 1500 -- 1000 --
wfUvwgb B (wg. Mvg/100 Mvg) 400 500 500 --
Drmt fov cvjb gvbyqvj, grm I cvwYm` Awaì
(2) gvsmi kKiv t gvsmi h kKiv _vK g~jZ MvBKvRb| Bnv cavbZt hKZ mwZ _vK|
`ni mwZ MvBKvRb AaK _vK hKZ Ges evwK AaK _vK gvsm I i|
(3) gvsmi Pwe t wewfb cRvwZi PweZ wewfb iKg cwj m dvwU AvwmW _vK hv gvbe`ni
Acwinvh dvwU AvwmWi cqvRbxqZv c~iY Ki| PweZ èYxq wfUvwgb hgb G, wW, B Ges K Gi
evnK Ges `veK wnmve KvR Ki| GKB cvwYi A_ev GKB UzKivi wewfb iKg Ask Pwei cwigvY
wewfb nq| gvsmi Pwe mnPcvP Ges 50% kw mieivn KiZ cvi| GQvov Pwe gvsmi ^v` I M
ew Ki|
(4) gvsmi LwbR c`v_ t gvsmi LwbRi Dci cixv PvjvZ Mj Kvjwmqvg, dmdivm, Avqib,
mvwWqvg, cUvwkqvg Ges gvMbwmqvg weklfve `w AvKlY Ki| gvsm Vvv Kij ev cwqvRvZ
Kij LwbR Gi YvY ev cwigvYi wekl Kvb cwieZb nq bv| fvj cywi mv_ h mKj LwbR
c`v_ _vK ev _vKv cqvRb Zvi meB gvsm we`gvb| gvsm jni GKwU Dg Drm hv jvwnZ i
Zwi KiZ mvnvh Ki|
14.3 evsjv`k Mevw` cvwYi Dbqb Aivq mg~n I mve cwZKvi
Aivq mg~n
1. mviv `k DbZ RvZi DP-Drcv`bkxj Mevw` cvwYi AcZzjZv Ges cRbb Kgm~Pxi
mxgveZv|
2. Mevw` cvwYi cyw I Lvì wbggvb I DP g~j cvi Mvg `yai wbg g~j|
3. cvwYi cyw mgmv mgvavbi j wbfihvM km ivcb eevi AbycwwZ|
4. Mevw` cvwYi ivM wbYq, wPwKrmv I ivM `gb Kvhgi mxgveZv|
5. Jla I wUKvi AchvZv, wbg KvhKvwiZv Ges f` DP g~j|
6. cvwY nvmcvZvj I DcRjv cvwYm` Dbqb Kì mev Kgm~Pxi/Kvhgi mxgveZv|
7. cvwYm` Drcv`b Ges Lvgvi wk DbqbgyLx mcmviY Ges hyMvchvMx mcmviY
bxwZgvjvi Afve|
8. wbggvb mb ov`yai Aeva Avg`vbx Ges `k Drcvw`Z `ya I Abvb cvwYm` RvZ
cYi mycwiKwZ Ges Dchy wecbb cwieki AbycwwZ|
9. MelYv, wkv I mcmviY GK Acii mv_ mg^qi Afve I chyw nvi
RwUjZv|
10. cuywR mieivni RwUjZv Ges evRviRvZKiYi mxgveZv I D`vvì ccvlKZvi
Afve|
11. cvwYm` Dc-LvZi Rb h_vh_ WvUv-eR I Z_ cevni Afve|
12. ci GjvKvq Mevw` cvwYi Lvgvi vcb AvBbMZ cwZeKZv|
13. Re Kwl evevqb gnj wekli Abxnv Ges cqvRbxq Rb mPZbZvi Afve|
14. `y Drcv`b GjvKv mg~n `yRvZcY cwqvKiY eevi Afve|
15. cvwYm` Dbqbi j Dchy FY eevi Afve|
16. cvwYì Rb exgv eev bB|
17. cvwY eRi DchvMx icvi eevi Afve|
mve cwZKvi
1. RvZxq I Rjv chvq Wqvix wk gvwjK mwgwZ MVb|
2. ewLvZ I mgevq eevq `y Drcv`b GjvKvmg~n `y msMn gRy`KiY Ges weZiYi
KviLvbv Ges wngvwqZKiY KviLvbv vcb|
3. DP g~j wbaviY Ki ov`ya Avg`vbx wbirmvwnZKiY|
4. gvV chvq DbZ cvwY wPwKrmv I DbZ ivM wbicY eev MnY|
5. gvV chvq meaibi Jla I wUKv cvw wbwZ KiY|
6. ^Kvjxb Ges ^my` FY c`vbi gvag Wqvix wki DbwZ mvab|
7. mewbg wcwgqvg Mevw` cvwYi exgv eev KvhKi KiZ ne|
8. cvwYm` Awaìi wbqYvaxb Z_ ì vcb Ki cvwYm` wk cwZvb mg~n Z_
wbfi Rixc KiZ ne|
9. ^v mev Ges Kwg cRbb eev Dbqbi Rb cqvRbxq eev Mnb|
10. Wqvix Aj vcb Ki kni I kniZjx Ajmg~n Lo/Nvm Gi Avev`, Ges mgevq
wfwK wecbb eevi gvag `y I `yRvZ cYi evRviRvZKiY|
11. `y I `yRvZ cYvw`, ZvRv Lv`, wfUvwgbm I Lv` myiKi gvb wbqYi eev `ki
cwZwU iZcY~ Aj vwcZ nZ ne| cbvw` wecbbc~e gvb mwKZ mb`c Mnb
evaZvg~jK KiZ ne|
12. `yBwU g~j KwlcYI gaeZx mgq cvwYLvì DchvMx Ab KwlcYI Pvl Kiv|
13. vbxq cimfv I knivjxq cimfv mg~nK RevBLvbv vcb Ki cvwYeR msMni
eev wbZ ne| Gfve msMnxZ eR icvi KviLvbvq cvwVq DchvMx cY icvwiZ
KiZ ne hgb cvwUb KbmbUU, wgU I evb wgj BZw`|
gwWDj-15 t
Mevw` cvwYi bvgKiY I RvZ cwiwPwZ
15.1.1 Mevw` cvwYi bvgKiY
Mevw` cvwYi eqm I wj f` GKB cvwYi wewfb bvgKiY Kiv nqQ| G aibi bvgKiY Mi I
gwnli wbg Ìqv njv|
Mi t Mi ejZ x cyil Dfq wji Mv - RvwZK eySvq|

luvo t cRbbg cyil MiK eySvq|
Mvfx t AZt GKevi evPv cmeKvix x MiK eySvq|
ej` t cRbb kw iwnZ cyil RvZxq MiK eySvq|
eKbv t cvq 1 eQi eqm _K c_g evPv nIqvi c~e ch mgqi x MiK eySvq|
evQzi t Mvfxi x/ cyil Dfq evPvK eySvq|
Guo evQzi t GK eQii Kg eqmx cyil evQziK eySvq|
eKbv evQzi t GK eQii Kg eqmx x evQziK eySvq|
Bqviwjs luvo t 1-2 eQi eq luvo evQziK eySvq|
vW luvo t cRbbi Rb iwZ cv eq luvo|
wed t Mii gvsmK wed ej|
gwnl t x-cyil Dfq gwnlK eySvq|

evdvjv Kvd t gwnli beRvZK|
evdvjv eyj Kvd t gwnli Acv eq Guo evQzi|
evdvjv nBdvi Kvd t gwnli Acv eq eKbv evQyi|
wm evdvjvt Mvfx gwnlK eySvq|
evdvjv eyjt cRbbg cv eq gwnl luvo|
evdvjv eyjKt LuvRv Kiv ev cRbb gZv iwnZ c~Y eq cyil gwnlK eySvq|
15.1.2 wewfb RvZ

RvZ ejZ Ggb GKwU wekl cvwY ev cvLxi `j ev MvK eySvq hvì Drcwj GKB Ges hvì
KZwj mywbw` I ^Z ewk we`gvb hjv esk ciivq PjZ _vK Ges H cRvwZi Ab
cvwYi ga G ewk `Lv hvq|
Dbqbkxj `k wnmve evsjv`k Kvb LuvwU RvZ bB| GKgv iW wPUvMvsK RvZ wnmve aiv nq|
`ya Drcv`b I Abvb KvhKvixZvi Dci wfw Ki Mii DjLhvM RvZmg~n

K. `yavj RvZ t njBb wdwRqvb, Rvwm, evDb myBm,qiw, kvnxIqvj, wmw BZvw`|
L. gvsmj RvZ t exdgvvi, mUnb, evngvb, AvsMvm, WeY BZvw`|
M. kgkxj RvZ t AgZgnj, gvjfx, wmwi, K fwj, avbx BZvw`|
N. wwea Dk t ( `ya I gvsm Drcv`bKvix) RvZ hgb- nvwiqvbv, _vicviKvi, iW cvj BZvw`|
gwnli DjLhvM RvZmg~n
MncvwjZ gwnl `yB cKvi| h_v -

(K) b`x gwnl t 1. RivU `jfy gwnl t myivwU, Rvdivevw`, gnmvbv
2. gyiivn `jfy gwnl t gyiivn, wbwj-ivwf, Kzw
3. Di fviZxq gwnl t fv`vIqvwi, UivB
4. ga fviZxq gwnl t bvMcywi, cvìcywi, gv, m^jcywi
5. `wY fviZxq gwnl t UvWv, `wY Kvbviv
(L) Rjvf~wgi gwnl t KvqvKvgI KvqvBUzB, KvqvBc, jvj gwnl, gvwiW|
15.2 Mevw` cvwYi `wnK MVb I wewfb Aski bvg|

1. gyL, 2. bvKi wQ` 3. PvL
4. Kcvj 5. wks 6. cvj
7. Kvb 8. Mjv 9. KuyR
10. wkoùvov 11. wcV 12.
13. e 14. MjK^j 15. eyKi cvk
16. cuvRi 17. dv( cUi cvk) 18. KwU
19. zc 20. jRi Mvov 21. wcb nvo
22. cvQvi nvo 23. evUK (Kvgii nvoi mwj) 24. Di
25. vBdj RqU 26. Ijvb 27. euvU
28. nK RqU 29. jRi Pyj 30. bvwf
31. `ywkiv 32. wcQbi zi (wWD-K) 33. zi
34. KbyBqi mw 35. cvvb RqU 36. dUjK
37. Kvbb nvo 38. nuvUz 39.MjKji wbPi
40. KuyRi cvki nvo( DB`vi) 41. Pvqvj nvo (wemKU)
wP 15.1t Mevw` cvwYi `wnK MVb I wewfb Aski bvg

15.3 `kx RvZi Mii ewk
Avgvì `k AwaKvsk MiB `kx RvZi| Giv AvKvi QvU nq| GKwU cveq Mii IRb Mo
150 KwR nq _vK| `kx RvZi Mii Ku~R DuPz nq| GKwU `kx RvZi Mvfx nZ `wbK 1-3
wjUvi `ya cvIqv hvq| Gì KvR Kivi gZv Kg| `kx RvZi Mii ga PMvg GjvKvi jvj
PMvg(iW wPUvMvs) bvgi Mi AvQ| cvebv, wmivRM, gvwbKM, gywM, dwi`cyi Ges XvKvi
wKQz GjvKvq `kx RvZi Mi AvQ hjv AvKvi wKQz eo nq Ges Gjv _K wKQz ekx `ya
cvIqv hvq| `kx RvZi eKbv c_g evPv w`Z 3.5-4 eQi mgq jvM|
wP 15.2t `kx RvZi Mi(iW wPUvMvs)
15.4 we`kx RvZi Mii ewk

we`kx RvZi Mii ga Rvwm, njwb wdwRqvb, qbwm, evDb myBm, Avqvikvqvi cfwZ
DjLhvM| evsjv`k Rvwm Ges wdwRqvb RvZi Mi Avg`vwb Ki cRbbi KvR eenvi Kiv
nQ|
Rvwm t BDivci Pvbj xccy Rvwm Mvfxi Drcwj| BDivc I AvgwiKvmn cw_exi e `k
GLbI GRvZi Mi cvIqv hvq| DbZ RvZi we`kx `yavjv Mvfxi ga Rvwmi AvKvi mePq
QvU| GKwU Mvfxi IRb 300-400 KwR Ges GKwU luvoi IRb 600-700 KwR nq _vK|
Rvwmi Mvqi is wdK jvj Ges Mvp ev`vgx nq| gv_v j^v,Gì KzuR nq bv, dj wki`vov mvRv
nq| kixi g` Kg _vK| G RvZi Mi A mgq eqtcv nq Ges `xN mgq ai evPv I `ya
`q| Rbi mgq Rvwm RvZi evPv `yej I QvU nq Ges IRbI Kg nq| GKwU Mvfx nZ eQi
4000-4500 KwR `ya cvIqv hvq| `ya Pwei cwigvY 5%|
wP 15.3 Rvwm RvZi Mvfx

wdwRqvb t G RvZi Mii ewk Giv AvKvi AbK eo nq| Gì KuR ~ DuPz nq bv| Gì Mvqi is
mvaviYZ mv`v-Kvjv wgkvbv nq| GKwU Mvfxi IRb 500-600 KwR GgbwK AviI ekx nq
_vK| GKwU luvoi IRb 800-900 KwR nq _vK| Giv AbK ekx `ya `q| GKwU Mvfx w`b
40 wjUvi ch `ya `q Ges evPv `qvi ci _K cieZx evPv c`vb ch GKUvbv `ya w`q _vK|
Gì _K gvsmI ekx cvIqv hvq| G RvZi eKbv A eqm A_vr cvq 2.5 eQi eqm c_g evPv
`q Ges cwZ eQi evPv `q| Rbi mgq evPvi IRb 30-40 KwR nq _vK| `ya Pwe cwigvY
4-4.5%|
wP 15.4 t wdwRqvb RvZi Mvfx
15.5 msKi RvZi Mii ewk

DbZ msKi RvZi Mi cvjb Avgvì `ki AvenvIqv DchvMx| ZvB Avgvì `k msKi RvZi
Mi Drcv`bi cwZ ekx iZ `qv nQ| GK RvZi luvoi mv_ Ab RvZi eKbv ev Mvfxi
wgkY h evPv nq mUvB msKi RvZi Mi| Avgvì `k `yaibi msKi RvZi Mi Drcv`b Kiv
nq _vK, hgb-wdwRqvb luvoi mv_ kvnxIqvj eKbv ev Mvfxi wgkY Ges wdwRqvb luvoi mv_
`kx eKbv ev Mvfxi wgkY|
wP 15.5 t msKi RvZi Mvfx
ewk t Giv `kx Mi nZ AvKvi AbK eo nq| GKwU Mvfxi IRb 300-400 KwR Ges GKwU
luvoi IRb 500-600 KwR nq _vK| Giv `kx Mvfx nZ AbK ekx `ya `q| GKwU msKi
RvZi Mvfx nZ `wbK 20 - 25 wjUvi `ya cvIqv hvq| Gì _K gvsmI ekx cvIqv hvq| Giv
`kx Mi Acv ekx KvR KiZ cvi| G RvZi Mii eqtcvwKvj `kx Mii Pq AvM nq Ges
c_g evPv c`vbI AvM nq|
15.6 evsjv`ki AvenvIqv DchvMx Mevw` cvwY
fviZ I cvwKvbi Mi evsjv`ki AvenvIqvq cvjbi DchvMx| eZgvb Avgvì `ki wewfb
`y Lvgvi kvnxIqvj, wmw, njBb wdwRqvb Ges msKi RvZi Mi cvjb Ki| evsjv`ki
kvnRvZcyi, cvebv, gyw, gv`vwicyi Ges PMvg GjvKvq DbZgvbi Mevw` cvwY iqQ| G
GjvKvjvZ AwaK cwigvY `ya Drcb nq| G mg Mevw` cvwY `ki mvaviY cvwY Acv DbZ|
evsjv`kx bq wK Avgvì `ki AvenvIqv DchvMx KqwU DbZ RvZi cvwYi eYbv wbP EjL
Kiv njv|
1| kvnxIqvj
Drcwj t kvnxIqvji Gi Aci bvg gMvivgx| cvwKvbi cvve c`ki gMvivgx Rjvq Gi
Avw` evmvb| evsjv`k mn fviZ Dcgnv`ki miv `ya Drcv`bKvix Mvfx kvnxIqvj|
ewk t Giv mvaviYZ nvjKv jvj is Gi nq _vK| Gì kixi Lye gvUv-mvUv, cv LvUv, Kcvj
PIov, wks eU I gvUv, MjK^j eo I Szjvbv, luvoi KuyR DuPz I gvUv Ges jR Lye j^v cvq gvwU
k Ki| GKUv c~Y eq Mvfxi IRb cvq 450-550 KwR Ges luvoi IRb cvq 600-
1000KwR| Mvfxi Ijvb Lye eo Ges cvqB Szj _vK| RbKvj evQzii IRb22-28 KwR|
wP 15.6 t kvnxIqvj luvo

DcKvwiZv t G RvZUv Avgvì `k `ya Drcv`bi miv wnmve weewPZ| `ya Drcv`b gZv
eQi 3000-4000 wjUvi| `ya Pwei cwigvY Mo 4.5%| GK Kvjxb 280 w`b `yeZx _vK| ej`
I luvo lvaviYZt axi I Ajm cKwZi|
2| jvjwmw
Drcwj t cvwKvb wmy c`ki KivPx I nvq`vivev` Aj G RvZi Avw` evmvb|
ewk t Gì AvKvi gvSvwi aibi, is UKUK jvj, Kvb Kvb mgq KvjP jvjI nq| Gì wks,
Mj-K^j I Ku~R eo| GKUv Mvfx cvq 350-400 KwR I luvo cvq 425-500 KwR IRbi nq|
RbKvj evQzii IRb 21-24 KwR|
wP 15.7t wmw Mvfx

DcKvwiZv t Gì Drcv`b eQi Mo cvq 2000 KwR| `ya Pwei cwigvY Mo 5%| ej` ev luvo
viv MvoxUvbv I nvjPvl fvjfve Kiv hvq| AvKvi gvSvwi ejG RvZK AbKB ek cQ` Ki
_vK|
3| nwiqvbv
Drcwj t fviZi c~e cvve Gi Avw` evmvb| eZgvb mviv fviZ Ges cw_exi AbK `k G
RvZ wevi jvf KiQ|
ewk t nwiqvbv `LjB gb nq AZwaK cwikgx I kwkvjx| Gì `n eo, is mv`v ev nvjKv
a~mi, wks eo Ges cv j^v, gv_v ek j^v I AcvKZ mi| Mvfxi IRb cvq 400-500 KwR Ges
luvoi IRb cvq 600-1100 KwR| RbKvj evQzii IRb 22-25 KwR|
wP 15.8 t nwiqvbv luvo

DcKvwiZv t nwiqvbv `ya I cwikg , `yB KvRi RbB cwm| eQi `ya Drcv`b gZv Mo 1500
KwR| `ya Pwei cwigvY Mo 5%| G RvZi Mvfx mvaviYZt cvq 300 w`b `ya `q| Ze G
RvZi `vl njv eKbv mvaviYZt 3-4 eQii c~e Mvfx nq bv|
4| _vicviKvi
Drcwj t cvwKvbi wmy c`ki _vicviKvi Rjv Gì Avw` evmvb|
ewk t _vicviKvi ek kwkvjx Mi| G RvZi Mvfx hgb AwaK cwigvY `ya `q, luvo I
ejì `wnK Mob I Zgb gReyZ| Gì is mv`v, AvKvi gag, wks I KuyR gag AvKvii Ges
Mj K^j gvSvwi AvKvii| Gì GKUv Y A Avnvi wUKZ cvi|
wP 15.9 t _vicviKvi luvo

DcKvwiZv t nvwiqvbvi bvq `yB KvR eenvi nq| Mvfxi `ya Drcv`b gZv eQI Mo cvq 2000
KwR| `ya Pwe cwigvY Mo 5%|
Drmt *Mvfx cvjb MvBW - G. wU. Gg. dRjyj Kvì

*MncvwjZ cvwYcvjb - evsjv`k Db wekwe`vjq
*evQzi, Mvfx I QvMj cvjb - evsjv`k KvwiMwi wkv evW
gwWDj-16 t
Mevw` cvwYi Lv` I Nvm Pvl
Avgvì euP _vKvi Rb hgb Lvì cqvRb Zgwb cvwYì euP _vKvi Rb cvwY Lvì
cqvRb| cvwYiv hme Lv` Lq RxebaviY Ki mme Lv`K cvwYLv` ej| Lv` MnY Ki
cvwYi `n Zvc Drcv`b, qc~iY I ew mvab nq Ges ivM cwZiva gZv I Drcv`b gZv ew
cvq| G KvRjv myzfve mb nIqvi Rb cvwYK wewfb aibi Lv` LvIqvZ nq| KviY wewfb
aibi Lv` cywi cwigvY _vK wewfb aibi| hme cyw Dcv`vb Lv` DcwZ _K cvYx`ni
wewfb KvR mb Ki m Dcv`vbjvK 6wU fvM fvM Kiv nq| cyw Dcv`vbjv nj- cvwb,
kKiv, Avwgl, Pwe, wfUvwgb I LwbR c`v_|
cvYx`ni qc~iY, ew mvab I cvYx _K Drcv`b cZ nj ZvK mylg Lv` mieivn KiZ
ne| mylg Lv` cZi c~eB RvbZ ne Kvb Lv` Kvb aibi cywi cwigvY ewk AvQ Ges H
Lv`jv Kx cwigvY cvwYK mieivn KiZ ne| GRb cvwYLvì kYxwebvm mK cwivi
aviYv _vKZ ne|
16.1 cvwY Lvì kYxwefvM
cvwYi Lv`
Avukhy Lv` ev ivdR `vbv`vi Lv` ev KbmbUU Lv` mnhvMx ev wdW GwWwUfm
Kbv Avukhy Lv` meyR Avukhy Lv` cywMZ (wfUvwgb AcywMZ

mg, LwbR mg (GwUevBwUK
nigb,iK è)
Lo bvov n
(avb I Mg) (avb I Mg) (Lmvix,
gvwUKjvB)
Mv PviY Nvm (`yev, ZvRv Nvm (cviv, jZvcvZv (Rji jZv g~j m`k (wgw cwqvRvZ Nvm ev
cvsMvjv) bwcqvi, `j, Rvgvb) RvZxq MvQcvjv) Avjy, Kvkvfv) mvBjR (fyv, Rvqvi,
bwcqvi Avbvimi gv_v
jZvcvZv)
Lv` km (PvDj, Mg, fyv Lv` kmI DcRvZ DwR cvwUb (ev`vg, cvYxR cvwUb
Rvqvi, Lmvix, (PvDji Kzuov, Mgi mwilv, wZwl I wZji Lj (wdmwgj, evbwgj,
gvwUKjvB) f~wl, Lmvix I I mqvweb Lj) evWwgj I
KjvBqi f~wl) bvwofyuwo)
wP 16.1 cvwYLvì kYxwebvm

16.2 cvYx`n cvwYLvì KvR
cvwb t cvYx`ni `yB-ZZxqvsk cvwb| `n G cvwbi 70% _vK RxeKvl Ges 30% _vK
RxeKvli evBi I i| MelYvq cgvwYZ nqQ h, Re Lv` Qvov GKwU cvwY 100 w`b euvPZ
cvi wK cvwb Qvov 10 w`bi ewk euP _vKZ cvi bv| GKwU cvwY Lvevi cvwb QvovI mvaviYZt
meyR Nvmi gvag
70%, LoRvZxq Lv` 15% Ges `vbv`vi Lvì gvag 10% cvwb cq _vK| Avevi gj, g~,
Nvm I ckvmi gvag cvwYi `n _K cvwb ei nq hvq|
cvYx`n cvwbi wKQy iZcY~ KvR

* cvwb wewfbfve `ni Zvcgvv wbqY Ki| hgb- `ni AwZwi Zvc kvlY Ki, `ni Zvc
mwKvix A _K Zvc cwienb Ki `ni me Qwoq w`q A_ev gj, g~ I Nvgi mvnvh Zvc
ei Ki `q|
* kixii Rb wZKi I wecvKxq eR c`v_ wbvkb Ki|
* `ni wbw` vb cyw Dcv`vb cuQ `q| nigvb I GbRvBgi KvhKvwiZvq mnvqZv Ki|
* `n AwfmeYxq Pvc I A vii mgZv eRvqmn wewfb wqv-wewqvq gyL f~wgKv cvjb Ki|
* `n Kvli MVb, AvKwZ I wwZwvcKZv eRvq ivL|
* wUmy I dzmdzmi Mvmxq wewbgq iZcY~ f~wgKv ivL|
kKiv ev KvevnvBWU t Kveb, nvBWvRb I AwRb wbq kKiv MwVZ| hwÌ cvYx`ni 1%
kKiv ZeyI Gi Afve cvYxi Rxeb wecb nq co| KviY kKiv `n Zvckw I Kgkw Drcv`b
mnvqZv Ki| Dwì ewki fvM mjyjvR hv Lq cvwYiv kKiv RvZxq Lvì Pvwn`v gUvq|
AwZwi kKiv `n Pwe wnme Rgv nq|
kKiv ev KvevnvBWU-Gi KvR

* kKiv njv `nPwe I `yPwei Drm| kKivi cavb KvR njv cvYx`n kw mieivn Kiv|
* Pwe I Avwgl cvYx`n KvR jvMvZ kKiv mnvqZv Ki| AwZwi kKiv `n Pwe wnme Rgv nq
Ges Lv` kKivi NvUwZ _vKj G RgvKZ Pwe _K cvwY kw cq _vK|
* kKiv `n wewfb cKvi Re msklYi m~cvZ NUvq| hgb dvwU AvwmW I AvgvBbv AvwmW
Zwi Ki| kKiv cvYx`ni AbK Re Dcv`vbi MvVwbK Dcv`vb wnme Ae`vb ivL|
Avwgl ev cvwUb t Avwgl GKwU RwUj Re hM hv mvaviYZt Kveb, nvBWvRb, AwRb I

bvBUvRb wbq MwVZ| cvwUbi GKKK AvgvBbv AvwmW ej| mvaviYZt 20wU AvgvBbv
AvwmW viv cvwUb AYy MwVZ nq|
Avwgl I cvwUbi KvR
* `ni MVb, q c~iY I ewmvab Ki|
* `ni i, ckx I mshvMKjvi cavb AskB cvwUb viv MwVZ|
* evPv I MfeZx cvwYZ cvwUb mwZ _vK Ges cqvRbxq KvR eeZ nq|
* `ya Drcv`b eeZ nq I `y cvwUb Zwi Ki|
* wewfb aibi nigvb, GbRvBg I GwUewW ZwiZ mnvqZv Ki|
* kKivi gZ cvwUb _KI kw cvIqv hvq|
* cRbb, Drcv`b, kixi my I ^vfvweK _vKvi Rb Acwinvh|
Pwe ev dvU t Pwe ev dvU njv dvwU AvwmW I wMmviji mg^q MwVZ GKwU Re hM| Pwe ev
dvU Kveb, nvBWvRb I AwRb-Gi mg^q MwVZ| Ze kKivi Zzjbvq dvU-G Kveb I
nvBWvRbi cwigvY ewk _vK| Kvebi cwigvY ekx _vK ej dvU kKivi Zzjbvq cvq 2.5 Y
ewk kw `q|
Pwe ev dvU Gi KvR

* cvYx`n Pwe mwZ kw wnme Rgv _vK| `ni kwi Afve `Lv w`j Pwe f kw Drcb
nq|
* `ni wewfb iZcY~ AK AvNvZ _K iv Ki|
* PweZ èYxq wfUvwgb kvlY mvnvh Ki|
* Pwe KvevnvBWUi Zzjbvq cvq 2.5 Y ewk kw mieivn Ki|
* cRbbZ wewfb nigvb RvZxq c`v_i wcKimi wnme KvR Ki|
* dvwU AvwmW I Avgvwbqv _K hKZ wKQy AvgvBbv AvwmW mskwlZ nq|
* Lvì ^v` ew Ki|
* ckgi Dci Pwei AviY _vK weavq cwiwgZ Pwe kixi myì I mZR ivL|
Lv`cvY ev wfUvwgb t wfUvwgb ev Lv`cvY GK aibi RehM hv cvYx`ni ^vfvweK ew Ges

iYveYi Rb Lye A cwigvY cqvRb nq| hwÌ wfUvwgb `ni Kvb MvVwbK Dcv`vb bq
GgbwK kwI mieivn KiZ cvi bv ZeyI Abvb cyw Dcv`vbi cvkvcvwk Lv` wfUvwgb bv _vKj
cvwYi Rxeb wecb nq coe| èYxqZvi Dci wbfi Ki wfUvwgbK 2 fvM fvM Kiv hvq| hgb -
PweZ èYxq wfUvwgb (G, wW, B, K) Ges cvwbZ èYxq wfUvwgb ( we1, we2, we3, we6, we9, we12,
wfUvwgb wm Ges evqvwUb) wewfb aibi Lv`cvY cvwYi kixi wewfb iZcY~ f~wgKv cvjb Ki
_vK|
Lv`cvYi mvaviY KvR mg~n-

* kixii wewfb wecvKxq KvR mgvav Ki|
* cRbb KvR iZcY~ f~wgKv cvjb Ki|
* PvLi `wkw ^vfvweK ivL|
* nvo MVb mnvqZv Ki|
* kixi my I ^vfvweK Rxeb hvcbi Rb Lv`cvY Acwinvh|
LwbR è t h mg ARe c`v_ cvYx`ni ^vfvweK Kvhvewj myzfve mb Kivi Rb LyeB

mvgvb cwigvY ìKvi nq wK LyeB cqvRbxq Ges AwaKvsk B hvì Afve `Lv w`j
KZjv wbw` ivMi jY `Lv hvq ZvìK LwbR c`v_ ej| Kvb Dw` ev cvYx`ni wUmyK
m~Yic cvovbvi ci h Aewk QvB wnmve cvIqv hvq ZvB LwbR c`v_| cvYx`ni cvq 3%
LwbR c`v_ we`gvb| cKwZZ cv LwbR c`v_i ga 16-18 wU cvYx`n ìKvi nq| Gi ga
7wU ( Kvjwmqvg, dmdivm, cUvwkqvg, mvwWqvg, gvMbwkqvg, Kvwib I mvjdvi) ekx cwigvb
ìKvi nq hvì gvv wgbvij ejv nq| GQvovI wKQz wKQz LwbR c`v_ AvQ hv Lye A cwigvY
Lvì gvag mieivn KiZ nq| G aibi LwbR c`v_K gvBv wgbvij ejv nq| hgb-
Avqib, wR, Kcvi, AvqvwWb, Kvev, gwjeWbvg, dywib BZvw`|
wewfb LwbR è cvwYi kixi wewfb iZcY~ f~wgKv cvjb Ki _vK| hgb-
* kixii KvVvgvi AvKvi, kw I mvg_ c`vb Ki|
*kixii MvVwbK Dcv`vbi AbZg DcKiY|
* kixii AZ I viZ wbqY Ki|
* ii AbZg Dcv`vb|
* Lv` nRg GbRvBgi KvR Zivw^Z Ki|
* evPv Drcv`b I `y Drcv`bi Rb AZvekK|
* i RgvU euvaZ mnvqZv Ki|
16.3 Nvm Pvli A_bwZK iZ

Avgvì `k cw_exi mePq Nb emwZ c~Y `k ZvB Lv` km, dj-djvw` I kvK-kw Pvli
Zzjbvq eZgvb A RwgZ ekx Drcv`b cZ nj Kwli iZcY~ DcLvZ cvwYm` LvZK (
Wqix I cvw wk) weKvk NUvbvi ekx cqvRb| gvbe `ni myy weKvk I ^v my ivLZ
hgb gvsm, `ya I wWgi cqvRb wVK Zgwb fve gav I gb weKvki Rb `yai cqvRb| GKRb
gvbyli `wbK `yai Pvwn`v 250 wg.wj.| Avgvì `k gv_v wcQz `yai cvcZv 38 wg.wj.| m
gvZveK eQi gvU `yai cqvRb 122.5 KvwU wjUvi Ges Drcv`b 19.97 KvwU wjUvi| eQi
gvU NvUwZ 83.7%|
evsjv`k eZgvb gvU Mevw` cvwYi msLv 24.22 wgwjqb| Zvi ga `yeZx Mvfxi msLv cvq
6.05 wgwjqb| msLvi w`K _K chv njI Drcv`bi w`K _K AcZzj| eZgvb evsjv`ki
Mvfxi Mo Drcv`b gZv 1.5 wj./`wbK| ksKivqYi gvag RvZ Dbqb Ki cwZwU Mvfxi Mo
Drcv`b gZv 8.00 wj./`wbK KiZ cvij eZgvb Mvfxi msLv vivB NvUwZ c~iY Kiv me| `k
evwc Kwg cRbb Kvhg Pvjy AvQ, GB Kvhg Aviv mcmviY Kivi gvag DbZ RvZi Mvfx
Drcv`b Kiv me| Kwg cRbbi gvag RvZ Dbqb eZgvb h cwZeKZv `Lv w`qQ Zv njv
cvwY Lv` msKU| KviY Kwg cRbbi gvag h evQzi/Mvfx Zix nQ Zvì Lv` Pvwn`v gUvbv
me bv nIqvZ Kwg cRbbi mvweK mdjZv KvswLZ gvvq cvIqv hvQ bv| Mevw` cvwYi Lvì
cavb Drm njv KuvPv Nvm I Lo| eZgvb `k DP djbkxj RvZi avb Pvli dj avb MvQi
DPZv AvMi Zzjbvq 3/4 b Kg | cvkvcvwk QvU avb MvQ AwaK avb Drcv`bi dj Loi
cywgvbI AvMi Zzjbvq Kg MQ| eZgvb avb Pvli cwZ KlKiv SzK covZ iwe gmyg Wvj
RvZxq dmj Pvli cwigvY AvMi Zzjbvq KqK b Kg| dj DP cyw gvb mb Wvj RvZxq
dmji LoI GLb Avi Mevw` cvwYi Lv` wnmve cvIqv hvQ bv| m Rb KuvPv NvmB Mevw`cvwYi
cavb Lv` wnmve eenvi nQ| AvM Nvm Pvli Drm wQj PviY f~wg ev cwZZ Rwg| `ki
RbmsLv ewi KviY ewaZ RbmsLvi Rb emZ evox, ivv-NvU, nvU-evRvi,zj-KjR BZvw`
ZixZ PviY f~wg ev cwZZ Rwg eenvi nQ dj Mevw`cvwYi KuvPv Nvm cvwi Drm GLb Avi bB
ejjB Pj| ZvB A RwgZ ekx Drcv`b cZ DbZ RvZi Nvm Pvli cqvRbxqZv `Lv
w`qQ| DbZ RvZi Nvmi ga bwcqvi, cviv, Rvgvb, Rv^y Nvm Mv-Lv` wnmve fyv, gvwU KjvB,
Lmvix Pvl BZvw` Nvm Pvli cqvRbxqZv `Lv w`qQ|
16.4.1 Mevw` cvwYi Lv` KuvPv Nvm mieivni cqvRbxqZv
Mevw` cvwYK chv KuvPv Nvm mieivn Kij wbg wjwLZ jvf nq|
AwaK `ya cvIqv hvq|
Lv` LiP Kg nq|
my-mej evQzi Rb `q|
Kwg cRbbi mdjZv cvIqv hvq|
mwVK eqm hb cwicZv Avm|
Rbi mgq evPvi gZz nvi LyeB Kg nq|
`vbv`vi Lvì cqvRbxqZv Kg nq dj Drcv`b eq Kg hvq|
Kwg cRbbi gvag h evQzi Rb bq Zvi `wnK IRb KvswLZ gvvq cvIqv hvq|
jvf ekx nq dj KlK Mvfx cvjb DrmvwnZ nq|
DbZ RvZi GKwU Mvfx cvjb Ki QvU GKwU msmvi Pvjbv hvq dj `vwi` wegvPb Kiv
me nq|
ivM-evwa Kg nq dj wPwKrmv LiP LyeB Kg nq|
Jla LiP Kg nq|
Mvfxi gZz nvi LyeB Kg nIqvZ Avw_K wZ nq bv|
`ya Drcv`b ekx nj Mwie KlK `ya weqi cvkvcvwk wbRivI `ya Lq _vK dj
ZvìI ^v my _vK|
GK GKi RwgZ avb Pvl Ki h jvf cvIqv hvq Nvm Pvl Kij Zvi Pq KqK b ekx
jvf cvIqv hvq|
16.4.2 KuvPv Nvm bv LvIqvbvi AcKvwiZv|

`ya Drcv`b Kg nq|
AcywZ fvM dj ivM-evwa ekx nq|
cRbb gZv nvm cvq|
Nb Nb Kwg cRbb KiZ nq|
MfcvZi cwigvY eo hvq|
`~ej I Kg IRbi evQzii Rb nq| dj evQzii gZz nvi eo hvq|
cieZxZ AcywZ fvMvi Kvib evQzii gZz nvi eo hvq|
hb cwicZv `wiZ Avm|
gvsm Drcv`b Kg nq Ges gvsmi bMZ gvb wbggvbi nq|
`~ejZvi KviY ivM-evwa ekx nIqvZ wPwKrmv eq eo hvq Ges Jlai LiPI eo
hvq| ivM nIqvZ Drcv`b Kg hvq dj Avw_K wZ nq|
Kwg cRbbi gvag Rbbv evQzii cieZxZ AvkvwZZ IRb cvIqv hvq bv| dj
Avkvbyic Drcv`bI cvIqv hvq bv|
`vbv`vi Lv` ekx ìKvi nq dj Mvfx cvjbi LiP eo hvq|
16.5 wewfb aibi Nvm Pvl cwZ (bwcqvi, cviv, wMwb, Rvgvb, fyv BZvw`)
bwcqvi Nvm Pvl cwZ
vqx Nvmi ga bwcqvi DjLhvM| evsjv`ki AvenvIqvq bwcqvi Lye fvj nq| KwP Aevq
cywgvb ekx _vK| Mevw` cvwYi Rb bwcqvi AZ Dcv`q I cywKi Lv`|
Pvl cwZ t cvq me iKg gvwUZB nq Ze DuPz I ej-ùvAvk gvwU mePq fvj| Wvev, Rjvf~wg,
cvwb Rg _vK GiKg vb fvj nq bv| RwgZ 4/5wU Pvl w`q AvMvQv eQ wbq Nvmi Kv A_ev
wkKomn gy_v gvwUZ cyuZZ nq|
wP 16.2 t bwcqvi Nvm

ivcY cYvjx I mgq t mvivelv gmygB ivcY Kiv hvq| ekvL-R gvm c_g ewi mgq ivcY
Kij c_g eQiB 3-4 evi KvUv hvq| Kv jvMvbvi mgq Lqvj ivLZ ne hb ivcYKZ Kv
`yBwU wMov _vK| G Nvm mvwie fve jvMvZ nq, GK mvwi nZ Ab mvwii `~iZ 1.5 - 2 dzU I
mvwiZ Pviv _K Pvivi `~iZ 1-1.5 dzU| Pvivi Mvov gvwU w`q k Ki Pvcv w`Z ne| gvwUZ
im bv _vKj Pviv jvMvbvi ci ciB cvwb mPi eev KiZ ne|
mvi cqvM I cvwb mP t elvi mgq mPi cqvRb bB| Pviv jvMvbvi AvM Rwg Zixi GK
2000-2500 KwR Mvei mvi wQwUq fvj Ki gvwUZ wgwkq w`j djb fvj nq| GQvov GKi
cwZ 35 KwR BDwiqv, 26 KwR wU Gm wc I 20 KwR Gg wc Ìqv fvj| cwZevi Nvm KvUvi ci
GKi cwZ 26 KwR BDwiqv w`j djb fvj cvIqv hvq| mvi wQUvbvi c~e `yB mvwii gvSLvb
jvsMj ev Kv`vj w`q gvwU AvjMv Ki w`Z ne|
dmj KvUv I djb t c_g jvMvbvi 40-50 w`b ciB Nvm KU LvIqvbv hZ cvi| Mvovq 2-3
iL Nvm KvUZ ne| eQi 8-10 evi KvUv hvq| GKi cwZ 60,000-65,000 KwR KuvPv Nvm nZ
cvi| cul _K dvyb gvm ch kxZi mgq AvenvIqvi ìb Nvmi djb Kg hvq| Ze
mPi eev _vKj fvj djb cvIqv hZ cvi|
LvIqvbvi wbqg I msiY t Rwg _K KU Gb UzKiv Ki LvIqvbvB Dg| ZvQvov Loi mv_
wgwkqI LvIqvbv hvq| wKq ivLv myweavRbK bq Ze mvBjR Ki msiY Kiv hvq|
cviv Nvm Pvl cwZ
cviv GK cKvi vqx Nvm| GKevi ivcY Kij KqK eQi ch djb cvIqv hvq|
Pvl cwZ t cviv Nvm DuP,z bxPz, Xvjy, Rjve, muvZmZ GgbwK jvbv gvwUZI hLvb AbKvb
dmj nq bv mLvb cviv fvj Rb| Rwg Pvl cwZ bwcqvi Nvmi gZB|
wP 16.3 t cviv Nvm

ivcY cYvjx I mgqt elvi mgq mvwi Ki jvMvZ nq| `yB mvwii gaeZx `~iZ 1.5 dzU| Ze GB
Nvmi mvwi _K mvwiZ KvwUsqi `~iZ Zgb iZcY~ bq| GB Nvmi KvwUs ev gy_v jvMvbv hvq|
mvi cqvM I cvwb mPt Nvm jvMvbvi 2-3 mvn ci GKi cwZ 35KwR BDwiqv w`Z nq| cviv
Nvm cPv Mvei ev Mv-kvjv avqv cPv cvwbZ Lye fvj nq| ivmvqwbK mvii Afve Nvm KvUvi ci
cPv Mvei RwgZ wQwUq w`jI fvj djb cvIqv hvq| cwZevi Nvm KvUvi ci GKi cwZ 30-35
KwR BDwiqv w`j djb ekx nq|
Nvm KvUv I djbt jvMvbvi 40-50 w`b ciB Nvm KU LvIqvbv hvq| ci Aev Abyhvqx 4-7
mvn ci ci Nvm KvUv hve| GKi cwZ eQi Drcv`b 40,000-45,000 KwR| Mvov _K 4-5
iL KvUZ nq|
LvIqvbvi wbqg I msiYt G Nvm gvV Mi Pwoq A_ev KU Gb LvIqvbv hvq| Ze Rwg _K
KU Gb LvIqvbvB fvj| wKq ivLv fvj bq Ze mvBjR Ki ivLv hvq|
wMwb Nvm Pvl cwZ
wMwb Nvm `LZ AbKUv avb MvQi gZ| cviv I bwcqvii Zyjbvq Rjxq fvM Kg Ges Lv`gvb
ekx|
Pvl cwZt wMwb Nvm DuPz I Xvjy RwgZ nq| Rjve muvZmZ Ges bxPz RwgZ fvj nq bv| G Nvm
Qvqvhy vbI nq| RwgZ 4/5 wU Pvl w`q bwcqvii gZ mvwiefve jvMvZ nq|
ivcY cYvjx I mgqt elv gmyg jvMvZ nq Ze ekx ew ev Rjve Aevq Pvivi Mvov cuP
gi hZ cvi| gvwUZ chv im ev mPi eev _vKj Mx c_g ivcY Kij fvj djb
cvIqv hvq| wMwb Nvmi exR ev Kv `yB jvMvbv hvq| mvwie fve jvMvZ nq| `yB mvwii gaeZx
`~iZ 1.5-2 dzU I Pviv _K Pvivi `~iZ 1-1.5 dzU| Kv jvMvbvi mgq Lqvj ivLZ ne hb
Kvi LwZ Ask Kgc `yBwU wMov _vK|
mvi cqvM I cvwb mPt Rwg Zixi mgq GKi cwZ 4000 KwR Mvei mvi w`Z ne| cwZevi
Nvm KvUvi ci GKi cwZ 40 KwR BDwiqv w`j djb ekx nq|
Nvm KvUv I djbt bwcqvi Nvmi gZ KvUv hvq| djb GKi cwZ 30,000-35,000 KwR|
LvIqvbvi wbqg I msiYt KU LvIqvbvB fvj| Loi mv_ wgwkq LvIqvbv hvq| GB Nvm
wKq ivLv hvq|
Rvgvb Nvm Pvl cwZ
Rvgvb GK cKvii vqx Nvm| Kv ev gy_v jvMvZ nq|
Pvl cwZt GB Nvm Lvj, wej, b`xi avi, ev Rjve RwgZ fvj nq| bwcqvi Nvmi gZB Rwg Zix
Ki Nvmi gy_v ev KvwUs jvMvbv hvq|
wP 16.4 t Rvgvb Nvm

ivcY cYvjx I mgqt ekvL-R gvm G Nvm ivcY Kivi Dchy mgq| bwcqvi Nvmi gZB
mvwie Ki jvMvbv nq|
mvi cqvM I cvwb mPt G Nvmi Rwg me mgq fRv _vKZ nq| RwgZ chv cwigvY Mvei
mvi w`Z cvij Nvm jvMvbvi 2-3 mvn ci GKi cwZ 30-35 KwR BDwiqv w`Z ne| ZvQvov
cwZevi Nvm KvUvi ci GKi cwZ 30-35 KwR BDwiqv w`Z nq|
Nvm KvUv I djbt Nvm jvMvbvi 45-60 w`b ciB c_gevi KvUv hvq| cieZxZ 4/5 mvn ci ci
KvUv hve| djb eQi GKi cwZ 40,000-45,000 KwR Nvm cvIqv hZ cvi|
LvIqvbvi wbqg I msiYt Nvm KU Gb LvIqvbvB Dg| wKq ivLv fvj bq Ze mvBjR Ki
ivLv hvq|
fyv Nvm Pvl cwZ
fyvi KwP meyR MvQ Mevw` cvwYi AZ cywKi I Dcv`q Lv`| Avgvì `k GLb cPzi fyv Pvl
nQ|
Pvl cwZt DuPz/bxPy wK cvwb Rg _vK bv GiKg RwgZ fyvi Pvl Kiv hvq| eQii mKj mgqB
fyvi Pvl Kiv hZ cvi| bxPz RwgZ elvi cvwb Pj hvIqvi ci Ges DuPz RwgZ mPi eev
_vKj GKB mgq KvwZK AMvnY gvm fyvi Pvl Kiv hvq| kxZi kl dvyb-P gvmI cvwb mP
w`q ev ew nIqvi ci fyvi exR evcb Kiv hvq| fyv AwaK kxZ I AwaK ew Kvb AevZB fvj
Rb bv| exR ecbi AvM 5/6 evi Rwg Pvl Ki Rwg Zix KiZ ne| GKi cwZ 15-20 KwR
exRi cqvRb nq|
wP 16.5 t fyv Nvm

ecY cYvjx t mvwie fve ecb Kiv fvj| `yB mvwii gaeZx `~iZ 1 dzU I 1 ci ci exR ecb
KiZ nq| Z me mgq AvMvQv gy ivLZ ne|
mvi cqvM I cvwb mP t Rwg Zixi mgq chv cwigvY Mvei mvi cqvM Kiv hvq, AwZwi GKi
cwZ 40 KwR BDwiqv, 20 KwR wU Gm wc I 10 KwR Gg wc cqvM Kij djb fvj cvIqv hvq|
RwgZ im bv _vKj cvwb mPi eev KiZ ne|
LvIqvbvi wbqg I msiY t MvQi DPZv 2-2.5 dzU njB Nvm wnmve KU LvIqvbv hvq| wK
exR Kij MvQi DPZv 1.5 dzU njB GK mvwi ci cieZx mvwii MvQ Zzj djZ ne hv Mii
Lv` wnmve eenvi Kiv hve| Aewk mvwi mg~ni MvQ 6 ci ci iL evwKjv Zzj djZ
ne| Gi dj exR Kivi Rb iL Ìqv MvQjv mwVKfve ew cve| exRi Rb ivLv
MvQjvi Mvovq fvjfve gvwU w`Z ne| fyv MvQ mvBjR Ki msiY Kiv hvq|
Drm t
*Mvfx cvjb MvBW - G. wU. Gg. dRjyj Kvì
*DPZi cvwY wevb - Gm Gg Bgvg mvBb
* Kwg cRbb I Nvm Pvl gvbyqj - cvwYm` Awaì
gwWDj-17 t
wekl aibi cvwYLv` Drcv`b cZKiY I msiY chyw
17.1 BDwiqv gjvmm (BD Gg Gm) cZKiY
GwU BDwiqv, gvjvmm Ges Lo () Gi GKwU wgwkZ Lvevi hv MiK cwZw`b Kbv Loi cwieZ
Pvwn`v gZ LvIqvbv hvq| Lv`wUZ Lo, wPUvo ev gvjvmm I BDwiqv Gi AbycvZ h_vg
82:15:3|
BD, Gg, Gm, Zix

BD Gg Gm Zixi c_g kZ nj Gi Dcv`vbwji AbycvZ me`v mwVK ivLZ ne A_vr 100 fvM
BD,Gg,Gm Gi c`v_i ga 82 fvM Lo, 15 fvM gvjvmm Ges 3 fvM BDwiqv _vKZ ne |
G wnmve gZ 100 KwR Kbv Lo, NbZi Dci wbfi Ki 21-14 KwR BDwiqv wgkvjB Pje |
Lo wfRv ev gvjvmm cvZjv nj Dfqi cwigvYB evwoq w`Z ne| c_g Lo, gvjvmm I
BDwiqvi cwigvY gc wbZ ne | wewfb cwigvY Loi mwnZ BDwiqv I gvjvmm wK cwigvY
wgkvZ ne Zvi GKwU mviYx (17.1) wbg `qv nj| gvjvmm IBDwiqv IRbi ci cqvRb gZ
cwivi cvwbZ (mvaviYZ 40-60wKjv )Ggb NbZ wgkvZ ne hvZ m~Y èYUzKz Loi mv_
mnR wgkvbv hvq | cvwb ekx nj èYUzKz Lo Pzl wbZ cvie bv Avevi Kg nj èY wQUvbv
mgmv ne| Kbv LoK cwjw_b weQvbv ev cvKv gSZ mgfve wewQq BDwiqv gvjvmm èYwU
Av Av SiYv ev nvZ w`q wQwUq w`Z ne,Ges mv_ mv_ LoK Dwq w`Z ne hvZ Lo
èY Pzl bq | G fve i i Lo mvRvZ ne Ges BDwiqv gvjvmm èY mgfve wgwkq wbZ
ne | IRb Kiv Loi mv_ cyiv èY wgwkq wbjB BD.Gg.Gm cvwYK LvIqvbvi Dchy nq |
wP 17.1 t BD Gg Gm cZ KiY
Ab fve I BD Gg Gm Zix Kiv hvq | G cwZZ h Kvb cKvi cv IRb Kiv gvjvmm I
BDwiqvZ cwigvY gZ cvwb w`q èY Zix Ki wbZ ne | Zvici mviYx (17.1) Z DjwLZ
wnmve gvZveK IRb Kiv Lo Ggb fve wfRvZ ne hvZ cyiv èYwU l bq | D h Kvb
Dcvq Zix BDwiqv gvjvmm Lo m m MiK LvIqvbv hvq A_ev GKevi 2/3 w`bi Zix
Lo msiY Ki Av Av LvIqvbv hvq| Ze Kvb AevB Lo evwbq wZb w`bi ekx ivLv
DwPr bq| KviY ZvZ Lo BDwiqv Ges gvjvmm Gi cwigvY KgZ _vKe|
mviYx 17.1 t BD.Gg.Gm Zixi Rb wewfb Dcv`vbi AvbycvwZK nvi

Kbv Lo (KwR) cvwb (wjUvi) gvjvmm(KwR) BDwiqv (KwR)
5 2.5 - 3.5 1.05 - 1.20 0.15
10 5.0 - 7.0 2.10 - 2.40 0.30
20 10.0 - 14.0 4.20 - 4.80 0.60
50 25.0 - 35.0 10.50 - 12.00 1.50
100 50.0 - 60.0 21.00 - 24.00 3.00
myweav
*BD.Gg.Gm evQzi , evo, `yeZx I MfeZx Mi A_ev gwnlK Zvì Pvwn`v gZ LvIqvbv hvq|
*ay BD.Gg.Gm LvIqvjI Mii IRb ew cvq|
* BD.Gg.Gm Zixi cwZ mnR| GKRb kwgK cvq 500 - 600 KwR Lo Zix KiZ cvib|
* Melbv Ki `Lv MvQ h, G cwZZ Loi m 1.00 UvKvi gvjvmm LvBq cvq 5.00 _K
7.00 UvKvi Mii gvsm Drcv`b me|
*BDwiq gvjvmm eK PU LvIqvj cvYxi h DcKvi nq Zv BD.Gg.vivB me |
* hnZz BDwiqv I gvjvmm Loi mv_ axi axi LvQ , weavq welqv nIqvi Kvb mvebv
bB|
* mKj eqmi Mi gwnl h_Qv cwigvY GB Lv` LZ cvi|
* MfeZx cvwYi GB Lv` LZ cvi|
*KlK Zvi `wbK Pvwn`v gZ Lo cZ Ki cwZw`b LvIqvZ cvib|
Amyweav
* BD.Gg.Gm cwZZ BDwiqv gvjvmm LvIqvbvi Zgb Kvb Amyweav bB| ay gv Bnv Zix
Ki wZb w`bi ekx msiY Ki ivLv hvq bv|
mveabZv
AekB BD, Gg, Gm, Zix Kivi mgq BDwiqv, gvjvmm, Lo I cvwbi AbycvZ wVK ivLZ ne |
BDwiqvi gvv Kvb AevZB evovbv hve bv | BD,Gg,Gm,Gi MVb cwieZb Kij KvswLZ dj
cvIqv hve bv |
mviYx 17.2 t BD, Gg, Gm LvIqvbvi wbqg

cvYxi aib BD, Gg, Gm `vbv`vi wgkY
Mi Mii BQvgZ IRbi kZKiv 0.8 - 1.0 fvM
`yeZx Mvfx Mvfxi BQvgZ `ya Drcv`bi wfwZ
evQzi ( 6 gvm) evQzii BQvgZ IRbi kZKiv 1.0 fvM
mviYx 17.3 t `vbv`vi wgkY
1. Mg, Pvj ev f~v fvsMv = 10- 20 KwR
2. Mgi f~wl I avbi Kzovi wgkY (1t1) = 45- 55 KwR
3. mwilv, wZj ev bvwiKji Lj = 20- 25 KwR
4. gvQi ov = 4-5 KwR
5. Pzbvcv_i ev wSbyKi cvDWvi = 3-4 KwR
6. jeb = 0.5- 1 KwR
BD,Gg,Gm Zix mnR, cvk cwZwqvgy I jvfRbK | BD,Gg,Gm Mv- Lv` chywwU Mevw` cvwYi
cyw mieivn Ges GKB mv_ Mevw`cvwY nZ cwiek `~lY nvm Ki | `ki `ya I gvsmi NvUwZ
c~iY I ewaZ RbmsLvi Kgmsvb KiZ evwYwRK fve Mi gvUvZvRvKib I `y Lvgvi cwZvq
BD,Gg,Gm chywwU mnvqK f~wgKv ivLe |
17.2 BDwiqv gvjvmm eK cKiY

Avgvì `ki Mi mvavibZt Lo Lq Rxeb avib Ki| ZviciI AbK mgq Lvì Zxe msKU
`Lv hvq| BDwiqv gvjvmm eK GKwU kwkvjx Ges cvwUb mg RgvU Lv`| Gi ga cqvRbxq
LwbR I wfUvwgb `qv _vK| Loi mv_ cwicvK Lv` wnmve BDwiqv gvjvmm eK LvIqvj cvwYi
kixi gvsm/Pwe evo| GK KwRi GKwU eK mvavibZt 9 gMv Ryj kw I 240 Mvg cvwUb _vK|
BDwiqv gvjvmm eK Zixi cwZ
wP 17.2 t BDwiqv gvjvmm eK Zixi EcKiY I BDwiqv gvjvmm eK cZ KiY
mviYx 17.4 t eKi ga kZKiv wbgic Dcv`vb _vK|

Dcv`vb cwigvb
gvjvmm/wPUvo 50 - 60 fvM
Mgi f~wl 25 - 26 ,,
BDwiqv 8 - 9 ,,
cv_ix Pzb ( LvIqvi Pzb) 5 - 6 ,,
10 KwR cwigvb BDwiqv gvjvmm eK Zixi cwZ wbg `qv nj|
1| 5 - 6 KwR cwigvY gvjvmm ev wPUvo GKwU Wvg/jvnvi KovBq wbq Pzjvq w`q Zvc w`Z
ne| 2.5 - 3.0 KwR cwigvY f~wl KovBq wbZ ne Ges bvobx w`q wPUvoi m gkvZ ne|
2| Gevi 35 Mvg jeb Ges h Kvb wWwe wfUvwgb 100 Mvg gc wbq KovBq w`Z ne|
3| Gevi 800 - 900 Mvg BDwiqv Avjv`vfve gc wbZ ne|
4| 500 - 600 Mvg cv_i Pzb IRb Ki gvjvmm Zix Kivi c~e w`b mvgvb cvwbZ wfR
ivLZ ne|
5| IRbKZ Pzb, BDwiqv, jeb I wfUvwgb fvjfve wgk wbZ ne Ges KovBq Qo w`Z ne|
6| Gevi KovB ev WvgwU Avb/Pzjv _K bvwgq fvjfve bvovPvov KiZ ne hZb ch bv
wPUvoi AvVv AvVv fve Avm |
7| wPUvo, f~wl, Pzb, BDwiqv, LwbRjeb I wfUvwgb wgwkZ wgkY _K wbw` cwigvY QuvPi AvKvi
I avib gZv hgbt 1 KwR IRbi eK Zix Kiv hZ cvi|
8| wgkYwU wbw` QuvP/ dgvq Xvjvi ci QuvPi gvc Abyhvqx XvKbv Dci iL Pvc w`Z ne hb
wgkbwU k RgvU eua QuvPi AvKvii gZ GKwU eK cwibZ KiZ mvnvh Ki|
9| mveabZvi mv_ QuvPwU eK _K Zzj wbZ ne Ges 30 wgwbUi gZ evwni iL w`Z ne| G
mgqi ga eKwU k nq hve|
10| hw` GK m AwaK cwigvY eK Zix Kiv cqvRb nq Ze cwjw_bi gvoK AvQvw`Z Kiv
DwPZ| GZ eKi Mvq ayjvevwj jvMe bv Ges AbK w`b ch msiY Kiv hve|
BDwiqv gvjvmm eK LvIqvbvi wbqg

cwZw`b MiK 250 - 300 Mvg BDwiqv gvjvmm eK Aevq LvIqvZ ne| eKwU Mi c_g
c_g LZ bv Pj eKi Dci jeb ev f~wl wQwUq w`Z ne Ges hZmnKvi LvIqvZ ne| eK
LvIqvbvi cvkvcvwk Mev`x cvwYK Abvb ^vfvweK Lvevi hgbt Lo, ZvRv Nvm, `vbv`vi Lv`, cvwb
BZvw` LvIqvZ ne|
wP 17.3 t MiK BDwiqv gvjvmm eK LvIqvbv nQ

17.3 Mv- Lv` wnmve GvjwRi Drcv`b I eenvi
GvjwR GK aibi Dw` hv AvKvi GKKvlx _K eKvlx wekvj ei gZ nZ cvi| Ze

Avgiv GLvb `ywU wekl cRvwZi GKKvlx GvjwR Kvijv I wmbWmgvm wbq AvjvPbv Kiev hv
Mv- Lv` wnmve eenvi Kiv hve| Giv m~hvjvK, cvwbZ `wef~Z AwRb, Kveb WvB-AvBW I
Re bvBUvRb Avnib Ki mvjvK msklb cwqvq euP _vK| Giv AZ `Z eabkxj wekl
Ki evsjv`ki gZ D RjevqyZ|
GvjwRi cywgvb
wewfb aibi AcPwjZ Lvì ga GvjwR AZ mvebvgq cywKi Lv` hv wewfb aibi Avwgl
RvZxq Lv` hgb- Lj, UwK gvQi uov BZvwì weK wnmve eenvi nZ cvi| GvjwRZ
kZKiv 50 - 70 fvM Avwgl ev cvwUb _vK, 20 - 22 fvM Pwe Ges 8 - 26 fvM kKiv _vK|
GQvovI GvjwRZ cPzi cwigvb wfUvwgb wm Ges wewfb aibi wfUvwgb we _vK| Kej gv
wmmwUb Qvov GvjwRi cvwUb wewfb aibi GvgvBbv GwmWi AbycvZ cvq wWgi cvwUbi
mgvb| ivgbKvix cvYxZ ( hgb Mi, gwnl, QvMj I fov) GvjwRi cvwUbi cvPZv 73%|
GvjwRi Drcv`b cwZ

wbg GvjwRi Drcv`b cwZ msc eYbv Kiv njv|
GvjwR Pvli cqvRbxq DcKiY t GvjwRi exR, Kwg AMfxi cyKzi, wUDeqji cwivi cvwb,
gvmKvjB ev Abvb Wvji f~wl Ges BDwiqv|
c_g mgZj, Qvqvhy RvqMvq GKwU Kwg cyKzi Zix KiZ ne| cyKziwU j^vq 10 dyU,
PIovq 4 dzU Ges MfxiZvq 1/2 dzU nZ cvi| cyKzii cvo BU ev gvwUi Zix nZ cvi|
Gevi 11 dzU j^v, 5 dzU PIov GKwU ^Q cwjw_b wewQq Kwg cyKzii Zjv I cvo XK
w`Z ne| Ze cyKzii AvqZb cqvRb Abymvi QvU ev eo nZ cvi| ZvQvov gvwUi ev
wmgUi PvwoZI GvjwR Pvl Kiv hvq|
100 Mvg gvmKjB ( ev Ab Wvji) f~wlK 1 wjUvi cvwbZ mvivivZ wfwRq Kvco w`q
QuK cvwbUzKz msMn KiZ ne| GKB f~wlK AZ wZbevi eenvi Kiv hvq, hv cieZxZ
MiK LvIqvbv hvq|
Gevi Kwg cyKzi 200 wjUvi cwigvY Kji cwivi cvwb, 15 - 20 wjUvi cwigvb GvjwRi
exR, hv GvjwRi NbZi Dci wbfi Ki Ges gvmKjvB f~wl fRvbv cvwb wbq fvj Ki
wgwkq wbZ ne| Gici 2- 3 Mvg cwigvY BDwiqv wbq D cyKzii cvwbZ fvjfve
wgwkq w`Z ne|
Gici cwZw`b mKvj, `ycyi I weKj Kgc wZbevi GvjwRi KvjPviK bo w`Z ne|
cvwbi cwigvY Kg Mj bZzb Ki cwigvY gZ cwivi cvwb hvM KiZ nq| cwZ 3/4 w`b
ci ci cyKzi cwZ 1 - 2 Mvg cwigvY BDwiqv wQUvj djb fvjv nq|
Gfve Drcv`bi 12 - 15 w`bi ga GvjwRi cvwb MiK LvIqvbvi Dchy nq| G mgq
GvjwRi cvwbi is Mvp meyR eYi nq| GvjwRi cvwbK cyKzi _K msMn Ki mivmwi
MiK LvIqvbv hvq|
GKwU cyKzii GvjwRi cvwb LvIqvbvi ci D cyKzi AvMi wbqg Abyhvqx cwigvY gZ
cvwb, mvi, Ges gvmKjvB f~wl fRvbv cvwb w`q bZzb Ki GvjwR KvjPvi i Kiv hvq, G
mgq bZzb Ki GvjwR exR w`Z nq bv|
hLb GvjwR cyKzi cvwbi is ^vfvweK Mvp meyR is _K ev`vgx is nq hvq ZLb eySZ ne
h D KvjPviwU Kvb KviY b nq MQ| G bZzb Ki KvjPvi i KiZ ne| G
KviY GvjwR Drcv`bi wbg ewYZ mveavbZv Aej^b Kiv DwPr|
wP 17.4 t cyKzi GvjwRi Drcv`b
mveabZv
1| GvjwRi cyKziwU mivmwi m~hvjvKi wbP bv Ki Qvqvhy vb Kiv DwPr| KviY AwZ
AvjvK GvjwR Kvli gZz nq| G Rb KvjPviwU b nq hvq|
2| KLbvB gvmKjvB f~wl fRvbv cvwb ewYZ cwigvbi Pq ekx `qv DwPr bq, GZI
wbDUU mycvi mPzikb Gi KviY GvjwR Kvl gviv hZ cvi|
3| GvjwR cyKzii cvwbK bvov bv w`j Kvli Dci Kvl w_wZq KvjPviwU b nq hZ
cvi|
4| hw` KLbv GvjwR cyKzii cvwb Mvp meyR isqi cwieZ nvjKv bxj is avib Ki ZLb Zv
dj w`q bZzb Ki KvjPvi i KiZ ne| KviY bxjebi GvjwR wfb cRvwZi welv
GvjwR hv Kvijv I wmbWmgvm _K wfb|
MiK GvjwR LvIqvbv

GvjwRi cvwb me aibi Ges me eqmi MiK A_vr evQzi, evo Mi, `yai ev MfeZx Mvfx,
nvji ej` mevBKB LvIqvbv hvq| GvjwR LvIqvbvi Kvb aiv euvav wbqg bB| GUvK mvaviY
cvwbi cwieZ mivmwi LvIqvbv hvq| G MiK Avjv`v Ki cvwb LvIqvbvi cqvRb bB|
`vbv`vi Lv` A_ev Loi mv_ wgwkqI LvIqvbv hvq| mvaviYZ t `yB GK w`bi gaB Mi GZ
Af nq co| Mi mvaviYZ t Zvi IRbi 8 fvM A_vr 150 KwR IRbi Mi 12 KwR cwigvb
GvjwRi cvwb cvb Ki| Ze Migi w`b Gi cwigvY evoZ cvi| GvjwRi cvwbK Mig Ki
LvIqvbv DwPr bq, GZ GvjwRi Lv`gvb b nZ cvi| hw` ekx Mi _vK, ( hgb aib 5wU Mi
AvQ)| G AZt c~e ewYZ AvKvii 5wU Kwg cyKzi GvjwR Pvl Kiv DwPr hvZ GKwUi
GvjwRi cvwb kl nZ cieZxwU LvIqvbvi Dchy nq|
GvjwR LvIqvbvi DcKvixZv

ivgbKvix cvYx hgb Mi, gwnl, QvMj, fov h Nvm ev Lo BZvw` Lq _vK Zv cvKjxi RxevYy
viv f nRg nq| GB RxevYyi cwigvY Ges Kvhg Lvì Dci wbfi Ki| hw` fvj gvbi Lv`
A_vr cwigvY gZ cvwUb, mnRcvP KvevnvBWU, wfUvwgb Ges LwbR hy Lvevi Lvq Zv nj GB
RxevYyi cwigvY I Kvhg eo hvq Z_v MiZ cvwUb Ges wecvKxq kw mieivn eo hvq|
Avevi hw` wbggvbi Lv` hgb- Lo Lvq Ze Mi Zvi Pvwn`v gZ wecvKxq kw I cvwUb cvq bv|
ZvB ay Lo LvIqvj Mii Drcv`b Kg hvq| Loi mv_ mvaviY cvwbi cwieZ GvjwRi cvwb
LvIqvj evo Mii gvBvweqvj cvwUb mieivn eo hvq Ges Mii `wnK IRb nvm AbK Kg
hvq| Avgvì `k cvq mviv eQiB KvuPv Nvmi Afve cKU| wekl Ki kni GjvKvq G mgmv
ZxeZi| Gi dj Mii wfUvwgb Ges LwbRi Afve RwbZ ivM hgb- AZ, ivZKvbv,Mvfxi
AbyeiZv BZvw` `Lv hvq| hnZz GvjwRZ cPzi cwigvb wewfb wfUvwgb Ges LwbR _vK, ZvB
GvjwR LvIqvbvi dj MiK Gme cywi Afve RwbZ ivM _K iv Kiv hvq|
Avgvì `k Mii cavb Lv` Lo| ZvQvov cvwUb Ges wfUvwgb mg Lvevii AcZzjZv Ges
`yg~ji KviY mevB G me Lv` MiK LvIqvZ cvi bv| djkwZZ Mii Drcv`b w`b w`b Kg
hvQ| GgZvevq GvjwRi cvwb evenvi Ki AwaK cwigvY Mii gvsm Ges `ya Drcv`b me, hv
`vwi` wegvPb Ges AvZKgmsvb KvhKix f~wgKv cvjb KiZ cvi| GQvovI GvjwR evZvmi
Kveb-WvB-AvBW kvlY Ki Ges AwRb ZvM Ki, cwZ Mvg GvjwR cvq 1.6 Mvg AwRb
Drcv`b Ki| Gfve GvjwR Drcv`bi gvag cwieki fvimvg iv KivI me|
17.4 `kxq cwZZ meyR Nvm msiY
evsjv`ki ew gmyg Kvb Kvb GjvKvq cPzi cwigvY Nvm cvIqv hvq hgb, `~ev, evKmv,
AvivBj, mwP, `j, kl LZi AvMvQv BZvw`| G QvovI iqQ wewfb MvQi cvZv hv Mv-Lv`
wnmve eenvi nq, hgb Bwcj Bwcj, av BZvw`| `kxq G mg meyR Nvm A_ev RwgZ Pvl Kiv
bwcqvi, cviv, fyv, miMg, IU BZvw` Lye mnRB mvBjR Ki msiY Kiv hvq|
mvBjR GKwU BsiwR k hv viv Mv-Lvì ejvq meyR Nvmi cyywgvb Ayb iL GKwU wbw`
AZvq ev viZ msiwZ NvmK eySvq| mvaviYZt Lo RvZxq Lv` eZxZ me aibi meyR NvmB
AZvq msiY Kiv nq| msiYi ci eQii h Kvb mgq msiwZ Nvm Zzj mivmwi MiK
LvIqvbv hvq| elv gmyg cv meyR Nvm cPzi cwigvY Rjxqvsk _vK| G aibi Nvm mvBjR
Zgb fvj nq bv| Ze G mg meyR Nvmi m kZKiv 15 - 20 fvM Kbv Loi i w`j
GKw`K mvBjRi YvY fvj _vK Ab w`K mvBjRi wbhvm PzBq Loi Lv`gvbI ew Ki|
GZ GKUv evowZ myweav nj cieZxZ Kbv Lo Avjv`v Ki Avi LvIqbv jvM bv| Loi Afve
_vKj Lo bv w`jI mvBjR Kiv hve| Wvj ev wjg RvZxq Nvm hgb t Lmvix, gvmKvjvB, KvDwc
ev njb Wvj, Bwcj Bwcj BZvw` NvmI meyR Aevq mvBjR Ki ivLv hvq| G aibi Nvm AwaK
cwigvY cvwUb ev Avwgl _vK weavq aygv Wvj RvZxq Nvm viv mvBjR Kij fvj mvBjR bvI
nZ cvi| GRbG aibi Nvm AWvj ev bb wjg RvZxq Nvmi ( fyv, bwcqvi BZvw`) mv_
mevP 1t1 Ges mewbg 1t3 AbycvZ wgwkq wPUvo w`q mvBjR Kiv fvj| bb-wjg RvZxq Nvm
bv cvIqv Mj Kbv Loi mv_ wgwkqI mvBjR Zix Kiv hvq|
gvwUi MZ t GKk wmGdwU GKwU gvwUi MZ 2.50 - 3.00 Ub meyR Nvm msiY Kiv hvq| MZwU
AekB DuPz RvqMvq ( hLvb cvwb XyKZ bv cvi) nZ ne| MZi MfxiZv 3 dzU, ci Zjvq 3
dzU, gvS 8 dzU I Dci 10 dzU ne| `Ni gvc wbfi Kie Nvmi cwigvYi Dci| MZwUi Zjv
cvwZji gZ mgfve e _vKj Nvm Pvcvbv mnR ne|
cwjw_b t gvwUi mvBjvi Pviw`K cwjw_b gyo mvBjR Kij AekB wbw ivLv hvq| wK
cwjw_bi eenvi Nvmi msiY LiP evwoq `q GRb mvBjvi Zjvq Ges Pvwi w`K Kbv Lo
w`q gvwU XK `qv hvq| `yB MR PIov Wvej cwjw_bi 8 - 9 MR njB 20 dzUi GKwU mvBjvi
ay Dcii w`K e Kiv hvq|
mvBjR Zix cwZ
meyR Nvmi kZKiv 3 - 4 fvM wPUo gc GKwU PvwoZ wbZ ne| Zvici Nb wPUvoi ga
1t1 A_ev 4t3 cwigvb cvwb wgkvj Bnv Nvmi Dci wQUvbv DchvMx ne| Sibv ev nvZ viv
wQwUq G wgkY Nvm mgfve wgkvZ ne| mvBjvi Zjvq cwjw_b w`j AvM wewQq wbZ ne|
cwjw_b bv w`j ci Ki Lo weQvZ ne| Gici `y cvk cwjw_b bv w`j Nvm mvRvbvi mv_ mv_
Loi AviY w`Z ne| Gici ciZ ciZ meyR Nvm Ges Kbv Lo w`Z ne| cwZ ciZ 300
KwR meyR Nvm Ges 15 KwR Kbv Lo w`Z ne| 300 KwR Nvmi ciZ c~ei wnmve 9 - 12
KwR wPUvo I 8 - 10 KwR cvwbi wgkY Sibv ev nvZ w`q mgfve wQwUq w`Z ne| Loi ga
Kvb wPUvo w`Z ne bv| Gfve ciZ ciZ Nvm I Lo mvRvZ ne| hZ GuU Nvm mvRvbv ne
ZZ myì mvBjR Zix ne| Gfve mvBjv fwZ Ki gvwUi Dci 4 - 5 dzU ch Nvm mvRvZ
ne| Nvm mvRvbv kl nj Lo viv cyi Ki Avib w`q myì Ki cwjw_b w`q XK w`Z ne|
mekl 3 - 4 Bw cyi Ki gvwU w`Z ne| m~Y Nvm GK w`bB mvRvbv hvq| Ze ew bv
_vKj cwZw`b wKQz wKQz KiI KqK w`b evwc mvBjR Zix Kiv hvq|
bxPz RvqMvq mvBjv Kiv hve bv| ZvZ cvwb Rg mvBjR b nq hZ cvi|
Dcii cwjw_b myì fve GuU w`Z ne hvZ Kvb cvwb mvBjRi ga bv XyK|
wP 17.5t mvBjvwcU Nvm mvRvbv I wPUvo wgwkZ cvwb `qv nQ

wPUvo cvZjv nj cwigvY evwoq cvwb Kg Ki wgkvZ ne| ekx cvZjv nj Nvm nZ
PyuBq bxP Pj hve| Ggbfve èb Zix KiZ ne hvZ AvVvi gZ Nvmi Mvq jM
_vK|
Nvm Ges Lo Ggbfve mvRvZ ne hvZ duvKv RvqMvjv h_vme e nq hvq|
mvBjvi Kvbjv Ges cvk mg~n cv w`q cvwoq Nvm mvRvZ ne hvZ duvKv e nq hvq|
Nvmi mv_ Lye ekx cvwb _vKv evbxq bq|
LvIqvbvi wbqg
Gfve msiwZ Nvm cwZ 100 KwR `wnK IRbi Rb 10 KwR wnmve eenvi Kiv hvq|
17.5 elvKvj ZvRv I wfRv Lo msiY
evsjv`k cwZeQi cvq 1.8-2 KvwU Ub avbi Lo Drcvw`Z nq | Gi ga kZKiv 40 fvM Drcb
nq elv gmyg | G mgq eviv I AvDm avb _K Drcvw`Z cvq 80 j Ub Lo ew, RjveZv I
Abvb Kvib Kvbv hvq bv, dj Zv b nq hvq | G cwigvY Loi eZgvb evRvi ì Kgc 80
KvwU UvKv |GK w`K GZ wecyj cwigvY Lo cwZ eQi b nQ Abw`K `ki Mv-Lvì Pvwn`v
kZKiv 44 fvMB NvUwZ _K hvQ | ZvQvov Avgb gmyg Drcvw`Z LoK KvZ KlK fvBì
cPzi kg, A_ I mgq eq KiZ nq | Gme mgmv mgvavbi j evsjv`k cvwY m` MelYv
BbwwUDU avbi LoK KuvPv I wfRv Aevq msiYi cwZ Dveb KiQ |
wfRv LoK iv` ev Ab Kvb Dcvq wKq Gi cvwbi cwigvY 10% Gi wbP bvwgq Avbj Loi
Dci Rxevby Ges GbRvBgi Kvhg e nq hvq| dj G Aevq LoK msiY Kij Lo b nq
bv | Avgvì `k G cwZZB Lo msiY Kiv nq | wK elv gmyg AwZwi ewZ Lo
Kvbv cvq Ame | ZvQvov KlK fvBqiv G mgq avb KvbvZ e _vKb| ZvB G cwZ AZ
elv gmyg KvhKi bq|
ivmvqwbK cwqvq wfRv Lo msiY
GB cwZZ Lo AwZgvvq Axq ev vixq Ki cPbKvix RxevYy I GbRvBgi Kvhg ivai

gvag msiY Kiv nq| Lo Axq Kivi Rb wewfb aibi Re GwmW hgb t GwmwUKGwmW,
cvcvqvwbK GwmW eenvi Kiv hZ cvi| Ze G wPUvo mnRjf| wPUvo w`q Lo
Aevqexq Aevq msiY Kij wPUvoi myMvi _K jKwUKGwmW Zix nq hvnv cPbKvix RxevYy I
GbRvBgi KvhKvwiZv ivai gvag Lo msiY Ki| Ze wPUvo eenvii KqKwU Amyweav
nQ t (K)GwU eq ej (L) Aevqexq Aevq Lo msiY KiZ nq|(M) G cwqvq msiY Loi
cywgvb ewcvq bv|
BDwiqv w`q wfRv Lo msiY

BDwiqv w`q wfRv Lo msiY KZwj myweav nj
1. BDwiqv Loi cywgvb ew Ki
2. BDwiqv mnRjf I Zyjbvg~jvKfve `vg Kg
3. GB cwZwU AZv mnR I wbivc`
DcKib t Lo, cwjw_b I BDwiqv|

wP 17.6 t Loi mv_ BDwiqv wgwkq cwjw_b w`q Lo msiY
msiY cwZ
h vb Lo msiY Kiv ne c_g m vb cyivbv LoKzUv ev cyivbv cwjw_b weQvZ ne|
Gi ci GK i wfRv Lo hgb 25 KwR Lo weQvZ ne| D cwigvY Loi Rb 350-
500 Mvg cwigvY BDwiqv wQwUq w`Z ne|
Gfve i i Lo Ges BDwiqv wQwUq Loi Mv`v Zix KiZ ne| Loi Mv`vi AvKvi
Lvov M^yRvKvi bv nq PIov ne|
hLb m~Y Lo kl ne ZLb Loi Mv`vK Ggb fve cwjw_b w`q XK w`Z ne hvZ
Loi Mv`vq Kvb evZvm XyKZ ev ei nZ bv cvi| cwjw_bi wKbviv jv gvwU w`q fvj
Ki XK w`Z ne| AwaK cwigvb Lo msiYi hLb Loi Mv`v PIov nq ZLb
`yB UzKiv cwjw_bK c eivei Rvov (Mwjq) w`q eenvi Kiv hZ cvi| G
cwjw_b hvZ Kvb eo aibi wQ` bv nq m w`K j ivLZ ne|
AwZwi cvwb hy Loi me nj 3/4 i ci ci GK i Kbv Lo w`j Loi
msiY fvj nq|
mvavibZ, wewfb Rwgi avb wewfb mgq KvUv nq| G hZUv me GK mv_ me Lo
msiY mePq Dg| Ze wKQy cwigvY Lo BDwiqv w`q evqy ivax (A_vr cwjw_b XvKv)
Aevq msiYi ci mLvb bZzb wfRv Lo hvM KiZ nj Mv`vi cwjw_b mwiq c_g
wKQz cwigvY (300-500 Mvg, Mv`vi AvKvii Dci wbfi Ki) BDwiqv wQwUq w`Z ne
Ges cieZxZ c~ei ewYZ wbqgvbymvi Lo I BDwiqv w`Z ne| me kl c~ei bvq Loi
Mv`v cwjw_b w`q evqyivax Aevq XK w`Z ne|
msiY Kvj
mwVK cwZZ msiwZ Lo GK eQii AwaK mgq msiY Kiv hvq| msiYi `yB mvn ci _K
h Kvb mgq BQv Kij G Lo Mv`v _K ei Ki MiK LvIqvbv hZ cvi|
msiwZ Lo LvIqvbv
Mv`v _K ei Kiv msiwZ Lo cPzi cwigvY Avgvwbqv _vK| Lvjv evZvm Avav NUv cwigvY
mgq iL w`j AwZwi Avgvwbqv Pj hvq| Gi ci D msiwZ Lo Kb Lo ev KvuPv Nvmi
mv_ wgwkq MiK LvIqvbv hZ cvi| Mi mvavibZ msiwZ Lo cQ` Ki ZvB LvIqvZ
Amyweav nq bv| Kvb Mi Zv AcQ` Kij Av Av ZvK Af Ki ZzjZ nq|
msiwZ wfRv Lo cybivq Kvbvi cqvRb bBGZ Loi cywgvb Kg hvq|
mviYx 17.5t Kbv I BDwiqv msiwZ wfRv Loi Zyjbvg~jK cywgvb

Dcv`vb Kbv Lo msiwZ Lo
1 cvwUb 4 - 5% 9 - 12%
2 igb cvPZv 27% 45%
3 wecvKxq kw cwZ KwRZ 7 gMvRyj 10 gMvRyj
4 cwZ 100 KwR Mii IRb Lv` MnY 1.72 KwR 2.5 KwR
5 ay Lo LvIqvj `wbK IRbi cwieZb -379 Mvg 283 Mvg
mveabZv
1| GB msiY cwZZ Loi Mv`vq chv cwigvb Avgvwbqv _vKv GKv cqvRb| ZvB msiY
Kvj cwjw_bi AveiY hvZ Kvb fveB b bv nq m w`K wekl hZevb nZ ne|
2| h me Zi avb cyivcywi wPUv nq MQ m me Lo GB cwqvq msiY Kiv DwPZ bq| Kvib
G aibi msiwZ Lo BwgWRj RvZxq hM Drcv`b nq hv Lj Mii Amyweav nZ cvi|
Dciv msiY cwZwU ay elv gmyg Drcvw`Z wecyj cwigvY Loi cPb ivaB Ki bv, eis
Lv`gvbI ew Ki| ZvQvov msiY cwZwU KlKi kg, mgq Ges Avw_K mvkq Kie|
17.6.1 Mv-Lv` wnme Kjv MvQi msiY I eenvi
evsjv`k cwZ eQi Kjv msMni ci cvq 24 j gwUK Ub KjvMvQ cvIqv MjI Gi Lye bMb
AskB Mv-Lv` wnmve eenvi nq| mviv eQii ga elv gmygB Kjv Drcv`bi cwigvY ekx|
Drcb Kjv MvQ ewi KviY m~Y b nq hvq| Mv-Lv` wnme Gi DchvMxZv I A_bwZK iZ
AbK|
KjvMvQ Mv- Lv` wnmve `yfve eenvi Kiv hvq (K) mvBjR cwqvq eenvi Ges (L) mivmwi
wgk Lv` wnmve eenvi|
(K) mvBjR cwqvq eenvi

G cwZZ KjvMvQ Kbv Lo eenvi Ki A_ev bv KiI mvBjR Zix Kiv hvq| mvBjR Zixi
cqvRbxq DcKib jv njv - DuPz RvqMvq gvwUi MZ, LoKzUv, cwjw_b, wPUvo, cvwb Ges UzKiv
KjvMvQ|
wP 17.7 t KjvMvQi mvBjR
K (1) Kbv Lo eenvi bv Ki KjvMvQ msiY

KjvMvQ msiY gvwUi MZ A_ev cvKv mvBjvZ Kiv hvq| Ze cvKv mvBjv Lye eqej| G Rb
DuPz RvqMvq j^vjw^ gvwUi MZ Luyo KjvMvQ msiY Kiv hvq| gvwUi MZwUi DcwifvMi ck 3.1
wgUvi, gvSvgvwS MfxiZvq 2.5 wgUvi Ges Zjvq 1.5 wgUvi ne| Gi dj MZwU KvbvKwZ bv nq
cvwZji Zjvi bvq evuKvbv ne| MZwUi MfxiZv 92 mwUwgUvi ne| `N wbfi Kie KjvMvQi
cwigvYi Dci| Kjv msMn Kivi ci KjvMvQ Pcvi gwkb ev Kv viv QvU QvU ( `N 2-3
m.wg.) Ki KvUZ ne| Zvici D MZ UzKiv UzKiv KjvMvQ i i mvRvZ ne| cvwbi mv_
wPUvoi 1t1 AbycvZi èY mgfve wQwUq fvjfve wgkvZ ne| cwZ 100 wKjv KjvMvQi
mv_ 2.0-2.5 wKjv wPUvo èY wgkvZ ne| wPUvoi èYwU Av Av Sibv ev nvZ w`q
weQvbv KjvMvQi Dci wQwUq w`Z ne| GKk NbdzU GKwU gvwUi MZ 8.0-10.0 gwUK Ub
KjvMvQ msiY Kiv hvq| MZwU AekB DuPz RvqMvq nZ ne| MZ Zjvq I Pvwiw`K cyi Ki
Kbv Lo ev cwjw_b weQvZ ne| ciZ ciZ wPUvo wgwkZ KjvMvQ MZ mvRvZ ne Ges cv
w`q Pc wfZii evZvm h_v me ei Ki w`Z ne| hZ GuU mvRvbv hve ZZ fvj mvBjR
ne| Gfve fwZ Ki gvwUi Dci cvq 90-122 m.wg. ch KjvMvQ mvRvZ ne| mvRvbv kl
nj Lo viv cyi Ki Avib w`q myì Ki cwjw_b w`q XK w`Z ne| mekl 8-10 m.wg.
cyi Ki gvwU w`Z ne| m~Y KjvMvQ GKw`bB mvRvbv hvq| Ze ew bv _vKj cwZw`b wKQz
wKQz KiI KqK w`bevcx mvBjR Zix Kiv hvq| Gfve DbZ gvbi KjvMvQi mvBjRi
ewkvejx I KjvMvQi wewfb Aski cywgvb h_vg mviYx 17.6 I 17.7 G `qv nj|
mviYx 17.6 t DbZ KjvMvQi mvBjRi ewkvejx

mvBjRi aib wcGBP M is evwnK MVb
wPUvo wgwkZ KjvMvQi mvBjR 4.4 Axq njy`vf meyR UzKiv KjvMvQ AweKZ _vK
Lomn wPUvo wgwkZ KjvMvQi
4.3 Axq njy`vf meyR UzKiv KjvMvQ AweKZ _vK
mvBjR
wPUvo Qvov KjvMvQi mvBjR 7.0 `yM KvjP UzKiv KjvMvQ weKZ nq hvq
mvibx 17.7 t KjvMvQi wewfb Aski cywgvb

KjvMvQi cvZv
Dcv`vb KjvMvQi Kv
meyR cvZv cvZvi WMv
c`v_ 5.9 21.0 9.4
Re c`v_ 89.5 90.2 91.6
Avwgl 7.3 8.8 43.7
GwWGd 48.4 39.2 43.7
KjvMvQi mvBjR LvIqvbvi cwZ

cwZ GKkZ (100) KwR KjvMvQi mv_ 200 Mvg BDwiqv cwivi RvqMvq wgkY cwqv kl
MiK mieivn Kiv hZ cvi|
K(2) t Kbv Lo eenvi Ki msiY

KjvMvQi mvBjR Kbv Lo eenvii Rb cwZ 100 KwR KjvMvQi i mvRvbv kl nj GK
i Kbv Lo (5-10 wKjv) Dcii wbqg eenvi KiZ ne| ciZ ciZ KjvMvQ I Lo mvRvZ
ne Ges cv w`q gvwUi MZ fwZ Ki Lo viv cyi Ki Avib w`q myì Ki cwjw_b w`q XK
w`Z ne| mekl 8-10 m.wg. cyi Ki gvwU w`Z ne| GLvb ay iY ivLZ ne Loi i
Kvb cKvi wPUvo wQUvbvi cqvRb bB| DjwLZ wbqg 6 gvm ch KjvMvQ msiY Kiv hvq|
Ze cvwb XyKj KjvMvQi mvBjR b nq hvIqvi mvebv _vK| mswgwkZ KjvMvQ
(KjvMvQ+wPUvo) I mvBjRi (KjvMvQ+wPUvo) cywgvb mviYx 17.8 G `qvnj|
mviYx 17.8 t mswgwkZ KjvMvQ (KjvMvQ+wPUvo) I mvBjRi (KjvMvQ+wPUvo) cywgvb

c`v_i cywgvb (%)
Lvì bvg
cwigvb(%) Re c`v_ Avwgl GwWGd LwbR W dvBevi
Lo Qvov KjvMvQi
14.6 89.5 15.8 41.2 10.5 33.8
mvBjR
Lo hy KjvMvQi
28.2 91.1 16.7 39.6 8.9 33.7
mvBjR
mswgwkZ KjvMvQ mivmwi
10.1 90.3 16.7 36.4 9.7 28.8
fve
MiK LvIqvbvi c~e Dci ewYZ Lv` 2% BDwiqv gkvbv nqQ|
Lo hy KjvMvQi mvBjR LvIqvbvi cwZ t GKkZ (100) KwR Lohy KjvMvQi mvBjRi
mv_ 400 Mvg BDwiqv cwivi RvqMvq fvjfve wgkY cwqv kl MiK mieivn Kiv hZ cvi|
(L) mivmwi KjvMvQ LvIqvbvi cwZ

Kjv msMni ci KjvMvQ Pcvi gwkb ev Kv viv QvU QvU Ki KU cwjw_b ev cvKv
gSZ weQvZ ne|
cwZ 100 KwR Kjv MvQi Rb 2-2.5 KwR wPUvo GKwU cv gc wbq 2-2.5 KwR
cvwb Ges 200 Mvg BDwiqv fvjfe wgkvZ ne| wPUvo I BDwiqv wgwkZ èY SiYv ev
nvZ w`q KjvMvQi UzKivq wQwUq w`Z ne hvZ Ki BDwiqv I wPUvoi èYwU
KjvMvQi mv_ fvjfve wgk hvq|
D wgwkZ Lv`wU mivmwi MiK h_Qv cwigvY LvIqvbv hvq| KjvMvQi mvBjR I
mswgwkZ KjvMvQ mivmwifve MiK LvIqvbvi ci Gì Mnb gvv I cwicvPZv miYx
17.9 G `qv nj |
mviYx 17.9 t Mv-Lv` wnmve mswgwkZ KjvMvQ (KjvMvQ +wPUvo) I mvBjRi (KjvMvQ
+wPUvo) `wbK Lv` Mnb I cwicvPZv
cwZ 100 KwR `wnK IRbi Mii cwicvPZv `wnK IRb
Lvì bvg
Lv` Mnbi cwigvb(KwR/w`b) (%) ew(Mvg/w`b)
Lo Qvov KjvMvQi 13.0
59.0 410.0
mvBjR
Lo hy KjvMvQi 13.0
78.0 331.0
mvBjR
mswgwkZ KjvMvQ
8.0 65.0 345.0
mivmwifve
myweavt
kwgK LiP, BDwiqv I gvjvmm q eZxZ Ab Kvb LiP bB|
cwZ 100 KwR `wnK IRbi GKwU Mi cwZw`b 13 KwR cwqvRvZ KZ KjvMvQ A_ev
Lo wgwkZ mvBjRi 8 KwR LZ cvi, hvi viv cvwYi kixii iYveY mn `wnK
IRbI ew cvq|
hnZz BDwiqv I wPUvo KjvMvQi mv_ axi axi LvQ AZGe welwqv nIqvi Kvb
mvebv bB|
Kjv Drcv`bi cvkvcvwk KjvMvQK cwqvRvZ Ki MiK mivmwi LvIqvbv hvq A_ev
cieZx mgq LvIqvbvi Rb mvBjR Ki ivLv hvq|
17.6.2 f~v Loi msib I eenvi

evsjv`ki Divj I XvKv wefvM cPzi fyv Pvl nq| aygv ivRkvnx I XvKv wefvM 22,110
ni RwgZ f~v Pvl Kiv nq| GK PZy_vsk RvqMvi f~vi LoI hw` mvBjR Kiv nq Zv nj gvU
8,84,400 Ub mvBjR Drcv`b Kiv me| GB wecyj cwigvY DwQ m` wnmve eenvi Ki cvwY
Lvì Afve `~ixKiYmn cvwYRvZ Drcvw`Z èi Drcv`b LiP ejvsk Kgvbv hvq|
myweav t
AwaK Drcv`bkxj| fyv `vbv I Lo GKB msM AvniY Kiv hvq| ZvQvov nvBweW fyvi Lo
fyv`vbv msMni ciI meyR I mZR _vK dj Loi cywgvbI fvj _vK|
fyv iwe (bfî-deqvix) I Lwic ( gvP-Avei) Dfq gmygB Rb| ZvB fyvi Lo
nZ eQi `yB evi mvBjR Kiv hvq Ges mviv eQi cvwYLv` wnme eenvi Kiv hvq|
Kvb iKg èvw` hvM Kiv QvovB fyv Loi mvBjR Zix Kiv hvq Ze gvjvmm A_ev
BDwiqv hvM Ki mvBjR Zix Kij mvBjRi cywgvbI evo Ges AwaKKvj msiY
Kiv hvq|
nvBweW fyv nZ iwe I Lwic gmyg cwZ ni `vbv Drcb nq h_g 6-10 Ub I 4-5
Ub| ZvQvov cwZ FZyZ cwZ ni fyvi Lo Drcb& nq 25-50 Ub| GB Lo mvaibZ
Rvjvbx wnmve eeZ nq| wK GwU eenvi Ki DrK cvwYLv` Zix Kiv hvq|
`ki gvU fyv Drcv`b GjvKvi h_vg 54 kZvsk (15 j ni)Ges 25 kZvsk (7
j ni) GjvKv ivRkvnx I XvKv wefvMi Af~| ZvB G mg GjvKvq mgw^Z Lvgvi
ee vcbvi gvag fyv `vbv I Lo eenvi Ki WBix, exd, jqvi, eqjvi I QvMj
Drcv`b me|
wP 17.8 t fyv Lo msiY
eenvi cwZt
LvgvixMY nvBweW ev cPwjZ h Kvb fyv hgb eYvjx, gvni,, cvwmwdK11, cvwmwdK
60, cvwmwdK 393, evix-5 BZvw` iwe A_ev Lwic h Kvb gmyg jvMvZ cvib|
fyv MvQ nZ cwic fyvi gvPv DVvbvi ci mvBjR Kivi Rb fyv MvQ KZb Kiv nq|
fyv MvQ KZbi ci fvjfve mvBjR Kivi Rb fyv MvQK Uvi PvwjZ Pcvi gwkb ev
`v w`q 7-10 mtwgt mvBR UzKiv Kiv nq|
UzKivKZ G MvQK mvBjv wcU msiY Kiv nq|
GKwU mvBjv wcUi AvKwZ nZ cvi Gic hgb- 3 dzU Mfxi Zj`k 3 dzU ck,
gafvM 8 dzU ck,Ges DcwifvM 10 dzU ck| Gfve ZixKZ 100 eMdyUi GKwU
mvBjv wcU 2.5-3.0 Ub Nvm mvBjR wnmve msiY Kiv hvq|
eenvii mvebvt iwe I Lwic gmyg `ki Divj I XvKv wefvMi GjvKv mg~n fyv Lo
msiY Ki ^ LiP `y I Mi gvUvZvRv Kib Lvgvi cwZv Kiv me|
cwZ eenvii mZKZvt mvBjv wcU DuPz RvqMvq KiZ ne hvZ ewi cvwb Rgv nZ bv cvi Ges
cvwb Mwoq Pj hZ cvi| ZvQvov wcUi wfZi mvBjR hb AvUkvU Aevq _vK Ges evZvm I
cvwb cek KiZ bv cvi mw`K wekl j ivLZ ne|
17.7 Lvgvii eR nZ WvKDBW Drcv`b I Mv-Lv` wnme eenvi
WvKDBW GK aibi z`vKwZi QvU QvU RjR Dw` hv e mvZnxb Rjvkqi Dci `je fve
fm _vK| WvKDBWK gekZ AbK kIjv gb Ki wK cKZcGiv mcyK Dw`
A_vr Gì dzj nq| mcyK Dw` njI cKwZZ WvKDBW cavbZ Kzwo Drcv`bi gvag esk
ew Ki Ges GZ `Z wefvRb nq h, Av`k cwiek 8-16 NUvi ga GK KwR WvKDBW `yB
KwRZ cwiYZ nq hZ cvi| GQvov WvKDBWi cywgvbI h_| WvKDBW 40% ch Avwgl
_vKZ cvi | gvbe`ni I cvwYcvwLi Rb AvekKxq AvgvBbv GwmW jvi AwaKvsk WvKDBW
AvQ| GQvov WvKDBW chv cwigvb wfUvwgb G I wW we`gvb| GRb WvKDBWK gvQ I
cvwY-cvwLi Lv` wnmve eenvi Kiv hvq|
wP 17.9 t Rjvkq WvKDBW Drcv`b
cwZi msw weeiYx

Mevw`cvwY I nvum-gyiMx BZvwì Lv` mieivnKZ cywi 50-60% gj I g~ wnmve ewiq Avm hv
eZgvb AvswkK ev cwic~Y fve b ev AcPq nq| A_P GB gyjevb cyw Dcv`vb mg~nK eenvii
gvag cvwYcvLxi cyw Pvwn`v ejvsk c~iY me| Lvgvi Drcvw`Z wewfb eRi ga Mvei,
gyiMxi wev I Mvqvj avqv cvwb AbZg| GB Mvei ev wevK Avevi Aevqexq dvgUkb KiI
eenvi Kiv hZ cvi| mviYx 17.10 wewfb aibi eRi Mo cywgvb `qv nj|
mviYx 17.10 t Lvgvi Drcvw`Z wewfb aibi eRi Mo cywgvb
c`v_ Re c`v_ Ggvwbqv bvBUvRb
eRi bvg bvBUvRb (%)
(%) (%) (Mvg/KwR)
Mvei 21.60 79.19 1.83 0.184
gyiMxi wev 34.64 60.53 5.28 1.463
dvgUW Mvei 6.47 79.60 2.79 0.466
dvgUW gyiMxi
7.98 70.68 5.24 4.298
wev
Mvqvj avqv cvwb - - 0.005 0.024 (Mvg/wjUvi)
nuvmi wev wgwkZ
- - - 0.102(Mvg/wjUvi)
cvwb
QvU AvKvii Kwg cyKyi WvKDBW Pvl
cwjw_bi Kwg cyKzit G aibi cyKzi mgZj RvqMvq gvwU ev BUi Ìqvji Zix nZ cvi| hv 8
wgUvi j^v, 2 wgUvi ck Ges 0.5 wgUvi Mfxi nZ cvi| Gfve Zix AvqZKvi `qvji Dci
cwjw_b wewQq Kwg cyKzi Zix Kiv nq| cyKzi 30 - 35 mt wgt (cvq 1 dzU) ch cvwb w`q
WvKDBW Drcv`b Kiv nq| 16 eM wgUvi AvqZb Ges 0.35 wgUvi MfxiZv wewk cyKzi cvq 5600
wjUvi cvwbi cqvRb nq|
WvKDBW Drcv`b wewfb Lvgvi eRi gvv

mviYx 17.10 G `Lv hvQ h, wewfb aibi Lvgvi eRi cywgvb, weklZ, gvU bvBUvRb I
Ggvwbqv-bvBUvRbi cwigvY wfb| dj WvKDBW Drcv`b Gì eenvi gvvI wfb| mviYx
17.11 G 16 eM wgUvi AvqZb I 0.35 wgUvi cvwbi MfxiZv mb Kwg cwjw_bi cyKzi WvKDBW
Drcv`bi Rb wewfb aibi Lvgvi eR wK cwigvY eenvi Kiv ne Zv `qv nj|
mviYx 17.11 t 16 eM wgUvi AvqZb I 0.35 wgUvi cvwbi MfxiZv mb Kwg cwjw_bi cyKzi
WvKDBW Drcv`bi Rb wewfb aibi Lvgvi eR eenvii gvv Ges wgwWqvZ Ggvwbqvi cwigvY
cv_wgK eRi gvv `wbK eRi gvv wgwWqv Ggvwbqv
eRi bvg
(KwR) (KwR) (wgtMvt/wjt)
ZvRv Mvei 50 13 7.77
ZvRv gyiMxi wev 11 1 8.39
dvgUW Mvei 108 29 7.46
dvgUW gyiMxi wev 47 4 9.22
Mvqvj avqv cvwb m~Y cvwb m~Y cvwb 24
nuvmi wev wgwkZ
m~Y cvwb m~Y cvwb 100
cvwb
eRi cqvM
WvKDBW cyKzi cywi Dcv`vb GKwU wbw` gvvq ivLvi Rb c_g ekx cwigvb (mviYx 17.11
`Lyb) eR Dcv`vb w`Z nq| hnZz WvKDBW ewi mv_ mv_ cvwbZ èxf~Z cywi cwigvb KgZ
_vK, G Aevq WvKDBWi Drcv`b Avkvbyic ivLvi Rb cwZw`b mviYx 17.11 Abymvi eR w`Z
ne|
WvKDBW Pvli exRi gvv

wewfb aibi WvKDBW Pvl wfb gvvi exR w`Z nq| hgbt jgbv, Djwdqv I vBivWjvi
exRi gvv h_vg cwZ eM wgUvi 400, 500 Ges 600 Mvg|
`bw`b cwiPhv
1. cyKzii WvKDBW cwZw`b AZ GKevi bo w`Z nq hv WvKDBWi g~j Ges cvZvi gqjv
`~i Ki Gi cyw msMn mnR Ki| ZvRv Mvei Ges gyiMxi wev cyKzii Zj`k Aevqexq
dvgUkbi gvag Kveb WvB-AvBW I wg_b Drcv`b Ki hv eRmn mii gZ cyKzii
Dci fm DV dj WvKDBWi cyw kvlY eNvZ NU| GB miK f bv w`j
WvKDBW cywi Afve gvivhZ cvi| ZvQvov bvov Pvov WvKDBWi AR cRbbI mnvqZv
Ki|
2. vBivWjv wewfb aibi cvKv viv Avv nq| G cwZ wjUvi cvwbZ 2 wgt wjt
gjvw_qb eenvi KiZ ne| Ze jgbvI DjwdqvZ G aibi Kvb mgmv mvavibZ `Lv
hvq bv|
3. Re eR eenvii `Lv hvq h, `xN w`b ai GKwU cyKzi wbavwiZ cwigvY eR
eenvi Kiv mI 30-35 w`b ci WvKDBW Drcv`b KgZ _vK| G cwZ GK gvm ci
ci cvwb cwieZb Ki bZzb fve WvKDBW Drcv`b i KiZ ne|
WvKDBWi msMnt cwZ eM wgUvi 80-100 Mvg wnmve 16 eM wgUvi cyKyi _K `wbK 1.28-1.32
KwR WvKDBW msMn Kiv hvq|
Mvei/wev eenvi Kwg cyKzi WvKDBWi djbt Lvgvi eR _K Drcvw`Z WvKDBWi ga KuvPv
Aevq Drcv`b mePq ekx Djwdqv cRvwZi ( 1750 KwR/ nt/w`b)Gi ci jgbv(820
KwR/nt/w`b) I vBivWjvi (720 KwR/nt/w`b)| wK c`v_i wfwZ mePq ekx
Drcv`b jgbvZ Gici Djwdqv I vBivWjvi| mviYx 17.12G wewfb eR _K Drcvw`Z
vBivWjvi cywgvb `qv nj|
mviYx 17.12 wewfb Lvgvi eR eenvii gvag Drcvw`Z WvKDWi (vBivWjvi) cywgvb
WvKDBWi cywgvb
eeZ eRi bvg
c`v_ (%) Re c`v_(%) cvwUb (%)
KuvPv Mvei 10 88 33
KuvPv gyiMxi wev 7 96 37
dvgUW Mvei 8 98 41
dvgUW gyiMxi wev 8 98 40
en`vKvi Mevw` cvwYi Lvgvi WvKDBW Drcv`b
GKkZ cvk _K `yBkZ Mi wewk Mevw` cvwYi Lvgvi `wbK cvq 15000-20000 wjUvi cvwb
Mvqvj avqv, LvIqvbv Ges Abvb KvR eeZ nq| GB cvwbZ gjg~ wgk wewfb Re cyw
Dcv`vb mg nq hv WvKDBWi cyw mieivn KiZ cvi| G Mvqvjavqv cvwb c_g GKwU
cyKzi Rwgq wgbvivjvBRW Kiv nq| cieZxZ mB cvwbZB WvKDBW Drcv`b Kiv nq| G aibi
eR _K Drcvw`Z WvKDBWi(jgbvi) djb I bMZ gvb mviYx 17.13 G `qv njv|
mviYx 17.13 Mvqvj avqv cvwb eenvii gvag WBix jb WvKDBWi ( jgbvi) Mo Drcv`b
I cywgvb
KuvPv djb
WvKDBW c`v_ (%) Re c`v_(%) cvwUb (%)
(KwR/nt/w`b)
jgbv 520 5.43 72.56 31.54
cvwYLv` wnmve WvKDBWi eenvi

meyR Nvmi weK wnmve Mii Lv` WvKDBW eenvi Kiv hvq| GKwU Mi `wbK 10-12 KwR
KuvPv WvKDBW LZ cvi| G Kyov ev f~wli mv_ cwZ KwR WvKDBWi 100 Mvg cwigvb
gvjvmm wgkvZ nq| GZ Mii gvsm I `yai Drcv`b ew cvq|
Lvgvi Drcvw`Z eR eenvi WvKDBWi Drcv`b Ges cvwYLv` wnmve Gi eenvi Lv` LiP
ejvsk Kwgq w`Z cvi|
Drmt
* cvwYm` I cvw Drcv`b chyw wb`wkKv - evsjv`k cvwYm` MelYv BbwwUDU
gwWDj-18 t
Kwg cRbb
18.1 Kwg cRbbi iZ myweav I mxgveZv
eZgvb mviv wek Mevw` cvwYi RvZ Dbqbi Rb Kwg cRbb cwZ ej fve cPwjZ| Mevw`
cvwYi RvZ Dbqb Qvov Zvi Drcv`b ew I bMZgvb cwieZb Kiv me nq bv| eskMZ KviY
Mvfx ev ej` h_vg wbw` gvvq `ya Drcv`b Ki Ges AvKvi eo nq| Lv` eev Dbqbi
gvag PvwiwK ewk cwieZb Kiv me nq bv| ekx Drcv`bkxj RvZi lvuoi wmgb msMn Ki
MvfxK cRbb Kivbv nj DbZ bvejx Zvi evPvi `n mvwjZ nq| DbZ `k _K luvoi
cwieZ DbZ RvZi luvoi wmgb msMn Ki G`ki Mevw` cvwYi RvZ Dbqb Kivi GK gv gvag
Kwg
cRbb|
18.1.1 Kwg cRbbi myweav

GKwU luvo _K GKevi msMnxZ wmgb viv 100 - 400 Mvfx cRbb Kivbv hvq; dj
luvoi eenvi hvMZv ew cvq| GKwU luvoi mvivRxebi msMnxZ wmgb viv cvq GKj
_K ò j Mvfx cRbb Kivbv me|
AZ `Zvi mv_ DbZ RvZi luvo wbevPb KiZ myweav nq|
DbZ RvZi luvoi wmgb viv AwZ `Z Ges evcK wfwZ DbZ RvZi Mevw` cvwY Zix
Kiv me|
G cwZZ vbyi bvb cixv Kiv me nq|
AbybZ luvo Ges AcqvRbxq luvo evQv&B KiZ myweav nq|
luvoi RbMZ I eskMZ ivM wevi cwZiva Kiv hvq|
cRbb KvR eenvii Rb evowZ luvo cvjbi cqvRb nq bv|
h Kvb mgq h Kvb vb Kwg cRbb Kiv hvq|
Kwg cRbb cwZZ Kg LiP AbK ekx MvfxK cvj `qv hvq|
hb ivM msgb iva Kiv hvq| cvKwZK Dcvq cRbbi mgq wewfb hb ivM hgb t-
emvjvwmm, wfweIwmm UvBKvgwbqvwmm BZvw` gvivZK hb ivM mg~n luvoi gvag
Avv Mvfx _K Abvb Mvfxi ga msvwgZ nZ cvi|
Mvfxi RbMZ wU wKsev ivM evwa _vKj wbYq Kiv me I mnR nq|
wbevwPZ luvoi wmgb msiY Kiv hvq Ges cqvRbgZ h Kvb mgq eenvi Kiv hvq|
cqvRb nj we`k _K DbZ RvZi luvoi cwieZ A LiP Zvi wmgb Avg`vbx Kiv
hvq|
msMg Ag DbZ RvZi luvoi wmgb msMn Ki Zv eenvi Kiv hvq|
luvo I Mvfxi `wnK I AmvgmZvi Kvib cvKwZK cwZZ mve msMwVZ `yNUbv Govbv
hvq|
h mg Mvfx luvoK Dci DVZ Ìqv cQ` Ki bv m mg MvfxK Kwg cRbb
cwZZ cvj Ìqv hvq|
wfb wfb cRvwZi Mew` cvwYi ga cRbb NwUq ksKi RvZ mw Kiv hvq|
DbZ cvjb cwZ Abymib Ki mwVK cwimsLvb ivLv hvq|
18.1.2 Kwg cRbbi mxgveZvt

myfve cRbb Kivbv, wmgb msMn, msiY I eenii Rb ` Rbkwi cqvRb nq|
Mvfxi DRbv Kvj myfve wbYq KiZ nq|
cRbbi Rb iwZ luvoi Rb wekl cwiPhvi cqvRb nq|
MfeZx MvfxK f~jg Rivqyi Mfxi cRbb Kivj MfcvZ nIqvi mebv _vK|
Kwg cRbbi Rb eeZ hcvwZi g~j Zzjbvg~jK fve ekx|
Kwg cRbb KvRi Rb mnvqK MelYvMvii cqvRb nq|
18.2 Kwg cRbb djcm~ bv nIqvi KviYt

wmgb
wUc~Y fve cwienb|
wUc~Y msiY|
wUc~Y fve wmgb Kvb _K ei Kiv|
wmgb Kvb bvBUvRbi cwigvY Kg hvIqv|
wmgb Kvbi XvKwbi mv_ msjM jvj wmji wU|
wUc~Y _vBs cwZ|
cRbbKvix
cRbbKvixi AbwfZv|
wUc~Y I A`fve cRbb Kivbv|
cRbb AsMi wfZi fyj vb vby vcb|
Mvfxi Bvm m^ fyj avibv|
mwVK mgq cRbb bv Kiv|
RxevYy viv vby mswgZ nIqv|
wmgbi bMZ gvb mwVK bv _vKv|
cRbbi mivg RxevYyg bv _vKv|
cRbbi ci MvfxK wekvg bv Ìqv|
Mvfxi gvwjK
Mvfxi WvK Avmv welq mwVK Z_ c`vb bv KiZ cviv|
WvK Avmvi jY mwVK fve hvPvB bv KiZ cviv|
MvfxK mwVK fve cwiPhv bv Kiv|
mylg Lv` c`vb bv Kiv|
Mvfx
msgK ivM Avv nIqv|
hb ivM Avv nIqv|
Rbb A h Kvb aibi c`vn|
AwbqwgZ FZzP|
cybt cybt Mig nIqv I fyj ev djm Mig nIqvi jY cKvk cvIqv|
nigb wbtmibi Afve|
nigb wbtmib fvimvgnxbZv|
bxie Bvm|
AwaK eqm|
cywi Afve|
wmgb
gZ vbyhy wmgb eenvi|
`yej vbyhy wmgb eenvi|
wmgbi ga cqvRbi Zzjbvq vbyi msLv Kg _vKv|
Abyei luvoi wmgb eenvi|
eq A_ev Acv eq luvoi wmgb eenvi|
18.3 eKbv ev Mvfx Mig nIqvi jY

eKbv ev Mvfx Mig nj wewfb aibi ^fveMZ I kixiexq jY I cwieZb `Lv `q| Gjv
njv
eKbv ev Mvfx Akv _vKe Ges GKRvqMvq ùvwoq bv _K QUdU Kie|
Mig nIqvi iZ wbR Ab cvwYi Dci jvd wè Ges cyivcywi Mig Aevq Ab cvwYK
wbRi Dci jvd w`Z Dy Kie|
Ab cvwYK wbRi cvr`k PvUZ wè|
LvIqvi AvMn Kg hve I `yavjv Mvfxi nVvr Ki `ya `qv Kg hve|
eKbv ev MvfxK Lye mZK gb ne Ges memgq Kvb Lvov Ki _vKe|
NbNb A cwigvY cmve I cvqLvbv Kie|
jR bvoZ _vKe|
hvwb c_ w`q ^Q wgDKvm ev kv ei ne|
nvZ w`q hvwbgyL mvgvb duvK Kij fZiUv Ab mgqi Pq ekx jvjP `Lve|
Kzjvgi mvnvh mvwfi gyL `Lj gb ne mvwf Lvjv iqQ|
eKbv ev Mvfx nv^v nv^v Ki AbeiZ WvKZ _vKe|
i c_g BvRb I ci wjDwUbvBwRs nigvbi gvv eo hve|
18.4 eKbv ev Mvfx Mig nIqvi ci KiYxq
eKbv ev Mvfx Mig Aevq cavb KvR njv cvj Ìqv| GRb c_gB cvj Ìqvi Dchy mgq
wbYq KiZ ne| mvaviYZt Mvfx Mig nIqvi jY cKvk cvevi ci _K cieZx 18 NUvi ga
cvj w`jB Pj| Gvm avc i nIqvi 8 NUv ci MvfxZ Mig nIqvi jY cKvk cvq Ges
cieZx 18 NUv ch Mig Aev vqx _vK| Gici _K Mig Aev Pj hZ _vK| Mig Aevq
Avmvi i _K 6 NUvi ga cvj w`j mdjZvi nvi ne kZKiv 45 - 70 fvM Avi 7 _K 18
NUvi ga cvj w`j kZKiv 70 - 90 fvM ch mdjZv cvIqv hve| Ze mePq fvjv dj
cvIqv hve 12-18 NUvi ga cvj w`j| 18 NUvi ci cvj w`j gv^q mdjZvi nvi KgZ
_vKe|
cvj Ìqvi cwZ

1| cvKwZK cwZ t eKbv ev Mvfxi m cRbbg luvoi wgjbi gvag GB cwqv mvw`Z nq|
2| Kwg cwZ t G Kwgfve luvoi exh eKbv ev Mvfxi RbbZ cek Kivbv nq| eKbv
ev Mvfxi gjvi hvwb cwZ AbymiY Kiv nq _vK|
18.5 Mfvev ev MfaviY wbYqi cwZ

KqKwU cwZ viv Mvfxi Mfvev wbYq Kiv hvq t hgb-
1| evwnK jY `L|
2| nvZ w`q Avfixb cwieZb Abyfe Ki|
3| ivmvqwbK cixv, BZvw`|
evwnK cwieZb
Mvfxi Bvm P e ne, WvK Avme bv|
luvo Gwoq Pje Ges luvo I Mvfxi KvQ Avme bv|
Mvfx kv nq hve| Pnviv Dj nZ _vKe I ckg PKPK ne|
Mvfxi cU gkt eo nZ _vKe Ges kl w`K evPvi bovPov eySv hve|
Mvfxi `y Drcv`b gv^q Kg hve|
hvwbgyL gkt dzjv dzjv I big nZ _vKe|
Ijvb gB eo nZ _vKe I evU w`q `yai gZ Km ei ne|
Afixb cwieZb
iKUvj cvjckb cwZZ MfeZx Mvfxi Afixb cwieZb cixv Kiv nq Ges GUv cRbbi 6-
12 mvn ci KiZ ne|
Rivqyi Mxev e ne|
wW^vkq Kvicvm jywUqvg eo nZ _vKe|
90 w`bi ga Rivhyi nY -qi AvKvi AmvgmZv evSv hve A_vr MfavibKZ nY-Gi
ew nZ _vKe|
3 gvm 15 w`b nZ 4 gvmi ga Rivq~i agbxi `b evSv hve|
evPv ewi mv_ mv_ gv^q cUi w`K bg hve Ges Mfevi kl chvq cjwfK
KwfwU-Z Pj Avme|
iKUvj cvjckbi gvag Mfvev wbYq Kivi mgq wW^vkqK AwZwi bvovPvov Kiv wVK bq,
GZ Kvicvm jywUqvg web nIqvi AvksKv _vK|
ivmvqwbK cixv
G Rvib weRvib BbwWKUi eenvi Kiv nq| GKwU U wUDe 3 wgt wjt Mvfxi g~i
ga mvaviY Zvcgvvq 0.6 wgt wjt ebRvqU BbwWKUi hvM KiZ ne| wUDewU GKUz SvwKq
BbwWKUi I g~ fvjfve wgwkq w`Z ne,Ges 30 m. mgq Acv KiZ ne| BbwWKUi I
g~i wgkYwU meyR eY aviY Kie| MvfxwU MfeZx nj 10 wgwbU iL w`jI wgkYwU eYnxb ne
bv, wK Mfnxb Mvfxi g~ nj wgkYwU 30 mKi gaB c~ei eY aviY Kie|
Mf evPvi `N wbYqi m~t
evPvi `N = K(K+2) mwUwgUvi
K = Mfvevi gvmi msLv|
mviYx 18.1 Mfvevi wewfb mgq evPvi `N I IRb t

Mf evPvi eqm Mf evPvi `N Mf evPvi IRb
0-30 w`b 1 mt wgt 0.001 cvD
31-60 w`b 7 mt wgt 0.013 cvD
61-90 w`b 14 mt wgt 0.160 cvD
91-120 w`b 27 mt wgt 0.730 cvD
121-150 w`b 38 mt wgt 3.6 cvD
151-180 w`b 46 mt wgt 8.4 cvD
181-210 w`b 62 mt wgt 21 cvD
211-240 w`b 73 mt wgt 39 cvD
241-270 w`b 95 mt wgt 63 cvD
271 nZ cme ch 99 mt wgt 88 cvD
18.6 Mvfxi MfcvZi KviY|

wbvwiZ mgqi AvM AcwiYZ eqm gvZMf _K evPv ei nq Avmj ZvK MfcvZ ej|
mvaviYZt ivM RxevYyi msgY, kvixwiK AvNvZ, welwqv, wUc~Y wPwKrmv, Mfvevq fyjKi
cRbb, cywnxbZv BZvw` KviY Mvfxi MfcvZ nZ cvi|
ivM RxevYyi msgYt Mev`x cvwYZ emjvwmm, wfweIwmm, UvBKvwbqvwmm, jcUvmwcivwmm
BZvw` ivM MfcvZi KviY| ZvQvov Gb_v,zivivM, Mjvdzjv, Mv-em,BZvwì gZ gvivZK
ivMi KviYI MfcvZ nZ cvi|
kvixwiK AvNvZt Mfvevq Kvb gvivZK AvNvZ, AvQvo cov, AwZwi jvdvjvwd, QzUvQzwU ev KvRi
PvcI MfcvZ nZ cvi|
cywnxbZvt AcywRwbZ KviYI Mvfxi MfcvZ nZ cvi| wfUvwgb G, I wKQz LwbR c`v_ hgb -
Kvjwmqvg, dmdivm, AvqvwWb, Kvev BZvwì Afve Mvfxi AbyeiZv I MfcvZ nq|
welwqvt wewfb ivmvqwbK I flR c`v_ hgb- cUvwkqvg bvBUU, wmmv I AvimwbK RvZxq Jla
Ges wjeij I BmUvRb nigvb MfKvji h Kvb mgq MfcvZ NUvZ cvi|
wUc~Y wPwKrmvt Kvb Kvb mgq ivMi wUc~Y wPwKrmvi djI MfcvZ nZ cvi|
Mfvevq fyjKi cRbbt AbK mgq Mvfx MfaviY KijI Mig nZ cvi (3-7%) A_ev hw`
Mvfxi Kvb AvPiYK Migi jb ej ai wbq cRbb Kvivi eev bIqv nq Ze MfcvZ nq
hvq|
18.7 Mvfxi evZ I AbyeiZvi KviY, jb I cwZKvi

GKRb Mvfx cvjb&Kvixi wbKU mgq gZ Mvfxi MfaviY AZ Riix| mvb Drcv`b AgZvK
evZ ev AbyeiZv ej| GKwU MvfxZ wewfb KviY evZ ev AbyeiZv `Lv hZ cvi| hgb-
MVb RwbZ t kixii AbK RbMZ ev eskMZ wURwbZ KviY evZ ev AbyeiZv nq| hgb-
wW^vkq, mvwf BZvwì A^vfvweKZv| Mvfxi RgR evPv Rbi dj GKwU Gou AbwU eKbv nj
mvavibZt 91% fvM eKbv evQziwUK ev nZ `Lv hvq, GK BsiRxZ wdgvwUb ej|
AbK cvwYZ Avevi AsMi Kvb GKwU Ask _vK bv ev wVK gZ weKvk jvf Ki bv, Gme I
cvwY ev nq| vgvRg msLvi ZviZg njI cvwY ev nq|
`~NUbv RwbZt cRbb Z h Kvb aibi AvNvZi dj A_ev Rivqyi ewnMgb, hvwbi ewnMgb
BZvwì KviY Mvfx ev ev Abyei nZ cvi|
kixi exq KviYt wewfb nigvbi Afve I AwbqwgZ iYi dj MvfxZ ev ev AbyieiZv `Lv
`q| hgb- dwjKzjvi wgyjwUs nigvb, wjDwUbvBwRs nigvb, cvRib nigvb BZvw`|
GQvovI wW^vkqi wewfb ivM hgb- vqx Kicvm wjDwUqvg, wm, dwjKzjvi GUwd BZvw`|
cywMZt mylg Lvì Afve MvfxZ ev ev AbyieiZv `Lv hvq| hgb- wfUvwgb-G, wW,B I LwbR
c`v_i ga dmdivm, Kcvi, Kvev BZvwì Afve ev ev AbyieiZv `Lv hvq| Kvjwmqvgi
Afve evZi Kvb cgvY bB Ze dmdivm kixi KvR jvMvi Rb Lv` Kvjwmqvg Acwinvh|
cvwYi Lv` Kvjwmqvg I dmdivmi AbycvZ 2t1 nIqv evbxq|
gbvwZKt fq ev mvqyweK DRbvi dj cvwYi Mfavib wewNZ nZ cvi| weklZt eKbvi
cRbb wfwZ ev AwiZv A_ev gvvwZwi DRbvi ek G aibi AbyeiZv `Lv hvq|
ivM RwbZt wewfb msvgK hb ivM hgb-emjvwmm, UvBKvgvwbqvwmm, wfweIwmm,
jcUvmcvBivwmm BZvw` ivM A_ev Rbb Zi Abvb hgb- gUvBwUm, mvwfmvBwUm, cvqvgUv,
mvjwdbRvBwUm BZvw` ivM Mvfx ev ev Abyei nq|
eskMZt AbK mgq eskMZ KviY cvwY evZ ev AbyeiZv `Lv hvq| hgb- wd-gviwUb ev nvqvBU
nBdvi wWwRR nj cvwY ev nq|
wUc~Y eevcbvt jvjb-cvjb I eevcbvMZ wUi Kvib evZ ev AbyeiZv `Lv hvq| hgb
AhZ, Aenjv, Achv Lv`, AwbqwgZ `ya `vnb, cmeKvjxb Aenjv, BZvw`|
Abvbt wewfb welq hgb- cvwYi eqm,FZz, Zvcgvv, Avjv BZvw` cvwYi DeiZvi Dci cfve we
vi Ki| mvaviYZt 4 eQi eqm ch Mvfxi DeiZv ew cZ _vK I 6 eQi ch Zv weivR _vK|
wK 6 eQi ci _K DeiZv nvm cZ _vK| Mvfx mvaviYZt emKvj AwaK DeI _vK|
evZ ev AbyeiZvi jY
Mvfx evPv cmei 90-100 w`bi gaI Mig nq bv|
me mgq Mig _vK ev AwbqwgZfve Mig nq|
15 w`bi Kg mgq ev 28 w`bi ekx mgq ci ci Mig nq|
`xNw`b A_vr Mvfx GK eQi ev AwaK mgq Mig bv nIqv|
x cRbb Z _K Nvjv, cyR ev i wgwkZ wgDKvm wbMZ nIqv|
MfcvZ nIqv|
wZb evii AwaK cRbbi ciI MfaviY bv Kiv|
Mfdzj bv cov, Rivqyi ewnMgb BZvw`|
evZ ev AbyeiZv cwZKvii Dcvq

^vKi eevcbvq Mvfx cvjb KiZ ne|
mylg Lv` LvIqvZ ne|
mwVKfve Mvfxi MigKvj wbviY Ki mgqgZ cRbbi eev Mnb KiZ ne|
cRbb Z Kvb AmyL _vKj mgqgZ Zvi wPwKrmvi eev MnY KiZ ne|
cmei mgq mwVK hZ wbZ ne|
cmei ci Kgc 60-90 w`bi ga cybivq cRbb KivZ ne|
Drmt
* Kwg cRbb wb`wkKv - cvwYm` Awaì
* Kwg cRbb I Nvm Pvl gvbyqj - cvwYm` Awaì
*AvaywbK cvwYcvjb I eevcbv Uwbs gvbyqj - cvwYm` Awaì
gwWDj-19 t
evQzi cvjb
evQyi cvjbK mvavibZ cvji Dbqbi c~ekZ wnmve weePbv Kiv nq| KviY AvRKi evQzi
AvMvgxw`bi fwelr| evQzi jvjb-cvjb hw` h_vh_ bv Kiv nq Ze fwelr Drcv`b nvm cve|
GKUv wbw` mgq ch Mvfxi Drcv`b gZv eRvq _vK| chvqg DbZ RvZ Ges Drcv`bkxj
Mvfx viv Kg Drcv`bkxj MvfxK Acmvibi gvagB DP Drcv`bkxj cvj MVb Kiv me| ZvB
evQzi jvjb-cvjb AekB iZcY~ |
19.1.1 evQ~ii cwiPhv/hZ
evQzii MfKvjxb hZ t evQzii MfKvjxb hZ ejZ cavbZ gvqi hZB eySvq| G MfeZx
MvfxK AZ Mfi kl wZbgvm chv cyw mieivn KiZ ne| `ya `vnvbv nj axi axi kl
wZb gvm wKq djZ ne| MvfxK chv wekvg Ges cwiQb cwiek ivLZ ne| Ab Mii
mv_ hb gvivgvwi bv Ki Zv Lqvj ivLZ ne| cme wbKUeZx nj gUviwbwU cb ev Avjv`v vb
ivLZ ne|
Rbi cvvj hZt Mvfx cmei cvvj MvfxK AekB Avjv`v cwivi cwiQb Kbv RvqMvq
ivLZ ne| Acwivi muvZmZ RvqMvZ evQzi cme Kij evQzii wewfb cKvi ivM `Lv w`Z
cvi| ^vfvweK cmei jY eZxZ A^vfvweK jY cKvk cj cvwY wPwKrmKi civgk Mnb
Kiv KZe | G mgq Kbv Lo wewQq w`q cvk chv LvIqvi cvwbi eev KiZ ne|
Rbi ci evQzii hZt Rbi ci ciB evQziK Kbv LoKyUv ev Qvjvi Dci ivLZ ne| evQzii
bvK I gyL gj nZ jvjv ev wSwj cwivi KiZ ne| bZyev kvmi nq gviv hvIqvi mvebv
_vK| hw` evQzii kvm- ckvm wbZ K nq Ze eyKi cuvRii nvo Av Av wKQzY ci ci
KqK evi Pvc cqvM KiZ ne| evQzii bvK, gyL, bvfxZ duy w`jI fvj dj cvIqv hvq|
cqvRb kvm-ckvm eabKvix Jla eenvi Kiv hZ cvi| Rbi mv_ mv_ evQzii bvfxZ wKQz
GwUmcwUK hgb wUsPvi AvqvwWb, WUj ev mfjb jvMvZ ne| dj abysKv, bvfx dzjv BZvw`
nevi mvebv _vK bv| Mvfx hb Zvi evQziK PvUZ cvi m myhvM Ki w`Z ne A_ev Kbv Lo
ev Quov Kvco w`q evQzii kixi fvj fve gyQ w`Z ne| G Aevq evQziK cvwb w`q aZ Kiv
mgxwPb ne bv| KviY, cvwbi msk Avmj evQzii Vvv jM hZ cvi Ges bvbv aibi ivMi
DcmM `Lv w`Z cvi| evQzi DV ùvovj evQziK kvj`ya LvIqvZ ne|
evQzii Abvb hZ t evQzii cwZ me`vB mZK `w ivLZ ne| mgq gZ Lv` I cvwb mieivn w`Z
ne| ivM cwZivaK wUKv w`Z ne| enZ Lvgvi cwZwU evQziK Avjv`v Ki Pbvi Rb cqvRbxq
UvM bî w`Z ne| evQyi eo nIqvi mv_ mv_ wks KU djvB fvj| Zv bv nj wewfb aibi
`~NUbv NUZ cvi|
19.1.2 evQzii evmvb
evQzii Rb Dchy evmvb AZ cqvRb| ^vmZ evmvb evQziK ivMgy ivLvi cavb
mnvqK| evQziK ivMgy ivLvi Rb ZvìK Avjv`v Avjv`v Ni ivLZ ne Ges Gi dj cwZwU
evQzii iYveY mnR ne| AbK evQzi GKmv_ _vKj `~ej evQzijv AviI `~ej nq co|
Kvib `~ejjv mejì mv_ cwZhvMxZv Ki cqvRb gZ LZ cvi bv| evQzii Ni Xvjy Ges
Kbv I cwivi cwiQb nIqv DwPZ | evmvb chv Avjv evZvmi mivmwi ceki eev
_vKZ ne| MxKvj cP Mig I kxZKvj cP Vvv viv evQzijv hvZ wZM bv nq mw`K
Lqvj ivLZ ne| Nii gSZ Kbv Lo ev Qvjvi PU wewQq w`Z ne| MvgxY chvq euvk I
KvVi mvnvh AwZ mnRB Ni wbgvY Kiv hZ cvi| Ni Lv` I cwivi cvwb mieivni Rb cv
ivLZ ne| evQzii Ni muZmuZ gqjv AveRbvgq nj evQzii kvm K nq| myz eevcbvi Rb
evQziK wZb `j fvM Kiv hvq|
wP 19.1 t evQzii evmvb

K| GK eQii Kg eqmx|
L| GK eQii ekx eqmx eKbv evQzi|
M| GK eQii ekx eqmx Guo evQzi|
evQziK wZb mvn eqm ch c_Kfve I ci 3 gvm eqm ch 4-5 wUi `j Ki c_Kfve jvjb
cvjb Kiv Dg| GK eQii Kg eqmx evQzii Ni gvqi KvQvKvwQ I gyfve Nviv divi Rb
Nii mv_ Dby vb _vKe| evQzii Ni gvS eivei c_i `ycvk `vuovbvi eev I Dfq cvk
gyfve Pjvdivi Rb Dby vb _vKe|
mviYx 19.1 t evuav Ni evQzii Rb cqvRbxq RvqMv

gyfve wePiYi Dby vb
eqm Ni vb ( eMwgUvi)
(eMwgUvi)
1-3 gvm 1.8-2.3 0.9-1.8
3-6 gvm 2.3-2.8 2.8-3.7
6-12 gvm 2.8-3.7 4.6-5.5
12 gvm 3.7-4.6 5.5-9.2
19.2 I 3 evQzii Lv` eevcbv
evQzii Rbi ci _K 3 gvm eqm ch evQziK hZUzKz cywmvab Kiv ne cieZx RxebKvji ew
I Drcv`b Zvi Dci wmsnfvM wbfi Kie| Rbi c_g w`b _K mvaviYZt 3 gvm eqm ch
evQzii `wnK ew I IRb `Z evoZ _vK| G mgq hw` kixi cywi Afve nq Ze Gi hbvi
weKvk, heb cvw ìxZ Avme hvi dj Mf aviY I evPv Drcv`b Kg ne| AbK evQzi
cywi Afve ivMvv nq gvivI hZ cvi| Gme KviY Rbi ci _KB cwiwgZ Lv`
mieivni cwZ wekl j ivLv DwPZ|
Kjvvg ev KvPjv ev kvj`ya evPv Rbi c_g `yB Nvi ga LvIqvbv cqvRb| GB `ya evQzii
Rb AZ Dcv`q Lv`| Kbbv GB `ya Ggb KZwj Dcv`vb I GwUewW iqQ hv evQziK wewfb
ivM evjvB nZ iv Ki| A_P Mvg AbKB Mvfx cmei ci GB kvj`ya evQziK bv LvIqvq
cvwbZ dj `q| kvj`ya evQziK GKw`K Lv` mieivn Ki Abw`K evQzii ivM cwZiva
gZv ew Ki| kvj`ya cvwUbi fvM AZ ekx| GQvov GB `ya iqQ cPzi cwigvY wfUvwgb
G hv evQzii Rb AZ DcKvix| G kvj`ya evQzii iPb Kvhi Rb cwicvK ZK cwivi Ki
Ges Dchyfve wbqY Ki|
wP 19.2 t evQzi gvqi `ya LvQ

Rbi ci _K 4-6 gvm eqm ch evQziK `ya LvIqvbv DwPZ| Ze 1g gvm 3-4 wjUvii ekx
`ya bv LvIqvbvB fvj| Gici `ya bv LvIqvjI evQzii mylg eab Ges ^vi Kvb wZ nq bv|
evPvK Mvfx _K `ya Pzl LZ w`Z ne | GZ Mvfx ekx `ya wè Ges Mvfx ìxZ `ynxbv
ne| mvaviYZt evQziK `yejv `ya LZ w`Z ne Ges wbqwgZ GKB mgq `ya LvIqvZ ne| ò
gvm eqm ch kvixwiK IRbi kZKiv 10 fvM nvi `ya LvIqvZ ne| `yB mvn ci evPK `ya
mieivni mv_ mv_ A cwigvY KwP Nvm I `vbv`vi Lv` LvIqvbv DwPZ| bZzev Gi nRg gZv
Kg hve Ges cvKwji cwiccZv ìxZ Avme|
mviYx 19.2 t Rb _K `ya Qvov ch evQzii `ya mieivn
eqm `wbK ge
(K) 1-2 Nv eqm _K 7 w`b ch kvj`ya LvIqvZ ne| `vbv`vi I
0-7 w`b (1g 2 wjUvi
Lo Nvmi cqvRb bB| ( kixii IRbi 10% nvi `ya LvIqvZ
mvn ch) kvj`ya
ne)
(L) 2 mvn ci _K `vbv`vi Lv` A_vr Kvd vUvi ( 20% Avwgl
2q mvn 3 wjUvi
mg) Ges wKQz KwP meyR Nvm evQziK mieivn KiZ ne|
(M) 8 mvn eqm _K `wbK 0.5 KwR `vbv Lv` Ges 1 KwR nvi
3q-12 mvn 4 wjUvi
DP gvbi KwP big meyR Nvm w`Z ne|
13-16 mvn (N) 4 gvm eqmi evQziK `wbK 0.75 KwR `vbv Lv` Ges 3 KwR
3 wjUvi
(4 gvm) meyR KuvPv big Nvm w`Z ne|
(O) 5-6 gvm eqm Gi evQziK `wbK 1.0-1.5 KwR `vbv Lv` Ges 7
17-20 mvn
2 wjUvi KwR KuvPv big meyR Nvm mieivn Kiv DwPZ| `vbv Lv` Avwgli fvM
(5 gvm)
20% Gi Kg Ges Avuki fvM 10% Gi Dci _vKe bv|
21-24 mvn 1 wjUvi H
mviYx 19.3 t evQziK mivmwi gvqi (Mvfxi) `ya LvIqvbv

eqm Lv`
1g mvn Mvfxi evU Pzl evQziK `wbK mKvj weKvj kvj`ya LvIqvZ ne (2-3 evi)
2q mvn Mvfxi ^vfvweK `ya mKvj Ges weKvj cqvRbgZ LvIqvZ ne|
3-24 mvn mKvj Ges weKvj cqvRbgZ `ya LvIqvZ ne| meyR KwP big Nvm I `vbv Lv`
LvIqvZ ne|
25-50 `yai mv_ `wbK 1-1.5 KwR `vbv Lv`, 8 KwR meyR big Nvm A_ev 2-2.5 KwR
mvn Lo LvIqvZ ne|
12 gvm `wbK 1.5-2 KwR `vbv Lv`, 12-15 KwR KwP meyR big Nvm A_ev 3-4 KwR
(Da) Kbv Lo ìKvi
msKi RvZi evQziK evjwZZ `ya LvIqvbvi Afvm KivjI ^vi Zgb wZ nq bv| Ze
LvIqvbvi evmbc me mgq RxevYygy ivLZ ne Ges kixii Zvcgvvq `ya Mig Ki LvIqvZ
ne| Zvcgvvi Miwgj nj e`nRg ev cxov `Lv w`Z cvi|
evQzii Rb Lvì dig~jv
(K) evQzii Rb `vbv`vi Lv` wgkY dig~jv
1. Mgi fywl 30%
2. Lmvix fvsMv 10%
3. Qvjv fvsMv 10%
4. evwj 20%
5. wZji Lj 10%
6. gvwU KjvB fvsMv 10%
7. fyv fvsMv 5%
8. LwbR è 4%
9. jeY 1%
(L) wg wicmvi t Bnv wekl cwqvq cZ GK cKvi cvwYLv` hv `yai mg Dcv`vb viv MwVZ
Ges `yai cwieZ eenvi DchvMx| wg wicmvi Gi DcKiYwj wbgic-
wg wg cvDWvi 55 KwR
Qvbvi cvwb 35 KwR
Pwe (ZYR ev DwR) 10 KwR
IwiIgvBwmb 2000 AvB, BD
Lv` cvY- G Ges wW 1000 BD,Gm, wc|
(M) Kvd viUvi t Bnv evQzii DchvMx wekl `vbv`vi Lvì wgkY hvZ 20% Gi AwaK cwicvP
Avwgl Ges 10% Gi Kg Auvk hy Lv` _vK|
ZzjvexR (20% wW, wc I 7% Auvk) 38 KwR
fyv 30 KwR
he 10 KwR
Qvbvi uov 10 KwR
Mgi fywl 10 KwR
nvoi uov (wekvwaZ) 1 KwR
jeY 1 KwR
gvU 100 KwR
19.4 evQzii ^v wewa, ivM evwa I cwZKvi
BsiwRZ GKwU cev` AvQ Prevention is better than cure A_vr ivMi wPwKrmvi Pq
ivM hvZ bv nq m eev MnY KivB eyw gvbi KvR| evQzii ^v iv I ivMgy ivLvi Rb
wekl KqKwU wbqgi cwZ Lqvj ivLj fwelZ AmyL- wemyL nIqvi mvebv Kg _vK|
1. Rbi ciciB evQziK kvj`ya LvIqvZ ne| hnZz kvj`ya AwaK cwigvY GwUewW viv
MwVZ mnZz beRvZ evQzii Rb Bnv AZ cqvRbxq| GB kvj`ya LvIqvj evQzii ivM
cwZiva gZv ew cvq|
2. ^vmZ evmvb, cwivi mylg Lv`, cwivi cvwb, mev-hZ BZvwì cwZ j ivLv
ìKvi|
3. evQzi jvK c_K c_K ivLv DwPZ| my evQziK Kvb AevZB ivMvv cvwYi msk
hZ `qv hve bv| GZ ivM msgbi fq _vK|
4. evQzii kixi wbqwgZ cwivi Kiv DwPZ| Kbv Lo viv Zvì kixi Nm cwivi Ki
Mvmj Kivbv cqvRb|
5. Lvevi cv I cvwbi cv wbqwgZ cwivi Kiv DwPZ|
6. KzKzi, weovj, DKzb, AvUvjx, gkv-gvwQ, cvKv-gvKo G mei hb Dcè bv _vK Zv Lqvj
ivLv DwPZ|
7. Kvb ivMi jY cKvk cvIqv ev AmyZv `Lv `qvi mv_ mv_ mUvK Avjv`v Ki
ZwiZ wPwKrmvi eev I cwiPhv Kiv DwPZ|
8. ivM Kvb evQzi gviv Mj Zv gvwUZ cyZ ivLv ev cyo djv DwPZ|
9. eQi `yBevi A_vr elvi cvi I kiZi kl wbw` gvvq Kwg bvkK Jla eenvi Kij
evQzii `wnK ew fvj nq|
10. h me ivMi cwZlaK wUKv AvQ, mgqgZ m me wUKv `qv|
evQzii ivM evwa
Rbi ci _KB evQzii bvbvwea ivM-evwa nZ cvi| evQii Rb h Kvb ivMB gvivZK| KviY
eq cvwYi Pq evQzii ivM cwZiva gZv Kg _vK| Avgvì `k mvaviYZt evQzii h me
ivM nq, mjv njv
K) msvgK ivM
L) Kwg ev ciRxexRwbZ ivM
M) cvURvqvRwbZ ivM
N) mvaviY ivM-evwa|
K) msvgK ivM
evQzii bvbv aibi msvgK ivM nq _vK, hvi ga gvivZK ivMjv njv-
1|mv`v evn ev Kvd vIqvi 2.bfvj Bj ev bvfxi ivM 3. mvjgvbjvwm 4. evQzii wWc_wiqv 5.
wbDgvwbqv 6. ev`jv 7. ZoKv 8. Mjvdzjv 9. abysKvi 10.zivivM 11. RjvZsK 12. Mv-em|
L) Kwg ev ciRxexRwbZ ivM

ciRxex A_ cii Dci RxebaviYKvix| evQzii Dci wewfb& ciRxex RxebaviY Ki _vK| hjv
evQzii Kvb DcKvi bv Ki wZmvab Ki _vK| ciRxex mvavibZ `yB aibi nq hgbt-
(1)`nvfii ciRxex (2) ewnt`ni ciRxex
`nvfii ciRxext GwU Kwg| evQzi Lye ZvovZwo G Kwg viv Avv nq| Avgvì `k ewki
fvM evQziB `nvfii ciRxex A_vr Kwg viv Avv nq _vK| `nvfii ciRxex mvavibZ
wZb aibi nq hgb-
1)Mvj Kwg 2) wdZv Kwg 3) cvZv Kwg
`nvfii ciRxex evQyii AbK wZ Ki Kbbv Zviv kixi nZ cyw MnY Ki| ZvB Gme
ciRxex `gb evQziK `ygvm eqm nj KwgbvkK LvIqvbv Avi KiZ ne|
ewnt`ni ciRxext GjvK `ni cvKv ejv nq| evQzii ZK evm Ki ZKi h_ wZ Ki
_vK| ewnt`ni ciRxexi ga evQzi AvuVvwj, DKzb, gvwQ, gvBUm wekl DjLhvM| ewnt`ni
ciRxex `gb evQzii kixi ayq cwivi ivLZ ne| evQzii eqm 6 gvm nj ewnt`ni ciRxex
asmKvix Jla cqvM KiZ ne|
M) cvUvRvqvRwbZ ivM
cvUvRvqv GK cKvi GKKvlx Rxe ev Av`cvYx| evQzi wewfb aibi cvUvRvqv hgb t
eewmqv, GbvcvRgv, KKwmwWqv viv Avv nq _vK| Ze evQzi mvaviYZt KKwmwWqv bvgK
cvUvRvqvi AvgY ekx nZ `Lv hvq|
N) mvaviY ivM-evwa
evQzii mvaviYZt ivM-evwai ga iqQ welwqvRwbZ ivM, AcywRwbZ ivM, cwicvKZi
wewfb ivM hgb t cU duvcv, D`vivgq, KvKvwVY Ges wecvKxq ivM|
evQzii ivM cwZiva eev

jvfRbK Mevw` cvwY cvjb ivMevjvB AbZg cavb mgmv| G mgmvK KvhKix fve cwZnZ
KiZ ne| h mKj ivMi wUKv cvIqv hvq m mKj ivMi wUKv mwVK mgq Ìqvi eev KiZ
ne| ZvQvov evQzi wewfb Kwg viv Avv nq| wekl Ki KuPv Kwg evQzii gvivZK wZ mvab
Ki _vK| gvqi i cevni mv_ Mf evPv Ges gvqi `yai gvagI evQzi G Kwg viv Avv
nq| evQzi Rbi ci ciB GK mvn eqmi gaB evQzii IRb AbycvZ myweavRbK Kvb KwgbvkK
Jla LvIqvZ ne|
nVvr Ki Kvb KviY evPv hb Amy nq bv co m Rb cqvRbxq eev MnY Kiv ìKvi:
1| Mvfxi Lvevi cPzi cwigvY wfUvwgb _vKv cqvRb| GZ Ki evPvi ivM cwZiva gZv
evoe|
2| evPv Rb bevi 48 NUv ch evPvK cPzi cwigvY Mvfxi kvj`ya LvIqvZ ne| GZ evPvi
ivM cwZiva gZv mw ne|
3| `~ej evQziK cPzi `ya LvIqvZ ne|
4| evQziK me mgq cwivi cwiQb I Kbv vb ivLZ ne|
5| Lvevii cv I cvwbi cv me mgq cwivi cwiQb ivLZ ne|
6| nVvr evQzii hb Vvv ev Mig bv jvM m w`K mZK `w ivLZ ne|
7| KqK w`b ci ci cwivi Ki weQvbv e`j Ki bZzb Ki Kbv Lo w`q weQvbv Ki w`Z
ne|
Drmt
gwWDj-20 t
Mvfx cvjb
wbR^ cwiek wbR evwoZ 1-5wU Mvfx cvjb KivK cvwievwiKfve Mvfx cvjb eySvq| cwievii
AvKvi, Rxebhvvi gvb I g~jabi Dci Mvfxi msLv wbfi Ki| AbK Abi Mvfx eMv wbq
cvjb Ki _vK| Mvfx cvjb cwievii mQjZv I Avq ew Ki I cvkvcvwk `yai Pvwn`v gUvq|
Mvfx cvjbi Rb cvjbKvixK Mvfx cvjbi weeP welq, evmvb, Lv`, Mvmj ev evk Kivbv mn
mevevq Mvfxi cwiPhv mK cwic~Y vb _vKZ ne| Mvfx cvjbi gvag eKvi hyeKì
eKviZ `~i nq I Kgmsvbi myhvM mw nq|
20.1 Mvfx cvjbi weeP welq

1| Mvfxi RvZ t wbR^ cQ`, AvenvIqv I cvwicvwkK Aevi Dci wfw Ki Mvfxi RvZ wbevPb
KiZ ne| GjvKvi RbMYi Pvwn`v I evRvi ì weePbv KiZ ne, mvaviYZt h Mvfx ewk `ya
`q I cwieki mv_ DchvMx Zvì cvjb KiZ ne|
2| Mvfx cwZ Drcv`b gZv t cwZwU Mvfxi wbR^ Drcv`bi cwigvYi GKwU wbZg mxgviLv _vKv
DwPZ| Kvb Mvfxi Drcv`bi gZv mxgviLvi wbP bg Mj ZvK ev` w`Z ne| cwZwU Mvfxi
Drcv`b gZv ewi j cvjbKvixK mRvM `w iL Kgcv MnY KiZ ne|
3| Mvfxi msLv t cvjbKvixi g~jab, myhvM-myweav Ges eevcbvi Dci wbfi KiB Mvfxi msLv
wbw` KiZ ne| G msLv KvbfveB wbw` msLvi Kg ev ewk ne bv| KviY Mvfxi msLv
evovjB h msLvbycvZ Avq evoe Zv wVK bq|
4| Mvfxi kvixwiK Aev t Mvfxi kvixwiK Aevi Dci Drcv`b wbfi Ki| Mvfx cvjb AekB
Mvfxi kvixwiK Aev weePbv KiZ ne|
5| Mvfxi Lv` t Lvì YMZ gvb, aib Ges cQ`-AcQ` I Kvb cKvii MvfxK KLb wKfve
KZUzKz Lv` w`Z ne Zv iZi mv_ weePbv KiZ ne| MvfxK RxebaviY I Drcv`bi Rb
Lv` mieivn KiZ ne|
6| Lv` mieivn t Mvfx cvjb Lv` mieivn eev nj cavb mgmv| Mvfxi Rb KuvPv I Kvbv
Nvm, Lo I wePvjx, Wvj RvZxq km, Mg, fyv cfwZ wbR^ LvgviB Drcv`b Kivi eev ivLv fvj|
`vbv`vi Lv` gmygi mgq q Ki msiY Ki ivLv fvj|
7| bZzb Mvfxi Avg`vwb t cvjbi avivevwnKZv eRvq ivLvi Rb QuvUvB Kiv Mvfxi RvqMvq
DbZgvbi Mvfx Avg`vwb KiZ ne| Mvfxi wbR^ Drcv`b Kg hvIqv, ^vnvbx, ivMvv Mvfx I
msLv eo hvIqv ev AwZwi Mvfx QuvUvB KiZ ne|
8| wewbqvM t Mvfx cvjbi Rb Ni-evox I hcvwZ q Kiv GKv cqvRb| Gjv q Kivi
mgq Lqvj ivLZ ne h, Gi dj kg LiP I mgq euvPe wKbv, Abvqvm KvR Kiv meci wKbv,
^v ivi Rb `yai YvY ew cve wKbv BZvw` weePbv Kivi ci wewbqvM evovbv hZ cvi|
9| evRvi cwiwwZ t Mvfx cvjb GjvKvi jvKRbi Pvwn`v, q gZv, evRviRvZKiYi myhvM-
myweav weePbv Kiv GKv cqvRb| GQvov `bw`b cqvRbxq gvjvgvj Avbv-bqvi Rb ivv-NvU,
hvbevnb AvQ wKbv ZvI `LZ ne|
10| eevcbv t Mvfx cvjb 24 NUvi KLb wKfve MvfxK LvIqvZ ne, Ni cwivi-cwiQb
KiZ ne I Drcv`bi cwZ Kov bRi ivLZ ne| cRbb wewamZ nQ wKbv, wK cwZZ
LvgviK ivMgy ivLv hvq, Drcvw`Z cY mwVKfve weZiY nQ wKbv, weqj A_ wVKgZ Rgv
nQ wKbv, cwiek `~lY gy _vKQ wKbv BZvw` welq mgK vb ivLZ ne|
11| èi Drcv`b t Mvfx cvjbi gyL Dk nj DrK gvbi `ya, `yRvZ è, gvsm BZvw`
Drcv`bi gvag A_bwZK KvVvgv my`p Kiv| DrKgvbi `ya cvIqvi c_g I cavb kZ nj
`vnb KvR wbqvwRZ Mvqvjv, eenviKZ cv I hcvwZ cwivi I RxevYygy Kiv| wZxq kZ
`ya RxevYyi msLv nvm Kiv| 3q kZ AcxwZKi ^v` ev Mgy nIqv| 4_ kZ ivMgy I ^vevb
Mvfx I cwiPhvKvix| Mvfxi Ni cwivi-cwiQb I RxevYybvkK Jla w`q gvS gvS kvab KiZ
ne, hvZ Kvb cKvi gnvgvix jvMZ bv cvi| Gw`Kjv weklfve weePbvq AvbZ ne|
12| bw_ci eenvi t Mvfx cvjb myz I myìfve cwiPvjbv I eevcbv Kivi Rb Dchy bw_
ivLZ ne| `bw`b bw_c iYveY Kij Lvgvii mwVK wP GKbRi `Lv hvq I mfve
KvR Kiv hvq| Avq-eq wbfi Ki bw_c weePbv Ki KvR Kivi Dci|
13| Mvfxi eskew t my, mej I `vlgy Mvfx mvaviYZt cwZ eQiB GKwU Ki evPv cme Ki|
Mvfxi msLv ew KiZ nj Drcv`bg Mvfx cvjb KiZ ne I jvfevb nIqv hve|
14| ii mgq t Kvb mgq _K Mvfx cvjb i Kij ewk jvfevb nIqv hve I MvfxK cwZK~j
cwiek _K iv Kiv hve Zv weePbv KiZ ne|
15| gvwjKi bcyY t `Zvi mv_ KgPvix cwiPvjbvi DciB mdjZv ejvsk wbfi Ki| Mvfx
cvjb myzfve eevcbv Kivi wZbwU g~jg- 1g cvjbi hveZxq KvRi GKwU wbLyuZ Lmov evbvbv|
2q wewfb kvLvi KvR Kg mwVKfve eUb Kiv I 3q wVKgZ KvR nQ wKbv Zv `Lvbv Kiv Ges
mgqgZv Dc`k I civgk Ìqv|
20.2 AwaK `ya Drcv`bkxj Mvfxi ewk I viKvW
h Mvfx AwaK `ya `q Zvi kvixwiK AvKvi I wewfb wekl wekl ewk `LB MvfxwUi `ya
Drcv`b mK cvq wbwZ avibv Kiv hvq| KvRB Kvb ew hLb `yai Rb Mvfx wKbZ evRvi
ev Ab Kv_vI Mi `LZ hvb ZLb Mvfxi gvwjK ev `vjvj MvfxwUi `ya Drcv`b mK h Z_B
w`K bv Kb qKvix ew hw` AwaK `y`vbkxj Mvfxi ewk mK ^Q avibv _vK Ze wZwb
wbRB MvfxwU fvjfve `L hvPvB Ki `y Drcv`b gZv mK avibv KiZ cvieb|
ekx Drcv`bkxj Mvfx wbevPbi Rb iZcYy ewkjv-
gv_v t gv_v nvjKv I QvU AvKvii, Kcvj ck I Dj PvL ne|

`wnK AvKwZ t `ni mvgbi w`K nvjKv, wcQbi w`K fvix I mymsMwVZ ne| Mvfxi mg AsM
cZ mvgmc~Y I myMwVZ ne| `wnK AvKvi AvKlYxq I kixii MVb wXjv ne|
cuvRi t cuvRii nvo Abyfe Kiv hve I nvoi MVb wXjv ne|
Pvgov t Pvgov cvZjv ne| Pvgovi wbP AnZzK Pwe Rgv _vKe bv| Pvgovi is Dj ne| jvg
gmY I PKPK ne|
Ijvb t Ijvb eo I myMwVZ Ges `ni mv_ mvgmc~Y ne| wcQbi `yB cvqi gaeZx vb ck
ne| evUjv GKB AvKvii ne| PviwU evU mgvb `~iZ I mgvivj ne| Ijvb `LB `y avib
gZv Abygvb Kiv hve|
`y wkiv t `y wkiv gvUv I ne| ZjcU bvfxi cvk w`q `y wkiv AuvKveuvKv fve weZ
_vKe|
wP 20.1t AwaK `ya Drcv`bkxj Mvfx
Mvfx g~jvqbi KwZZ -c (viKvW)
ewk c~Ygvb Mvfx cvgvb

(K) mvaviY AvKwZt 30
AvKlbxq Pnviv, Mvfx myjf AvKwZ, mvgmc~Y I wbLyuZ A cZ,
myì I AvKlbxq MwZwewa|
(L) `yavj ewk t 20
wXjXvjv kixi, KwbK MVb, AcqvRbxq ckxgy, Pvgov cvZjv|
(M) `ni MVb t 20
`ni AvKvi ne ek eo, `ni AvKvi AbycvZ eyKi I cUi eo
Mfxi nIqv Dg| cuvRiwj ne ek wfb wfb Ges xZ|
(N) Ijvbi ewk t 30
Ijvb ne ek eo Ges AwaK `y avib gZv mb| Ijvb kixii
m kfve AvUKvbv _vKv fvj| Ijvbi MVb ne myì| euvUwj
ne GKB AvKvii Ges mgvivj fve mvRvbv|
gvU 100
20.3 Mf Kvjxb mgq Mvfxi/eKbvi hZ I cwiPhv|

Mvfx mvaviYZt 270-290 w`b wbR Mf evQzi enb Ki| GB mgqK MfKvj(Gestation Preiod)
ej| Mfvevq Mvfxi hZ I Abvb cwiPhvi DciB ^vfvweK cme, fvj evQzi, `y Drcv`b I
cieZx Kvj ^vfvweK MfaviY wbfi Ki| KvRB Mvfx cvjbi MfeZx Mvfxi hZ I Lv`
AZ iZcY~ |
wbgwjwLZ fve MfeZx Mvfxi hZ wbZ ne|

Mvfxi MfaviY Kvji wnmve I mve evPv cmei ZvwiL Rvbv _vKZ ne|
MfKvji mvZ gvm ch Mvfxi Lv`, cwiPhv, `ya `vnb, ^vfvweK fveB Pje| Ze 7
gvmi ciB MvfxK AekB c_K KiZ ne| GB mgq Lv`, cwiPhv I evmvb Mvfxi
Aevi DchvMx nZ ne|
chv Avjv evZvm hy mycwimi, mnRB Mvfx bovPov KiZ cvi GiKg Ni ivLZ ne|
Mvfxi Ni `wbK cwivi cwiQb KiZ ne Ges cqvRb nj RxevYybvkK Jla wgwkZ cvwb
viv Ni ayq w`Z ne|
Mvfx hb co wMq AvNvZ bv cvq mw`K Lqvj ivLZ ne|
MfeZx Mvfxi Dci Ab Kvb Mi ev cvYx hb jvwdq DVZ bv cvi mw`K Lqvj ivLZ
ne|
Mfvevi 7-8 gvm `ya `vnb e KiZ ne| `yai cevn e bv nj `vbv Lv` wKQzUv
Kwgq w`Z ne Ze Ggbfve Kgvbv hve bv hvZ Mvfxi ^v f hvIqvi AvksKv
_vK|
Mvfxi kvevi RvqMvZ Lo w`q weQvbv Zix Ki w`Z ne| weQvbvi Lo bvsiv nq Mj
Zv cwieZb Ki w`Z ne, ZvQvov weQvbvi Lo `wbK iv` KvZ ne|
MvfxK KvbgB fq cvIqvbv, `Z Zvovbv ev DwRZ / Dv Kiv Pje bv|
MfeZx Mvfx viv nvjUvbv, fvienb, dmj gvovB BZw` KvR Kivbv hve bv|
cmei `yB mvn AvM mnR nRg nq I kixi Vvv _vK Ggb Lv` LvIqvZ ne| G Ae
vq Mvfx hb chv we cvwb cvq Zvi eev KiZ ne| kxZi mgq cvwb Kzmyg Kzmyg
Mig Ki w`Z ne|
Migi w`b nj MvfxK cwZw`b Mvmj KivZ ne|
Avmb cmev MvfxK me mgq PvL PvL ivLZ ne| cmei 2/3 w`b AvM _K 24 NUv
Zx `w ivLZ ne|
20.4 Mvfx/eKbvi cmei c~evfvm Ges KiYxq

jY
Mvfxi Ijvb eo nq hve I euvU w`q `yaRvZxq Zij c`v_ ei ne|
hvwbgyL eo nq Szj hvq Ges big I dvjv nq hve|
cU Szj co| jRi Mvovq `yB cvki iMi vb MZi gZ ne|
hvwbgyL w`q AvVvj Zij c`v_ wbMZ ne| Mvfx Nb Nb cmve Kivi Pv Kie|
P~ov chvq ^vfvweK cmei evQzii mvgbi `yB cv I bvK `Lv hve|
Mvfxi cmeKvjxb cwiPhv

cmeKvjxb jb `L mwVKfve cwiPhv KiZ ne|
cmei mgq MvfxK cwivi-cwiQb Avivg`vqK weQvbvq jvK PvLi Avovj wbwiwewj
vb ivLZ ne I KzKzi, weovj, wkqvj hb cwiek Akv bv Ki mw`K bRi ivLZ
ne|
cmei c~e _K wPwKrmKi mv_ hvMvhvM ivLZ ne|
cmei mgq cm~Z evPv mvavibZ mvgbi `ycvqi ga gv_v w`q ewiq Avme| Gi
ewZg nj mv_ mv_ wPwKrmKi civgk gvZveK KvR KiZ ne|
cmeKvjxb mgq Mvfx evievi DVv-emv Kie| G mgq mveavbi mv_ axi axi evQziK
ei KiZ ne|
cmei 2/1 w`b AvM _K ivZ cvnviv w`Z ne hb Mvfx cme Kij Mfdzj Lq bv
Lq djZ cvi| KviY GZ Mvfxi gvivZK wZ nq|
20.5 cmevi Mvfxi hZ I cwiPhv
evPv cmei ci ciB wbgcvZv ev cUvwmqvg cvigvvbU Gi wKQz `vbv mnhvM cvwb Mig
Ki Mvfxi RbbZi evBii Ask, dvsK Ges jR cwivi KiZ ne|
Mvfxi Vvv jvMj DZvi eev KiZ ne|
Kzmyg Kzmyg Mig cvwb GiKg cvwbZ Zix oi mieZ MvfxK LvIqvbv hZ cvi|
Mvfx hvZ beRvZRK evQziK PvUZ cvi GRb evQziK Mvfxi KvQ hZ w`Z ne|
cmei ciciB MvfxK AvswkKfve `vnb KiZ ne|
mvaviYZt cmei 2-4 NUvi gaB Mfdzj ei nq hvq| 12 NUvi ciI Mfdzj ei bv
nj wPwKrmvi eev KiZ ne|
Mfdzj ei nIqvi mv_ mv_ Zv gvwUZ cu~Z djZ ne| Mvfx hb Mfdzj bv Lq dj
mw`K j ivLZ ne|
evQziK KvPjv ev Kjvg LvIqvbvi Rb Ijvbi evuU PzlZ w`Z ne|
MvfxK c_gZt nvjKv Mig cvwbZ Mgi f~wl wfwRq LZ w`Z ne| GKB mv_ A
cwigvY KuvPv NvmI LvIqvbv hZ cvi| evPv cmei 2 w`b ci _K MvfxK `vbv`vi Lv`
LvIqvbv i KiZ ne|
Mvfx `vnbi AvM I ci Mvfxi Ijvb, ZjcU, Avk-cvk Clr D Mig cvwb w`q ayq
cwivi Kvco viv gyQ w`Z ne|
evQziK `ya LvIqvbvi AvM Ijvb GKBfve ayq gyQ wbZ ne Ges G c_g LvwbKUv
`ya dj w`q ci evQziK LZ w`Z ne| KviY evuUi c_g `ya gqjv I RxevYy _vKZ
cvi|
evQziK `ya Pzl LZ Ìqv DwPZ, Gi dj Mvfx ìxZ `ynxbv nq| evQzi evuU Pzlj GK
aibi wgyjkvb nIqvq `y`vbi nigvb wbtmZ nq|
Mvfxi Ni cwivi cwiQb ivLZ ne I kvevi RvqMvq cwivi Kbv Loi big weQvbv
Ki w`Z ne|
20.6 Mvfxi evmvb eevcbv
evmvb ejZ wewfb cwZK~jZv ( hgb- SoSvcUv ev cvKwZK `yhvM, iv`, ew BZvw`), wewfb
cKvi wnsm cvYxi AvgY, cvKvgvKo, Pvi I msvgK evwa _K iv Ki MncvwjZ cvwY ev
cvwLi mwVK DrKl mvab, Dchy Lv` eev I cRbb myhvM-myweav Ges hveZxq cwiPhvi
mye`ve Ki wbivc` Avkq `qvK eySvq|
Dby evmvb
G aibi evmvb Mevw` cvwYK Qo cvjb Kiv hvq| Gi wfZi Avkq, Lv` eevcbv, cRbb
eev _vKe| GLvb `ya `vnb, evQzi _vKv, evPv cmei Ni, Lv` cv, cvwbi cv BZvwì
myeev _vKe| gjg~ I Ni-avqvi cvwb hvZ mnR wbvwkZ nZ cvi Zvi Rb Xvjy cvKv Wb
_vKe| Nii QvDwb XDwUb ev Ab wKQz w`q Zix ne| Nii mv_B cvwYi gyfve Pjvi Rb
BUi mvwjs hy vb _vKe| GLvb cvwYi Rb Lv` cv 2-2.5 dzU Ges Lvì cvi mv_ 1 dzU
PIov cvwbi cv _vKe| Mvfxi Nii mv_ GKcvk evQzii Rb c_K RvqMv Ges mv_ gyfve
wePiYi Rb Lvjv vbI _vKe| Gic evmvb RvqMv ekx ìKvi nq, eevcbvI KKi Ges
eqej|
evmvbi kYx webvm
evmvb
Db/D`vg Ni evauv Ni
GK mvwi wewk evauvNi `y mvwi wewk evauvNi
wfZigyLx Ni/ gyLvgywL Ni evwni gywL Ni
wP 20.2 t evmvbi kYxwebvm
mviYx 20.2 t Dby evmvb Mvfx I evQzii Rb cqvRbxq RvqMv

cvwYi aib Nii vb/cvwY (e.wg) Dby vb/cvwY( e. Lv` cv ( m. wg.)
wg.)
eKbv I Guo evQzi 2.5-3 5-6 37.5-50
Mvfx 3-3.5 8-10 50-60
MfeZx Mvfx 10-12 18-20 60-70
luvo 12-24 20-25 60-70
euvavNi
G aibi evmvb Mi euvav Aevq _vK| AvaywbK Lvgvi eevcbvq Gic evmvb Zix Kiv nq|
myz I ^vmZ eevcbvi Rb AvaywbK Lvgvi mvaviYZt `yeZx Mvfxi, evPv cmei, Amy
cvwYi, evQzii I luvo ev ejì Rb Avjv`v Avjv`v Ni _vKv ìKvi| GQvovI Awdm,`vg,
viig, Mii Mvei I bvsiv AveRbv Rgvbvi vb BZvw` _vK|
`yeZx Mvfxi euvavNi

G Mvfxi Rb AZ 3-4 e.wg. RvqMv ìKvi| 4/5 wU Mvfxi Rb GK mvwiZ GK Pvjv Ni
Ges 10 wUi ekx nj `ymvwiZ `vPvjv Ni Zix KiZ ne| mvwi Ki Mi ivLvi cvkvcvwk
cwZwUi Rb 1-1.5 wg. RvqMv jvM| cwZwU Mvfxi Rb Avjv`v Ki BU ev KswUi Zix Lv` I
cvwbi cv _vKe| Lv` I cvwbi cv Ggb fve Zix KiZ ne hb Mi cvi ga cv XyK w`Z
bv cvi| Lv` cv ivR cwivi KiZ ne| GK mvwi Ni Mvfxi wcQb AMfxi 5-7.5 m.wg.
PIov Wb ivLZ ne| Mvfxi Nii mKj AveRbv Wb w`q evBi cavb b`gvq covi Rb Nii
gS wcQbi w`K mvgvb Xvjy ne|
`ymvwi gyLvgywL Ni Zix KiZ gvS eivei 1.5 wg. PIov hvZvqvZi ev Lv` mieivni c_ ivLZ
ne| Gici `ymvwiZ 75 m. wg. PIov Ki Lv` cv, Zvici 1.5 wg. PIov Mvfx ùvovbvi vb,
Gici 30 m. wg. PIov b`gv Zix KiZ ne| ewngLy x Nii Dfq cv 90 m. wg.PIov Ki
wP 20. 3 t `y mvwi ewni gywL Ni wP 20.4 t `y mvwi wfZi gywL Ni
PjvPj ev Lv` mieivni c_ _vKe| Gici wfZii Dfq w`K 75 m. wg. PIov Ki Lv` I
cvwbi cv _vKe| Gici cvk `ymvwi Mvfxi Rb 1.2 wg. cvk Ges 1.5 wg. j^v Ki j Zix
KiZ ne| Mvfxi wcQb `ymvwiZ 30 m. wg. PIov b`gv _vKe| `yw`Ki b`gvi gvSLvb 1 wg.
PIov mvaviY PjvPji c_ _vKe| Mvfxi Nii gS I Lv` cv BZvw` cvKv nIqvq fvj, Ze
Mvfx hvZ bv co m Rb gS AgmY ivLZ nq| Nii gS gReyZ I gk Xvjy ne|
evPv cmei Ni t cmei Ni chv Avjv- evZvm hy 9-14 e. wg. AvqZb wewk nZ ne| G Ni
Lo ev Ab wKQz viv big weQbv _vKZ ne| `yeZx Mvfxi Ni _K G Ni c_K ne|
Amy cvwYi Ni t Mevw` cvwY wewfb cKvi msvgK ivM viv Avv nj ev Amy nj G Ni ivLv
nq| G Ni 14 e.wg. AvqZb wewk I Lvgvii Abvb Ni _K ek LvwbKUv `~i Zix KiZ nq|
evQzii Ni t evQzi cvjb AvjvPbv Kiv nqQ|
luvoi Nit cPyi Avjv-evZvm hy cvKv gS wewk 1.3 I 0.9 eMwgUvi AvqZbi 0.36 wg. ck
I 0.64 wgUvi DPZvi ìRv wewk NiB luvoi Rb h_| cwZwU cvwYi Lv` I cvwbi cv wfb ne
I Nii wfZi bv wMqB hvZ Lv` I cvwb LZ cvi Zvi eev _vKZ ne| myz eevcbvi
cvkvcvwk gyfve Pjvdivi Rb 18.4 - 23 eMwgUvi AvqZbi duvKv vb _vKe|
20.7 Mvfxi Lv` I cyw eevcbv
mylg Lv` ejZ H me Lv`K eySvq, h me Lv` cvYxi cqvRbxq Dcv`vbwj ( kKiv, Avwgl,
Pwe, LwbR c`v_, wfUvwgb I cvwb) AvbycvwZK nvi I YMZ Aevq cqvRbxq gvvq _vK| Mvfxi
RxebaviY I Drcv`bi Rb cywi cqvRb| mylg Lv` bv LvIqvj Mvfx `yej ne, `ya Kg wè I
cRbb gZv Kg hve| Mvfxi mylg Lv` Zix Kivi Rb c_g wbYq KiZ ne Mvfxi Rb wK
cwigvY c`v_, cwicvKhvM zW cvwUb Ges gvU cwicvKhvM cyw cqvRb| Mvfxi mylg
Lv` Zixi Rb weeP welqjv njv t Mvfxi `ni IRb, Mvfx MfeZx wK bv, Mvfx `ya `q wK
bv, `yai cwigvY KZ, `ya Pwei cwigvY KZ BZvw`|
Mvfxi Lv`K wZb kYxZ fvM Kiv hvq; h_v t
a. Avuk ev Qveov RvZxq Lv`|
b. `vbv RvZxq Lv`
c. mnhvMx Abvb Lv` hgb t LwbR Dcv`vb, wfUvwgb BZvw`|
Avuk ev Qveov RvZxq Lv` `yaibi h_v t
K) Lv` hgbt avbi Lo, Mgi Lo, Lmvix, gvmKvjvB BZvwì Lo ev f~wl| Lv` cvwbi
cwigvY _vK 10-15%|
L) imvjv Lv` hgb t KuvPv Nvm, MvQi cvZv, kvK-mewR BZvw`|
`vbv`vi Lv` mvaviYZt Kg Auvkhy Ges nq, hvi ga Avwgl, kKiv Ges Pwe RvZxq
Dcv`vbjv ekx _vK| Mgi f~wl, PvDji Kuyov, wZji Lj, Lmvix fvsMv BZvw` `vbvRvZxq Lv`
wnmve eeZ nq|
Mvfxi `bw`b Lv` cZ Kivi mgq wbg ewYZ welq weePbvq Gb Lv` Zix KiZ ne
1| Mvfxi Lv` mylg nZ ne| A_vr Lv` cqvRbxq cyw Dcv`vbmg~n mwVK gvvq _vKZ ne|
2| Lv` AekB A_bwZK w`K w`q jvfRbK nZ ne| A_vr mnR cvc Ges `vg Kg Gic
DcKiY w`q Lv` cZ KiZ ne|
3| wewfb aibi DcKiY w`q Lv` Zix Kiv DwPZ hvZ Lv` my^v`y I mnRcvP nq|
4| Mvfxi cwicvKZi aviY gZv AbK, ZvB cvwYi cU bv fiv ch Lv` MnY Ki _vK|
GKwU `kx Mvfxi Pq DbZ GKwU Mvfx AbK eo nq| `yaI ekx `q Ges mRb LvqI ekx|
ZvB Lv` c`vbi mgq Lqvj ivLZ ne, hvZ cvwYi cU fi Ges cywi AfveI cyiY nq| cvwY
cU fi bv LZ cvij ALv` KzLv` Lq djZ cvi|
5| Mvfxi Lv`è UvUKv nZ ne| cwivi nZ ne| cvwYi Lv` wfRv muZmuvZ nj QvK
RbvZ cvi| GZ welwqv nq Mvfxi wZ KiZ cvi| gqjv, KuvKo, cv_i, evjy, gvwU, QvZvcov
`yMhy Lv`, cvwYK LZ Ìqv DwPZ bq|
6| Mvfxi Rb KuvPv Nvm AZvekKxq| KuvPv Nvm cPzi LwbR Dcv`vb I wfUvwgb _vK hv mnR
nRg nq| ZvB MvfxK `wbK cqvRbxq KuvPv Nvm LvIqvZ ne| Mvfxi `n MVb, `ya Drcv`b,
MfaviY, evPv Drcv`b I `ywU Dcv`vb AZ cqvRbxq| ZvB `yeZx Mvfxi Lv` cqvRbxq
LwbR c`v_ I Lv` Dcv`vb mieivn KiZ ne| `vbv`vi Lvì mv_ wbqwgZ wfUvwgb I LwbR
wgkY wgwkq LvIqvj Gjvi Afve ne bv|
7| cvwYi `vbv`vi Lv` AekB mwVKfve cZ KiZ ne| `vbv`vi Lv` Dcv`vbjv wgkvbvi
c~e f wbZ ne| ZvZ fvjfve gkvbv hve Ges mnR nRg ne|
8| Avuk ev Qveov RvZxq Lv` hgb t Lo, KuvPv Nvm, jZvcvZv BZvw` Av bv w`q QvU QvU Ki
KU cvwYK LvIqvZ ne| GZ Lv` èi AcPq ne bv| cvwYi LZ myweav ne Ges nRgI
mnvqK ne| Lo KzwPKzwP Ki KU cvwb ev db wfwRq Abvb `vbv`vi wgkY I wPUvo wgwkq
w`j Mvfx LZ AwaK cQ` Kie Ges mnR cvPI ne|
9| Lv` DcKiY nVvr Ki cwieZb Kiv DwPZ bq| Lv` DcKiYi cwieZb cqvRb nj Av
Av w`b w`b KiZ ne|
Mvfxi mylg Lvì e, cwicvKhvM zW cvwUb I gvU cwicvKhvM cywi msiwZ weeiY
wbg Ìqv njv|
Lo I meyR Nvm t cwZ 100 KwR `wnK IRbi Rb MvfxK `wbK 2 KwR Lo ev n A_ev
`wbK 6 KwR meyR Nvm mieivn KiZ ne| wK hw` Lo I meyR Nvm DfqB ZvwjKvq Af~
_vK ZLb cwZ 100 KwR `wnK IRbi Rb 1 KwR Lo I 3 KwR meyR Nvm mieivn KiZ
ne|
`vbv`vi Lv` t c_g 3 wjUvi `yai Rb 3 KwR `vbv`vi Ges cieZx 3 wjUvii Rb 1 KwR Ki
`vbv`vi Lv` mieivn KiZ ne|
LwbR t wm nuvoi ov Mvfxi Rb eiv gvU `vbv`vi Lvì 1% nvi Ges Lv` jeY Abyicfve
`vbv`vi Lvì 1% mieivn KiZ ne|
cvwb t chv we cvwb MvfxK mieivn KiZ ne| GKwU `yavj MvfxK `wbK 35-40 wjUvi cvwb
mieivn KiZ ne|
Mvfxi mylg Lv` DcKiYt Mvfxi mylg Lv` njv Kbv Lo, meyR KuvPv Nvm, `vbv`vi Lv` Ges
cvwb|
Kbv Lo t avbi ev Mgi Kbv Lo cvwYK LvIqvZ nq| Lo wbggvbi Qveov RvZxq Lv`| Gi
Lv`gvb Kg njI GwU Avgvì `k ZYfvRx cvwY Lvì GKwU cavb Ask| Lmvix, gvmKjvB,
KvDwc Lo Mvfxi Rb DbZgvbi Lo| GKwU `kx MvfxK `wbK 3 KwR Lo LvIqvZ nq| DbZ
msKi RvZi GKwU Mvfxi Rb `wbK 4 KwR Lo cqvRb nq| avbi Loi ga yW cvwUb _vK
3.5% hvi ga cwicvKhvM yW cvwUb _vK 2% hv AZ Kg| ZvB Lo cvwUbi fvM evovbvi
Rb LoK BDwiqv w`q cwqvRvZ KiZ ne| Loi mv_ BDwiqv Ges gvjvmm wgwkqI Loi
Lv`gvb AbK evovbv hvq|
meyR KuvPv Nvm t Mvfxi mylg Lvì cavb Ask meyR KuvPv Nvm| KuvPv Nvm Mvfxi `y Drcv`b ew
Ki| ZvB `yeZx Mvfxi Lv` cwZw`b 10-12 KwR KuvPv Nvm AekB hvM KiZ ne| GKwU DbZ
msKi RvZi MvfxK `wbK 15 KwR meyR KuvPv Nvm LvIqvZ nq| Avgvì `k PviY f~wgi
Afve DbZ msKi RvZi Mvfx cvjb KiI Avkvbyic jvf cvIqv hvq bv| wK e DbZ RvZi Nvm
iqQ hv mxwgZ RwgZB cwiKwZ Dcvq Pvl Kij AwaK Drcv`b cvIqv hvq| eZgvb cvcU
`Lv wMqQ h, Avgvì `k e dmj Acv DbZ RvZi Nvm Pvl AwaK jvfRbK| Avevw` Rwg
QvovI Abvevw` cwZZ Rwg, ij jvBbi cvk, ivvi avi, cyKzi cvo, Rwgi AvBj, evaui avi, evox,
zj gv`vmv, Kj-KviLvbvi AeeZ RwgZ DbZ RvZi KuvPv Nvm Pvl Ki Mevw`cvwYi meyR Nvmi
Afve cyiY Kiv me| DbZRvZi wewfb aibi KuvPv Nvm iqQ, mjv njv t
1| vqx Nvm t MxKvjxb vqx Nvm hgb- bwcqvi, cviv, wMwb, Rvgvb BZvw`|
2| Avqx Nvm t kxZKvjxb Nvm hgb- IUm, fyv BZvw`|
3| wU RvZxq Nvm t Lmvix,gvmKjvB, KvDwc, mUvwkgv, eviwkg, jymvb BZvw`|
4| MvQi cvZv t gv`vi, wRMv, Wygyi, KuvVvj, WIqv,Bwcj Bwcj BZvw`|
Mvfxi mylg Lv`
1| KuvPv meyR Nvm t `wbK 12-15 KwR
2| Kbv Lo t `wbK 3-4 KwR
3| `vbv`vi Lv` wgkY t
`vbv`vi Lv` wgkYi ZvwjKv
(K) Pvji Kzo
u v 2 KwR
(L) Mgi f~wl 5 KwR
(M) Lmvwi fvv 1.8 KwR
(N) wZj ev ev`vg Lj 1 KwR
(O) jeY 0.1 KwR
(P) LwbR wgkY 0.1 KwR
gvU 10.00 KwR
4| cvwb t cPzi cwigvY we cvwb|
`vbv`vi wgkYjv GK mv_ wgwkq `wbK 2-3 KwR LvIqvZ ne|
Drmt
gwWDj-21 t
Mvfxi Lvgvi vcb
evsjv`ki gZ GKwU Kwlcavb, `wi`, Dbqbkxj `ki Rb Mevw`cvwYi Ae`vb AZ iZcY~ |
RvZxq A_bxwZZ Mevw` cvwYi Ae`vb Ab^xKvh| `ya Drcv`b QvovI gvsm, Pvgov, cvwYi DcRvZ,
nvjPvl, MvgxY cwienb, dmj gvovB BZvw` KvRi Rb Mevw` cvwY cvjb Kiv nq Ges hv _K
cPzi e`wkK gy`vI AwRZ nq| Mevw` cvwYi Lvgvi vcbi gvag AvKgmsvb I Avq ewi
myhvM w`b w`b ew cvQ| ^vej^x nQ AbK `yt gwnjv, f~wgnxb KlK, cvwK KlK I Zvì
cwievi Ges jvfRbK eemv me nQ cwiKwZ eo Lvgvi vcbI| KvRB wKfve jvfRbK
cvwYLvgvi vcb Kiv hvq m mK Avgvì Rbv ìKvi |
21.1 Mvfxi Lvgvi vcbiRb vb wbevPb t

K. DuPz I f~wg t cvwYi Lvgvi vcbi Rb DuPz I vb wbevPb KiZ ne hb ewi cvwb Ges
Lvgvii Abvb eR c`v_ mnR wbvkb Kiv hvq Ges LvgviwU I cwivi-cwiQb _vK|
L. AeKvVvgv wbgvY t Nvm Pvli Rb Dei Rwg ev` w`q Abyei RwgZ Lvgvii febmg~n wbgvY
KiZ ne| cvwYi Ni Ggbfve wbgvY KiZ ne hb cqvRbxq Avjv-evZvm I m~hi wKiY cvq|
Ni mvaviYZt c~e- cwg j^vjw^ nj fvj nq| GZ Ni muZmvZ nq bv|
M. myz hvZvqvZ eev t cvwYLvgviwUi Rbej GjvKv ev knivji mv_ myz hvZvqvZ eev _vKv
fvj| dj cvwYi Drcb è mnR Ges myweavRbKfve vbvi Kiv hvq|
N. RbemwZ I ivv nZ `~i t RbemwZ I ivv nZ `~i Lvgvi vcb KiZ ne| GZ wewfb
`~NUbv Govbv me ne| Ze cavb ivv nZ 100 wgUvii ewk `~i ne bv Ges cavb ivvi mv_
fvj hvMvhvM eev _vKe|
O. mcmviY t fwelZ cvwYLvgvi mcmviY Kivi Rb Avkcvk duvKv RvqMv _vKZ ne| ZvB
Lvgvii Rb mnRB Kg g~j Rwg cvIqv hvq Ggb vb wbevPb KiZ ne|
P.AvaywbK myhvM-myweav t we`yr, Mvm, cqtwbvkb eevmn Abvb AvaywbK myhvM-myweav AvQ
Ggb vb wbevPb KiZ ne|
Q. cvwb mieivn eev t AwZ mnRB Kg LiP cPzi cwigvY we cvwb cvIqv hvq Ggb vb cvwY
Lvgvii Rb wbevPb KiZ ne|
R. Lvì cvcZv t cvwYLvgvi jvfRbK Kivi Rb h vb mnRB Kg g~j cvwYLv` cvIqv hvq
Ges KuvPv Nvm Drcv`b Kiv hvq Ggb vb wbevPb KiZ ne|
S. kg t cvwYLvgvii Rb mr, KgV I wbqgvbyeZx kwgK mieivn AZ Riwi|
T. cYi Pvwn`v I evRvi eev t hLvb Lvgvi Drcvw`Z cYi I DcRvZmg~ni cPzi Pvwn`v
AvQ Ges mnRB evRviRvZ Kiv hvq Ggb vb wbevPb KiZ ne|
U. cwiek t eb cvYx, `y jvK ev Pzwi-WvKvwZ viv Lvgvi hb wZM bv nq Ggb vb wbevPb
KiZ ne| ZvQvov Lvgvii cvk Rjvf~wg ev nvIo bv _vKvB Dg|
21.2.1 Lvgvi eevcbv
Lvgvi eevcbv Lvgvii cvY| myz eevcbv Lvgvii j I Dk evevqbi cavb mnvqK|
eevcbv hZ myz I ^vmZ ne, Lvgvii D`k ARb ZZ mnR I mdj ne| eevcbv GK
cKvi KjvKkj hvi gvag Lvgvii m`, myhvM I mgqi mg^q NwUq jvfRbK Kiv hvq| myz
eevcbv ejZ eySvq
1. mì wgZewqZv|
2. A mgq AwaK Drcv`b|
3. ^ mgq AwaK jvf|
4. kw I kgi AcPq iva|
5. Drcv`b bMZ gvb I DrKlZv jvf|
6. mevwaK cwiZw|
cvwYLvgvi eevcbvi DkK (cvwYi Drcv`b evovbv, Avwgl Lvì NvUwZ c~iY, Lvgvwiì Avq
evovbv, cvwievwiK kgi mwVK eenvii Rb, Kgmsvbi myhvM mw I evovbv, vbxq cvwYLvì
mwVK eenvii Rb, cvwYLvgviK jvfRbK eemvq ic`vb, Rxebhvvi gvb Dbqb I mvgvwRK
cwieZb BZvw`) mvgb iL gvKwUs vwW, weRbm cvb Ges KuvPvgvj chY Gi welqjv
weePbv KiZ nq| Lvgvi eevcbvi weeP welqjv wbP AvjvPbv Kiv nj|
* Lvgvii bvg I gvwjKvbv t c_gB weePbvq AvbZ ne Lvgvii bvg Kx ne Ges gvwjKvbv
eweM bvwK h_ ne|
* Lvgvii aib t c_g weePbvq AvbZ ne Avgiv `yai, gvsmi bv evPv Drcv`bi Rb Lvgvi
vcb Kie| Drcv`bi Dci wfw Ki Avgvì cvwY wbevPb KiZ ne| hgb `yai Lvgvi nj
`yavj RvZi Mvfx wbZ ne| QvMji, fovi, Mvfxi, gwnli Lvgvi BZvw` nZ cvi|
* g~jab msMn t g~jabi Drm I wewbqvMi cwigvY, AveZK LiPi Drm I cwigvY weePbvq
AvbZ ne| Drm ewMZ nj fvj nq| GQvov mwgwZ, evsK, emiKvwi msv, Aby`vb BZvw` nZ
cvi|
* Lvgvii AvKvi t cvwievwiK chvq 2-5wU cvwY mg^q z` Lvgvi bv 5wUi ewk cvwY wbq
evwYwRK wfwZ Lvgvi vcb Kiv ne Zv weePbvq AvbZ ne| evwYwRK wfwZ Lvgvi vcbi
c_g A wKQy cvwY wbq Lvgvi Avi Kiv Dg| GZ Lvgvi vcb eq A_vr g~jab Kg
jvMe Ges AwRZ AvqK g~jab Ki Av Av Lvgvi eo Kiv hZ cvi|
* Lvgvii AeKvVvgv wbgvY t cvwYi msLv, Lvì Drm I Drcv`b cwZ ( hgb- (K) Ave
Aevq (L) Ave I PviY f~wgZ Qvov Aevq (M) PviYf~wgZ Qvov Aevq|)
weePbv Ki Lvgvii Rb wewfb Ni I dWvi Pvli Rb duvKv RvqMv ivLZ ne| Kvb aibi Ni
Kij ewk jvfevb nIqv hve Zv weePbvq AvbZ ne| Ni ZwiZ wewfb eqmi cvwYi Rb
Avjv`v Avjv`v Ni Zwi KiZ ne| GQvov evwYwRK Lvgvii Lv` `vgNi, hcvwZ I
mivg ivLvi Ni, Drcb è msiY Ni, Awdm I weq K`, cnixi Ni, RbviUi Ni, MviR
Ni BZvw` Zwi KiZ ne|
21.2.2 Mvfxi Lvgvii `bw`b Kgmw~ P
GKwU Av`k Lvgvii `bw`b KvRjv wbP AvjvPbv Kiv njv t
1) `bw`b cheY t h Kvb AvKvii Lvgvi Av`k eevcbvi Rb cheY Acwinvh| cZn
fviejv Lvgvi I cvwY cheY KiZ ne| Kvb cvwY Amy nj m m Avjv`v Ki wPwKrmvi
eev KiZ ne| Lvgvi wbqvwRZ kwgKi wbKU _KI LuvR-Lei wbZ ne| kwgKi KvRI
cwi`kb KiZ ne|
2) wbqwgZ cwiPhv t Mvfxi cwiPhvq wbqgvbyewZZvi iZ iqQ| cvwYi ^fveK wbqgvbyewZZvi
gvag cwieZb NUvbv hvq| hgbt GKB mgq cvwYK Lv` c`vb, GKB mgq `ya `vnb, kixi
PPv BZvw`| wbqwgZ cwiPhvi evNvZ NUj ev Awbqg nj ^vi hgb wZ nq Zgwb Drcv`bI
evNvZ mw nq|
cvwYi cwiPhvi mgq hZ`~i me bgZv c`kb Kiv DwPZ| cvwY Zvi cwZ eenvi Abyfe Ki| Avì
Kij cvwY mvov `q| `wbK GKB mgq Ni ayq cwivi KiZ ne| gvS gvS Ni mvfjb,
WUj, wdbvBj I Avqvmvb wgwkZ cvwb w`q ayq w`Z ne| GKB mgq Mvfxi kixi Nm Mvmj
KivZ ne| `wbK GKB mgq Lv` w`Z ne Ges Mvfxi `ya `vnb KiZ ne| nVvr Ki cvwYi
Lv` cwieZbi cqvRb nj Zv mgq wbq axi axi KiZ ne|
3) `ya `vnb t cwZw`b GKB mgq Ges GKB `vnbKvix viv `ya `vnb KiZ nq| nVvr Ki
Gjvi cwieZb nj `ya Drcv`b Kg hvq| `ya `vnbi c~e `vnbKvixi nvZ Ges Mvfxi Ijvb
Kzmyg Kzmyg Mig cvwb w`q ayq cwivi Kvco w`q gyQ bIqv DwPZ| fRv nvZ `ya `vnb Kiv
DwPZ bq| w`b `yevi Kgc 10 NUv eeavb `ya `vnb KiZ nq|
4) MfeZx MvfxK `ynxb Kiv/Mvfxi `ya `vnb e Kiv t evPv cmei 40 w`b c~e Mvfx `ya `vnb
GKevi e Ki w`Z nq| `ya `vnb e Kivi Dk njv- `ya Drcv`bKvix A-cZjvK
wekvg Ìqv| Mvfxi `ya Drcv`b eeZ Lv` Mvfxi Mf evPvi cywi KvR jvMvZ cvi| Mvfxi
kixi LwbR RvZxq Dcv`vbi gRy` Mo Zvjv hv ci `ya Drcv`bi KvR jvM| `ya `vnb e
Kij evPv cmei c~e Mvfx ^veZx ne| Mfvevi kl w`K A_vr Mvfx evPv cmei c~e Mvfxi
`ya Drcv`b mvaviYZ GgwbZB e Kiv hZ cvi| hgbt
K. m~Yfve `ya `vnb bv Ki t Mvfxi `ya `vnb e Kivi mgq nj c_gZ KqKw`b
Ijvb mvgvb `ya iL `vnb KiZ ne| Zvici w`b GKevi Ki Am~Yfve `vnb KiZ KiZ
hLb euvU w`q AwZ mvgvb `ya Avme, ZLb `vnb GKevi e Ki w`Z ne|
L. Aweivg `vnb Ki t h MvfxK `ynxbv KiZ ne, m MvfxK c_gZ evPv cmei 60
w`b c~e nZ w`b GKevi 1 w`b ci ci `vnb Ki Aekl 40 w`b `vnb GKevi e Ki
w`Z ne|
5) Mvfxi Mig wbaviY I cRbb Kivbv t `y Lvgvii `bw`b KvRi ga Lvgvii Kvb MvfxwU
KLb Mig nqQ Zv mwVKfve wbaviY Kiv AZ iZcY~ | mgq gZ Mvfxi Mig wbaviY KiZ bv
cvij Mvfxi wbqwgZ cRbb weN NU dj MvfxK cybivq Mig nIqvi Rb Acv KiZ nq| GZ
MfaviY wcwQq hvq| Mvfxi Lvgvi jvfRbK KiZ nj mwVK mgq Mvfxi cRbbi eev KiZ
ne|
6) Mfvev cixv t Mvfx cRbb Kivbvi wZb gvm ciB Mfvev cixv KiZ nq| cRbb Kivbvi
wZb gvm ci cvqy c_ nvZ XywKq evPv Abyfe Ki MfaviY wbwZ nIqv hvq| Avevi MvfxK cRbb
Kivbvi ci cieZx Mig nIqvi wbw` mgq Mvfx Avevi Mig nq wK bv, Zv j ivLZ ne| Mig
bv nj eySZ ne Mvfx MfaviY KiQ|
7) ^v cwiPhv t ^v cwiPhv ejZ wUKv c`vb, wewfb cixv-wbixv Ki ivM wbYq Ges wPwKrmv
c`vb, wbqwgZ KwgbvkK c`vb BZvw` eySvq| h me msvgK ivMi wUKv cvIqv hvq, cvwYK
wbqwgZ m me ivMi wUKv w`Z ne| wewfb mgq Lvgvii cvwYK Wvvi viv wbixv Ki
cqvRb wPwKrmv KivZ ne| Lvgvi Mii Mvei cixv Ki cqvRbxq KwgbvkK viv wPwKrmv
KivZ ne| Lvgvi cwZwU Mvfxi Rb ^v KvW _vKv DwPZ| ^v cwiPhvi welqjv KvW
wjwce KiZ nq|
8) Mvfx evQvB/QvuUvB t `y Lvgvi jvfRbK KiZ nj Lvgvi my Drcv`bkxj Mvfx cvjb KiZ
ne| AjvfRbK ev Abyrcv`bkxj Mvfx Lvgvi nZ QuvUvB KiZ ne| wbv cvwYK Lvgvi nZ
QuvUvB KiZ ne t
K. h mg cvwY ivM Avv Ges wPwKrmv Ki dj ne bv|
L. h mKj cvwYi kvixwiK ew mvlRbK bq|
M. Kg Drcv`bkxj Mvfx A_vr h Mvfx `ya Kg `q|
N. h mKj Mvfx wbqwgZ Mig nq bv| Avevi cRbb Kivbvi ciI wVKgZ MfaviY Ki bv|
O. h mKj Mvfx cwZ evPv c`vb 270 w`bi Kg mgq `ya `q|
P. h mKj Mvfx gvivK e` Afvm iqQ; hgb- wbRi ev Abi euvU Pzlv, Abi kixi PvUv,
jvw_ gviv BZvw`|
9) Lvgvii Mevw` cvwY wPwZ Kiv t Lvgvii mKj MvfxK Ges Lvgvii Drcvw`Z evQyi ev qKZ
mKj cvwYK Pbv hvq Gic wP viv wPwZ KiZ nq| Rbi ci ciB Lvgvii evQyiK wPwZ Kiv
DwPZ| Lvgvi Mii msLv Kg nj cvwYi bvg ev RbMZ Kvb wP viv cvwYK wPwZ Kiv hvq|
wK eo AvKvii Lvgvi ewk Mii mvaviYZ cvwYK wPwZ Kiv hvq| wewfbfve MiK
wPwZ Kiv hvq hgb t
K. Bqvi UvM (Kvbi UvM)t GK aibi avZe ev cvwKi cvZ viv UvM Zwi Kiv nq hv GKwU
hi mvnvh Kvbi Mvov _K wZb fvMi GK fvM `~iZ jvMvZ nq| UvMi b^vi jLv _vK hv
viv cvwYK wPwZ Kiv hvq| UvM jvMvbvi ci m vb RxevYybvkK jvwMq w`Z ne|
L. bv^vi UvM t wbw` bv^vi m^wjZ GK aibi avZe cvZ hv Mjvq iwk ev wkKji mv_ Szwjq
Ìqv nq| G aibi UvM nvivbvi mvebv ewk _vK|
M. UvUzBs t Kvb wQ` Ki bî wjL ZvZ iO w`j cvwYi bv^vi Ìqv hvq| Gfve bv^vwis
Ki MiK wPwZ Kiv hvq|
N. evws ev cvovbv t cvwYi kixii wbw` vb mvaviYZ Dii wbPi Ask Mig jvnvi djK w`q
bv^vi Ìqv hvq| GwU e cyivZb cwZ| GZ Pvgovi g~j Kg hvq|
10. Guo evQyi LuvRv Kiv t Guo evQyi hjv cRbb KvR eenvii Rb cqvRb nq bv,
mjvK 1-6 gvm eqm LuvRv Kivbv DwPZ| evwWRv KvmUUi h viv evQyiK mnRB LuvRv
Kivbv hvq| Kvb evQyiK LuvRv Kivbvi cqvRb nj vbxq cvwY nvmcvZvji Wvvii mv_
hvMvhvM Ki Zv Kivbv hvq|
11. evQyii wks ew iwnZ Kiv t wks viv wZq Lvgvii cvwY AbK mgq Ab Mevw`cvwY, gvbyl ev
Ab h Kvb wKQyi gvivK wZ mvab KiZ cvi| Kvb cvwYi wks w`q Zvbvi Afvm nj Zvi
cwiPhv Kiv me nq bv| ZvB wks hvZ eo bv nZ cvi, mB eev MnY KiZ nq| wks ew iwnZ
Kivi cwZK wWniwbs (dihorning) ej| evQyii wks hLb mvgvb ei nq ev 5-8 w`b eqm Ges
Mvov AZ big _vK ZLbB wks-Gi ew iwnZ Kivi Dchy mgq| `ycwZZ wks-Gi ew iwnZ
Kiv hvq; hgb
K. KwK mvWv eenvi Ki t wks-Gi Mvovi Pvwiw`Ki Pzj dj KwK mvWvi GKwU `
evQyii wks-Gi Mvovq NmZ ne| KwK mvWvi ` hvZ nvZ ev cvwYi kixii Kv_vI bv jvM,
m Rb mveavb NmZ nq| KwK mvWv hvZ Pg bv jvM mRb KwK mvWvi ` Nmvi c~e
wks-Gi Pvwiw`K fmwjb gL wbZ ne| mvgvb cwigvY i ei bv nIqv ch NmZ ne| GZ
fwelZ wks Avi ew cvq bv| mvaviYZt weKvji w`K evQyii `ya cvb kl nj KwK mvWv
eenvi KiZ nq| Ab_vq evQyii wks-Gi KwK mvWv Mvfxi Ijvb ev Mvq jvMe|
L. Mig jvnv viv t jvnvi ` Avb cywoq jvj Ki wks-Gi Mvovq 10-20 mK aij wks
cyo hvq| ci wks Avi evo bv| cvov RvqMvZ Rbkvb fvqvjU jvkvb jvMvZ nq| hvZ
fwelZ Kvb Z bv nq|
12| bw_ msiY t Lvgvii `bw`b Drcv`b, Drcvw`Z è weq I Avq-eqi wnmve bw_Z
msiY KiZ ne|
21.3.1 Lvgvi eevcbvi wewfb mgmv

evsjv`k cvwYcvwLi NbZ Zzjbvg~jKfve weki Abvb `ki Pq ewk| wek GKi cwZ Mii
NbZ 0.91 I Gwkqvq 0.95 wUi Zzjbvq evsjv`k 2.92wU| wK `k Mevw` cvwYi NbZ ewk
njI Gì Drcv`b gZv AZ Kg| GgbwK cvkeZx `kjvi Zzjbvq AbK Kg| weki
MvfxwcQy evwlK Mo `ya Drcv`b hLvb 2190 KwR, Gwkqvq 1220 KwR, GgbwK fviZ 1014
KwR, mLvb evsjv`k gv 206 KwR| Kg Drcv`bi g~j KviYB nj eevcbvMZ mgmv |
GRb G mgmv hZ ZvovZvwo me wPwZ Kiv DwPZ|
mgmvmg~n
1| KlKi chv vbi Afve t Avgvì `k ewki fvM KlK AwkwZ| dj Lvgvi eevcbvi
Rb hme vb ìKvi mme vb KlKi bB| ewki fvM KlKB Mvfx w`q nvj Pvl Ki GgbwK
MfvevqI AbK mgq GKvR Ki _vK| dj Mvfxi wewfb aibi mgmv `Lv hvq Ges Mvfxi
Drcv`b gvivZK wZ nq| h Mvfx _K Avgiv Zvi Avqy Kvj 10-12wU evPv cZvg mLvb gv
4-5wU evPv cvIqv hvQ myZivs KlKi vb Lvgvi eevcbvi cavb mgmv|
2| DbZ RvZi mgmv t Avgvì `kx Mi Mo gv 2-3 KwR `ya w`q _vK| mLvb DbZ
RvZi Mi 20 KwR ch `ya `q| Lvgvii Rb ìKvi DbZ RvZi Mi hviv ewk `ya ev gvsm
wè I ewk gybvdv ARb Kiv hve| eZgvb msKi RvZi wKQy cvwY Drcb njI Zv cqvRbi
Zzjbvq AbK Kg|
3| cyuwRi Afve t evsjv`ki `wi` I cvwK KlKMY bvbvwea mgmvq RRwiZ| Zvì byb AvbZ
cvbZv dzivq| GgZvevq Lvgvi eevcbvi Rb cyuwR wewbqvM Kiv Zvì Rb GKwU eo mgmv|
4| Lv` mgmv t Avgvì `k RbmsLv w`b w`b eoB PjQ| Avi RbmsLv ewi mv_ Kg
hvQ Rwgi cwigvY| cvwYLv` Drcv`bi Rb G ^ cwigvY RwgI eenvi nQ bv, nQ gvbyli
Lv` ZwiZ| dj cvwYLv` mgmv w`b w`b weivU AvKvi aviY KiQ| A_P Lvgvi eevcbvi
gvag gvbyl Abvqvm `ya, gvsm BZvw` cZ cvi Ges ivRMvii eevI KiZ cvi|
5| evmvb mgmv t cvwY-cvjb Ges Lvgvi eevcbvq KlKi cqvRbxq vb bv _vKvq cvwYi Rb
Kgb evmvbi eev KiZ ne hUv cvwYi Rb Avivg`vqK I cQ`Yxq ne mUv Zviv evS bv
I AcwiKwZfve evmvb Zwi Ki| Avevi Zvì chv RvqMv bv _vKvi KviY wbRi _vKvi
Nii cvkB cvwYK ivL| dj mwVK eevcbv Kiv me nq bv|
6| cRbb mgmv t Lvgvi eevcbvi Rb kZ nj AwaK Drcv`bkxj cvwY| wK G AwaK
Drcv`bkxj cvwYi cvcZv wbfi Ki fvj cRbb eevcbvi Dci| hLvb _K fvj cvwY Drcv`b
nZ cvi| fvj luvoi AchvZv Ges DbZ aibi Kwg cRbbi mgmvi KviY cvwYK mgqgZ
cRbb Kivbv Lvgvwiì c me nQ bv| Kwg cRbbi mwVK iKW bv _vKvi KviY
AvtcRbb w`b w`b ew cvQ Ges wewfb cwZvb Kwg cRbb Kivi KviY mgmv eo hvQ|
7| AvaywbK myhvM-myweavi Afve t Lvgvi eevcbvi Rb cqvRb njv AvaywbK myhvM-myweav|
wekl Ki we`yr I we cvwb mieivn| wK Avgvì `k we`yZi chv NvUwZ _vKvi KviY
Lvgvi we`yr mieivn me nQ bv| dj evnZ nQ mwVK eevcbv|
8| cqvRbxq wRwblc I hcvwZi Afve t mwVKfve Lvgvi eevcbvi Rb hme hcvwZ I
wRwbmc ìKvi mjvi Afve iqQ h_| Avevi KlKiv cyuwRi Afve cqvRbxq wRwbmc I
hcvwZ wKbZ cviQ bv|
9| KvwiMwi vbi Afve t Mvg M AwkwZ I AawkwZ `wi` I eKvi gvbyl cvwYcvjb, Lv`
eevcbv, cRbb, Kkj, mwVK hZ I eevcbv, ivMevjvB `gb I AwaK jvfevb nIqvi Dcvq I
Kkj mK ^ vbi AwaKvix| Gì Kvb cKvi KvwiMwi vb bB| dj Zviv mwVKfve
Lvgvi eevcbv KiZ cviQ bv|
10| Amg evRvi eev t Avgvì `ki evRvi eevi Dci miKvii ev Kvb KZc i KviI
Kvb wbqY bB| dj GKB cY wewfb RvqMvq wewfb `vg wew nQ | hgb- `ya Kvb RvqMvq
20 UvKv Avevi Kv_vI 40 UvKv ch wew nQ| myz evRvi eevcbvi Afve KlKiv cvc gybvdv
ARb KiZ cviQ bv, hv bZzb Lvgvi vcbi wZKi cfve djQ| GQvovI wbgvb mb
uov `yai Aeva Avg`vwb Ges `k Drcvw`Z `ya Abvb cvwYm` RvZ cYi mycwiKwZ Ges
Dchy wecYb cwieki AbycwwZ I eevcbvi mgmv mw KiQ|
11| cwZK~j AvenvIqv t wewfb aibi cwZK~j Aev hgb Liv, AwZwi Zvcgvv, AwZwi Vvv,
So, ew BZvw` Lvgvi eevcbvq mgmvi mw Ki| Lvgvwiì cwZK~j AvenvIqvi mwVK eevcbv
mK Zgb vb bv _vKvq cwZ eQi AbK Mevw` cvwY gviv hvQ|
12| ivMevwaRwbZ mgmv t cwZ eQi cvwY wewfb ivMevwaZ Avv nQ I gviv hvQ| dj
KlK eo aibi Avw_K wZi myLxb nQ| ivMevwa I Lvgvii Re wbivcv mK mwVK vb
bv _vKvq KlKì eevcbvMZ mgmvq coZ nQ|
13| cqvRbxq Jlai Afve t wewfb ivMewai Rb h wewfb Jlai cqvRb nq Zv YMZ mb
bq Ges mnRB mwVK g~j cvIqv me nq bv| dj KlKiv wewfb ivMi Rb mwVK eev MnY
KiZ cvi bv|
14| cwZlaK wUKvi Afve t wPwKrmvi Pq cwZlaK eev bIqvq ewk Dg| wK ivMi
cwZivai Rb chv wUKv exRi h_ Afve iqQ| GQvovI h wUKv exR `k Zwi nq Zv
Lvgvwiì KvQ cuQvZ AbK mgq KvhKvixZv nvwiq dj| dj m wUKv exR w`q Kvb KvRB
nq bv| Avevi we`k _K h me wUKv exR wewfb Kvvwb wbq Avm mmei DP g~j nIqvi
KviY Klì q gZvi evBi Pj hvq|
15| civgkKi Afve t KlKiv Kvb mgmvq coj m mK civgk bIqvi Rb Zgb civgkK
bB| dj KlK Zvì mgmvjv mgvavb KiZ cvi bv I mwVK eevcbvq f~wgKv ivLZ cvi
bv|
21.3.2 Lvgvi eevcbvi wewfb mgmvi cwZKvi
Lvgvi eevcbvi wewfb mgmvi mgvavb bv Kij cvwYi Dbqb me bq|
1| KlKì KvwiMwi Rbej wnmve Mo Zvjv t cwkYi gvag Z_v Lvgvi eevcbvq h_
KvwiMwi vb c`vbi gvag KlKì ` Ki ZzjZ ne| KlKì ga mPZbZv mw KiZ
ne| Zvì KvQ fvj Ki eevcbvi mgmvjv Zzj ai Gi wZKi w`Kjv eySvZ ne| hb
Zviv mnRB Zv eySZ cvi Ges wbRì ` Ki ZzjZ cvi| G cvwYm` Awaìi
cvkvcvwk hye Dbqb Awaì, wewfb GbwRI hgb evK, cwkKv, Avkv BZvw` cwZvbjvZ wewfb
cwkYi eev KiZ ne|
2| DbZ RvZi cvwY mw t cvwY cRbx Uws Gi gvag cvfb eyji exh viv Kwg cRbb Ki
I Y vbvi chywi eenvi Ki DbZgvbi cvwY Zwi KiZ ne|
3| cyuwRi Afve `~ixKiY t KlKì Lvgvi eevcbvi Rb h cyuwR ìKvi Zv mgvavbi Rb wewfb
evsK, emiKvwi cwZvb Ges mevcwi miKviK GwMq AvmZ ne| Lvgvwiì Rb ^ my`
cqvRbxq FYi eev KiZ ne|
4| Lv` mgmvi mgvavb t meyR Nvmi Drcv`b ewi Rb cwZZ Rwg, `yB dmji gaeZx mgq
bZzb RM DVv Pi, cvnvoi Xvjy GjvKvq, DcKjxq euva, Rwgi AvBj, AjvfRbK kmZ DbZ
RvZi Nvm Pvl ceZb KiZ ne| Nvm Pvl KlKì DrmvwnZ Ki ZzjZ ne| Kwl DcRvZ avb
I Mgi Lo, AvLi Qveov BZvw` BDwiqv I wPUvoi gvag cwqvRvZ Ki cvwYLv` cvcZv
ew KiZ ne| `kxq jvMmB chywK KvR jvwMq ^ LiP `kxq m` _K h mnR cvwYi
Lvevi Pvwn`v c~iY Kiv hvq Ges cvwYK wewfb Lvevi LvIqvbvi dj h KlK enr A_ DcKZ nZ
cvi m msv vb `vbi Rb MYgvag cPvi KiZ ne| iwWI, Uwjwfkb, msev`c wewfb
welq cPvi KiZ ne|
5| evmvb mgmvi mgvavb t Lvgvwiiv hb ^ eq cvwYi Rb Avivg`vqK I cQ`bxq, ivMgy
evmvb Zwi KiZ cvi mRb cqvRbxq cwkYi eev KiZ ne| G cvwYm`
Awaì I emiKvwi Ab cwZvb Ask wbZ cvi|
6| cRbbRwbZ mgmvi mgvavb t cvwYi cRbbi Rb chv DbZ RvZi luvo Zwi KiZ ne I
mviv `k DbZ Kwg cRbbi myeev KiZ ne| mwVKfve iKW msiY KiZ ne| K`xq
Mv-cRbb I `y Lvgvi, mvfvi, XvKv G mevcv iZcY~ f~wgKv ivLZ cvi|
7| AvaywbK myhvM-myweavi wbwqZv t Lvgvi GjvKvq hb we`yr I we cvwbi eev _vK mw`K
miKvii cvkvcvwk RbMYK f~wgKv ivLZ ne|
8| chv wRwbmc I hcvwZi mieivn t Lvgvwiì Rb AvaywbK wRwbmc I hcvwZ mnRB
^g~j Kbvi wbqZv weavb Kiv| G miKvi I wewfb cwZvbjv f~wgKv ivLZ cvi|
9| myz evRvi eev t myz Zveavbi gvag myz evRvi eev wbwZ Ki Lvgvwiì bvh gybvdv
jvfi eev KiZ ne| miKvi KZK gvKU cwjwm MVb KiZ ne|
10| `~hvM eev t `~hvM gyZ Lvgvwiì q-wZi gvv nvm Kivi j AvkqK`,
Avc`Kvjxb Jla, wUKvexR, cvwYLv` gRyì eev MnY Ki `yhvM eevcbvK mgw KiZ
ne| GQvov G mgq Lvgvwi I civgkKi gvS hvMvhvM ew KiZ ne Ges KiYxq w`Kjv fvj
Ki eywSq w`q mwVK eevcbv wbZ ne|
11| wkv Kvhg Dchy eev MnY t wbgkYx _K i Ki gvawgK chvqi wkv cvVg
cvwY cvjb Ges Lvgvi eevcbv welqK Kwl wkv cYqb KiZ ne I eq wkvi eev wbZ
ne|
12| ivMevwaRwbZ mgmvi mgvavb t ivMevwaRwbZ mgmv mgvavbi Rb cwkYi gvag
Lvgvwiì wewfb ivMi KviY, wevi, jY I cwZKvi mK mwVK vb `vb KiZ ne| Lvgvii
Re wbivcvi mK fvj vb `vb I cwkYi eev KiZ ne|
13| wUKv exR I Jlai mieivn t Lvgvwiì cqvRbvbymvi YMZ gvbmb wUKv exR, Jla
mieivn wbwZ KiZ ne| wKfve wUKv exRi gvb wVK ivLv hvq, cqvM wewa, msiY BZvw`
mK vb `vb KiZ ne| miKvi KZK wUKv exR I Jlai `vg wbaviY Ki w`Z ne|
14| civgkK t cqvRbxq msLK civgkK mw KiZ ne| G cvwY m`we` wekl f~wgKv
ivLZ cvi|
mevcwi RbmvaviYK cvwYmì Dbqbi Rb Z_v `ki Dbqbi Rb GwMq AvmZ ne Ges
gbvej Mo ZzjZ ne|
21.4 Lvgvi bw_ msiY

msw, mykLj, myweb, cwigvwRZ I myìfve Z_ wjwce KivK bw_ msiY ejv nq| cZK
eemvq bw_ msiY Kiv nq Ges `ya I `yRvZ è Drcv`K LvgviI ewZgagx bq| bw_ msiY
GKwU nvjKv ev UzwKUvwK welq nZ cvi| wK GwU GKwU iZcY~ welq| KviY eevcbvq Kv_vq
Amyweav ev Mj`, Kvb LvZ Aceq nQ, Kvb cwZ eq mvc cfwZ Rvbv me nq bv, hw`
mwVK bw_ msiYi myeev bv _vK|
wbwjwLZ bw_jv Lvgvii msiY Kiv cqvRb-
1| cvwYm` bw_ t Wqix Lvgvi gvU Mevw` cvwYi msLv, RvZi weeiY, eqm Ges Gì cyiv
BwZnvm Rvbvi Rb bw_ ivLv GKv cqvRb| KviY G bw_ cyivcywi I mwVKfve iYveY Kiv
nj Lvgvi cwiPvjbv Kiv eevcKi c mnRZi I fwelZ cvjb ZwiZI mnvqK|
2| cRbb bw_ t Mevw` cvwYi Lvgvii Rb cRbb bw_ iZcY~ f~wgKv cvjb Ki| KviY GKwU
Mvfxi mviv Rxebi `ya Drcv`b gZv wbfi Ki Gi evPv `vbi msLvi Dci, Avi evPv cmei
msLv wbfi Ki Dchy jvjb cvjb I mwVK cRbb Z_i Dci| GQvov cRbb bw_Z Kvb RvZi
luvo w`q cvj Ìqv nqQ, cvj Ìqv ewi bvg I ZvwiL DjL _vK|
3| evPv bw_ t evPvi Rb ZvwiL, kvwiixK Aev, wj, Rb IRb, Mvfx I luvoi Kvbi bî Ges
wPwZ KiY bî mewKQyB G bw_Z wjwce Kiv nq|
4| `y bw_ t Mvfxi `bw`b `ya Drcv`b gZv mwVKfve Rvbvi Rb `y bw_ msiY Kiv GKv
cqvRb| KviY Lvgvii Avq eq, DbwZ-AebwZ cavbZ wbfi Ki Mvfx cwZ `ya Drcv`bi Dci,
Mo `ya Drcv`bi Dci bq|
5| `yai weZiY bw_ t Lvgvi Drcvw`Z `ya I `yRvZ è MvnKì wbKU wekZvi mwnZ cuwQq
`qv I èi Avq-eqi mwVK BwZ G bw_ nZ cvIqv hvq|
6| A_bwZK bw_ t GKwU Mvfxi Rb gvwmK Lv` LiP KZ Ges `ya nZ KZ cvIqv hve Zv G
bw_Z wjwce _vK|
7| Lv` bw_ t eQii wewfb mgq msMnxZ Lv` mvgMxi mwVK cwigvY I g~j Ges `wbK cvwY h
Lv` Lvq Zvi cZKwU Lvì cwigvY Lv` bw_Z wjwce _vK| GQvov `vbv Lvì wgkY I Auvk
hy Lv` Mv-Lvì cwigvY hv LvIqvbv nq ZvI bw_Z ivLv nq|
8| ^v bw_ t ivM ev Ab Kvb KviY Lvgvii cvwY gviv Mj ev cvwY weq Kij GB bw_Z
wjwce ivLv nq|
10| kwgK nvwRiv bw_ t Lvgvii kwgKì DcwwZ, AbycwwZ I QywUi c~Y weeiY GB bw_Z
wjwce Kiv nq|
11| Mevw` cvwY Ren bw_
12| mvi msiY bw_ t Lvgvi RgvKZ gj g~i cwigvY, gj g~i weqKZ Avq G bw_Z wjwce
_vK|
13| Avmevec I hcvwZ bw_
14| AvbylvwK gRy` ewn
15| Kwl hcvwZ bw_
16| exR gRy` bw_
17| Ifviwmqvi WvBix
18| wPwVc Av`vb c`vb bw_
`y weZiY bw_
`ya weZiY gvm t
K) Kzcb L) bM` g~j weq
M) MelYv N) eenvwiK Kvk O) evPv LvIqvbv P) `yRvZ è Zwi Q) weZiY NvUwZ |
1 2 3 4
`ya weZiY ZvwiL I mgq
MvnKi bvg I
wgK msLv 1-12-03 2-12-03 ge
wVKvbv
mKvj weKvj mKvj weKvj
cvwY m` bw_
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
cvwY cvj cvwY Kvnvi Kv_vq
wgK cvwi cvwi Rb gvqi Kvbi gZz g
ceki AcmviYi wbKU vbv
msLv aiY ZvwiL ZvwiL bî bî ZvwiL e
ZvwiL ZvwiL weq wiZ
cRbb bw_
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
mgqmn
Mvfxi cvj luvoi cRbb Mf weqvbi weqvbi
wgK Mig wj evPvi g
Kvbi RvZ `qvi Kvbi Kvixi wbYqi cZvwkZ mwVK
msLv nevi cyt/x IRb e
bî bî bî bvg ZvwiL ZvwiL ZvwiL
ZvwiL
evPvi bw_
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
wgK evPvi gvqi evPv cmei wj evPvi
RvZ ge
msLv Kvbi bî Kvbi bî ZvwiL cyt/x RbKvjxb IRb
`y bw_
1 2 3 4 5
wgK Mvfxi evPv `ya `vnbi ZvwiL I mgq gvU `ya
msLv Kvbi cmei 1-12-03 2-12-04
bî ZvwiL mKvj weKvj mKvj weKvj
25.5 Lvgvii Avq eqi wnmve I evsK FY cwikvai LwZqvb

Mvfxi Lvgvi vcb Lvgvii Avq I eqi wnmve msiY GKwU AZ iZcY~ welq| Avq-eqi
wnmve wVKgZ bv Kij Lvgvi jvfRbK wK AjvfRbK Zv eySv hve bv| ZvB jvfRbKfve Lvgvi
KiZ nj Avq-eqi wnmve mwVKfve ivLZ ne| Lvgvii Avq nZ eq ev` w`j hv _vKe mUv
ne jvf|
eqK `yfve fvM Kiv hvq; h_vt vqx eq I AveZK eq
vqx eqt Lvgvi vcbi Rwg, No-evwo wbgvY, we`yr I cvwb mieivn mshvM vcb| hcvwZ I Mvfx
q BZvw` LvZ h UvKv eq nq, ZvK vqx eq ej| vqx eqK g~jab eqI ejv nq| Mi q
eve` eqK KD KD AveZK eqi ga ai _vKb| Ze G eqK vqx eq wnmve ev g~jab
wewbqvM wnmve aivB AwaK hywhy|
AveZK eq t Lvgvi cwiPvjbvq `wbK h eq nq ZvK AveZK eq ejv nq| GK `bw`b eqI
ejv nq| Mii Lv`, Jla-c wUKv, Mii eeZ migvw`, Lvgvii ckvmwbK eq, we`yr, Mvm
wej BZvwì Rb h eq nq, mjv AveZK eqi wnmve aiv nq|
Lvgvi vcbi c~e Lvgvii cK cYqbi mgq Lvgvii Avq-eqi GKwU wnmve Zix Kiv nq
_vK| cKi Avq-eqi wnmve _K Lvgvii jvf jvKmvb wbYq Kiv hvq| Lvgvi Mvfxi msLv,
Mvfxi RvZ, `ya Drcv`b, Lvgvi eevcbv BZvwì Ici jvf-jvKmvb wbfi Ki| Lvgvii Rb
DbZ msKi RvZi AwaK `ya Drcv`bkxj Mvfx msMn KiZ ne| Lvgvii eevcbv DbZ nZ
ne| Mvfxi msLv 10 I Z`~a nj eemvwqK wfwZ Lvgvi cwiPvjbv Kiv hvq|
evsK FY cwikva LwZqvb

cwikva
eQi g~j FY m~` gvU bxU D (bxU jvf)
g~j m~` gvU
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
21.6 5wU Mvfx m^wjZ Lvgvii cwiKbv|
g~jab wewbqvMt
K) Rwg wbgvY eve` 0.50 GKi, wbR^
1) Nievox wbgvb eve` 15 kZvsk
2) Nvm Drcv`b eve` meyR Nvm Drcv`bi Rb Aewk Rwg ivLv nqQ|
L) Nievox wbgvY
1| 5 wU Mvfxi Ni-20 eMwgUvi| cwZ eMwgUvi @4000/- UvKv ( Avi wmwm LywU, wm, AvB wmU, 80,000/-
XvjvB gS, wUbi PvjvNi)
2| 5wU(0-1) eQi eqmi evQzii Ni 10 eMwgUvi @ 4000/- UvKv ( Avi wmwm LywU, wm AvB wmU, 40,000/-
3| Lv` `vg 23 = 6 eMwgUvi| ( wUbi Pvjv, gS cvKv) cwZ eMwgUvi @ 4000/- UvKv 24,000/-
4| Mvei ivLvi MZ Zix eve` 1000/-
megvU UvKv 1,45,000/-
M) Mvfx I hcvwZ qt
1| cwZwU Mvfx 40,000/- UvKv wnmve 5wU Mvfxi q g~j 2,00,000/-
cwZwU Mvfx Kgc 6 wjUvi `ya c`vb mg nZ ne ( evQzii Pvwn`v ev`)
2| hcvwZ I Avmevec qt 10,000/-
`yai cv, Lvevi cv, `ya gvcvi cv, mcvBc, Uwej Pqvi, BZvw` eve`
gvU g~jab wewbqvMt (1,45,000/-+2,10,000/-)=3,55,000/-
AveZK LiP t
K) Lv` LiPt
1| `vbvRvZxq Lv` t 5 wU Mvfxi `vbvRvZxq Lvevi Mo 6 wjUvi `yavjv Mvfxi Rb `wbK 4 KwR, 1,38,550/-
285 w`b, `ya bv Ìqv Aevq 80 w`b 2 KwR `vbv`vi Lv` wnmve gvU (52854 +
5802) 6,500 KwR cqvRb| cwZ evQzi cwZw`b 1 KwR wnmve 330 w`b( 51 330) =
1,650 KwR cqvRb|
gvU (6,500+1,650)=8150 KwR `vbv`vi Lv` cqvRb|
cwZKwR 17 UvKv wnmve (815017)
2| Qveov ev Auvk RvZxq Lv` t Lo cwZ Mvfxi Rb `wbK 3 KwR wnmve 5wU Mvfxi 1 eQii 14,250/-
Lv` (53365)=5,475 KwR|
cwZ evQzii Rb `wbK 1 KwR wnmve 5wU evQzii 330 w`bi Lv` (51330) =1,650 KwR
| gvU(5,475+1,650)=7,125 KwR Lo cqvRb| cwZKwR 2.00 UvKv wnmve
3| KvuPvNvmt Mvfx cwZ `wbK 12 KwR wnmve 5wU Mvfxi 1 eQii Lv` 21,480/-
(512365)=21,900KwR| cwZ evQzii Rb `wbK 3 KwR wnmve 5 wU evQzii 330 w`bi
Lv` ( 53330)= 4,950 KwR| gvU (21,900 + 4,950)=26,850 KwR KvuPv Nvm| cwZ
KwR 0.80 UvKv wnmve (26,850 0.8)
L) AvbylvswMK LiP (Jla, kW givgZ I Abvb)= 10,000/-
M) vqx g~jab wewbqvM Ges IqvwKs KvwcUvj wnmve gvU 3,55,000/-evsK nZ eQi 10%nvi 35,500/-
my` Ges cwZ eQi wKwZ FY cwikva Kiv ne|
N) AcPq LiPt 1| Nievoxi 2% 2900/-
2| hcvwZ I Avmeveci 10 % 1000/-
megvU UvKv= 2,23,680/-
Lvgvii Drcv`b I Avq
K) cwZ Mvfx `wbK Mo 6 wjUvi `ya `q 285 w`b (56285)=8,550 wjUvi, cwZ wjUvi 32 2,73,600/-
UvKv wnmve (8,550 32) =
L) 5 wU Mvfx I evQzii Mvei (mvi) weq eve` 2,000/-
1g eQi Avq gvU UvKv = 2,75,600/-
M) 1 eQi eqmi 5wU msKi RvZi evQzii weq g~j( 150005) 75,000/-
2q eQi Avq gvU UvKv= 3,50,600/-
N) 8 Zg eQi 5wU Mvfx I 5wU evQzii weq g~j ( cwZwU Mvfx @30,000/- UvKv I evQzi @ 2,25,000/-
15,000/-)
megvU= 5,75,600/-
Avq eqi wnmve
1) c_g eQi Avq 2,75,600/-
1g eQi eq 2,23,680/-
cKZ Avq 51,920/-
2) 2q eQi nZ 7g eQi ch cwZ eQi Avq 3,50,600/-

2q eQi nZ 7g eQi ch cwZ eQi eq 2,23,680
cKZ Avq 1,26,920/-
3) 8g eQi Avq ( Mvfx I evQzi weq g~j mn) 5,75,600/-

8g eQi eq 2,23,680/-
cKZ Avq 3,51,920/-
21.7 evwYwRK fve 20 wU Mvfx m^wjZ Lvgvii cwiKbv|
g~jab wewbqvMt
1) Nievox wbgvb eve` 75 kZvsk
L) Nievox wbgvY
1| 20 wU Mvfxi Ni-80 eMwgUvi| cwZ eMwgUvi @4,000/- UvKv ( Avi wmwm LywU, wm AvB wmU, 3,20,000.00
2| 20wU(0-1) eQi eqmi evQzii Ni 40 eMwgUvi @4,000/- UvKv ( Avi wmwm LywU, wm AvB 16,000.00
wmU, XvjvB gS, wUbi PvjvNi)
3| Awdm K 3 4 =12 eMwgUvi ( wUbi Pvjv, gS cvKv) cwZ eMwgUvi @4,000/- UvKv 48,000.00
4| Lv` `vg 35 = 15 eMwgUvi| ( wUbi Pvjv, gS cvKv) cwZ eMwgUvi @4,000/- UvKv 60,000.00
5| gUviwbwU nvDR 23 = 6 eMwgUvi| ( wUbi Pvjv, gS cvKv) cwZ eMwgUvi @4,000/- 24,000.00
UvKv
6| KvqviUvBb nvDR 23 = 6 eMwgUvi| ( wUbi Pvjv, gS cvKv) cwZ eMwgUvi @4,000/- 24,000.00
UvKv
7| Mvei ivLvi MZ Zix eve` 2,000.00
megvU UvKv 4,94,000.00
M) Mvfx I hcvwZ q
2| hcvwZ I Avmevec q 20,000/-
3| mvjv wWc wUDeIqj emvbv mn LiP eve` 10,000/-

gvU g~jab wewbqvMt (4,94,000/-+8,30,000/-)= 13,24,000/-
AveZK LiP t
K) `wbK 100 UvKv wnmve 2 Rb kwgKi 1 eQi LiP ( 1002365) 73,000/-
L) Lv` LiPt
1| `vbvRvZxq Lv` t 20 wU Mvfxi `vbvRvZxq Lvevi Mo 6 wjUvi `yavjv Mvfxi Rb `wbK 4 5,54,200/-
KwR, 285 w`b, `ya bv Ìqv Aevq 80 w`b 2 KwR `vbv`vi Lv` wnmve gvU (202854 +
20802) 26,000 KwR cqvRb| cwZ evQzi cwZw`b 1 KwR wnmve 330 w`b (201 330)
= 6,600 KwR cqvRb|
gvU (26000+6600) =32600 KwR `vbv`vi Lv` cqvRb|
2| Qveov ev Auvk RvZxq Lv` t Lo cwZ Mvfxi Rb `wbK 3 KwR wnmve 20wU Mvfxi 1 eQii 57000/-
Lv` (203365)=21,900 KwR|
cwZ evQzii Rb `wbK 1 KwR wnmve 20wU evQzii 330 w`bi Lv` (201330)=6,600
KwR | gvU(21,900 +6,600)=28,500 KwR Lo cqvRb| cwZKwR 2.00 UvKv wnmve
3| KvuPvNvmt Mvfx cwZ `wbK 12 KwR wnmve 20wU Mvfxi 1 eQii Lv` 85,920/-
(2012365)=87,600 KwR| cwZ evQzii Rb `wbK 3 KwR wnmve 20 wU evQzii 330
w`bi Lv` ( 203330)= 19,800 KwR| gvU (87,600 + 19,800)=1,07,400 KwR KvuPv
Nvm| cwZ KwR 0.80 UvKv wnmve (26,850 0.8)
M) vqx g~jab wewbqvM Ges IqvwKs KvwcUvj wnmve gvU 13,24,000/-evsK nZ eQi 1,32,400/-
10%nvi my` Ges cwZ eQi wKwZ FY cwikva Kiv ne|
N) AcPq LiPt 1| Nievoxi 2% 9,880/-
2| hcvwZ I Avmeveci 10 % 3,000/-
megvU UvKv= 9,35,400/-
Lvgvii Drcv`b I Avqt
K) cwZ Mvfx `wbK Mo 6 wjUvi `ya `q 285 w`b (206285)=34,200/- wjUvi, cwZ wjUvi 10,94,400/-
32 UvKv wnmve= (34,200/- 32) =
c_g eQi Avq gvU UvKv = 11,02,400/-
M) 1 eQi eqmi 19wU msKi RvZi evQzi weq g~j @15,000/-,(1wU evQzi gZz aiv nqQ) 2,85,000/-
N) 8 Zg eQi 20wU Mvfx I 19wU evQzii weq g~j( cwZwU Mvfx @ 30,000/- UvKv I evQzi @ 8,85,000/-
15,000/-)
megvU= 22,72,400/-
Avq eqi wnmve

1) c_g eQi Avq 11,02,400/-
1g eQi eq 9,35,400/-
cKZ Avq= 1,67,000/-

2q eQi nZ 7g eQi ch cwZ eQi eq 9,35,400/-
cKZ Avq= 4,92,000/-
8g eQi eq 9,35,400/-
cKZ Avq= 13,37,000/-
21.8 evwYwRK fve 100 wU Mvfx m^wjZ Lvgvii cwiKbv|
g~jab wewbqvMt
1) Nievox wbgvb eve` 1.5 GKi
L) Nievox wbgvY
1| 100 wU Mvfxi Ni-400 eMwgUvi| cwZ eMwgUvi @4,000/- UvKv ( Avi wmwm LywU, wm AvB wmU, 16,00,000/-
2| 100wU(0-1) eQi eqmi evQzii Ni 200 eMwgUvi @4,000/- UvKv ( Avi wmwm LywU, wm AvB 8,00,000/-
wmU, XvjvB gS, wUbi PvjvNi)
3| Awdm K 12 eMwgUvi ( wUbi Pvjv, gS cvKv) cwZ eMwgUvi @4,000/- UvKv 48,000/-
4| Lv` `vg 30 eMwgUvi| ( wUbi Pvjv, gS cvKv) cwZ eMwgUvi @4,000/- UvKv 1,20,000/-
5| gUviwbwU nvDR 30 eMwgUvi| ( wUbi Pvjv, gS cvKv) cwZ eMwgUvi @4,000/- UvKv 1,20,000/-
6| KvqviUvBb nvDR 30 eMwgUvi| ( wUbi Pvjv, gS cvKv) cwZ eMwgUvi @4,000/- UvKv 1,20,000/-
7| Mvei ivLvi MZ Zix eve` 5,000/-
M) Mvfx I hcvwZ q
2| hcvwZ I Avmevec qt 30,000/-
3| mvjv wWc wUDeIqj emvbv mn LiP eve` 10,000/-
gvU g~jab wewbqvMt (28,13,000/-+40,40,000/-)= 68,53,000/-
AveZK LiP t
K) `wbK 100 UvKv wnmve 5 Rb kwgKi 1 eQi LiP ( 1005365) 1,82,500/-
L) Lv` LiPt
1| `vbvRvZxq Lv` t 100 wU Mvfxi `vbvRvZxq Lvevi Mo 6 wjUvi `yavjv Mvfxi Rb `wbK 4 2771000/-
KwR, 285 w`b, `ya bv Ìqv Aevq 80 w`b 2 KwR `vbv`vi Lv` wnmve gvU (1002854 +
100802) 130,000 KwR cqvRb| cwZ evQzi cwZw`b 1 KwR wnmve 330 w`b(1001
330) = 33,000 KwR cqvRb|
gvU (130,000 +33,000) =163,000 KwR `vbv`vi Lv` cqvRb|
2| Qveov ev Auvk RvZxq Lv` t Lo cwZ Mvfxi Rb `wbK 3 KwR wnmve 100wU Mvfxi 1 eQii 285000/-
Lv` (1003365)= 109,500 KwR|
cwZ evQzii Rb `wbK 1 KwR wnmve 100wU evQzii 330 w`bi Lv` (1001330)
=33,000 KwR | gvU(109500 +33000)=142,500 KwR Lo cqvRb| cwZKwR 2.00 UvKv
wnmve
3| KvuPv Nvmt Mvfx cwZ `wbK 12 KwR wnmve 100wU Mvfxi 1 eQii Lv` (10012365)= 429600/-
438000 KwR| cwZ evQzii Rb `wbK 3 KwR wnmve 100 wU evQzii 330 w`bi Lv` (100
3330) = 99,000 KwR| gvU (438,000 + 99,000)=537000 KwR KvuPv Nvm| cwZ
KwR 0.80 UvKv wnmve (537000 0.8)
M) vqx g~jab wewbqvM Ges IqvwKs KvwcUvj wnmve gvU 68,53,000/-evsK nZ eQi 685300/-
10%nvi my` Ges cwZ eQi wKwZ FY cwikva Kiv ne|
N) AcPq LiPt 1| Nievoxi 2% 56260/-
2| hcvwZ I Avmeveci 10 % 4,000/-
megvU UvKv= 44,63,660/-
Lvgvii Drcv`b I Avqt

K) cwZ Mvfx `wbK Mo 6 wjUvi `ya `q 285 w`b (1006285)=171,000/- wjUvi, cwZ 54,72,000/-
wjUvi 32 UvKv wnmve= (171,000/- 32) =
c_g eQi Avq gvU UvKv = 55,12,000/-
M) 1 eQi eqmi 96wU msKi RvZi evQzi weq g~j @15,000/-,(4wU evQzi gZz aiv nqQ) 14,40,000/-
N) 8 Zg eQi 100wU Mvfx I 96wU evQzii g~j( cwZwU Mvfx @ 30,000/- UvKv I evQzi @ 44,40,000/-
15,000/-)
megvU= 113,92,000/-
Avq eqi wnmve
1) c_g eQi Avq 55,12,000/-
1g eQi eq 44,63,660/-
cKZ Avq= 10,48,340/-

2q eQi nZ 7g eQi ch cwZ eQi eq 44,63,660/-
cKZ Avq= 24,88,340/-

8g eQi eq 44,63,660/-
cKZ Avq= 69,28,340/-
Drmt
*cvwY Lvgvi I wPwKrmv - Gm Gg Bgvg mvBb
gwWDj-22 t
Mi gvUvZvRvKiY
Avgvì `ki cvq 70 fvM MvgxY cwieviB cvwY cwZcvjbi m RwoZ _vKjI Mi
gvUvZvRvKiY Kjv Kkj ev chyw eenviKvix cwievii msLv LyeB Kg| Ze Mi gvUvZvRvKiY
cKi iZ bv RvbjI AbK cwievi GKwU ev `ywU evo Go Mi q Ki chyw ewZiK
mvaviYfve jvjb cvjb Ki hLb ^v fvj nq ZLb weq Ki `q| mvaviYZ ewk weqg~j
cvIqvi Avkvq AwaKvsk jvKB Kvievbxi mgq Zvì cvjbKZ Mi weq Kib| welqwU mK
aviYv, evcK cPvi I cwkYi Afve chywwU ecKfve cwiwPwZ cvqwb| Z_vwc miKvix,
AvavmiKvix I GbwRI cwZvbmg~n cvwUbi Pvwn`v gUvbv, Kgvb, `vwi` wegvPb I eKvi
hyeKì Avq ewi j Mi gvUvZvRvKiYi Dci wewfb cwkY, Avw_K Aby`vb, mnR Dcvq
jvb BZvw` w`q mnhvwMZv KiQ| Avkv Kiv hvq f~wgnxb bi-bvix I eKvi hyeKì Avq I
Kgvbi G chyw evcK f~wgKv ivLe|
Mi gvUvZvRvKiY ev exd dvUwbs (Beef Fattening) ejZ wKQy msLK Mi ev evo evQyiK GKwU
wbw` mgqi ga wekl eevcbvq Ges DbZ mylg Lvevi mieivn Ki H Mii kixi AwaK
cwigvY gvsm/Pwe ew Ki evRviRvZ KivKB eySvq|
22.1 Mi gvUvZvRvKiYi Dk
1. `k Avwgli Pvwn`v c~iY
2. e`wkK gy`v ARbi Rb Pvgov wki mgw
3. RvZxq Avq ew Kiv I eKvi mgmvi AvswkK mgvavb Kiv
4. Re mvi mnRjf Kiv
5. cwiek `~lYgy I Mevw`cvwYRvZ wk Mo ZzjZ cvi|
6.evqvMvm cvU vcbi gvag Mvei _K Mvm AvniY Ki eenvi Kiv hZ cvi|
7.Kgm~Pxi mcmviYi gvag AwaK RbMYK G KvR DrmvwnZ Ki Zvì Av_-mvgvwRK Aevi
Dbqb mnvqZv Kiv hZ cvi|
Mi gvUvZvRvKiYi myweav mg~n
1| Kg g~jaY I Kg RvqMvi cqvRb nq|
2| A mgqi (4-6 gvmi) ga Mi gvUvZvRv Ki AwaK g~j evRvi weq Kiv hvq A_vr
Avw_K gybvdv ARb Kiv hvq|
3| Lye m mgqi ga jvfmn gybvdv diZ cvIqv hvq|
4| eKvi Ges gwnjvì Kgmsvb myhvM ewk|
5| emZwfUv AvQ Ggb mKj cwievi ^ wewbqvMKi G cKi AvIZvq Avmvi evcK myhvM jvf
KiZ cvi|
6| evRvii gvsmi Pvwn`v me mgq ewk _vKvi KviY evRvi ì wbMwZi mvebv Kg I jvKmvbi
SzuwK Kg _vK|
7| evo Mii ivM-evwai cKvc Lye Kg _vK, dj Avw_K wZi mebv Lye Kg|
8| vbxq evRvi-nvU _K Abvqvm cvwY q Ki cK i Kiv hvq|
9| vbxq fve Lvì mv_ evoxi DwQ Lvì mvenvi nq|
22.2 Lvgvi cwiKbv
exd dvUwbs cK Lvgvi cwiKbv GKwU iZcY~ Aavq| wb Lvgvi cwiKbvi wewfb welq
AvjvPbv Kiv njv|
1| evwMZ cwkY I AwfZv

Mi gvUvZvRvKiY welq wbR^ wPvfvebv|
Lvgvi vcb welq AvMn I AvwiKZv|
chywMZ cwkY I AwfZv|
Lvgvi cwiPvjbv welq wbR^ `Zv|
mì cvcZv|
Lvgvi vcbi Rb wbR^ Rwg|
wbR^ g~jab A_ev g~jab cvwi Drm|
Lvgvi cwiPvjbvi Rb mgq c`vb|
eevcbv/cwiPvjbvi Rb wek I ` Kgx|
2| DcKiY cvwi wbqZv

Mi cvwi Drm
Lvgvii Rb cqvRbxq mivg
Lv` mvgMxi Drm I cvcZv|
3| evRvii wbqZv
Drcvw`Z Mii Rb vbxq evRvi
gvsmi vbxq Pvwn`v A_ev wecbbi weK eev
vbxq RbmvaviYi ga Mii gvsm qi cwigvY
gvsmi weq g~j|
4| myhvM myweav
Lvgvi vcbi Rb cwiek
AveRbv I eR AcmviY myweav
mwbUkb myweav
en`vKvi Lvgvi nj Lvgvi wbqvwRZ ewì AvevwmK myweav I hvbevnb|
5| vb
QvU Lvgvi nj emZ evoxi wbKU, Ab_vq Abvb Lvgvi _K h_v me `~i
jvKvjq _K mve `~i
fvj hvMvhvM eev
e`ywZK myweav
DuPz vb hLvb RjveZv mwi mvebv bB
6| cK cYqb
Lvgvi vcbi Rb vbxq cvwYm` KgKZv I cqvRb FY`vb msvi mv_ hvMvhvM Ki
cK KiZ ne|
Lvgvi vcbi Rb GKwU bKkv cZ Kivi cqvRb ne|
bKkvi ga wewfb cKvi Nii Aevb, PviYf~wg, Nvm Drcv`bi Rwg Ges fwelZ
mcmviY myweav `LvZ ne|
cwiek `~lY mebv _vKj wKfve wbeviY Kiv hve, cKi ga Zvi K_v DjL _vKZ
ne|
7| Lvgvi cK MnY c~e weePbv

Mi gvUvZvRv Kivi c~e wbi AvjvwPZ welqjv weePbv KiZ ne t
g~jabt cKwU evevqb KiZ KZ UvKv jvMe Ges Gi wK Drm nZ cvi, Zv c~eB wVK KiZ
ne| KviY g~jab cyivcywi msMn bv Ki KvR i Kij cK wZM nevi mvebv _vK|
Mi weqi nvU t mvaviYZ nvU-evRvi _vKjB gvUvZvRv Mi weqi nvU AvQ eySvq bv| GjvKvq
KZwU vb KZwU Mi cwZw`b/cwZ mvn RevB Kiv Kiv nq Zv GKwU Rixci gvag RvbZ ne
Ges Zviv wK cwigvY Mii gvsm Lvq, mewb I mevP KZ ì Mii gvsm weq nq ZvI RvbZ
ne| MiwU weqi Rb nvU hZ ne bvwK KmvB Gm wbq hve m mK aviYv _vKZ ne|
Mevw`cvwYi Lv` mvgMxi cvcZv t Mevw`cvwYi h mKj Lv` è ìKvi Zv mK hgb cwivi
aviYv _vKZ ne Zgwb Lv` èwj Kv_vq, KZ`~i Ges KZ ì msMn Kiv hve Zv RvbZ
ne| eQii me mgq cvIqv hve wKbv Ges GKevi wKb ivLvi gZ cwigvY cvIqv hve wKbv Zv
RvbZ ne|
Kgx I Kgx eevcbv t cK mwVK evevqbi Rb `yB ev `yB Gi AwaK ewi mg^q GKwU
Kgxeevcbv Mo ZzjZ ne| cZK ewi KvRi mv_ Acii mg^q _vKv Riwi| Kgxì nZ
ne- mr, wbew`Z, `vwqZevb, eywgvb, mnvbyf~wZkxj, c~e G KvR ev Abyic KvRi AwfZv
mb|
22.3 Mi gvUvZvRvKiYi Rb AZvekKxq c`cmg~n
evwYwRKfve Mi gvUvZvRvKiYi Rb Kgc 12wU AZvekKxq c`cmg~ni cwZ weklfve
bRi w`Z nq t
1. cK Pvjyi Dchy mgq|
2. mwVK RvZi Mevw` cvwY wbevPb I q|
3. wewfb cvwYi ^v cixv I wPwKrmvi eev wbwZ KiY|
4. wewfb ivMi wei fvKwmb ev cwZlaK c`vb
5. Mevw` cvwYi ^vmZ evmvbi eev KiY|
6. mylg I chv cwigvY Lv` mieivn I wbwZ KiY|
7. cvwYi `wnK IRb iKW KiY
8. cvwYi myz eevcbv
9. Guo Mi LuvRv KiY
10. gvUvZvRvKiY cKi Rb gqv`Kvj|
11. evRviRvZKiYi Dchy mgq wbaviY|
12. Mi gvUvZvRvKiY cK wewbqvM I gybvdvi Z_ iKWKiY|
22.3.1 cK Pvjyi Dchy mgq
Avgvì `ki AvenvIqvq h Kvb mgq G cK i Kiv hvq| Ze Avgvì `k C`yj AvRnvi
mgq Mevw` cvwYi evcK Pvwn`v _vK| GB Drme hvZ cvwY weq Kiv hvq mB AbycvZ cK i
KiZ ne A_vr Drmei 4/5 gvm c~e cK Pvjy Kiv hZ cvi| GQvov h mgq Mevw` cvwYi `vg
Kg _vK Ges cvwY Lv` chv cwigvY cvIqv hvq mB mgq cK i Kiv hvq| h mgq cvwYi
`vg Pov I Lv`vfve Ges ivMi cKvc ewk mB mgq cK nvZ bIqv hve bv| Ze
bfî/wWmî gvm Avi Kij fvj nq| KviY, G mgq GKUz Vvv _vK dj Mevw`cvwYK GK
vb nZ q Ki Ab vb mnRB cwienb Kiv mnR nq Ges cvwY wbRK Lvc LvIqvZ cvi|
cK Pvjyi Dchy mgq wbfi Kie hLvb Lvgvi Kiv ne mLvbKvi AvenvIqv, Mi I Lvì
evRvi ì BZvw`|
22.3.2 cvwY wbevPb I q

Dchy RvZ I aib Abymvi cvwY wbevPb Ges qi wbewYZ welqmg~n AbymiY KiZ ne|
K) cvwYi eqm t gvUvZvRvKiY ev exd dvUwbs Kgm~Pxi Rb 2.5-4 ermii Guo/lvo Mi q

Kiv DwPZ| hwÌ Guo evQyii eqm wbq wgZ iqQ| KD KD Guo evQyii eqm 1.5-2 eQi
nIqv DwPZ ej gb Kib| Ze GB eqmi cvwY cPzi LZ cvi bv Ges LjI nRg KiZ cvi
bv| cKZc G eqmi luvo Mii kixi wVKgZ evoZ 5/6 gvm jM hvq| GRb 2 eQii D
Ggb cvwY njB fvj nq| mvaviYZ 2-4 eQii msKi RvZi luvo Mii ewi nvi Abvb eqmi
Zzjbvq ekx nIqvq gvUvZvRvKiYi G aibi eqmi cvwY wbevPb KiZ nq|
cvwYi eqm wbYq cwZ t Mevw`cvwYi eqm dvg _K q Kij dvgi iwRvi nZ cvIqv hvq|
GQvov cvwY gvwjKi wbKU _K Z_ wbq Rvbv hvq| evQyi Mii RbMnYi iwRvi msiwZ bv
_vKj cvwYi ùvZ I wks Gi wis `L eqm wbYq Kiv hvq| Mevw`cvwYi hLb `ywU vqx BbwmRi ùvZ
IV ZLb cvwYwUi eqm ne 19-24 gvm A_vr Mii eqm 2 eQi| Gi ci cwZ 6 gvm Ai Ai
GK Rvov Ki vqx ùvZ DV| GKwU 3.5-4.0 eQii Mii mvgbi wbPi cvwUZ cwZ cvk 4wU
Ki gvU 8wU ùvZ DVe| Mii evPv f~wg nIqvi mgq A_ev evQyii 1 mvn eqm mvgbi Avqx
ùvZ MRvq Ges 5-6 gvmi ga Avqx ùvZ mejv DV hvq| Avqx I vqx ùvZi ga cv_K
njv ùvZjv wKQyUv mi, `yB ùvZi gvS duvKv _vKe Ges vqx ùvZ gvUv nq IVe Ges `yB
ùvZi Mvovq Kvb duvKv _vKe bv| GQvov wks `L eqm wbYqi welqwU Aviv mnR| G wks
G MvjvKvi wis `L eqm wbicb Kiv nq| cwZ wisqi msLv +2 = cvwYi cKZ eqm|
GQvov ej` MiK gvUvZvRvKiYi cKi Rb q Ki `Lv MQ ejì ^v ZvovZvwo ew
nq GZ AbK cK MnYKvixMY Go Mii Pq ewk jvfevb nqQb|
(L) gvUvZvRvKiYi Rb RvZ evQvB

cvwY wbevPb Mii RvZ GKwU MiZ c~Y welq| Beef Fattening Gi Rb Avgvì `k gvsmj
Kvb c_K Mii RvZ bB| Mi gvUvZvRvKiYi Rb DbZ `k gvsmj RvZ eenvi nq| DbZ
`k wewfb aibi gvsmi Rb c_K RvZjv njvt GeviwWb, GvbMvm, exdgvvi I nwidvW
Wfb BZvw`
hnZz Avgvì `k gvsmi Rb c_K Kvb RvZ bvB myZivs `k cv Mi-evQyi ev msKi RvZi
cvwY weklfve gyjvqb (Individual Performences) Ki hvPvB-evQvB Kiv DwPZ Ges h mgq
Mii evRvi ì Kg _vK m mgq q Kiv DwPZ| Mi gvUvZvRv Kivi Rb `kx RvZi luvo,
kvnxIqvj msKi I wdwRqvb msKi RvZi luvo q Kiv evbxq|
Mevw` cvwY q Kivi mgq wbg ewYZ ewkjv wePvi Ki mZKZvi mwnZ cvwY wbevPb KiZ
ne|
ewkvejx t
1.cvwYwUi c~e esk fvj wKbv Zv fvj Ki Rb wbb|
2. gv_v I Mjv LvUv Ges PIov nZ ne|
3. Kcvj ck nIqv AvekK|
4. Mvqi Pvgov wXj Xvjv nIqv DwPr|
5 .Kuva Lye cyi I gmb|
6. wcV Pvv, AbKUv mgZj|
7. Kvgii `yB cvk ck I cyi|
8. eyK ck I weZZ nZ ne|
9. kixi nvoi AvKvi gvUv nZ ne|
10. mvgb cv `yUv LvUv I k mvg_ nZ ne|
11. wks LvUv I gvUv nIqv evbxq|
12. Guo/ej` Mi nIqv evbxq|
13. jR LvUv nZ ne|
14. ^vfvweK fve cvwYwU kvwiixK ivM wU gy nZ ne (Lvov, Mvq Nv, A, kixi wUDgvi,
ik~bZv BZvw`)|
15. ^vfvweK fve ùvovbv Aevq cvwYwUK GkwU AvqZi gZ nZ ne|
16. e`gRvRx Mi q Kiv DwPZ bq| (gvbyl `Lj Zv Ìqv Afvm)|
Mi qi Drm t Mi qi Drm AvM _K wVK KiZ ne| hgb-Kvb dvg _K msKi RvZi
ay luvo evQyi msMn Kiv hZ cvi| vbxq Kvb evRvi _KI `kx ev msKi RvZi luvo Mi q
Kiv hZ cvi Mi qi ci cwienY GKwU mgmv nZ cvi `y wZb wKjvwgUvi c_ nj MiK
nuvwUq wbq Avmv hZ cvi `~ii c_ nj AekB cwienY eenvi KiZ ne Ges m LiP cvlvZ
nj Mii msLv ewk nZ ne| MiK ewk nuvwUq wbj h cwikg ne Zv KvwUq DVZ mgq wbe
Ges LiPI ewk ne|
22.3.3 wbevwPZ cvwYi ^v cixv I wPwKrmv
1. Mijv Kvb ivM Avv wKbv Zv fvjvfve cixv Ki myz wPwKrmv Ki my Ki ZzjZ
ne|
2. cvwYK wW-Iqvwgs Gi gvag Kwggy KiZ ne| KviY Avgvì `ki cvq 100% cvwY KwgZ
Avv nq G Rb cvwY q Kivi ci AekB KwgbvkK Jla cqvM KiZ ne| Gi ci H cvwYK
3/4 gvm ci ci cybivq KwgbvkK Jla LvIqvZ ne| evRvi wewfb aibi eW cKUvg
KwgbvkK Jla cvIqv hvq|
wewfwb ivMi wei UxKv/cwZlaK

MiK Kvb wUKv Ìqv bv _vKj q Kivi 7 w`b ci _K wewfb aibi wUKv 15 w`b ci ci
w`Z ne| wb ewYZ wUKv cvwYK cqvM KiZ nq hgb- ZoKv, ziv, ev`jv, Mjvdzjv BZvw`|
cKi MiK Kgc 2wU fvKwmb AekB Kiv DwPZ| GKwU nj ZoKv ivM I AciwU njv ziv
ev F.M.D ivMi wUKv| KviY ZoKv GKwU gvivK ivM| ZoKv wUKv c`vb bv Kij h Kvb mgq
cvwY gviv hZ cvi| G ivM nj wPwKrmvi myhvM `q bv| ZoKv ivMi fvKwmb 1 wgwj Pvgovi
bxP w`Z ne eQi GKevi gv|
GQvov ziv (F.M.D) ivM I GKwU gvivK ivM hwÌ G ivM eo cvwY gviv hvq bv Z_vwc G
ivM cvwYi IRb GZ Kg hvq A_vr `yej nq co h 6 gvm mB c~ei Aevq cvwYi ^v wdi
Avm bv Ges kixi 6 gvm ch G ivMi RxevYy emevm Ki| ZvB ZoKv fvKwmb `qvi 10-16
w`b ci F.M.D fvKwmb w`Z ne| F.M.D fvKwmb wewfb b wgkY nq ZvB cZ KviKi
wb`k gvZveK hgb miKvix gnvLvjx cvwY m` MelYvMvi nZ Zwi fvKwmb 1wU b viv
nj 3 wmwm 2wU b viv Zwi nj 6 wmwm Pvgovi bxP w`Z ne| GQvov F.M.D Vaccine
we`kx nj b I cZ KviKi wb`k gvZveK GwU mvaviYZ 5 wmwm ev 2 wmwm Pvgovi bxP
w`Z nq| F.M.D fvKwmb cwZ 4 gvm ci ci Ìqvi wbqg|
DjwLZ 2wU fvKwmb cqvM Kij Mi gvUvZvRvKiYi cvwY msvgK ivMi nvZ nZ gvUvgywU
iv cve| Ze myhvM _vKj ev`jv I Mjvdzjv ivMi wUKv cqvM KiZ ne|
22.3.4 ^vmZ evmvb

Mii evmvbi Dk
1. wewfb cwZKyj Aev _K iv Kiv
2. wewfb eb cvYx Ges Pvi I `yKwZKvixì Dcè _K iv Kiv
3. Avivg`vqK cwiek evmi myhvM c`vb
4. ^v mZ eev MnY
5. mnR cwiPhv Kivi myweav
6. mnR Lv` c`vbi myweav
Lvgvi cqvRbxq Ni
1. Mii Ni
2. ivMvv Mii Avjv`v Ni
3. KgPvix/cwiPhvKvixi Ni|
Nii cKvi
1. Dy Ni Ges
2. cPwjZ Ni
Dy Nii weeiY
* GB Ni Pvwiw`K k KvV A_ev jvnvi cvBc viv Niv _vK
* Nivi ga Mi Qvov Aevq _vK
* Nivi evBi cv Lvevi Ìqv nq
* Nivi wfZi w`q gv_v XywKq Zviv Lv` LZ cvi Ges cv Ìqv cvwb cvb KiZ cvi|
* Nivi ga Zvì ^Z wekvgi Rb wbw` vb _vK
* Nivi ga cvwY ^vaxbfve wePiY KiZ cvi
* mKvj-weKvj Nivi wfZii Mvei cwivi Ki nvm cvBci mvnvh ayq Ìqv nq|
* KLbI GKB Nii ga wecixZ wjsi Mevw` cvwY GK ivLv nq bv
* GB cKvii Nii ay QvDwb _vK Ges Pvwiw`K Lvjvgjv _vK| So-ew I kxZi mgq
Pvwiw`K PUi c`v Szwjq Ìqvi eev _vK
* Dby Ni Mi cwZ 8-9 eMwgUvi vb ev 85-95 eMdzU vb cqvRb
* luvo Mi GB RvZxq Ni ivLv wKQyUv mgmv nq|
wP 22.1 t Mii evmvb

cPwjZ Nii weeiY
* GB cKvi Ni Mi euvav Aevq cvjb Kiv nq
* Nii ga Mi 1 ev 2 mvwiZ Aevb Ki
* cwZ Mii Rb ^Z _vKvi eev KvV A_ev jvnvi iW viv c_K Kiv _vK
* myL j^v gvbRvi ev Lv`cv Lv` c`vb Kiv nq
* Lv` cvi cvk evjwZZ A_ev ^Z ^qswq Aevq cvwb c`vbi eev _vK
* gvbRvi wmgU, myiKx, evwj viv XvjvB Ki cZ Kiv nq
* Mi cek c_i (Ges cwiPhvKvixi PjvPj c_i) Dfq w`K Wb _vK
* cwZw`b mKvj weKvj Wbi Mvei I Pbv cwivi KiZ nq
* `yB mvwiZ AevbKvix Mii Ni Avevi 2 cKwZi AgLy x Ges ewngyL x mvwi wewk|
AgLy x mvwi wewk Ni

* GB Ni Mi gyLvgywL Aevq Aevb Ki
* Dfq mvwii myL Lv` Ìqvi Rb gvbRvi _vK
* Dfq mvwii gvbRvii ga eivei cwiPhv I Lv` c`vbi Rb cwiPhvKvix PjvPji ivv _vK
* cwiPhvKvixi GKB mv_ Dfq mvwiZ Lv` cwiekb KiZ cvi
* Mii wcQb w`K ewngLy x _vK
* Mii wcQb eivei Wb _vK|
* cwZw`b Wbi ga _K Mvei I Pbv cwivi KiZ nq|
ewngLy x mvwi wewk Ni
* GB Ni Mi wecixZ gyLx Aevq Aevb Ki|
* GB cwZK Tail to tail cwZ ej
* Dfq mvwii gvSLvb PjvPj c_ _vK Ges ivvi I `yB cvk Wb _vK|
* `yB mvwi Mii mvgb Lvevi cv I Pjvi c_ _vK
* GB cwZZ Mi gy evZvm cvq|
* Mii wcQb w`K AgLy x _vK|
* GB ivvq hvZvqvZ Ki Mvei mnR cwivi Kiv hvq|
Mi gvUvZvRvKiY cwqvq Mevw` cvwYK Ave Aevq cvjb KiZ nq| ZvB Gì evmvb Dg
I mwVK nIqv evbxq| hLvb cvjb Kiv nq mB mg RvqMvq I Avkcvk cwivi cwiQb ivLZ
ne| cvwb I ewi cvwb hvZ Mwoq Pj hvq mB Rb evmvb mvgvb Xvjy cKwZi nj fvj nq|
cwZ Mii Rb 20 eMdzU (5 4 ) RvqMv cqvRb|
4wU Mii Rb megvU 80 eMdzU (5 4 4 ) RvqMvi cqvRb nq| Mvqvj Ni Mi jvK GK
mvwi ev 2 mvwiZ ivLv hZ cvi| Mi ùvovbvi myL Lvevi Pvwo/gvi ivLZ ne Gis Lvevi
Ìqvi c_ _vKZ ne Ges gS wcQbi w`K Xvjy ivLZ ne hvZ cmve-cvqLvbv Mo wcQbi
w`K Wbi gvag mnRB Pj hZ cvi| GZ Ni cwivi cwiQb _vKe| Nii Dcii Pvjv
A LiP KivB fvj hgb QvDwbZ Lo/Qb (Ni Vvv _vKe) A_ev XDwUb Ìqv hZ cvi| wUb
w`j wUbi bxP PvUvB w`Z ne GZ Ni Vvv _vKe Ges kxZKvj Kzqvkvi nvZ _K iv Kie|
Nii DPZv 7-10 wdU nZ ne| D DPZv wewk Nii Ìqvj 3 Ask Lvjv _vKe | hvZ Ni
chv cwigvY Avjv-evZvm cvq| dj ivM RxevYyi cKvc Kg ne| Ni Di-`wY gyLx nj fvj
nq| Nii Ìqvji eov BUi nZ ne| evKx duvKv Ask Lycox eovi gZ Kiv hZ cvi| Ze
AZvwaK kxZi/ewi mgq duvKv Ask PU w`q XK w`Z ne hvZ cvwY kxZ/cvwbZ wfR K bv
cvq| Nii gS cvKv ev BU weQvbv nZ ne|
23.3.5 Lv` eevcbv

exd dvUwbs cK Mevw` cvwYi Rb cwigvYgZ mylg Lv` mieivn mePq ewk iZcY~ |
Lvevii ZvwjKvq kKiv, Avwgl, Pwe I wfUvwgb Gi cwigvY mvaviYZt Lvì Pq ewk _vKZ
ne| cPzi cwigvY wUDeji UvUKv cvwb mieivn Kiv cqvRb| Avgvì `k Mevw` cvwYi mePq
mnRjf I mvaviY Lv` nj Lo hvi wfZi Avwgl, kKiv I LwbRi evcK Afve iqQ| eZgvb
AvaywbK hyM LoK BDwiqv viv cwqvRvZ Kij Zvi Lv`gvb eb eo hvq| ZvB AwZ A
LiP GKwU mywbw` wbqg BDwiqv I wPUvo wgwkZ Lo (BDwiqv gvjvmm ) LvBq MiK
gvUvZvRv Kiv hvq| Mi gvUvZvRv KiYi Rb Lv` BDwiqvi eenvi GKwU iZcY~ nvwZqvi I
AvaywbK cv| MiK gvUvZvRv KiYi Rb BDwiqv viv Zwi hgb BD.Gg.Gm ev BDwiqv
gvjvmm , BDwiqv cwqvRvZ Lo, gvjvmm eK, mivmwi BDwiqv h Kvb GKwU LvIqvjB
Pje|
Mi gvUvZvRvKiY Kb BDwiqv LvIqveb?

BDwiqv GK aibi ivmvqwbK mvi| Avgvì `ki cvwY Lv` Avwgli cwigvY Lye Kg, wK `Z
ewZ Avwgli iZcY~ f~wgKv AvQ| cvwYK h Lo Avgiv LvIqvB ZvZ Lye mvgvb cwigvY Avwgl
RvZxq Lv` AvQ| cvi BDwiqv mvi 245% yW Avwgl AvQ| ^g~j Lo DP gZvc~Y
Avwgli m wgwkq Lo Avwgli cwigvY AbKvsk evovbv hvq| G aibi BDwiqv cwqvRvZ Lo
cvwY Lj nVvr Ki kixi ew nq Ges cvwYi kixi evoZ _vK| GB Rb cvwYi ^v Mi
gvUvZvRvKiY cK ewi Rb BDwiqv eenvi AZvekK, KviY BDwiqv `Z gvsm evovq|
cvwY gvUvZvRvKiYi Rb mivmwi BDwiqv LvIqvi cwZ

BD.Gg.Gg. BDwiqv cwqvRvZ Lo I gvjvmm eK BZvw` h Kvb GKwU LvIqvbv Mi
gvUvZvRvKiYi Rb AZvekK| Ze mivmwi BDwiqv LvIqvjI cvwYK gvUvZvRvKiY mydj
cvIqv hvq| GB Rb cvwYK c_g 15 w`b 1 Pv PvgP ev 5 Mvg BDwiqv 200 wgwj Mvg wPUvoi
msM wgwkq Zv 1.5-2 wjUvi cvwbi msM wgwkq UzKiv UzKiv Ki KvUv Loi msM wgwkq LvIqvbv
hvq| 15 w`b ci ay BDwiqvi cwigvY 5 Mvg ew Ki gvU 10 Mvg ev 2 Pv PvgP GKB cwigvY
wPUvoi msM cwigvY gZ KvUv Loi/Nvmi msM wgwkq Ges cieZx 15 w`b ciI AviI 5 Mvg
ew Ki A_vr 15 Mvg ev 3 Pv PvgP GKB wbqg LvIqvbv hvq| cieZx 15 w`b ciI Avi 5 Mvg
gvU 20 Mvg ev 4 Pv PvgP BDwiqv LvIqvZ ne| cwZw`b 20 Mvg ev 4 Pv PvgPi ewk BDwiqv
LvIqvbv hve bv| GBfve mivmwi BDwiqv LvIqvbvi 3-4 gvmi ga cvwYi kixii gvsm eo
hve|
mveavbZv
1| KvbgB 20 Mvg/4 Pv PvgP Gi ewk BDwiqv cvwYK Ìqv hve bv|
2| Qq gvmi wbPi cvwYK LvIqvbv hve bv|
3| Aek wPUvo 200-250 wgwj Mvg Qvov eenvi Kiv hve bv|
4| Kbv Loi msM LvIqvZ ne|
5| c_g evi ev nVvr Ki 20 Mvg BDwiqv LvIqvbv hve bv| KviY, GZ cvwYi e`nRg nZ cvi
GgbwK wel wqvq cvwY gviv hZ cvi| ZvB 5 Mvg _K i Ki Av Av ew Ki mevP 20
Mvg LvIqvbv hvq|
cvwY Lv` cZi kZvejx

1| Lv` mylg nZ ne
2| mnRcvP nZ ne
3| Mii Rb cQ`bxq nZ ne
4| `vg Zzjbvg~jK Kg nZ ne
5| fRvj ev ayjvevwjgy nZ ne |
cvwY Lv` gRy` cYvjx

wKQy Lv` AvQ hv mviv eQi cvIqv hvq bv, hv gmyg gRy` Kij Kg `vg cvIqv hvq| hgb Nvm,
Lo, Lj, Wvji f~wl BZvw`|
Lv` hZ Kg `vg q Kiv hve Mi gvUvZvRvKiY cK jvf ZZ ewk ne|
wKwK Lv` gRy` KiZ ne t gmyg wfwK, Lo, KuvPv Nvm, km`vbv hgb Mg , fyv ev h Kvb
Wvj , Lj
Lv` gRy` Kivi wKQy mveavbZv

gRyì Ni AekB guvPvhy nZ ne|
Mgi f~wl AekB Kbv nZ ne
Kzov 2 gvmi ewk gRy` Kij QvK coZ cvi| m 2 gvm ci ci gRy` Kiv hZ
cvi|
Wvj/KjvBi f~wl 4 gvm ch gyR` Kiv hvq
Lj gRyì LjK fvswMq bv iL Av ivLZ ne GZ Lj ermiKvj msiY Kiv
hvq|
wSbyKi uov ermiKvj msiY Kiv hvq
BDwiqv hLb cqvRb ev ai wKbjB Pje|
gvjvmm Gi wPwbKj _K mviv eQii cqvRbxq cwigvY gRy` Kiv hZ cvi A_ev
mgq mgq q Kiv hZ cvi|
mKj B Lv` AekB ewi cvwbZ hb bv wfR m w`K bRi w`Z ne| uov RvZxq
Lvì Kbv wbgi cvZv evi fZi gvS gvS wKQy w`q ivLj cvKv aie bv|
mylg `vbv`vi Lv`
Kzov, Mgi f~wl, PvDji Ly`x, Lj, KjvB, gUi, Lkvix, Kbv i Kzov BZvw` Mii `vbv`vi Lv`|
cvwY gvUvZvRvKiYi Rb Lv` `vbv`vi RvZxq Lvì cqvRbxqZv ewk| evsjv`k h mg
Lv` mPviPi cvIqv hvq Zv viv ^ LiP mylg `vbv`vi Lv` Zwii gWj Ìqv njv| mylg
Lvì gWj AbymiY Ki gvUvZvRvKiYi MiK wbqwgZ LvIqvj Avkvbyic dj cvIqv hve|
Mi gvUvZvRvKiYi Rb mylg Lvì ZvwjKv

mviYx 22.1 t 1 KwR Lv` KZ cwigvY wK wK Lv` Dcv`vb _vK Zv wb Ìqv nBj
Lv` Dcv`vb cwigvY
Mgi f~wl 170 Mvg
PvDji Kzov (Zzl Qvov) 150 Mvg
wZji/mwilvi Lj 250 Mvg
PvDji Ly` (RvD ivbv) 100 Mvg
KjvB ev Qvjv fvsMv (Lkvix/gvwU/KvDwc) 200 Mvg
wWwmwc 20 Mvg
jeY 25 Mvg
wfUvwgb wcwg 5 Mvg
gvU 1000 Mvg ev 1 KwR
Lv` mieivni wbqg

exd dvUwbs ev Mi gvUvZvRvKiYi Rb Mevw` cvwYK cwZw`b wbewYZ nvi Lv` mieivn Kiv
cqvRb|
mviYx 22.2t wewfb IRbi cvwYi Rb Lv` mieivn
Lvì bvg
cvwYi weeiY BDGgGm ev BDwiqv
`vbv`vi Lv` mylg meyR Nvm
cwqvRvZ Lo ev ay Lo
100 KwRi Kg IRbi Rb 2 KwR 2.5-3 KwR 4-5 KwR
100-150 KwR IRbi
3 KwR 3.0-3.5 KwR 7-8 KwR
cvwYi Rb
150-200 KwR Ges 8-12
4 KwR 4.0-4.5 KwR
ZZD IRbi cvwYi Rb KwR
wP 22.2 t MiK KuvPv Nvm LvIqvbv nQ
exd dvUwbs ev Mi gvUvZvRvKiYi Rb Mev`x cvwYK Lv` LvIqvbvi wb`kvejx
cwivi I mylg Lv` LvIqvZ ne|
Avkuhy Lvevi 2-3 Bw UzKiv Ki LvIqvZ ne|
`vbv`vi Lvevi P~YweP~Y Ki LvIqvZ ne|
`vbv`vi Lvevi 4-6 fvM Pwe _vKZ ne|
`wnK IRb Abymvi cqvRbxq Lvevi GKevi bv w`q 24 NUvq 5-6 evi w`j cvwYi nRg
wqv fvj nq|
Lv` `vbv`vi, Lo, KuvPvNvm I cvwbi AbycvZ 1t3t5t10/15 nZ ne|
Lo LvIqvbvi c~e 2-3 NUv cvwbZ wfwRq ivLj Lvì gvb evo|
cvwY`n kZKiv 60-70 fvM cvwb ZvB 10-15 fvM cvwb mieivn KiZ ne|
cvwY`n hnZz 16 fvM Avwgl viv MwVZ myZivs Lv` kZKiv 16 fvMi ewk Avwgl
_vKZ ne|
aygv Lo bv w`q Gi mv_ `vbv`vi Lvevi, BDwiqv, gvjvmm, cvwb KuvPvNvm wgwkq
LvIqvj Lvì gvb ew nq|
Mi gvUvZvRvKiYi Rb mwilvi Lj ewk DcKvix|
cvwYi e`-nRg, cU-dvcv I cvZjv cvqLvbv nj `vbv`vi Lv` Lvevi Ìqv hve bv|
22.3.6 cvwYi `wnK IRb iKW KiY

GB cK cvwYi IRb wbqwgZ iKW Kiv GKwU iZcY~ welq| cK Pvjyi iZ qKZ mejv
cvwYi IRb c_K c_K fve iKW KiZ ne Ges 15 w`b ci ci cwZwU cvwYi IRb Lvevi
mieivni msM ew nQ wKbv Zv hvPvB Kiv hvq| ZvZ cvjbi AMMwZ eySv hvq| cKZ cvwYi
IRb wbYq Kivi Rb evjv eenvi KivB Dg | Ze mnR 1wU digyjvZ cvwYi IRb ei Kiv
hvq| Ze cvwYi mwVK IRbi KvQvKvwQ djvdj cvIqv hvq| K_ Uci mvnvh cvwYi `N I
eyKi gvc bIqv nq|
wP 22.4 t Mii IRb wbYqi Rb `N I eyKi eo gvcvi cwZ
cvwYi `N= cvwYi jRi Dcii wcb cqU _K A_ev cvQvi DuPz nvo nZ mvi cqU ev Mjvi
gvS eivei ch|
eyKi eo= mvgbi 2 cvqi wVK wcQbi w`K eivei
GQvovI Mevw`cvwYi eyKi eo _K Zvì `wnK IRb wbYq Kiv hvq|
wbP ZvwjKv `qv nj
mviYx 22.3 t Mevw`cvwYi eyKi eo _K Zvì `wnK IRb wbYq
eyyKi eo `wnK IRb eyyKi eo `wnK IRb eyyKi eo `wnK IRb
(Bw) (KwR) (Bw) (KwR) (Bw) (KwR)
25 19 39 64 53 162
26 20 40 69 54 171
27 21 41 73 55 181
28 23 42 78 56 191
29 25 43 83 57 200
30 27 44 87 58 210
31 30 45 92 59 219
32 32 46 96 60 229
33 35 47 101 61 234
34 39 48 113 62 247
35 43 49 123 63 256
36 49 50 133 64 265
37 54 51 143 65 275
38 59 52 152 66 286
cvwYi IRb iKW Gi gvag H cvwYi `wbK gvsm ewI cwigvY Rvbv hvq| GwU wbYq Kivi Rb
wbi dig~jv eenvi Kiv nq|
cvwYi `wbK gvsm ewi cwigvY ùvovj= cKi Mii weq Kivi mgq IRb - cK ii mgq cvwYi IRb
mgqi eeavb (w`b)
22.3.7 cvwYi Abvb hZ I my eevcbv
cvwYi myz eevcbv cKi DbwZi Avi GKwU eve c`c| Mi gvUvZvRvKiYi Rb wKwK
KiYxq Zv wb AvjvwPZ njv|
1| cwZw`b cvwYK kixi gR Mvmj KivZ ne Ges msM evm Kij fvj nq| GZ kixii ckg
Dj I PKPK Kie|
2| Lv` cwiekbvi DciI Mii Lv` MnYi ZviZg nq| hgb t
wbw` mgq cwZw`b Lv` mieivn Kiv|
Mii myL me`v Lv` ivLv|
Lv` mieivni AvM AekB cv cwivi Kiv|
`vbv`vi Lv` cqvRbxq cwigvY gc 2 evi (mKvj I weKvj) cwiekb Kiv|
`vbv`vi Lv` Avav fvv Aevq wfwRq LZ Af nj mfve `qv|
Kbv `vbv`vi Lv` w`j Lv` MnYi ciciB cvwb `qv|
Lo KU wfwRq cwiekb Kij Kg b nq Ges Lvì MnYhvMZvI evo |
Lv` AekB gvwU/evwj _vKv Lv` cPv, evwm, AwZ cyivZb bv nIqv|
3| Mi hw` wbR BQvq wbw` cwigvY Lvevi bv Lvq Ze euvki PvOv ev cvwKi evZj Ki Rvi
Ki cU fwZ Ki LvIqvZ ne| KviY cvwY hZ Lve ZZ ZvovZvwo kixii gvsm evoe|
4| cqvRbi AwZwi bovPov KiZ Ìqv hve bv|
5| Kvb cKvi KvR LvUvbv hve bv|
6| DwRZ ev weiZ Kiv hve bv|
7| gkv-gvwQ, AvUvjx _K cvwYK iv KiZ ne|
8| cvwYi KvQ me mgq wUDeqji UvUKv cvwb _vKe|
9| evmvb me mgq cwivi cwiQb ivLZ ne|
10| mvn GKw`b evmvb, Lvevi cv RxevYybvkK Jla hgb Avqvmvb (Iosan), mvWv, WUj/
mvfjb viv cwivi KiZ ne|
11| cwivi cwiQb Avjv evZvm Ni ivLZ ne|
12| Lv` msiYi RvqMv cwivi ivLZ ne hvZ Bu`yi ev KzKzi b bv Ki|
13| `wnK IRbi Dci wfw Ki `vbv`vi Lv` msiY KiZ ne|
14| wbqwgZ KwgbvkK Jla w`Z ne|
15| cwZw`b cwigvYgZ KuvPv Nvm I Lo w`Z ne|
16| Lv` BDwiqv w`Z ne|
17| cwZwbqZ we- wfUvwgb w`Z ne|
18| mgqgZ msvgK ivM mg~ni wUKv w`Z ne|
19| evwnii jvKRbK Mii KvQ hZ Ìqv hve bv|
20| mvn GKevi Mii IRb wbZ ne|
21| cvwY Amy nj m m wbU cvwY nvmcvZvj wbZ ne|
22.3.8 Gou MiK LuvRvKiY
Gou MiK LuvRvKiYi Dk njv cvwY hvZ kv nq Ges `Z kixi gvsm ew cvq| ZvQvov
LuvRvKZ cvwYK mnRB wbqb Kiv hvq| G RvZxq MiK wk, gwnjv, e mevB cwiPhv KiZ
cvi| Ze evRvi Gou Mii Pvwn`v ej` Mii Pq ekx| Avi h me cvwY Awi, Lvevii cwZ
iwP Zgb _vK bv Ges avZz ivM fvM H me MiK LuvRv Kiv DwPZ| Guo MiK LuvRv KiZ
ne Ze gywP viv KLbv LuvRv Kivbv hve bv| wbKU miKvix cvwY nvmcvZvj hvMvhvM Ki
evwWRv KvUUi gwkbi viv Guo MiK LuvRv KiZ ne| Lye mnR Dcvq evwWRv
KvmUUi viv Guo MiK LuvRv Kiv hvq| evwWRv viv Mii bvjxZ Pvc w`j bvjx wQo
hvq I i PjvPj e nq hvq dj Zix nZ cvi bv| `yB bvjxZ `yBevi Pvc w`Z nq|
evwWRv eenvii ci Zvb AvqvwWb ev ebwRb w`Z ne| eq Mi ev gwnl LuvRv KiZ nj
Acvikb KiZ nq| GZ D Mii DwRZ fve Kg Avme Ges LvIqvi cwZ gbvhvMx ne|
22.3.9 K gvUvZvRvKiY cKi Rb gqv`

Mi gvUvZvRvKiYi Rb wbw` gqv` Kvj GKwU iZcY~ welq| KviY Mi `Z gvUvZvRv nIqvi
wbw` mgq _vK Ges GwU wewfb dvimg~n hgb- Mii RvZ, eqm, Lv` eevcbv, AvenvIqv,
gvwjKi eevcbv I cvwicvwkK Aev BZvwì Dci wbfikxj| DjwLZ dvimg~n weePbv Ki
Mi gvUvZvRvKiY cKi gqv`Kvj Kg c 4 gvm nIqv evbxq| Ze mgqKvj wbfi Kie
Mii kvixwiK ewi nvi I eZgvb evRvi ì| G Rb cwZ mvn Mii IRb wbZ ne Ges kvixwiK
ewi nvi wnmve KiZ ne h cwZw`b KZ Mvg ev KwR gvsm kixi ew nQ| hw` Mii Lv`
LvIqv LiPi Zzjbvq `Z evoZ _vK m mgq Mi weq bv Kiv fvj| Ze Mii evRvi g~j hLb
ekx cvIqv hve ZLbB weq weePbv Kiv hvq| Mi gvUvZvRvKiYi gqv`Kvj mvaviYZt 4 gvm,
6 gvm, 8 gvm I 1 eQi evcx Kiv hvq| Avgvì `ki Mi gvUvZvRvKiY cKi gqv`Kvj 4
gvm I 6 gvm nq _vK| AwaK Mi gvUvZvRvKiY cKi gqv`Kvj m~Yic wbfi Kie cK
MnbKvixi Dci|
22.3.9 L Mi gvUvZvRvKiY cK wewbqvM I gybvdvi Z_ iKWKiY

Mi gvUvZvRvKiY cK wewbqvM I gybvdvi Z_ iKWKiY AZ iZcY~ c`c| KviY cK
KZ UvKv wK wK welq LiP nQ, Kvb RvZi I Kvb eqmi MiI gvsmewi nvi Kgb, cwZwU Mi
_K KZ Avq nQ Ges weq g~j AekB wjwLZ fve bv _vKj cKwU jvfRbK wKbv Zv ejv
hve bv| KviY, evwbwRKfve Mi gvUvZvRvKiY Lvgvi nZ nj AekB Mi gvUvZvRvKiY cK
wewbqvM I gybvdv Z_ iKWKiY KiZ ne| wbg Mi gvUvZvRvKiY cK wewbqvM I gybvdvi
Z_ msv c -dvigv Ìqv njv mB Abyhvqx cKi A_bwZK mgxv iKW Kiv hve| h
digU Ìqv njv Zv cK MnYKvix Gi m mshvRb ev weqvRb KiZ cvie|
mviYx 22.4 t Mi gvUvZvRvKiY cK wewbqvM I Avq eqi iKW msiYi RbGKwU cv-digv
t Mi Mii Mii qi q Lv` Mnb Lv` wPwKrmv megvU weq Mi KZ w`b Avq bxU
bs qi RvZ eqm mgq g~j eve` eve` LiP Kvwjb weqi gvUvZvRv gybvdv
Zvs Mii gvU LiP Mii Zvs Kiv
IRb LiP IRb nqQ
(KwR)
`vbv Lo KvuPv Mi Mei
`vi Nvm
22.3.9M Mi evRviRvZKiY
AwaK jvf Mi weq Mi gvUvZvRvKiYi GKwU iZcY~ welq| G welq Zx bRi ivLZ ne
bPr cvwYi cKZ g~j cvIqv hve bv| dj cK djcm~ ne bv| ZvB h Aj nvU evRvi ekx
`vg cvIqv hvq mB me nvU G Mi jvK weq KiZ ne| GQvov Avgvì `ki C`yj AvRnvi
gmyg weq Kij Gme Mii `vg ekx cvIqv hvq| GQvov gvsmi Rb Gme Mii Pvwn`v Avgvì
`k me Aj AvQ Ze XvKv I PMvg Gou ev nfx ej` Mii Pvwn`v evcK| ZvB XvKv ev
PMvg weq Kivi eev Kiv hZ cvi A_ev H Aji Mii eemvqx ev KmvBì mv_
hvMvhvM Ki+ cK ZvìK WK Gb weq Kij AwaK gybvdv cvIqv hve|
wP 22.4 t evRviRvZKiYi Dchy lvuo

Mi gvUvZvRvKiY (5 wU Mi) cKi Avq eqi wnmve
1| vqx wewbqvM
Rwgi Dbqb 25,000/-
Mii Ni 20 eMwgUvi @ 2000/- 40,000/-
hcvwZ 5,000/-
Abvb LiP 5,000/-
gvU 75,000/-
2| Drcv`b LiP ( cwZ evP)
Mi 5wU @ 12000/- 60,000/-
Lv` LiP- cwZ Mi 50/- UvKv nvi 120 w`bi Rb 30,000/-
fvKwmb I wPwKrmv 5,000/-
Abvb eq - AcPq ( hcvwZ I Nii 10%) 4,500/-
cwZ evP Drcv`b eq 99,500/-
3| evwlK Drcv`b eq 2,98,500/-
4| mve Avq
Mi 15 wU @ 25,000/- 3,75,000/-
Mvei 4,000/-
gvU Avq 3,79,000/-
5| wewbqvM eq - 1% 3,750/-
6| bxU Avq 3,75,250/-
7| bxU gybvdv ( 3,75,250/- - 2,98,500/-) 76,750/-
Mi gvUvZvRvKiY (20 wU Mi) cKi Avq eqi wnmve
1| vqx wewbqvM
Rwgi Dbqb 50,000/-
Mii Ni-80 eMwgUvi @ 2000/- 1,60,000/-
hcvwZ 10,000/-
Abvb LiP 10,000/-
gvU 2,30,000/-
2| Drcv`b LiP ( cwZ evP)
Mi 20wU @ 12000/- 2,40,000/-
Lv` LiP- cwZ Mi 50/- UvKv nvi 120 w`bi Rb 1,20,000/-
fvKwmb I wPwKrmv 20,000/-
gRyix ( kwgK 1 Rb, gvwmK eZb 3,000/- UvKv wnmve) 36,000/-
Abvb eq - AcPq ( hcvwZ I Nii 10%) 17,000/-
g~jabi my` 10% 23,000/-
cwZ evP Drcv`b eq 4,56,000/-
3| evwlK Drcv`b eq 13,68,000/-
4| mve Avq
Mi 60 wU @ 25,000/- 15,00,000/-
Mvei 15,000/-
gvU Avq 15,15,000/-
5| wewbqvM eq - 1% 15,000/-
6| bxU Avq 15,00,000/-
7| bxU gybvdv (15,00,000/- - 13,68,000/-) 1,32,000/-
DrmtMncvwjZ cvwY-cvwLi wPwKrmv I Mi gvUvZvRvKiYi AvaywbK cwZ - Wt gvt Rvjvj Dwb mi`vi
gwWDj-23 t gwnl cvjb
23.1 gwnl cvjbi iZ
evsjv`ki A_bxwZZ Mi-QvMji bvq gwnliI iZcY~ Ae`vb iqQ| Gwkqvi cvq `kB
gwnl g~jZ fvievnx cvwY wnme weewPZ nq _vK| MvgxY cwiek GLbv gwnl viv f~wg KlY Kiv
nq| ZvQvov cY cwienb, AvL I avb gvovB cfwZ KvR gwnl eeZ nq _vK| evsjv`k
gwnli mywbw`w Kvb RvZ bB, Ze GìK g~jZ `ywU kYxZ fvM Kiv hvq| h_v- b`xi gwnl
(wifviUvBc) I Rjvf~wgi gwnl (mvqv UvBc)| ^fveMZ KviY gwnl Lvj-wej, b`x-bvjv I cyKzi-
Wvevi cvwbZ Wye _vKZ cQ` Ki| Avgvì `k Pi ev DcKjeZx GjvKvq gwnl cvjb mnR|
mvivw`b Giv Pii wewfb vb wePiY Ki Ges ivZ GìK eovnxb Ni AvUK ivLv nq| G mgq
GìK wKQy `vbv`vi Lv` mieivn Kiv nq| hwÌ Mi _K gwnli ivMevjvB Kg ZeyI evPv
gwnl mnR ivMvv nZ cvi I m gZznvi ewk nq _vK|
Dbqbkxj wek MvgxY GjvKvq Pvlvev` GLbv cvwYkwi Dci ejvsk wbfi Ki| Mvgvj
bvbvwea KvR gwnl eeZ nq _vK| Mevw`cvwYi Zzjbvq Giv ewk kwkvjx, KgV I gvjvgvj
cwienb mg| ZvQvov MncvwjZ Abvb cvwYi Zzjbvq gwnl _K AbK ewk gvsm cvIqv hvq|
gwnli `ya I `yRvZ cYi Pvwn`v Ges g~jI ewk|
gwnl cvjbi myweavw`

1. wbgvbi AvukRvZxq Lv` MnY KiI Giv Drcv`bg _vK|
2. Mii Zzjbvq gwnli Lv` icvi `Zv ewk|
3. gwnl cwZKj cwiek hgb ebv, So I ewZ GgbwK Kvbv evmvb QvovI evm KiZ
cvi|
4. Mii Zzjbvq gwnl ewk w`b euvP ej `xNw`b evPv I `ya c`vb Ki|
5. gwnl Pvlvev` I fvix gvjvgvj cwienb AZ KvhKi|
6. gwnli ivMevjvB Zzjbvg~jKfve Kg|
7. gwnli `ya `yPwe ewk _vKvq DrKgvbi `yRvZ cY hgb `B, wN, cwbi, gvLb BZvw`
Drcvw`Z nq|
8. gwnli evQyi `Z eabkxj weavq evwYwRKwfwZ gvsm Drcv`bi Rb gwnl eenvi AZ
DchvMx| `yB eQii Kg eq gwnli gvsm Lye my^v`y|
9. gwnl cavbZ wePiY Ki Lv` msMn Ki| Gì Rb DbZgvbi evmvbi cqvRb nq bv
weavq gwnl cvjb kg I LiP `y-B Kg nq|
10. gwnli Pvgov gvUv I k hv RyZv, RyZvi mvj, e BZvw` ZwiZ eeZ nq| Gì
Pvgovi evwYwRK g~jI h_|
11. Mii ckgi Pq gwnli ckgi `pZv I bgbxqZv AbK ewk| ZvB gwnli ckg w`q
evk cZ Kiv nq _vK|
12. gwnli nvo, wks I zi w`q g~jevb cY mvgMx Drcvw`Z nq|
13. RevBKZ gwnli ii cwigvY Zzjbvg~jKfve AbK ewk nq ej Zv cwqvRvZ Ki
nuvm-gyiwMi Lv` wnmve eenvi Kij A_bwZKfve h_ jvfevb nIqv hvq|
23.2 gwnli RvZ I Gì ewk
eZgvb hme gwnl cwZcvwjZ nq Zv Gwkqvi eb cRvwZi gwnli eskai ej Rvbv hvq| GìK
g~jZ 2wU kYxZ fvM Kiv hvq| h_v-
1| b`xi gwnl (wifvi UvBc) I
2| Rjvf~wgi gwnl (mvqv UvBc)
b`xi gwnl (wifvi UvBc)

b`xi gwnl fviZ, cvwKvb, evsjv`k, ga Gwkqv, `~i cvP, ivwkqv I BDivci wewfb `k cvwjZ
nq| Giv mvZhy cwivi cvwbZ kixi Wyweq ivLZ cQ` Ki| Gì Mvqi is Kvjv, wks QvU
I euvKvbv Ges AvKvi Rjvf~wgi gwnl Acv eo (wP-23.1)| cavbZ `ya Drcv`bi Rb Gì
cvjb Kiv nq| Gì gvRvg msLv 50 | DbZ RvZi b`xi gwnli ga gyiivn, bvMcyix,
Rvdivev`x I wbwj-ivwf DjLhvM|
wP-23.1 b`xi gwnl (wifvi UvBc)
Rjvf~wgi gwnl (mvqv UvBc)

Rjvf~wgi gwnl B`vbwkqv, gvjqwkqv, Pxb, wdwjcvBb, gvqvbgvi BZvw` `k `Lv hvq| Giv
Kv`vcvwb ev mvZnxb Rjvf~wgZ kixi Wyweq ivLZ cQ` Ki| G aibi gwnli Mvqi is KvjP
ev Mvp a~mi _K mv`v nq _vK| Gì wks ewk j^v nq (wP-23.2)| Giv cwikgx wK Gì
`ya Drcv`b gZv Kg| Giv mvaviYZt nvjPvl I cwienbi KvR eeZ nq| Gì gvRvg
msLv 48| Rjvf~wgi gwnl wnmve KvqvBcv, gvwiW I jvj gwnl cwm|
wP-23.2 Rjvf~wgi gwnl (mvqv UvBc)

23.3 gwnli evmvb I Lv` eevcbv
gwnl ^fveMZ KviY cvwb cQ` Ki| ZvB Gì evmvbi Avkcvk b`x-bvjv, Lvj-wej, cyKzi-
Wvev _vKj fvj nq| Mii Mvqvj Nii gZ gwnli Mvqvj Ni cwivi ivLZ nq Ges Lvjv ev
e cwZZ gwnl cvjb Kiv hvq| Ze Mii Nii Zzjbvq gwnli Ni AvqZb eo nq| gwnli Ni
MvQi wbP Qvqvhy vb nj fvj nq Ges Ggb RvqMvq Ni wbgvY Kiv DwPZ hLvb chv Avjv
evZvm iqQ| Nii gS cvKv nIqv DwPZ hb mnR cwivi Kiv hvq| evwYwRK AvKvi eo
Lvgvii Rb wewfb eqm ev aibi gwnli Nii eevcbv wbP AvjvPbv Kiv njv|
evQyii Ni
Rbi c_g KqK gvm wekl Ki c_g gvm AbK evQyi GK GK Ni bv ivLvB fvj| cZK
evQyii Rb 1wg. 1.5 wg. AvKvii c_K LuvPv _vKv Dg| GZ bvwfZ ivM wevii mvebv nvm
cve| ZvQvov c_Kfve evQyii hZ bqvI mnR ne| evQyii eqm 1 gvmi ewk nj Abvb
evQyii mv_ GK eo Ni ivLv hZ cvi| Gme Nii mvgb wKQyUv Dy vb _vKv cqvRb
hvZ mLvb Giv mvQ` Pjvdiv I òv`wo KiZ cvi| MvgxY cwiek gwnli evQyiK
c_g KqK mvn Mvqvj Nii GK RvqMvq gv-gwnl _K mvgvb `~i eua ivLv nq|
eKbv gwnli Ni
MvgxY cwiek eKbv gwnlK Abvb gwnli mv_ GKB Mvqvj Ni ivLv nq| wK evwYwRK
Lvgvii eKbv gwnlK Ab gwnl _K Avjv`v ivLv nq| eKbv gwnlK mvaviYZ Lvjv Ni ivLv
nq| GB Ni wekvg I LvIqvi Rb c_K vb _vK| wekvgi vb Qv`hy Avi LvIqvi vb Qv`gy
nq _vK| Ze cvKv vb c_Kfve Lv` I cvwbi eev Kiv nq _vK|
MfeZx gwnli Ni
MfeZx gwnlK cmei Kgc GK mvn c~e Abvb `yeZx gwnl _K Avjv`v Ki cm~wZ Ni
ivLZ ne| cm~wZ Ni me`v cwivi-cwiQb I Avjv-evZvmhy nZ ne| cm~wZ Ni 9-10
eMwgUvii QvU nIqv wVK bq|
luvo gwnli Ni
GKwU c~Yeq gwnl luvoi Rb 10-12 eMwgUvi AvqZb wewk Qv`hy Ni cqvRb| GB Nii `yB
cvk Dy _vKe| Lvjv w`K 15-20 eMwgUvi vb DVvb ev cvWK _vKv Riwi| DVvbi Pvwiw`K
jvnvi ebx ev BUi `qvj _vKZ ne| luvoi Ni Lvevi èvi Rb Pvwo I cvwb wQUvbvi eev
ivLZ ne|
mviYx 23.1 t gwnli Nii gSi cwigvY
gwnli cKwZ Qv`hy GjvKv (eMwgUvi) Qv`nxb GjvKv (eMwgUvi)
eKbv gwnl 1-1.5 5-6
MfeZx gwnl 3-4 8-10
luvo gwnl 10-12 15-20
Lv` eevcbv
evsjv`ki DcKjeZx ewki fvM GjvKvq gwnlK ev_vb jvjb-cvjb Kiv nq| Giv mviv eQi
GLvb _vK Ges wePiY Ki wewfb aibi Nvm (Gvwj, Dwi, `~ev, PBPv) Lvq| GìK mvaviYZt
`vbv`vi Lv` `qv nq bv| h mg gwnlK mwg-BbUbwmf cwZZ cvjb Kiv nq mwjK KvuPv
Nvm, avbi Lo I mvgvb cwigvY `vbv`vi Lv` mieivn Kiv nq | G`ki ewki fvM gwnlB ivvi
cvki Nvm, avbi Lo Ges KLbI KLbI Lj f~wl Lq Rxeb aviY Ki| gwnl _K chv `ya I
gvsm cZ nj GìK cywKi mylg Lv` w`Z ne|
gwnli Lv`
gwnli zav wbew I kvixiexq Kvhvejx mwVKfve cwiPvjbvi Rb Lv`gvbi m Lvì mwVK
AvqZbI wekl iZcY~ f~wgKv cvjb Ki| GRb gwnli Lv` Avukhy nj Zv AvqZbmb nIqv
DwPZ| Lv` ZvwjKvfy Dcv`vbjv hb mnRjf I mv nq mw`KI j ivLZ ne| gwnli
`wnK IRb I Drcv`b f` Lv` mieivni gvS cv_K nq _vK| mvaviYZ 100 KwR `wnK
IRbi gwnli Rb 2.5-3.0 KwR c`v_i cqvRb nq hv Avukhy I `vbv`vi Lv` _K cZ
ne Ges cqvRbxq c`v_i 2/3 Ask Avukhy Ges 1/3 Ask `vbv`vi Lv` _K mieivn Kiv
DwPZ| Avevi Avukhy Lvì 1/3 Ask meyR Nvm nj fvj nq|
evQyii Lv` ZvwjKv

Rbi ci gwnli evPvi igb my`p _vK bv| ZvB G mgq weklfve Zwi Lv` LvIqvZ ne|
evQyiK kvj`ya, `ya, bbxwenxb `ya, Kvd vUvi (calf starter) cfwZ LvIqvbv DwPZ| Ze wKQy
wKQy DbZgvbi ZvRv ev Nvm LvIqvbv DwPZ hvZ igbi MVb Zivw^Z nq| mviYx-23.2 G 3
gvm eqm ch evQyii Lv`ZvwjKv c` njv|
mviYx 23.2 t Rbi w`b _K 3 gvm ch evQyii `bw`b Lv` ZvwjKv

eqm bbxhy `ya (wgwj) bbxwenxb `ya (wgwj) Kvd vUvi DbZgvbi Kbv Nvm
(Mvg) (Mvg)
Rbi ci c_g 3 w`b 2580 (kvj`ya)
4_-7g w`b 2500
2q mvn 3000 50 250
3q mvn 3250 100 350
4_ mvn 3000 300 500
5g mvn 1500 1000 400 550
6 mvn 2500 600 600
7g mvn 2000 700 700
8g mvn 1750 800 800
9g mvn 1250 1000 1000
10 mvn 1200 1100
11k mvn 1300 1200
12 mvn 1400 1400
13k mvn 1700 1900
Kvd vUvi
Kvd vUvi aibi `vbv`vi Lvì wgkY| GZ 20-23% cwicvP Avwgl I 70-73% mvgwMK
cwicvP cyw (TDN) we`gvb|
mviYx 23.3 t Kvd vUvi Lvì wgkY
Lv` Dcv`vb cwigvY (%)
fyv P~Y 10
he P~Y 10
Mgi f~wl 10
ev`vg Lj 34
Mg P~Y 15
Qvjv P~Y 10
jvBgvb cvDWvi/nvoi uov 3
wPUvo 5
LwbR c`v_ 3
eq gwnli Lv` ZvwjKv

gwnli Drcv`b gZv ewi c~ekZ nj Dchy mylg Lv` c`vb| GRb GìK chv KuvPv Nvm I
`vbv`vi Lv` mieivn KiZ ne|
mviYx 23.4 t wj I eqmf` `wbK Lv` c`vbi cwigvY

gwnli cKwZ meyR Nvm Lo/ Nvm `vbv`vi Lv`
`yeZx gwnl 10 KwR 6 KwR 1.5 KwR
eKbv gwnl 5.72 KwR 5.08 KwR 410 Mvg
evo gwnl (3 eQii Kg) 1.59 KwR 1.64 KwR 10 Mvg
ej` ev luvo gwnl 6.51 KwR 5.43 KwR 109 Mvg
`vbv`vi Lvì gvU cwigvYi 2-3 fvM Mgi f~wl/PvDji Kzuov ev fyvP~Y, 1 fvM Qvjv ev Lmvixi
f~wl Ges 1 fvM Lj _vKZ ne| ZvQvov jeY I Abvb LwbR ev wfUvwgb wcwg gvU `vbv`vi
Lvì 1% wnmve c`vb KiZ nq| Lo QvU Ki KU cvwbZ wfwRq mvgvb wPUvo wgwkq
LvIqvj Lvì MnYhvMZv I cywgvb AbK eo hvq| GB mv_ chv cwigvY cwivi cvwb
mieivn KiZ ne|
23.4 gwnli cwiPhv I ^v eevcbv

gwnlK my, mej I Kgg ivLv Ges Gì _K chv Drcv`b cZ nj mwVK eevcbv ev
cwiPhv cqvRb| cwiPhv I ^vmZ jvjbcvjb ejZ mgqgZv Lvevi cwiekb, MfeZx gwnli
hZ, cwiPhv, Amyì wPwKrmvi eev Kiv, mgqgZv wUKv c`vb, KwgbvkK Jla c`vb, Ni I
AvbylvwK wRwbmc wbqwgZ cwivi I RxevYygyKiY BZvw`K evSvq|
evQyii cwiPhv
m`cm~Z evQyi hb chv cwigvY kvj`ya ev Kjvg cvq mw`K Lqvj ivLZ ne| evQyii
bvwfZ RxevYybvkK Jla jvMvZ ne I wbqwgZ hZ KiZ ne hb ZvZ Kvbv ivMRxevYyi
msgY bv NU| evQyii eqm 2 mvn nIqvi c~eB KwgbvkK Jla meb KivZ ne Ges wbw`
mgq wUKv c`vb KiZ ne| cqvRbeva cyil evQyiK wbw` mgq LuvRv Ki wbZ ne|
MfeZx I cm~wZ gwnli cwiPhv

MfeZx gwnlK evPv cmei AZ GK mvn c~e Abvb gwnl _K c_K Ki cm~wZ Ni cvjb
KiZ ne| vbvii c~e cm~wZ Ni Dgic cwivi I RxevYygy Ki wbZ ne| MfeZx gwnlK
cmei 6-8 mvn c~e _K `vbv`vi Lv`mn cPzi cywKi Lv` c`vb KiZ ne| cmei GK mvn
c~e _K cPzi cwigvY KuvPv Nvm mieivn Kiv DwPZ| GZ KvKvwVb nIqvi mvebv _vK bv|
cmei mgq Kvbv mgmv nQ wKbv Zv Lqvj ivLZ ne| cmeweN nj ev cmei 24 NUvi ga
Mfdzj wbv bv nj cvwY wPwKrmKi kiYvcb nZ ne| cmei ci cm~wZi `n Kzmyg Mig cvwb
w`q ayq w`Z ne| Gici GìK cPzi cwigvY we cvwb I cywKi Lv` c`vb KiZ ne|
luvo gwnli cwiPhv

my I Kgg ivLvi Rb luvo gwnlK wbqwgZ cywKi Lv` mieivn, cwivi-cwiQb I Avjv-
evZvmc~Y Ni ivLv Ges wbqwgZ evqvg Kivbv AZ iZcY~ | evqvgi Rb Rbk~b ivv ev Lvjv
gvV GK NUv òSuvc KivbvB h_| 2-3 eQi eq luvo mvn `yevii ewk cvj `qvi KvR
eenvi Kiv wVK bq| 3 eQii ewk eq luvoK mvn GKevi cvj `qvi Rb eenvi Kiv hvq|
Ze 1 mvni ga cvj `qvi KvR eeZ bv nj cvj `qvi mgq luvoK 2q evi myhvM Ìqv
DwPZ| Kbbv 1g evi gZ vYyi msLv ewk _vK|
Abvb cwiPhvmg~n
* gwnli msLv ewk nj Pbvi Rb Kvb UvM bî jvMvZ ne|
* fvievnx gwnli cqvRbeva zii bxP jnwbwgZ my ev RyZv jvMvZ ne|
* gwnli `n cqvRbi Zzjbvq NgMwi msLv LyeB Kg| ZvB b`xi gwnl cwivi cvwb
Ges Rjvkqi gwnl Wvev-bvjvi K`gv cvwb Mvq gL `ni Zvcgvv wbqY Ki|
gwnli G aibi Mvmj ev MovMwoK Wallowing ej (wP-23.3)| hLvb
Wallowing Gi eev bB mLvb Qvqvhy vb cvwbi cvBci mvnvh w`b AZ `yevi
gwnlK Mvmj Kivbv DwPZ| Gì kixi fvjvfve Wj cwivi KiZ ne|
wP-23.3 gwnli Mvmj

* cwZw`b wbw` mgq `ya `vnb KiZ ne| `ya `vnbi mgq cwivi-cwiQbZv eRvq
ivLZ ne|
* Kvbv gwnl Amy nj m m c_K Ki wPwKrmvi eev wbZ ne|
gwnli ivM-evjvB
gwnli wewfb aibi ivM nq _vK| Giv Abvb Mevw` cvwYi bvq RxevYyNwUZ, ciRxexNwUZ,
AcywRwbZ, wecvKxq I Abvb ivM Avv nZ cvi| Gi ga ZoKv, ev`jv, Mjvdzjv, zivivM
I KwgRwbZ ivM AbZg| hnZz KlKiv wbqwgZ fvKwmb `q bv I KwgbvkK Jla eenvi Ki
bv mnZz Gme ivM cwZ eQi AbK gwnl gviv hvq| wekl Ki gwnli evPvi gZzi nvi cvqk:
15-30% nq _vK| Gì wewfb msvgK ivMi Rb mwVK mgq wVK gZ wUKv cqvM KiZ ne
Ges eQi AZ `yevi KwgbvkK Jla LvIqvZ ne| gwnli ivM cwZiva eev Abvb Mevw`
cvwYi gZB hv gWyj- 25 G AvjvPbv Kiv ne|
Drmt
*gwnl cvjb I cwiPhv - gvt Igi dviK, Gg.G. nvmbvZ, L`Kvi Mvjvg gvdv
*MncvwjZ cvwYcvjb - evsjv`k Db wekwe`vjq
gwWDj-24 t
`ya I `yRvZ è
24.1 `yai gvb I cwigvY Kg-ekx nIqvi KviY
`ya Drcv`b nj GKwU eo aibi cwqv hLvb AbK welq RwoZ| GLvb cvwYi wbR^ ewk I
myz eevcbvi gvag `yai gvb I cwigvY Kg-ekx nIqvi KviY eYbv Kiv nj|
24.1.1 cvwYi wbR^ ewki gvag `yai gvb I cwigvY Kg-ekx nIqvi KviY
1| cvwYi RvZ t Mvfxi `ygvb I cwigvY DfqB RvZi Dci wbfi Ki| Mvfxi `ya Drcv`bi
cwigvY Ges `yai Dcv`vb hgb- Pwe, LwbR c`v_ BZvw` wewfb RvZi cvwYZ Kg ekx nq| DP
Drcv`bkxj cvwY _K `ya Drcv`b ekx cvIqv hvq | hgb- njBb wdwRqvb, Rvwm, evDb
myBm,qiw, kvnxIqvj, wmw | Abw`K `kx RvZi cvwYi `ya Drcv`b Zzjbvg~jKfve Kg|
`yai gvb I cwigvY `yUv wecixZ wRwbm| `yai cwigvY ekx nj Pwei cwigvY ^vfvweKfveB Kg
nq hvq| GRb Avgvì `kx cvwYZ Pwei cwigvY ekx|
2| esk I eqm t GKB RvZi cvwYi esk I eqm f` `yai gvb I cwigvY Kgekx nq| Mvfx 1g
weqvb Kg `ya `q | axi axi 5g weqvbi mgq ch Mvfx ekx `ya `q I Pwei cwigvY evoZ
_vK| Zvici _K `ya Drcv`bi cwigvY I `ya Pwei cvigvY KgZ _vK|
3| cvwYi Drcv`b gZv I msLv t wbevwPZ cvwYi Drcv`b gZv ekx nj I cvwYi msLv ekx
nj ekx cwigvY `ya cvIqv hve|
4| cvwYi kvixwiK Aev t Mvfxi kvixwiK Aev wekl Ki MfKvj I cmeKvj my^v Avkvbyic
`ya Drcv`bi Rb AZ iZcY~ | Mvfx nZ ekx `ya cZ nj MfKvj myz cwiPhv I mylg Lv`
mieivn Kiv cqvRb|
5| cvwYi AvKvi t GKB RvZi QvU AvKvii Mvfx _K eo AvKvii Mvfx nZ ekx `ya cvIqv
hvq|
6| cvwYi Ijvb I euvUi Aev t `yRvZ cvwYi Ijvb I euvUi Aev hZ fvj ne `ya Drcv`b ZZ
ekx ne| mvaviYZt Mvfxi gvU `ya Drcv`bi 40% Ijvbi myLi Aski euvU Ges 60%
wcQbi Aski euvU _K cvIqv hvq| GRb ivMgy Ijvb I euvUi AvKvii Dci `yai gvb I
cwigvY wbfi Ki|
7| cvwYi AfixY Aev t cvwYi kixi AfixY Kvb mgmv hvZ bv _vK| wekl Ki nigvb
RvZxq, cvwYi Mig bv nIqv ev Ab Kvb mgmv BZvw`| Mvfx mgmvgy bv nj fvj `ya Drcv`b
me bq|
8| Mfev t cuvP gvm MfeZx Mvfx `y c`vb DjLhvM cfve dj| G mgq `yai cwigvY Kg
hvq|
9| cvwYi ivM t me ivMB `yai gvb I cwigvY Kgvq| Ze gvmUvBwUm ev Ijvb c`vn mePq
ekx `ya Drcv`b Kgvq I YMZ gvb b Ki `q| GRb Ijvb c`vnhy MvfxI `ya Drcv`bi
mv_ RwoZ|
24.1.2 myz eevcbvi gvag `yai gvb I cwigvY Kg-ekx nIqvi KviY
1| cvwYLv` t Lv` `ya Drcv`bi cwigvY I gvbi Dci iZcY~ cfve dj| A_vr hZ fvj Lve
ZZ ekx Drcv`b wè| MvfxK mylg Lv` bv w`j `ya Drcv`b Kg hvq Avevi AwZwi `vbv`vi
Lv`, ewo RvZxq Lv`, ekx imvjv Lv` I Nvm, wgwnfve uov n BZvw` `yai Pwei cwigvY Kwgq
`q| `ya LwbR c`v_ I wfUvwgbi cwigvY Mvfxi Lv` viv evovbv hvq| MvfxK mylg Lv` bv w`j
Avwgl I kKiv RvZxq Dcv`vb I `ya Drcv`b Kg hvq|
2| eevcbv t `ya Drcv`bi mvdj wbfi Ki cvwYi mvweK eevcbvi Dci| KviY fvj RvZi
cvwY njI fvj evmvb I iYveYi Afve, wUc~Y `ya `vnb, ivM BZvw` Drcv`bi Dci
weic cfve dj|
3| `ya `vnb cwZ t `yai gvb I cwigvY `ya `vnb cwZi Dci wbfi Ki| Kg Drcv`bkxj ev
`kx cvwY _K mnRB nvZi mvnvh `ya `vnb Kiv hvq| wK AwaK Drcv`bkxj cvwYi Rb
gwkbi mvnvh `ya `vnbi cqvRb co Ges `vnbi mgq `ya hb `~wlZ bv nq mw`K
weklfve Lqvj ivLZ ne|
4| `vnb Kvj t `vnb Kvji 1g 50 w`b `ya Drcv`b ekx _vK I ci Av Av Kg hvq| 90
w`b ci `ya Pwei nvi ew cvq Ges Avwgli nvi AvswkK ew cvq|
5| `ya Qvovb Kvj t cmei c~e Kgc 2 gvm Ijvbi Z c~iYi Rb cqvRb| Mvfx 12-13
gvm `ynxb Aevq _vKj Drcv`b ekx nq|
6| `vnbi nvi I mgq t w`b 2-3 evi `ya `vnb Kij `ya Drcv`b ekx cvIqv hvq| KviY
Ijvbi `y aviY gZv mxwgZ| `vnbi ciB mevwaK `yiY nq| Ijvbi `yai Pvc ewi mv_
mv_ `yiY KgZ _vK| `vnbi gaeZx mgq ekx nj `yai cwigvY eo hvq wK Pwei
cwigvY Kg hvq| mgq wnmve Ki `ya `vnb Kij `ya Drcv`b ekx nq| cwZw`b GKB mgq
GKBfve `vnb Kiv DwPZ| mvaviYZt mKvj `yai Drcv`b ekx nq I weKvj Pwei cwigvY ewk
_vK|
7| `ya c~Y `vnb I `vnbKvix t `ya me mgq c~Yfve `vnb KiZ ne| bZzev Drcv`b Kg ne
Ges Pwei cwigvYI Kg ne| KviY Pwe `vnbi kli w`K ekx cwigvY cvIqv hvq| GKB ew
`ya `vnb Kij Mvfx f` AvPiY Ki I `ya Drcv`b ewk nq|
8| Gvm mvBKj t hnZz `ya Drcv`bi Rb `vqx jvKUvRwbK nigvb Mvfxi Gvm mvBKj
Ask bq| hnZz G mgq Mvfxi Drcv`b DjLhvMfve Kg hvq|
9| evPv c`vbi eeavb t `xNweiZx w`q Mvfx evPv w`j `ya Drcv`b ew cvq|
10| cvwbi cfve t MvfxK w`b GKevi cvwb LvIqvj h cwigvY `ya cvIqv hvq,BQv gZ cvwb
Z w`j 3.5% ewk `ya cvIqv hvq|
11| cvwYi cRbb I QvUvB t `kx RvZi cvwY _K hnZz `ya Drcv`b Kg cvIqv hvq, m
AvcMwWs cRbb cwZZ cvwYi cRbb NUvZ ne| Zvnj `ya Drcv`b ewk ne| Kg Drcv`bkxj
I Amy Mvfx ev` w`q bZzb fvj Mvfx cwZvcbi gvag `ya Drcv`b evovbv hvq|
12| FZz I AvenvIqv t kxZ gmyg `yai cwigvY I Pwei Ask ekx nq| Mx, elv I Av`
AvenvIqvq `yai cwigvY I gvb nvm cvq | 85 wWMx dvibnvBU Zvcgvvq I 60% Av`Zv Mvfxi
Rb msKUgq Zvcgvv I Av`Zv ejv nq|
24.2.1 we `ya `vnbi wbqvgvejx
cKwZi mek Av`k Lv` `ya| wK G `ya cwivi-cwiQbZvi Afve AwZ mnR `~wlZ nq
co| `ya `vnb cwZB Gi cavb KviY Ges `vnbi mgqB AmsL wZKi RxevYy `ya XyK co|
`ya RxevYy GZ `Z ew cvq h `yai cywgvb AwZ mnRB b Ki dj| ZvB `ya `vnbi mgq
hZ ewk cwivi-cwiQbZv Aej^b Kiv hvq ZZ fvj `ya cvIqv hvq|
1. `vnbi c~e MvfxK fvj Ki cwivi Ki wbZ ne| Mvfxi cvrfvM, Ijvb, euvU, jR,
gjvii Pvicvk fvjfve ayq djZ ne Ges Kbv cwivi Kvco w`q gyQ djZ
ne| kxZKvj mvgvb Mig cvwb eenvi KiZ ne|
2. `ya `vnbi c~eB Mvfxi kixiK evk Ki AvjMv ckg mwiq djZ ne|
3. Mvqvjv ev `ya `vnbKvixK AekB cwivi-cwiQb nZ ne| Mvqvjvi nvZ ev kixii
Abvb hb Kvb PgivM bv _vK Ges nvZi bL I Avyj me`v cwivi-cwiQb _vK|
4. `vnbi cv AekB cwivi-cwiQb I RxevYygy nZ ne| G Rb AvM _KB dzU cvwb
w`q `y cv cwivi Ki wKq ivLZ ne|
5. hLvb AbK Mvfx `vnb KiZ ne, m wekl aibi (stainless Steel)
Bbjm& xji Zwi `ya `vnb cv Kiv evbxq| H `ya `vnb-cvi (Milking
pail) wfZi gmY nIqv DwPZ Ges Zvi gyL DcwifvMi GK cvk XvKv _vKZ ne|
wP 24.1 t K AvswkK Lvj Av`k evjwZ

L m~Y Lvjv `ya `vnvevi evjwZ|
6. weK wnme wfb aibi `ya `vnb cv eenvi Kiv hZ cvi, hv Mig cvwb w`q mnR
cwivi Kiv hvq|
7. `ya `vnbi vb me`v cwivi-cwiQb nZ ne|
8. Mvfx `vnbi mgq MvfxK hb KzKzi ev Ab Kvb cvYx ev gvbyl DZ KiZ bv cvi Zvi
eev KiZ ne|
9. cwZw`b wbw` mgq, wbw` RvqMvq, wbw` jvK w`q wbw` cv `ya `vnb KiZ ne| G
eevq Mvfx Lye mnR ZvovZvwo `ya Qo è; mgq, cv, vb I jvKi AvMgb m^
cwiwPZ _vKe Zvi dj `ya `vnb mnR I cwic~Y ne|
10. `vnbKvix `ya `vnbi mgq hb nuvwP, Kvwk bv `q m evcvi c~e mZKZv Aej^b KiZ
ne A_vr ivMvv Kvb jvK w`q `ya `vnb bv Kivbv DwPZ|
11. `ya `vnb i nIqvi c~e g~Z evQyi Mvfxi cwZUv euvU gyL w`q mvgvb wKQy `ya hb PU
bq| Gi dj euvU hw` Kvb RxevYy _K _vK Zv AcmvwiZ ne|
12. hLb evQyi _vKe bv ZLb euvU nZ mvgvb cwigvY `ya Ab GKUv cv ev Kvc mwiq ivLv
fvj| GZ `ya RxevYygy nZ cvi|
13. AbKB `ya w`q nvZ wfwRq euvU wcwQj Kivi Afvm AvQ| Gi dj cPzi RxevYy `ya XyK
covi mvebv _K hvq| ZvB G Afvm AekB ZvM Kiv DwPZ|
14. euvUK g`yfve Avyj w`q g`b Ki big Ki wbj euvU Kbv _vKjI `ya `vnb Kiv hvq|
Gi dj `ya RxevYy ceki mvebv Kg _vK|
15. hw` euvU eo nq Ze euvUK gyV Ki evi evi msKvPb KijI `ya `vnb mnR nq|
16. `ya h_v me ZvovZvwo `vnb kl KivB Dg| bZzev ewk mgq wbj m~Y `ya `vnbi
c~eB Ijvb wKQy `ya AvUK _vKZ cvi| A_ev Mvfx `ya DwVq wbe| `vnbi kl chvq
`ya bbxi fvM ewk _vK| myZivs Gfve mevK `yai Ask wekl Ijvb _K hvevi
mvebv _vK|
17. `ya `vnbi ciciB `yaK Vvv Ki wbZ ne| wngvwqZ Kivi eev _vKj wngvwqZ Kiv
Dg| Ze `yaK cvwiZ KiZ cvij mePq fvj nq|
24.2.2 `ya `vnb cwZ

`ya `vnb nj `ya Drcv`b cwqvq GKwU iZ&cY~ welq| `ya `vnb GKwU cwqv hvi gvag
`yMw nZ `ya wbtmiY Kiv nq, hv nvZ viv A_ev gwkbi mvnvh Kiv hvq| nvZ viv `ya `vnb
wZbfve nZ cvi- (K) c~Y n `vnb (L) bvW viv `vnb (M) `yB Avyj viv `vnb
cwZmg~ni eYbv
(1) nvZ viv `ya `vnb (Hand milking)
g~jbxwZ t nvZi mvnvh `yai euvUi Dci Pvc cqvM Kij Ijvbi wfZii `yai Dci Pvc co|
hLb Pvc AcmviY Kiv nq ZLb Ijvbi `ya euvU Pj Avm| Avevi hLb euvU Pvc `qv nq ZLb
GKB mv_ `ya wbPi cv Rgv nq Ges Ijvbi wfZiI Pvc co| Gfve `ya `vnb cwqv PjZ
_vK|
(K) c~Y n `vnb t h mg Mvfxi Ijvbi MVb fvj Ges Ges euvUwj cwiwgZ AvKvii aiv nq
hvZ QvU Avyji AMfvM gy _vK| Gfve euvU ai evi evi gyVv Lvjv Ges ei gvag `ya
`vnb KiZ nq|
(L) bvW viv `vnb t h mg Mvfxi euvU gvUv I gvsmj, m mg Mvfx `vnbi Rb G cwZ
Dchy| G cwZZ evywji AafvM Ges c_g Avyj viv euvUK Ggbfve aiv nq hvZ evywji
AMfvM w`q euvU Pvc cqvM Kiv hvq| Gfve evywj viv evi evi Pvc cqvM Kivi gvag `ya
`vnb KiZ nq|
(M) `yB Ayj viv `vnb t h mg Mvfxi euvU QvU, m mg Mvfx G cwZZ `vnbi Rb
Dchy| G cwZZ evyj Ges c_g Avyj Gi AMfvM w`q euvU aiv nq| `y Avyj w`q Pvc
cqvMmn Dci-wbP Ki `ya `vnb KiZ nq|
24.3.1 Zij `ya msiY

`ya GKwU AwZ mse`bkxj Lv`| mvaviYZt `ya `vnbi A mgqi ga eenvi bv Kij `ya
mnR b nq hvq| mRb `ya msiYi cqvRb co|
`ya msiY nj GKwU cwqv hLvb `yaK GKwU wbw` mgqmxgv ch cPbgy iL Lv` wnmve
eenvi DchvMx ivLv nq|
`ya msiY cwZ t`yaK wewfbfve msiY Kiv hvq| Ze `ya msiY eev Zgb mnR bq|
KviY `yai ivmvqwbK MVbi cwieZb Lye mnRB NU| mRb `ya `vnbi ciciB `yaK QuvKZ I
Vvv KiZ nq|
(1) Vvv cwqv
(K) wWcwdR t `yaK wWcwdR ivLj Rg hvq Ges msiY Kiv hvq| Ze G `ya RxevYyi
eskew bv NUjI ivmvqwbK MVbi cwieZb nq Ges YMZgvb Kg hvq|
(L) wngkxZj UvsK t `yaK wngkxZj UvsK iL KqK NUv msiY Kiv hvq| G axi axi
`yai ivmvqwbK MVbi cwieZb nZ _vK|
(2) Mig cwqv
mvaviY Zvcgvvq wewfb RxevYy `ya jvKwUK AvwmW Drcbi gvag `yaK UK ^v`hy Ki dj|
cUvKvB (Streptococci) bvgK evKUwiqv RxevYy cavbZ `ya AvwmW Zwi Ki|
evKUwiqv RxevYy mvaviY Zvcgvvq `Z eskew Ki| ZvB Zvcgvv wbqY Ki `xN mgq `ya
msiY Kiv hvq|
(K) `ya dzUvbv t `yaK dzUvj 7-8 NUv msiY Kiv hvq|
(L) `yaK 4 NUv cici 20 wgwbU Ki dzUvbv Gfve `ya dzUvj `ya RxevYygy nq Ges msiY Kiv
hvq|
(M) DP Zvcgvvq cwqvRvZKiY (cvivBRkb, wijvBRkb)|
(3) uov`ya t `yaK gwkbi mvnvh wKq uov `ya Zwi Ki AbKw`b ch msiY Kiv hvq|
Ze G `yai YvY wKQyUv b nq hvq|
(4) `ya _K wewfb `yRvZ è evbvbv t `yai m wewfb ivmvqwbK è wgwkq `yaK msiY
Kiv hvq| hgb nvBWvRb cvi AvBW, mvwWqvg evB KvebU, jvKUv cvi AwWR BZvw`|
0.05% nvBWvRb cviAvBW `ya wgwkq w`j `ya 15-16 w`b ch msiY Kiv hvq, `ya dzUvj
nvBWvRb cvi AvBW b nq hvq|
24.3.2 `ya cwienb I wecYb

`yai Pvwn`v wgUvZ Ges `yaK cwqvZvRKiYi Dk `yai cwienb Kivi cqvRb co| `ya
cwienb nj `yaK Drcv`bi RvqMv _K mivmwi fvMi RvqMv ev cwqvRvZKiYi RvqMvq
bIqvi ci fvMi RvqMvq cuQvbv| `yBfve `yaK cwienb Kiv hZ cvi| wg Kvbi mvnvh
I UvK UvsKi mvnvh |hnZz `ya GKwU k Av`k Lv` mnZz Zvi Pvwn`vI AbK| ZvB Zvi
myz wecYbI iZcY~ welq| `ya wecYbi Pvbj `Lvbv nj t
Drcv`K/ cwWDmvi (Producer) Wqix Lvgvi
jvKvj gvKU
Wqix cvU
fvv/KbRygvi (Consumer)
wPt 24.2.`ya wecYb Pvbj
`ya wecYbi mgmv

1. ^vmZ `ya mK RbmvaviYi vbi Afve|
2. ^vmZ `yai AcZzjZv|
3. `yai Amg mieivn|
4. `yai AwaK cPbkxj ^fve|
5. `ya cwqvRvZKiY mgmv|
6. `ya wecYb bxwZ bv _vKv|
7. KvwiMwi vbi Afve|
`ya wecYb mgmvi mgvavb
1. hyMvchvMx `ya wecYb bxwZ cYqb|
2. ej cPvii eevKiY|
3. `kxq jvMmB chywi Dveb|
4. wkv cvVg welqi AfywKiY|
5. RbmPZbZv mw Kiv|
6. KvwiMwi `Zv evovbv|
7. D`vvì webvmy` FY, cwkY I cyivii eevKiY|
24.4.1 wewfb `yRvZ è cZ I evRviRvZKiY

`y wk RxevYy DcKvi I AcKvi `yB Ki _vK| evKUwiqv hgb `yai cPb aivq Zgwb
evKUwiqv mgqgZ wekl eenvii gvag wewfb cywKi , my^v`y I gvbyli ^vi Rb
DcKvix `yRvZ è cZ Kiv hvq| hgb `B I cwbi ZixZ wbw` RxevYyB g~L fywgKv cvjb Ki
_vK|
`ya Zvc w`q LvIqv QvovI `ya viv AviI ewea cywKi my^v`y Lvevi evbvbv hvq hgb -bbx, gvLb ,
AvBmwg, wN, cwbi, `B BZvw`|
`B t Avgvì `k `B AZ Rbwcq `yRvZ Lv`| `B Zix KiZ `yaK AbKb Rvj w`q Nb
KiZ nq, 10 KwR cwigvY `yaK Rvj w`q 6.5-7 KwR Ki Zvi msM c~ei `B Gi exR wgwkq
w`q cwivi cv Xj iL w`jB `B Zixi cwqv i nq| G Aevq iL w`j `yai Dci
evKUwiqvi wqv i nq Ges `B Zix nq| evKUwiqv jvKwUK GwmW, GwmwUK GwmW I
WvBGwmUvBj Ges Abvb Mvm Drcb Ki| `B Zix nj GK cKvi myM cvIqv hvq hv mvavibZt
WvBGwmUvBji Rb mw nq|
wNt wN AZwaK Pwehy GK cKvi `yRvZ è | wN bvbv fve Zix Kiv hvq| mvavibZ xg, `yai
mi I gvLb Zvc w`q dzwUq wN Zix Kiv nq|
wP 24.3 t wN Zix nQ
AvBmxgt Vvvq Rgvbv GK cKvi `yRvZ è| AvBmxg wewfb iKgi nZ cvi| AvBmxg
Zixi Rb LuvwU `ya/ KbWW ev ov `ya cvwbZ j eenvi Kiv hvq| c_g wewfb Dcv`vb gc
wbZ ne| `yai mv_ 16% nvi wPwb wgwkq dzwUq wbZ ne| Zvici wbw` AbycvZ Abvb
Dcv`vb wgwkq wdRvi w`Z ne| AvBmxg AbK mgq mgvbfve Rg bv dj LZ fvj jvM
bv| 0.5% nvi Kb-dvIqvi w`j fvjfve RgvU euvae| AvBmxg BQvgZ myM eenvi Kiv
hvq| mvaviYZt fvwbjv, eix, PKvjU, gvsMv Gm eenvi Kiv nq| cwZ wjUvi `ya AbycvZ 3
wgt wjt mU w`jB h_|
AvBmxg Zixi KqKwU dg~jv

1| K) Nb `ya 4 wjUvi 2| K) `ya 4 wjUvi
L) wg 1 wjUvi L) KbW `ya 250 Mvg
M) wPwb 1 KwR M) wPwb 1 KwR
N) Kb-dvIqvi 180 Mvg N) PKvjU 50 Mvg
O) Gm 4 Pv PvgP| O) Gm 4 Pv PvgP|
`ya I wPwb GKm Rvj w`q Vvv nj Abvb `ya, wPwb I PKvjU GKm Rvj w`q Vvv
Ki
è wgwkq wdRvi w`Z ne| Abvb è wgwkq wdRvi ivLZ ne|
3| K) Nb `ya 5 wjUvi
L) wPwb 1 KwR
M) Kgjvjey/ Avbvimi im 1 KwR
`ya I wPwb Rvj w`q Vvv Ki dji im wgwkq wdRvi w`Z ne|
`y cvKURvZ Kiv
cwZhvMxZvg~jK evRvi wewfbfve MvnKi wbKU AviI AvKlYxq I ^vmZfve Dcvcb Kivi
GKwU DjLhvM cwZ nj `ya cvKURvZ Kiv| `ya cvKU Kivi Rb cavbZt KuvP, KvMR,
KvWevW Ges cvwK RvZxq è eenvi Kiv nq| G mg cvKU GKevi ev eevi eenvii
DchvMx Ki Zix Kiv hvq|
KuvPi evZj t wewfb AvKvii KuvPi evZj `ya fi Zvi wbKU mieivn Kiv hvq| KuvPi evZj
AbKw`b hver eenvi Kiv hZ cvi| cwZevi eenvii ci ov mvevb w`q cwivi Ki cvwbZ
dzwUq wKq cybivq eenvi Kiv hvq| nvZ ev ^qswq gwkb `ya KuvPi evZj fiv hZ cvi|
G evZj hvbevnb KvVi e Ki `~i `~iv cwienb Kiv hvq|
KvMR ev KvWevWi cvKU t KvMR ev KvWevWK GKevi eenvihvM cvKU wnmve Zix Kiv
hvq| AvR cwjw_bi AveiYhy KvMRi cvKU eenvi nQ| KvMRi cvKU mvaviYZt Kvc,
wf~RvKwZ, MvjvKvi AvqZvKvi BZvw` bvbv AvKvii Kiv hvq| KvMRi cvKU `ya cvKURvZ
KiZ wekl aiYi hcvwZi cqvRb nq| RxevYygy `yaK KvMRi cvKU iwdRvikb QvovB
ekwKQz mgq msiY Kiv hvq Ges `yi`yiv cwienb Kiv hvq|
cvwK cvKU t wewfb aibi QvU eo bvbv AvKwZi cvwK evZj ev cvKU `y wk eenvi Kiv
nq| `ya cvKU Kivi KvR mdjfve cwjw_bi cvKU eenvi Kiv hvq| G RvZxq cvKU
RxevYygy `ya fi gyL e Ki jvfRbKfve eemv Kiv hvq| `ya cvKU fivi mv_ mv_ hZ `Z
me Vvv vb ev iwdRviUi ivLZ nq| cvKUK wewfb isqi I AvKlYxq Ki Zix Kiv
hvq|
eZgvb Avgvì `k ek wKQz emiKvix cwZvb I miKvix cwZvb `ya cvKU Ki evRviRvZ
KiQ| Lye A LiP I AwZ mvaviY cwZ eenvi KiB QvU wKsev eo h Kvb Lvgvii Drcvw`Z
`ya G cwZZ cvKU Ki evRviRvZ Kiv hZ cvi|
24.5 cwbi Drcv`b I evRviRvZKib

cwbi `yRvZ cYi ga GKwU AbZg cY hv `y RgvU GbRvBg iwbb `ya hvM Ki Zix Kiv
nq| Avgvì `kxq cwbi g~jZt wKkviMi AMvg _K Drcw jvf KiQ hv AvvRvwZK
fve XvKv cwbi bvg cwiwPZ| AMvg evmxiv Rvbvb h 300-350 eQi AvM _K AMvg cwbi
Drcb nq|
cwbii myweav
1. `ya Dg cvbxq I cywKi Lv` njI AwZ A mgq b nq hvq|
2. cwbi msiY mgmv Kg Ges GKwU jvfRbK cY|
3. cwbiK mvaviY Zvcgvvq 10-20 w`b ivLv hvq|
4. AbybZ vb mnR Dcvq Ges Kg LiP `y msiYi AbZg I cavb Dcvq nQ cwbi
Drcv`b|
5. cvKwZK Zvcgvvq Gi msiYKvj AwaK nIqvq cwbiK myweavRbK mgq evRviRvZ Kiv
hvq hv `yai me bq|
6. AwaK msiYKvj _vKvq cwbiK `~i `~iv evRviRvZ KivI me|
7. cwbi `y Awgl RvZxq Lvì AwZ Dg Drm hv evPv I eì Avwgl cyw Pvwn`v gUvZ
DjLhvM Ae`vb ivLZ mg|
cwbi Zwii DcKiY

Mi, gwnl ev QvMji `ya, gvIqv ( cwqvRvZ cvKjx), gvIqvi cvwb, Gvjywgwbqvg cv ( 50
wjUvi), Bbjm xji avivjv Qzwi, euvki Zix Qzwi, euvki Zix Szwo ev UzKwi, Lv` jeY Ges
cwbi wQ` Kivi Rb PvLv KvwV (cwiwa cvq 2.5-3mwg.)|
gvIqv Zix
mvaviY fve gvIqv njv jeY viv weklfve cvwqvKZ Mi ev QvMji cvKjx hv iv` wKq
Zix Kiv nq| Mi ev QvMji cvKjx PviwU Ask wef h_vt igb, iwUKzjvg, Igmvg I
Avevgmvg ev cKZ cvKjx (cvKjxi klvsk)| GB Avevgmvg w`qB gvIqv Zix Kiv nq|
evwnK fve hv `LZ AbKUv evsjv Ai 5 Gi gZ| KmvB Lvbv nZ evo Mii GB cvKjx
10-15 UvKv ì q Kiv nq| cvKjxi wfZii eR AcmviYi Rb avivjv PvKz w`q KU wUDe
Iqji cvwb w`q AZ mZKZvi mv_ ayZ ne hvZ cvKjxi wfZii wcwQj(wgDKvm) Ask
cvwbi mv_ ayq bv hvq| Gevi euvki PvUvB Gi Dci cvKjx Ggb fve weQvbv nq hvZ cvKjxi
wfZii Ask Dci _vK|
AZtci 250-500 Mvg cwigvY Lv` jeY cvKjxZ mgfve wQwUq Ìqv nq| Gfve cvKjx 3-
4 w`b iva Kvq UzKiv UzKiv Ki KU gvIqv Zix Kiv nq| gvIqv mvaviYZt Vvv RvqMvq h
Kvb cv iL cvq 30 w`b ch fvjfve msiY Kiv hvq|
gvIqvi cvwb cZKiY (40 KwR `yai wnmve)
MxKvj GKwU Mii cwKqvKZ cKZ cvKjx ev gvIqvi 1/4 Ask ev 25 kZvsk Ges kxZKvj
1/3 Ask ev 33 kZvsk cwigvY gvIqv GKwU cv wbq ZvZ 2-3 KwR cwigvY cvwb I 1 KwR
cwigvY KuvPv `ya wgkvq 24 NUv wfRvq ivLZ ne| eenvii c~e gvIqvi UzKiv jv `ya I
cvwbi èY fvjfve wgwkZ KiZ ne| cwbi Zwii c~e gvIqvi cvwb AekB cvZjv cwivi
Kvco QuK wbZ ne| vbxq fvlvq GB cvwbB gvIqvi cvwb bvg cwiwPZ|
`ya _K cwbi Zix

`y `nbi 3-4 NUv ci 40 KwR KuvPv `ya QK GKwU Gjywgwbqvgi cv wbZ ne| 2-3 KwR
cwigvY gvIqvi cvwb axi axi `ya hvM KiZ ne Ges fvj fve bvoZ ne| `ya RgvU euvavi
Rb 10-30 wgwbU mgq wi iL w`Z ne| `ya RgvU nqQ wKbv Zv `Lvi Rb euvki Zix
cvZjv Qzwi `ya cek Kivq `LZ ne| hw` QzwiwU mvRv `vqgvb _vK Ze eySZ ne `ya RgvU
mwVK nqQ|
RgvU euvavi 10 wgwbU ci euvki Zix Qzwi viv RgvU `yaK AvovAvwo fve KU w`Z ne|
KvUvi dj KwZZ RvqMv _K bxjvf eYi cvwb ei nq Avmj Gi 10 wgwbU ci KwZZ
RgvU `yaK nvZ w`q AvjZv fve f w`Z ne|
QvbvK Dg ic w_Zvbvi Rb 5-10 wg. mgq iL `yB nvZ w`q Pvc cqvM Ki Lye axi
axi cvi GKcvk Rgv KiZ ne| Ggb fve Pvc cqvM KiZ ne hb Qvbvi wfZi Lye
ekx cvwb bv _vK Ges Pvcv Aevq _vK|
Gevi QvbvK Bbjm xji avivjv Qzwi viv UzKiv UzKiv Ki KvUZ ne|
AZtci Qvbvi UzKivK euvki Zix SzwoZ ( cwZwU Szwoi evm ne cvq 16 mwg. Ges
DPZv ne cvq 6-7 mwg.) nvZ viv Vm fiZ ne| 40 KwR `yai Qvbv w`q 5 wU
Szwo(cwZwU SzwoZ cwbii IRb ne 1 KwR) c~Y Kiv me|
wbw` AvKvi AvKwZi(Szwoi Qvc) Rb 15 wgwbU ci Qvbv wcK c_g Dwq w`Z ne|
cvwb wbkbi Rb Qvbvi wcmn Szwo GKwU cv cvq 15 NUv ivLZ ne Ges mB mv_
SzwowU Ab GKwU cv viv XK ivLZ ne, hvZ evBii gqjv ev cvKvgvKo bv co|
15 NUv ci Szwoi cwbi wcK 2q evi Dwq PvLv KvwV viv ( evm cvq 2.5-3mwg.)
K` ev gvS eivei wZbwU wQ` Ki (wfyRvKwZi) ZvZ 50 Mvg Lvevi jeY XywKq w`Z
ne|
evowZ jeY cwbi wci Pvicvk gL w`Z ne| GZ jeY axi axi Mj mg cwbi
wc wevi jvf Kie| Gfve 3 w`b ch ivLZ ne|
cwbi Drcv`b
kxZKvj cwZ 8 KwR Mii `ya nZ 1 KwR cwbi Ges MxKvj 9 KwR `ya _K 1 KwR cwbi
Drcvw`Z nq _vK| gwnli `ya nZ Mo cwZ 7 KwR `ya _K 1 KwR cwbi Drcvw`Z nq|
cwbi msiY
Mx I elvKvj ^vfvweK cwiek/Zvcgvvq AMvg cwbiK 7-10 w`b Ges kxZKvj 15-20 w`b
ch msiY Kiv hvq| cwbi ekx w`b ch msiY KiZ nj 2 w`b ci ci jeY cvwb w`q Nl
w`Z ne| Ze Kvb Kvb cZKviK cwbii msiYKvj ew Ges wekl Av^vì Rb Dby
Avbi Pzjvi auvqvq iL auvqvwqZ Ki _vKb| GB cwqvi gvag cwbiK 1 gvm _K 2 gvm
ch msiY Kiv hvq|
evRviRvZ Kib
AMvgi cwbi cZKviK mvaviYZt wewfb GjvKvq LyiPv evRvi Ges XvKvZ cvBKvix wew Ki
_vKb| LyiPv evRvi cwbiK AbK mgq fvvi Pvwn`v Abymvi KU KU wew Kiv nq| GQvovI
wKQz cZKviK wbR evoxZ em cwbi wew Ki _vKb|
Qvbvi cvwbi eenvi

cwZ 40 KwR `ya _K cwbi Zwii mgq DcRvZ wnmve cvq 35-36 wjUvi Qvbvi cvwb cvIqv
hvq| GB cvwbi 2-3 wjUvi c_g w`bi wfRvbv gvIqv hvM Ki gvIqvi cvwb Zix Kiv hvq|
Gfve wfRvbv gvIqv 3 w`b ch eenvi Kiv hvq| GQvovI Qvbvi cvwb gvbyli Lv` wnmve eenvi
Kiv hvq|
h mKj Aj `yai `vg ekx mLvb cwbi Zix bv KivB fvj| Kvib GZ Ki cwbii Drcv`b
LiP ekx coe|
Drmt
*cvwY Lvgvi I wPwKrmv - Gm Gg Bgvg mvBb
*cvwY cvjb - Kwl mcmviY Awaì
gwWDj-25 t
Mevw` cvwYi ivM I ^vwewa
25.1.1 Mevw` cvwY my _vKvi jY
cvwY Zvi cvwicvwkK Aevi cwZ mZK _vKe I ^vfvweK fve bovPov Kie|
bvK, gyL, PvL cwivi I Dj _vKe|
kixii jvg gmY I PKPK _vKe|
bvKi AMfvM fRv fRv I we`y we`y Nvg _vKe|
Kvb I Ijvb bovPov Ki gkv-gvwQ Zvove|
^vfvweKfve LvIqv `vIqv Kie|
Rvei KvUe|
wccvmv ^vfvweK _vKe|
gj-g~ ^vfvweK _vKe|
kixii Zvc ^vfvweK _vKe|
cvwY Amy nj Dciv Aevi evwZg `Lv hve Ges h ivM Avv ne mB ivMi jY
cKvk cve|
25.1.2 ivM RxevYy Qovbvi gvag
cvwYi `n wewfb fve RxevYy cek KiZ cvi| mvaviYZt gyL-Mni, bvmvi, Pvgovi Z, hvwb
c_, gj-g~ ZvMi ivv, euvUi wQ`, PvL BZvwì gvag ivMi RxevYy `ni ga cek Ki|
Mevw` cvwYi ivM cwZiva Kivi Rb ivM RxevYy Qovbvi Dcvq mK aviYv _vKv ìKvi|
mvaviYZt wbgvfve ivM RxevYy Qwoq _vK|
1| evZvmi gvag t AbK gvivZK ivMi RxevYy evZvmi gvag GKvb _K Abvb Qwoq
co| hgb- ziv ivMi RxevYy |
2| Rxe R I KxU cZi gvag t KzKzi, weovj, kMvj, eRx, Bu`yi, gkv, gvwQ, wewfb KxU cZ
BZvw` viv ivM RxevYy QovZ cvi|
3| wewfb aibi cvLxi gvag t KvK, wPj, kKzb BZvw` bvbv iKgi cvLxi gvag ivM RxevYy
QovZ cvi|
4| b`x, Rjvkq, ewi cvwb viv t cvYxi gZ`n ev mskhy èvw` b`x, Rjvkq ev gvwUZ dj
ivLj gZ`n _K wbtmZ c`v_ ev Abvb èvw`Z jM _vKv ivM RxevYy cvwbi mvZ wewfb
vb Qwoq co|
5| nvU evRvii cvwY cvLx ev cvwYRvZ èvwì gvagt AbK mgq ivMvv ev mskhy
cvwYcvwL weqi Rb nvU evRvi bIqv nq| G mKj cvwY cvLx cwienbi ivv Ges weq j
ivM RxevYy Qwoq co| nvU evRvii Abvb my cvwY cvLx ivMvvì msk Gm msvwgZ
nq Ges GBfve ivM wevi jvf Ki| ZvQvovI Avgvì `ki jvKRbi AZvi KviY nvU
evRvi I Abvb vb ivMvv cvwY cvLxi gvsk wew nq, Gmei gvagI ivM RxevYy Qovq|
6| cvwY cvLx enbKvix hvbevnbi gvag t evm, Ub,j , xgvi, bKv, cfwZ hvM cvwY cvLx
GK vb _K Ab vb enb Kivi mgq ivMvv ev ivMi evnK _K H me hvb evnb ivMi
RxevYy jM hvq ci Abvb gvjvgvj, cvwY cvLx ev gvbyli gvag Zv wewfb vb Qwoq co|
7| cvwYi Pvgov ev Abvb è viv t Avgvì `k ivM gZ cvwY cvLx mvaviYZt gvV NvU dj
Ìqv nq hv Kvb gB DwPZ bq| G me cvwYi Pvgov, nvo I Abvb èvw` gywP ev Ab jvKRb
wewfb vb wbq hvq, gZ cvwY h ivM gviv MvQ m ivMi RxevYy Pvgov, nvo I Abvb èvwì
gvag wewfb vb wevi jvf Ki|
8| cvwY cvLxi cwiPhvKvix viv t ivMvv cvwYi cwiPhvKvix Zvi `n, cvlvK cwiQ` I
AvbymswMK mivgvw` viv ivMi RxevYy Ab QovZ cvi|
9| cwi`kK viv t Lvgvi `LZ ev eovZ Avmv jvKRbi gvagI ivM RxevYy Qwoq coZ
cvi| hLvb _K Zviv GmQb mLvb msgK ivMi cv`yfve _vKj m mKj ivMi RxevYy
wewfbfve Zvì mv_ Avm|
25.2.1 msvgK ivMi cwZiva eev

msvgK ivMi cwZiva Kivi Rb wbgv eev MnY KiZ ne|
1| bZzb q Kiv ev Ab Kvb fve msMnxZ cvwYK GbB Lvgvii Abvb cvwYi m ivLv hve
bv| wZb mvn mgq mjvK c_Kfve iL cheY KiZ ne| GB mgqi ga hw` bZzb
cvwYi Kvb ivM jY cKvk bv cvq ZeB Lvgvii cyivbv cvwYi m ivLv hve|
2| ewnivMZ `kKì Lvgvi ceki mgq cv RyZvi Zjv RxevYybvkK c`v_ jvbv cvwbZ Wyweq
wbZ ne|
3| h mKj msvgK ivMi cwZlaK wUKv cvIqv hvq m mKj ivMi wUKv mwVK mgq wbqg gZ
w`Z ne| wbRi Lvgvi wUKv c`vbi mv_ mv_ cvkeZx Lvgvi ev cvwY mg~nKI GKB wUKv
c`vbi eev KiZ ne|
4| cvwYi Lv` UvUKv, wbfRvj nZ ne I ^v mZfve wbR LvgviB wgwkZ KiZ ne|
5| Kvb GjvKvZ msvgK ivM `Lv w`j m GjvKvi cvwY cvLx ev cvwY cvLx RvZ èvw` nvU
evRvi ev H GjvKvi evBi hvZ hZ bv cvi mRb eev MnY KiZ ne|
6| Lvgvi eb R cek I PjvPj e KiZ ne| ZvQvov gkv-gvwQ Bu`yi I Abvb KxU cZ asm
KiZ ne|
7| Lvgvii ivMvv cvwYi wPwKrmv KiZ ne, fvj nIqvi mvebv bv _vKj Zv RevB Ki cvwY
wPwKrmKi gZ gvsm LvIqv ^vi Rb wZKi nj cvwYi gi`n gvwUi bxP cyuZ ivLZ ne ev
cyuwoq djZ ne|
25.2.2 msvgK ivM `Lv w`j MnxZ eev mg~n

1| c_K KiY t Lvgvi ev Kvb evwoZ ivM `Lv Ìqvi mv_ mv_ ivMvv cvwY c_K KiZ
ne I wPwKrmvi eev MnY KiZ ne| cvwYi KvR Kg Kivi Rb hw` GKRb jvKB _vK Ze
c_g my cvwYi KvR Kg I Lv` c`vb Ki Amy ev Avv cvwYi mev KiZ ne| hw` Kvb cvwY
ivMvv ej m`n nq ZvK c_K Ki cheY ivLZ ne|
2| Avv cvwYi wPwKrmv A_ev wbg~j KiY t h mKj ivMi wPwKrmv AvQ Ges wPwKrmv Kij fvj
nq hvq m mKj wPwKrmvi eev wbZ ne, wK h ivMi wPwKrmv KijI cwic~Yfve fvj
nq bv Ges ivMi evnK wnmve cvwYwUi euP _vKvi mvebv _vK m me cvwYK RevB Ki gZ`n
cyuwoq A_ev gvwUi bxP cyuZ ivLZ ne|
3| ivMvv GjvKvi cvwY weq bv Kiv t ivM `Lv w`jB AbK jvKi ga ivMvv cvwY
cvLx evRvi weqi ceYZv `Lv hvq, Gi dj ivM `Z wevi jvf Ki| G ceYZv AekB iva
KiZ ne| ivMvv GjvKvi cvwY cvLx hb evRvi ev ivvq ei bv nZ cvi mw`K mevi `w
ivLZ ne|
4| ivMvv cvwY I Zvi cwiPhv t ivMvv cvwYi mev ev AvbymvswMK eevcbv wfb jvK viv
KivbvB fvj| ivMvv cvwYi Nii mg wKQz c_K _vKZ ne Ges Zv my cvwYi Ni KLbB
Avbv hve bv| ivMvv cvwYi Nii gqjv, AveRbv, Lo-KzUv meB cywoq djvB Dg bv nj
gvwUZ cuyZ ivLZ ne| cwZw`b Ni myweavRbK Kvb RxevYy bvkK hgb-mvfjb, AvBImvb,
wdbvBj ev WUj eenvi KiZ ne|
5| gZ `ni mrKvi t msvgK ivM Avv cvwY gviv Mj Zvi `n cPzi cwigvY mswk
ivMi RxevYy _vK| ivM giv cvwYi gZ`n cuywoq djvB Dg bv cvij AekB gvwUZ cyuZ
djZ ne| gZ cvwYi Nii mKj Avmevec mn mswk Abvb mKj wKQz GgbwK Nii Ìqvj,
eov, wmwjs, me wKQz RxevYybvkK wgwkZ cvwb w`q ayq w`Z ne Ges GB Ni m m Ab Kvb
my cvwY bv Zzj Kgc 2-3 mvn Acv KiZ ne| gZ cvwY Ni _K ei Kivi mgq Lqvj
ivLZ ne hb cvwYi `n _K Kvb c`v_ bv co| GB mKj c`v_ cPzi RxevYy _vK| msvgK
ivM Avv gZ cvwYi Pvgov Qvovbv hve bv| gZ `n gvwUZ cuvZvi ci Lqvj ivLZ ne hb
KzKzi, kqvj ev Ab Kvb eb R Zv Zyj bv dj| gvwU Pvcv Ìqvi AvM gZ `ni Dci Pzb,
mvWv A_ev wewPs cvDWvi wQwUq w`Z cvij fvj nq|
6| cPvi t msvgK ivM `Lv Ìqvi mv_ mv_ GjvKvi Rb mvaviYK m ivM mK mPZb
Kivi eev wbZ ne| G Rb Xvj, gvBK, cqvRb c-cwKvq, eZvi ev Uwjwfkb cPvii
eev wbZ ne|
25.3 Mevw` cvwYi msvgK ivMi KviY, jY I cwZKvi
fvBivmRwbZ ivM
ivMi bvg KviY jY cwZKvi

1| zivivM GK aibi AwZ m~ gyL, wRnvq I zivq dvv co| ci Amy cvwYK my cvwY
fvBivm viv nq| G ivM dvv dU Nv nq| gyL w`q jvjv Si| _K Avjv`v ivLv| my
gvivZK QuvqvP| Avv kixii Zvcgvv eo hvq| cvwY LZ, mKj cvwYì ziv
cvwY, Lv`, cvwb, evqy nuvUZ I KvR KiZ cvi bv| cvwY `yej ivMi wUKv `qv|
GgbwK Kvco-Pvco I nq hvq| Mvfxi `ya Kg hvq| G ivM cwZw`b Mvqvj Ni
gvbyli gvag Qovq evQyii gZzi nvi ewk| RxevYybvkK hgb WUj
ev wdbvBj viv
fvjvfve ayq Ìqv|
cvwYK big Lv`
mieivn Kiv I
Zvbi wPwKrmv Kiv|
2| RjvZ fv&Bivm RwbZ GKwU ivMi jY `yiKg h_v (1) cvMjvgx G ivM wPwKrmvq Kvb
gvivZK ivM| KzKzi, fve I (2) wbR fve| cvMjvgx fve dj nq bv| cvwYi
weovj I Abvb ebcvYx G cvwY Ab cvwYK AvgY KiZ Pvq| gyL Avv vb mv_ mv_
fvBivm enb Ki| Avv w`q jvjv Si I ci Av Av mvevb ev mvBwUK GwmW
cvYxi jvjvq G fvBivm cvNvZ `Lv hvq| wbR Aevq cvwY w`q ayq djZ nq|
_vK I Kvgoi gvag PzcPvc _vK| c_g wcQbi Ask Aek eIqvwik KzKziK gi
Mevw` cvwY Avv nq| nq hvq| Dfq AevZB cvwYi Pvqvji djZ nq I cvlv
AekZv `Lv `q| wRnv Szj co `w cvYxìK cwZlaK
k~bZv `Lv hvq I wKQyB wMjZ cvi bv| wUKv w`Z ne|

3| Mv- GwU fvBivm RxevYy viv kixii Zvcgvv eo hvq| gyL I Lv` Avv cvwYK Avjv`v
em NwUZ gvivK msvgK bvjxZ Nv nq cvqLvbv c_g k I ci Ni ivLv| my cvwYK
ivM| Avv cvYxi cvZjv nq| gyL `yM nq| kvmK nq| wbqwgZ wUKv `qv I
msk, Lv`, cvwb, bvK I PvL w`q mve Si| cvwYi LvIqv ^vmZ jvjb-cvjb
evZvm, kvm-ckvm, e nq hvq| Avv cvwY 24 NUv _K eev Kiv|
Mvqvjvi nvZ, gkv-gvwQi 7 w`bi ga gviv hvq|
gvag my Mevw` cvwY
Avv nq|
4| wivi GwU AZ QuvqvP fvBivm Ri nq, PvL, bvK gyL w`q cvwb Si I Avv cvwYK Avjv`v
c RwbZ ivM| Avv cvwYi bvKi c`v ivf nq| gyL w`q jvjv ivLv, my cvwYK wbqwgZ
msk, kvm-ckvm, Si| `yMhy Avg I i wgwkZ Wvqwiqv wUKv `qv I Mvqvj Ni
gjg~, Lv`è, cvwb, evqy nq| `ni Zvcgvv Kg hvq I cvwY 7 RxevYybvkK eenvi Kiv|
viv my Mevw` cvwY Avv w`bi ga gviv hvq|
nq|
25.4 evKUwiqvRwbZ ivM
1| ZoKv Bacillus anthracis AwZ Zxe cKwZi nj cvwY `Z wbtkvm G ivMi RxevYy mnR
bvgK evKUwiqv viv G bq I `n gvwUZ Xj co Ges wLPzwb gi bv ej gZ cvwYK
ivM nq| G ivMi RxevYy w`q KqK wgwbUi ga gviv hvq| Zxe gvwUi wbP cyuZ djZ
gvwU _K mivmwi Nvm ev cKwZi nj cvwYi Ri Avm, Zvcgvv nq ev cyo djZ nq|
Ab Lvì mv_ gyL w`q eo hvq| zavg`v wbR I cU duvcv i RgvU euva bv ej
kixi cek Ki| Avv `Lv hvq| `Z wbtkvm bq I KuvcZ `n I iv gvwUZ
cvYx nVvr gviv hvq I gZzi _vK| i wgwkZ cvZjv cvqLvbv nq| RxevYybvkK eenvi
nvi ewk bvK, gyL I gj vi w`q i iY nq| KiZ ne| Avv
i RgvU euva bv| cvwYK Avjv`v ivLZ
ne I my cvwYK wUKv
w`Z ne|
2| ev`jv Clostridium chauvoei AwZ Zxe cKwZi nj cvwY nVvr gviv Avv cvwYK Avjv`v
bvgK evKUwiqv viv G hvq| Zxe cKwZi nj zavg`v Ri, ivLZ ne| gZ `n
ivM nq| elvKvj I 2 cU Mvm, bvKi kv `Lv hvq| gvwUi wbP cyuZ ivLv ev
gvm _K 2 eQi eqmi cvwYi cvqi gvsmckx Avvi dj cywoq djZ ne|
cvwYZ ewk nq| Lv` I cvwY nuvUZ cvi bv I Lyuwoq nuvU Ges muZmvuZ GjvKv
cvwbi gvag G ivM gvsm ckxZ Pvc w`j cP& cP& k nq| PviYf~wg ev evmvbi
mswgZ nq| G ivMi Rb eenvi Kiv hve
RxevYy vi mw Ki bv| elvi 2 gvm c~e 6
gvwUZ 3-4 eQi ch gvm _K 2 eQii mKj
euP _vK| cvwYK wUKv w`Z ne|
3| Mjv dzjv Pasteurella multocida AwZ Zxe cKwZi nj, nVvr Ki cvwYi Amy cvwYK Avjv`v
bvgK evKUwiqv viv G Ri Avm, Zvcgvv eo hvq, zavg`v ivLv I mvjdvwbjvgvBW
ivM nq| mKj eqmi nq, bvK, gyL w`q jvjv Si I 24 NUvi RvZxq BbRKkb eenvi
cvwYB Avv nq| elvi ga cvwY gviv hvq| Zxe cKwZi nj Kiv| gZ`n mrKvi
ci muZmuvZ RwgZ Dcii jY QvovI c_g Mjvi wbP, Kiv| me my cvwYK my
Pivj G ivM ewk nq ci Pvqvj, eyK cU I Kvbi Ask dzj Aevq wbqwgZ cwZlaK
Amy cvwYi msk, jvjv, hvq| kvm wbZ K nq Mjv evwoq gyL wUKv `qv|
gjg~, `~wlZ Lv` I cvwb w`q kvm bq|
viv G ivM Qovq|
4| Streptococcus genus AwZ Zxe ivMi `yai cwieZb Amy cvwYK my cvwY
gvmUvBwUm eKUwiqv, dvsMvm I jYxq, `ya cvZjv I wKQy RgvU euvav _K Avjv`v Kiv|
ev Ijvb gvBKvcvRgv viv nq| ne| Ijvb jvj nq dzj hvq I Mig Mvqvj Ni cwivi-
c`vn A^vKi muZmuvZ nq| cvwY e_v Abyfe Ki I Zvcgvv cwiQb ivLv| G ivM
evmvb gqjv nvZ `vnb, eo hvq| zavg`v, Aemv`fve, Ri cwZiva Kiv Lye KwVb,
euvU ev Ijvb AvNvZ, BZvw` nq| `xNvqx cKwZi nj `yai KviY Ijvb Kvb
Ijvb `ya RgvU eua _vKv cwigvY Kg hvq I gvY^q `ya Qvbvi GwUewW Zwi nj Zv
BZvw` KviY ivMRxevYy gZ QvKv QvKv nq| `yai gvag ei nq
mswgZ nq ivM mw hvq|
Ki A_vr mswgZ Ijvb
I `~wlZ cwiek G ivM
mw Ki|
25.5 Mevw` cvwYi ciRxex NwUZ, Acyw RwbZ I welwqv RwbZ I Abvb ivMmg~ni KviY jY
I cwZKvi
1| ciRxex viv m ivMmg~n

(K) `nvfii ciRxex viv m ivMmg~n
(1) MvjKwg viv mw ivM| Wvqwiqv, zavg`v| fM^v BZvw` Mvqvj Ni, Avkcvki
cvKvwK Kwgi wWg, Yhy Kwgi cKvk cvIqv | evo cvwYi ew Kg RvqMv I PviYf~wg
MvjKwg wWg, Kwgi jvfvq, `~wlZ hvq| eq cvwYi Drcv`b Kg hvq I cwivi ivLv| Mvqvj
ivM cvwb I Lv` MnYi gvag i k~bZv `Lv hvq| Ni wbqwgZ Pzb eenvi
eo cvwYZ Ges jvfvhy Kiv I Rjve RwgZ
kvj `yai gvag evQyi cvwYK Pivbv hve bv|
Avv nq|
(2) Stephanofilaria Pg c`vn nq, Pvgovi YMZ gvb I g~j Zvb gvwQ bv emZ
nvmvi assamensis cRvwZi Kwg Kg hvq| Mvfxi `ya Drcv`b Kg hvq| cviv, Zvb cwjw_b ev
viv G ivM nq| nv G Kvco viv XK `qv,
ivM ewk nq| gvwQi gvwQ Zvovbv Jla ev
gvag Qovq| Zviwcb Zj eenvi
Kiv| bfvb gjg
eenvi Ki Kwg asm
Kiv|
(L) cvZvKwg viv mw ivMmg~n

(1) cvZvKwg t dvwmIwjqv cvwY wKq hvIqv, Wvqwiqv, i ^Zv I Kwgi gvawgK cvlK
dvwmIwjqv cRvwZi mve-gvweyjvi GwWgv `Lv hvq| asm Kiv I Kwg bvkK
wmm LvIqvbv Ges cvwYK
msvgY _K gy ivLv|
(2)cvivgwd cvivgwdvgvm cRvwZi zavg`v, `yejZv, Wvqwiqv, e`nRg nq| H
vwgqvwmm cvZv Kwg viv nq|
(3)wmvmv wmvmvgv cRvwZi cvZv Wvqwiqv, gj i I wgDKvm _vK| H
wgqvwmm/ Kwg viv m nq| zavg`v, ivZv I wbRfve `Lv
mvwis wWwRR hvq| cvwY bvK WvK I No No k nq|
(M) wdZvKwg m ivMmg~n
Uwbqvwmm Uwbqv cRvwZi wdZvKwg rwc wm, rwc c`vn I rwci KwgbvkK cwZkvaK
viv m AKZKvhZv NU| eenvi
(N) cvUvRvqv m ivM

evewmIwmm evewmqvMY fy AvuUzwj Avv cvwYi Ri, ivZv I Avv cvwYi myy
viv m| ngvMvwebBDwiqv `Lv hvq wPwKrmv I evnK (AvUzwj)
wbqY|
(O) ewnt`ni ciRxex viv m ivMmg~n

(1)DKzb ivM DKzb viv m nq A AvgY Zgb jY evSv hvq bv cvwYi `n evk Kiv,
ev Ze gvSvwi cKwZZ `xNgqv`x Pg c`vn Mvmj Kivbv, DKzb nvZ
cwWKzjvwmm nq| PzjKvwb, zavg`v, `yejZv, IRb w`q gi djv I
nvm I evQyii jvg co hvq| Mvqvj Ni auvqv `qv|
(2) AvuUzwji AvuUzwj Avwbwgqv, A^w eva, Lv` MnY nvm, cvwYi `n evk I Mvmj
AvgY `wnK IRb I `ya Drcv`b Kg hvq| Kivbv, AvuUzwj ai gi
PzjKvwb, i RgvU euvav `vM `Lv hvq, djv I Mvqvj Ni
AvuUzwj wewfb ivMi evnK nq| auvqv Ìqv|
(3) g gvBUi AvgY viv m Pg c`vn, PzjKvwb, jvg cov, Lv` MnY H
Kg hvIqv, `yej,^vnvbx, Pvgov b nq
I cyuR mw nq|
2| Acyw I wecvKxq ivMmg~n

(K) `y Ri i Kvjwmqvgi cwigvY zavg`v, DwRZ fve, gv_v I cv Kuvcv, Kvjwmqvg KvivBW
Kg hvIqv| `vuwoq _vKv, nuvUZ Mj UjZ _vKv, LvIqvbv, `vbv`vi
wcQbi cvqi `yejZvi KviY q cov| Lvì mv_ wfUvwgb wW
cv jv QovZ _vK hv _j_j I `yej I Kvjwmqvg LvIqvbv|
`Lvq|
(L)wKUvwmm MfeZx Mvfxi kKiv Lvì zavg`v, `ya Drcv`b Kg, `vbv`vi Lv` MyKvR ev WUvR
wUc~Y wecvKi KviY m LvIqv e Ki wK Lo LZ _vK| BbRKkb w`q cwZiva
wecvKxq ivM| i Lv` MnY Awbnv, ^v f co, Kiv hvq|
MyKvRi Afve, Lv` Mvfxi kvm-ckvm, cmve I Mvqvj Ni
kKiv RvZxq Lvì Afve AvjKvnwjK M _vK| mewKQy AnZzK
G ivM nq| PvUZ _vK, Ujgj Ki| ùvovZ cvi
bv, `n Kuvcywb I wLPzwb _vK|
3| welwqv
bvBUU I kvgv, njv, eviv jvjviY, Wvqwiqv I kvmK `Lv hvq, 1% Gi AwaK bvBUU
bvBUvBU BZvw` bvBUU hy Nvm ckxi Kb, `yejZv, Ujgj Aev I hy Nvm cvwYK bv
welwqv Lq| f~v MBPv, g~jv, ci gvwUZ q co I wLPzwb nq| LvIqvbv I KuvPv Nvmi
mwilvZ 3% Ges mv_ Lo wgwkq
bwcqvi 9.8% bvBUU LvIqvbv|
_vK weavq Gme Nvm
LvIqvbv AZ SzuwKc~Y|
25.6 Mevw` cvwYi wewfb ivMi wUKv c`vbi wkwWDj, wUKv msiY I eenviwewa
wUKv msiY
mwVK cwZZ wUKv msiY bv Kij wUKvi YvY b nq hvq| wUKvi evZji Mvq ev Ab
KvMR msiY wb`kbv jLv _vK| h wUKv wngy Aevq fvqj _vK mjv k~b wWwMi wbPi
Zvcgvvq iwdRviUi ev wWcwdR ivLZ ne| gqv` DxY wUKv eenvi Kiv DwPZ bq| wUKv
Kv PBb wmgi gvag jveiUix/MelYvMvi _K Mvg chvq cuQ| GwU wbic NU|
cv_wgK i gvawgK i
o0 c o0 c
MelYvMvi Rjv/DcRjv BDwbqb ev Mvg
(-200 nZ 150m) 0
00 c/ 8 c (8 -150 mwUMW)
0
cwienb wU nj wUKv exRi YvY b nq hvq| Kv PBb Gi Dcv`vb hgb gvbyl, hcvwZ I
KjvKkj| Kv PBb msiYi Rb eeZ hcvwZ hgb Kv ig, wdRvi ig, iwdRviUi
ig, wWc wdRvi, AvBm cvK wdRvi, Kv e, fvKwmb Kvwiqvi, AvBm cvK, iwdRviU I
UvcvU BZvw`| wUKv kxZj Ki Rjv mì mieivn Ki kxZj K ev QvU QvU dv eid
w`q eenvii Rb wbq hvIqv nq| wUKv cqvMi mgqmxgv ch wUKvi kxZjZv eRvq ivLZ nq|
bZzev wUKvi YvY b nq hvq|
`kxq Drcvw`Z fvKwmb we`k _K Avg`vbxKZ fvKwmb
fvKwmb cZKvix cwZvb cZ KviK `k

cwienb
cwienb
wRqv AvRvwZK wegvb eì
K`xq fvKwmb msiY
cwienb
cwienb K`xq Kv viR (XvKv)
wefvMxq chvq cwienb
wefvMxq wWcv-weq K` XvKv, PMvg, eov, ewikvj
cwienb
cwienb
Rjv chvq AvwjK wWcvt dwi`cyi, wmjU, Kzwgjv
cwienb cwienb
_vbv chvq eo eo Jlai `vKvb dzjevoxqv, PMvg, mvfvi, Rqècyi Pivv
cwienb
Lvgvi QvU QvU Jlai `vKvbt Mvqvj`, kxcyi BZvw`
wP t Kv PBbi avc
wUKvi mwVK eenvii Rb weeP welq

1| h_vh_ Zvcgvv wbqY Kiv |
2| fvKwmbi wkwk ev fvqvj KLbvB mivmwi m~hvjvKi msk Avme bv|
3| mKvj A_ev mvq hLb m~hi Avjvi ZxeZv Kg _vK ZLbB wUKv c`vb Kgm~wP i KiZ
ne|
4| m~hi Avjvi msk Gwoq cZKviK Kvvwb ev cwZvbi wb`k gZv wUKv Zwi KiZ
ne|
5| wUKv Mvjvbvi ci AwZ`Z Qvqvhy vb em wUKv mwVK cwZZ I mwVK gvvq ^vmZ
cwiek cqvM Kiv DwPZ|
6| Amy Mevw` cvwY I nuvm-gyiwMK KLbvB wUKv c`vb Kiv DwPZ bq|
7| kxZKvj fvKwmb Zwii 2 NUvi I Mig Kvj 1 NUvi wfZi cqvM KiZ nq| wUKv c`vbi
wej^ nj Mvjvbv wUKvi cvi cvk wKQyY ci ci Vvv cvwb A_ev eidi UzKiv ivLZ ne|
mviYx 25.1 Mevw` cvwYi wewfb ivMi wUKv c`vbi wkwWDj

KZw`b ci Kvb msiY
wUKvi bvg gvv cqvM
ci eqm Zvcgvv
1 2 3 4 5 6
ZoKv Mi/gwnl/ Nvov 1 wmwm 1 eQi 4 gvm ZKi wbP 40 m.
ev`jv evQyi 5 wmwm, fov/QvMj 2 wmwm 6 gvm 4 gvm ZKi wbP 4-80 m.
yivivM 4 gvm 4 gvm ZKi wbP 4-80 m.
K)gbvfvjU 32 gvv fvqj
L) evB fvjU 16 gvv fvqj
Mjvdzjv Mi I gwnl 2 wmwm 1 eQi 6 gvm ZKi wbP 2-40 m.
wivic Mi I gwnl 1 wmwm KqK eQi cwZ ZKi wbP 4-80 m.
eQi
RjvZ KzKzi 3 wmwm; Mi, gwnl, evbi-6 wmwm; 1 eQi gvsm -200 m.
weovj-1.5 wmwm
AvwU ivwem K) KzKzi/weovj (30 cvt IRb)-5 wmwm/w`b-7 1 eQi (1 gvsm -200 m.
w`b gvm ci
L) KzKzi/evQyi/fov/QvMj-10 wmwm/w`b-7 w`b eyvi
M) Nvov/Mvfx/gwnl-30 wmwm/w`b 14 w`b WvR)
N) eKbv/Mvav-20 wmwm/w`b-14 w`b
O) nvwZ/DU-60 wmwm/w`b-14 w`b
Drmt
*cvwY cvjb - Kwl mcmviY Awaì
*cvwY m` MelYv cwZvb, gnvLvjx, XvKv - 1212
gwWDj-26 t
Mevw` cvwYi gjg~ I eR nZ evqvMvm cvU
evqvMvm wK?
Mvei I Abvb cPbkxj c`v_ evZvmi AbycwwZZ cuPvbvi dj h is wenxb Rvjvwb Mvm Zwi
nq ZvK evqvMvm ejv nq| GZ kZKiv 60-70 fvM wg_b _vK hv Rvjvwb Mvm wnme eenvi
Kiv hvq| evKxUv g~jZt Kveb-WvB-AvBW| Mvm Drcv`bi ci hv Aewk _vK (evqvMvm
iwmwWD) Zv DbZgvbi Re mvi|
evqvMvm Kb?
mvaviYZ Mvei, AveRbv I Abvb cuPbkxj c`v_K wKq Rvjvwb ic eenvi Kiv nq| GZ
Kvco-Pvco, nuvwo-cvwZj I Abvb Avmevec gqjv nq Ges ivbv-evbvq cPzi mgq b nq|
Dciv c`v_jv _K h g~jevb mvi Kwl KvR eenvi Kivi Rb cvIqv hZ, Zv cvovbvi
dj b nq hvq| G mg c`v_KB evqvMvm cvU cuwPq Mvm cvIqv hvq Ges GUvK mnRB
Rvjvwb ic eenvi Kiv hvq| evqvMvm Rvjvwb wnme eenvii dj nuvwo-cvwZj, Kvco-Pvco I
Avmevec gqjv nq bv Ges ivbv-evbvi mgq I kg Kg jvM| ivZ evwZ Rvjvevi Rb
Kivwmbi ìKvi nq bv, gvUj Rvwjq nvRvK jvBUi gZ Avjv cvIqv hvq| Dci Mvm
Drcv`bi ci cvU _K ewiq Avmv c`v_K fvj mvi wnmeI eenvi Kiv hvq|
wiWvg gWji myweav

cw_exi wewfb `k mvaviYZ `yB gWji cvU Pvjy AvQ| h_vt fvmgvb Wvg gWj| fvmgvb Wvg
gWj Gg Gm mxUi Zwi Mvm nvvi ìKvi nq weavq LiP ewk Ges qRwbZ KviY vqxZKvj
Kg| wK wiWvg gWj Kvb gUvji ìKvi co bv| ay BU, evwj Ges wmgU w`q GB cvU
wbgvY Kiv hvq| dj, LiP nq Kg, Z`ycwi `xNvqx| GKevi wjKgy fve Zwi Kiv MjB Zv
wbweN Kgc 30 eQi Pvjy _vK| evqvMvm cvBjvU cvU cK Rvjvwb Melbv I Dbqb
Bb&wwUDU evsjv`k wevb I wk MelYv cwil` cixv-wbixvi ci 1991 mb `kvchvMx wi
Wvg gWj cvU vcb Ki|
evqvMvm cvUi vb wbevPb

evqvMvm cvU mvaviYZ `yNUbvgy Ges GB cvU `yM ev gk-gvwQi Dcèi mvebv bv _vKvq GUv
ivbv Nii KvQB evbvbv hZ cvi| Aek j ivLZ ne hb Gi Lye wbKU eo MvQ bv _vK,
KviY MvQi wkKo cvUi `qvj dvUj mw KiZ cvi| eo MZ, b`x ev Lvj BZvwì mwbKUi
cvU vcb mZ ne bv|
evqvMvm cvU Zwii Rb c_gB hv AvekK

evqvMvm cvU evbvZ BQyK ew, cwievi, cwZvbi Mi/gwnl/nuvm-gyiMx BZvw` _vKZ ne| 7/8
Rb jvKi `wbK ivbvevbv I evwZ Rvjvbvi Rb 5/6wU eo Mii Mvei cqvRb| gvbyli gj g~
I Mvm Drcv`bi Rb evqvMvm cvU eenvi Kiv hZ cvi|
7/8 Rb m`m wewk cwievii Rb 105 (3NbwgUvi) NbdzU Mvm Drcv`bvg

wiWvg evqvMvm cvU wbgvY cwZ|
WvBRvi Zwi cwZ
260 mwg evm Ges 221 mwg Mfxi GKwU MvjvKvi Kzqv Lbb KiZ ne| Kzqvi Zj`k Pvwoi
Zjvi AvKwZZ Lbb KiZ ne hvZ Pvwoi Zjvi ga we`y _K AvPi DPZv 30 mwg (1 dzU) nq
(wP bs 26.1)| Gici Zj`k fvj Ki `yigyR Ki wbZ ne| Zj`k 7.5 mwg cyi BU wewQq
w`Z ne| GB
wP 26.1
mvwjs Gi Dci 1t 3t 6 (wmgU t evjy t Lvqv) AbycvZ 7.5 mwg cyi XvjvB w`Z ne| XvjvB
Gi Dci 221 mwg evm (wfZi) iL MvjvKwZ 12.5 mwg BUi `qvji Mvu_ywb i KiZ ne|
`qvji DPZv hLb 15 mwg ne ZLb Kzqvi GKw`K AvDUjU Wvi Gi Rb 91 mwg91 mwg
Ges Abw`K (AvDUjU Wvi 900 Kvb) BbjU cvBc emvbvi Rb 20 mwg25 mwg Muv_ywb
Lvjv ivLZ ne (wP bs26.2)| 15 mwg evm wewk, GKwU Aviwmwm/wcwfwm cvBc (BbjU cvBc)
`qvji m
wP 26.2
0
AvbygvwbK 30 KvY iL ewmq wbZ ne| `qvji KvR gvU 106 mwg nj AvDUjU Wvg Gi
KvR kl ne| `qvji KvR cybivq i Ki AvDUjU Wvi Gi DcwifvM _K 30 mwg ch
Mu_ wbZ ne| GLb `qvji DcwifvM 1t 2t 4 AbycvZ 7.5 mwg cyi XvjvB w`Z ne| GB
XvjvB Gi Dci 7.5 mwg cyi BUi Muv_wb w`q 45 mwg AvP DPZv (wfZi) wewk M^yR AvKwZi
Wvg Zwi KiZ ne (wP bs 26.3)|
wP 26.3
Wvgi Dcii Ask Mvm wbMgbi Rb GKwU 1.27 mwg evm wewk 25 mwg j^v wRAvB cvBc
Lvovfve vcb KiZ ne| wRAvB cvBci Dcwi Ask GKwU Mvm fvj mshy KiZ ne| GLb
`qvji wfZii Ask wbP _K AvDUjU Wvi Gi DcwifvM ch 1t 4 AbycvZ 1.27 mwg cyi
cvvi KiZ ne| AvDUjU Wvi Gi DcwifvM _K Wvgi wfZii m~Y Ask (Mvm P^vi)
1t3, 1t2, 1t1 AbycvZ wZbevi cvvi KiZ ne| cwZevi cvvwis Gi c~e wmgU c Ki evm
Ki wbZ ne| 5/6 w`b wKDwis Kivi ci wfZii Wvg mn AvDUjU Wvi ch `qvji Kbv
Aevq 1 wgwg cyi gvg/wmwjKU cjc w`Z ne| Wvgi Dcii m~Y Ask Ges AvDUjU
Wvii Dci _K Mvm P^vii evBii Ask 5 mwg wmwm XvjvB Gi ci wbU wdwbwks Ki wbZ
ne|
nvBWwjK P^vi
12.5 mwg BUi Mvu_ywb w`q 76 mwg `N91 mwg c 129 mwg DPZv gvci GKwU AvDUjU
cvmR Ges AvDUjU cvmRi Dci 213 mwg `N152 mwg c 45 mwg DPZv gvci
AvqZKvi GKwU nvBWwjK P^vi Zwi KiZ ne (wP bs26.4 I 26.5)| 45 mwg `qvji KvR
kl nj
U vix wbMgbi Rb GKw`K GKUv Ifvidv cvBc emvZ ne A_ev Lvjv c_/ìRv ivLZ
ne
wP 26.4
(wP bs26. 5)| nvBWwjK P^vii wfZii w`K 1t4 AbycvZ cvvi Ki wbZ ne| U vix
wbMgbi c_i Dci Aviv 7.5 mwg Mu_ wbZ ne| nvBWwjK P^vii Dcii Ask XK ivLvi
Rb ^ve/wUbi XvKwb eenvi KiZ ne|
Q`K K I L
wP 26. 5
BbjU UvsK
BbjU cvBci gyL 60 mwg60 mwg60 mwg gvc GKwU 12.5 mwg cyi BUi UvsK Zwi
KiZ ne| GB UvsK Gi evBii Ges wfZii Ask fvjvfve cvvi KiZ ne|
WvBRvi, nvBWwjK P^vi Ges BbjU UvsK Zwii ci cvUi Pvicvk evwj I gvwU w`q Ggbfve
fivU KiZ ne hb Wvgi DcwifvM ch gvwUi wbP _vK|
cvU Pvjy Kivi wbqgvejx

cvU Pvjy Kivi mgq 1.5-2 Ub KuvPvgvj h_v Mvei, nuvm-gyiMxi gj, gvbyli gj RvZxq cPubkxj
c`v_i cqvRb| cvU Zwii i _K Gjv Rgv Ki ivLj cvU Pvjyi mgq Gjv eenvi Kiv
hve| Aek KD hw` 2/1 w`bB D cwigvY KuvPvgvj hvMvo KiZ cvib, Ze AvM _K Rgv
Ki ivLvi cqvRb bB| RgvKZ KuvPvgvj Ges cwivi cvwb Mveii 1t1, nuvm-gyiMxi gji
1t2 AbycvZ wgwkq BbjU cvBc w`q Av Av WvBRvi XvjZ ne| KuvPvgvj I
cvwbi wgkY (vix) GB cwigvY cvUi gaXvjZ ne hvZ Ki vixi jfj nvBWvwjK P^vii
Zj`k ch cQvq |
PvwRs Gi mgq Lqvj ivLZ ne gvwUi XvKv, cv_i, evwj, eo mvBRi LoKzUv BZvw` hb Kzqvi
wfZi cek bv Ki|
cvU Ges Mvm fvji wQ` cixv

Mvm fvji wQ` cixvi Rb cwjw_b cvBci GKgv_v Mvm fvj Ges Ab gv_v cvwbi ga mvgvb
Wyweq w`Z ne, hw` fvj e Aevq cvwbZ eyèy` Zwi nq, Ze eySZ ne fvji wfZi wQ`
AvQ| fvji Mvovq mvevbi dbv jvwMq hw` e` e` `Lv hvq Ze ai wbZ ne fvji Mvovq
Mvm wjK KiQ| GgZvevq wMR I _W Uc/cvU RvZxq wKQy w`q wQ` gy KiZ ne|
Mvm mieivn wbqg

1.27-2.54 mwg evmi wcwfwm/wRAvB cvBc cvU _K Pzjv/nvRvK jvBU/RbviUi ch mshvM
KiZ ne| hnZz evqvMvm cvwb wgwkZ _vK, mnZz mieivn jvBb gvSLvb DuPz Ki wbZ
ne| dj cvBci gvSLvb Kv_vI cvwb Rg _vKvi mvebv _vKe bv| cvBci GKgv_v GKwU
cvwK cvBci mvnvh cvUi mieivn jvBb Ges Ab gv_vwU Pzjv/nvRvK jvBU/RbviUi BZvwì
mv_ wU Gi mvnvh hy Ki wbZ ne|
evqvMvm cvUi iYveY

evqvMvm cvU iYveYi Zgb Kvb Svgjv bB| Z_vwc wbwjwLZ KqKwU mywbw` wbqg cvjb
Kij myzfve Mvm Drcv`b mnvqK net
(1) PvwRs Gi mgq j ivLZ ne hb Kvb BU, cv_i ev KvVi UzKiv BZvw` cvU XyKZ bv
cvi| Zv nj BbjU cvBc ZvovZvwo e nq hvIqvi mvebv _vKe|
(2) Kvb mgq BbjU cvBc e nq Mj GKwU mvRv I mi euvk w`q mveavb cvBci wfZi
bo w`Z ne| Ze AekB j ivLZ ne hb GZ Kzqvi Zjvq ev cvBci Mvq Rvi
AvNvZ bv jvM|
(3) Mvm cvBc jvBb cvwb RgQ wKbv `L wbZ ne| cvwb Rgj h gv_vq cvwb RgQ m
gv_v Lyj cvwb ei Ki w`Z ne| cqvRbeva cvwbi Uvc eenvi KiZ ne|
(4) cvU cwZw`b PvR KiZ ne bZzev Mvm Drcv`b Kg hve| ek wKQy w`b PvR bv Kiv nj
BbjU cvBc e nq hZ cvi|
evqvMvmi eenvi
wZZvm Mvmi gZB GB Mvm w`q ivbv Kiv hvq|
gvUj Rj nvRvK jvBUi gZ Avjv cvIqv hvq|
RbviUii mvnvh we`yr Drcb Ki dvb, iwWI, Uwjwfkb, wfwmwc BZvw` Pvjvbv hvq
Ges e`ywZK evj Rvjvbv hvq|
cvi mvnvh RwgZ cvwb mP Kiv hvq|
GB Mvm w`q Mvox Pvjvbv hvq|
GB Mvm eenvi Ki djg~j, Lv`km msiY Kiv hvq|
GB Mvm viv BbwKDiUi Pvjvbv hvq|
evqvMvm iwmwWD Gi eenvi
DbZgvbi Re mvi
gvkig Pvl
gvQi Pvl
gyv Pvl
KuPv Pvl (nuvm, gyiMx I gvQi Lv`)
exR AsKziv`Mg|
^vMZ myweavw`
evqvMvm chywi Avi GKwU wekl w`K nj ^vMZ myweav| AveRbvB nvK A_ev gvbyl ev cvwY-
cvLxi gj-g~B nvK, hZ Qwoq _vKj `yM Qovq, gkv-gvwQ AvK Ki, ivM-RxevYy wevi
mnvqZv Ki| evqvMvm cvU G me è cuPbi dj `yM Qovq bv, gkv-gvwQ AvK nq bv Ges
ivM-RxevYy ejvsk asm nq hvq|
Drcv`b ewZ evqvMvm iwmwWD

evqvMvm chywi AviI GKwU mydj nj Re mvi wnme Gi eenvi| Mvm wbMZ nIqvi ci hv
Aewk _vK (evqvMvm iwmwWD) Zv GKwU DbZgvbi Re mvi| GB mvi Re c`v_, bvBUvRb,
dmdivm, cUvwkqvg I gvBvwbDwUqU msiwZ nq, dj mvii gvb DbZ nq Ges Drcv`b ewZ
mnvqZv Ki|
mviYx 26.1 Kv mvii Zzjbvq evqvMvm cvU _K cv mvii DrKZv

mvi avb Mg fyv Zzjv
mvaviY Re mvi 100 100 100 100
evqvMvm iwmwWD 110 112.5 128 124.7
mviYx 26.2 ivmqwbK mvii Zzjbvq evqvMvm cvU _K cv mvii DrKZv

dmji bvg ivmvqwbK mvi dmj evqvMvm iwmwWDZ kZKiv ewi nvi
Drcv`b (Ub/ni) dmj Drcv`b (Ub/ni)
avb 8.28 9.02 8.93
fyv 7.0 9.5 35.7
Zzjv 3.13 3.97 26.8
kvKmewR Kg ewk
Drmt
*wi Wvg evqvMvm cvU - evqvMvm cvBjvU cvU cK, Rvjvwb MelYv I Dbqb BwUwUDU
QvMj I fov cvjbt
gwWDj - 27 t
QvMj cvjbi cv_wgK welqvejx
27.1 t `y, gvsm I ckg Drcv`b QvMj cvjbi iZ
Dk t cwkYv_xì `y, gvsm I ckg Drcv`b QvMj cvjbi iZ mK aviYv c`vb |

ARb t GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb `y, gvsm I ckg Drcv`b QvMj cvjbi iZmK
mgK vb jvf Kieb|
`ya, gvsm I ckg Drcv`b cvMwZnvwmK Kvj _K QvMj iZcY~ f~wgKv cvjb Ki AvmQ |
QvMji `ya GKwU my^v`y I mnRcvP cvbxq | ^v ivi Rb cqvRbxq kw, Avwgl, Pwe, LwbR
c`v_, wfUvwgb cfwZ cywKi Dcv`vb QvMji `yai ga cPzi cwigvb cvIqv hvq | Mvfxi `yai
Pwe KYvi Zzjbvq AvKvi QvU nIqvq QvMji `yai cwicvPZv ekx | evo wk, e I ivMxi
Rb QvMji `ya DrK gvbi Lv` | Kvjwmqvg I dmdivm wk I cm~wZi Rb AZ cqvRbxq
LwbR hv Mvfxi `yai Zzjbvq QvMji `ya ekx _vK | mvgvb vixq nIqvq MvwK Avjmvi ev
GwmwWwUZ Avv ivMxi Rb mnRcvP cvbxq wnmve QvMji `ya cvb Kiv nq | nvucvbx ivMi
Jla wnmve Kv_vI Kv_vI QvMji `ya weewPZ |
QvMji gvsm AZ my^v`y I Dcv`q cvYxR Avwgl | evsjv`k, fviZ, cvwKvb, bcvjmn weki
AbK `k QvMji gvsmi evcK Pvwn`v iqQ | evsjv`ki evK ej RvZi QvMji gvsm
cw_exi Abvb h Kvb RvZi QvMji gvsmi Pq my^v`y ej `vex Kiv nq _vK | ag wekvmi
KviY cvYxR Avwgli Drm wnmve cw_exi AbK `k Mii gvsmi Zzjbvq QvMji gvsmi evcK
Pvwn`v j Kiv hvq | G Qvov wewfb mvgvwRK Abyvb hgb weq, Rbw`b, C`, AvKxKv cfwZ
Abyvb QvMj RevB Ki fywofvRi AvqvRb Kiv nq _vK |
`ya I gvsm Drcv`b QvovI ckg, Pvgov I Re mvi Drcv`b QvMj iZcY~ f~wgKv cvjb Ki |
evK ej RvZi QvMji Pvgov nZ DbZgvbi PvgovRvZ cY Zix nq | evsjv`ki evK ej
RvZi QvMji Pvgovi Kì wekRvov | kxZ cavb `ki QvMji j^v jvg ckwgbv, kvj,
mvqUvi, nvU, KvcU, myU BZvw` ZixZ eeZ nq _vK | GvsMviv RvZi QvMji jvg nZ
Zix nq mv`v I mvbvjx gvnqvi (Mohair)|
QvMji `ya, gvsm, Pvgov, ckg I gjg~i egyLx eenvi GK GKwU iZcY~ cvwYm` cwiYZ
KiQ | QvMj cvjb ^ cyuwR, ^ RvqMv Ges Kg Lv` LiPi cqvRb nq | AvZKgmsvb,
eKvi mgmv nvm, `vwi` wegvPb, cyw mieivn mevcwi e`wkK gy`v ARb QvMj nZ cvi GKwU
AbZg nvwZqvi |
27.2 t evsjv`k QvMj cvjbi myweav I mgmvmg~n

Dk t cwkYv_xì evsjv`k QvMj cvjbi myweav I mgmmg~n mK aviYv c`vb|
ARb t GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb evsjv`k QvMj cvjbi myweav I mgmvmg~n mK aviYv
cveb |
evsjv`k QvMj cvjbi myweavmg~nt
evsjv`ki Mvgvj ^ eq QvMj cvjbi Rb LyeB Dchy | Mvgi emZevwoZ 2-4 wU

QvMj cvjb Kiv jvfRbK | evsjv`ki gvU f~wgi cvq 76% GjvKv QvMj cvjbi
DchvMx |
QvMj AcPwjZ Lv` hgbt KvuVvj cvZv, evuk cvZv, Kjv cvZv, wnRj cvZv GgbwK
emZevwoi Avkcvki jZvcvZv I mvgvb Nvm Lq RxebaviY I eskew KiZ mg |
dj QvMji Lvevi RvMvo Kiv Zgb Kmva bq |
hme Lvgvixi Mvfx cvjb Kivi mvg_ bB Zviv Abvqvm 2-4 wU QvMj cvjb KiZ cvi |
^ Avqi gvbyl hgb f~wgnxb, z` I gvSvix Pvlx, Mvgi `y gwnjv ev QvU QvU evjK
evwjKvivI evwoi Avkcvk, Zi avi, ivvi cvk QvMj Pwoq cvjb KiZ cvi |
QvMji ivM evjvB Abvb Mevw`cvwYi Zzjbvq Kg nIqvq QvMj cvjb jvfRbK |
evsjv`ki evK ej RvZi QvMj eQi 2 evi evPv `q Ges cwZevI 2-4 wU Ki evPv
`q ej G RvZi QvMj cvjb jvfRbK |
`k I `ki evBi QvMji gvsm, `ya I Pvgovi evcK Pvwn`v iqQ | ZvB Gjv
evRviRvZKiY mnRmva |
QvMj Lvgvi LvZ wewbqvMKZ A_i SzuwK Abvb Mevw` cvwYi Zzjbvq Kg |
evsjv`k QvMj cvjbi mgmvmg~nt
QvMji cyw, cRbb, ^v I eevcbvi evcvi Lvgvixì chywMZ vbi Afve |

QvMji wewfb ivM `gb cwZg~jK I KkjMZ eevi Afve hgbt Kwg bvkK bv
LvIqvbv, h_vmgq wUKv c`vb bv Kiv BZvw` |
vfws, mwg-BUbwmf Ges BUbwmf cwZZ QvMj Drcv`bi chywMZ vbi
Afve|
bxwZgvjvnxb Aeva msKivqbi gvag evsjv`ki evK ej RvZi QvMji KwjK gvbi
webvk |
QvMj Drcv`b ewi Rb KvhKi mgw^Z RvZxq cwiKbvi Afve |
27.3 t QvMji wewfb RvZ
Dk t cwkYv_xì QvMji wewfb RvZ mK aviYv c`vb |

ARb t GB cvvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb QvMji wewfb RvZ mK aviYv cveb |
cw_exi wewfb `k gvsm, `ya, Pvgov I ckg Drcv`bi Rb AbK DbZ RvZi QvMj iqQ | wbP
Gì msw cwiPq Zzj aiv njv t
gvsm Drcv`bKvix QvMji RvZt GB kYxi QvMji gvsm my^v`y |
RvZi bvg cvw vb `wnK IRb
1. evK ej evsjv`k, fviZ 15-30 KwR
2. evqvi `wY AvwdKv, Gvvjv, bvwgweqv, hyiv, b 70-95 KwR
3. `vgvwb cvwKvb, fviZ 20-25 KwR
4. weUvj cvwKvb, fviZ 45-65 KwR
Uwej 27-1t gvsm Drcv`bKvix QvMji wewfb RvZi weeiY
G Qvov Abvb mKj RvZi QvMji gvsmB fYhvM |
wP-27.1t evqvi RvZi QvMj wP-27.2t evqvi RvZi QvMj

`ya Drcv`bKvix QvMji RvZt jvKUkb wcwiqW GB kYxi QvMx nZ cwZw`b Mo 1-4 wjUvi `ya
cvIqv hvq |
wP-27.3t mvbb RvZi QvMj wP-27.4t mvbb RvZi QvMj
wP-27.5 UvMbevM RvZi QvMj wP-27.6t UvMbevM RvZi QvMj

`ya Drcv`bKvix QvMji RvZi D`vniYt
RvZi bvg cvw vb `wnK IRb QvMxi `wbK `ya cwZ jvKUkb
Drcv`b `ya Drcv`b
1. hgybvcvwo (ivg fviZ, evsjv`k 45-80 KwR 2-4 wjUvi 618 wjUvi
QvMj)
2. mvbb njv, myBRvijv, 65-95 KwR 3-5 wjUvi 1500 wjUvi
hyiv
3. Avsjv byweqvb weUb, myBRvijv, 60-70 KwR 2-3 wjUvi 774 wjUvi
wbDwRjv
4. UvMbevM myBRvijv, hyiv 50-65 KwR 1 wjUvi 500 wjUvi
5. `vgvmKvm wmwiqv, jevbb 50-60 KwR 2-3 wjUvi 525 wjUvi
6. evievwi Di fviZ, cvwKvb 35-40 KwR 1-2 wjUvi 120-150
wjUvi
7. wewUk AvjcvBb weUb, BDivc 60-65 KwR 900-1300 wg.wj. 210-275
wjUvi
Uwej 27-2t `ya Drcv`bKvix QvMji wewfb RvZi weeiY
wP-27.7t Avsjv byweqvb RvZi QvMj wP-27.8t Avsjv byweqvb RvZi QvMj
wP-27.9t Avsjv byweqvb RvZi QvMj wP-27.10t Avsjv byweqvb RvZi QvMj
Pvgov Drcv`bKvix QvMji RvZt GB kYxi QvMji Pvgov w`q DbZgvbi PvgovRvZ è cZ
Kiv nq |
RvZi bvg cvwvb `wnK IRb
1. evK ej evsjv`k, fviZ 15-30 KwR
2. gvjvevi fviZ 35-40 KwR
3. evievwi Di fviZ, cvwKvb 35-40 KwR
4. `vgvmKvm wmwiqv, jevbb 50-60 KwR
Uwej 27-3t Pvgov Drcv`bKvix QvMji wewfb RvZi weeiY
ckg Drcv`bKvix QvMji RvZt GB kYxi QvMji jvg nZ DbZgvbi `vgx cvkvK I Mig
Kvco Zix Kiv nq |
D`vniYt
RvZi bvg cvwvb jvg/ckgi bvg
1. AvsMviv Zzi, `wY AvwdKv, hyiv gvnqvi
2. Kvwkix fviZ Kvkgqvi
3. givwW Di fviZ, cvwKvb Kvkgqvi
Uwej 27-4t ckg Drcv`bKvix QvMji wewfb RvZi weeiY
wP-27.11t AvsMviv RvZi QvMj wP-27.12t AvsMviv RvZi QvMj
Avgvì `k mPivPi QvMji `ywU RvZ `Lv hvq | Gjv njv evK ej QvMj I ivg QvMj ev
hgybv cvwo QvMj |
27.4 t evK ej QvMji ewk
Dk t cwkYv_xì evK ej QvMji ewkmK aviYv c`vb |
ARb t GB cvvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb evK ej QvMji ewk mK aviYv cveb |
wP-27.13t evK ej RvZi QvMj wP-27.14t evK ej RvZi QvMj
evK ej QvMji ewkmg~n wbgict

evK ej QvMji `n mvaviYZt LvUv | DPZv 16-20 Bw |
Gì `n bvg Kvjv jvg viv AveZ | Ze Lqix ev mv`v ev Gì wgwkZ isGi QvMjI
`Lv hvq|
Gì Kvb QvU, Lvov I f~wgi mgvivj |
Gì wks QvU, Lvuov I Kvjv |
evK ej QvMji Mo `wnK IRb 20-30 KwR | cvuVvi IRb 25-40 KwR Ges QvMxi
IRb 15-25 KwR |
evK ej QvMji kvixwiK ew AwZ A mgq NU | 7-8 gvm eqm Giv eqtcv nq |
13-14 gvm eqm c_g evPv `q | eQi Giv Kgc `yBevi evPv `q |
G RvZi QvMj cwZevi 2-4 wU evPv Rb `q |
evK ej QvMxi Ijvb QvU |
jvKUkb wcwiqW evK ej RvZi QvMx Mo cwZw`b 400-500 wg.wj. `ya `q hv
ewkifvM B QvMjQvbvi Pvwn`v c~iY KiZ cvi bv |
evK ej Lvmxi gvsm AZv my^v`y | GKwU 20 KwR IRbi Lvmx nZ Mo 12 KwR
fYhvM gvsm cvIqv hvq |
evK ej RvZi QvMji Pvgov AwZ DbZ gvbi weavq wekevcx Gi Kì iqQ | GKwU
20 KwR IRbi QvMj nZ Mo 1.2-1.4 KwR Pvgov cvIqv hvq |
27.5 t hgybv cvwo QvMji ewk
Dk t cwkYv_xì hgybv cvwo QvMji ewkmK aviYv c`vb |

ARb t GB cvvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb hgybv cvwo QvMji ewk mK aviYv cveb |
wP-27.15t hgybv cvwo RvZi QvMj wP-27.16t hgybv cvwo RvZi QvMj
hgybv cvwo QvMji ewkmg~n wbgict

hgybv cvwo QvMji kixii MVb j^vU | Gì cv ek j^v; wcQbi cvqi cQb j^v jvg
_vK |
Gì Kvb j^v I Szj | mvaviYZt 20-25 m.wg. Szj Kvb `Lv hvq|
QvMxi Ijvb ek eo, myMwVZ I Szj | evUjv gvUv I j^v |
kixii DPZv 32-40 Bw |
hgybv cvwo RvZi cvuVvi IRb Mo 75-100 KwR Ges QvMxi IRb 50-75 KwR nq
_vK|
Giv ìxZ eqtcv nq |
hgybv cvwo RvZi QvMx eQi GKevi evPv `q Ges cwZevi MfaviY Ki Giv mvaviYZt
GKwU evPv cme Ki |
jvKUkb wcwiqW hgybv cvwo RvZi QvMx Mo cwZw`b 2-4 wjUvi `ya `q | cwZ
jvKUkb Giv mevP 618 wjUvi `ya w`q _vK | 400-500 wg.wj. `ya `q hv ewkifvM
B QvMjQvbvi Pvwn`v c~iY KiZ cvi bv |
Gì gvsm evK ej QvMji gZ my^v`y bq Ges PvgovI DbZgvbi bq | Zey `ya I gvsm
Drcv`bi Dk G`k hgybv cvwo RvZi QvMj cvjb Kiv nq |
gwWDj - 28 t
QvMj Lvgvi vcb weeP welqmg~n
28.1 t wewfb aiYi QvMj cvjb cwZ
Dk t cwkYv_xì wewfb aiYi QvMj cvjb cwZ mK aviYv c`vb |

ARb t GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb wewfb aiYi QvMj cvjb cwZ mK aviYv cveb |
Dkt cwkYv_xì wewfb aiYi QvMj cvjb cwZ mK aviYv c`vb |

ARbt GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb wewfb aiYi QvMj cvjb cwZ mK aviYv cveb |
GKwU QvMj Lvgvi vcbi c~e wewfb aiYi QvMj cvjb cwZ mK mgK aviYv jvf Kiv
cqvRb | g~jZt Kvb Lvgvi QvMj msLv, Lvgvii A_bwZK j, Lvgvi gvwjKi cyuwR, wePiY
f~wg I Lvì cvcZv cfwZ welqi Dci wbfi Ki QvMj cvjb cwZ wbaviY Kiv nq | cmZt
DjL h, 15-20 KwR `wnK IRbi GKwU QvMjK `wbK Mo 1.5-2.0 KwR KvPv Nvm mieivn
Kiv cqvRb | QvMj cvjbi wewfb cwZi ga cvwievwiK z` Lvgvi, gyfve QvMj cvjb, mwg
BUbwmf/Avav wbweo cwZZ QvMj cvjb, BUbwmf/wbweo cwZZ QvMj cvjb,
BUMUW/mgw^Z Lvgvi cfwZ DjLhvM | wbg QvMj cvjbi wewfb cwZ mK AvjvPbv Kiv
njv |
1. cvwievwiK z` Lvgvi
ewkt
- Lvgvi QvMji msLv 2-5 wU
- QvMji Rb Avjv`v Kvb evmMni cqvRb nq bv | mvaviYZt Mvqvj Ni ev
Lvgvixi kvqvi Ni ev emZNii cvki eviv`vq QvMjK ivLv nq |
- emZ Nii Avk cvki cwZZ Rwg I Zi AvBji Nvm nZ QvMji Lvì
msvb nq |
- Ze mvwcgU wnmve Mgi f~wl, Pvji Kzov, Qvjvi f~wl, fvZi gvo, KvuVvj cvZv
cfwZ mieivn Kiv nq _vK |
myyweavt
- A cyuwR wewbqvM KiZ nq ej f~wgnxb z` Lvgvix, cvwK Pvlx Ges DP we
KlK mKjB G aiYi Lvgvi KiZ cvib |
- G aiYi Lvgvi vcb A RvqMv Ges eevcbvq A kg cqvRb nq |
- wewbqvM A ej G aiYi Lvgvi SzuwKi cwigvbI Kg |
- GK mv_ A msLK QvMj cvjb Kiv nq ej Gì eevcbv mnRmva | Gì
ivM evwaI Zzjbvg~jKfve Kg nq Ges Drcv`b fvj nq |
- msLv Kg nIqvq evRviRvZKiYI Zzjbvg~jKfve mnR |
Amyweavt
- A msLK QvMj cvjbi KviY evrmwiK Avq Kg nq | ZvB GKK ckv wnmve
MnYi Rb G aiYi QvMj cvjb cwZ Dchy bq |
- evwYwRK wfwZ cvjb Kiv nq bv ej AbK mgq QvMji Lv` I ^v eevcbv
LvZ Kg A_ wewbqvM Kiv nq | dj Drcv`b AbK mgq Avkvbyic nq bv |
Avqt
- G aiYi Lvgvi nZ eQi 12-15 nvRvi UvKv Avq Kiv me |
2. gyfve QvMj cvjb

ewkt
- Lvgvi QvMji msLv 8-10 wU
- emZ Nii Avk cvki Abvevw` Rwg, cwZZ Rwg hgbt ij jvBbi avi, evua,
cyKzi cvo, Ljvi gvV, cvnvox f~wg, b`xi Pi cfwZ RvqMvq gyfve mvivw`b QvMj
Pivbv nq |
- ay ivZi ejvq QvMjK evoxZ bIqv nq | Gmgq aygv `vbv`vi Lvevi QvMjK
mieivn Kiv nq |
myyweavt
- cwZZ/Abvevw` RwgZ gyfve Pi eovq ej QvMji Rb Avjv`vfve Nvm
Drcv`bi cqvRb nq bv |
- Lv` eevcbv LvZ LiP Kg nq |
- gyfve Pi eovq ej ivM-evjvB Zzjbvg~jKfve Kg nq |
Amyweavt
- gyfve Pi eovq ej iYveY I `Lvkvbvi KvR bRi`vwi KiZ nq |
bZzev QvMj nvwiq hvIqvi ev Pzwi nq hvIqvi SzuwK _vK |
- gyfve Pi eovbvi KviY AbK mgq QvMj KZK Abi Zi dmj b Kivi
mfvebv _vK | Gi dj cwZekxi mv_ SMov-weev` nZ cvi |
- `kevcx wbweo Kwl KvRi KviY eZgvb cvcU `ki AwaKvsk vb G
cwZZ QvMj cvjb Kiv `yin |
- gyfve Pi eovq ej QvMji cwiKwZ cRbb me bvI nZ cvi |
Avqt
- G aiYi Lvgvi nZ eQi 25-35 nvRvi UvKv Avq Kiv me |
3. mwg BUbwmf/Avav wbweo cwZZ QvMj cvjb

ewkt
- G aiYi cwZZ Lvgvi 20 ev ZZvwaK msLK QvMj cvjb Kiv nq | Lvgvixi
wewbqvM I BQvi Dci GB msLv wbfikxj |
- G cwZZ QvMjK w`bi ejvq Lvgvii wbR^ f~wgZ Pivbv nq Ges ivZi
ejvq Ni Ave Aevq ivLv nq |
- QvMji cyw Pvwn`v gUvbvi Rb `vbv`vi Lv` I KvPv Nvm mieivn Kiv nq |
myyweavt
- GB cwZZ cvjb Kij QvMj KZK Abi Zi wZmvabi mvebv _vK bv
ej evsjv`ki eZgvb cvcU GB cwZ wekl DchvMx |
- Lv` I ^v eevcbvi cQb ekx wewbqvM Kiv nq ej GB cwZZ Drcv`b
AvkveK nq |
Amyweavt
- wewbqvM ekx KiZ nq ej ^ cyuwRi Lvgvixi Rb GB cwZ wKQzUv eq ej |
- GK mv_ AbK QvMj cvjb Kiv nq ej Lvgvii Kvb GKwU QvMj msvgK ivM
nj Zv `Z Lvgvi Qwoq co | dj ^v eevcbv LvZ LiP ekx nq |
Avqt
- wewbqvMi Dci Avq wbfikxj | wewbqvM hZ ekx ne A_vr hZ ekx msLvq
QvMj cvjb Kiv ne AvqI mB AbycvZ ekx ne |
4. BUbwmf/wbweo cwZZ QvMj cvjb
ewkt
- GB cwZZ Lvgvi kZvwaK nZ mnmvwaK QvMj cvjb Kiv me | wewbqvMi
cwigvbi Dci GB msLv wbfikxj |
- GB cwZZ QvMjK m~Y Ave Aevq cvjb Kiv nq Ges KvPv Nvm, `vbv`vi
Lv`mn mKj cKvi Lv` I cvbxq mieivn Kiv nq |
- GB cwZZ QvMji gyfve PviYf~wgZ Pi eovbvi Kvb myhvM _vK bv | Ze
Lvgvi Mni mv_ Lvgvi Mni cvq wb RvqMv wbq Lvuqvo Zix Kiv nq hvi
Pvicvk eov Ìqv _vK | D Lvuqvi QvMjK w`bi ejv Qo Ìqv nq Ges
mKj cKvi ivdR RvZxq Lv` Lvuqvo mieivn Kiv nq |
myyweavt
- cwiKwZfve Lv` eevcbv I ^v eevcbv LvZ eq Kiv nq ej Drcv`b
Avkvbyic nq|
- cwiKbv Abyhvqx cRbb eevcbv evevqb Kiv me nq |
- A RvqMvq AwaK msLK QvMj cvjb Kiv nq ej Zzjbvg~jKfve Rbej LvZ eq
Kg nq |
- wevb mZ eevcbv cwZ AbymiY Kivi gvag QvMj cvjbK wk wnmve Mo
Zvjv me |
Amyweavt
- Mn wbgvb I Lvuqvo vcb cv_wgK wewbqvM Zzjbvg~jKfve ekx |
- GB cwZZ Lv` eevcbv LvZ eq Zzjbvg~jKfve Ab cwZi Pq ekx |
- mgqgZ KvwLZ Drcv`b wbwZ Kiv bv Mj Drcv`b eq ew& cvq | dj KLbv
KLbv GB cwZ jvfRbK nq bv |
- GKmv_ AwaK msLK QvMj cvjb Kiv nq ej Lvgvii Kvb GKwU QvMj msvgK
ivM nj Zv `Z Lvgvi Qwoq co | dj Drcv`b wZM nq Ges ^v
eevcbv LvZ eq ew cvq |
Avqt
- wewbqvMi Dci Avq wbfikxj | wewbqvM hZ ekx ne A_vr hZ ekx msLvq
QvMj cvjb Kiv ne AvqI mB AbycvZ ekx ne |
5. BUMUW/mgw^Z Lvgvi
ewkt
djR ev ebR evMvb mgw^Z Dcvq Avav-wbweo ev cvwievwiKfve QvMj cvjb Kiv hZ cvi |
mvaviYZt cqviv, cuc, Avg, KvVvj, wjPz, Kjv cfwZ djR evMvb A_ev ebR evMvbi wbP cviv,
wmMbvj, gvmKvjvB, KvDwc, aBv cfwZ Nvm/ivdR Pvl Kiv hZ cvi | dj Nvm Pvli Rb
Avjv`v Kvb Rwgi cqvRb nq bv| D Nvm KU LvIqvbv hZ cvi ev GZ QvMj Pivbv hZ
cvi | G Qvov dj evMvbi AwZwi cvZv KU QvMjK LvIqvbv hZ cvi |
myyweavt
- mgw^Z Dcvq Lvgvi Mo Zvjv nq ej QvMji Rb Avjv`v PviYf~wg ev Nvm Pvli
f~wgi cqvRb nq bv |
- GKB ew GKB mv_ evMvbi Z`viwK I QvMj `Lvkvbv KiZ cvib ej GB
cwZZ kgi mvkq nq |
- QvMji gj-g~ Re mvi wnmve Lvgvi eenvi Kiv hvq |
- GB cwZZ QvMi Pi eovbvi myhvM cvq Ges A RvqMvq Ave _vKZ nq bv
ej ivM evjvBqi cKvc Kg nq |
Amyweavt
- bRi`vix bv _vKj QvMj KZK evMvbi Pviv MvQ, QvU MvQ, mw Z Lq djvi
mvebv iqQ |
Avqt
- mgw^Z Dcvq cvjb Kiv nq ej LvgvixMb evMvb I QvMj Lvgvi nZ
Zzjbvg~jKfve ekx Avq KiZ cvib |
28.2 t QvMj Lvgvii vb wbevPb
Dk t cwkYv_xì QvMj Lvgvii vb wbevPb mK aviYv c`vb |

ARb t GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb QvMj Lvgvii vb wbevPb mK aviYv cveb |
^vmZ I jvfRbK QvMj Lvgvi vcbi Rb vb wbevPb LyeB iZcY~ welq | QvMj Lvgvi
vcbi mgq wbgi welqjv weePbv KiZ ne t
h_vme DuPz I RvqMvq QvMj Lvgvi vcb KiZ ne, hvZ ebvi cvwb Lvgvi cek
KiZ bv cvi Ges ewi cvwb Rg bv _vK |
Lvjvgjv Ges cPzi Avjv evZvm iqQ Ggb RvqMvq Lvgvi vcb Kiv evbxq |
Nvm Pvli DchvMx Dei gvwU hgbt `vAvuk ev ej `vAvuk gvwUZ Lvgvi vcb Kij Nvm
Pvli myweav nq |
jvKvjq nZ mvgvb `~i wK evRvi ev knii mv_ mnR hvMvhvM eev iqQ Ggb
vb Lvgvi vcb Kiv DwPr | GZ Lvgvii cqvRbxq èvw` cwienb mnRZi nq |
we cvwbi Drm/mieivn iqQ Ggb vb Lvgvi vcbv Kiv cqvRb |
we`yZi mye`ve iqQ Ggb vb Lvgvi vcb KiZ ne |
Lvgvi cvwb I cqt wbvkbi Rb cqvRbxq bvjv b`gv _vKZ ne |
KvQvKvwQ PviYf~wg AvQ Ggb vb Lvgvi vcb Kiv jvfRbK |
G Qvov Rxeb aviYi AvaywbK myhvM myweav iqQ, AvBb kLjv cwiwwZ fvj, mvgvwRK
Amvl bB Ggb vb Lvgvi vcb Kiv evbxq |
28.3 t QvMji evmvb eevcbv
Dk t cwkYv_xì QvMji evmvb mK aviYv c`vb |

ARb t GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb QvMji evmvb mK aviYv cveb b |
QvMji Ni wbgvb weeP welqmg~n t

- QvMji evmMn I DuPz vb wbgvb Kiv ìKvi |
- Ni Avjv-evZvm XvKvi eev _vKv cqvRb |
- Nii gS me mgq I cwivi ivLvi eev Kiv DwPr |
- QvMji Ni c~e cwg j^v jw^ `wY w`K Lvjv _vKj fvj |
QvMj Lvgvi h mKj Ni _vKv cqvRb t

cvwievwiK cwZZ Ges gyfve QvMj cvjb Kij QvMji Rb Avjv`v Nii Zgb cqvRb nq
bv| gvbyli _vKvi Nii GKcvk, Nii cvki eviv`vq A_ev Mvqvj Nii Mii mv_ QvMj cvjb
Kiv nq | Avav wbweo I wbweo cwZZ evwYwRKfve GKmv_ AbK QvMj cvjb Kiv nq ej
QvMji Rb Avjv`v Ki wewfb Ni Zix KiZ nq |
GKwU evwYwRK QvMj Lvgvi wbgewYZ Avjv`v Avjv`v Ni _vKv evbxq t
- cRbb DchvMx I `yeZx QvMji Ni, ewWs cb
- evPv QvMji Ni (`ya Qvovbv ch)
- gvsm Drcv`bKvix QvMji Ni (2-3 gvm eqm nZ cv eq)
- cvuVv QvMji Ni (3 gvm eqm nZ mvwfmKvjxb mgq)
- MfeZx QvMji Ni
- AvBmvjkb kW (Amy QvMji Rb)
- KvqviUvBb kW (bZzb qKZ QvMji Rb-qi ci 2 mvn ch)
- `vbv`vi Lv` ivLvi Ni
- meyR Nvm I ivdR RvZxq Lv` ivLvi Ni
cvjb cwZ Abymvi QvMji Nii kYx webvm t
cvjb cwZ Abymvi QvMji NiK `yB fve kYx wefvM Kiv hZ cvi t
K. gS cwZi Ni- G aiYi Ni QvMjK gSZ cvjb Kiv nq |
L. gvPv cwZi Ni- G aiYi Ni gSi Dci gvPv Zix Ki Zvi Dci QvMj cvjb Kiv
nq|
wbgvb DcKiYi Dci wfw Ki gS cwZi Ni wZb iKg nZ cvi
- KvuPv gSi Ni
- Aa cvKv gSi Ni
- cvKv gSi Ni
gwWDj - 29 t
QvMj cvjb eevcbv
29.1 t Lvgvi QvMj cvjbi Rb QvMx I cvuVv wbevPb weeP welqmg~n
Dk t cwkYv_xì Lvgvi cvjbi Rb QvMx I cvuVv wbevPb weeP welqmg~n mK aviYv c`vb |
ARb t GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb Lvgvi cvjbi Rb QvMx I cvuVv wbevPb weeP welqmg~n
mK aviYv cveb |
jvfRbKfve Lvgvi cwiPvjbv KiZ nj Lvgvi cvjbi Rb QvMj wbevPbi mgq KqKwU welq
mZKZvi mv_ weePbv KiZ ne | Lvgvi cvjbi Rb qKZ/wbevwPZ QvMjK mKj cKvi
msvgK evwa gy nZ ne | Zv Qvov PgivM, PvLi ivM Ges eskMZ ivM evwa _vKv Pje bv|
Kvb GjvKvq msvgK ivMi cv`yfve nqQ ev wKQzw`b c~e nqwQj Ggb GjvKv nZ QvMj msMn
Kiv hve bv | Lvgvi cwZcvjbi Rb DbZ RvZi QvMx I cvuVv wbevPb KiZ ne | wbg DbZ
RvZi QvMx I cvuVv wbevPb weeP welq mK AvjvKcvZ Kiv njv |
QvMx wbevPb weeP welqmg~n

wbevPbi mgq QvMxi eqm 9-13 gvmi ga nIqv evbxq |
gv_v j^v I gag AvKvii ne | gyL fivfiv ne |
KzuR I Nvo cvq mij iLvq ev mvRv _vKe |
eyK gag AvKwZi I ek PIov ne hvZ mvgbi `yB cv mvgmc~Y `~iZ _vK|
cU Zzjbvg~jKfve eo, cvuRii nvo PIov I cmviYkxj ne |
mvgbi cv `ywU mvRv, `p I nvojv gReyZ ne | cvqi Lyi mgvivjfve gvwUZ coe|
wbevwPZ QvMx AwaK Drcv`bkxj eski ne | QvMxi gv, `v`x I bvbxi eQi 2 evi evPv
Ìqvi Ges cwZevi GKvwaK evPv Ìqvi iKW _vKZ ne |
wbevwPZ QvMxi gv, `v`x I bvbxi evPv gZzi nvi 10% Gi wbP _vKZ ne |
wbevwPZ QvMxi gv, `v`x I bvbxi `wbK Mo 500 Mvg `ya c`vb Kivi iKW _vKZ ne |
wbevwPZ QvMxi Ijvb eo, evuU mvgmc~Y, wKQzUv wfZii w`K evuKvbv Ges `yai wkiv
jYhvM ne|
cvuVv wbevPb weeP welqmg~n

wbevPbi mgq cvvuVvi eqm 12-14 gvmi ga nIqv evbxq |
cvuVv ne my^vi AwaKvix Ges mKj cKvi hb evwa gy |
Pvgov big I wXjXvjv ne, Uvbj DVvbvgv Kie |
ckg gmY I QvU QvU, wmi gZ PKPK ne |
gv_v I Nvo cyilvwj, fvix ne | kixii cQbi fvM mej I `p ne |
AKvli AvKvi eo I myMwVZ Ges `whvM ne wK ekx Szjvbv _vKe bv |
cvuRii nvojv , gReyZ I `p ne |
cvuVvi gv, `v`x I bvbxi `ya c`vbi iKW Kgc 700 Mvg ne |
cvuVvi gv, `v`x I bvbxi evPv gZzi nvi Kg ne, eQi 2 evi evPv c`vb Ges cwZevi `yB
ev ZZvwaK evPv c`vbi iKW _vKZ ne |
cQbi cv `ywU gReyZ, myVvg I kwkvjx nZ ne | Rv Kivq cUz nZ ne |
29.2 t QvMji Lv` eevcbv

Dk t cwkYv_xì QvMji Lv` eevcbv mK aviYv c`vb |
ARb t GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb Lvgvi QvMji Lv` eevcbv mK aviYv cveb |
QvMji Lv`vfvm
QvMj ivgK cvYx | Mi gwnli gZ QvMjI mjyjvR ev Avuk RvZxq Lvevi nRg KiZ cvi | G
Qvov QvMj msKUKvj bvBUvRb I cvwb AwaKZi fvjfve kixii KvR jvMvZ cvi | cvKwZ
`yhvM ev Lvì Afve nj QvMj AZ wbg cywgvbhy Lv` LZ cvi hv mPivPi Abvb
MncvwjZ cvwY Lvq bv | Giv mvaviY ev wbggvbi Lv` LqB cqvRbxq cywi Pvwn`v gUvZ mg
nq | QvMj mvaviYZt KvuVvj, Avg, Kjv, ZzZ, Mvgvix, gnwMwb, eU, eiB, f~, m~hgLy x cfwZ MvQi
cvZv Lq _vK | G Qvov ivv NvUi `~e Nvm, jZv, j, KvUv Svc Ges evwoi kvK mw I
djg~ji DwQvsk I Lvmv Lq QvMj Zvi Lvì Pvwn`v wgwUq _vK | QvMjK my I mej
ivLZ nj Ges AwaK Drcv`b cZ nj GK wbqwgZ mylg Lv` LvIqvbv DwPr | AwaK `ya I
gvsm Ges DbZgvbi Pvgov Drcv`bi Rb QvMjK m~iK `vbv`vi Lv` mieivn KiZ nq |
Lvì my^v`yZv
QvMj Abvb cvYxi Lvì DwQvsk mivmwi cZvLvb Ki | Avevi QvMji mvgb MvQi Wvjcvjv
I Kvmn cvZv w`j QvMj Kv ev` ay cvZv Lq _vK | QvMj mvaviYZt eQ eQ Lv`
gbvbxZ Ki Lq _vK | QvMj wgw, wZZv Ges UKv ^vì ga cv_K KiZ cvi | Giv wZ
^v` ewk mn KiZ cvi | QvMj wjg dWvi ekx cQ` Ki | QvMj kvjMg, f~v, Rvqvi BZvw`
KvuPv Nvm cQ` KijI mvBjR cQ` Ki bv | wbZv eva bv nj Giv mvBjR LZ Pvq bv |
Lvì mylwgKiY
wevbxMb cixv Ki `wLqQb h, QvMj `ya Drcv`bi Rb Zvi IRb AbycvZ 7-8 fvM ekx
Lvq | 4.5 wjUvi `ya `q Ggb GKwU QvMji `wbK Mo 1.8 KwR e (WvB gvUvi) wewk
Lv` cqvRb hwÌ H QvMj ^vaxbfve Pi `wbK mevwaK 3.18 KwR cwigvb e (WvB
gvUvi) wewk Lv` Lq _vK | QvMji `ni Zzjbvq cUi wwZ eo nIqvq Zvi cU cwic~YZvi
w`K j ivLv cqvRb | cUi wwZ c~Y Kivi Rb `vbv`vi Lvì cvkvcvwk QvMjK mjyjvR
ev Avuk RvZxq Lv` LvIqvbv cqvRb |
Lvì cywgvb
eq QvMji Zzjbvq QvMj Qvbvi `vbv`vi Lv` wgkY Kg Avuk, DP Avwgl I DP wecvKxq kw
_vKZ ne | 4-15 eqmx QvMj (evoKvjxb mgq) K chv cvwUb mg `vbv`vi I AvukRvZxq
Lv` c`vb Kiv cqvRb | iY ivLv ìKvi h, QvMj Lvgvii Lv` eq gvU eqi 60-70 fvM |
ZvB Lvgvii jvf jvKmvb Lv` eevcbv I eqi Dci wbfikxj | `vbv`vi Lvì g~j Avuk
RvZxq Lvevii Pq ewk | ZvB Avuk RvZxq Lvevi Lq hZ ewk cyw Pvwn`v gUvbv hve ZZ eq
Kgvbv hve | wbg QvMji `wbK Lv` mieivni ZvwjKv QK AvKvi `Lvbv njv |
QvMji IRb (KwR) `wbK `vbv`vi Lv` `wbK Nvm mieivn/Pivbv
mieivn (Mvg) (KwR)
4 100 0.4
6 150 0.6
8 200 0.8
10 250 1.0
12 300 1.0
14 350 1.5
> 18 350 2.0
Uwej-29.1t evo QvMji `wbK Lv` mieivni ZvwjKv
QvMxi IRb `yai cwigvb `vbv`vi Lv` Nvm/cvZv Lo (Mvg) fvZi gvo
(KwR) (KwR) (Mvg) (KwR) (KwR)
20 0.50 300 1.5 - 1.0
25 0.80 400 1.5 - 1.2
30 1.00 400 2.0 300 1.5
35 1.00 400 2.5 500 2.0
40 1.00 400 2.5 650 2.0
Uwej 29-2t `yeZx QvMxi `wbK Lv` mieivni ZvwjKv
eqm (gvm) IRb (KwR) Nvm/cvZv BDwiqv wgwkZ `vbv`vi Lv` fvZi gvo
(KwR) Lo (KwR) (Mvg) (KwR)
3 6.0 0.40 0.02 100 400
4 7.8 0.45 0.05 200 400
5 9.6 0.50 0.05 200 400
6 11.5 0.60 0.10 250 400
7 13.2 0.80 0.15 250 400
8 15.0 1.00 0.20 300 400
9 16.8 1.00 0.20 300 400
10 18.6 1.20 0.20 300 400
11 20.5 1.30 0.20 300 400
12 22.2 1.30 0.20 300 400
13 24.0 1.50 0.20 300 400
14 25.8 1.60 0.20 300 400
15 26.5 1.80 0.20 300 400
Uwej 29-3t wewfb IRbi Lvmxi `wbK Lv` mieivni ZvwjKv
Lvì Dcv`vb evPv QvMji Lv` eo QvMji Lv`

Qvjv fvv 20 fvM 15 fvM
Mg fvv 20 fvM 35 fvM
wZji Lj 35 fvM 25 fvM
Mgi f~wm 20 fvM 20 fvM
LwbR wgkY 04 fvM 04 fvM
jeb 01 fvM 01 fvM
gvU 100 fvM 100 fvM
Uwej 29-4t evPv I eo QvMji `vbv`vi Lvì wgkY
29.3 t QvMji cRbb eevcbv

Dk t cwkYv_xì QvMji cRbb eevcbv mK aviYv c`vb |
ARb t GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb QvMji cRbb eevcbv mK mgK aviYv cveb |
DbZgvbi I AwaK Drcv`bkxj evPv cZ nj QvMjK mycwiKwZ fve cRbb KivZ ne |

gvMZ evQvB cwZZ `ji ga DbZ gvbi cvuVv Ges cRbb DchvMx QvMx wbevPb Ki Zvì
ga cRbb NwUq QvMji gvb Dbqb Kiv nq | evQvB wqvi mgq wbgi welqjv weePbvq ivLZ
ne |
cRbb DchvMx QvMji ewk
1| evwnK ewk
- `wnK ewi nvi
- hb cwicZvq Avmvi eqm I IRb
- RbKvjxb evPPvi IRb
- `ya Qvovi eqm I IRb
- `ya Qvovi ci `wnK ewi nvi
2| Drcv`b ewk
- QvMj cwZ gvsm Drcv`b
- Wwms AvDU cvmUR
- Pvgovi bvb
- `ya Drcv`b
- jvg Drcv`b
- jvgi bMZ gvb
3| cybircv`b ewk
- eqvmwi eqm
- c_g cRbb Avmvi eqm I IRb
- c_g MfaviYi mgq eqm I IRb
- c_g cme IRb I eqm
- wKwWs BUvifvj
- cwZevi MfaviYi Rb cvj Ìqvi msLv
- cvuVvi vYyi bMZ gvb
cRbb DchvMx cvuVv wbevPb

cRbb DchvMx cvuVv wbevPbi mgq wbPi ewkmg~ni cwZ iZvivc KiZ ne t
- cvuVvi eqm Kgc 12 gvm ev Zvi ewk nZ ne |
- cvuVv kvixwiKfve my ne Ges kixii cwZwU A cZ wbLyuZ ne |
- cvuVv i, AvgbvZK I kh exhi AwaKvix ne |
- cvuVvi wcZvgvZvi AwaK Drcv`bi iKW _vKZ ne |
- cvuVvi AKvl eo I myMwVZ ne | cQbi cv gReyZ I kwkvjx ne |
- AekB mKj cKvi hb ivM nZ gy _vKe |
cRbb DchvMx QvMx wbevPb
cRbb DchvMx QvMx wbevPbi mgq wbPi ewkmg~ni cwZ iZvivc KiZ ne t
- QvMxi eqm Kgc 9 gvm nZ ne | `wnK IRb Kgc 12 KwR nZ ne |
- evK ej RvZi nj gvsmej QvMx wbevPb KiZ ne | `ya Drcv`bKvix RvZi
nj Ijvb I evuU eo I myMwVZ ne |
- QvMxi wcZvgvZvi AwaK Drcv`bi iKW _vKZ ne |
- `wnK ewi nvi ewk Ggb QvMx wbevPb KiZ ne | QvMx AekB kv cKwZi
ne|
QvMxi Bvm ev Mig nIqvi jY

- QvMxi AvPiY AwiZv `Lv hvq |
- LvIqv `vIqv Kg hvq ev Qo `q |
- gvS gvS DP î wPrKvi Ki |
- mx Ab QvMji wcVi Dci jvwdq DV | Ab QvMjK Zvi wcV DVZ `q |
- Nb Nb jR bvo, hvbxvi (fvjfv) jvj nq Ges dzj hvq |
- hvbxvi w`q Rwji gZ wgDKvm RvZxq Zij c`v_ ei nq |
QvMxK cvj Ìqvi Dchy mgq wbaviY

- QvMx Mig nIqvi 8 NUv ci Ges 18 NUvi ga cvj w`Z nq |
- cqvRb G mgqi ga `yBevi cvj w`q MfaviY wbwZ Kiv hvq | mKvj Mig
nj weKvj Ges weKvj Mig nj cii w`b mKvj cvj Ìqv cqvRb |
- mwVK mgq cvj Ìqv bv nj cieZx 18 w`b nZ 21 w`bi ga QvMx cybivq
Mig ne ev wnU Avme |
- GKevi evPv cmei ò nZ `yB gvm ci QvMx cybivq Mig nq |
- QvMxK 3-4 evi cvj Ìqvi ciI MfeZx bv nj Awf fUwibvwiqvbi eevc
Abyhvqx c`c MnY KiZ ne |
29.4 t QvMji cwiPhv

29.4.1 t cRbbi Dk eeZ QvMxi hZ
Dkt cwkYv_xì cRbbi Dk eeZ QvMxi hZ mK aviYv c`vb |
ARbt GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb cRbbi Dk eeZ QvMxi hZ mK aviYv cveb |
DbZgvbi I AwaK Drcv`bkxj evPv cZ nj QvMjK mycwiKwZ fve cRbb KivZ ne | Avi
cRbbi mydj cZ nj cRbbi Dk eeZ QvMxi wekl hZ wbZ ne | cRbbi Dk
eeZ QvMxi Rxeb PviwU iZcY~ avc j Kiv hvq | avcjv nQt WvB wcwiqW, MfKvjxb
mgq, cmeKvjxb mgq Ges `ya c`vbKvjxb mgq | D PviwU avc wfb wfbfve QvMxi hZ wbZ
ne| wbP welqwU wbq AvjvKcvZ Kiv njv |
WvB wcwiqW
evPv `ya LvIqv Qo Ìqvi ci nZ cybivq cRbb Kivi c~e ch (cieZx MfaviYKvj ch)
mgqK QvMxi WvB wcwiqW ej| G mgq `n iv, chv nigvb wbtmiY Ges `ni q c~iYi
wbwg QvMxK chv cwigvb cywKi mylg Lv` mieivn KiZ ne
MfKvjxb mgq
my, mej I ^vevb evPv Drcv`bi j QvMxK MfKvjxb mgq Dchy cwigvb DbZgvbi
Lvevi Ges Dchy hZ bIqv Riix | G mgq QvMxK ^vfvweK Lvì cvkvcvwk wfUvwgb I
wgbvij mieivn KiZ ne | Mf Yi `ni `yB ZZxqvsk ew NU MfaviYi kl mvn |
ZvB Gmgq Avwgli Pvwn`v wZbb nq | Gmgq Yi ew I QvMxi bi ewi Rb chv
cwigvb DbZ gvbi Lvevi w`Z ne | evPv cmei `yB mvn c~e nZ QvMxK c_K ivLvi eev
KiZ ne | Gmgq gvPvi Dci ev DuPz vb QvMxK DVZ bv Ìqv fvj | w`b Ni msjM Lvuqvo
A_ev DVvb Qvqvi ga QvMxK ivLZ ne | MfeZx QvMxK Kbv I cwivi cwiQb vb ivLZ
ne | ivZ gvwUZ Kbv I cwivi Lo ev PU wewQq weQvbv Zix Ki w`Z ne |
cmeKvjxb mgq
cmei c~e QvMxi Ijvb Ges jRi Pvicvki ckg cwivi KiZ ne | Gmgq `vbv`vi Lv`
mieivn Kwgq w`Z ne ev e KiZ ne | cme Ni AekB cwivi cwiQb, Kbv Ges
Rxevbygy ivLZ ne | cmywZ QvMx I m`RvZ evPvi Rb gSZ weQvbv/ewWs Gi eev KiZ
ne | cmei Ni chv Avjv evZvmi eev KiZ ne | AZ kxZi ga m`RvZ evPvK
hb D ivLv hvq m myhvM _vKZ ne |
`ya c`vbKvjxb mgq

cmei ci QvMxi cqvRbi Dci j iL Lvì cwigvb cqvRb Abymvi ew Kiv AvekK |
Mvfxi `yai Pq QvMxi `ya cvwUb I Pwei kZKiv cwigvb ewk _vK weavq `yeZx QvMxK chv
cwigvb cvwUb I dvU mg Lvevi c`vb KiZ ne | `yeZx QvMxi nvBcvKvjmwgqv cwZiva
Kivi Rb Lv` cqvRbxq cwigvb Kvjwmqvg mieivn KiZ ne |
29.4.2 t m` cm~Z QvMj Qvbvi hZ
Dkt cwkYv_xì m` cm~Z QvMj Qvbvi hZ mK aviYv c`vb |

ARbt GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb m` cmZ ~ QvMj Qvbvi hZ mK aviYv cveb |
cmei mv_ mv_ evPvK gvqi mvgb w`Z ne hvZ QvMx evPvi kixi PU cwivi
KiZ cvi| evPvi bvK kvZ AvUK _vKvi KviY `g e nq evPv gviv hZ cvi
ZvB cmei mv_ mv_ evPvi mg kixi I bvKi kv mwiq bvKi ga dz w`q evPvi
kvm ckvm mnhvMxZv KiZ ne |
kxZi mgq `Z evPvi kixi gyQ bv w`j kxZ evPvi kixii AwZwi Zvcgvv `yZ
nvivZ _vK Ges evPv KvucZ KvucZ gviv hvq | GRb evPvK D vb A_vr Lo ev
PUi Dci iL Pviw`K PU w`q wNi w`Z ne A_ev Zvcgvv wbqYi eev MnY KiZ
ne |
m` cm~Z QvMj QvbvK cwivi cwiQb I RvqMv (ewWs cb) Z ivLvi eev KiZ
ne |
evPv cmei ciciB evPvi bvwf 2-3 m.wg. iL evKx Ask KU w`Z ne Ges D vb
wUsPvi Ae AvqvwWb jvwMq w`Z ne |
m` cm~Z evPvi euP _vKvi Rb cqvRb kw | beRvZ QvMj Qvbv kw cvq gvqi `ya
nZ | ZvB cmei 20-30 wgwbUi ga QvMj QvbvK gvqi kvj `ya LZ mvnvh KiZ
ne | cqvRb kvj `ya `vnb Ki evZj LvIqvbv hZ cvi |
Lqvj ivLZ ne h mKj evPv hb mgfve `ya cvq | AcvKZ `~ej evPvK wbRi
nvZ ai gvqi `ya LvIqvi myhvM Ki w`Z ne | Rbi ci 1g 4-5 w`b evPvK kvj `ya
LvIqvZ ne |
Rbi mgq evPvi IRb 1 KwRi Kg nj gvqi `yai cvkvcvwk GK mvn ch wPwbi
wmiv/WUvR w`b 3-4 evi LvIqvbv hZ cvi | GZ evPvi kixi kw ew cvq Ges
evPv gZzi nvi Kg hvq |
QvMxi `ya Drcv`b Kg wK evPvi msLv hw` ekx nq Zvnj wZb gvm eqm ch evPvK
gvqi `yai cvkvcvwk Kwg Dcvq Mvfxi `ya, evwj, cvDWvi wg, fvZi gvo cfwZ
LvIqvbv hZ cvi|
Mii `ya cvIqv bv Mj cqvRb QvMj QvbvK wg wicmvi Zix Ki w`b 3-4 evi
LvIqvbv hZ cvi | GZ bbxgy ov `ya (wg wg) 70 fvM; Pvj,Mg ev f~vi ov 20
fvM, mqvweb Zj 7 fvM, jeb 1 fvM, WvBKvjwmqvg dmdU 1.5 fvM Ges wfUvwgb
wgbvij wcwg 0.5 fvM _vK | D wgkYi GKfvM, bqfvM cvwbi mv_ wgwkq fvjgZ
dzUvbvi ci Vvv Ki QvMj QvbvK LvIqvZ ne |
29.4.3 t evPv QvMji hZ
Dkt cwkYv_xì evPv QvMji hZ mK aviYv c`vb |

ARbt GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb evPv QvMji hZ mK aviYv cveb |
QvMj Qvbvi 15 w`b eqm nZ A A Ki `vbv`vi Lv` Ges Avuk RvZxq Lvevi (KvuPv Nvm,
MvQi cvZv cfwZ) LvIqvbvi Afvm KivZ ne |
h mKj QvMj Qvbv `xN mgq ai gvqi Achv `ya cvIqvi KviY `~ej nq ZvìK
Abvb mylg Lvevi mieivni cvkvcvwk cwZ mvn Kgc GKwU Ki KvuPv ev wm wWg
LvIqvbv hZ cvi | GZ QvMj Qvbvi Avwgli Pvwn`v wKQzUv c~iY ne Ges evPv my I
mej ne |
kxZi mgq gSZ Qvjv ev Lo wewQq gvi mv_ QvMj QvbvK ivLZ ne |
cqvRb QvMj Qvbvi kixi Mig Kvcov ev Qvjv w`q XK `qv hZ cvi |
QvMji Nii eov ev `qvj PU w`q XK `qv `Z cvi hvZ Ni nZ kxZ kxZ fve `~i
nq |
cwZw`b Lv` I cvwbi cv cwivi KiZ ne Ges Lqvj ivLZ ne hb Ni fRv ev
mvuZmuZ bv nq |
kxZ ev ewi mgq QvMi QvbvK Nii evBi hZ Ìqv DwPr bq | GZ Vvv jM QvMj
Qvbvi wbDgvwbqv nZ cvi |
eo cvYxi Avgb nZ QvMj QvbvK ivi eev _vKZ ne |
wewfb KviY QvMj Qvbvi kixi DuKzb, AvVvjx, gvBU cfwZ ciRxwei msgb nZ cvi |
Gi dj evPv ik~bZvq fyM `~ej nq co Ges gviv hvq | G me ciRxwei Avgb
cwZivai Rb QvMj QvbvK DuKzb bvkK mvevb w`q A_ev 0.5% gvjvw_qbi cvwbZ
Mvmj KivZ ne | QvMj Qvbvi eqm 2 gvm njB cwZ mvn `yBevi GK mvaviY cvwbZ
Mvmj KivZ ne | kixi DuKzb, AvVvjx, gvBU cfwZ ciRxwei msgb `Lv w`j gvm
`yBevi 0.5% gvjvw_qbi cvwbZ evPvK Mvmj KivZ ne | Mvmji ciciB QvMj
Qvbvi kixi Kvco ev Qvjv w`q gyQ w`Z ne |
eqm evovi mv_ mv_ QvMj Qvbvi cU Mvj Kwg, wdZv Kwg Ges hKZ Kwgmn wewfb
aiYi Kwg nZ _vK | Gi dj QvMji Lv` nRg Kg hvq Ges nRgKZ Lv` kvlY
evNvZ NU | GK chvq evPv AcywZ `~ej nq gviv hZ cvi | ZvB evPvi eqm
GKgvmi AwaK nj cwZ Pvi gvm cici cvqLvbv cixv Ki fUwibvwiqvbi civgk
Abyhvqx Kwgi Jla LvIqvZ ne |
29.4.4 t cvuVvi hZ
Dkt cwkYv_xì cvuVvi hZ mK aviYv c`vb |

ARbt GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb cvuVvi hZ mK aviYv cveb |
QvMxi Zzjbvq cvuVvi `wnK ewi nvi ekx | GKwU cvuVv gv wZb gvm eqmB eqvtcvw jvf Ki |
wK 6 gvm eqmi AvM ZvK cRbb KvR eenvi Kiv hve bv; Ab_vq cvuVvi ^vnvbx NUe |
12 gvm eqm cRbb KvRi Rb Av`k | cvuVvi cRbb gZv 2-3 eQi eqm mevP | cRbb KvR
eeZ cvuVvK kvixwiK fve my I kh exhi AwaKvix nZ nq | chv cwigvb mylg Lv`
mieivn Kij Ges Dchy cwiPhv Kij GKwU cvuVvK 12 ermi eqm ch cRbb KvR eenvi
Kiv hvq | GKwU evK ej cvuVvi _vKvi Rb 24 eMdUz RvqMvi cqvRb nq | cvi GKwU
hgybv cvwo cvuVvi _vKvi Rb 35 eMdzU RvqMvi cqvRb nq | cvuVvi Lv` eevcbv `yavjv QvMxi
gZB | Ze cRbb Kvhg mnvqZvi Rb cwZwU cvuVvK `wbK 10 Mvg MvuRvbv Qvjv `qv
cqvRb | Kvb fveB cvuVvi kixi Pwe RgZ `qv DwPr bq | cqvRb Lv` wbqY Kiv hZ
cvi | 28-30 KwR IRbi GKwU cvuVvK `wbK 400 Mvg Ki `vbv`vi Lv` c`vb KiZ ne |
GKwU cvuVvK mvn 10-12 evii ewk cRbb KvR eenvi Kiv DwPr bq |
29.5 t QvMji evPvK Lvmx Kivbv

Dkt cwkYv_xì QvMji evPvK Lvmx Kivbv mK aviYv c`vb |
ARbt GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb QvMji evPvK Lvmx Kivbv mK aviYv cveb |
gvsm Drcv`bi Dk Lvgvi QvMj cvjb Kiv nj cRbb DchvMx KqKwU cvuVv iL evKx me
cyil QvMjK Lvmx Kivbv nq _vK | Lvmx Kivbv nQ Kvb cvYxi m MvK AcmviY ev
wbwq Kivi gvag D cvYxi cRbb gZv iwnZ Kiv | Lvmx Kivbvi gvag Lvgvi AevwZ I
AbvKvwLZ cRbb wbqY Kiv nq | cvuVvi kixi KvwcK GwmW I KvcvwqK GwmWi DcwwZi
KviY Zxe M ei nq | Lvmx Kivbv nj D M `~ixf~Z nq | G Qvov QvMji gvsm Mgy I
my^v`y nq | LvmxKiYi dj Pvgovi bMZ gvbI ew cvq | Gi dj QvMj kv I bg ^fvei nq
Ges AbK QvMj GK cvjb mnRZi nq | 2-4 mvn eqm cvuVv evPvK Lvmx Kivbv Dg |
LvmxKiYi cwZmg~n
`yB cwZZ Avgvì LvmxKiY Kiv nq _vK t
1. e cwZ - evwWRvm KvUi viv Ges ivevi wis cwiq QvMjK Lvmx Kiv nq _vK | G
cwZZ kixi nZ m Mv AcmviY Kiv nq bv A_vr m Mv h_vvbB _vK |
2. gy/Lvjv cwZ - avivjv Qzwi/eW/vjcj Gi mvnvh mvwRKvj Acvikbi gvag G
cwZZ kixi nZ m Mv AcmviY Kiv nq |
mZKZv I cwiPhv
mvwRKvj Acvikb m Z h gkv, gvwQ ev cvKvgvKo bv em mRb mZKZv Aej^b KiZ
ne | Zvb mvjdvwbjvgvBW cvDWvi jvMvZ ne | mvuZmuZ I Acwivi vb LvmxK ivLv
hve bv | Kbv RvqMvi ee KiZ ne | cqvRb fUwibvwiqvbi civgk Abyhvqx LvmxK
GwUevqvwUK BbRKkb Ìqv hZ cvi |
gwWDj - 30 t
QvMji ^v eevcbv
ivM evwa QvMj Lvgvii AbZg cavb wZi KviY | jvfRbK fve QvMj cvjb KiZ nj
Lvgvii ^v eevcbvi Dci iZvivc KiZ ne | ivMi wei mgqgZ h_vh_ eev MnY
Kij Lvgvii wZ Govbv Ame nq ci | ZvB Lvgvii ivM cwZiva Kvhgi Dci mgwaK
iZ c`vb KiZ ne |
30.1 t my QvMji jYmg~n Ges Amy QvMj Pbvi cwZ
Dkt cwkYv_xì my QvMji jYmg~n Ges Amy QvMj Pbvi cwZ mK aviYv c`vb |
ARbt GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb my QvMji jYmg~n Ges Amy QvMj Pbvi cwZ mK AewnZ
neb |
my QvMji jYmg~n
QvMji bvK, gyL I PvL cwivi-cwiQb _vKe | PvLi Kvbvq wcuPzwU _vKe bv |
QvMj `jefve _vKe Ges `ji mv_ Pjvdiv Kie |
mviv kixii jvg Dj, gmY I PKPK _vKe |
gv_v memgq DuPz Ki Pje | bvKi AvMvq Nvg _vKe |
Kvb mRvM I Lvuov _vKe Ges jR ^vfvweKfve bo gkv gvwQ Zvove |
QvMji zav _vKe Ges me`vB wKQz bv wKQz LZ AvMn cKvk Kie |
Rvei KvUe |
cvwbi wccvmv ^vfvweK _vKe |
gj-g~ ^vfvwK isqi Ges wbqwgZ ne |
cvqy Aj _vKe cwiQb |
kv _vKe Ges AcwiwPZ Kvb wKQzi mv_ A^vfvweK AvPiY Kie bv |
Amy QvMj Pbvi cwZ

QvMji gyL I PvL wbR I welb ne | PvLi Kvbvq wcuPzwU _vKZ cvi |
QvMj `j _K mi axi axi Pjvdiv Kie A_ev Pzc Ki `vwoq _vKe |
gv_v bxPz ev Szj _vKe | Ri _vKj | bvKi AvMv Kbv I Mig _vKe |
QvMji zav Kg _vKe Ges Lv` MnY Abxnv cKvk Kie |
wekl wekl ivMi wekl jY _vKe hgb, wcwcAvi nj Wvqwiqv ev cvZjv
cvqLvbv, abysKvi nj kixi k nq hve Ges bovPov Kie bv, GK_vBgv nj Nv `Lv
hve, zivivM nj gyL, wRnevq I cvqi zi Zvb `Lv hve BZvw` |
gj-g~ AwbqwgZ Ges ^vfvweK ne bv |
Zxe/AwZ Zxe ivM AwiZv cKvk Kie |
30.2 t QvMji AcywRwbZ ivM I Zvi cwZKvi
Dkt cwkYv_xì QvMji AcywRwbZ ivM I Zvi cwZKvi mK aviYv c`vb |
ARbt GB cvV Aaqb kl QvMji AcywRwbZ ivM I Zvi cwZKvi mK aviYv cveb |
Lv` cqvRbxq cyw Dcv`vb cwigvbgZ bv _vKj D Lv` Lq QvMj AcywRwbZ ivMevwaZ
fyM _vK | wKQy wKQy cyw Dcv`v `wnK ewi Rb AwaK cwigvb cqvRb nq hgb: kKiv, Avwgl
I mn RvZxq Lv` | Avevi wKQy wKQy Dcv`vb Lye mvgvb cwigvb cqvRb nq | hgb wgbvij I
wfUvwgb | Gì cqvRb Lye mvgvb cwigvb njI Gi Afve evcK wZ nq | ZvB Acyw RwbZ
ivMevwa mK mvavib vb _vKv AvekK | wbg KqKwU Acyw RwbZ ivMevwa mK msc
AvjvKcvZ Kiv njv |
AwIgvjvwmqv t
kixi wfUvwgb wW Gi Afve nj, Kvjwmqvg I dmdivmi Afve nj ev Lv` Kvjwmqvg I
dmdivmi AbycvZ wVK bv _vKj AwIgvjvwmqv ivM nq | G ivM QvMji zavg`v `Lv hvq,
cvqi wMuov I RqU dzj hvq, `ya Drcv`b Kg hvq Ges wbK Aevq QvMj Pjvdiv KiZ
GgbwK `vovZ Ag nq co | AwIgvjvwmqv ivM Avv cvuVvK cRbb KgKv eenvi Kiv
hvq bv |
Acyw RwbZ ik~bZv t

kixi Avqibi Afve nj ik~bZv `Lv hvq | G Qvov Kcvi, Kvev I wfUvwgb-we Gi Afve
njI ik~bZv nq _vK | ciRxwei AvgbI QvMj ik~bZv `Lv w`Z cvi | G ivM QvMj
dvKvk nq hvq, zavg`v `Lv hvq, chvqg wKq hvq GgbwK gZzeiY KiZ cvi | mylg
Lv` c`vbi gvag ik~bZv Govbv me |
MqUvi ev MjM t
kixi AvqvwWbi Afve nj G ivM `Lv hvq | G ivM Mjv dzj hvq, cRbb AgZv `Lv `q
Ges `~ej evPv Rb nq | QvMji Lv` AvqvwWbhy jeb hvM Ki QvMjK LvIqvj Qvov Kcvi,
Kvev I wfUvwgb-we Gi Afve njI ik~bZv nq _vK | ciRxwei AvgbI QvMj ik~bZv
`Lv w`Z cvi | G ivM QvMj dvKvk nq hvq, zavg`v `Lv hvq, chvqg wKq hvq
GgbwK gZzeiY KiZ cvi | mylg Lv` c`vbi gvag ik~bZv Govbv me |
30.3 t QvMji ciRxweRwbZ ivM I Zvi cwZKvi

Dkt cwkYv_xì QvMji ciRxweRwbZ ivM I Zvi cwZKvi mK aviYv c`vb |
ARbt GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb QvMji ciRxweRwbZ ivM I Zvi cwZKvi mK aviYv cveb |
ciRxweRwbZ ivM QvMji cywi Afve NU | dj Drcv`b evavM nq | GKwU QvMj Lvgvi
mdjfve cwiPvjbv KiZ nj QvMjK AekB At ciRxwe I ewnt ciRxwei Avgb nZ gy
ivLZ ne | wbg QvMji KqKwU At ciRxwe I ewnt ciRxweRwbZ ivMevwa mK msc
AvjvKcvZ Kiv njv |
At ciRxwe ev KwgRwbZ ivM t
QvMji AtciRxweRwbZ ivM cavbZt dvwmIjv, cvivgwdvgvg, AvmKvwiqv, ngvbKvm, K
Iqvg, wmvmvgv, BmvdMvmUvgvg, UvBPzwiqv, UvBKvsMvBjvm cfwZ cRvwZi Kwg viv NU
_vK | Gme Kwgi Avgb kixi cywi Afve NU, ik~bZv `Lv hvq, IRb Kg hvq, zavg`v
NU, Avv A wZM nq Ges AwZ Zxe cKwZi ivM QvMji gZz ch NU _vK | QvMji
eqm GKgvmi AwaK nj cwZ Pvi gvm cici cvqLvbv cixv Ki fUwibvwiqvbi civgk Abyhvqx
Kwgi Jla LvIqvZ ne |
ewnt ciRxweRwbZ ivM t

DuKzb, AvVvjx, gvBU, gvwQ cfwZ KxUcZ QvMji ewntciRxweRwbZ ivMi cavb KviY | gvBUi
Avgb QvMji mviKvcwUK g, WgvWKwUK g, mvivcwUK g I KvwiIcwUK g Lvm
cvuPov ivM nq _vK | G ivM QvMji `wnK ew I Drcv`b hgb evavM nq Zgwb Gi Pvgovi
bMZ gvb Kg hvq | Bvm Iwfm cRvwZi gvwQi jvfvi Avgb QvMji bRvj wgqvwmm ivM nq
G ivM QvMji bvK PzjKvq, nvuwP nq, kvmK nq, Lv` MnY nvm cvq, QvMj `~ej nq co GgbwK
gvivI hvq | DuKzb I AvVvjx QvMji kixi nZ i Pzl Lvq | Gì AwZwi Avgb QvMj Awi
nq co, Lv` MnY Abxnv `Lvq, i k~bZvq fyM | ewnciRxweRwbZ ivM nZ QvMjK ivi
Rb GKRb Awf fUwibvwiqvbi civgk Abyhvqx Jla I c_ c`vb KiZ ne |
30.4 t QvMji wecvKxq ivM I Zvi cwZKvi

Dkt cwkYv_xì QvMji wecvKxq ivM I Zvi cwZKvi mK aviYv c`vb |
ARbt GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb QvMji wecvKxq ivM I Zvi cwZKvi mK aviYv cveb |
wKUvwmm t
QvMji MfaviYi kl w`K mvaviYZt evPv cmei KqKw`b c~e _K cmei ci KqK mvni
ga G ivM nq _vK | i MyKvRi cwigvb Kg nj, i BvRb nigvbi cwigvb eo
Mj, Lv` MnYi gvv Kg Mj, kKiv RvZxq Lvì wecvK mgmv nj QvMji ii ga
GwmUvb I wKUvb bvgK ivmvqwbK c`v_ Rg hvq | dj welwqv nq | GRb G ivMK
wKUvbwgqv I cMbw Uwwgqv bvgI AwfwnZ Kiv nq | G ivM QvMji zavg`v nq, Rvei KvUv
e nq hvq, Avv QvMxi kvm ckvm GwmUvbi M cvIqv hvq, AwiZv `Lv `q, gvsm wLuPzwb
i nq, nvUv Pjvq A^vfvweKZv `Lv `q, VvuU Kvuc, PvL Nyivq, AbK mgq QvMj A nq hvq|
AwZ Zxe ivM q co Ges gZzeiY Ki | GKRb Awf fUwibvwiqvbi civgk Abyhvqx
Avv QvMjK Jla I c_ c`vb KiZ ne |
`yRi/wg wdfvi t
evPv cmei wKQyw`b c~e nZ wKQyw`b ci ch mgq Kvjwmqvgi Afve QvMxZ G ivM `Lv
hvq| G ivM QvMxi cvNvZi gZ Aev nq, QvMx Nvo Nywiq Aek nq q co, Avb I
cvivjvBRW nq hvq Ges kixii Zvcgvv Kg hvq | wPwKrmv bv Kivj 12-24 NUvi ga QvMj
gviv hvq | GKRb Awf fUwibvwiqvbi civgk Abyhvqx AvvQvMjK Jla I c_ c`vb KiZ
ne |
Mvm wUUvwb t
Lv` gvMbwmqvgi Afve _vKji QvMji G ivM nq | G ivMK nvBcvgvMbmwgqvI ejv nq|
G ivM QvMj Gjvgjvfve cv dj, gvsmckxi Kvhg wbqY nvwiq dj, wLuPzwb `Lv `q
Ges K`xq mvqyZ APj nq hvq | ekx Avv nj jY cKvki c~eB QvMj gviv hvq | GKRb
Awf fUwibvwiqvbi civgk Abyhvqx Avv QvMjK Jla I c_ c`vb KiZ ne |
30.5 t QvMji evKUwiqv I fvBivmRwbZ ivM I Zvi cwZKvi

Dkt cwkYv_xì QvMji evKUwiqv I fvBivmRwbZ I Zvi cwZKvi mK aviYv c`vb |
ARbt GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb QvMji evKUwiqv I fvBivmRwbZ I Zvi cwZKvi mK aviYv
cveb |
30.5.1 t Ijvb c`vn/gvvBwUm

evKUwiqv, fvBivm, gvBKvcvRgv, dvsMvm mn 18-20 aiYi Rxevby viv `y & eZx QvMji
gvvBwUm ev Ijvb c`vn ivM nq _vK | G ivM QvMxi Ijvb jvj nq dzj hvq, k nq hvq,
nvZ w`q k Kij Mig Abyf~Z nq, `ya `vnb Kij cv `yai Zjvwb co, `ya Drcv`b Kg
hvq, `yai ^v` jebv nZ cvi, Zxe cKwZi ivM Ijvbi wfZi cyuR nq | ci `yai mv_ i
Avm I `yM nq | Ijvb I evU ev_v nq `ya `vnb KiZ ev evPvK Ub LZ w`Z Pvq bv |
GKRb Awf fUwibvwiqvbi civgk Abyhvqx Avv QvMjK wPwKrmv c`vb KiZ ne | G ivM
cwZivai Rb wbgi eev MnY Kiv evbxq t
- gvS gvS Ijvbi cZK KvqvUvii `ya Kvjv Kvco wbq cixv Ki `LZ
ne Kvb Zjvwb, cyuR ev i AvQ wKbv, `yai is cwieZb nqQ wKbv |
- QvMxK Mv`vMvw` ev VvmvVvwm Ki ivLv hve bv | cmei AvM I ci QvMxK mgZj
I big cwivi cwiQb vb ivLZ ne |
- `ya `vnbi mgq nvZ cwivi Ki wbZ ne | cqvRb mvevb ev Kvwib mwjDkb
eenvi Kiv hZ cvi |
- eo QvMj QvbvK Ijvb _K `ya Pzl LZ Ìqv hve bv |
30.5.2 t abysKvi/wUUbvm
h Kvb Acvikb, LvmxKiY, evPv cmei mgq QvMxZ ev QvMj Qvbvi bvfxZ Z mw nj D
Z hw` KvwwWqvg wUUvwb bvg evKUwiqvi msgb NU ZLb wUUbvm ivM nq | G ivM
Avv QvMji Pvqvj, Mjv I `ni Abvb Aski gvsmckx k nq hvq | `vuZi gvwoi
gvsmckx k nq hvIqvi dj `vuZ jM hvq ej QvMj LZ cvi bv | wLuPzwb `Lv hvq, gyL
_K jvjv Si, c_g w`K `ni Zvcgvv eo hvq Ges kl w`K Zvcgvv Kg hvq, `n k
nq euK hvq, cv I Nvuo k nq hvq ej AvvQvMj Pjvdiv KiZ cvibv GgbwK `vovZI
cvibv | Zxe AvvQvMj KqKw`bi ga gviv hvq |
GKRb Awf fUwibvwiqvbi civgk Abyhvqx wUUbvm Avv QvMjK wPwKrmv c`vb KiZ ne |
G ivM cwZivai Rb wbgi eev MnY Kiv evbxq t
- LvuRvKiY, bvwo KZb, jvg KvUvmn h Kvb aiYi Acvikbi mgq QvMjK
Anti tetanus serum/Tetanus Toxoid BbRKkb KiZ ne |
- WUj, mfjb cfwZ GwUmcwUK w`q Zvb cwivi-cwiQb ivLZ ne |
- GK eQi cici `yBevi QvMxK Tetanus Toxoid BbRKkb c`vb Kij G
ivMi AvksKv AbK Kg hve |
30.5.3 t ZoKv/Gvb_v
evwmjvm Gvb_vwmm bvg GK aiYi evKUwiqv viv G ivM nq | G ivM Avv QvMj jY
cKvki AvMB AbK mgq gviv hvq | QvMj UjZ UjZ co wMq nvucvZ _vK, wLuPzwb `Lv hvq
Ges gviv hvq | kixii Zvcgvv eo hvq (103-107 wWwM dvibnvBU), LvIqv `vIqv e Ki
`q, Rvei KvU bv, kvm K nq, bvK gyL w`q jvjv co, cU dzj IV, i wgwkZ cvqLvbv nq |
ivMi ZxeZv ewi mv_ mv_ gj Kvjv nZ nZ AvjKvZivi gZ nq hvq | giv QvMji bvK I
gyL w`q i wgwkZ dbv ei nq |
ZoKv GKwU gvivZK evwa | ivM jY `Lv Ìqvi mv_ mv_ ìx bv Ki GKRb Awf
fUwibvwiqvbi civgk Abyhvqx ZoKv Avv QvMjK wPwKrmv c`vb KiZ ne | G ivM
cwZivai Rb wbgi eev MnY Kiv evbxq t
- gZ QvMjK gvwUZ cywoq djZ ne ev gvwUi MZ Pzb ev wewPs cvDWvi w`q Zvi
Dci gZ`n iL gZ`ni Dci Avevi Pzb ev wewPs cvDWvi w`q gvwU Pvcv w`Z
ne |
- Kvb AevZB gZ QvMji Pvgov Qvovbv hve bv | KviY Pvgov G ivMi Rxevby
enb Ki |
- Avv cvwY ev gZ`n Kvb AevZB eeQ` Kiv hve bv |
- gZ QvMji eeZ mKj wRwbm cyo djZ ne |
- jY cKvk cvIqvi mv_ mv_ Avv cvwYK c_K Ki wPwKrmv w`Z ne |
- Amy QvMjK wew Kiv hve bv | Amy QvMjK GK vb nZ Ab vb PjvPj
Kivbv hve bv |
- my QvMjK wbqwgZ (1 eQi ci ci) Gvb_v ivMi wUKv c`vb KiZ ne |
30.5.4 t GUvivUwwgqv
KvwwWqvg cRvwZi evKUwiqv m Uwb viv GUvivUwwgqv ivM `Lv `q | cPv I `yMhy
Lvè G ivM mwZ f~wgKv ivL | G ivM Avv QvMj kixii fvi enb KiZ cvi bv,
PviYf~wgZ nvUZ nvUZ KvucZ _vK, wLuPzwb `Lv hvq, gyL w`q jvjv Si. cU dzj DV, Wvqwiqv
nq | Zxe cKwZi ivM nVvr Kvcywb w`q gviv hvq | ivM jY `Lv Ìqvi mv_ mv_ ìx bv
Ki GKRb Awf fUwibvwiqvbi civgk Abyhvqx GUvivUwwgqv Avv QvMjK wPwKrmv c`vb
KiZ ne | G ivM cwZivai Rb QvMjK cwivi cwiQb vb ivLZ ne Ges we Lvevi I
cvwb c`vb KiZ ne |
30.5.5 t zivivM
zivivM QvMji GKwU QvuqvP msvgK ivM | G ivM gZzi nvi Kg njI Drcv`b gvivZK
wZM nq | G ivM Avv QvMxi `ya Drcv`b Kg hvq, MfeZx QvMxi MfcvZ nq, kixi Kvucywb
w`q Ri Avm, gyL nZ jvjv Si, gyLi wfZii c`vq, wRnevq, `vuZi gvwoZ, zii dvuK
GgbwK Ijvb dvv co | gyL Nvqi KviY QvMj LZ cvi bv, dj `~ej nq co | zi Nv
nIqvq Lyuwoq Lyuwoq nvU | Avv Z gvwQ wWg cvoj cvKv nZ cvi | evPv QvMj G ivM
nj nvU Avv nq gviv hvq |
G ivMi jY `Lv w`j GKRb Awf fUwibvwiqvbi civgk Abyhvqx Avv QvMjK c_K
Ki mvcvwUf wPwKrmv c`vb KiZ ne | Kzmyg Mig cvwbZ wdUwKwi ev cUvwmqvg cvigvvbU
j gyLi I cvqi Nv fvjfve cwivi KiZ ne | QvMji Ni 2% Avqvmvb ev Abvb
wWmBbdKUvU viv cwivi KiZ ne | ivMvv QvMji gj g~, weQvbv I eeZ DwQ
Lv`è gvwUZ cyuZ ev cywoq djZ ne | gZ QvMjK MZ Ki gvwUZ cyuZ djZ ne | Kvb
AevZB gZ QvMji Pvgov Qvovbv hve bv Ges c_ NvU djv hve bv | Amy QvMjK vbvi
Kiv hve bv Ges evRvi wew Kiv hve bv |
30.5.6 t wcwcAvi
wcwcAvi QvMji GKwU gvivZK ivM | G ivMi Rxevby QvMji `n ceki 4-5 w`b ci ivMi
jY cKvk cvq | `Z wPwKrmv bv Kivj QvMj gviv hZ cvi | G ivM Avv QvMji kixii
Zvcgvv eo hvq, bvK w`q kv Si Ges bvKi wfZi kv Rg hvq, cvZjv cvqLvbv ev
Wvqwiqv `Lv `q, wRnev, `vuZi gvwo, gvRj I gyLi wfZi Nv nq, gji is Mvp ev`vgx nq Ges
gji mv_ gvS gvS i wgkvbv wgDKvm Avm | kvm K, Kvwk cfwZ wbDgvwbqvi jY `Lv
hvq | wPwKrmvq wej^ nj 5-10 w`bi ga QvMj gviv hvq | GKRb Awf fUwibvwiqvbi
civgk Abyhvqx wcwcAvi Avv QvMjK wPwKrmv c`vb KiZ ne | G ivM cwZivai Rb
cwZlaK wUKv eenvi Kiv cqvRb | evPvi 4 gvm eqm wUKv c`vb KiZ nq | AbK mgq SzuwK
GovZ evPvi 2 gvm eqm wUKv Ìqv nj cybivq 4 gvm eqm eyvi WvR w`j fvj dj cvIqv
hvq | Gkevi wUKv w`j 1 eQi ch ivM cwZiva gZv _vK |
30.5.3 t GK_vBgv/VvuUi Z ivM

KUvwRqvm GK_vBgv nQ QvMji GKwU fvBivmRwbZ msvgK ivM | G ivM Avv QvMji
bvK I gyLi Pviw`K dzmKzwo nq | VvuU I gvwoZ Zi mw nq | Zi Dci giv Pvgovi AveiY
_vK hv mwiq w`j jvj Z `Lv hvq | Zi Rb VvuU dzj hvq | AbK mgq PvL, Ijvb,
gjvi I cvqi Lyii Dcii Pvgovq dzmKzwo Qwoq co | dvv dU Zij AvVvj c`v_ SiZ
_vK Ges c`vn nq | AbK mgq GB Z Abvb evKUwiqv viv mswgZ nq ivM RwUj AvKvi
aviY Ki | GKRb Awf fUwibvwiqvbi civgk Abyhvqx KUvwRqvm GK_vBgv Avv QvMjK
wPwKrmv c`vb KiZ ne | Avv Z wdUwKwi w`q ayq djZ ne | Avv vb wg_vBj ey ev
wvj fvqvjU eenvi Kiv hZ cvi | G ivM cwZivai Rb QvMj Qvbvi 1-2 w`b eqm 1g
WvR, 10-14 w`b eqm 2q WvR Ges 3 gvm ci 3q WvR cwZlaK wUKv cqvM Kiv cqvRb |
30.5.3 t MvUc
MvU nQ QvMji GKwU AbZg gvivZK fvBivmRwbZ QvuqvP msvgK ivM | G ivM Avv
QvMji Ri nq | PvL I bvK w`q cvwb co, gyL w`q jvjv Si | Avv QvMji mviv kixi
dvv co | mvaviYZt gyLi Pvicvk, bvK, gvRj, gyLi wfZi `vuZi gvwoZ, Kvb, Mjvq,
Ijvb I evuU ckg Kg Ggb RvqMvq emi wU ev dvv `Lv hvq | em ivM `Lv w`j GKRb
Awf fUwibvwiqvbi civgk Abyhvqx em Avv QvMjK wPwKrmv c`vb KiZ ne | Avv
Z GwUevqvwUK cvDWvi ev KwUmvb wg jvMvbv hZ cvi | ivMi jY `Lv Ìqvi mv_
mv_ Amy QvMjK cvj _K Avjv`v Ki djZ ne | my QvMjK MvU c wUKv c`vb KiZ
ne |
30.6 t fvwbkb/wUKv`vb
Dk t cwkYv_xì QvMji fvwbkb/ wUKv`vb mK cv_wgK aviYv c`vb |
ARb t GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb fvwbkb/ wUKv`vb mK cv_wgK aviYv jvf Kieb |
ivM wbivgqi Pq ivM cwZiva Dg | ivM cwZivai GKwU iZcY~ nvwZqvi nQ fvwb ev
cwZlaK wUKv | Kvb my cvbxK ivM nIqvi c~eB GKwU wbw` ivMi wUKv c`vbi gvag D
ivM nZ gy ivLvi cwZK fvwbkb ej | GB ivM cwZiva gZv GKwU wbw` mgqi Rb
Mo IV | GB ivM cwZiva gZv KLbI KqK gvmi Rb Mo IV, Avevi KLbI KqK eQi
nZ AvRxebKvj nZ cvi |
fvwbkbi mvaviY wbqgvejx
- my mej cvYxK fvwb c`vb KiZ ne | Amy cvYxK fvwb c`vb Kiv wbivc` bq |
- ciRxwe Avv cvYxZ fvwb fvj KvR Ki bv | ZvB fvwb cqvMi c~e cvYxK
ciRxwe gy Ki wbZ ne |
- miKvix cwZvb ev Ab Kvb fvj Kvvbx nZ fvwb msMn Ki gqv` DxY nIqvi
c~e fvwb cqvM KiZ ne | gqv`vxY fvwb Kvb KvR Avm bv eis Zv wZKi|
- fvwb jvbvi Rb wWw IqvUvi ev cvwZZ cvwb eenvi KiZ ne | cyKzi, b`xbvjv,
Uvc I bjK~ci cvwb eenvi Kij fvwbi KvhKvixZv b nq hZ cvi |
- cvwbZ jvbv fvwb wbw` mgqi ga eenvi Ki djZ ne (jvbvi mevP 1
NUvi ga fvwb eenvi KiZ ne) |
- fvwb wb`kbvbyhvqx h_vh_fve msiY KiZ ne | cwienbi mgq _vgvdv
cwienb KiZ ne |
- cZKviKi wb`kbvgZ fvwb cqvM KiZ ne |
fvwb cqvM cwZ
wewfb aiYi fvwb cZKviKi wb`kbvbyhvqx kixii wewfb vb wewfb cwZZ cqvM KiZ
nq | mvaviYZt h mKj cwZZ fvwb cqvM Kiv nq mjv njv t
- gvsmckxZ BbRKkb
- Pvgovi wbP BbRKkb
- wkivq BbRKkb
- Lv` ev cvwbi mv_ wgwkq cqvM
- c ev Gvivmji gvag evZvm Qwoq kvm ckvmi mv_
- PvL Wc
- gyL LvIqvbv BZvw` |
fvwbi KvhKvixZv Kg hvIqv ev b nIqvi KviY
- fvwbi gqv` DxY nj
- Amy cvbxK fvwb c`vb Kij
- cvwUb WwdwmqwZ fyMQ wKsev ibZvq fyMQ Ggb cvYxZ fvwb Kij
- RxweZ Rxevby viv Zix fvwbi Rxevbyjv gviv Mj
- fvwb jvbvi Rb wWw IqvUvi eenvi bv Ki Awbivc` cvwb eenvi Kij
- fvwb cqvM Kivi hcvwZ cwivi I Rxevbygy bv nj
- h Rxevbyi wei fvwb Ìqv njv fvwb H Rxevbyi GwURb viv Zix bv nj
- cZKviKi wb`wkZ gvvq fvwb cqvM Kiv bv nj
fvwbkbi mZKZv
- Amy cvYxK Kvb AevZB fvwb c`vb Kiv hve bv
- cqvMi c~e cZKviKi wb`kbv fvjgZ co wbZ ne | wb`kbvbyhvqx wbavwiZ
gvvq wb`wkZ vb fvwb cqvM KiZ ne
- `ywU fvwb cqvMi gaeZx weiwZKvj Kgc 2 mvn ne
- MfeZx QvMjK wRwUwf `qv hve bv
30.7 t QvMji ivM cwZiva KwZcq AvekKxq wUKvi weeiYt
Dk t cwkYv_xì QvMji ivM cwZiva KwZcq AvekKxq wUKv mK aviYv c`vb |

ARb t GB cvV Aaqb kl QvMji ivM cwZiva KwZcq AvekKxq wUKv mK aviYv jvf
Kieb |
wUKvi bvg wUKv cqvMi eqm cieZx wUKv wUKv cqvMi wUKv cqvMi
cqvMi mgq vb gvv/cwigvb
wcwcAvi wUKv 4 gvm 1 eQi ci Pvgovi wbP 1 wg.wj
zivivM wUKv 3 gvm Pvgovi wbP 2 wg.wj.
MvU c wUKv 5 gvm Pvgovi wbP
RjvZsK wUKv 4 gvm (evPvi gvK wUKv 1 eQi ci Pvgovi wbP ev 1 wg.wj
(iwewmb) Ìqv bv nj) gvsmckxZ
9 gvm gvm (evPvi gvK
wUKv Ìqv nj)
Gvb_v wUKv Pvgovi wbP 1 wg.wj
Mjvdzjv wUKv Pvgovi wbP
wUUbvm wUKv cmei c~e QvMxK Ges - gvsmckxZ 1 wg.wj.
(wUUbvm UqW) cmei ci evPvK
emjvwmm wUKv Pvgovi wbP
GUviv Uwwgqv wUKv 6 gvm Pvgovi wbP
KUvwRqvm GK_vBgv 1-3 w`b (1g WvR), 10- 3 gvm (3q
wUKv 14 w`b (2q WvR) WvR), 12 gvm
(cieZx WvR)
Uwej 30-1t QvMji wewfb wUKvi weeiY
gwWDj - 31 t
wekl cwZZ QvMj cvjb
1
31.1 t mwg BUbwmf cwZZ QvMj cvjb t
Dk t cwkYv_xì mwg BUbwmf cwZZ QvMj cvjb mK aviYv c`vb |

ARb t GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb mwg BUbwmf cwZZ QvMj cvjb mK aviYv jvf
Kieb |
31.1.1 t mwg BUbwmf cwZZ QvMj cvjbi myweav t
mwg BUbwmf/Avav wbweo cwZZ Lvgvi 20 ev ZZvwaK msLK QvMj cvjb Kiv nq | Lvgvixi
wewbqvM I BQvi Dci GB msLv wbfikxj | G cwZZ QvMjK w`bi ejvq cvKwZK cwiek
Lvgvii wbR^ f~wgZ Pivbv nq Ges ivZi ejvq Ni Ave Aevq ivLv nq | QvMji cyw Pvwn`v
gUvbvi Rb `vbv`vi Lv` I KvPv Nvm mieivn Kiv nq |
mwg BUbwmf cwZZ QvMj cvjbi myweavmg~n wbgic t

1. GB cwZZ cvjb Kij QvMj KZK Abi Zi wZmvabi mvebv _vK bv ej
evsjv`ki eZgvb cvcU GB cwZ wekl DchvMx |
2. GB cwZZ QvMjK Dchy evmvb I Dchy Lv` c`vb Kiv nq
3. Lv` I ^v eevcbvi cQb ekx wewbqvM Kiv nq ej GB cwZZ Drcv`b AvkveK
nq |
4. GB cwZZ cRbb eevcbvi gvag cwiKwZ wewWs Kiv nq
5. ^v eevcbvi gvag ivM evwa wbqYi cwiKbv Kiv nq
6. wewbqvMi Dci Avq wbfikxj | wewbqvM hZ ekx ne A_vr hZ ekx msLvq QvMj cvjb
Kiv ne AvqI mB AbycvZ ekx ne |
31.1.2 t mwg BUbwmf cwZZ QvMji evmNii vb wbevPb t
jvfRbKfve Lvgvi KiZ nj QvMji Rb cwivi, , `yMgy, D, chv Avjv I evq~

PjvPjKvix cwiek iqQ Ggb Avevmb cqvRb | Acwivi mvuZmuZ, e, AKvi I cyuwZMgq
cwiek QvMji wewfb ivM evjvB nZ cvi | dj `wnK IRb ewi nvi, `ya c`vbi cwigvb
Ges evPv Drcv`bi nvi Kg hvq |
mwg BUbwmf cwZZ QvMji evmNii vb wbevPb weeP welqmg~n t

- QvMji evmMn I DuPz vb wbgvb Kiv ìKvi |
- Ni Avjv-evZvm XvKvi eev _vKv cqvRb |
- Nii gS me mgq I cwivi ivLvi eev Kiv DwPr |
- Dg cvwb wbvkbi eev _vKZ ne |
- QvMji Ni c~e cwg j^v jw^ `wY w`K Lvjv _vKj fvj |
- Lvgvii wZbw`K Niv cwiek wekl Ki Di w`K MvQcvjv jvMvZ ne |
31.1.3 t mwg BUbwmf cwZZ QvMji evmNi wbgvb t
AvqZb
mwg BUbwmf cwZZ QvMjK mvaviYZt 14-16 NUv mgq Ni Ave ivLv nq | GRb GB
cwZZ GKwU QvMji Rb 8-9 eM dzU RvqMvi cqvRb nq | A_vr 16 x 12 eMdzU Ni 24 wU
eq QvMj ivLv hvq | cwZwU evo evPvi Rb Mo 5-7 eMdU RvqMvi cqvRb nq |
evmNii aiY
mwg BUbwmf cwZZ cvjbi Rb QvMji Ni Qb, MvjcvZv, Lo, wUbv ev BUi Zix nZ cvi|
Nii wfZi evuk ev KvVi gvPv Zix Ki Zvi Dci QvMjK ivLZ ne | gvPvi DPZv 5 dzU ne
Ges gvPv _K Qvì DPZv ne 6-8 dzU | Mvei I ckve covi myweav_ gvPvi gSZ evuki
PUv ev KvVK 1 Bw dvuKv ivLZ ne | kxZi mgq gvPvi Dci 4-5 Bw cyi Loi ewWs wewQq
w`Z ne |
evmNii webvm
wewfb eqmi Ges wewfb aiYi QvMjK wfb wfb fve ivLv DwPr | cvVvK memgq QvMx nZ c_K
ivLv DwPr| `yeZx, MfeZx I QvMxK GKmv_ ivLv hZ cvi | QvMj QvbvK 1 gvm eqm
ch gv QvMxi mv_ ivLv DwPr | evo QvMj I LvmxK GKmv_ ivLv hZ cvi Ze ZvìK
c_Kfve LvIqvZ ne |
ewWs cb
evuki LvuPv ev KvVi LvuPvK ewWs cb wnmve eenvi Kiv hZ cvi | Gi Pvicvk Qvjv ev PUi
ev w`q XvKv _vKe | LvuPvi gSZ 4-5 Bw cyi Lo weQvbv _vKe | 60 x 56 x 60 Nb
m.wg. AvqZbi ewWs cb 2 wU QvMxmn 4-6 wU evPv ivLv hvq | Zvcgv 15 wWwM mjwmqvmi
bxP bvgj LvuPv cwZ 1 wU 100 IqvUi evj Rvwjq Zvcgvv 20-25 wWwM mjwmqvm ivLv hvq |
31.1.4 t mwg BUbwmf cwZZ QvMji Lv` eevcbv t
mwg BUbwmf cwZZ QvMji Lvì cwigvb I bMZ gvb wbfi KI PviY f~wgZ cv Nvmi
cwigvb I bMZ gvbi Dci | eqm I Drcv`bi wfwZ G cwZZ QvMji Lv` eevcbv
wbgic t
K) QvMj Qvbvi Kjvg I `ya LvIqvbv t
mvaviYZt evK ej QvMji evPvi IRb Rbi mgq 0.8-1.5 KwR nq | Rbi ciciB QvMj
QvbvK Kjvg ev kvj `ya LvIqvZ ne | kvj `ya evPvi `n ivM cwZiva gZv Zix Ki |
cwZ KwR `wnK IRbi Rb QvMj QvbvK 150-200 Mvg kvj `ya LvIqvZ ne | GB cwigvb `ya
w`b 8-10 evi LvIqvZ ne | kvj `ya LvIqvZ ìx nj nRg mgmv nq | `yB ev ZZvwaK
evPv nj cZKB hb kvj `ya cvq Zv wbwZ KiZ ne | QvMj Qvbv mvaviYZt 2-3 gvmi ga
`ya LvIqv Qo `q | Rb nZ wZb gvm eqm ch QvMj QvbvK wbgv nvi Lv` c`vb Kiv DwPrt
eqm (mvn) cwZ KwR `wnK IRbi cwZ KwR `wnK IRbi KvPv Nvm
Rb QvMji `ya Rb `vbv`vi Lv`
LvIqvbvi cwigvb LvIqvbvi cwigvb
0-2 200 Mvg mvgvb cwigvb mvgvb cwigvb
3-4 150 Mvg mvgvb cwigvb mvgvb cwigvb
5-6 150 Mvg 20 Mvg mvgvb cwigvb
7-8 130 Mvg 40 Mvg Pvwn`v Abyhvqx
Uwej-31.1 t QvMj Qvbvi eqm wfwK Lv` mieivn
evK ej RvZi GKwU QvMx GK mv_ 3-4 wU evPv cme Ki | wK QvMxi `yai evU `ywU nIqvq
mejv evPv GKmv_ gvqi `ya LZ cvq bv | dj AcvKZ `~ej evPv AviI `~ej nq co |
G QvMj QvbvK wbgv wgkY Abyhvqx wg wicmvi LvIqvbv hZ cvi |
Dcv`vb cwigvb (%)
bbxgy ov `ya (wg wg) cvDWvi 70
Pvj,Mg ev f~vi ov 20
mqvweb Zj 7
jeb 1.5
WvB-Kvjwmqvg dmdU 1
wfUvwgb wgbvij wcwg 0.5
Uwej-31.2t wg wicmvii wewfb Dcv`vb
D wgkYi GKfvM, bq fvM D (39-40 wWMx mjwmqvm) cvwbi mv_ wgwkq fvjgZ dzUvbvi ci
Vvv Ki QvMj QvbvK LvIqvZ ne |
L) wKW vUvi t
QvMj Qvbvi `vbv`vi Lv` wgkY Kg Avuk, DP cvwUb Ges DP wecvKxq kw _vKZ ne | wbg
QvMj Qvbvi wKW vUvi Gi KqKwU mve wgkY `qv njv t
Dcv`vb wgkY-1 wgkY-1 wgkY-1
Mg/Pvj/f~v fvv 25.0 25.0 25.0
gvmKvjvB/Lmvix fvv 25.0 25.0 25.0
Mgi f~wl/Pvji Kzov 25.0 25.0 25.0
wZji Lj 10.0 5.0 -
mqvweb Lj 8.0 10.0 17.0
UwK gvQi ov - 2.0 -
wPUvo 4.0 5.0 5.0
mqvweb Zj 1.0 1.0 1.0
jeb 1.0 1.0 1.0
WvB-Kvjwmqvg dmdU 0.5 0.5 0.5
Uwej-31.3 t wKW (0-3 gvm) vUvii mve wgkY (%)
M) meyR Nvm t
QvMj Qvbvi 15 w`b eqm nZ A A Ki `vbv`vi Lv` Ges Avuk RvZxq Lvevi (KvuPv Nvm, MvQi
cvZv cfwZ) LvIqvbvi Afvm KivZ ne | gvUvgywU GKgvmi ga cvKjx I Ai Rxevbyi
gvag QvMj Qvbv Nvm nRg KiZ cvi | G mgq QvMj QvbvK KwP Nvm I cvZv LvIqvbv hZ
cvi | QvMj Qvbv G mgq 200-300 Mvg Nvm/cvZv LZ cvi |
N) evo QvMji Lv` eevcbv t
QvMji evoKvjxb mgq h me QvMj cRbb ev gsm Drcv`bi KvR eeZ ne Zvì Lv` I
cyw Pvwn`v h_vh_fve c~iY KiZ ne | `ya Qvovbvi ci _K cvuP gvm ch mgq chv cvwUb
mg `vbv`vi I Avuk RvZxq Lv` w`Z ne | QvMj mvaviYZt Zvi IRbi 4-5% nvi c`v_
Lq _vK | Uwej-29.1 G evo QvMji `wbK Lv` mieivni ZvwjKv Ìqv nqQ | `vbv`vi
Lvì cwigvb meyR Nvmi cvcZv Ges bMZ gvbi Dci wbfikxj |
31.1.5 t mwg BUbwmf cRbbg cvuVvi Lv` eevcbv t
cvuVvi Lv` eevcbv evo QvMj I `yavjv QvMxi gZB | Ze cRbb Kvhg mnvqZvi Rb cwZwU
cvuVvK `wbK 10 Mvg MvuRvbv Qvjv `qv cqvRb | Kvb fveB cvuVvi kixi Pwe RgZ `qv DwPr
bq | cqvRb Lv` wbqY Kiv hZ cvi | 28-30 KwR IRbi GKwU cvuVvK `wbK 400 Mvg
Ki `vbv`vi Lv` c`vb KiZ ne |
31.1.6 t mwg BUbwmf cwZZ MfeZx I `yeZx QvMji Lv` eevcbv t
my, mej I ^vevb evPv Drcv`bi j QvMxK MfKvjxb mgq Dchy cwigvb DbZgvbi
Lvevi Ges Dchy hZ bIqv Riix | G mgq QvMxK ^vfvweK Lvì cvkvcvwk wfUvwgb I
wgbvij mieivn KiZ ne| Mf Yi `ni `yB ZZxqvsk ew NU MfaviYi kl mvn | ZvB
Gmgq Avwgli Pvwn`v wZbb nq | Gmgq Yi ew I QvMxi bi ewi Rb chv cwigvb
DbZ gvbi Lvevi w`Z ne |
cmei ci QvMxi cqvRbi Dci j iL Lvì cwigvb cqvRb Abymvi ew Kiv AvekK |
Mvfxi `yai Pq QvMxi `ya cvwUb I Pwei kZKiv cwigvb ewk _vK weavq `yeZx QvMxK chv
cwigvb cvwUb I dvU mg Lvevi c`vb KiZ ne | `yeZx QvMxi nvBcvKvjmwgqv cwZiva
Kivi Rb Lv` cqvRbxq cwigvb Kvjwmqvg mieivn KiZ ne | `yeZx QvMxi `wbK Lv`
mieivni ZvwjKv Uwej 29-2 G `Lvbv nqQ |
31.1.7 t mwg BUbwmf cwZZ QvMji gvV Pivbv t
mwg BUbwmf cwZZ QvMjK Ni `vbv`vi Lv` c`vbi mv_ mv_ gvV Pwiq cqvRbxq
cwigvb Nvm LvIqvbv DwPr | fvj PviY f~wgZ cwZ ni 80-100 wU QvMj Pivbv hvq | PviY
f~wgZ `yev, ivRx, cvjv cfwZ RvZi Nvm jvMvbv hZ cvi | G Qvov AwZwi Nvm mieivni
Rb Avjv`vfve bwcqvi, bwWWv BZvw` Nvmi Pvl Kiv hZ cvi | G Qvov elvKvj Nvmi
mv_ gvmKvjvB wQwUq w`j Nvmi Lv`gvb AbK eo hvq | kxZKvj chv Nvm cvIqv hvq bv
weavq QvMjK BDwiqv gvjvmm (BDGgGm) LvIqvbv hZ cvi |
BDGgGm Zixi cYvjxt
DcKiY-
1| 2-3 Bw Ki KvUv Lo - 10 KwR,
2| cvwb - 6 wjUvi
3| wPUvo - 2.2 KwR
4| BDwiqv - 300 Mvg
c_g cvwb, wPUvo I BDwiqv wgwkq D wgkY Loi mv_ fvjfve wgwkq w`Z ne | BDwiqv
wPUvo wgkvbv Lo cwZw`b QvMj cwZ 0.5-1.0 KwR w`Z ne | Ze Gfve Lo LvIqvbvi Rb
QvMjK axi axi Af Ki wbZ ne |
31.2 t j wdwWs cwZZ QvMj cvjb 2 t

QvMjK gvV bv Qo m~Y Ave Aevq evmvb, Lv` I ^v eecvbv Abymvi QvMj cvjbi
cvKR chyw njv j wdwWs chyw |
31.2.1 t j wdwWs cwZZ cvjbi Rb QvMj wbevPb
j wdwWs cwZZ Lvgvi Kivi Dk ^vfvweK I ivM gy evK ej RvZi 6-15 gvm eqmx
QvMx Ges 5-7 eqmx cvuVv msMn KiZ ne | QvMj msMn Kvj 29.1 bs Aaq ewYZ welqmg~n
weePbvq Gb QvMj wbevPb KiZ ne |
31.2.2 t j wdwWs cwZZ QvMji Ni
j wdwWs cwZZ cvjbi Rb cwZwU eq QvMji Rb cvq 10 eM dzU Nii RvqMv cqvRb nq|
NiwU evuk, KvV ev BUi Zix nZ cvi | Ni wbgvbi mgq 28.3 bs Aaq ewYZ welqmg~n
weePbvq Gb Ni wbgvb KiZ ne | NiwU evuki Zix nj kxZi ivZ Nii eov PU w`q XK
w`Z ne Ges gSZ Lo wewQq w`Z ne |
31.2.3 t j wdwWs cwZZ QvMjK Ni _vKZ AfKiY

j wdwWs cwZZ cvjbi Rb msMnxZ QvMjK msMni mv_ mv_B m~Y Ave Aevq ivL
DwPr bq | c_g QvMjK w`b 6-8 NUv Pwiq evKx mgq Ave Aevq iL chv Lv` (Nvm I
`vbv`vi) mieivn KiZ ne | Gfe 1-2 mvni ga Pivbvi mgq chvqg Kwgq m~Y Ave
Aevq ivLZ ne | Ze QvMj QvbvK evPv eqm _K Ave Aevq ivLj GB aiYi Af
KiYi cqvRb bB |
31.2.4 t j wdwWs cwZZ QvMji evPvi cwiPhv
Rbi ciciB QvMj QvbvK cwivi Ki kvj `ya LvIqvZ ne | GK gvm eqm ch QvMj QvbvK
w`b 10-12 evi `ya LvIqvZ ne | evPvi Pvwn`vi Zzjbvq gv QvMxZ `ya Kg _vKj cqvRb Ab
QvMxi `ya evPvK LvIqvZ ne | G Qvov QvMxi `ya cvIqv bv Mj weK `ya ev wg wicmvi
LvIqvZ ne (Uwej-31.2) | `ya LvIqvbvi AvM wdWvi, wbcjmn AvbylwK wRwbmc cvwbZ
dzwUq Rxevbygy Ki wbZ ne | GK nZ ò KwR IRbi GKwU QvMj Qvbvi `wbK 250-300
Mvg `ya cqvRb | IRb ewi mv_ mv_ `yai cwigvb ew KiZ ne | evPvi eqm 2-3 gvm nj
evPv `ya LvIqv Qo wè | mvaviYZt evK ej QvMxK cqvRbgZ LvIqvj evPvi cqvRbxq
`ya cvIqv hvq | evPvi 1 gvm eqm nZ axi axi KvuPv Nvm I `vbv`vi Lv` Af KivZ ne |
QvMj Qvbvi cwiPhv mK wevwiZ 32 bs gWyj AvjvPbv Kiv nqQ |
31.2.5 t j wdwWs cwZZ QvMjK LvIqvbv
QvMj mvaviYZt Zvi IRbi 4-5% nvi Lq _vK | GB Lvì ga 60-80% Avuk RvZxq Lvevi
(Nvm, jZv, cvZv, Lo BZvw`) Ges 20-40% `vbv`vi Lvevi (Kzov, f~wl, Pvj, Wvj, Qvjv BZvw`)
_vKZ ne | GKwU evo LvmxK `wbK 200-250 Mvg `vbv`vi Lvevi c`vb KiZ ne (Uwej-
31.4)| `yB _K wZb evPv wewk 25 KwR IRbi QvMxi `wbK cvq 350-450 Mvg `vbv`vi Lv`
cqvRb nq | GKwU cv eq cvuVvi `wbK 200-300 Mvg `vbv`vi Lv` cqvRb |
Dcv`vb kZKiv nvi

Mg/Pvj/f~v fvv 35.00
Mgi f~wl/AvUv/ Kzov 24.00
Lmvix/gvmKvjvB/Ab Wvji f~wl 16.00
mqvweb/wZj/bvwiKj/mwilv cfwZi Lj 20.00
UwK gvQi ov 1.50
WvB-Kvjwmqvg dmdU 2.00
jeb 1.00
wfUvwgb wgbvij wcwg 0.50
Uwej-31.4 t QvMji `vbv`vi Lvì mvaviY wgkY (%)
31.2.6 t j wdwWs cwZZ QvMjK Nvm, Lo LvIqvbv

j wdwWs cwZZ GKwU evo LvmxK `wbK 1.0-1.5 KwR KvuPv Nvm c`vb KiZ ne | `yB _K
wZb evPv wewk 25 KwR IRbi QvMxK `wbK 1.5-2.5 KwR KvuPv Nvm Ges GKwU cv eq
cvuVvK `wbK 1.5-2.5 KwR KvuPv Nvm c`vb Kiv cqvRb | Nvm cvIqv bv Mj LoK 2-3 Bw
cwigvb KU BDwiqv gvjvmm w`q wgwkq LvIqvbv hZ cvi | G welq 31.1.7 t bs
AbyQ` wevwiZ AvjvPbv Kiv nqQ |
31.2.7 t Lvmx Kivbv

j wdwWs cwZZ QvMj cvjbi g~j Dk njv AwaKZi gvsm Drcv`b | ZvB G cwZi Lvgvi
cRbb DchvMx KqKwU cvuVv iL evKx me cyil QvMjK Lvmx Kivbv nq _vK | Lvmx Kivbvi
gvag QvMji gvsm Mgy I my^v`y nq | LvmxKiYi dj Pvgovi bMZ gvbI ew cvq | Gi
dj QvMj kv I bg ^fvei nq Ges AbK QvMj GK cvjb mnRZi nq | 2-4 mvn eqm
cvuVv evPvK Lvmx Kivbv Dg | Lvmx Kivi Rb evwWRvm KvUi, ivevi wis ev AKvl KvUv
cwZ eenvi Kiv hZ cvi | G evcvi 29.5 AbyQ` wevwiZ AvjvPbv Kiv nqQ | Lvmx
Kivbvi ci Zvb gvwQ ev Ab Kvb cvKv ev AvVvwj hb bv em mRb wUsPvi Ae AvqvwWb
w`q cwivi Ki mvjdvwbjvgvBW cvDWvi wQwUq w`Z ne |
31.2.8 t cvuVv eevcbv
cvuVvK hLb cRbb KvR eenvi Kiv nq bv ZLb ZvK chv cwigvb Nvm LvIqvjB Pj | Ze
cRbb KvR eenvii mgq cvuVvK IRbf` 200-500 Mvg cwigvb `vbv`vi Lvevi w`Z ne |
cRbb Kvhg mnvqZvi Rb cwZwU cvuVvK `wbK 10 Mvg cwigvb MvuRvbv Qvjv `qv cqvRb |
Kvb fveB cvuVvi kixi Pwe RgZ `qv DwPr bq | cqvRb `vbv`vi Lv` wbqY Kiv hZ cvi
31.2.9 t QvMji ^v eevcbv, Lvgvii Re wbivcv I Abvb eevcbv

Lvgvii me QvMjK eQi Kgc `yB evi (elv I kxZi iZ) KwgbvkK Jla LvIqvZ ne |
QvMji gvivZK ivM hgb- wcwcAvi, MvUc nj `Z wbKU cvwY nvmcvZvj ev
fUwibvwiqvbi mv_ hvMvhvM Ki cqvRbxq eev MnY KiZ ne | G Qvov QvMji ZoKv,
Mjv dzjv, GUvivUwwgqv, Wvqwiqv I wbDgvwbqv nZ cvi | mwVK ^v eevcbv I wPwKrmvi
gvag G mKj ivM wbqY Kiv me | QvMji wUKv`vb Kgm~Px AbymiY Kij AbK ivM wbqY
Kiv me (Uwej-30.1) |
Re wbivcvt Lvgvi bZzb QvMj Avbvi AekB ivMgy QvMj msMn KiZ ne Ges 15 w`b
Lvgvi _K `~i Ab cheY (KvqviUvBb) KiZ ne | Kvb ivM `Lv bv w`j 15 w`b ci
wcwcAvi fvwb w`q QvMj Lvgvi Abvb QvMji mv_ ivLv hve | Amy QvMjK cvji Ab
QvMj _K `Z Ab mwiq wPwKrmv KivZ ne | QvMji Ni wbqwgZ cwivi KiZ ne | mKj
QvMjK eQi 5-6 evi 0.5% gvjv_vqb èY Pzweq ewntciRxwe gy ivLZ ne | cRbbkxj cvuVv
I QvMxK eQi `yBevi 1.0-1.5 wg.wj. wfUvwgb G, wW. B BbRKkb w`Z ne |
31.2.10 t j wdwWs cwZZ cvwjZ QvMj evRviRvZKiY
myz Lv` I Abvb eevcbvq 12-15 gvmi ga Lvmx 20-22 KwR IRbi nq | G mgq Lvmx
wew Kiv hZ cvi A_ev Lvmxi gvsm cwqvRvZ KiI wew Kiv hZ cvi |
m~t
1. mwg-BUbwmf cwZZ `kx QvMj cvjb, evsjv`k cvwYm` MelYv cwZvb, mvfvi, XvKv, Ryb, 2001
2. j wdwWs cwZZ QvMj cvjb, evsjv`k cvwYm` MelYv cwZvb, mvfvi, XvKv, gvP, 2003
gwWDj - 32 t
QvMj Qvbvi gZz nvi iva KiYxq
aviYv Kiv nq h eZgvb evsjv`k QvMji msLv cvq `yB KvwU | `ki gvU QvMji kZKiv 45
QvMxB evPv Drcv`b mg | cwZ ermi `k h cwigvb QvMji evPv RbMnY Ki _vK Zvi cvq
30 fvMB wewfb KviY gviv hvq | GZ `k wecyj cwigvb Avw_K wZi myLxb nQ | A_P QvMj
Qvbvi Dchy Lv` eevcbv, evmvb eevcbv I ^v eevcbvi gvag AwaKvsk B evPv
gZzi nvi iva Kiv me | QvMj Qvbvi RbKvjxb IRb, gZzi nvi Ges wewfb msvgK I wecvKxq
ivM Avv nIqvi welqwU QvMx I cRbbKvj eeZ cvuVvi cRbb eevcbvi Dci wbfikxj |
cRbbKvjxb mgq QvMxi `wnK Aev iZcY~ | evK ej RvZi GKwU QvMx mvaviYZt 4-5 gvm
eqmi ga Mig nq | Gmgq cRbb bv Kivbv fvj | QvMxi `wnK IRb Kgc 12-13 KwR
nj ZvK cRbb Kivbv DwPr | Ab_vq Kg `wnK IRbi QvMxK cRbb Kivj cmeKZ evPvi
IRb Kg nq _vK hv evPv gZzi GKwU AbZg KviY | G Qvov Acv eq Aevq ev Kg IRbi
mgq MfaviY Kij QvMxi `ya Drcv`b Kg nq, hv evPvi euP _vKvi bybZg cqvRb gUvZ cvi
bv | dj Rbi KqKw`b ciB QvMj Qvbvi gZz NU | Avevi evK ej RvZi GKwU QvMx GK
mv_ 3-4 wU evPv cme Ki | wK QvMxi `yai evU `ywU nIqvq mejv evPv GKmv_ gvqi `ya
LZ cvq bv | dj AcvKZ `~ej evPv AviI `~ej nq co | evPv gZzi nvi iva KiZ nj
QvMxi MfKvjxb mgq nZ cme cieZx mgq ch gv I QvMj Qvbvi wekl hZ wbZ ne | wbg
QvMj Qvbvi gZz nvi iva KiYxq mK wevwiZ AvjvKcvZ Kiv njv |
32.1 t QvMj Qvbvi gZz nvi iva QvMxi MfKvjxb eevcbv
Dkt cwkYv_xì QvMj Qvbvi gZz nvi iva QvMxi MfKvjxb eevcbv mK aviYv c`vb |
ARbt GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb QvMj Qvbvi gZz nvi iva QvMxi MfKvjxb eevcbv mK aviYv
cveb |
evK ej RvZi GKwU QvMx mvaviYZt cwZevi 2-4 wU evPv cme Ki | ZvB MfeZx
QvMxK chv mylg I cywKi Lvevi mieivn KiZ ne | GZ evPv I QvMxi ivM msgYi
mvebv nvm cve Ges QvMj Qvbvi RbKvjxb IRb ew cve | Ab_vq Rbi mgq evPv
IRb Kg I `~ej nZ cvi; dj evPv gZzi nvi eo hZ cvi |
MfaviYi c_g wZb gvm QvMxK h Lv` mieivn Kiv nq Zv Mf Yi cqvRbxq cyw
RvMvq Ges QvMxi b wUmyi ewZ f~wgKv ivL| Mfi kl `yB gvm QvMx I evPvi ^v
ivi Rb chv cwigvb KvuPv Nvm, `vbv`vi Lv`, wfUvwgb I wgbvij mvwcgU Ges we
cvwb mieivn Kiv DwPr | GZ Mf evPvi mylg ew NUe Ges cmeKZ evPvi gZzi nvi
Kg hve |
h me QvMxK c~e wcwcAvi, MvUc, GK_vBgv, emjvwmm cfwZ ivMi cwZlaK wUKv
c`vb Kiv nq wb ZvìK Mfi 5g gvm D wUKvmg~n c`vb KiZ ne | GZ evPv Zvi
gv _K D ivMmg~ni cwZlaK cve |
Mfi kl 1-2 mvn QvMxK eW KUvg KwgbvkK LvIqvZ ne |
MfKvjxb mgq AcywZ Avv ev xY ^vi QvMxK mylg Lvevi mieivni cvkvcvwk
cwZ mvn GKwU Ki KvuPv ev wm wWg LvIqvbv hZ cvi | GZ QvMxi Avwgli Pvwn`v
wKQzUv c~iY ne Ges Mf evPvI mej ne |
MfKvjxb mgq QvMxK wbgi QK Abymvi Lv` I cvbxq mieivn Kiv nj QvMx my mej _vKe
Ges beRvZK QvMj Qvbvi IRb ekx ne |
QvMxi IRb `vbv`vi Lv` Nvm (KwR/w`b) cvwb (wjUvi/w`b)
(KwR) (Mvg/w`b)
15 800 2.25 1.5
20 900 2.4 1.5
25 1000 2.6 1.5
30 1100 2.8 2.0
35 1200 3.0 2.0
40 1250 3.5 2.0
Uwej 32.1 t MfKvjxb mgq QvMxi Lv` eevcbv
32.2 t QvMxi cme c~eeZx I cmeKvjxb eevcbv
Dkt cwkYv_xì QvMxi cme c~eeZx I cmeKvjxb eevcbv mK aviYv c`vb |

ARbt GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb QvMxi cme c~eeZx I cmeKvjxb eevcbv mK aviYv
cveb |
Avmb cmev QvMxK cmei Kgc 1-2 mvn c~e `ji Abvb QvMj nZ Avjv`v Ki
GKwU cwivi, cwiQb, Rxevbygy Ni (cmywZ Ni) ivLZ ne |
cmywZ Nii gS Kbv, cwivi I Rxevbygy Lo-wePvjx ev PU w`q XK w`Z ne |
AwZwi Vvv ev Mig nZ QvMxK iv KiZ ne |
gkv-gvwQ I Abvb KxU cZi DrcvZ nZ QvMxK iv KiZ ne |
QvMxK h_vixwZ mylg I cywKi Lvevi mieivn KiZ ne |
cmei jY cKvk cj QvMxi wcQbi Ask I Ijvb cUvwkqvg cvigvvbU Gi 0.5-
1.0% èY w`q ayq-gyQ w`Z ne |
Gmgq QvMxi cvk DcwZ _vKZ ne Ges cqvRb cme mnvqZv KiZ ne (hgb-
evPvi cv Ub ei Kiv) |
cmei mv_ mv_ evPvK gvqi mvgb w`Z ne hvZ QvMx evPvi kixi PU cwivi
KiZ cvi| evPvi bvK kvZ AvUK _vKvi KviY `g e nq evPv gviv hZ cvi
ZvB cmei mv_ mv_ evPvi mg kixi I bvKi kv mwiq bvKi ga dz w`q evPvi
kvm ckvm mnhvMxZv KiZ ne|
kxZi mgq `Z evPvi kixi gyQ bv w`j kxZ evPvi kixii AwZwi Zvcgvv `yZ
nvivZ _vK Ges evPv KvucZ KvucZ gviv hvq | GRb evPvK D vb A_vr Lo ev
PUi Dci iL Pviw`K PU w`q wNi w`Z ne A_ev Zvcgvv wbqYi eev MnY KiZ
ne |
evPv cmei ciciB evPvi bvwf 2-3 m.wg. iL evKx Ask KU w`Z ne Ges D vb
wUsPvi Ae AvqvwWb jvwMq w`Z ne |
cmei ci QvMxK mvjvBb LZ Ìqv fvj |
QvMxi RivqyZ hvZ BbdKkb bv nq mRb RbbvK 0.5-1.0% cUvwkqvg cvigvvbU
èY w`q ayq w`Z ne | cqvRb RivqyZ GwUevqvwUK evjvm cqvM KiZ ne |
32.3 t QvMj Qvbvi Lv` eevcbv
Dkt cwkYv_xì QvMj Qvbvi Lv` eevcbv mK aviYv c`vb |

ARbt GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb QvMj Qvbvi Lv` eevcbv mK aviYv cveb |
m` cm~Z evPvi euP _vKvi Rb cqvRb kw | beRvZ QvMj Qvbv kw cvq gvqi `ya
nZ | ZvB cmei 20-30 wgwbUi ga QvMj QvbvK gvqi kvj `ya LZ mvnvh KiZ
ne | kvj `ya `vnb Ki evZj LvIqvbv hZ cvi |
Lqvj ivLZ ne h mKj evPv hb mgfve `ya cvq | AcvKZ `~ej evPvK wbRi
nvZ ai gvqi `ya LvIqvi myhvM Ki w`Z ne | Rbi ci 1g 4-5 w`b evPvK kvj `ya
LvIqvZ ne |
Rbi mgq evPvi IRb 1 KwRi Kg nj gvqi `yai cvkvcvwk GK mvn ch wPwbi
wmiv/WUvR w`b 3-4 evi LvIqvbv hZ cvi | GZ evPvi kixi kw ew cvq Ges
evPv gZzi nvi Kg hvq |
QvMxi `ya Drcv`b Kg wK evPvi msLv hw` ekx nq Zvnj wZb gvm eqm ch evPvK
gvqi `yai cvkvcvwk Kwg Dcvq Mvfxi `ya, evwj, cvDWvi wg, fvZi gvo cfwZ
LvIqvbv hZ cvi|
Mii `ya cvIqv bv Mj cqvRb QvMj QvbvK wg wicmvi Zix Ki w`b 3-4 evi
LvIqvbv hZ cvi | GZ bbxgy ov `ya (wg wg) 70 fvM; Pvj,Mg ev f~vi ov 20
fvM, mqvweb Zj 7 fvM, jeb 1 fvM, WvBKvjwmqvg dmdU 1.5 fvM Ges wfUvwgb
wgbvij wcwg 0.5 fvM _vK | D wgkYi GKfvM, bqfvM cvwbi mv_ wgwkq fvjgZ
dzUvbvi ci Vvv Ki QvMj QvbvK LvIqvZ ne|
QvMj Qvbvi 15 w`b eqm nZ A A Ki `vbv`vi Lv` Ges Avuk RvZxq Lvevi (KvuPv Nvm,
MvQi cvZv cfwZ) LvIqvbvi Afvm KivZ ne |
h mKj QvMj Qvbv `xN mgq ai gvqi Achv `ya cvIqvi KviY `~ej nq ZvìK
Abvb mylg Lvevi mieivni cvkvcvwk cwZ mvn Kgc GKwU Ki KvuPv ev wm wWg
LvIqvbv hZ cvi | GZ QvMj Qvbvi Avwgli Pvwn`v wKQzUv c~iY ne Ges evPv my I
mej ne |
QvMj QvbvK wbgi QK Abymvi mylg Lv` mieivn Kiv nj QvMj Qvbv my mej _vKe Ges `wnK
IRb ew cve t
cwZ KwR `wnK IRbi Rb cwZ KwR `wnK IRbi Rb
eqm QvMji `ya LvIqvbvi cwigvb `vbv`vi Lv` LvIqvbvi cwigvb
KvPv Nvm
0-14 w`b 150 Mvg - -
15-30 w`b 150 Mvg mvgvb cwigvb mvgvb cwigvb
31-42 w`b 150 Mvg 20 Mvg mvgvb cwigvb
43-56 w`b 130 Mvg 40 Mvg Pvwn`v Abyhvqx
Uwej 32.2 t eqmf` QvMj Qvbvi Lv` eevcbv
32.4 t QvMj Qvbvi evmvb eevcbv
Dkt cwkYv_xì QvMj Qvbvi evmvb eevcbv mK aviYv c`vb |

ARbt GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb QvMj Qvbvi evmvb eevcbv mK aviYv cveb |
QvMj Qvbvi gZz nvi ivai Rb evmvb eevcbv LyeB iZcY~ |

m` cm~Z QvMj QvbvK cwivi cwiQb I RvqMv (ewWs cb) Z ivLvi eev KiZ
ne |
kxZi mgq gSZ Qvjv ev Lo wewQq gvi mv_ QvMj QvbvK ivLZ ne |
cqvRb QvMj Qvbvi kixi Mig Kvcov ev Qvjv w`q XK `qv hZ cvi |
QvMji Nii eov ev `qvj PU w`q XK `qv `Z cvi hvZ Ni nZ kxZ kxZ fve `~i
nq |
cwZw`b Lv` I cvwbi cv cwivi KiZ ne Ges Lqvj ivLZ ne hb Ni fRv ev
mvuZmuZ bv nq |
kxZ ev ewi mgq QvMi QvbvK Nii evBi hZ Ìqv DwPr bq | GZ Vvv jM QvMj
Qvbvi wbDgvwbqv nZ cvi |
eo cvYxi Avgb nZ QvMj QvbvK ivi eev _vKZ ne |
32.5 t QvMj Qvbvi ^v eevcbv
Dkt cwkYv_xì QvMj Qvbvi ^v eevcbv mK aviYv c`vb |

ARbt GB cvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb QvMj Qvbvi ^v eevcbv mK aviYv cveb |
QvMj Qvbvi ciRxwe wbqY t

wewfb KviY QvMj Qvbvi kixi DuKzb, AvVvjx, gvBU cfwZ ciRxwei msgb nZ cvi | Gi dj
evPv ik~bZvq fyM `~ej nq co Ges gviv hvq | G me ciRxwei Avgb cwZivai Rb QvMj
QvbvK DuKzb bvkK mvevb w`q A_ev 0.5% gvjvw_qbi cvwbZ Mvmj KivZ ne | QvMj Qvbvi
eqm 2 gvm njB cwZ mvn `yBevi GK mvaviY cvwbZ Mvmj KivZ ne | kixi DuKzb, AvVvjx,
gvBU cfwZ ciRxwei msgb `Lv w`j gvm `yBevi 0.5% gvjvw_qbi cvwbZ evPvK Mvmj
KivZ ne | Mvmji ciciB QvMj Qvbvi kixi Kvco ev Qvjv w`q gyQ w`Z ne |
eqm evovi mv_ mv_ QvMj Qvbvi cU Mvj Kwg, wdZv Kwg Ges hKZ Kwgmn wewfb aiYi Kwg
nZ _vK | Gi dj QvMji Lv` nRg Kg hvq Ges nRgKZ Lv` kvlY evNvZ NU | GK
chvq evPv AcywZ `~ej nq gviv hZ cvi | ZvB evPvi eqm GKgvmi AwaK nj cwZ Pvi
gvm cici cvqLvbv cixv Ki fUwibvwiqvbi civgk Abyhvqx Kwgi Jla LvIqvZ ne |
QvMj Qvbvi wbDgvwbqv wbqY t

evKUwiqv, fvBivm, dvsMvm cfwZ Rxevby viv wewfb mgq QvMj Qvbvi wbDgvwbqv nZ cvi |
cP kxZ, AwZwi ewcvZKvjxb mgq Ges fRv mvuZmuZ I Acwivi evmvb G ivMi
msgb Zivw^Z Ki | G Qvov kvm bvjxZ Lvevi ev Jla RvZxq Kvb c`v_ XyK Mj Gmwcikb
wbDgvwbqv nZ cvi | wbDgvwbqv ivMi jYjv nQ t
- Nb Nb wbtkvm I A Ri (cavb jY)
- kvm ckvmi mgq k nIqv (NoNo k)
- ivMi kl chvq kvm K
- Nb Nb Kvwk Ges Kvwki mgq eyK ev_v
- bvK w`q mv`v dbvhy mw` ei nIqv
- Lv` MnY AiwP I Abxnv
- evPvi kixii Zvcgvv GK chvq Kg hvIqv Ges kvmK gZzeiY
QvMj Qvbvi wbDgvwbqv ivM nj GKRb Awf fUwibvwiqvbi eevc Abyhvqx Gi wPwKrmv
KivZ ne | wbDgvwbqv ivM Kvb GKK mywbw` Rxevby viv nqbv ej wUKv w`q G ivM cwZiva
Kiv hvq bv | Lvgvii DbZ eevcbv, cwivi cwiQb cwiek Ges AwZwi kxZ, ew BZvw` nZ
QvMj QvbvK ivi gvag wbDgvwbqv ivM cwZiva Kiv me | Vvv Govbvi Rb kxZKvj Mig
Kvco ev PU w`q QvMj QvbvK XK w`Z ne Ges gSZ Lo/PU wewQq Zvi Dci evPvK ivLZ
ne |
QvMj Qvbvi Wvqwiqv/cUi cxov wbqY t
QvMj Qvbv Rbi 12-48 NUvi ga B. KvjvB bvgK GK aiYi evKUwiqv viv cUi cxov ivM
nq | evPvi Rbi ciciB kvj `ya LvIqvj GB ivM nq bv | cUi cxovi jYt
- mv`v ev njy` eYi cvZjv cvqLvbv nq
- gyL w`q AZwaK jvjv co
- evPvi LvIqv `vIqv e nq hvq
- evPv wbR nq hvq
- kixii Zvcgvv Kg hvq
- cU Mvm Rg hZ cvi, dj kvm wbZ K nq
- mgq gZ wPwKrmv bv Kivj 12-14 NUvi ga evPv gviv hvq
QvMj Qvbvi cUi cxov nj GKRb Awf fUwibvwiqvbi eevc Abyhvqx Gi wPwKrmv KivZ
ne | `ni cvwb k~bZv c~iYi Rb Avv QvMj QvbvK Nb Nb mvjvBb LvIqvZ ne |
QvMj Qvbvi wUKv c`vb t

ivM cwZiva ivM wbivgqi Pq Dg | QvMj Qvbvi KqKwU gvivZK ivM wUKv c`vbi gvag
cwZiva Kiv me | QvMj Qvbvi gZznvi iva KiZ nj mgqgZ Gme wUKv cqvM KiZ ne |
wbg wewfb eqm QvMj Qvbvi wUKvi weeiY QK AvKvi `Lvbv njv t
cqvMi eqm
wUKvi bvg
1g WvR 2q WvR 3q WvR
wcwcAvi wUKv 4 gvm
zivivM wUKv 3 gvm
MvU c wUKv 5 gvm
GUviv Uwwgqv wUKv 6 gvm
KUvwRqvm GK_vBgv wUKv 1-3 w`b 10-14 w`b 3 gvm
Uwej 32.3 t QvMj Qvbvi wUKv`vb mgqm~wP
gwWDj - 33 t
fov cvjb
33.1t evsjv`k fov cvjbi myweav I mgmvmg~n
Dkt cwkYv_xì evsjv`k fov cvjbi myweav I mgmvmg~n mK aviYv c`vb |

ARbt GB cvvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb evsjv`k fov cvjbi myweav I mgmvmg~n mK aviYv jvf
Kieb |
fov QvMji gZB GKwU mvebvgq PZz` cvYx | my`~i AZxZ Kvj nZ gvbyl ckg I gvsmi Rb
fov cvjb Ki AvmQ | evsjv`ki meB Kgekx fov cvjb Kiv nq _vK | Ze `wYvji
RjvjvZ Ges ei` Aj fov cvjb DjLhvMfve ekx | evsjv`k fov cvjb GKwU
jvfRbK ckv nZ cvi | fovi Lvgvi wewbqvMKZ A_ AwZ A mgq DV Avm |
fov cvjbi myweavjv wbg msc AvjvPbv Kiv njv t

1. A RvqMvt fov cvjbi Rb Lye eo PviYf~wg bv njI Pj | A RvqMvZB fov cvjb
Kiv me|
2. Lv`t fov cvjbi Rb Lye ekx Lvì cqvRb nq bv | emZ-evwoi Avkcvki cwZZ
Rwg, Zi AvBj Ges ivvi cvki Nvm I jZvcvZv Lq Giv cqvRbxq Lvì msvb
KiZ cvi |
3. mnR cwiPhvt fov cwiPhv mnR | ZvB fovi Lvgvi Zzjbvg~jKfve Kg kgi cqvRb
nq| fov kv cvYx nIqvq GKRb gwnjv ev evPv Qji cI GKmv_ AbKjv fovi
cwiPhv Kiv me |
4. ^ g~j/mnR wewbqvMt QvU cvYx nIqvq fovi GKK g~j Kg | ZvB fov cvjbi Rb
Zzjbvg~jKfve Kg g~jabi cqvRb nq | dj `wi` ev wbg Avqi gvbyli cI fov
cvjb wewbqvM Kiv me |
5. gvsm Drcv`bt evsjv`k vbxqfve h me fov cvjb Kiv nq Zv g~jZt gvsm Drcv`bi
Rb | fovi gvsm my^v`y | GKwU c~Y eq fov nZ Mo 25-30 KwR gvsm cvIqv hvq |
6. ckg Drcv`bt evsjv`k vbxq fve cvwjZ fovjv DbZ RvZi bv nIqvq Gì ckgI
DbZ gvbi bq | Ze Gme fov nZ cv ckg nZ ivRkvnx, VvKziMvuI cfwZ Aj K^j
Zix Kiv nq|
evsjv`k fov cvjbi mgmvjv wbg msc AvjvPbv Kiv njv t

evsjv`k cvwievwiKfve h me fov cvjb Kiv nq Zv DbZ RvZi bq | DP Drcv`bkxj
fov G`k cvjb bv Kivi KviY Gì ckgi bMZ gvbI wbg Ges Mo gvsm Drcv`bI Kg |
fov cvjb msKv vbi Afve Ges fov cvjb AvMni Afve G`k fov Drcv`b ewi c_
GKwU AbZg Aivq | fovi Lv`, evmvb I ^v eevcbv mK mwVK aviYv bv _vKvi
KviYI Gme fov nZ KvwLZ Drcv`bkxjZv ARb Kiv me nQ bv | G evcvi Lvgvixì
cwkY c`vb Ges G`k cvjb DchvMx fov Avg`vbx Kij evsjv`ki LvgvixMb fov cvjb
Ki jvfevb nZ cvie |
33.2t fovi RvZ I kYx
Dkt cwkYv_xì fovi RvZ I kYx mK aviYv c`vb |
ARbt GB cvvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb fovi RvZ I kYx mK aviYv jvf Kieb |
Avgiv c~eB RbwQ fov nZ `ya, gvsm I ckg Drcv`b Kiv nq _vK | `ya, gvsm I ckg
Drcv`bi Dci wfw Ki fovi wewfb RvZi kYx webvm Kiv nq _vK | `y Drcv`b Kvix
fovi DjLhvM RvZjv nQt
1. WimU 2. wdbwkc
3. KzcIqv_ 4. cwjc
5. ivgvbf 6. wdwRqvb
7. iv^yBjU 8. AvBmjvwK
9. kckvqvi 10. UviwN BZvw`
`ya Drcv`bi Rb BDivci AbK Lvgvi fov cvjb Kiv nq _vK | BDivc I AvgwiKvq dk
cwbi I BqvMvU ZixZ fovi `ya eeZ nq _vK | evPv Ìqvi ci cwZ jvKUkb GKwU
fox Mo 100 w`b `ya c`vb Ki _vK | BDivci `y c`vbKvix fovi RvZ nZ Mo 2 nZ
3.5 wjUvi ch `ya cvIqv hvq | gvwKb hyiv `y c`vbKvix fov nZ Mo cwZw`b 1 wjUvi `ya
cvIqv hvq |
wP-33.1t wjsKb RvZi fov wP-33.2t iv^yBjU RvZi fov
wP-33.3t ivgvbf RvZi fov wP-33.4t UviwN RvZi fov

wP-33.5t WimU RvZi fov wP-33.6t ivgwb gvk RvZi fov
wP-33.7t AvBmjvwK RvZi fov wP-33.8t gwibv RvZi fov
wP-33.9t wdwRqvb RvZi fov wP-33.10t KUmIqv wP-33.11t jvwn RvZi fov
RvZi fov
ckg Drcv`bi Dci wfw Ki fovi wbgewYZ kYx webvm Kiv nqQt
mi ckg Drcv`bKvix fov - K) gwibv
L) iv^yBjU
j^v ckg Drcv`bKvix fov - K) ivgwb gvk
L) jvi
M) wjsKb
N) KUmIqv
gvSvix ckg Drcv`bKvix fov- K) WimU

L) mwfqU
M) kckvqvi
N) mvdvK
KvcU ckg Drcv`bKvix fov- K) evK dm&W
L) jvwn
M) nvBjv
dvi ckg Drcv`bKvix fov - K) KvivKzj
gwibv RvZi cwZwU fov nZ eQi Mo 8-10 KwR ckg cvIqv hvq | ivgwb gvk RvZi fov
nZ cwZ eQi Mo 5-12 KwR ckg cvIqv hvq |
gvsm Drcv`bi Rb weki AbK `k evwYwRK wfwZ fov cvjb Kiv nq _vK | Gi ga
wbDwRjv, Awjqv, hyiv DjLhvM | gvsmj RvZi GKwU c~Y eq fov nZ Mo 45-80
KwR gvsm cvIqv hvq | DjLhvM gvsmj RvZi fovjv nQt
K) gwibv (`wnK IRbt 65-100 KwR)
L) ivgwb gvk (`wnK IRbt 85-110 KwR)
M) wjsKb (`wnK IRbt 80-120 KwR)
N) mwfqU (`wnK IRbt 60-100 KwR)
evsjv`k vbxqfve h me fov cvjb Kiv nq Zv DbZ RvZi bq | Gjvi ga nZ DP

Drcv`bkxj fov mbv Ki DbZ RvZi mv_ Ijvi msKivqbi gvag G`k fovi RvZ
Dbqb Kiv cqvRb |
33.3 t fovi evmvb I cwiPhv
Dkt cwkYv_xì fovi evmvb I cwiPhv mK aviYv c`vb |

ARbt GB cvvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb fovi evmvb I cwiPhv mK aviYv jvf Kieb |
cPwjZ cwZZ fov cvjb Kij fovi Rb Avjv`v wekl Kvb Nii cqvRb nq bv | Mvqvj
Ni, gvbyli _vKvi Nii GK cvk wKsev Nii cvki eviv`vq fov cvjb Kiv nq _vK | Ze
ekx msLvq cvjb Kij Avjv`v fve fovi Ni wbgvb Kiv DwPr | evuk, Qb ev Lo w`q fovi Ni
Zix Kiv hZ cvi | Nii gS DuPz Ki Zix KiZ ne hvZ gS me mgq Kbv _vK |
cqvRb Ni gvPv Zix Kiv hZ cvi hvZ Ni mvuZmuZ bv nq | Kbv Lo ev Qvjv w`q fovi
weQvbv Ki `qv hZ cvi; GZ gS Kbv _vKe | ivM evwa cwZivai Rb fovi Ni
wbqwgZ cwivi cwiQb ivLv cqvRb |
33.4 t fovi Lv` eevcbv
Dkt cwkYv_xì fovi Lv` eevcbv mK aviYv c`vb |

ARbt GB cvvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb fovi Lv` eevcbv mK aviYv jvf Kieb |
fov _K fvj Drcv`b cZ nj Pvwn`v gvZveK mylg Lv` mieivn KiZ ne | `ya, gvsm I
ckg Drcv`b cPzi cvwUb ev Avwgli cqvRb nq | ZvB fov nZ AwaK gvsm I ckg cZ nj
fovK Nvm, Lo I jZv-cvZv LvIqvbvi mv_ mv_ cvwUb RvZxq `vbv`vi Lv` LvIqvZ ne |
fovK wbg ewYZ Lv` cwigvbgZ LvIqvbv hZ cvi t
K) meyR Nvm/ivdR RvZxq Lv`t
- bwcqvi Nvm
- cviv Nvm
- f~v Nvm
- wMwb Nvm
- Avjdv Avjdv
- KvDwc
- evuav Kwc
- m~hgLy x MvQ, mwilv MvQ, Mvj Avjy MvQ, Avbvimi gv_v cfwZ |
L) `vbv`vi Lv`
- Lj (ZzjvexR, bviKj, wZj, wZwm, mqvweb, mwilv, ev`vg cfwZi Lj)
- exR (mqvweb, Rvqvi, ZzjvexR BZvw`)
- f~wl (Mg, f~v, Qvjv BZvw`)
- UwK gvQi ov
- nvoi ov
- ii ov
- Mg fvOv, Pvj BZvw` |
1. meyR Nvm 1.0 KwR

2. Nvmi mvBjR 1-1.5 KwR
3. Lo (f~v, Rvqvi) cwigvb gZ
4. wZj/wZwm/mqvweb ov 120 Mvg
5. Pzbv cv_i ov 0.25 AvD
Uwej-33.1t 50 KwR `wnK IRbi GKwU fovi Lv` dgyjv
33.5 t fovi ^v eevcbv
Dkt cwkYv_xì fovi ^v eevcbv mK aviYv c`vb |
ARbt GB cvvV Aaqb kl wkv_xMb fovi ^v eevcbv mK aviYv jvf Kieb |
jvfRbKfve fov cvjb KiZ nj Gi wekl hZ bIqv cqvRb | fov nZ AwaK cwigvb
gvsm, `ya I ckg cZ nj hgb GK mylg Lvevi mieivn Kiv cqvRb Zgwb Drcv`b ewi Rb
fovK ivM evwa gy ivLv cqvRb | ^vmZfve jvjb cvjb Kij fovi AbK msvgK
ivM `gb/wbqY Kiv me |
ciRxwe wbqYt
fovi ckgi fZI DuKzb, AvVvwj I gvBU RvZxq cvKvi Avgb nq _vK | Gme cvKv i Pzl
Lvq ej fovi Drcv`b gZv evavM nq | Uvdb, gvjvw_qb cfwZ BbmwmvBW cqvM Ki
fovK Gme cvKvi Avgb nZ gy ivLv me | Gme BbmwmvBW cvwbZ j fovi kixi
c KiZ ne | wKsev cvwbZ wgwkq D cvwbZ fovK PzevZ (wWwcs) ne | Gme Jla LyeB
welv weavq Lqvj ivLZ ne hb Jla wgkvbv cvwb fovi gyLi wfZi, PvL ev bvK cek bv
Ki | G Qvov AtciRxwe nZ gy ivLvi Rb wPwKrmKi civgk Abyhvqx fovK wbqwgZ
KwgbvkK Jla LvIqvZ ne |
msvgK evwa wbqYt
fovi ivM evwai ga KqKwU gvivZK msvgK evwa iqQ | Gjv njv t zivivM, ZoKv,
Mjvdzjv, RjvZsK, em, abysKvi cfwZ | wbqwgZ cwZlaK wUKv c`vb Ki Gme ivM wbqY
Kiv me |
fovi ckg eo nj KvuwP ev gwkb w`q QvU Ki djv DwPr | GZ fov hgb ^vQ` eva Ki
Zgwb Drcv`bI ew cvq | ckg KvUv/QvUvi mgq mZKZv Aej^b Kiv DwPr hvZ Pvgov/gvsm KvUv
bv co | KU Mj iiY e Kiv DwPr Ges GwU mcwUK eenvi Kiv DwPr hvZ msgb bv
nq |evPv cmei c~e I ci cmywZ I beRvZK Qvbvi wekl hZ bIqv DwPr | cwivi cwiQb
cwiek evPv cme Kivj cmeKvjxb ivM-evwa nZ fovK gy ivLv me nq | G mgq gvqi
Rb I evPvi Rb wekl Lvì eev Kiv DwPr |

Manual Livestock PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Manual Livestock PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

cvwYm` gvbyqvj

gvt mwdKzi ingvb

cvwYm` Awa`i, Kwl Lvgvi moK, dvgMU, XvKv-1215

1.1 A_bwZK Dbqb nvum-gyiMxi f~wgKv t

wbg nvum-gyiwM cvjbi iZ msc ebbv `qv njv t

f~-ga mvMixq Aji RvZ

1.2 nvumi RvZ I ewk t

gyiwMi Rb AbyK~j cwiekt

gyiwMi Nii cKwZt

wP-1 Dby Ni wP bs - 2 Dby Ni wP bs -2 eZj wewk

(L) cwiek wbqwZ Ni

wP bs 6 Sbv wWsKvi wP bs 7 ej UvBc wWsKvi

wP bs 8 cvwKi Zix Uvd wdWvi wP bs 9 cvwKi Zix wUDe wdWvi

K) c_g Lvevi cv-KvMR/wPKevi XvKwb /cvwK U /_vjv BZvw`

4) gyiwM aivi Rb (KvwPs ) K

2.2 gyiwM cvjb cwZ

2.3 K) wjUvi cwZ

wP-11 wjUvi cwZZ gyiMx cvjb

* wjUvii ga GK cKvi wfUvwgb I Avwgl RvZxq Lv` Dcv`vb Zix nq|

wjUvi cwZZ gSi vb

gyiwMi RvZ wjUvi cwZ gvuPv ev vU cwZ LvuPv cwZ

gyiwMi RvZ wjUvi cwZ gvuPv ev vU cwZ LvuPv cwZ

gvuPv ev vvU cwZi DcKvwiZv

vvU ev gvuPv cwZi mgmv

wP-12 vvU ev gvuPv cwZZ gyiwM cvjb

wP-13 vU Kvg wjUvi cwZZ gyiwM cvjb

vU-Kvg wjUvi Nii DcKvwiZv

wP-14 LvPv cwZZ gyiwM cvjb|

LuvPv cwZi DcKvwiZv

* cwiPhv mnR * ivM wevii mvebv Kg

wP-15 nvumi Nii wewfb bgybv

3.1| eywWs I eywWs Kgm~Px t

K) cvKwZK ewWs t gyiwMi mvnvh cvKwZK ewWs Kiv nq|

wP-16 eyWvi Ni Kvg- Mvqvi nvDR

eWvi -Kvg- jqvi nvDR t

3.2 ewWs cye cwZ, evPv ewWs eevcbv

Ni wjUvi / LvuPv I mivgvw` vcb

eWvii Zvc gvv t

evPv ewWs eevcbv

evPvi AvPiY cixvt

cwZmvn eWvii Zvcgvv 5 dvt KgvZ nq hZY bv Nii ^vfvweK Zvcgvvi(75dvt )

K) Aj -Bb-Aj AvDU cwiKbv t

L) gvjwUcj wiqvwis cwiKbv

jqvi Lvgvi gvwcj wiqvwis cwiKbv Mnb cwZt

wmRbvj wiqvwis cwiKbv t

cyjU wbevPYi eqm

5.2 Lv` c`vb

6.1 eqjvi cvjb Kgm~Pxt

evP cwZ evPvi msLv wbaviY t

eqjvi cvjb kWi bv

cwqvRvZ c~e cwZt

eqjvi gvsm _Zjvbv ev weebZv t

gvsm _Zjvbv I weeYZv cwinvi eevcbvt

cyjUi hb cwic~YZvq AvjvK mgq wbqYt

Avjvi ZxeZvi cwigvb t

Ni evj eenvii DPZv I `~iZ t

eeZ Nii gS _K evji DPZv (LuvPvhy Ni)

(L) cyjU I jqvi gyiwMi Nii AvjvK mgqm~Px t

*Lv`i mv_ 6 mvn eqm ch Cocidiostat eenvi KiZ nq|

wP 19 Kvws ev DcKiY `qv wP 20 Kvw ev Zvcgvv I Av`Zv

wP 21 Kvws cwic nIqvi ci DcKiYmg~n ei Ki bIqv|

9.1 Lv`i Dc`vb mg~n I cKvi f`t

L) Avwgl RvZxq Lv` t